Current and future developments Additional information Case StudiesKaba is currently considering the introduction Kaba is currently trialling a unique pre-productionof driver training. This is envisaged as consisting Volkswagen VW Caddy van which has a dualof an on-line assessment to help identify high fuel (diesel and hydrogen) powered engine at therisk drivers. High risk drivers would then attend company’s West Drayton branch. This will assista driver training day to improve their safety and Volkswagen VW in their research and hopefullyefficiency in their place of work – their vehicle. help make this vehicle freely available in the UK.The intention is that this will, in turn, reduce Kaba is also due to trial a Smith Electric Transitaccident rates. Kaba’s insurers are visiting in type van in September 2008. Both of these willSeptember 2008 to complete a full Fleet audit help us to assess these vehicles’ suitability forand to advise on this and all Fleet aspects. use in an Inner-City environment.Plan your journey - FORS case study4-Rail Services Ltd Penalty Charge Notices found on the windscreens used to be handed to the accountsKey messages included: department who deducted it from the driver. They were not investigated to find a root cause• Plan your journey to prevent re-occurrence or if there were grounds4-RAIL Services Ltd are an Environmental and for appeal. This ended up getting expensive forMaterials Consultancy to Transport and Industry some drivers.sectors, focusing on Asbestos Management and The PCN workshop clarified what the roadrail related activities. Simon Wainwright, Fleet markings and signs meant, and the grounds onManager, explains how PCN awareness for both which PCNs are issued. Each PCN could nowdrivers and managers has reduced the number be individually reviewed, analysed and appealedof parking infringements, complaints, and the where possible. This information was fed back toamount drivers are paying. all the drivers and is now included as part of the‘We came across FORS as a contractual condition weekly Toolbox Talk schedule.from Transport for London and Crossrail. We Going to a favourite coffee shop cost onerealised it would benefit us, as being an SME, driver over £390.00 in one week.running an expanding fleet of vans, we needed to The main benefit of this has been that drivers aredo more than just keep the MOT in date and pay now able to understand the myriad of complexthe insurance. road markings, and have the knowledge to park in appropriate places. The number of complaints has reduced, the number of PCNs received has reduced and the drivers have more money in their pocket. Review of each PCN has also lead to some costs being reclaimed from the client. Illegally or carelessly parked vehicles are a blight on the road and get in the way of everyone. People take note of a company when it is their vehicle blocking the road. “They ignored me when I told them they to move – they all got tickets!” 4RS driver advising co-contractors about changes to local parking restrictions.Van Smart – Case Studies page 51
Case Studies In the first year the number of both parked and moving vehicle notices has dropped dramatically: 2011 2012 2013 2014 Stopping on Red Route or being in a Bus Lane 10 5 4 3 Moving vehicle contraventions 5 1 3 2 Parking location, restrictions or residents bays 10 9 18 4 Total number successfully appealed 2 3 5 2 Percentage successfully appealed 8% 20% 20% 23% Annual number of Parking Charge notices received and appeal success rate. As a result drivers can now plan where to park with confidence; managers can consider the implications of routing and parking restrictions in their planning. Should anyone still receive a PCN they only have themselves to blame. Stick to the basics - Driving for better business United Utilities Nature of Operation and Driving Activities Operational Services United Utilities Operational Services and its main customers of Welsh Water and United Utilities Key messages included: Operations Limited (Northern Gas Networks) have a fleet including, LGV, vans, leased company • Stick to the basics cars and grey fleet users. Most of the employees • Prepare yourself operate both in the field and in office locations • Act professionally that require mobility of various kinds. Operational teams within the field carry out their duties using a company vehicle or their own vehicle to do the day to day job. The vehicles used are either of standard type produced by the major manufacturers or are converted thus enabling operational teams to carry out field activates page 52 Van Smart – Case Studies
Work Related Road Safety Policy and The main areas that this covers are: Case StudiesProcedures • Identify risks around vehicles, drivers, journeysThe business sees the management of road risk • Improving driver behaviour and competenceas a key component of transport strategy. This • Vehicle checkshas led to the following management of road risk • Driving Licence checksframework being the catalyst for change. • Best practice in relation to:• United Utilities Operational Services recognises 1. Mobile phone use 2. Smoking and the vehicle the need to protect employees and others from 3. Drink and drug driving the dangers of work related driving. 4. Speed and the dangers• UUOS is committed to the principle that 5. Tiredness transport accidents, including road traffic 6. Winter driving accidents, are not an acceptable fact of life 7. Other topical information but serious, costly and often avoidable events. Specific examples of procedures• UUOS has general duties under the current We have a number of policies that help the legislation to ensure the safety of employees business and its employees understand and others affected by its work activities, and responsibilities in the area of managing road risk. a duty to assess significant risks under the One example is detailed below: Management of Health and Safety at Work MOBILE PHONES/RADIO AND MICROPHONE Regulations 1999. Drivers caught using a hand held mobile phone• In practice, risk assessment needs to take whilst driving will have their licence endorsed place not only at an organisational level (by with 3 points YOU can also be fined up to line managers), but also at a personal level by £2,500. the individual driver. It is company policy that drivers must never use a• UUOS will endeavour to meet those statutory hand held mobile phone when driving. requirements and provide standards not less 1. It is illegal to use a hand-held mobile phone than those set out in any relevant approved Codes of Practice. when driving.• UUOS will take all reasonable steps to ensure 2. Keep your mobile phone switched off when as far as reasonably practicable that employees driving at work do so in a manner that reduces driving and use your voicemail, a message the risk to themselves, other employees or any service or call diversion so that messages can other person who could be affected. be left for you when your phone is switched• Staff involved in driving of vehicles, whether off. they are part of the company owned 3. Only use your mobile phone after you have commercial fleet, supplied on the Company stopped in a safe place. Never stop on the Car Scheme or private vehicles driven on work hard shoulder of a motorway except in an matters will be covered by this Policy emergency.Work Related Road Safety Guidance for 4. You may think a hands-free phone will enableDrivers you to have control of your vehicle, but yourThe strategy we have developed has three main mind will not be fully on your driving. It is notstrands: like talking to a passenger who will be aware• Provide the business with best practice of what is happening when you are driving. information / advice• Provide a road risk register of employees and an associated improvement plan• Develop a real time approach to driver licence managementVan Smart – Case Studies page 53
Case Studies 5. Avoid taking calls on a hand-free phone whilst It was not until putting this strategy in place and driving, but if you must end the conversation following a clear path was it possible to see the quickly. Otherwise you will put yourself and gaps we had in the business. It is important that other road users at risk. being a high profile business working with both city and public stakeholders that we should take 6. You may use a mobile phone when driving for our responsibilities seriously. help in an emergency. On a motorway it is It is quite clear that sustainability of the strategy best to use a roadside emergency telephone, can add value to the position of the business in as the emergency services will be able to the eyes of our utility peers but also in the eyes locate you easily. Other distractions Do not of our partners within the road transport and forget the advice in the Highway Code about fleet sectors. other distractions which may affect your It is also safe to say that this is a complex concentration when driving. journey; changing culture and bringing people with you is no easy task. There needs to be a To Drive Safety Avoid: passion for this area of work and a champion 1. Loud music that may mask other sounds. needs to be found to drive the process along. 2. Trying to read a map. Accepting the challenges along the way and not 3. Inserting a cassette or CD or tuning the radio. getting despondent when things go wrong are key 4. Arguing with your passengers or other road to success. Networking amongst peers is also important users. and it is this that will help contribute to future 5. Eating or drinking. developments within United Utilities Operational Performance measures Services. The business operates a dashboard KPI set Current and future developments that gives a flash report of non behavioural and A process of continuous improvement is being behavioural activity to all stakeholders within followed and standing still is not an option for the business. The flash report is backed with the business now that there is a passion for the an electronic detailed data set that allows work. analysis to be done and as a result continuous As a result of beginning this journey and having improvement activity can take place. The KPI set created a network of peers the Haddon Matrix for benchmarks and measures the following areas: example will be used to look at current position • Vehicle repair and maintenance regime and set a path for the future. It is intended to • Fuel management work with a partner that can help this process. • Accident management and all associated We are working with a partner to create a driver awareness road show that will focus on areas activity such as: • Tyre management • Driver checks • External benchmarking and customer • Winter driving • Drink and drug driving satisfaction • Use of mobile phones All local management takes a responsibility for • Tiredness compliance of driver, journey and vehicle where • All these areas will be part of an ongoing they can affect behaviours. Lessons learned communications campaign. Following the road risk strategy being put in place it has been possible to begin the journey of improving our status in the eyes of all our stakeholders both within the business and outside. page 54 Van Smart – Case Studies
Consider others - FORS Case study Case Studies We passed our initial bronze assessment first time round, we were also given a few little pointers in best practise going forward. Once we were bronze accredited we really made the most of the benefits on offer, such as the discounts available to us and the performance management tool. We decided to to proceed to silver as we already had everything in place that was needed. “FORS has helped us achieve compliance andLondon Borough of Southwark – safety”Going for Gold The benefit of being FORS accredited, is so we can show the residence in our Borough how much we value their safety and that we willKey messages included: do as much as possible to protect them and• Consider others our environment. Also in the Past 12 months• Plan your journey the council has noticed a vast improvement in fuel and tyre wear since we have had our FORSOur job is to deliver lots of very different services accreditation, “The savings speak for its self”to the residents and businesses in our borough.A few examples of the kinds of services we We have also invested heavily in vehicle safetydeliver are social care for vulnerable adults, systems such as 360 degree cameras, nearsidecouncil housing, looking after the borough’s parks proximity sensors and audible alarms for all ourand green spaces and making sure the borough vehicles.is clean. Tracey Coleman, Transport Managerand our elected Fuel and Emissions Champion We have saved 8 per cent on our total Fuelexplains how important FORS is to our borough. Spend and reduced our Carbon Footprint by 8 perWe decided to go for FORS as best practise and cent by making sure our drivers select the bestit worked perfectly with our cyclist safety pledge. possible route and reduced our Idling across theWhen we looked at the requirements and Fleet.benefits of joining the scheme we saw that they “We have reduced our CO2 by 8 per cent in the last 12 months”fitted in perfectly with our ethos of improving Gaining FORS Gold Accreditation shows howsafety whilst complementing our drive to improve dedicated we are as a company to improvingfuel efficiency and reduce our environmental road safety and the safety of all vulnerable roadimpact. users in London as well as nationally. We will continuously use what FORS has taught us to help reduce our carbon footprint and make the roads so safer for everyone that uses them. We have also managed to make a Fuel Usage Co2 significant saving by reducingApr 13 –Mar 14 434,000 Litres 1,149 Tonnes our fuel usage and improving our MPG. We have also reduced athceoammpoaunnytboefcCauOs2ewoef emit asApr 14 - Mar 15 401,868 Litres 1,064 Tonnes all thePercentage improvement 8 % 8 % policies and procedures FORSAnnual improvement in Fuel used CO2 Emitted. has helped us implement.Van Smart – Case Studies page 55
Case Studies Act professionally - Driving for better business Centrica / British Gas – • New initiatives to manage Grey fleet drivers. Act professionally Work related road safety policy and procedures Key messages included: The Centrica Group HS&E staff has reviewed and comprehensively updated the arrangements • Act professionally and expectations for driving on company • Prepare yourself business. The new strategy is designed to deliver • Stick to the basics a leading road safety incident performance Nature of Operation and Driving Activities which protects people, third parties and the Compliance with the joint Health and Safety environment. This is to be achieved through the Executive/ Department for Transport guidance co-operation and engagement of employees and on “Driving at Work – Managing work-related by applying the same standards and practices for road safety” (HSE INDG 382 09/03) is particularly driving within the commercial fleet to company important and is the basis for the British Gas road car and grey fleet drivers. risk policy. In conjunction with the Fleet team (and in British Gas operates approximately 14,000 consultation with the business), Centrica has vehicles in the United Kingdom and is therefore updated its “Driving on Company Business” very serious about the safety performance of Group standards and guidelines. These introduce its fleet and its impact on the wider society in a higher minimum expectation on all the group which they operate. The road safety programmes businesses globally, for example including: described below are based on the belief that • Expanded definitions of line manager and promoting sound driving practices at work also extends to private driving, which should reduce driver responsibilities. the chances of employees, family members and • Mandatory risk-prioritised training for drivers. people in the local community being injured in • Preventing high risk drivers from driving on vehicle collisions. • Very detailed fuel monitoring and incident company business until their risk is adequately reduced. analysis. • Restrictions on the use of hands-free mobile • Vehicle safety features. phones. • Young driver safety initiative. • More frequent checks on licence, insurance • Electronic driver licence checks. and vehicle roadworthiness (i.e. MOT or • Pre employment driver risk assessment. equivalent) for grey fleet drivers. • Permit to Drive within fleet induction driver Work related road safety guidance for drivers profiling booklet. Two factors shape British Gas guidance for • Continuous road safety business plan. drivers. These are described below: • Electronic Licence Entitlement Checks. British Gas ensures all employees have the appropriate licence, which are visually checked by a driver trainer and then verified electronically with DVLA through the electronic driver licence entitlement check. This ensures no employee can drive unlicensed. • Multi-media Driver Risk Assessment. page 56 Van Smart – Case Studies
British Gas also uses driver risk assessments techniques through text, video and voice. Be Case Studies which are carried out either ‘in-vehicle’ with an Smart assists in reducing the risks associated advanced driving instructor, through a booklet with driving. The intention is that driver completed in a classroom or web based, to development will increase safety when driving by target both engineers and company car drivers, developing knowledge and driving skills. in addition to young drivers. New RecruitsSpecific examples of procedures Each year a large number of new recruits,British Gas has introduced the following work- including young drivers, attend a one day fleetrelated road safety initiatives: induction which consists of:Fuel Monitoring • In-vehicle driver assessment.British Gas has implemented what is probably • Familiarisation with a driver profile booklet.the United Kingdom’s most detailed and • Class room sessions on road safety, fuelcomprehensive fuel monitoring program.Vehicles are subject to fuel data analysis with efficiency, vehicle management and otherfeedback through driver league tables. These, fleet issues.in turn, trigger practical driver development • Eyesight and licence check.based on improving efficiency using safe and fuel • ‘Think’ campaign videos’ to supplement roadefficient driving techniques. British Gas is in a safety issues.unique position within the Fleet industry in the As the complexity of the fleet has increased,United Kingdom as they know the fuel efficiency the fleet induction is now specific to the typeof all types of vehicles currently operating of vehicle driven. As a result of this focus, theand only procure the best performers. As a timings of the driver assessment for large panelresult of this policy, they therefore challenge vans have been increased to concentrate moremanufacturers to produce more fuel-efficient on manoeuvring techniques.engines if they wish to supply vehicles to British British Gas developed a young driver programmeGas. For example, British Gas has negotiated which took in to consideration the fact that, ina contract with Seat to supply 500 new Leon the United Kingdom, although drivers under 25Ecomotives. The eco Leon has a 1.6-litre diesel years old make up only 10 per cent of all drivers,engine emitting 99g/km of CO2. British Gas they are involved in 25 per cent of the road trafficis combining its vehicle collision data with fuel fatalities. The fleet induction process was partlyefficiency data to verify the relationship between inspired the young driver themes from the Roadexcessive fuel use and poor road safety. Safety charity Brake. Young apprentices drivingVehicle Safety Features a van not long after passing their test in a smallVehicle Safety Features are important to British vehicle were particularly vulnerable – and haveGas for sound business reasons. British Gas been successfully identified and targeted as suchdecided to restrict all new British Gas vans to by the British Gas initiative.a maximum speed of 70 mph. The entire fleet Driver Risk Management Systemof commercial vehicles has been fitted with The continuous Driver Risk Management Schemespeed restriction devices. This initiative has (DRMS) is designed to contribute to the companypositively influenced both road safety and fuel objective of reducing Lost Time Injuries (LTI)consumption, reducing the potential for drivers by 25 per cent and actual driving incidents byto be involved in high-speed incidents. All vans 10 per cent. British Gas realised that a totallyalso display a 70 mph maximum speed sticker on new method of identifying and managing thethe rear doors to advise other road users. risks associated with driving was required, if theE-learning Programme company was to continue this improved safetyBritish Gas has implemented a web-based driver trend.development programme, named ‘Be Smart’ DRMS allocates risk points to a combination ofwhich incorporates safe and fuel efficient drivingVan Smart – Case Studies page 57
Case Studies driver related incidents. The output is a system Accident reduction and financial and other for “management” traffic lights for individual benefits drivers who then receive specific interventions, British Gas has authorised a five-year business training or otherwise, appropriate to their case for their occupational road risk policy to perceived risk. DRMS enhances the visibility and cover all employees who travel in the course of management focus on Lost Time Injuries and their employment. The programme is holistic, associated driving incidents. It creates a process innovative, data-led, proactive and a genuine with the ability to remove the right to drive from attempt to contribute to the improvement of drivers whose personal attitude to safety is an road safety in the United Kingdom. There are unacceptably high risk for the business. For those obviously wider benefits associated with this drivers with a zero risk rating, there are incentives programme for the communities in which British and rewards for being safe drivers. Gas operates. The programme covers the Fleet Safety Reviews following: A British Gas employee who is a high risk driver • Risk assessments. may be formally invited to a Fleet Safety Review. • Licence checking. The review takes place with the General Manager; • Training and development of: the Regional Service Manager; the Customer Engineers. Operations Manager; the Service Manager; the Company car drivers. Health, Safety and Environment (HS&E) Adviser, Cash alternative drivers. the Fleet Account manager and their local Safety Casual users. representative. At this meeting a number of Recruits factors are considered: Any driver involved in two or more • Technical safety defects. • Attitude to safety scores. collisions each year. • Personal Accident history (last 12 months). British Gas currently spends approximately • Data from Driver Risk Management System £6.7 million per year on vehicle collisions which includes all own damage and third party costs (driver license plus vehicle claims). within their fleet of 10,200 vans and 1,880 • Assessments of tyre usage; fuel efficiency company cars, as well as £14 million on fuel. (MPG); wing mirror damage; and correct fuel card usage. • Van checks on the day include tyre pressures; tyre condition; and outside/inside van condition. • Driver development; driver monitoring; and any other actions. The Fleet Safety Review board then reaches a decision on the overall risk of the driver to the business and determines an outcome that may include further training requirements for this individual. If further training is recommended, the British Gas employee is required to return to the Fleet Safety Review board after specific driver development activities have been completed to discuss their impact on the individual. page 58 Van Smart – Case Studies
Appendix 1 Appendix 1CompetencyFrameworkVan Smart – Appendix 1 page 59
Key: Vulnerable Environmental Contractual Road Users benefits compliance (VRUs)Name Legal Cost Training referencesJob role compliance savings M = Modular TrainingCompany Safety Good Programme practice T/H = Van Smart toolkit/ Driver Handbook Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement1. Prepare yourself1.1 Fleet Operator Recognition Scheme (FORS) and the role of the driver 1.1.1 To demonstrate Drivers shall state what the FORS driving M1 FORS an awareness of standards policy covers. This shall include: H – Van awareness what FORS is, • Driver responsibilities safety in what it covers in • Safety London terms of driving • Speed limits and our standards and the • Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) cities training options • Actions following breakdowns and collisions available • Safety equipment (where applicable) • Use of in-vehicle technology • Driver fitness and health
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement page 21.2 Company policy and Work Related Road Risk (WRRR) 1.2.1 Driving To show that Drivers shall list both the company driving standards and M1 standards - company policy the WRRR standards and the potential consequences of H1.1 company and WRRR failing to meet them H1.4 policy and standards are WRRR being followed at all times1.3 Safe practices and the law 1.3.1 To demonstrate Drivers shall list the key content of the Highway Code, namely: M1 Driving compliance with standards - the Highway Code • Rules for drivers and motorcyclists H1.2 Highway at all times • General rules/techniques and advice for all drivers and riders Code • Using the road • Road users requiring extra care • Driving in adverse weather conditions • Waiting and parking • Motorways • Breakdowns and incidents • Road works, level crossings and tramways1.4 Urban context and meeting customer needs (contractual requirements and good practice) 1.4.1 To show Drivers shall state the specific operational requirements including: M1 Compliance examples of how with compliance could • Vehicle equipment H1.3 contractual be met on any • Evidence of training requirements given contract • Documentation • Driving standards • Route compliance Drivers shall explain the potential consequences of non-compliance with each of the above operational requirements and the effect(s) this may have on the driver, the company and the customer. Consequences could include formal contractual action, such as: • Refusal of delivery at site
1.4.2 To demonstrate • Driver and/or vehicle site ban M1Awareness an understanding • Financial penalties H1.3of new of how performing • Retention of revenuecontracts in a consistent and • Removal of contractor/supplier from supplier listand the professional • Formal warning or termination of contractimportance manner providesof such market advantage Drivers should be able to state why compliance withcontracts to operational requirements increases the possibility ofthe company winning new work and improves customer satisfaction, including a good record in: • Safety • Vehicle maintenance • Deliveries (on time, in ful) • Low/reducing number of driver endorsements1.4.3 To show how Drivers shall explain the methods of monitoring contractual M1Monitoring performance might requirements. Monitoring methods could include: H1.3against be monitored • Company key performance indicators (KPIs)contractual against any given • Notification from client of non-conformance linkedrequirements contractual requirements with improvement plan1.4.4 To show Drivers should identify changes in streetscape and describe M2Awareness awareness of the factors which make them necessary, including: M3of changing changing streets- • City growth in population, construction activity and traffic H – Vanstreetscape cape and how • Increased demand for goods and services safety in their driving needs • Increase in walking/cycling and how roads are changing London and to accommodate our cities such changes to accommodate this • The rules associated with urban traffic design1.5 Driver licensing and training1.5.1 To demonstrate Drivers shall explain the importance of having an M1Driving that drivers have up-to-date, valid driving licence and the potential H1.5licences up-to-date and valid consequences of not managing endorsements and licences, and the restriction codes effectively, including: licence shows that • Issue of fines (up to £1,000) the driver is entitled • Driving endorsements to drive the specified • Driving ban vehicle page 3
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement1.6 Vehicle awareness training 1.6.1 To ensure all Drivers should: M1 Vehicle vehicles are • List all the vehicle types in the fleet that their category H1.6 awareness operated training competently and of licence entitles them to drive and their usage safely • Describe how to control the vehicle in the environment it was designed for • Explain legal requirements associated with the carriage of waste and dangerous goods (where applicable) • Demonstrate location and correct fitting of the spare wheel, a fire extinguisher and a first aid kit • Understand it is the managers’ responsibility to train drivers and once trained it is the drivers’ responsibility to operate in a competent and safe manner1.7 Fitness to drive To demonstrate The driver shall describe the control measures that could M1 1.7.1 that the driver is be adopted to ensure the creation and maintenance of a H1.7 Fitness, fit, healthy, and healthy, fit and safe state and how health and safety is eLearning health, safe to work and managed in the organisation. safety and meets driver The driver shall state how drink, drugs, illness and fatigue fatigue licence medical all impact negatively on fitness to drive and the potential requirements and consequences of not complying with both legal and good is not impaired practice health management, including driving through drink, infringements. drugs or fatigue The driver shall explain the procedure in place for notifying the line manager of any fitness issues that may affect their entitlement and ability to drive and the circumstances under which they should be referred to a GP. The driver shall state the measures in place to ensure work related road safety is correctly managed and prioritised during all company operations. page 4
1.7.2 To demonstrate Drivers should list and explain: H1.7 Manual the safe lifting of • Correct manual handling techniques in accordance with handling loads, safe lifting M1.8 Driving hours and breaks techniques and the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 H1.8 the use of lifting • Maximum allowable weights aids such as • Available lifting aids and when they should be used M1 trolleys, lift trucks • The potential consequences of injuring themselves or H2.1 and roll cages whenever possible others by not using safe lifting techniques 1.8.1 To demonstrate Drivers should state the rules relating to GB Domestic Driving hours compliance with Drivers’ Hours rules and the EC Working Time Directive and breaks GB Domestic including: Drivers’ Hours • Daily driving limit2. Check your vehicle rules on hours and • Duty time breaks and the EC • Daily duty limit2.1 Vehicle roadworthiness Working Time • Breaks 2.1.1 Directive • Methods of recording drivers’ hours General To show that vehicle vehicles are Drivers shall describe the correct procedures for vehicle inspection maintained to inspections (eg using a daily defect reporting system) and and operate safely, maintenance and the potential consequences of not maintenance legally and servicing the vehicle correctly in line with the - time or efficiently in line manufacturer’s guidelines. mileage with manufacturer’s Drivers should explain the measures in place for checking servicing guidelines, are any vehicle safety equipment. Equipment should be fitted and vehicle regularly serviced correctly and be serviceable. safety and inspected and Drivers should explain the potential consequences of not equipment vehicle safety checking and how this increases the likelihood of maintenance equipment is breakdowns and collisions and how this may have a checked properly on negative impact on the customers’ experience. a daily/weekly basis to ensure serviceability page 5
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation 2.1.2 performance reference & date signature Pre-journey requirement Drivers should explain how and when routine checks are vehicle To demonstrate carried out, the importance of making such checks and the M1 checks what needs to be potential consequences of not carrying them out as an H2.1 (external, checked on, in and inherent part of the maintenance regime. eLearning under the around the vehicle The vehicle should be clean and equipment stowed bonnet and before setting off correctly, safe and securely. Awareness and use of a Nil from driver’s on the journey on Reporting System should be stated. seat) a daily or weekly External checks include: basis and follow • Lights the procedures in • Tyres place to report • Mirrors and remedy any • Oil levels/leaks defects or • Other fluid leaks problems • Bodywork • Load security • Doors are working properly Drivers should be aware of the potential consequences of using an un-roadworthy vehicle including: • Reduced vehicle efficiency • Vehicle breakdown • Impaired operations capability • Loss of business • Increased risk of collisions • Issue of fines • Driving endorsements • Driving ban Under the bonnet checks to include: • Fluid levels • Condition of battery and leads page 6
Drivers should explain the potential consequences of not checking under the bonnet correctly, including: • Reduced vehicle efficiency • Vehicle breakdown • Impaired operations capability Checks to be carried out from the driver’s seat including: • Lights and indicators • Seat belts • Windscreen wipers and washers • Speedometer • Brakes and brake lights2.2 Vehicle safety features To demonstrate Drivers should explain the potential consequences of not M1 2.2.1 Use of the correct use of carrying out such checks. Consequences can include: H2.2 driver aids direct and indirect • Collisions eLearning vision aids fitted to • Issue of fines the vehicle • Driving endorsements Drivers shall describe the different types of driver aids available and their correct usage. These can include: • Use of cameras: front, side and rear • Correct adjustment and use of mirrors The driver shall explain the potential consequences of not using driver aids correctly, including: • Distraction • Loss of concentration • Collisions • Non-conformance with contracts resulting in contract penalties page 7
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement M1 2.2.2 To demonstrate Drivers shall describe the different types of enhanced H2.3 page 8 Enhanced an understanding vehicle safety features fitted to any given vehicle in the vehicle of the types of fleet and what they are used for. These can include: M1 safety enhanced safety H2.4 features features fitted to • Telematics • Speed alert systems any given vehicle • Automobile emergency • Attention assist M1 • Automatic emergency call H2.5 To demonstrate braking technology eLearning that the vehicle is • Lane support systems kept safe and2.3 Vehicle security secure at all times Drivers should identify and explain how to keep the van 2.3.1 and load secure from theft and/or damage, including: Vehicle • Keeping keys on them at all times security • Locking all doors • Closing windows • Ensuring no valuables are left on display • No unauthorised passengers • Leaving in populated areas • Leaving in well lit areas if at night • Alarms The driver should state the potential consequences of not being security conscious, eg theft and damage to the vehicle.2.4 Safe loads and safe loading 2.4.1 To show how to The driver should explain: Loading, load and unload a • How to safely load and unload a vehicle carrying and vehicle safely, and • The use of any restraints and aids unloading how hazardous or • The issues related to the carrying of hazardous loads goods safely abnormal loads The driver should also explain the potential consequences of: can be carried • Overloading safely • Unsecure loading and unloading • Not carrying the correct documentation and signage for hazardous goods • Not having the correct training
3. Plan your journey3.1 Route planning/scheduling3.1.1 To show how to Drivers should explain the need for journey scheduling for M1Journey load a vehicle in different shift patterns, including the loading of the vehicle H3.1schedule the correct drop in the correct drop order and the potential consequences order and execute of not doing so, including: M1 the correct journey • Wasting time sorting deliveries at drop-off point H3.1 schedule • Leaving load unsupervised while looking for correct eLearning3.1.2 To demonstrate delivery item(s)Route the correct route • Making an incomplete deliveryplanning plan to site Driver should state the most efficient, safe and appropriate routes to a given site, the reasons they are safe and appropriate and the potential consequences of deviating from them, including: • Late delivery • Speeding • Penalties for using unauthorised routes (as stated in a contract) • Reduced customer satisfaction3.2 Legal loading and unloading3.2.1 To demonstrate Drivers should explain how to avoid penalty charges. M1Legal loading compliance with This should include a knowledge of: H3.2and the correct parking • Using designated loading bays, parking bays and eLearningunloading and stopping procedures and pavement parking restrictions at any • Road markings such as double or single yellow lines, given site loading and unloading kerb markings • Red routes; what they are and the rules that apply to them • The parking restrictions that apply when arriving at a given site • The correct procedures for stopping at any given site and why they exist page 9
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement Drivers should also explain the potential consequences of loading and/or unloading at inappropriate areas, for example: M1 page 103.3 Anti-idling and fuel efficiency • Penalty Charge Notices (PCN) and/or vehicle H3.4 3.3.1 To demonstrate clamping/removal M1 Driving fuel efficiency • Creating congestion H3.4 standards - measures • Creating blind spots for vehicles and VRUs fuel efficient • Causing VRUs to change course into the road driving • Vehicle damage • Irate drivers Drivers should explain the benefits of being fuel efficient, eg financial and environmental. Drivers should explain techniques for fuel efficient driving, namely: • No harsh braking • Effective use of gears • Smooth acceleration • Not carrying excess weight • Use of cruise control 3.3.2 To demonstrate Drivers should describe (as described in the Mayor’s Air Anti-idling an understanding Quality Strategy): of the correct • The negative effects that idling has on health and the techniques to be adopted to reduce environment fuel usage and • Anti-idling technologies pollution and • Anti-idling techniques improve air quality • Ways of reducing idling, eg turning off the engine during loading/unloading, when parked or when in a traffic jam • How the use of anti-idling techniques and technologies can affect fuel usage and emissions • Company policy relating to anti-idling and the potential consequences of not adhering to the policy
3.4 Efficient record keeping To demonstrate Drivers should provide accurate reports in order for driver M1 3.4.1 continuous performance to be monitored. Such monitoring allows for H3.5 Monitoring improvement continuous improvement. This includes: performance To demonstrate • Operational efficiency/productivity M2 a knowledge of the • Non-conformance H4.14. Stick to the basics speed restrictions • Road safety eLearning on single/dual • Walkaround checks and defect reporting4.1 Stick to the basics carriageways, • Fuel usage 4.1.1 motorways and • Tyre usage Speed limits built-up areas Drivers shall identify the different speed restrictions on UK roads and explain the potential consequences of speeding, including: • Collisions with other road users • Fixed penalty notice • Prosecution4.1.2 To demonstrate Drivers shall explain that passengers: M2Safety for safety equipment • May need to be authorised H4.2you and your is present and • Should only be carried where a seat and restraint ispassengers procedures are followed for the provided safe carrying of • Must wear seat belts to reduce the risk of death or passengers serious injury and know that it is a legal requirement Drivers shall list first aid and safety equipment that should be on board, operational or fit for purpose and used as necessary, namely: • Seat belts – always worn • First aid kit – items replaced if used • High vis jacket • Camera • Warning triangle (reminder never to use on motorways) page 11
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement 4.1.3 To demonstrate Drivers shall state the correct procedures for using in-vehicle M2 Mobile the correct technology including mobile devices, eg: H4.3 phones and procedures for • Finding a safe place to stop to pick up messages and eLearning in-vehicle using in-vehicle technology technology return calls • Setting up satellite navigation before beginning the journey • Making sure devices are installed so as not to obscure driver view The driver shall explain the potential consequences of using mobile devices while driving, including: • Collisions • Fixed penalty notice • Prosecution 4.1.4 To demonstrate Drivers shall state the importance of not using mobile M2 Distractions the importance of devices, eating, drinking, smoking, listening to loud music H4.4 whilst driving concentration and or arguing with passengers while driving and ensure this is avoidance of avoided at all times. distractions while The driver shall explain the potential consequences of driving demonstrating such behaviour while driving, including: • Collisions • Prosecution • Fixed penalty notice • Court prosecution page 12
4.1.5 To demonstrate Drivers shall explain: M2Tailgating an understanding • What tailgating is; why it is dangerous; and how to avoid H4.5 of what tailgating is and ensure it is doing it or being a victim of it prevented at all • The importance of maintaining a safe distance, allowing times adequate time for braking and reducing the risk of jack knifing Drivers shall explain the potential consequences of tailgating, including: • Collision • Fixed on-the-spot penalties • Injury • Causing stress to other road users • Vehicle damage5. Consider others To demonstrate Drivers should: M2 safety awareness • List the types of VRUs (eg pedestrians, cyclists, powered M35.1 Sharing the road safely of all VRUs H5.1 5.1.1 To demonstrate two wheelers, children, the elderly and disabled people) eLearning Vulnerable an understanding • Describe what makes a road user ‘vulnerable’ road user of issues that • Recognise the places where there may be high M3 awareness cyclists face and H5.1 what it is like riding concentrations of VRUs and the importance of 5.1.2 a bike in heavy route planning Changing traffic with limited • Explain why some VRUs may be unaware of you, your perspectives visibility vehicle and the potential risks it poses - van drivers switch Drivers should be able to: places with • Demonstrate control of a bike cyclists • Demonstrate where to ride on the road and the use and limitations of cycle infrastructure • Tackle challenging roads and traffic situations • Demonstrate how and when to pass queuing traffic page 13
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation 5.1.3 performance reference & date signature Understanding requirement Drivers should be able to: VRU To demonstrate • Identify and react to hazardous road surfaces M2 behaviours an understanding • Use the experience of having cycled in moving traffic to M3 of the way VRUs H5.1 behave improve driving standards and consideration for others6. Act professionally To demonstrate Drivers should: M2 professional and • Explain the hazards of driving on urban roads and M36.1 Professionalism courteous H6.1 behaviour at all sharing the road with VRUs eLearning 6.1.1 times • Explain the benefits of demonstrating professional Sharing the roads safely behaviour and attitude to avoid conflict with other with others road users through • Explain how to avoid conflict with and deal with professional aggression from other road users and • Explain the importance of space, road position, courteous signalling and eye contact behaviour6.2 Procedures To demonstrate Drivers should explain the good practice reporting H6.2 6.2.1 the good practice procedure (where applicable) when arriving at a given site eLearning Reporting reporting and the potential consequences of not following the procedures procedure at any correct procedure. given site 6.2.2 To demonstrate Drivers should explain the correct delivery procedures Delivery the correct when delivering to a given site and the potential procedures delivery procedure consequences of not following them. at any given site This should include hazard awareness, eg opening doors on passing VRUs when using on-street parking. page 14
6.2.3 To demonstrate Drivers should state what documentation is required M2Paperwork that the correct when delivering to or collecting from a given site and the H6.36.2.4 documentation is potential consequences of not being able to present theDebriefing carried, presented correct documentation. H6.4 and completed according to Drivers should state company policy and procedure M2 specific site regarding driver debriefing. This will incorporate the H6.5 requirements following: To demonstrate • Drivers’ hours record keeping effective driver • Complaints received during the shift debriefing • Collisions or incidents that occurred during the shift • The roadworthiness of the vehicle6.3 Hazard perception and anticipation • Driving offences and the measures taken to prevent6.3.1 To demonstrate recurrenceSharing the defensive and • The consequences of non-complianceroads safely advanced practical • The signing and dating of the driver letterwith others driving skillsthrough Drivers should:applying • Conduct a hazard perception commentary of a busydefensivedriving urban streettechniques • Describe hazard types and explain the hazard drill • List the techniques of defensive and advanced driving page 15
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement Drivers should state weather conditions that can increase 6.3.2 To demonstrate driving hazards, namely: M2 Anticipation an awareness of • Fog H6.5 and reaction adverse weather • Snow to adverse conditions that • Ice weather can impact on • Rain conditions safe driving • Extreme heat • Winter sun 6.3.3 To demonstrate M2, M3 Anticipating an awareness of Drivers should explain how to mitigate them and react to H6.5 road and the potential worsening weather conditions, including: eLearning traffic hazards in • Risk assessment; don’t drive if you don’t need to conditions in residential areas • Use of winter tyres page 16 residential that can impact • Changing journey planner areas and on safe driving • Driving at lower speeds factors and directly or • Increased use of mirrors directly or indirectly affect • Use of lights and fog lights (wipers on, lights on) indirectly driving styles • Awareness of VRUs threading through traffic affecting driving styles Drivers should state the potential hazards in residential areas that can impact on safe driving, including: • Vehicles emerging from junctions • Car doors opening • Vehicles moving off or coming out of driveways • VRUs • Children running out from between parked cars or playing at the side of the road • Animals running into the road
Drivers should explain how to mitigate them, including: • Changing journey planner • Driving at lower speeds • Increased use of mirrors • Use of lights and fog lights • Awareness of VRUs’ potential behaviour, eg threading through traffic Drivers should describe the factors which directly or indirectly affect their driving style including: • Pedestrian zones • 20mph zones • Cycle routes • Speed bumps • Chicanes • School time • Built up areas • Rising bollards6.4 Emergency situation and reporting6.4.1 To show measures Drivers shall state the contributing factors that increase H6.6Preventing that can be taken the risk of incidents occurring including:incidents to help prevent • Poorly maintained vehicles frequently breaking downbefore they incidents beforehappen they happen or requiring repair • Excessive driving hours • High mileage on vehicles • Poor incident history • Insufficient breaks • Fuel inefficiency • Non-essential activities that can be reduced or eliminated • Frequency of being caught in traffic that can result in driver frustration • Excessive work loads • Inexperienced or young drivers and drivers requiring additional training page 17
Task Topic Learner Underpinning knowledge Training Trained Managercategorisation performance reference & date signature requirement 6.4.2 To demonstrate Drivers shall state the correct procedure to follow when H6.6 Dealing what to do in the involved in an incident or an emergency, namely: effectively event of incidents, • Stop in a safe place to minimise future risk and with traffic collisions, incidents, near misses or switch off engine traffic emergencies • Ensure adequate warning to other road users to collisions, near misses minimise risk or • Get appropriate help emergencies • Ensure passenger safety and load security Drivers shall state the correct procedure to follow after an incident, traffic collision or near miss and why such a procedure should be carried out, including: • Recording, investigation and analysis • Implementation of actions to address any lessons learned • Identification of trends • Assessment of driver and vehicle before returning to the road Explain the reasons behind the necessity for a full and thorough investigation and analysis through to implementing lessons learned: • Defence • Reduced insurance premium or reduced payout • Prove innocence • Prove contributory negligence • Maintain reputation • Highlight worst offenders and take action page 18
6.4.3 To demonstrate Drivers shall state the correct procedure to follow when H6.5Dealing what to do in the a breakdown occurs, namely:safely and event of • Stop in a safe place to minimise future riskeffectively breakdowns • Ensure adequate warning is given to other road users towithbreakdowns minimise risk by wearing high vis and using warning triangle • Get appropriate help and call 999 if an emergency • Ensure passenger safety and that load and vehicle are secure • Notify your transport office as soon as it is safe to do so Drivers shall explain the potential consequences of not following the correct procedure, including: • Risk of collision and/or injury • Recurring breakdowns • Incomplete/delayed journey page 19
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