information about Italy

DIGITAL FLIP BOOK [Document subtitle]

ROME IS THE CAPITAL OF ITALY

LOCATION ON MAP Italy is in Southern Europe, and it is also considered as a part of Western Europe. It is a beautiful peninsula. CLIMATE It is predominantly Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. July is the hottest month and January is the coldest month.

POPULATION The current population of Italy is 60,379,497 Italy ranks number 23 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. The population of Italy is around 6.0 crores. LITRACY RATE The literacy rate of Italy from 1981 to 2021 is 99.16%. Only 507,845 people out of whole population are adult illiterate population according to UNESCO.

GOVERNMENT The Government of Italy is in the form of a democratic republic and was established by a constitution in 1948. It consists of legislative executive, and judicial subdivisions as well as a head of state, or President. By stating that Italy is a democratic republic, the article solemnly declares the result of the constitutional referendum which took place on 2 June 1946. The state is not a hereditary property of the ruling monarch, but it is a res publica that means belonging to all. The people who are called to temporarily administer the Republic are not owners, but servants; and the Governor are not subjects, but citizens. And power of making decisions lies with the people with the concept of democracy.

LANGUAGE SPOKEN Italian is the language which is spoken in Italy, as a written administrative and literary language, was in existence well before the unification of Italy in the 1860. However, in terms of spoken language. Not surprisingly, the greatest divergence from Standard Italian is found in border areas, in the mountains, and on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia.

FAMOUS MONUMENTS St Peter's Basilica This renaissance - style building is believed to be the burial place of Saint Peter, one of the 12 apostles. The stunning Church is found in piazza san Pietro the Vatican City. The Pantheon Once Roman Temple, the Pantheon is now a church that stands majestically in the centre of Rome. This is considered the best- preserved monument from ancient Rome and has stood mostly untouched true Roman history. The Colosseum Arguably the most famous building in Italy, the the Colosseum was the largest amphitheater built in in 80AD. It was designed to host Gladiator flights and

seated 5,000 audience members. It's a large parts of ROM history and an important stop on any first time Italy - trip. ROMAN FORUM In the heart of the city, the forum stands as a memory of Ancient Roman life. This was once the main Centre of the city and it saw many of the main activities happening. These include social, religious, and even political events. Today, it is surrounded by ruins and is a major attraction for many.

SPANISH STEPS It is located near many important buildings, and showcasing the splendid Trinità dei Monti church, the Spanish steps in the room are are undoubtedly one of the most fabulous structures in Italy. The steps work built in the 1700s and are the widest steps in all of Europe.

Best food in Italy Neapolitan pizza It was invented in apples somewhere between the 18th and 19th century, Neapolitan pizza is basically a flatbread topped with tomatoes, mozzarella cheese, and extra virgin olive oil. In reality, making a true pizza Neapolitan is an art and requires much more than just three or four simple ingredients. The tomatoes must be grown in volcanic soil of San Marzano Sul Sarno, a small town near Naples, while the do must be made with specific ingredients, formed by hand and crowned only with D.D.C Lasagna One of the most famous and oldest pasta recipes, Lasagna is a traditional Italian comfort food made by alternating layers of Pasta sheets ,meat ,sauce, and cheese.

Gelato Italians didn't invent the ice cream, but they certainly perfected the process over the centuries. The history of Italian Gelato dates back to the Renaissance period, but who exactly created the creamy frozen dessert no one knows, most Stories on this topic relate that gelato was invented at the court of the Medici, in Florence, either by Florentine architect and designer Bernardo Buontlenti or by the court's Alchemist Cosino Ruggieri.

FESTIVALS Carnevale Carnevale in Italy, known in the U.S. as Carnival takes place in the weeks leading up to Easter. ... Italy celebrates Carnevale with a huge winter festival marked by parades, masquerade balls, entertainment, music, and parties. Children throw confetti at each other—and sometimes toss flour and raw eggs, too. Palio di Siena There is something attractive and enticing about this popular Italian festival in which 17 districts or contra de (as known in Italy) compete against each other in the horse-riding game. The winning champion rider is awarded a Palio. A special mass, blessings from the horses and grand procession starts of the main race-day of this festival.

Battle of Oranges You would find it crazy but fun to join the largest food fight in Europe – the Battle of Oranges. This festival is a symbolic one as it represents the uprisings that took place in Italy against the cruel ruler Ranieri di Bankrate. All participants are divided into nine teams and they hurl oranges at each other either by running around on the streets or from the battle buses. Game of The Bridge Interestingly having a violent history and root, the Game of the Bridge is a genteel festival of Italy characterized by the competitive spirits of the participating teams of north and south of Arno River. A parade of both north and south teams dressed in 18th-century clothing and armor reach the destination; push the wooden trolley towards the opposite team’s territory to claim the ultimate ownership of the Ponte di Mezzo bridge.

Infiorata Festival If you happen to visit any of the towns in Italy during the time when the popular Infiorata Festival gets organized, you should remain well prepared and ready to be spell bounded by the art forms created by beautiful flowers and petals. Centered on multiple themes, wall-hangings are designed on the streets as well as monasteries. Churches and houses are also decorated with flowers. Once the wall-hangings are completed, religious processions to take place during this famous festival in Italy

Religion in Italy Roman Catholic Although Roman Catholic is the dominant religion in Italy, the government respects freedom of religion and is starting to support many other religions. Christianity (83.3%) Unaffiliated (12.4%) Islam (3.7%) Buddhism (0.2%) Hinduism (0.1%) Other religions (0.3%) -3.70% -0.10% Chart Title -0.20% -0.30% -12.40% -83.30% Christianity Unaffiliated Islam Buddhism Hinduism Other religions

PASSPORT MANDATES You’ll need the following documents to apply for your Italy Schengen tourist visa:  Application form duly filled.  Two identical photos taken within the last 3 months. Dimensions of the photograph be 35X45mm. The photo should be simple and colored. It should display 70-80% of the face.  A valid passport not older than 10 years. It should be valid for at least 3 months from your date of departure from Italy or any other Schengen region.  Copy of previous visa (if applicable)  Proof of travel in terms of air tickets both inwards and outwards.  Proof of stay in terms of hotel or Airbnb bookings.  Travel Insurance Policy which should have a minimum health insurance/medical emergency coverage for €30,000.  Proof of enough financial means to support yourself, i.e. bank statement of last 6 months.  A cover letter explaining the purpose of your travel.  School Id/College ID/ company registration/retirement proof.

CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE The lira was the currency of Italy between 1861 and 2002. It was replaced by the euro (euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002). 1Euro =88.99 Indian Rupee

GDP Italy GDP per capita for 2019 was $33,228.GDP per capita in Italy is expected to reach 34600.00 USD by the end of 2021.In the long-term, the Italy GDP per capita is projected to trend around 35200.00 USD in 2022 and 36000.00 USD in 2023, according to our econometric models. Major occupations The main jobs in Italy are in the tourism industry, the automobile industry and textile manufacturing. The service sector accounts for the most jobs in Italy, employing 61.9 percent of the of the Italian

workforce. Examples of in-demand service sector jobs include nursing, teaching and hotel management. Italy also has a strong machinery industry, which makes it a suitable country for engineering jobs. The tourism sector also creates many jobs including tour guides, baggage carriers and bellhops, hotel managers and recreation workers. The Italian corporations with the biggest workforces include Fiat, Benetton, Finmeccanica and Pirelli. In addition to employment in large corporations, small family-operated businesses find success in Italy because they often benefit from the tourism industry. Scientific developments Science and technology in Italy has a long presence, from the Roman era and the Renaissance. Through the centuries, Italy has advanced the scientific

community which produced many significant inventions and discoveries in biology, physics, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy and the other sciences. Italy also developed its things like:-  An energy-saving climate control system for electric cars.  Harnessing the full power of renewable energy with hydrogen-Hydrogen has the highest mass energy density of any fuel, making it an extremely effective medium for energy storage and distribution. As Europe deploys more renewable capacity, from vast wind farms to roof-top solar arrays, hydrogen is set to be an essential integrator, harnessing excess power generation, balancing intermittent supply and demand, and ultimately helping support a clean, efficient and sustainable energy system.  Famous personalities •Monica Bellucci (Italian actress) •Michele Morrone (Italian actor)

•Dante Alighieri (Italian poet) •Marco Polo (Italian merchant) •Lamont Marcell Jacobs (Italian athlete) •Mario Draghi (Prime Minister of Italy) •Alessandro Mendini ( Italian designer and architect) •Pier Giorgio Perotto ( Italian electrical engineer and inventor). •Bernardo Bertolucci (Italian director and screenwriter) •Ennio Morricone (Italian music composer and conductor) •Luciano Pavarotti. (Italian male singer) •Mina (Italian female singer)