Environment Assessment Impact

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT • Community assessment is the process of identifying the strengths, assets, needs and challenges of a specified community. • This community assessment was performed early in the development of a coalition between the Rotary Club of El Tahrir, the Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University and the Ministry of Agriculture & Land Reclamation to better understand the community and decide how the coalition might best address its concerns with the objective towards aligning with the GOE strategy, Egypt 2030

CONTRIBUTORS FIELD EXPERT DEPARTMENT – FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, BENHA PROF. DR. MOHAMED EL SAYED ALI UNIVERSITY PROF. DR. SAMIR AHMED ALI ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT PROF. DR. AHMED ABDEL GHAFAR IMPACT PROF. DR. NABAWI HAGAGI PROF. DR. MOHAMED BASSIOUNI WATER MANAGEMENT: PROF. DR. AHMED SAID HYDROPONICS AQUAPONICS MICROGREEN BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY CONSERVATION TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY SOIL SUFACE PLANTING SYSTEMS ORNAMENTAL PLANTS & LANDSCAPING

TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPIC PAGE MAPS OF THE GOVERNORATES OF EGYPT 5 GOVERNORATE OF CAIRO 7 GOVERNORATE OF DAMIETTA 10 GOVERNORATE OF QALYUBIYA 13 GOVERNORATE OF GIZA 16 GOVERNORATE OF BENI SUEIF 19 GOVERNORATE OF LUXOR 22

MAP OF THE EGYPTIAN GOVERNORATES 2019 - 2020

Governorates are either fully \"urban\" or a mixture of \"urban\" and \"rural.\" The official distinction between \"urban\" and \"rural\" is reflected in the lower tiers: that is, fully urban governorates have no regions (markaz), as the markaz is, natively, a conglomeration of villages. Moreover, governorates may comprise just one city, as in the case of Cairo Governorate or Alexandria Governorate. Hence, these one-city governorates are only divided into districts (urban neighborhoods). Cairo Governorate consists of 41 districts; Alexandria Governorate consists of 7. Two new governorates were created in April 2008: Helwan and 6th of October. In April 2011, however, the 6th of October and Helwan governorates were again incorporated into the Cairo and Giza Governorates, respectively. Luxor was created in December 2009, to be the 29th governorate of Egypt, but with the abolition of the 6th of October and Helwan governorates, the number of governorates has decreased to 27.

GOVERNORATE OF CAIRO

CAIRO Cairo Governorate is the country capital and is the most populated of the governorates of Egypt. As Governorate, the city of Cairo, is the national capital of Egypt, and is part of the Greater Cairo metropolitan area. Because it is completely urbanized, the governorate is considered a city proper, and functions as a municipality. However, there are uninhabited desert areas. Parts of the governorate were separated in April 2008 to form the Helwan Governorate (reincorporated into the Cairo Governorate in April 2011). The total area of Cairo is 3,085 km² The total population of Cairo is 9.5 million (CAPMAS 2018)

REGIONAL PROFILE OF THE GREATER CAIRO GOVERNORATE: CAIRO Cairo is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world. Its metropolitan area, with a population of over 20 million, is the largest in Africa, the Arab world, and the Middle East, and the 6th-largest in the world. Cairo is associated with ancient Egypt, as the famous Giza pyramid complex and the ancient city of Memphis are located in its geographical area. Located near the Nile Delta. Cairo was founded in 969 AD by the Fatimid dynasty, but the land composing the present-day city was the site of ancient national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo has long been a center of the region's political and cultural life and is titled \"the city of a thousand minarets\" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture. Cairo is considered a World City with a \"Beta +\" classification according to GaWC (The World According to GaWC 2016. Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Loughborough University. 24 April 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2017.). Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab world, as well as the world's second-oldest institution of higher learning, Al-Azhar University. Many international media, businesses, and organizations have regional headquarters in the city; the Arab League has had its headquarters in Cairo for most of its existence. With a population of over 9 million spread over 3,085 square kilometers (1,191 sq. mi), Cairo is by far the largest city in Egypt. An additional 9.5 million inhabitants live near the city. Cairo, like many other megacities, suffers from high levels of pollution and traffic. The Cairo Metro is one of the only two metro systems in Africa (the other being in Algiers, Algeria), and ranks amongst the fifteen busiest in the world,[8] with over 1 billion annual passenger rides. The economy of Cairo was ranked first in the Middle East in 2005, and 43rd globally on Foreign Policy's 2010 Global Cities Index.

GOVERNORATE OF DAMIETTA

DAMIETTA Damietta Governorate is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, and has a population of over 1 million. Its capital is the city of Damietta. Damietta (city) is famous for its guava farms, as well as the palm trees that cover the coast from Ras El Bar in the east to Gamasa in the west. The governorate exports millions of palm trees to many countries every year, including Greece and China. Damietta also produces wheat, maize, cotton, rice, potatoes, lemon, grapes and tomatoes. It is also famous for its sweet industry, sardine packing, and Domiati cheese. Ras El Bar, one of the oldest summer resorts in Egypt, is located at the point where The Nile meets the Mediterranean Sea. The total area of Damietta is 1,029 km2 The total population of Damietta is 1,516,000 (CAPMAS 2018)

Vulnerability Assessment of the Impact of Sea Level DAMIETTA Rise and Land Subsidence on North Nile Delta Region TY - JOUR AU - Zaid, Samir AU - Mamoun, Mamoun AU - Al-Mobark, Nagwa PY - 2014/07/26 SP - 325 EP - 342 T1 - Vulnerability Assessment of the Impact of Sea Level Rise and Land Subsidence on North Nile Delta Region VL - 32 DO - 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.32.03.14505 JO - World Applied Sciences Journal ER -

GOVERNORATE OF QALYUBIYA

QALUBIYA Al-Qalyubiya Governorate is one of the governorates of Egypt. Located in Lower Egypt. It is situated north of Cairo in the Nile Delta region. Its capital is Benha. Benha and several other settlements blend into the neighboring Cairo Governorate; as a result, parts of Qalyubia (particularly Shubra El Kheima) are generally considered to form part of the Greater Cairo metropolitan area (along with Cairo governorate, Giza city and 6 October city). The total area of Al-Qalyubiya is 1,001 km2 The total population of Qalyubiya is 5,703,000 (CAPMAS 2018)

Municipal DivisionsAnglicized name Native name Arabic Population Type QALYUBIYA transliteration (July 2017 Est.) Khanka ‫ قسم الخانكه‬Al-Khānkah 76,744 Kism (fully urban) Khanka ‫ مركز الخانكة‬Al-Khānkah 574,569 Markaz Khusus ‫ قسم الخصوص‬Al-Khuṣūṣ 459,586 Kism (fully urban) El Qanater El ‫مركز القناطر الخيرية‬ Al-Qanāṭir al- 507,179 Markaz Khayreya Khayriyah El Ubour ‫ قسم العبور‬Al-'Ubūr 130,654 Kism (fully urban) Banha ‫ مركز بنها‬Banhā 482,959 Markaz Banha 1 ‫ قسم اول بنها‬Banhā 1 106,815 Kism (fully urban) Banha 2 ‫ قسم ثان بنها‬Banhā 2 64,493 Kism (fully urban) Kafr Shukr[8] ‫ مركز كفر شكر‬Kafr Shukr 188,858 Markaz Qaha ‫ قسم قها‬Qahā 47,898 Kism (urban and rural parts) Qalyub ‫ قسم قليوب‬Qalyūb 146,987 Kism (fully urban) Qalyub ‫ مركز قليوب‬Qalyūb 561,254 Markaz Shubra El Kheima ‫قسم أول شبرا الخيمة‬ Shubrā al- 483,762 Kism (fully urban) 1 Khaymah 1 Shubra El Kheima ‫قسم ثان شبرا الخيمة‬ Shubrā al- 682,152 Kism (fully urban) 2 Khaymah 2 540,112 Markaz Shibin El Qanater ‫ مركز شبين القناطر‬Sibīn al-Qanāṭir 593,694 Markaz Tukh ‫ مركز طوخ‬Ṭūkh

GOVERNORATE OF GIZA

GIZA Giza Governorate is among the most important and oldest governorates of Egypt due to its deep-rooted history in the ancient Egyptian civilization. It was the first capital of united Egypt (Manf) seven thousand years ago. Its monuments stand as witness on this history. It has one of the most important Pharos monuments and the most important historic monuments in the world that is Giza Pyramids, which is one of the world seven wonders, in addition to Sphinx and sun boats as well as Sakkara pyramid and another 30 smaller pyramids. On the other hand, Giza is a first-class agricultural governorate, as it has big spaces of agricultural lands of field crops, vegetables and fruits. It also has big number of poultry farms that contribute in increasing the poultry wealth countrywide. It also has huge space of deserts either in eastern or western deserts within the administrative boundaries of the governorate. The total area of Giza is 1,580 km² The total population of Giza is 8.8 million (CAPMAS 2018)

REGIONAL PROFILE OF GIZA GOVERNORATE: GIZA Giza is one of the governorates of Greater Cairo Region, which includes Cairo, Giza and Kalubia governorates. Giza governorate has its regional importance due to the following reasons: 1. Being one of the governorates of Greater Cairo gives it the features of the capital as it ahs some important ministries and agencies, in addition to the existence of some embassies and consulates. 2. Giza governorate is a link between Lower Egypt and Delta governorates on one hand and Upper Egypt governorates on the other hand. It also links Greater Cairo governorates to Alexandria and Mersa Mattrouh governorates, as it has the MiserAlexandria desert road, which links it to Alexandria governorate. 3. Giza governorate has scientific and researches importance among Egypt governorates, as it has on its land number of great scientific institutions that are: 3.1 Cairo University, which is the oldest Egyptian and Arab universities. 3.2 National Center for Researches. 3.3 Agricultural Researches Center. 3.4 Vaccine and Serum Researches Center. 3.5 Tudor Belharis Institute for Researches. In addition, there are other scientific and Researches institutions as well as number of scientific museums which receive ten of thousands of visitors such as the Agriculture Museum in Dokki and the Zoo of Giza. Also, there are Orman Gardens which is among the most important places in Egypt. The new Egyptian Museum is now under construction next to Giza three pyramids.

GOVERNORATE OF BENI SUEIF

BENI SUEIF This governorate's capital is the city of Beni Sueif, located about 120 km south of Cairo on the west bank of the Nile River. The area is well known in Egypt for its cement factories. The nearby Meidum pyramid is the only prominent tourist attraction in the area. The rate of poverty is more than 60% in this governorate but recently some social safety networks have been provided in the form of financial assistance and job opportunities. The funding has been coordinated by the country's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organizations. The total area of Beni Sueif is 10,954 km² The total population of Beni Sueif is 3.214 million (CAPMAS Jan 2018)

BENI SUEIF

GOVERNORATE OF LUXOR

LUXOR Luxor Governorate has been one of Egypt's governorates since 7 December 2009, when former president Hosni Mubarak announced its separation from the Qena Governorate. It is located 635 km south of Cairo. It is currently the smallest governorate in Egypt, spanning approximately 5 km from north to south, and 1.5 km from east to west, and lies in Upper Egypt along the Nile. The city of Luxor is the capital of the Luxor governorate. The government is studying the possibility of extending the boundaries of the governorate to include the neighboring towns of Armant and Esna. The total area of Luxor is 2,960 km2 The total population of Luxor is 1,270,000 (CAPMAS Jan 2018)

LUXOR