Adrian Schlag | Masks of the We

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MASKS DAN 1 2 3 Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood Wood Wood Height: 28cm Height: 20cm Height: 28cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Helmut Zake, Heidelberg ■ Collected by ■ Roberto Matta, ■ Before probably Walter Kaiser, Jean Houzeau de Lehaie Santiago de Chile Stuttgart in 1934, label on the reverse ■ Niels van der Heyde, Hamburg ■ Bernard de Grunne, Brussels ❯ Page 12 ■ Patrick de Backer, Temse, ❯ Page 16 acquired from the above in 1998 ■ Luc Clement, Brussels ❯ Page 14 106

4 5 6 7 Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood Wood Wood Wood Height: 19cm Height: 22 cm Height: 21 cm Height: 19,5 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance Provenance Collection S. , Belgium ■ Hans Himmelheber, Heidelberg Martin Doustar, Bruxelles ■ Burt Collection, Canada, ■ Sotheby´s 20. November 1991, museum numbers on the reverse ❯ Page 20 ❯ Page 24 ■ Marc Assayag, Montreal Important Tribal Art ❯ Page 18 ❯ Page 22 107

8 9 10 11 Civilization Dan Civilization Dan Civilization Bassa Civilization Dan/Mano Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood Wood Wood Wood Height: 24 cm Height: 25 cm Height: 21 cm Height: 23 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Thomas McNemar (1931-2019), ■ Hans Schneckenburger, ■ Helmut Zake, Heidelberg ■ Merton Simpson, New York San Francisco Munich, Germany ❯ Page 30 ❯ Page 32 ■ Cooper Evans, Los Angeles ■ Rolf Huisgen, Munich, Germany Publication (1977) ■ McNemar, Thomas, A selected ❯ Page 28 portfolio of African Sculpture in the McNemar Collection, 1966, San Francisco ❯ Page 26 108

MASKS DAN-KRAN 12 13 14 Civilization Dan/Kran Civilization Dan/Kran Civilization Dan/Kran Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood Wood, brass, resin, aluminium Wood, pigments, metal, Height: 27,5 cm Height: 18 cm plant fibers, bone Height: 25 cm Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, Estimated period beginning 20th century beginning 20th century end 19th century, Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Marceau Riviere, Paris, ■ William Brill collection, ■ Apparently acquired in Paris beginning of the 1970´s New York (two old white paper in the 1920´s ■ Beppe Berna, Bologna labels with red faded collection ■ Berry de Bruijn, Hilvarenbeek, numbers on the reverse) ❯ Page 36 The Netherlands ❯ Page 38 ❯ Page 40 109

MASKS WE 15 16 17 18 Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood, copper alloy Wood, brass, hair Wood, brass, hair Wood (bronze, brass), bells, pigments, Height: 26 cm Height: 31 cm Height: 31 cm cloth, fiber, hair Height: 27 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, Estimated period beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century end 19th century, beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Collected by Raymond Mauny, ■ Gos & Delettrez, Art Primitif, ■ Ann de Pauw Provenance ■ Charles Wesley Hourde, Paris ■ Leopold Haefliger (1929-1989) Lyon 26. Mai 2003 ■ Through the family in auction ■ Patrick Girard, Lyon acquired ❯ Page 50 ❯ Page 48 1989 from the above ■ Irene de Charriere, Geneve, 1989 ❯ Page 46 ■ Emile Deletaille, Brussels, 1989 ❯ Page 44 110

19 20 21 22 Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood, brass bells, human hair Wood, brass, animal teeth, Wood, brass, hair Wood, brass, hair Height: 28 cm cotton Height: 24 cm Height: 27 cm Height: 31 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Collection Emmanuel Bordier Provenance ■ Charles Hug, Zuerich ■ Charles Hug, Zuerich ■ Guillem Montagut, Barcelone ❯ Page 52 ■ Leonardo Vigorelli, Milan ❯ Page 56 ❯ Page 58 ❯ Page 54 111

23 24 25 26 Mask, sro zri Civilization We-Wobe Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We-Wobe Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood Wood, brass, cotton, Wood, brass, cotton Wood, raffia Height: 30,5 cm remains of raphia and hair Height: 27,5 cm Height: 24 cm Height: 27 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Merton Simpson, New York Provenance ■ Dutch private collection ■ Rene Salanon (died 1992) ■ Allan Stone, New York ■ Ann de Pauw, Belgium ■ Nicolas Rolland, Paris ■ Galerie Kuenzi, ■ Guy Porre et Nathalie ❯ Page 66 ❯ Page 68 Gottfried Kuenzi (1920-1979), Chaboche, Paris Solothurn ■ Martin Gross (1922-2017), Published Biel, acquired the 02.11.1969 Neyt, Francois. Trésors de Côte d´Ivoire, ❯ Page 60 Fonds Mercator, Bruxelles, 2014 Page 42, numero 15 ❯ Page 62 112

27 28 29 30a Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood, brass, hair Wood, animal hide, Cartridge Wood, animal hide, Cartridge Wood, brass, cotton Height: 31 cm Height: 42 cm Height: 35 cm Height: 31 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Helmut Zake, Heidelberg ■ James Stephenson, New York ■ Collection Emmanuel Bordier, ■ Nana Philipps, Eindhoven ❯ Page 70 ❯ Page 72 Paris ❯ Page 76 ❯ Page 74 113

30b 31 32 33 Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Civilization We Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Wood, brass, cotton Wood, iron, cloth, cartridge, Wood, brass, hair Wood, iron, cotton Height: 26 cm polychromy Height: 31 cm Height: 24,5 cm Height: 29 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Private Swiss collection Provenance ■ Nina and Han Simonis, ■ Gallery Eric Hertault ■ Han and Nina Simonis, ❯ Page 77 Duesseldorf ❯ Page 83 Duesseldorf ❯ Page 80 ❯ Page 78 114

MASK PASSPORT 34 35 Civilization We Passport Mask Ivory Coast Civilization We Wood, brass, hair Ivory Coast Height: 31 cm Wood, brass, hair Height: 7 cm Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance ■ David Malik, London ■ Franco Monti, Milano ❯ Page 90 ❯ Page 84 115

MASKS BETE 36 37 38 Civilization Bete Civilization We/Bete Civilization We Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Liberia Wood, brass Wood, brass, hair Wood Height: 28 cm Height: 31 cm Height: 17 cm Estimated period Estimated period Estimated period end 19th century, end 19th century, end 19th century, beginning 20th century beginning 20th century beginning 20th century Provenance Provenance Provenance ■ Galerie Olivier Castellano, ■ Collection of Mark Isaacson ■ Ex Ulevitch collection, USA ■ Ex Charles Hourde, Paris Paris and Greg Nacozy ■ Ex coll. L´oiseau, Abidjan ❯ Page 94 ❯ Page 96 ❯ Page 98 116

MASK GREBO 39 Civilization Grebo/Kru Ivory Coast/Liberia Wood, with polychromy of white and blue Height: 47 cm Estimated period end 19th century, beginning 20th century Provenance ■ Arnold Trampitsch, Nancy ■ Mme Fogel, New York ■ Private collection, Paris ■ Charles Wesley Hourde, Paris Published Hourde, Charles- Wesley, L´emprise des masques, page 30, Paris 2017 ❯ Page 102 117

BIBLIOGRAPHY Boyer, Alain-Michel, We, Visions of Africa, Milan, 5 continents edition 2019 Donner, Etta, Hinterland Liberia, London, Mackie & Son Ltd, 1939 Wettstein, Isabelle, Fischer Eberhard und Homberger, Lorenz, Masken der We und Dan, Elfenbeinkueste, Die Sammlung des Schweizer Malers Charles Hug, Paris 1928-31, Museum Rietberg Zuerich, 1997 Gottschalk, Burkhard, L´art du Continent noir afrique, temoins de la maitrise des sculpteurs africains dans les collections privees, Volume 2 Goy Bertrand, Cote d-Ivoire, premiers regars sur la sculpture , Schoffel-Valluet Paris, 2012 Harley, George W. Masks as agents of social control in northeast Liberia Peabody Museum of American Acheology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, 1950, vol. XXIII, n 2 And Harley George W , Peabody Museum of American Archeology and Ethnology, Haard University, Cambridge, 1941, vol. XIX, n 2 Harley, George, Notes of the poro in Liberia Himmelheber, Hans, Negerkunst und Negerkuenstler, Braunschweig, Klinhardt & Biermann, 1960 Hourde, Charles-Wesley L´emprise des masques, Paris 2027 McNemar, Thomas A selected portfolio of African Sculpture in the McNemar Collection, 1966, San Francisco Schwab, George, Tribes of the Liberian hinterland, Cambrig, The Museum, 1947 Vandenhoute, P.J.L, Classification stylistiques du masque dan et guere de la Cote d´Ivoire Occidentale, Leiden, E.J.Brill, 1948 118

ACKNOLEDGEMENTS Berry de Bruijn Luc Clement Frederic Dehaen Francois Gasse Eric Hertault Kim Redlich Han and Nina Simonis Leonardo Vigorelli Dr. Adelheid and Hannes Wurzer David Zemanek PHOTOGRAPHIC CREDITS All photos by Frederic Dehaen, Studio Asselberghs With exception of page s 54/55, 70/71 and 82/83 Field photos Copyright Stadt Zuerich, Museum Rietberg All by Hans Himmelheber (1908-2003), 1963 DESIGN Geluck-Suykens & Partners, Brussels PRINT Drifosett Printing, Brussels ADRIAN SCHLAG TRIBAL ART CLASSICS 46 rue aux Laines B 1000 Bruxelles Belgium Mobile 0034 617 66 60 98 [email protected] www.tribalartclassics.com © Adrian Schlag 2022

ACKNOLEDGEMENTS Berry de Bruijn Luc Clement Frederic Dehaen Francois Gasse Eric Hertault Kim Redlich Han and Nina Simonis Leonardo Vigorelli Dr. Adelheid and Hannes Wurzer David Zemanek PHOTOGRAPHIC CREDITS All photos by Frederic Dehaen, Studio Asselberghs With exception of page s 54/55, 70/71 and 82/83 Field photos Copyright Stadt Zuerich, Museum Rietberg All by Hans Himmelheber (1908-2003), 1963 DESIGN Geluck-Suykens & Partners, Brussels PRINT Drifosett Printing, Brussels ADRIAN SCHLAG TRIBAL ART CLASSICS 46 rue aux Laines B 1000 Bruxelles Belgium Mobile 0034 617 66 60 98 [email protected] www.tribalartclassics.com © Adrian Schlag 2022