Medical Terminology Review

​ M​ edical Terminology Review of Body Systems   ​ B​ y: Natalia Pastor-Navarro  2A                    

  Table of Contents   Integumentary System  Musculoskeletal System  Nervous System  Special Senses System   Cardiovascular System   Respiratory System  Digestive System  Urinary System  Reproductive System   

Integumentary System       Key Terms-  Derm/o- skin  Derm/a - skin  Kerat/o- hard, horn-shaped tissue; cornea  Xer/o- dry  Xanth/o - yellow  Erythr/o - red  Pedicu/o- fingernail or toneail  Onych/o - nail  Myc/o - fungus  Pil/o - hair; hair follicle  Lip/o - fat  Albin/o - white  Rhytid- wrinkle    Functions-  Skin-   Protection- covers body and acts as a physical barrier  Body temperature maintenance - perspiration (regulate body internal temperature)  Excretion - during perspiration sweat glands flush small amounts of waste products  Perception of stimuli - skin contains a large number of nerve endings and receptors that  detect stimuli related to temperature, touch, pressure, and pain  Vocabulary-  1.)  Gland- cell, or a group of cells that secretes select substances within or out of the body  2.)  Sebaceous glands - located in the dermal layer of the skin over the entire body except palms  and soles. Sebaceous glands secret an oily substance called sebum, which contains lipids.  3.) Epidermis- forms the outermost layer of skin and is made up of keratin ( a fibrous water  repellent protein).   4.) Dermis -lies directly below the epidermis. The dermis is made up of connective tissue,  blood and lymphatic tissue, nerve fibers, fair follicles, and sebaceous and sweat glands.  5.) Collagen- a fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, and tendons. 

6.) subcutaneous layer - is the deepest layer of the skin and below the dermis. This layer  connects the skin to surface muscles.  7.) Lipid- a group of organic compounds taht consists of fat, are greasy to touch, and are  insoluble. Lipids librate the skin and and minizme water loss.   8.) Melanin- is responsible for the skin pigmentation or color.   9.)Hair follicles - are tiny secretory cavities where hair grows.  10.) Basal layer - makes up the deepest layer of the epidermis. The layer is constantly growing  and and multpiying, with younger cells pushing old cells to the surface.             Diseases + Disorder -     1. Acne - i​nflammatory disorder of the sebacous glands that produces pimples on the  skin  2. Keloid- An abnormally raised, thickened scar  3. Albinism- An inherited condition that prevents the normal production of melanin,  resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair  4. Psoriasis- chronic disease marked by itch, erythematous skin with silvery patches.   5. Tinea- skin infection caused by fungus   6. Ulcer- A open sore/ erosion of the skin lining of the mucous membrane   7. Wart- a small, hard, benign skin growth caused by a v​irus usually b a  papillomavirus  8. Autograft- surgical transition of tissue from one part of a patients body to another  part of the same body  9. Cauterization - destruction of tissue through the application of heat, cold, or an  electrical current   10. Mohs Surgery - Surgical method of treating skin cancer. Thin tumerous layers are  successively removed and examined under microscope  11. Antifungal- drug used to fight off fungal infections, such as athletes foot and  ringworm  12. Corticosteroid- drug used to treat skin conditions link to autoimmune disease   13. Liposuction- use of suction during surgery to remove fat below the skin