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The Body System By: Aryan Chaubey

Skin . Hard Integumentary System Dry Yellow function: Integumentary system is the system compromising of the skin, hair and nails. Redness Louse Vocab: Nail ● Dermis - connective tissue Fungus ● Epidermis - outer layer skin Hair ● Hypodermis - is a layer directly before the dermis Fat ● Keratin - A fiber protein that is principal component of high,skin, and nails. Wrinkle ● Callus - a thickened portion of the skin. white ● Melanin - A pigment that gives skin color. ● Nails - covers and protects the dorsal skin ● Sebum - Fatty secretion produced by the sebaceous glands ● Acne - Disease of the sebaceous glands. ● Hair - hair roots is in the dermis. Disease/Disorders : Acne: inflammation of sebaceous gland in skin Sunburn: redness caused by ultraviolet rays of sun Skin cancer: neoplasm of the skin Melanoma: malignant tumor associated with skin tumor Healthcare Careers : Cosmetologists Plastic Surgeons:

Musculoskeletal System Function: Musculoskeletal system is the system compromising of bone and muscle. Vocabulary: Muscle ● Epiphysis - ends of the long bone Bone Marrow ● Bone Marrow - material found in the cavities of bones Bone ● Mandible - lower jawbone Rib ● Meniscus - cartilage found in the knee Skull ● Smooth Muscle - located in internal organs. Surgical fixation ● Skeletal Muscles - muscles voluntary moved Cartilage ● Cardiac Muscle - forms the outer wall of the heart Joint ● Tendon - band of fibrous tissue Paralysis ● Ligament - flexible and tough band of fibrous tissue Movement ● Pelvic Bones - located in the pelves Disease/disorders : Muscular Dystrophy: condition caused by progressive weakening of the muscle Tendinosis: is degeneration of the tendons collagen in response of chronic overuse Fibromyalgia: a chronic disorder characterized by musculoskeletal pain in localized areas Cardiomyopathy: chronic disease of the heart muscle. Healthcare careers : Chiropractor: a practitioner who specializes in the treatment of the misaligned joints. Physician: a practicioner who specializes in medicine and musculoskeletal treatments

Nervous System Nerve Brain Definition: Nervous system is the system compromising of the controls of the nerve impulses on the body. Bone Marrow Walking Vocabulary: Sensation ● CNS - central nervous system Meninges ● PNS - peripheral nervous system Mind ● SNS - somatic nervous system Shaken toget ● Endorphins - natural pain killers ● neurotransmitters - help transmit signals across the body ● Sensory - sensory receptors transmitting throughout the body ● Motors - sensory impulses transmitted throughout the body. ● Neuralgia - smaller neuron cells ● Neuron - structural main units of transmission of the nervous system ● Axon hillock - cone shaped part of the cell body. Diseases : Alzheimer's: Progressive degeneration of the brain Stroke: Causing to faint due to shortness of hydration Parkinson's: A progressive disease of the nervous system marked by a tremor Epilepsy: a neurological disorder caused by sudden sensory disturbance Healthcare careers : Neurologist: A specialist in the anatomy of the nervous system Psychiatrists: A medical practicioner who specialize in treating mental illnesses

Special Senses Iris Hearing Definition: Special senses are specific organs oriented towards a specific sense. Condition of eye Ear Vocabulary: Eardrum ● Eyelids - protects the eyes anteriorly Eye ● Pink Eye - infectious form of the conjunctiva measurement ● Septum - cartilage and bones mainly covering the mucous membranes ● External Nostrils - two chambers divided by the septum ● Eardrum - Vibrates to create sound waves ● External ear - Collects sound waves ● Mucosa - pink tissue that covers the tongue ● Taste buds - covers the tongue and is what gives the ability to taste ● Optical Tracts fiber tracts resulting from the optic chiasma ● Myopia - Nearsightedness Disease/disorders : Anosmia: the loss of the sense of smell Ageusia: the loss of taste Hyposmia: loss of smell Hypogeusia: reductioned ability to taste things Healthcare careers : Ophthalmologist: specialist in diseases of the eye Optometrist: a person who practices optometry

Cardiovascular System Heart Vessals Function: Transports oxygen and nutrients to the body Blood Slow ● Aorta: largest artery in the body Fast ● Arteriole: small artery Clot ● Artery: largest type of blood vessel, carries blood away from heart Condition of Blood ● Atrium: one of two upper chambers of the heart White ● Capillary: smallest blood vessel Red ● Endocardium: inner lining of the heart Artery ● Mitral valve:valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle ● Pericardium: double-layered membrane surrounding the heart ● Vein: vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart ● Ventricle: one of two lower chambers of the heart ● Aneurysm: a weakness in the wall of an artery Diseases/disorders ● Angina pectoris: pain in the chest and left arm due to insufficient blood in heart muscle ● Angioma: tumour of blood vessels, usually capillaries ● Arrhythmia: abnormal rhythm of the heart Careers ● cardiac surgeon: specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of patients with diseases of the heart and lungs. ● cardiologist: diagnose, treat and manage the patient's condition.

Respiratory System ● bronch/o - bronchus ● cyan/o - blue Function: This system helps your body absorb oxygen from the air so your organs can work ● laryng/o - larynx ● -oxia - oxygen nostrils:take in air ● Oxy- oxygen hard palette: separates nasal passage from the mouth cavity and prevents punctures ● pleur/o - pleura ● pneum/o - lung ● pulmon/o - lung ● thorac/o - chest ● trache/o - throat larynx:voice box; vibrates and creates sound trachea:pipeline that transports air Bronchioles: branch off the bronchi and transport air soft palette:aids in swallowing and prevents food from going down the trachea naso pharynx: transports air Epiglottis: top of the trachea, closes it off when needed Glottis: opening of the trachea Bronchi: goes directly to the lungs and branches off; transports air into the lungs Diseases/Disorders Asthma: a chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing, coughing and wheezing allergic rhinitis: an allergic reaction to airborne allergerns that causes an increased flow of mucus Influenza: an acute, highly contagious viral respiratory infection, spread by respiratory droplets, that occur mostly during colder months Diphtheria: an acute infectious disease of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the presence of diphtheria bacteria Pharyngitis: an inflammation of the pharynx Careers Pulmonologist: physicians specially trained to treat diseases and conditions of the chest respiratory therapist: work with patients who have breathing or other cardiopulmonary disorders

Digestive System Gallbladder Intestine The function of the digestive system is digestion and absorption. Digestion is the Colon breakdown of food into small molecules, which are then absorbed into the body. Liver Stomach ● Teeth: To cut, tear and grind food. Mouth ● Epiglottis: To block food and water from entering the pharynx. Digestion ● Liver: To filter toxins from blood and it makes bile. Bile ● Gallbladder: To store and release bile into the small intestine. rectum ● Large Intestine (Colon): To absorb water and then to pass useless waste from the body. ● Salivary Glands: To produce saliva which breaks down carbohydrates (starch) ● Tongue: To push food to the back of the mouth prior to swallowing. ● Esophagus: To force food from the throat into the stomach. ● Stomach: To chemically and mechanically digest food and to turn food into chyme so the body can digest it. ● Pancreas:To produce digestive juices that are released into the small intestine. ○ Diseases ● Hematochezia: Bright red blood in feces ● Diarrhea: Frequent watery stools ● Jejunum: 2nd section of the small intestine ● Achlorydria: Absence of hydrochloric acid ● Defecate: To have a bowel movement Careers ● Gastroenterologist: a physician who specializes in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract ● Hepatologist: a specialist in the study of the liver





Sources ● https://www.g-wonlinetextbooks.com/introduction-medical-terminology-2017/ ● https://www.mheducation.com/highered/category.10124.medical-terminology.html?page=1&sortby =relevance&order=desc&bu=he ● Medical terminology Notebook