4- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa jaxhu 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph 'kCn fy[kdj okD; iqu% fy[kksA d- cxhps esa iq\"i f[kys gSaA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- lqcg gksrs gh i{kh pgpgk mBrs gSaA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- pk¡n vkleku esa ped jgk gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?k- lw;Z gesa jks'kuh nsrk gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ä- o\"kkZ vkus ij fdlku [kq'k gksrs gSaA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ rhu&rhu i;kZ;okph 'kCn <w¡<dj lgh LFkku ij fy[kksA d- gok vj.; nqfu;k [k- lalkj -------------------------- ok;q iou -------------------------- -------------------------- dkuu pkg -------------------------- -------------------------- ou lehj -------------------------- dkeuk vfHkyk\"kk x- taxy txr fo'o ?k- bPNk -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- 50 -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- fganh O;kdj.k & 3
11 vusd 'kCnksa ds fy, ,d 'kCn (One–Word Substitution) tc ge viuh ckr vusd 'kCnksa esa u fy[kdj ,d gh 'kCn esa fy[krs gSa] rks og okD;ka'k osQ fy, ,d 'kCn dgykrk gSA tks fpfdRlk djrk gksA jksfgr xkuk xk jgk gSA og fpfdRld gSA jksfgr xk;d gSA ;g diM+s /ksrk gSA ;g [ksrh djrk gSA ;g /ksch gSA ;g fdlku gSA vkius ns[kk fd vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, osQoy ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA blls Hkk\"kk lqanj vkSj ljy cu tkrh gSA Hkk\"kk dks ljy rFkk izHkko'kkyh cukus osQ fy, vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA 51 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vkb,] oqQN vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn tkusa vusd 'kCn ,d 'kCn tks iQy&lC”kh [kkrk gS 'kkdkgkjh tks ekal [kkrk gS ekalkgkjh fon~;k xzg.k djus okyk fon~;kFkhZ tks lksus osQ xgus cukrk gS lqukj tks fdlh ls ugha Mjrk fuMj tks ykyp djrk gS ykyph tks lsuk esa dke djrk gS lSfud tks lc ij n;k djs n;kyq tks lIrkg esa ,d ckj gks lkIrkfgd tks dfork fy[krk gS dfo tks ifjJe djrk gS ifjJeh tks dke ls th pqjkrk gS dkepksj tks Mjrk gS Mjiksd tks vkyl djrk gS vkylh fp=k cukus okyk fp=kdkj lky esa ,d ckj gksus okyk okf\"kZd ekl esa ,d ckj gksus okyk ekfld izfrfnu gksus okyk nSfud tgk¡fon~;kFkhZ i<+rs gSa fon~;ky; tks xkuk xkrk gS xk;d vf/d cksyus okyk okpky Hkkjr dk jgus okyk Hkkjrh; 52 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vkvks nksgjk,¡ • vusd 'kCnksa osQ LFkku ij ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx djus ls Hkk\"kk ljy rFkk izHkko'kkyh curh gSA • vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA vH;kl dk;Z 1- lgh fodYi pqudj fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djksA d- fgju ?kkl [kkrk gS] og -------------------------- gSA (ekalkgkjh@'kkdkgkjh) [k- gesa vkyl ugha djuk pkfg,A -------------------------- yksxksa dks dksbZ ilan ugha djrkA (vkylHkjs@vkylh) x- tks j{kk djrs gSa] mUgsa -------------------------- dgrs gSaA (j{kd@dk;j) ?k- og fdlh ls ugha MjrkA og -------------------------- gSA (Mjiksd@fuMj) Ä ge fon~;k xzg.k djrs gSaA ge -------------------------- gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ@fons'kh) 2- fn, x, js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fy[kdj okD; iqu% fy[kksA d- fodkl esjs lkFk i<+rk gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- eNyh ty eas jgrh gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- 'ksj ekal [kkrk gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?k- lej viuh mez ls T;knk cksyrk gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ä fdlku cgqr esgur djrk gSA --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
12 eqgkojs uhps fy[ks okD; dks if<+,A (Idioms) ueu viuh ek¡dh vkt xfjek iwQyh ugha dju us yM~Mqvksa ij vk¡[kksa dk rkjk gSA gkFk lki+ Q fd;kA lek jgh gSA ”kjk lkspks! & ugha Ø D;k dksbZ vk¡[k dk rkjk gks ldrk gS\\ & ugha Ø D;k dksbZ iwQy ldrk gS\\ & ugha Ø D;k dksbZ yM~Mwvksa ij gkFk lki+ Q dj ldrk gS\\ Åij fn, x, okD;ksa dk fo'ks\"k vFkZ gS& Ø igys okD; esa ^vk¡[kksa dk rkjk* dk vFkZ gS & cgqr I;kjk gksukA Ø nwljs okD; esa ^iwQyk u lekuk* dk vFkZ gS & cgqr [kq'k gksukA Ø rhljs okD; esa ^gkFk lki+ Q djus* dk vFkZ gS & lekIr djukA eqgkojksa osQ iz;ksx ls Hkk\"kk vf/d lqanj] jkspd vkSj izHkko'kkyh cu tkrh gSA ,sls 'kCn lewg] ftudk iz;ksx fdlh fo'ks\"k vFkZ ds fy, gksrk gS] eqgkojs dgykrs gSAa 54 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
oqQN eqgkojs rFkk okD; iz;ksx 1- eq¡g esa ikuh vkuk (yypk tkuk) jlxqYys ns[kdj esjs eq¡g esa ikuh vk x;kA 2- vkleku flj ij mBkuk (cgqr 'kksj d{kk eas vè;kfidk oQs u gkus s ij cPpksa djuk) us vkleku flj ij mBk fy;kA 3- isV esa pwgs dwnuk (cgqr Hkw[k yxuk) cgqr nsj rd [ksyus ds ckn udqy ds isV esa pwgs dwnus yxsA 4- ihB FkiFkikuk ('kkck'kh nsuk) usd dke djus ij lc yksxksa us eukst dh ihB FkiFkikbZA 5- yky&ihyk gksuk (cgqr xqLlk gksuk) dey NksVh&NksVh ckrksa ij yky& ihyk gks mBrk gSA 6- ?kksM+s cspdj lksuk (fuf'apr gksuk) dke iwjk gks tkus ij uohu ?kksM+s cspdj lks jgk gSA 7- dej dluk (rS;kj gksuk) ijh{kk ds le; lhek dej dldj rS;kj gks xbZA 8- ukS&nks X;kjg gksuk (Hkkx tkuk) iqfyl dks vkrk ns[kdj >xM+k dj jgs yksx ukS&nks X;kjg gks x,A 9- v¡xwBk fn[kkuk (lki+ Q euk dj nsuk) euh\"k us tc enn ek¡xh] rc tfru us mls v¡xwBk fn[kk fn;kA 10- va/s dh ykBh (cslgkjs dk ,dek=k Jo.k vius cw<+s ekrk&firk osQ fy, lgkjk) va/s dh ykBh FkkA 55 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vU; eqgkojs ß vFkZ ß dku Hkjuk ß pqxyh djuk vk¡[kksa esa /wy >ksaduk ß /ks[kk nsuk ukd esa ne djuk ß cgqr ijs'kku djuk dku ij tw¡u jsaxuk ß vlj u gksuk ?kh ds fn, tykuk ß [kqf'k;k¡eukuk Hkhxh fcYyh cuuk ß Mj tkuk Nkrh ls yxkuk ß cgqr I;kj djuk vkx&ccwyk gksuk ß cgqr xqLlk gksuk gks'k mM+ tkuk Mj tkuk eq¡g dh [kkuk gkj tkuk vkvks nksgjk,¡ Ÿ eqgkojs fo'ks\"k dFku gksrs gSaA Ÿ ;s okD; osQ va'k (fgLlk) gksrs gSaA Ÿ ;s Hkk\"kk dks jkspd o lqanj cuk nsrs gSaA vH;kl dk;Z i. [kq'kh eukuk ii. pqxyh djuk 1- eqgkojksa dk muosQ lgh vFkkasZ ls feyku djksA iii. cs'keZ O;fDr d- dku Hkjuk iv. fouk'k djuk [k- ?kh osQ nh;s tykuk v. cgqr iz;Ru djuk x- b±V ls b±V ctkuk ?k- vkdk'k&ikrky ,d djuk fganh O;kdj.k & 3 Ä fpduk ?kM+k 56
2- uhps fn, x, okD;ksa esa mfpr eqgkojs HkjksA d- feBkb;k¡ns[kdj esjs ------------------------------------------- vk x;kA [k- lSfudksa us ;qn~/ osQ fy, -------------------------------------------A x- iqfyl dks ns[kdj pksj ------------------------------------------- gks x,A ?k- jes'k viuh ek¡dh ------------------------------------------- gSA 3- eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx dj okD; cukvksA & ----------------------------------------------------------------- d- ihB FkiFkikuk ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- ukS&nks X;kjg gksuk & ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- vk¡[kksa dk rkjk & -------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?k- Hkhxh fcYyh cuuk & -------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ä ikuh&ikuh gksuk & ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4- fuEu okD;ksa esa eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ fn, x, gSaA vki eqgkojs igpkudj fy[kksA d- 'ksj dks lkeus ns[kdj jeu cgqr Mj x;kA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- ehuk vius ekrk&firk dks cgqr I;kjh gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- ijh{kk lekIr gksus osQ ckn uhjk fuf'apr gks xbZ gSA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
13 vifBr xn~;ka'k (Unseen Passage) vifBr vFkkZr tks igys u i<+k x;k gksA bldk iwjk vFkZ gS xn~; dk ,slk va'k tks igys u i<+k x;k gks] vifBr xn~;ka'k dgykrk gSA vifBr xn~;ka'k dks djus ls igys oqQN è;ku nsus ;ksX; fcanq& w vifBr xn~;ka'k dks è;kuiwoZd nks ckj i<+uk pkfg,A w dfBu 'kCnksa ,oa eq[; dFkuksa dks js[kkafdr djuk pkfg,A w xn~;ka'k osQ vk/kj ij iwNs x, iz'uksa dks è;kuiwoZd i<+dj lEcaf/r mRrj <¡w<us pkfg,A mnkgj.k&1 xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,A gkFkh lcls Hkkjh&Hkjde i'kq gSA taxyh gkFkh tgk¡Hkh tkrs gSa lkjk ifjokj >qaM ds :i esa tkrk gSA vle osQ gkfFk;ksa dk ;g >qaM ,d u, taxy dh vksj pykA mUgsa ,d cM+k&lk rkykc fn[kkbZ fn;kA ugkus&/ksus] dhpM+ yisVus vkSj lw¡M ls iqQgkjk NksM+us ds fy, bl rkykc esa cgqr ikuh FkkA d- lcls Hkkjh&Hkjde i'kq dkSu&lk gS\\ mRrj gkFkh lcls Hkkjh&Hkjde i'kq gSA 58 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
[k- gkfFk;ksa dk >qaM fdl jkT; esa Fkk\\ fganh O;kdj.k & 3 mRrj gkfFk;ksa dk >qaM vle esa FkkA x- gkFkh >aqM esa pyrs gSa ;k vosQys\\ mRrj >qaM esaA mnkgj.k&2 xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,A xjeh dk ekSle FkkA ,d rkykc esa ikuh de gks jgk FkkA rkykc esa cgqr&lh eNfy;k¡FkhaA rkykc osQ fdukjs ,d cxqyk jgrk FkkA og lk/q dk Hksl cuk, cSBk FkkA eu gh eu og rkykc dh eNfy;ksa dks [kkus dk mik; lksp jgk FkkA d- rkykc osQ fdukjs dkSu jgrk Fkk\\ mRrj rkykc osQ fdukjs ,d cxqyk jgrk FkkA [k- cxqys us oSQlk Hks\"k cuk;k gqvk Fkk\\ mRrj cxqys us lk/q dk Hks\"k cuk;k gqvk FkkA x- cxqyk D;k lksp jgk Fkk\\ mRrj cxqyk eNfy;ksa dks [kkus dk mik; lksp jgk FkkA ?k- rkykc osQ vanj dkSu jgrk Fkk\\ mRrj rkykc osQ vanj eNfy;k¡jgrh FkhaA 59
vH;kl dk;Z 1- uhps fn, x, xn~;ka'k dks è;kuiwoZd if<+, vkSj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nhft,A gekjs thou esa vuq'kklu dk cgqr egÙo gSA vuq'kklu dk vFkZ gS ^fu;e* vFkkZr~ vius thou dks lgh :i ls pykus ds fy, ge ftu fu;eksa dk ikyu djrs gSa] ogh vuq'kklu dgykrk gSA ?kj] fon~;ky;] [ksy dk eSnku] vLirky] flusek?kj o fdlh osQ ?kj tkus ij vuq'kklu dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA bu lHkh txgksa osQ vius&vius fu;e gksrs gSaA tks O;fDr mudk ikyu ugha djrk] og f'k\"V ugha gS_ mls vknj dh n`f\"V ls ugha ns[kk tkrkA d- vuq'kklu dk D;k vFkZ gS\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- eq[; :i ls vuq'kklu dk ikyu ge dgk¡&dgk¡djrs gSa\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- f'k\"V dkSu dgykrk gS\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?k- mijksDr xn~;ka'k dk 'kh\"kZd fyf[k,A --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
2- mTtSu cgqr izkphu uxj gSA ;g f'kizk unh osQ rV ij clk gSA ;gk¡egkdky uke ls f'koth dk cgqr izkphu eafnj gSA yksx nwj&nwj ls mTtSu vkrs gSaA f'kizk unh esa Luku djrs gSa vkSj egkdky dk n'kZu&iwtu djrs gSaA d- egkdky eafnj esa fdldh iwtk gksrh gS\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- yksx dgk¡Luku djrs gSa\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- mTtSu fdl unh osQ rV ij clk gS\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?k- mTtSu esa dkSu&lk izfln~/ eafnj gS\\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
14 i=&ys[ku (Letter Writing) i=k ,d ,slk lk/u gS] ftlosQ n~okjk ge vius ls nwj jgus okys fiz;tuksa rd viuh ckr igq¡pkrs gSaA i=k fy[kuk ,d dyk gSA i=k fy[krs le; è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckrsa& 1- i=k dh Hkk\"kk ljy vkSj Li\"V gksuh pkfg,A 2- i=k cgqr yack ugha gksuk pkfg,A 3- i=k Hkstus ds fy, lgh irk Kkr gksuk pkfg,A 4- i=k ges'kk ckbaZ rjiQ ls 'kq: djsa o nkbaZ rjiQ gh [kRe djsaA 5- fojke fpg~uksa dk mfpr iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A 6- i=k fy[krs le; mfpr lEcks/u dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A 1- vodk'k ds fy, izkFkZuk&i= lsok esa] iz/kukpk;kZ th ekWUV cky efUnj fon~;ky; ubZ fnYyhA 18 vizSy 20 × × fo\"k;& vodk'k osQ fy, izkFkZuk&i=kA egksn;k] lfou; fuosnu ;g gS] fd eSa d{kk rhljh ^v* dk Nk=k gw¡A eq>s dy jkr ls cq[kkj gSA vr% eSa fon~;ky; esa mifLFkr ugha gks ldrkA blfy, eq>s nks fnu dk vodk'k iznku djsaA 62 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vkidh vfr o`Qik gksxhA /U;oknA vkidk vkKkdkjh Nk=k r#u] d{kk&3 (v) 2- tUefnu ij fuea=.k ds fy, l[kh dks i= ,&25] xk¡/h uxj ubZ fnYyhA 15 ekpZ] 20 × × fo\"k;% tUefnu ij fuea=k.k osQ fy, i=kA fiz; l[kh xfjek] lizse ueLrs! bl ekg dh 30 rkjh[k dks 'kke ik¡p cts esjs tUefnu ij ek¡&firkth us ,d dk;ZØe j[kk gSA ;g esjs ?kj ij gh gksxkA blesa ukp&xkuk] [ksy] euksjatu] [kkus&ihus lHkh dk izca/ gSA rqe ”k:j vkukA rqEgsa cgqr e”kk vk,xkA ?kj ij lHkh dks esjk iz.kke dgukA vius NksVs HkkbZ dks vo'; ykukA eSa rqEgkjh izrh{kk d:¡xhA rqEgkjh l[kh] lqferk 3- firkth dks vius Ldw y vkSj i<+kbZ ds ckjs esa crkrs gq, i= fy[kksA VSxksj xkMZu ubZ fnYyhA 4 tuojh] 20 × × fo\"k;% firkth dks LowQy vkSj i<+kbZ osQ ckjs esa crkrs gq, i=kA vknj.kh; firkth] lknj iz.kkeA 63 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
ge lc ;gk¡oQq 'kyiow dZ gAS vk'kk djrk g¡w fd vki Hkh ogk¡LoLFk gkxsa As geas vkidh ;kn vkrh gAS bl i=k oQs }kjk eaS vkidks crkuk pkgrk ga¡w fd ejs k u;k LoQw y cgrq vPNk gAS FkkMs s+ gh fnukas eas e>q s ;gk¡,ls k yxus yxk gS fd eaS ;gk¡dk e/s koh fo|kFkhZ gA¡w LowQy esa esjh lHkh vè;kfidk,¡eq>s cgqr I;kj djrh gSaA eSa LowQy esa gksus okys [ksyowQn o okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkh Hkkx ys jgk gw¡A vk'kk dj jgk gw¡fd i<+kbZ osQ lkFk&lkFk bu izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa Hkh izFke LFkku ikÅ¡xkA vki fpark u dhft,xkA eSa eu yxkdj i<+kbZ d#¡xkA jksfgr vkidks cgqr ;kn djrk gSA vkidk vKkdkjh iq=k] vtqZu vkvks nksgjk,¡ • nwj cSBs yksxksa rd viuh ckr igq¡pkus dk lcls lLrk vkSj vPNk lk/u i=k gSA • i=k ljy vkSj Li\"V Hkk\"kk eas fy[kk tkuk pkfg,A • i=k cgqr yack ugha gksuk pkfg,A vH;kl dk;Z 1- vkius [ksyksa esa iqjLdkj izkIr fd;s gSaA vius fe=k dks i=k fy[kdj crkus osQ fy, uhps fy[ks i=k dks iwjk djksA ------------------------------------------- (viuk irk fyf[k,) ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- (fnukad fyf[k,) 64 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
fo\"k;% ------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------- (lacks/u) ------------------------------------------- rqe oSQls gks\\ eSa cgqr [kq'k gw¡A gekjs fon~;ky; esa [ksy izfr;ksfxrk gqbZ FkhA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (vius fe=k dks iqjLdkj thrus osQ ckjs esa crkb,) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ rqEgkjk fe=k] ------------------------------------------- (viuk uke fyf[k,) 2- fuEufyf[kr fo\"k;ksa ij i=k fy[kksA d- fe=k dks vius ?kj xzh\"ekodk'k esa vkus osQ fy, fuea=k.k i=k fy[kksA [k- NksVs HkkbZ dks d{kk esa izFke vkus ij c/kbZ i=k fy[kksA x- [ksy&izfr;ksfxrk esa izFke vkus ij fe=k dks c/kbZ i=k fy[kksA ?k- ekekth us vkiosQ vPNs vad vkus ij vkidks ,d ?kM+h nh FkhA mUgsa /U;okn dk i=k fy[kksA 65 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
15 vuqPNsn&ys[ku (Paragraph Writing) dksbZ n`'; ns[kdj gekjs eu esa rjg&rjg osQ fopkj vkrs gSaA vuqPNsn ys[ku cPpksa dh l`tukRed {kerk c<+kus dk cgqr gh vPNk ekè;e gSA vuqPNsn fdlh ,d Hkko ij fy[kk tkrk gSA vuqPNsn fy[kus ls igys cPpksa dks dqN fo'ks\"k ckrksa dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg,% 1- fn, x, fo\"k; ij eu esa fopkj djsaA 2- fo\"k; ij ,d Øe ls fopkj fy[ksaA 3- Hkk\"kk ljy] Li\"V vkSj 'kqn~/ gksA 4- lgh 'kCn vkSj lgh okD;ksa dk iz;ksx gksA 5- foLrkj ls cpsaA vuqPNsn&ys[ku esa Hkwfedk] fo\"k;&foLrkj vkSj ewY;kadu&lc ,d gh vuqPNsn esa fy[kk tkuk pkfg,A blesa vyx&vyx vuqPNsn ugha cusaxsA vuqPNsn dSls fy[ksa\\ w lcls igys fn, x, fo\"k; dh ^Hkwfedk* fyf[k,A w Øe ls fo\"k; dks Li\"V dhft,A w ewY;kadu ;kuh fo\"k; ls lacaf/r lq>ko vkfn nsrs gq, vius fopkj jf[k,A w vuqPNsn dk var Hkh Li\"Vr;k gksuk pkfg,] vkdfLed ughaA 66 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
esjh ek¡ ^ek¡* cksyrs gh eu vR;f/d [kq'k gks tkrk gSA esjh ek¡cgqr vPNh gSA esjh ek¡dk uke ehjk gSA os lk¡oysa jax dh gSaA muosQ yacs&yacs cky gSaA muosQ cky cgqr lqanj gSaA mudk LoHkko cM+k n;kyq gSA os ?kj osQ izR;sd lnL; dk è;ku j[krh gSaA og lcosQ fy, Hkkstu idkrh gSaA lcosQ LokLF; dk è;ku j[krh gSaA nknk&nknh dks le; ls nokb;k¡ nsrh gSaA eq>s fon~;ky; osQ fy, rS;kj djrh gSaA esjs fy, rjg&rjg osQ idoku cukrh gSaA eq>s i<+us esa enn djrh gSaA os ges'kk nwljksa dk vf/d è;ku j[krh gSa_ viuh vksj è;ku ugha nsrh gSaA os esjs fe=kksa dks Hkh cgqr I;kj djrh gSaA lHkh yksx esjh ek¡dh rkjhi+ Q djrs gSaA esjk fiz; fe= jk?ko esjk lcls vPNk fe=k gSA og lnk lki+Q&lFq kjk jgrk gAS og ekrk&firk] vius ls cMk+ as dk vkns'k ekurk gSA og izfrfnu fon~;ky; osQ x`gdk;Z dks djrk gSA ge nksuksa fon~;ky; esa lkFk&lkFk cSBrs gSaA jk?ko fdlh dh fuank ugha djrkA og cqjs 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx Hkh ugha djrkA tc eSa fon~;ky; ugha tkrk rks og eq>s esjk dk;Z djus esa enn djrk gSA ,d fnu eSa chekj gks x;k FkkA og esjs ?kj eq>ls feyus vk;k vkSj fon~;ky; ds dke djus esa esjh enn dhA rHkh eq>s irk pyk fd] og esjk lPpk lkFkh] lPpk fe=k gSA esjs ekrk&firk jk?ko dks cgqr I;kj djrs gSaA eq>s vius fe=k ij xoZ gSA 67 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
esjk tUefnu esjk tUefnu 10 ebZ dks vkrk gSA esjs eEeh&ikik gj lky esjk tUefnu cgqr /we/ke ls eukrs gSaA bl ckj Hkh esjk tUefnu cgqr /we/ke ls euk;k x;kA vius tUefnu ij eSaus lqcg tYnh mBdj nknk&nknh vkSj eEeh&ikik ds iSj Nq,A ugkdj u, diM+s igus vkSj eafnj esa iwtk dhA 'kke ds le; esjh eEeh us esjs lHkh nksLrksa dks ikVhZ esa cqyk;kA eSaus osQd dkVkA eq>s cgqr lkjs migkj feysA geus feydj dbZ [ksy [ksysA ikik us ge lcdh i+ QksVk [khaphA eSa viuh nknh ds lkFk [kwc ukpkA lcus eq>s tUefnu dh c/kbZ nhA vH;kl dk;Z fn, x, fo\"k; ij laosQr fcanqvksa dh lgk;rk ls vuqPNsn fy[kksA isM+&gekjs fe= loa Qs r fcna &q iMs + cgrq egÙoi.w kZ gS & iMs + /jrh oQs cVs s gaS & xfe;Z kas eas Nk;k nrs s g&aS geas budh j{kk djuh pkfg, & iMs + geas iQy] iQw y nrs s gaS & i;koZ j.k dks vkDW lhtu inz ku djrs gaS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 68 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
16 dgkuh&ys[ku (Story Writing) dgkfu;k¡ge lcdks vPNh yxrh gSaA rqe Hkh dgkfu;k¡fy[k ldrs gksA uhps fn, x, fp=k dks ns[kks vkSj dgkuh i<+ksA lgk;d 'kCn Vksihokyk] isM+ osQ uhps] uhan] canj] Vksfi;k¡] ijs'kku] uhan] udyph] ”kehu] xBjh] lw> ,d ckj ,d Vksfi;k¡cspus okyk ck”kkj tk jgk FkkA pyrs&pyrs og Fkd x;kA vkjke djus osQ fy, og ,d isM+ osQ uhps cSB x;kA mls uhan vk xbZA ml isM+ osQ Åij canj jgrs FksA canjksa us ns[kk fd isM+ osQ uhps oqQN lkeku j[kk gSA mUgksaus uhps vkdj Vksfi;k¡ fudkyuh 'kq: dhA Vksih cspus okys dks Vksih igus ns[kdj mudh le> esa vk x;k fd Vksih flj ij iguh tk,xhA lHkh canjksa us Vksfi;k¡igu yhaA oqQN nsj ckn Vksih cspus okys dh uhan [kqyhA mlus ns[kk fd mldh lkjh Vksfi;k¡cnjksa us igu j[kh gSaA og oqQN ijs'kku gks x;kA og tkurk Fkk fd canj udyph gksrs gSaA mls ,d rjdhc lw>hA mlus viuh Vksih flj ls mrkj dj ”kehu ij isQad nhA canjksa us Hkh ,slk gh fd;kA mlus tYnh ls lkjh Vksfi;k¡bdV~Bh djosQ xBjh esa j[k yhA mldh lw>&cw> ls lkjh Vksfi;k¡mls okil fey xb±A 69 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vH;kl dk;Z [kkyh LFkkuksa esa lgh 'kCn Hkjdj dgkuh iwjh dhft,A iyd gkFk jktk liuk vks>y lksus uUgha ph”kksa jktoqQekjh Nwrk ojnku g¡lh nq[kh ykyp csVh ,d ------------------- FkkA ,d ckj mlus ------------------- ns[kkA lius esa bZ'oj us jktk dks ojnku fn;k Fkk fd] og ftl ph”k dks Nq,xk] og ----------------------- dh cu tk,xhA lqcg gksus ij jktk us ik;k fd mldk liuk lp gks x;k FkkA og ftu&ftu ---------------- dks ---------------- tkrk] ogh lksus dh cu tkrhaA ;g ns[kdj jktk ”kksj&”kksj ls g¡lus yxkA jktk dh ----------------------- lqudj mldh bdykSrh ---------- ------------- ogk¡vk xbZA jktk us izlUurk ls viuh csVh osQ flj ij ----------------------- isQjkA vjs! ;g D;k\\ ----------------------- >idrs gh jktoqQekjh lksus dh ewfrZ esa cny xbZA jktk dh g¡lh xk;c gks xbZA og ----------------------- gksdj bZ'oj dks iqdkjus yxkA bl ckj bZ'oj lpeqp izdV gks x,A jktk us muls fourh dh] ¶gs izHkq! vki viuk ----------------------- okil ys yhft,A eSa vc dHkh ----------------------- ugha d:¡xkA¸ ¶,ls k gh gk!s ¸ b'Z oj us dgk vkjS os dgdj ----------------------- gks x,A mlh {k.k ----------------------- thfor gks mBhA bruk gh ugha] tks&tks ph”ksa lksus dh cu xbZ Fkha] os lc Hkh vius&vius :i esa vk xb±A ml fnu osQ ckn] jktk us ykyp djuk NksM+ fn;kA 70 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
vkn'kZ iz'u i=&2 (ikB & 9 ls 16) 1- uhps fn, x, 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn fy[kksA vPNkbZ × -------------------------- d- thr × -------------------------- [k- LoxZ × -------------------------- x- dM+ok × -------------------------- ?k- dk;j × -------------------------- Ä- mnkl × -------------------------- p- 2- fp=kksa osQ uhps muosQ nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn fy[kksA d- [k- x- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ 3- fn, x, js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fy[kdj okD; iqu% fy[kksA d- lej viuh mez ls T;knk cksyrk gSA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- fdlku cgqr esgur djrk gSA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x- fodkl esjs lkFk i<+rk gSA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 71 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
4- eqgkojksa dk iz;ksx dj okD; cukvksA d- ukS&nks X;kjg gksuk & ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [k- ikuh&ikuh gksuk & ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5- fuEu xn~;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa osQ mRrj nksµ o\"kkZ ½rq esa ckny [kwc cjlrs gSaA unh] ukys] rkykc vkfn ikuh ls Hkj tkrs gSaA pkjksa vksj gfj;kyh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA o\"kkZ vkus ij gesa xjeh ls jkgr feyrh gSA cPps ckfj'k esa ugkus nkSM+ iM+rs gSaA ou rFkk ckxksa esa eksj ia[k iSQykdj ukprs gSaA rkykcksa esa esa<d VjZ&VjZ djrsa gSaA o\"kkZ ½rq ls gesa ikuh feyrk gSA thus osQ fy, ikuh t#jh gSA d- o\"kkZ ½rq esa D;k Hkj tkrs gSa\\ ------------------------------------------------------------------ [k- ckfj'k vkus ij cPPks D;ksa nkSM+ iM+rs gSa\\ -------------------------------------------------- x- o\"kkZ vkus ij dkSu ia[k iSQykdj ukprk gS\\ ---------------------------------------------- 6- ^isM+ gekjs fe=k* ij vuqPNsn fy[kksA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 72 fganh O;kdj.k & 3
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