activity -7 final e-dossier

WATER:- India's sacred Yamuna river and Ganges river are considered to be among the most polluted rivers in the world. It is estimated that nearly 80% of India's surface water is polluted. Sewage, pesticide runoff and industrial waste, including e-waste, all contribute to India's water pollution problem. E-waste contaminates water in two major ways: 1. Landfills: Dumping e-waste into landfills that are not designed to contain e-waste can lead to contamination of surface and groundwater because the toxic chemicals can leach from landfills into the water supply. 2. Improper recycling: Improper recycling produces toxic by-products that may be disposed of using existing drainage such as city sewers and street drains. Once these products have been introduced into the local water supply, they can cause further pollution by entering surface water such as streams, ponds, and rivers. 3. Researchers at Jamia Millia Islamia University collected samples of soil and groundwater from five locations with high e-waste activity and found dangerous levels of contamination near unregulated ewaste sites. According to this study the average concentration of all heavy metals (except zinc) in water near e-waste sites in New Delhi was significantly higher than reference samples. In addition to being measurable, the effects of industrial waste pollution in India are easily observable. Approximately 500 liters of industrial waste, which includes e-waste, are dumped into the Ganges and Yamuna river daily which has led to the formation of toxic foam which covers large regions of the rivers. Soil According to research by Jamia Millia Islamia University, the average concentration of heavy metals in topsoil near e-waste sites in India is significantly higher than in standard agriculture soil samples. Another study tested soil samples from 28 e- waste recycling sites in India and found that the soil contained high levels of toxic Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Further soil sample analysis conducted by the SRM Institute of Science and Technology found the average concentration PCBs in Indian soil to be two times higher than the average amount globally. In India, PCB compounds are most prevalent in urban areas with the highest rate of soil- contamination found in Chennai (a city that imports e-waste), followed by Bengaluru, Dehli and Mumbai.

POLLUTANTS:- Some computer components can be reused in assembling new computer products, while others are reduced to metals that can be reused in applications as varied as construction, flatware, and jewellery. Substances found in large quantities include epoxy resins, fiberglass, PCBs, PVC (polyvinyl chlorides), thermosetting plastics, lead, tin, copper, silicon, beryllium, carbon, iron, and aluminium. Elements found in small amounts include cadmium, mercury, and thallium. Elements found in trace amounts include americium, antimony, arsenic, barium, bismuth, boron, cobalt, europium, gallium, germanium, gold, indium, lithium, manganese, nickel, niobium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, selenium, silver, tantalum, terbium, thorium, titanium, vanadium, and yttrium. Almost all electronics contain lead and tin (as solder) and copper (as wire and printed circuit board tracks), though the use of lead-free solder is now spreading rapidly. The following are ordinary applications: Dealing with e-waste Recycling:-Recycling is an essential element of e-waste management. Properly carried out, it should greatly reduce the leakage of toxic materials into the environment and mitigate against the exhaustion of natural resources. However, it does need to be encouraged by local authorities and through community education. Less than 20% of ewaste is formally recycled, with 80% either ending up in landfill or being informally recycled – much of it by hand in developing countries, exposing workers to hazardous and carcinogenic substances such as mercury, lead and cadmium. One of the major challenges is recycling the printed circuit boards from the electronic wastes. The circuit boards contain such precious metals as gold, silver, platinum, etc. and such base metals as copper, iron, aluminum, etc. One way e-waste is processed is by melting circuit boards, burning cable sheathing to recover copper wire and open- pit acid leaching for separating metals of value. Conventional method employed is mechanical shredding and separation but the recycling efficiency is low. Alternative methods such as cryogenic decomposition have been studied for printed circuit board recycling, and some other methods are still under investigation. Properly disposing of or reusing electronics can help prevent health problems, reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, and create jobs. Reuse and refurbishing offer a more environmentally friendly and socially conscious alternative to downcycling processes. Repairing as a mode of reducing e- waste :- There are several ways to curb the environmental hazards arising from the recycling of electronic waste and save our planet. One of the factors which exacerbate the e-waste problem is the

diminishing lifetime of many electrical and electronic goods. There are two drivers (in particular) for this trend. On the one hand, consumer demand for low cost products mitigates against product quality and results in short product lifetimes. On the other, manufacturers in some sectors encourage a regular upgrade cycle, and may even enforce it though restricted availability of spare parts, service manuals and software updates, or through planned obsolesce. How much e-waste is really a waste:- A large number of what is labelled as \"e-waste\" is actually not waste at all, but rather whole electronic equipment or parts that are readily marketable for reuse or can be recycled for materials recovery. REGIONAL E-WASTE STATUS Rapid technological developments and subsequent quick turn-around of products often contribute to the shortening of product lifetimes, as users replace their gadgets more frequently. In addition, many products are designed for low-cost production, but not necessarily repair, refurbishment or easy recycling. This results from producers’ interests to increase their market share and consumers’ demands for low-cost products. All in all, these circumstances are leading to increasing quantities of e-waste, but also increased consumption of resources for producing the equipment. INDIA Electronic waste is emerging as a serious public health and environmental issue in India.[1] India is the \"fifth largest electronic waste producer in the world\"; approximately 2 million tons of e-waste are generated annually and an undisclosed amount of e-waste is imported from other countries around the world. Annually, computer devices account for nearly 70% of e-waste, 12% comes from the telecom sector, 8% from medical equipment and 7% from electric equipment. The government, public sector companies, and private sector companies generate nearly 75% of electronic waste, with the contribution of individual household being

only 16%. E-waste is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their \"useful life.\" Computers, televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, and fax machines are common electronic products. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled. There is an upgradation done to this Ewaste garbage list which includes gadgets like smartphone, tablets, laptops, video game consoles, cameras and many more. India had 1.012 billion active mobile connections in January 2018. Every year the number is growing exponentially. According to ASSOCHAM, an industrial body in India the, Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of electronic waste is 30%. With changing consumer behavior and rapid economic growth, ASSOCHAM estimates that India will generate 5.2 million tonnes of e- waste by 2020. SRI LANKA The management of e-waste is considered a serious challenge in both developed and developing countries and Sri Lanka is no exception. Due to significant growth in the economy and investments and other reasons the consumption of electronic and electrical equipment in Sri Lanka has increased over the years resulting in significant generation of e-waste. Several initiatives such as introduction of hazardous waste management rules, ratification of the Basel Convention in 1992 and the introduction of a National Corporate E-waste Management Program have been undertaken in Sri Lanka to manage e-waste. Strengthening policy and legislation, introducing methods for upstream reduction of e-waste, building capacity of relevant officers, awareness raising among school children and the general public and development of an e-waste information system are vital. Research on e-waste needs to be developed in Sri Lanka. The health sector could play a leading role in the provision of occupational health and safety for e-waste workers, advocacy, capacity building of relevant staff and raising awareness among the general public about e-waste. Improper e-waste management practices carried out by informal sector workers need to be addressed urgently in Sri Lanka. BANGLADESH In Bangladesh, there is a growing concern about the increasing amount of electronic or ewaste being consumed and disposed of. E-waste and the associated recycling processes can cause significant environmental and health hazards. At present, there is a lack of awareness about the

hazards of electronic waste (or e-waste) in Bangladesh In every year Bangladesh generated roughly 2.8 million metric tons of e-waste. But without knowing the harmful effect of the e-waste these has dumped in to the open landfills, farming land and in the open sources of water bodies. AUSTRALIA Australians are among the highest users of technology, and e-waste is one of the fastest growing types of waste. 17 million televisions and 37 million computers have been sent to landfill up to 2008 99% of Australian households have at least one television set. while 55% have a second set Of the 15.7 million computers that reached their 'end of life' in Australia in 2007-08, only 1.5 million were recycled - that's less the 10% The cumulative volume of televisions and computers reaching the end of their useful life is expected to reach 181,000 tonnes or 44 million units by 2027-28 Australians buy more than 4 million computers and 3 million televisions annually. Older televisions that contain Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) have more than 2 kilograms of lead and account for the largest source of lead in the waste stream. Flat screen televisions contain less lead but more mercury If 75% of the 1.5 million televisions discarded annually were recycled there would be savings of 23,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalents, 520 mega litres of water, 400,000 gigajoules of energy and 160,000 cubic metres of landfill space.

COMPARISON OF COUNTRIES If we look at the graph we will find that the e-waste generated by the developed countries (Australia) per person is high, and Bangladesh is lowest. But at the same time when we look at the other graph, about the total waste generated, we find India is at top and lowest is Sri Lanka. Contrast Here we come to a situation, where we find that developed countries like Australia who may have a very little population also, generate a lot of e-waste per person, as they have the money to buy those amenities, but at the same time when we look at the developing countries like India, Bangladesh and Sri lanka, the people don’t have too much on such electronic amenities, as much of the population comes in a poor category, and India’s total e-waste is greater, due to it’s large population, but here we have to constantly look on the disposal of e-waste when they are of no use, for both developing and developed nation, otherwise it will create a serious impact on us as well as our environment. CONCLUSION Import of e-waste The US is ranked top acquiring the highest share of importing electronic waste (e-waste) in India followed by China and European Union (EU), according to a study of the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (Assocham). Looking at the country-wise share in India’s e-waste Europe at around 18 percent and rest 10 percent is from other countries such as Taiwan, South Korea, Japan etc. AWARNESS PROGRAM The programme aims to create effective awareness in various levels (of society) to reduce the adverse impact on environment and health arising out of the polluting technologies used in recycling e-waste in the unorganized sector. The charter for this programme is to bring together the triad of public, government and industry to adopt responsible measures for Sustainable electronics that is responsive to environmental needs. This needs proactive policy formation and mass deployment that would be the focus area.



Responsibility of producers Everyone has a role to play in reducing electronic waste. Consumers can resist, or at least delay, acquiring new devices until they really need them. They can repair devices when possible rather than abandoning them. And after a new purchase, they can resell or recycle their old devices. But consumer intervention only goes so far. Governments need to regulate electronic waste, and the companies that make the consumer electronics they sell over and over again to the same people, at great profit. Govt. co-op The electronic waste sector will create 4.5 lakh direct jobs by 2025 and another 1.8 lakh jobs in the allied sectors of transportation and manufacturing. The electronic waste sector will create 4.5 lakh direct jobs by 2025 and another 1.8 lakh jobs in the allied sectors of transportation and manufacturing, International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank group, said Wednesday. The IFC, which has been working in the e-waste sector since 2012, said under a programme launched by it in 2017, over 4,000 metric tons of e-waste has been collected from citizens and corporations and recycled.

R.L.J.D.M.C DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL RANIGANJ, WEST BENGAL, INDIA . REPORT WRITING ON E-WASTE IDS ACTIVITY – 7 ACTIVITY TITLE : DON'T BE A PUNK ! RECYCLE YOUR JUNK . TOPIC : E-WASTE DATE : JULY, 2020 _______________________________________________________________





















RLJDMC DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL RANIGANJ REPORT WRITING IDS NAME AND SIGNATURE OF EVALUATOR: MR. ANGSHUMAN MUKHERJEE & P. K. ADITYA ACTIVITY TITLE AND NO: E-WASTE ACTIVITY INCHARGE NAME AND SIGNATURE: V. PAIN, A. KUMARI DATE: 25.07.2020 EVALUATION SHEET TOPIC: the toxic composition of e-wastes and their effects on different natural resources like soil ,water in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Australia. Sl. NAME OF THE STUDENT CLASS TITLE(2) CONTENT(2) FORMAT(2) GRAMMAR(2) SPELLING(2) TOTAL(10 MARKS) AND 2 10 2 10 SECTION 2 10 2 10 1 MEHUL MITRAL 11 COM 222 2 2 PRATIK KANODIA 11 COM 222 2 3 DEBOJYOTI MONDAL 222 2 4 FAISAL MALLICK 12 SC 222 2 12 SC

5 ABU SADAT ANSARI 11 SC 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 6 ADITYA GOENKA 11 SC 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 7 ADITYA SINHA 11 SC 2 2 2 2 2 9 9 8 ADVIND KR. BIND 11 SC 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 9 AKRITI LOSALKA 11 SC 2 1 2 2 2 10 10 10 ANAMIKA KUMARI 11 SC 2 1 2 2 2 10 10 11 DIVYA GUPTA 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 9.5 12 HARSH AGARWAL 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 13 HARSHITA YADAV 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 14 ISHAAN KASHYAP SINGH 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 15 JAGMOHAN JHA 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 16 KHUSHI PANDEY 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 17 KHUSHI SHAW 12 D 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 18 MAHUYA PATRA 12 D 2 2 2 2 1.5 10 10 21 NANDINI BARNWAL 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 22 NEHA KUMARI BEHARA 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 23 NIDHI KUMARI CHOUDHURY 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 24 NIHAR JHUNJHUNWALA 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 25 PALAK JOSHI 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 26 PRATIK KANODIA 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 27 RAJIV KESHRI 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 28 RISHI RAJ SINGH 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 29 SAGUN KHAITAN 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 30 SAKET TODI 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 31 SALONI BHALOTIA 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 32 SARIKA KUMARI 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 33 SARWAR ALI KHAN 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 34 SHRISTI MAJAKOTI 12 C 2 22 2 2 35 SHUBHAM KR. GUPTA 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 36 SHYAM TODI 12 C 2 2 2 2 2

37 SUKHBIR SINGH 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 10 2 10 38 SUMIT KR. YADAV 12 C 2 2 2 2 2 10 2 10 39 SURYA NARAYAN DAS 12 C 2 2 2 2 40 UDAY SARAYAN 12 C 2 2 2 2

REPORT WRITING ACTIVITY ON E-WASTE - Reported by V. Pain and A. Kumari July ,2020 : During the covid-19 days students of RLJDMC DAV Public School, Raniganj dedicated their whole hearted effort to spread mass awareness on the tremendous volume and lethal consequences of e-waste. Under the worthy supervision of British Council report writing activity on e-waste was organised for the students of standard XI and XII. Mr P. K. Aditya and Mr Angshuman Mukherjee , PGT English of the school mentored the students to depict the hazardous effects of e-waste in a vivid way through their articles . Almost all the students from Arts ,Science and Commerce stream took part in this report writing activity with zeal and enthusiasm. Students typed their thoughts and then shared with the mentor teacher through email and WhatsApp on the basis of what concerned teachers judge their performance and prepare the evaluation sheet .The entire activity was a great success and hopefully this sincere effort by the students will play a pivotal role in near future to build a civilization free from the curse of technology like e-waste .

IDS COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY October 2020 www.britishcouncil.org

\"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was a season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair. \" The time when we dreamt for IDS and the time to translate it into reality is nothing less than hell and heaven ---- two completely opposite states of existence as portrayed by Charles Dickens in the above quote. The world had seen such colossal disasters as pandemics and world wars before but human mind is such a genius when it comes to adaptation with our great ability, inventive and resourceful spirit to help us recognise new things and turn them to our advantage. The lockdown had disrupted the school schedules and confined the young powerhouses of energy to their homes, but it is difficult to keep the creative instincts locked down. So, we, the students and staff of RLJDMC DAV Public School have again kept enough faith on Thomas Jefferson's great saying and nothing could have stopped us from taking the action to achieve the goal. \"Do you want to know who are you? Don't ask ! Wait , action will delineate and define you. \" During the tough time we endeavoured to involve our students in healing the mother earth from the malady of e-waste under the sincere supervision of British Council .We impelled our students to take collaborative steps with the students of Bangladesh , Sri Lanka and Australia to alleviate the affliction of the onliest vivid planet .But on those hard and stormy days it was very difficult to find some school being fascinated by our motto 'Don't be a punk ! Recycle your junk' as most of the South Asian schools fastened their gates due to Covid-19. We persisted to search partner schools by creating own user ID in the 'British Council School Finder' website and pressed ahead sending partnership request mails to different schools in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Australia. We had to sit tight and wait. Finally on 8th Sep, 2020 we got a positive signal from Mr. Mohammad Shazaman from Batakandi S. S. A. A. H. Memorial High School, Titas , Cumilla, Bangladesh . We waited long to find a partner school but ultimately we were very fortunate to have Mr. Shazaman, a wonderful dynamic teacher from Bangladesh specially born for his profession with a big heart. Initially we had started the conversation through mails in the global language English but very soon we switched the medium of communication to Bengali to make it more convenient for Mr Shazaman as per his request .We designed a study material of three pages followed with a worksheet containing 10 MCQ type questions on the volume of e-waste in our countries of study viz. India , Australia , Bangladesh and Sri Lanka which we had mailed to Mr. Shahzaman along with the marking scheme and the evaluation sheet . Mr Shahzaman, the school ambassador of British Council, Bangladesh forwarded the same flavored with his valuable advices to his students to their whatsapp group and instructed them to solve it .As the Covid-19 situation got worsened by that time ,people were infected like anything, schools were too far to be opened ,we were restless as we could not communicate with most of the students of our partner school who were lacking ICT access due to the remote location of their residences. In the mean time our personal relationship with Mr. Shahzaman had been cemented as we initiated whatsapp chat since 14th Sep, 2020. We assured all concerned that science ,innovation and technology was around them and not beyond them .We had a constructive discussion towards the academic flexibility leading to diverse means of incorporating technology in the field of discovering new learning. Mr Shahzaman a took an initiative to add some extra zing to his students by introducing online Zoom classes in their school . As per our request he provided us an opportunity to interact with his students through online zoom class at 7:30 p.m. IST on 4th Oct, 2020. Around 30 students attended the virtual class along with Mr Shahzaman and www.britishcouncil.org 2

Mr Pradip Das , assistant teachers of Batakandi S. S. A. A. H. Memorial High School (Bangladesh) and Mrs Esha Mishra , Mrs Eti Bandopadhyay ,Mr Vivekananda Pain and Mrs Annapurna Kumari from our school. After a short introduction Mr Vivekananda Pain informed the students about the various constructive projects and approaches related to IDS which is governed and run by British Council through out the globe . Then the students were made to understand how e-waste are generated by almost all countries in the world. He also revealed the lethal consequences of e-waste and made the students aware about the tremendous volume of e-waste produced by the developed and developing countries of the world .He invited them to solve the worksheet based on the study materials which was already provided to them .In the meantime Esha Mishra madam from our school posted a link on the chat box containing another questionaire containing 10 MCQ type questions on the same context . Students did not delay to grab this chance to showcase their inherent talents by answering those questions on the virtual platform .In the last 10 minutes students exhibited their solved worksheets by holding the paper in front of the camera .Students expressed their great delight to be a part of this productive session and appealed to organise such classes in near future . Mr Shazaman recorded the entire session and published the video on YouTube .He also shared some of the screenshots of the class on facebook also. Mr Shahzaman acknowledged that his students were inspired by us and they had even discussed about the e-waste concern amongst themselves .He also forwarded us the photographs of the solved worksheets sent to him by his students. He conveyed his thankfulness to us for instilling good habit amongst the students who have whole heartedly dedicated themselves to dispel the deception of 21st century's technology and explore the disastrous issues like e-waste behind it . We are still in constant touch with Mr Shahzaman and his students who dedicated themselves to eradicate the e-waste from this beautiful , lively and motherly planet. Link for video of the online zoom class : 'DON'T BE A PUNK! RECYCLE YOUR JUNK. ' WITH BATAKANDI S. S. A. A. H. MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL Link of the online test conducted in the class : COME, JOIN HANDS TO ERASE WOUNDS OF E- WASTE Passcode to enter the link : ISA@2020 www.britishcouncil.org 3

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IDS COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY WITH KHULNA ZILLA SCHOOL October 2020 www.britishcouncil.org