Green Clean and Contemporary Employee Handbook Training Manual Booklet

BADMINTON Hand book

HISTORY badminton, court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock. Historically, the shuttlecock (also known as a “bird” or “birdie”) was a small cork hemisphere with 16 goose feathers attached and weighing about 0.17 ounce (5 grams). These types of shuttles may still be used in modern play, but shuttles made from synthetic materials are also allowed by the Badminton World Federation. The game is named for Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England, where it was first played about 1873. The roots of the sport can be traced to ancient Greece, China, and India, and it is closely related to the old children’s game battledore and shuttlecock. Badminton is derived directly from poona, which was played by British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s. The first unofficial all-England badminton championships for men were held in 1899, and the first badminton tournament for women was arranged the next year. The Badminton World Federation (BWF; originally the International Badminton Federation), the world governing body of the sport, was formed in 1934. Badminton is also popular in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. The BWF’s first world championships were held in 1977. A number of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several countries. The best-known of these is the All-England Championships. Other well-known international tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men’s team competition and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women’s team competition. badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it became a full-medal Olympic sport, with competition for men’s and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two). Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games. Competitive badminton is usually played indoors because even light winds affect the course of the shuttlecock. (Recreational badminton, on the other hand, is a popular outdoor summertime activity.) The rectangular court is 44 feet (13.4 metres) long and 17 feet (5.2 metres) wide for singles, 20 feet (6.1 metres) wide for doubles. A net 5 feet (1.5 metres) high stretches across the width of the court at its centre. A clear space of 4 feet (1.3 metres) around the court is needed. Play consists entirely of volleying— hitting the shuttlecock back and forth across the net without letting it touch the floor or ground within the boundaries of the court.

COURT DIMENSIONS The badminton court is 13.4m long and 6.1m Net wide. For singles the court is marked 5.18m wide. The lines marking out the court are easily The net is 760mm in depth distinguishable and coloured white or yellow. The and a minimum of 6.1m lines are 40mm wide. wide. A court may be marked out for singles only. The The top of the net from the back boundary lines also become the long service surface of the court is 1.524m lines and the posts or the strips of material at the centre of the court and representing them are placed on the side lines. 1.55m over the side lines for doubles. The diagonal full length of the full court is 14.366m. Posts There must be no gaps between the ends of the net and the The posts are 1.55m high from the posts. If necessary, the full surface of the court and remain depth of the net at the ends is vertical when the net is strained. tied to the posts. The posts are placed on the double side pn lines irrespective of whether singles or doubles is played. The posts or supports must not extend into the court beyond the side lines. Where it is not practicable to have posts on the side lines, some method can be used to indicate the position of the side lines where they pass under the net, eg by the use of thin posts or strips of material 40mm wide, fixed to the side lines and rising vertically to the net cord.

EQUIPMENT badminton racket shuttlecock net badminton attire badminton shoes pn

BASIC SKILLS GRIP The grip in badminton is all about the correct way of holding the racket, in order for the participant to be able to play each shot effectively in their game Not having the correct grip on the racket can mean that the participant may struggle to hit some shots back successfully. For example they may not be able to get enough power in it, in order to perform an effective smash shot. SERVING There are two main serves in badminton with these being the high and the low serve. The high serve is used to move the opponent to the back of their court, freeing up the front court. The low serve is used to move the opponent to the front of the court, as well as making them have to get under the shuttle in order to be able to play it back over the net. pn

TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL SKILLS 1 OVERHEAD CLEAR Move into position and get behind the shuttle. Adopt the forehand grip. Raise your racket arm and non-racket arm. The overhead clear is aiming to get the Your body should be facing sideways with your feet pointing slightly sideways. shuttle to your opponents back Commence your forehand stroke. Stretch your racket arm to as far back as possible. baseline, as this will create space in the Stretch out your non-racket arm,inhale. Then exhale as you swing your racket front of their court. This will also allow forward. yourself the chance to get back to your Take the shuttle at the highest point possible. Complete a full arm swing. Follow central base position, in order to get through with your swing even after you have hit the shuttle. ready for the next shot. Shuffle your racket foot forward as you swing your racket forward. After hitting your stroke your body should face forward. Your racket foot should be in front of your non racket foot. Both feet should point forward 2 OVERHEAD DROP SHOT Adopt the forehand grip. Turn your body and stand sideways to the net with your non-racket shoulder The overhead drop shot is aiming facing the net. to catch your opponent out and to Shift your weight on to your rear foot. make them struggle play the shuttle Bend your elbow and lock your wrist preparing to swing forward. back. The drop shot is played the Raise your non-racket had and point at the shuttle to improve timing and same way as the overhead clear, balance. except the drop shot is hit with a Contact the shuttle as high as possible and out in front of your body. Straighten lot less power. your elbow as you hit the shuttle. Slice or tap the shuttle as you hit it, reducing the speed of the racket head. The angle of the racket face will determine the direction of your shot Follow through with your racket and shift your weight from your rear foot to your front foot. Move back to your base position. 3 LOW SERVE Stand two to three feet behind the short service line. Relax your body and bend your knees slightly. The low serve is used to make your Lead with your non-racket leg and place your racket leg behind. opponent move to the front of the Bring your racket back to your waist level then start your forward swing. court in order to lift the shuttle Hold the shuttle by the feathers and bring it closer to meet the racket instead of back over the net. As well as dropping it in front. already being difficult, this then Contact the shuttle at a higher point but still below your waist line frees up the back area of the court push the shuttle with the racket face and try to make the shuttle skim the top of for your next shot. the net.

4 HIGH SERVE Played with a forehand underarm action. Stand two to three feet behind the short service line. The high serve is used to make your Relax your body and bend your knees slightly. opponent move to the back of their Lead with your non-racket leg and place your racket leg behind. court, with this then opening up the Bring your racket back to almost your shoulder level, then swing it front area of the court. forward following the rhythm of the stroke. Hold the shuttle by the feathers and let it drop slightly in front of you. Hit it with the flat face of your racket and follow through until your racket reaches the non-racket side of your head. HITTING TO THE This is a good to have because it is a way of tiring out your opponent, as well as making it difficult 1 CORNERS for them to be able to play the shuttle back over the net, because of the distance you are making Badminton Bible states that \"By them cover across the court. playing shots to the corners, you maximize the distance your opponent must cover.\" CENTRAL BASE This will benefit your performance because by maintaining a central base position once you've played each shot will give 2 POSITION you a higher chance of being able to reach and hit the next shot. By not returning back to your central base position you Badminton Bible states that \"When are leaving a bigger gap for your opponent to play the playing singles, you need to be able to shuttle into, as well as a bigger gap for you to cover in order cover all parts of the court. This means to reach the shuttle. you must start in a roughly central base position.\" MOVING OPPONENT 3 AROUND THE COURT Badminton Bible states that \"By forcing This will benefit your performance because it means that your opponent to move quickly about you have control over the game, as well as tiring out your the court, you create situations where opponent. This being because if they play a weak shot he will reach the shuttlecock late and back it gives you the opportunity to use this to your have difficulty playing an effective advantage, either by making them move further around shot.\" the court, or immediately trying to win the rally.

START OF THE PLAY Before starting the game, the opponents toss a coin with the winner choosing: (a) to serve first/to receive first, or (b) the side In subsequent games, the winning side serves first. SCORING SYSTEM A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points (games cap at 30 points). Each game starts at 0-0. If the match goes to the third game that third game will be played to 15. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored. a.) A rally is won when a shuttle is hit over the net and onto the floor of the opponent's court. b.) A rally is lost if the shuttle is hit into the net, or over the net but outside of the opponent's court. A rally is also lost if the shuttle touches the player's clothing or body, or if it is hit before it crosses over the net. The side winning a rally adds a point to its score. At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game. The side winning a game serves first in the next game. INTERVAL AND CHANGE OF ENDS A 2 minute interval between each game is allowed. Teams switch sides at the end of each game. In the third game, teams switch sides when the leading score reaches 8 points pn

SERVING The first serve of the game is always made from the right side of the court to the opposite diagonal side. Only the player standing in the proper service court may return the serve. The server must obey laws designed to force underhand delivery of the serve, and the receiver must stand still until the service is struck. Following the serve, players may move anywhere on their side of the net. A player continues to serve (alternating service courts) as long as a player scores points. The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram (see below). When the score is even, the server serves from the right service court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court. If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again from the alternate service court. If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new serving side. The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point while their side is serving. If the server completely misses the shuttle on the serve the server may re-serve. A serve may not be delivered until the receiver is ready. If the receiver attempts to return the serve, the receiver is to have been considered ready. During the serve, it is a fault if: (a) The shuttle is contacted above the server’s waist or the racket head is above any part of the hand. (b) The shuttle does not fall into the diagonally opposite service court. (c) Some part of both feet of the server and receiver are not in contact with the appropriate court until the shuttle is contacted by the server. Touching a line with the foot is considered out of the court. *If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is discovered. GENERAL PLAY A shuttle falling on the line is good. Use outside lines all the way around, except for serves where you use the shorter back lines. A shuttle which touches and passes over the net is in play (including the serve) Faults Include: (a) The shuttle fails to pass over the net or lands outside the boundary line. (b) The shuttle contacts the walls, ceiling, player or player’s clothes. (c) The shuttle passes through or under the net. (d) The player touches the net. (e) The player reaches across the net to contact the shuttle (following through across the net is allowed). (f) The shuttle is hit more than once or comes to rest or is momentarily caught on the racquet and thrown. (g) The player obstructs an opponent or invades the opponent’s court. (h) A player is hit by the shuttle whether the player is standing inside or outside the court boundaries. (i) It is illegal for a player to hold up his/her racquet to block a return at the net. However, he/she may hold it up to protect his/her face or if he/she is returning it from within the appropriate receiving court. Any accidental hindrance is considered a “let” and there will be a re-serve. For example, a player or shuttle from another game entering the court