Moral Psychology, Volume 2

Index to Volume 3 581 and perception, 403 Scanlon, T. M., 97, 98, 99, 100, 116, and rationality, 389 414, 415, 417n1 relatives, 301, 303, 321 religion(s) Schaich Borg, J., 159, 165–171, 166, Catholicism, 160 168–170, 169, 171 and cosmic concern, 250, 287 and love, 73 Schelling, T., 48 and moral standards, 308 schizophrenia, 120, 167 religiosity, 321 Schnall, S., 58 remorse science, 67, 250, 307 apologies, 375, 386, 393n2, 393n6 scientific methodology, 19–21 brain region, 186, 364 Scott, E., 353, 354, 356 respect, 73, 95–97, 100 second-order representations, 329 response-dependence, 75 self responsibility, 364 and agency, 245 retribution, 50, 70, 78n6, 98, 358n3 and autism, 238 reward, 10, 21 body state, 329–333 Richler, J., 279 deontologic view, 72–74 rightness, 357, 397 diachronic awareness, 251, 261 See also wrongness and enlightenment, 267 rights, 68, 74 and moral standards, 298 Rilling, J., 54 and others, 231, 234, 271, 312, 321, risk-taking, 334, 338, 353 Ritov, I., 51 416, 426 rituals, 287 and psychopaths, 176, 203, 235 Robinson, J. L., 348 social position awareness, 303 Rogan, M. T., 363 third-party perspective, 334, 356 Roper v. Simmons, 358n3 understanding, 261, 267, 288, Roskies, A., 178–189, 190n7, 192, 193, 299–305 self-characterization, 72–74, 297, 300, 207–215, 218, 220, 221, 224n2, 303–305, 312, 322 225n4, 225n5, 225n6, 383, 385, 386, self-conscious emotions, 3t, 331–333, 387 339, 346, 355 Ross, W. D., 94, 96, 101 self-control. See behavior; inhibition; Rozin, P., 56 self-regulation self-defense, 29 sacrifice, 288 self-enhancement, 312, 321, 338 sadism, 269 self-esteem, 9, 13, 14, 26 See also torture self-interest, 249, 270, 289, 307, 416 sadness, 248 selfishness, 157, 390 Sanfey, A., 54 self-organization, 237 Satin, 396, 422 self-reactive attitudes, 249 satisfaction, 311–312 self-regulation, 27 Savin-Williams, R. C., 338 Selman, R. L., 334, 335, 346 Semin, G. R., 27 sensation-seeking, 354

582 Index to Volume 3 sensibility theory, 75, 190n6 skin conductance See also moral sensibility and amygdala, 127 sentimentalism and motivation, 188, 198–201, 221, definition, 173 225n5, 385 and deontology, 102 and psychopaths, 136 and justification principle, 407n10 and ventromedial frontal cortex, 178, and psychopathy, 178, 219, 265 versus rationalism, 259, 282, 403–405 187, 200, 225n5 and reason, 104n13, 406n2 Small, D. A., 48, 49, 50, 53 See also emotions; intuition(s) Smetana, J. G., 315, 344 Serbs, 368 Smith, Adam, 1, 41, 307 serotonin, 9 Smith, M., 179, 190n7, 193, 218, 220, sexual abuse, 300 sexual experimentation, 57, 66 225n3, 225n6, 381–384, 389, 393n5, Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., 276, 294 396, 397, 399, 404–405, 420 shame Snidman, N., 309, 311 and adolescents, 355 Sobel, D., 413, 417n1 brain region, 14 social categories, 303–307, 312, 314, in children, 300, 322 322 and dominance, 9 social cognition, 6, 277–280, 303 versus embarrassment, 3 social concern, 268–272 and moral behavior, 304 social cues and self-esteem, 14, 26 and autism, 243, 244 and temperament, 309 brain regions, 7, 16, 222 Sidgwick, H., 417 social-domain theory, 314 Sifferd, K. L., 366 social emotions, 32 simple motivation internalism, 380, social good, 63, 65 382–385, 392n5, 393n6 social interaction simulation theory, 9 and adolescents, 334 Sinclair, J., 235 and autism, 235, 244, 246, 267, 280 Singer, P., 46, 75, 116, 389, 390, 400– egocentrism versus allocentrism, 402, 413, 417 278 single photon-emission tomography feedback effect, 367 (SPECT), 143 and moral reasoning, 368 Sinno, S., 314 nurturance model, 411 Sinnott-Armstrong, W., 103n5, 104n16, and third-party behavior, 249 159, 160, 392, 406n2, 421 See also obedience social judgment, 222 situations social norms, 12–15, 21, 27, 251 context, 222 social order discrepant, 309, 322 and agency, 251–254 emotivist view, 376 and autism, 253 moral recognition, 181, 194, 201, and conventions, 276 208–210, 222, 225n6 desire to conform, 268–271 and response, 90n1 egalitarianism, 304, 306 and evolution, 250, 261, 286

Index to Volume 3 583 hierarchy, 8, 157, 370 Swick, D., 125 and moral emotions, 252, 286 sympathy, 228, 255n2, 331 and punishment, 286 See also compassion; empathy; pity social position systemizing, 279 and adolescents, 335–339, 367–368 and autism, 253 Tangney, J. P., 2, 3 and awe, 16 taste, 376 and children, 303, 322 Taylor, J. H., 337 and contempt/disgust, 15 TCA. See true community antisocials emerging awareness, 303 teacups case, 108 media effect, 305 television, 305, 308 and moral agency, 251, 286 temperament, 308–311, 317, 321 and obedience, 268–271, 288 temporal lobes and psychopaths, 254, 270 and adolescence, 365 See also dominance and compassion, 16 sociobiology, 307 and dementia, 110 socioeconomic status, 57, 166 and development, 365 sociolinguistics, 376, 388, 416 and disgust, 15 sociopathy, xv, 124, 188, 383, 385 and embarrassment, 14 Sokolov, E. N., 137 and frontal cortex, 365 somatic marker, 329, 345 and intentionality, 160 spatial perception, 278, 290 and moral judgment, 4 Stalin, J., 43 and psychopathy, 126–129, 135, 140– Stanford prisoner experiment, 269, 288 142, 141f, 145 startle response, 128, 143 theft, 374 Steinburg, L., 353, 354, 356 theory development, 19–21 stereotypes, 6, 40, 314 theory of mind, 9, 28, 238, 292 Stich, S., 202 third-party behavior, 249 Strawson, P. F., 249 third-party emotions, 411, 416 structured event complex (SEC), 10 third-party perspective, 334, 356 Stuss, D. T., 183 third-party well-being, 250, 252, 256n6, submission, 8 suffering 307, 311, 389 and action, 425 See also altruism; suffering distant, 46–48, 76 third-person, 181–183, 193, 220 and ethics, 409–414 Thomson, J. J., 39, 42, 68, 88 and justificatory rationalism, 401– time. See reaction time 403 Timmons, M., 104n14, 114–117 and moral norms, 425 Tolhurst, W., 206n3 of others, 426 Tomb, I., 225n5 superior temporal sulcus (STS), 4, 10– torture 12, 13, 14, 16 Abu Ghraib, 369 surveys, 382, 398, 420 by adolescent girls, 323, 340, 343, 346, 351, 366, 370 and obedience, 370

584 Index to Volume 3 Tranel, D., 187, 196, 339, 383 as projection, 410 Trevethan, S. D., 176, 203 and suffering, 401, 425 trolley problem Van Horn, J., 159 consequentialist view, 39, 42, 65 Vartanian, L. R., 333, 334 deontology view, 74 Veague, H. B., 364 and do and allow, 160 vegetarianism, 287 and double effect, 160 Veit, R., 136 and emotions, 68, 111 Velleman, D., 261 versus footbridge dilemma, 107 Venables, P. H., 138 and intuition, 70, 84–87, 86f, 99, 106, ventral striatum, 16, 21, 144 ventromedial frontal cortex 110 age factors, 186, 198 neuroimaging study, 106 and behavior, 184–188, 192, 221 and (im)personality, 41–44 and externalism, 204, 218 and psychopathology, 110 and moral judgment, 178, 182–189, variations, 82, 108, 112 196–201, 218, 225n5 true community antisocials (TCAs), and moral reasoning, 183, 192, 221 155–157, 156t and remorse, 186 trust, 54 and skin conductance, 178, 187, 200, truths conceptual, 382, 396, 398 225n5 and justificatory rationalism, 422 and social judgment, 222 mathematical, 394n8 and sociopathy, 188, 383 See also moral truths ventromedial prefrontal cortex Turiel, E., 231, 267 damage, 195 and psychopathy, 151, 364 uncertainty and temperament, 310, 318, 321 and behavior, 304, 322 vicarious distress brain area, 309, 319 and Asperger’s syndrome, 278 and consonance, 298 and autism, 253, 256n7, 266, 293–295 and temperament, 309 in children, 301, 322 the unexpected, 309 versus empathy, 255n2, 256n7 universal order. See cosmic concern versus obedience, 269 Urbach-Wiethe disease, 126 and psychopaths, 231 utilitarian(ism), 65, 91, 107–108, and psychopathy versus autism, 259 110–111, 114, 116–117, 412 victims See also consequentialism identifiable versus statistical, 43, 48– Valdesolo, P., 111 50, 53, 76 value(s) pianos as, 263 ascription of, 263 viewing pictures, 187, 199, 200, 274 and fear, 32 violations nonnormative, 261 and autism, 276, 293 normative, 261 and behavior control, 362 child view, 299, 301, 322

Index to Volume 3 585 components, 276 Williamson, S. E., 170 cultural factors, 12 Wilson, T. D., 61 faux pas, 276, 294, 296n2 wrongness harmless, 57, 78n8 versus bad, 276 media effect, 305 emotivist view, 376 of moral versus conventional rules, “gut” feelings, 324 and intuition, 36, 63, 83 276 (see also conventions) and juvenile justice system, 357 (im)personal nature, 44, 106, 109 and psychopathology, 362 Yamaguchi, S., 141 and rationality, 380, 400 Young, L., 111, 196 and reaction time, 109 of social norms, 12, 13, 14, 15, 21, 27 Zahn, R., 151 by TCAs, 156 Zimbardo, P., 269, 368 of trust, 54 violence by adolescent girls, 323, 340, 343, 346, 351, 366, 370 (im)personal, 43 and psychopathy, 155 statistical improbability, 367, 370 and ventromedial frontal cortex, 186 violence inhibition mechanism (VIM), 276 virtue and ideal versus action, 298 and peer group, 338 and social category, 303–307, 312, 314, 321 virtue ethics, 75 viscera, 330, 339, 346, 362 voice, 177, 203 Waddington, C. H., 339 Walker, L. J., 176, 203, 337 Wallace, J., 175 wealth, 45–47, 76, 116, 306 westernization, 56–58, 78n9 Whalen, P. J., 321 Wheatley, T., 58 Wheelwright, S., 279 will, weakness of, 381 Williams, B., 412 Williamson, S., 134