Building and Construction Authority

Consultancy Services for the Development ofConstruction Productivity R&D RoadmapIndustry Workshop21 March 2016 Tender Interview Presentation for Civil & Structural Engineering Consultancy Services 29 April 2013

Objectives of the Study

A Quick Recap on the Objectives of the Study  Develop a Comprehensive R&D Roadmap to enhance Construction Productivity by identifying new knowledge and technology gaps from now till 2030  Chart the pathways for technology interventions to address the industry challenges  Adopt a phased approach encompassing:  Technology Foresight  Socio-economic Predictions  Market Need Identification  Benchmarking of Other Efforts  Develop an implementation plan which will be validated by key stakeholders and international experts

The Project Team for the Study Meinhardt (Singapore) Pte Ltd LEAD CONSULTANTLangdon and Seah Singapore Frost & Sullivan (Singapore) Research Consultants Pte Ltd Pte Ltd (From NUS)COSTING EXPERTS ROADMAP EXPERTS Professor David Chua Kim Huat Asst. Prof Goh Yang Miang QS CONSULTANT

Our Approach for the Study Study Framework BenchmarkVisionCurrent State Singapore Needs Technology Construction - Singapore - + Prioritization Productivity Current State Gaps R&D for Tech; Roadmap Global TrendsTechnology Trends - Global 1 2 3 Workshop 3 Workshops Workshop Stages 1 - 5 Stages 6 - 8

Consultation with Academics, Industry Expertsand Stakeholders Workshops Focus Group Discussions• 4 workshops with close to 150 participants • Focus group discussions on (1) VDC, (2) from the industry, government and academia Lean Construction, (3) Data Analytics, (4) Process, ECI and Supply Chain• Inputs obtained on technology prioritisation, potential benefits and adoption challenges • Obtained in-depth input on prioritization of technology for construction productivity Industry Survey Site Visit and Expert/Specialist Consultation• 130 industry responses till date • Consultation with experts, e.g. SC3DP, SEF• Obtain industry inputs on their status of SpaceHub and SIMTech, IMRE, I2R, NTU, SUTD and NUS technology adoption, demand for technologies, and R&D investments (if any) • Obtained insights on ongoing research & development projects, future development of technologies

Key ConsiderationsKey questions were addressed during the development of the ConstructionProductivity R&D Roadmap for Singapore.• How much would it cost to develop the Assessment of • Would Singapore have sufficient industry technology locally? Industry demand to justify R&D? Demand• What financial and regulatory support • Which sectors of the construction industry would be required to incentivise adoption? would have demand for the technology? Cost of Level ofdevelopment expertise inand adoption Singapore and abroad• Are there industry players currently using Technology • Does Singapore have expertise in that the technology in Singapore? maturity in Singapore and technology area?• What is the level of R&D required for the technology to be applied commercially? abroad • Development directions: • Developing domain expertise indigenously • Partnering with foreign experts • Purchasing technology from overseas

Global Scanning of Potential Technologies Through secondary research, trend analysis and workshop discussions, a long list of 150 technologies/applications were identified.Topic Application3D Printing Low Volume, Highly Customised Components Over 150 Combining robots and 3-D printing (e.g. Tiling)3D Printing3D PrintinRgobotics ComplexSSittreuicntusrpeesc(teio.gn. rOorbgoatnsic(cSohlalapbeos,rarotiuvgeh) geometries, curvilinear) & Technologies/ ComplexAFsosrimstwivoerrko(beo.gts. t3oDlifptrhinetainvgyipnatrhtes/eaqiru) ipment Robotics3D PrintinRgoboticsTopic One-off LCaorglleabInofrraatAsivtperuptclritacunarsetpioaonrtdatligohntrwobeoigtshting in construction Applications Identified3D PrintinRgoboticsICT Printing/CMuasitnotmenisaanItcnioetnerlloigbf eosnpt ta(airneuvtpeoannrtootmsryomusa)nagement system Through Our3D PrintinRgoboticsIICCTT BBIIMMPrototypiFngloorf 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damping film Steel Concrete Full adoption of SSGEaNlva2n0iz6ing Steel Concrete Automation of readSyp-mraiyx-ocnofnircerpertoeofpinlagnts Steel Concrete Steel Improved hydrationUpdate construction methods to integrate steel works Concrete Steel Glass bubbles Self-healing steel - memory alloy for impact areas Concrete Steel Change in mindsetGinreienntemrparek tation of good surface finishes Steel Steel-frame PPVC modules

Technology Maturity Curve Technologies were plotted against the technology maturity curve based on their TRL levels to assess the time and effort required to develop each technology. TRL 8 TRL 9 TRL 9 System in final form and TRL 8 ready for commercialisation TRL 7 Focus of TRL 7 roadmap TRL 6 Demonstrates that theTechnology Maturity Level TRL 6 TRL 5 concept actually works TRL 4 TRL 5 TRL 3 Validates that the concept will TRL 2 work TRL 4 TRL 1 Analytical studies to proof of TRL 3 concept experiments TRL 2 TRL 1 Time & Effort  The Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is an objective approach used for decision making on R&D investments  Lower TRL will require more effort/cost required to achieve commercial adoption readinessSource: European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EU), National Research Foundation (Singapore), Department of Defense (US)

Technology Prioritisation MatrixThe Technology Prioritisation Matrix was then used to prioritise key technologiesand applications. Technology Prioritisation Matrix Productivity Impact H Tier 1 • Productivity impact aids prioritisation of R&D areas. It measures the productivity impact for the affectedProductivity Impact construction phase. Productivity impact of a technology is rated as: – Low (up to 15% improvement in productivity), – Moderate (15 - 25% improvement in productivity) – High (>25% improvement in productivity) M Tier 2 Level of Effort L • Effort for adoption of the technology aids the development of the R&D roadmap. The National Research Foundation’s Technology Readiness Level (TRL) is an indicator used to estimate effort for adoption. HM L Level of EffortSource: http://www.nrf.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/definitions-of-trls.pdf?sfvrsn=0

Current State of the Industry

Construction Productivity in SingaporeWorksite productivity has steadily improved over the last few years. However, this isshort of Singapore’s Construction Industry productivity improvement target of 2 to 3%per annum. There is a need to seek higher productivity gains in the next few years. VISION Improvement in Site Achievement Productivity To build a highly integrated & (from 2009 – 2014) technologically advanced (Floor area completed per construction sector led by manday) 1.2%progressive firms & supported by a skilled and competent workforce by 2020. Productivity 0.3%Improvement TargetAverage of 2% – 3% per annum till 2020

Construction Productivity in SingaporeChallenges faced include a strong reliance on low cost manpower and anunwillingness to invest in technology. Several key initiatives have been launched toaddress these challenges. Key Initiatives to Address Productivity Challenges Facilitate Capital Develop a Higher Quality Promote Integration Investment Workforce of Value ChainChampion technology adoption • Transform current largely un- Promote integration across theon site and manufacturing off- skilled workforce into one value chain and better projectsite (e.g. DfMA) that is higher skilled to management through BIM/VDC facilitate adoption of and ECI approach• Public Sector take the lead technology• Incentivise private sector • Quality jobs will increase, adoption potentially leading to better talent attraction and• Levelling up standards retention for the industry through mandatory requirements

Survey StatisticsRespondents consisted of Consultants, Developers, Builders, Precast/Prefab andOthersTypes of companies N=13011.93% 16.51% Consultants (Architect, Engineer, QS) 13.76% Developer40.37% Precast/Prefab 1.84% Builder (>$50 mil) 15.60% Builder (<$50 mil) Others (BIM/ICT Suppliers, IHLs, others)

Industry Demand – Online SurveyThrough an industry survey, we identified some technologies and processes whichthe industry deems important, and has adopted or plans to adopt 20 most important technologies/processes (out of list of 51) and their adoption status100% 90% 88% 87% 85% 84% 84% 100% 90% 81% 81% 79% 79% 78% 76% 75% 74% 72% 72% 90% 80% 67% 65% 65% 64% 80% 70% 70%60% 60%50% 50%40% 40% Not adopted Plan to adopt30% 30% Adopted Important20% 20%10% 10%0% 0%

Industry Demand – Online SurveyTop 20 technologies/processes that the industry plans to adopt.Technologies/processes which Industry Plans to Adopt PPVC 38.5% Design of Connection for PPVC 35.8% Intelligent inventory management 33.0% 29.4% VDC 29.4% Interoperability of BIM 26.6% Cloud-based collaborative platform 25.7% Asset tracking - heavy equipment 24.8% Mobile devices for inspection logs 23.9% 23.9% Big data analytics 22.9% Integrated Project Delivery 22.9% 22.9% Cross-laminated timber 22.9% DfMA 22.0% 21.1% Self-compacting concrete 21.1% AR and VR for design visualisation 20.2% 18.4% Integrated cassette floor system 17.4% Lean management 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%AR and VR for construction coordination Video analytics Self-healing concrete Engineered timber 0%

Technology is an Area ofOpportunity for Singapore

Global Construction IndustryGoing forward, the global construction sector is forecast to become a USD 15 trillionindustry by 2025. It will account for 13.5% of global GDP and will grow faster thanthe global GDP.Historic and Forecast Growth for Construction Forecast growth by Key Segments Industry Value-Added 2015-2025 8%12% 7%10% 6% 8% 6% 5% 4% 2% 4% 0%-2% 3%-4% 2% 1% 2009-13 2014 2015-20 2020-24 0% Residential Non residential Civil Engineering EU 15 USA Japan China India World EU 15 USA Japan China IndiaSource: Oxford Economics, Construction Intelligence Center, Frost & Sullivan Analysis

Global Construction IndustrySingapore’s export for Construction Services has performed relatively well ascompared to other major economies. There is potential for Singapore to furtherdevelop our capabilities to seize opportunities in overseas markets.21.8 31.9 40.5 34.3 USD, BillionPercentage Share of Export for Construction Services Construction and related engineering services includes construction work for buildings and civil engineering, installation and assembly work, building completion and finishing work. Architectural and engineering services are classified as part of “professional services”. Source: WTO

Construction in Future – ICPH as an EnablerThe ICPH will be a key enabler of Singapore’s strategy, providing an off-siteenvironment where construction can be automated, mechanised and standardised. Reduce Faster manpower construction requirements due to use of by 50% - 60% automation and robotics due to mechanisat- ion Low land ICPH High qualityfootprint due ICPH standardisedto multi-story components production facility anduse of ASRS for storageFacilitates use Noise andof DfMA due to pollutionmanufacturing reduced at construction within a controlled sites environment

Strategic Imperatives for SingaporeThese 3 cornerstones can potentially lever up and globalise the capabilities ofSingapore’s construction industry. Develop and Export DfMA Technologies (including ICPH capabilities) The 3 Partnership Cornerstones and test bed Leverage on use of Singapore’s Automation and Smart lead in Construction BIM+VDC(export potential)

The Construction ProductivityR&D Roadmap for Singapore Our Technology Pathway to the Future

Technology Maturity Curve In terms of time and effort, technologies typically take around 3 years for it to progress through each TRL. TRL 9 TRL 8 32 6 9 13 TRL 7 27 29 10 11 12 8 22 23 24 26 19 TRL 6 30 4 25 21 31 20Technology Maturity Level 18 7 33 TRL 5 14 16 Legend 1 3D Printing 2 Automated Equipment 34 35 ICT DfMA TRL 4 Materials 5 15 17 28 3 TRL 3 Civil Engineering TRL 2 BIM/VDCTRL 1 Applied Research Adoption Time & Basic Research Effort

Technology Prioritisation Matrix 33 1. Low vol, complex 21. Steel - Automated steel architectural shapes structure inspection method H 28 14 5 3 12 21 6 22 32 2. Moulds, formworks and 22. Steel - Low cost fire 4 15 11 27 reinforcement protection coatings 23 3. Robots for ICPH & on-site 23. Steel – Corrosion protectionProductivity Impact M 30 18 19 10 9 4. Smart Hoisting coating with longer 35 31 20 21 24 8 13 5. Load Carrying Drones for durability (>20 yrs) 26 25 34 construction tasks 24. Timber – Extend use of 6. Inspection Drones and structural timber (Glulam / 7 29 CLT/ Hybrid) Robots 17 7. Tiling Robot 25. Hybrid/Composite use of 8. Painting Robot timber (Concrete/Steel) L 16 9. Inventory and Asset Mgt 10. Logistic Simulation 26. AM – FRP rebar to replace * Squares indicate 11. Monitoring and inspection steel reinforcement in RC TRL 3-6 12. Data Analytics 13. Project Management 27. E-Tunnelling and SMART HM L 14. Interoperable Platform TBM 15. Digitised construction Level of Effort 28. Use of Precast Volumetric phase into integrated Blocks for underground (incorporates TRL ,Adoption Issues & Industry Readiness) platform development 16. LWC and fiber composition concrete materials for 29. Adoption of jacked structure PPVC construction technique 17. Design of PPVC with size and weight constraint 30. Mega TBM for Multiple Rail 18. Concrete – High strength, Tracks, Roads and Stations LWC for structural Construction 19. Concrete - Reduce cost, find sub. aggregates for 31. Fully Automated unmanned SCC construction system using 20. Concrete - Fiber Composite pneumatic caisson method Concrete for steel reinforcement replacement 32. Mobility of info in building projects 33. Facilities and Asset Mgt 34. Smart BIM Tools 35. AR/VR for visualisation and coordination 3D Printing Automated Equipment ICT DfMA, PPVC, ICPH Materials Civil Engineering BIM/VDC and AR/VR

Key Technologies (Tier 1) List of technologies identified ‘Tier 1’, where they have High Productivity Impact and Low/Moderate effort for development and adoption.Productivity ImpactTier 1 technologies are those with Low /Moderate BIM/VDC and Tier 1 Technologies Level of Effort and High Productivity Impact AR/VR ICT • Mobility of info in building projects H Tier 1 • BIM for Facilities and Asset Management 3D printing M Automated • Monitoring and inspection Equipment • Data Analytics • Interoperable Platform DfMA, PPVC, ICPH - • Robots for ICPH and on-site • Smart Hoisting • Inspection Drones and Robots • Load Carrying Drones for construction tasks • Digitised Construction phase into integrated platform L Materials • Steel - Automated steel structure inspection method • Steel - Low cost fire protection coatings HM L Civil • Steel – Corrosion protection coating with longer durability Engineering (>20 yrs) • E-Tunnelling and Smart TBM Level of Effort TRL 3-6

Key Technologies (Tier 2) List of technologies identified ‘Tier 2’, where they have Moderate Productivity Impact and Low/Moderate effort for development and adoption. Tier 2 technologies are those with Low/Moderate BIM/VDC and Tier 2 Technologies Level of Effort and Moderate Productivity Impact AR/VR ICT • Smart BIM Tools H • AR/VR for visualisation and coordination 3D printingProductivity Impact • Inventory and Asset Management Automated • Logistic Simulation Equipment • Project Management • Low-volume, complex architectural shapes • Moulds, formworks and reinforcement • Painting Robot • Tiling Robot Tier 2M DfMA, PPVC, • Design of PPVC with size and weight constraint ICPH L Materials • Concrete - High strength, LWC for structural • Concrete - Reduce cost, find sub. aggregates for SCC HM L Civil • Concrete - Fiber Composite Concrete for steel reinforcement Engineering Level of Effort replacement • Timber - Extend use of structural timber (glulam/CLT/hybrid) for buildings greater than 24 meters • Hybrid/Composite use of timber (Concrete/Timber/Steel) • AM - FRP rebar to replace steel reinforcement in RC • Adoption of jacked structure construction technique • Mega TBM for Multiple Rail Tracks, Roads and Stations Construction • Fully Automated unmanned construction system using pneumatic caisson method TRL 3-6

Construction of the Future – Smart ConstructionGoing forward, there is a need to drive industry productivity due to changes inbusiness climate and increased competition. This will involve analysing how currentR&D efforts may transform and contribute to the construction process of the future. ECI/IPDBIM/VDC Design Process BIM/VDC Smart Hoisting Integrated Supply • ICPH Chain Management • PPVC, PBU,• Robotics• UAS Logistics M&E Services• Mobile Apps • Robotics• VR & AR • Smart tracking (with • 3D Printing• Sensors RFID and/or sensors) Production• Materials Construction Site • Just-in-Time On Site 3D Printing Delivery StrategyAssembly

Overall Roadmap Short-term Medium-term Long-term 2016 – 2020 2020 – 2025 2025 – 2030Automated Equipment 3DP ICT BIM/ VDC Improving Mobility of Information Real-time AR/VR integration Creating Smart BIM tools BIM for Facilities and Asset Management AR/VR as enabling tool for BIM- design visualization & construction coordination Development of mobile applications Interoperable platform and common data platform Development of data analytics capabilities (including video analytics) Materials Research Development of printer technology Robots for ICPH Robots for on-site construction Smart Hoisting (Semi automated) Smart Hoisting (Fully automated) Inspection / Surveillance drones and robots Load carrying drones for construction tasks Tiling Robot Painting RobotDfMA Digitized Construction phase into the integrated platform with DfMA Design of prefab volumetric units on size and weight constraint; improve connection detail LWT concrete (LWC) and fiber composite concrete Prototype Ready for Commercialisation

Overall Roadmap Short-term Medium-term Long-term 2016 – 2020 2020 – 2025 2025 – 2030 Automated steel structure inspection methods Improved fire protection coatings with low cost Corrosion protection coatings with longer durability of more than 20 years Use of structural timber in taller buildings; improve connection design and fire resistanceMaterials Development of Hybrid System (Concrete/Timber/Steel) Fiber-reinforce polymer rebar and fiber composite concrete to replace steel reinforcement Light weight, High Strength Concrete (LWC) for Structural Elements Self-compacting concrete using local materials Validate use of FRP in RC e-Tunnelling and Smart TBMCivil Engineering Jacked Structures Construction Precast Volumetric Blocks for underground construction Mega TBM for Multiple Rail Tracks, Roads and Stations Construction Fully Automated unmanned construction system using pneumatic caisson method Prototype Ready for Commercialisation

R&D Roadmap for BIM/VDC and AR/VR Research focus Short Medium Long Term Outcome Development of mobile application Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Milestone - Interoperable mobile applications that can process full BIM model Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10Creating Smart BIM Tools Improving Mobility of Information (regardless of model origin) and perform multiple functions such as aiding building and > BIM is fully safety inspections, tracking schedule and allows for instantaneous communication. integrated with *Requires the improvement to mobile/tablet technology (faster processing speeds) AR/VR. The ability to create Integration of NPQS and BIM 3D model, analyse design, Milestone - The integrated NPQS and BIM can provide a standardize set BIM plan construction, specification for projects and a standardized set of digital BIM object library. carry out facility management Develop wearable AR devices to replace mobile devices processes in the real world with Milestone - The hand-held mobile devices will be replaced by wearable AR devices the virtual image (using to enable greater convenience to user and provide a superior visualization of information just gestures and immediate analysis of situation (in reality rather than looking at a screen from and voice) and devices). allow *Developed in tandem with AR technology. instantaneous communication Develop algorithm that can perform automated task with all stakeholders. Milestone - There will be a set of algorithm that can perform functions like optimisation of design, analysis, problem solving and aiding decision making and testing it on simple building objects (e.g. column-beam-slab). This will incorporate the set of specifications from NPQS. Milestone - The same set of algorithm but use for small houses/low rise buildings. Develop the tools that incorporates these algorithms Milestone - Tools that has \"artificial intelligence\" to help users to create BIM model and analyse it at the same time during design/construction. Tools that can deconstruct BIM model for DfMA to optimise production of parts. Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for BIM/VDC and AR/VR Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Integrating BIM and Building Management Systems(BMS) Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Milestone – BIM and BMS are integrated such that any objects in the building is Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10BIM for Facilities and linked to the BIM model and shown through devices and at the same time, people can > At the same Asset Management obtain any live performance data of building systems remotely or while walking through time, there is the building. artificialAR/VR as enabling tool for BIM- design *requires the use of sensor technologies intelligence to visualization &construction coordination guide the Integrating BIM, BMS and AR/VR modelling process Milestone – BIM, BMS and AR are integrated such that the user have superior > Tools with AI visualization of the building objects (via wearable AR) and able retrieve live information which can and some form of analysed data and have instant communication (video or messaging) automatically capability. create suitable *requires the development of various AR capabilities model elements based on initial Location awareness in a building and real-time data visualisation sketch. Milestone – As the user points the wearable AR device in the building, the images captured are sent to server site via cloud computing which will be compared against a database. Server will send data from the database back to the user (corresponding to the user's location) who can see all information pertaining to the object at real time. Object edge recognition Milestone – The AR device can tell the difference between objects especially in construction site where it is cluttered with people and equipment. Design in real 3D space (not desktop) with touch sensitive visuals and ability to communicate at the same time. Milestone – Bring the design and communication from desktop to real 3D space. Multiple parties can work on the design at the same time and space. Development of AR/VR as tools for training Milestone – The user do not need to refer to 2D manual for training and people can learn faster from the real time visuals. Workers can go through training in any kind of situation realistically and it will improve response time of workers when real situation happens. Integrating BIM together with various AR capabilities, interoperable platform and common data platform Milestone – A device that has various AR capabilities, able to link with BIM model and interoperable with BIM model of any origin. Prototype Ready for commercialisation Secondary Adap

R&D Roadmap for ICT Short Medium Long Outcome Term Research focus Term Term Development of Yr 10 - 15 an interoperable Development and integration of mobile applications Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 platform that integrate end-to-Common Data and Milestone - Interoperability standards for mobile application Beta end software in Interoperability Milestone 2 - Interoperable mobile applications/software Beta all phases of construction Interoperable Platform projects, and where industry Milestone – Interoperability standards players can share Milestone 2 – Beta platform project data Milestone 3 – Fully operational interoperable platformData Analytics Data analytics Common Data Platform and video analytics are Milestone – Data sharing protocol and privacy policy commonly used Milestone 2 – Beta platform to manage Milestone 3 – Fully operational common data platform productivity Data analytics capabilities Milestone - Identification of pain points and data classification and privacy policy, standardization of data collection Milestone 2 - Guidelines on report generation (e.g. performance indicators) and how to use these to support decision making Video analytics capabilities Milestone – Video analytics capability to recognize major elements in construction sites Milestone 2 – Video analytics capability robust enough to conduct inspection independent of human interference, integration of video analytics with robotics/drones Milestone 3 – Integration with AR and VR Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for 3D printing Short Medium Long Outcome Term Research focus Term Term Yr 10 - 15 3D printing of Metal Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 Milestone – Prototype of metal with sufficient strength and quality surface finishing Milestone – Metal with sufficient strength and quality surface finishingMaterials Research 3D printing of Concrete Development of concrete, metal Milestone – Prototype of concrete material with sufficient strength and and polymer 3D quality surface finishing printing to be commonly used Milestone – Concrete material with sufficient strength and quality surface for low-volume, finishing highly customised components. 3D printing of other materials (e.g. sand, glass) Milestone – Prototype of materials with sufficient strength and quality surface finishing for non-structural components Milestone – Materials with sufficient strength and quality surface finishing for non-structural components Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for 3D printing Short Medium Long Outcome Term Research focus Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Development of concrete extrusion 3D printer Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10Development of Printer Milestone – Prototype of concrete extrusion 3D printer Development of Technology Milestone – Concrete extrusion 3D printer 3D printers that Milestone – Improvement in detail 3D printer is able to achieve for can architectural components accommodate various demands Development of multi-material 3D printer in Singapore. Milestone – Prototype of multi-material 3D printer for architectural components Milestone –Multi-material 3D printer for architectural components Integration of 3D printing with Drone / Robotic Technologies Milestone – Prototype of 3D printing Drone / Robot Milestone – 3D printing Drone / Robot Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Automated Equipment Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Smart Hoisting (Semi – Automated) Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Milestone – Prototype of semi-automated Smart Hoisting, with features Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 such as anti-twist, anti-sway, self-alignment, and self-adjustment to aidSmart Hoisting operator Use of Smart Hoisting in both Milestone –Semi-automated Smart Hoisting, with features such as anti- ICPH and on- twist and anti-sway to aid operator site settingsDrones Smart Hoisting (Fully – Automated) Use of drones for surveillance, Milestone – Prototype of fully automated Smart Hoisting with anti- safety collision capabilities inspections, land surveying Milestone – Fully Automated Smart Hoisting with anti-collision and carrying capabilities loads/ performing Milestone – Synchronisation of Smart hoisting with logistics capabilities tasks in difficult- to achieve real time optimisation to-reach areas Inspection / Surveillance / Land-survey drones and robots Milestone – Prototype of drones with sensor-reading, autonomous flight and obstacle avoidance capabilities Milestone - Drones with sensor-reading, autonomous flight and obstacle avoidance capabilities Load carrying drones for construction tasks Milestone – Prototype with improvements in payload, battery life and geolocation technology, drone fleet coordination Milestone – Drones capable of performing construction tasks Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Automated Equipment Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Robots for general construction tasks Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Milestone - Fully automated industrial robot able to perform construction Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 tasks in an ICPH setting ICPH On site Milestone - Fully automated industrial robot able to perform constructionRobotics tasks in on-site setting For automated equipment to be Painting Robot for interior wall used for flooring, Milestone - Fully automated painting robot for interior walls painting and assorted Painting Robot for exterior wall of high rise buildings construction tasks such as Milestone - Fully automated painting robot for exterior walls drilling, cutting and installation Tiling Robot Milestone - Prototype of tiling robot able to apply adhesive and irregularly shaped tiles Milestone - Tiling robot able to apply adhesive and irregularly shaped tiles Milestone - Extension of technology to other floor types Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for DfMA and PPVC/PBU Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Integrated VDC / BIM platform prototype facilitating Term Term VDC / BIM is DfMA and PPVC design collaboration with lean Yr 10 - 15 used by project construction concepts workflow throughout project Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 teams to value chain with emphasis on ICPH and contractors collaborateDigitized Construction phase within using DfMA and integrated platform for DfMA and Lean Milestone - Contractor & ICPH teams are ready to collaborate PPVC principles using project BIM model to prepare & produce precast components Management using DfMA and PPVC principles, and enabling lean supply chain Smart supply chain management (with smart hoisting) Smart design optimized for ICPH and on-site and supply chain Milestone - Fully integrated supply chain management significantly management reducing waste and increase efficiency and value are used to design, Development of Smart design tools to enhance production and collaboration and on-site constructability site installation Milestone - Designers are able to design with constructability and Ultra DfMA principles, and fully utilize PPVC performance LWC is used toUsage of LWT concrete Development of ultra-performance light weight concrete produce PPVC (LWC) and fiber composite meeting fire (LWC) for PPVC units safety concrete materials for requirements PPVC Milestone – Light weight and ultra high strength concrete will be (particularly available for PPVC construction promoting PPVC adoption fiber composites) Validate new ultra-performance LWC (particularly fiber composites) against fire safety requirements Milestone - PPVC units will satisfy SCDF fire code requirements Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for DfMA and PPVC/PBU Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Design of PPVC units in consideration of LTA traffic Term Term PPVC units’ requirements Yr 10 - 15 transportation is Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 designed with Milestone - Significant improvement to efficiency in transporting consideration ofDesign of PPVC Units based on PPVC units LTA traffic size and weight constraint and requirements Design of PPVC units in consideration of efficiency of improved connection detail on-site hoisting, ease of unit-to-unit connection and PPVC unit is design to enhance site installation reduction of wastage due to modular design designed with consideration of Milestone - Significant improvement to efficiency in installing PPVC hoisting, units connection and modularity Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Concrete Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Development of new ultra-performance LWC as Term Term structural elements Yr 10 - 15 Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 Milestone – Prototype of new ultra performance LWC as structuralLight weight, Ultra Performance Concrete (LWC) (SCC) using for Structural Elements elements Ultra performance Milestone 2 – Validated LWC structural elements in operational LWC for environment structural useSelf- Compacting Concrete local materials Development of SCC with possible local materials to SCC using local reduce cost materials toFiber Composite reduce costs Concrete (FCC) for Milestone – Prototype of SCC using local materials Steel Reinforcement Milestone 2 – SCC with local materials FCC rebar meeting fire Replacement Use of Fibre-composite concrete (FCC) as alternative safety for reinforced concrete, i.e. remove need for steel rebar requirements is used as Milestone – Validate FCC for use in operational environment reinforcement in Milestone 2 – FCC meets fire safety requirements as alternative concrete for reinforced concrete Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Steel Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Development of automated/portable inspection of steel Term Term structures under site conditions Yr 10 - 15 Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 Milestone – Prototype of automated/portable inspection equipmentDevelopment of to inspect steel structure under site conditions Automated/port automated steel able inspection structure inspection Milestone – Validation of automated/portable inspection equipment for equipment in operational environment inspecting steel methods structure for corrosion and other defectsDevelopment of low- Development of new low cost fire protection coatings Low-cost fire cost fire protection that that meets fire safety requirement in operational protection coatings that can last environment coating for steel longer than the SCDF structure that fire rating standard Milestone – Prototype of fire protection costings that meets fire meets fire safety requirements safetyDevelopment of corrosion requirements protection coatings with Milestone – Validate fire protection coatings that meets fire safety requirments in operational environment Durable longer durability (> 20 corrosion years) Development of new durable corrosion protection protection coatings coatings to protect steel Milestone – Prototype of durable corrosion protection coatings for structure from steel structure to protect it from corrosion corrosion for > 20 years Milestone – Validate corrosion protection coatings for steel structure in operational environment Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Timber Short Medium Long Outcome Term Research focus Term Term • All round Yr 10 - 15 protection Development of coatings to increase fire ratings to Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 coatings for enable construction of buildings higher than 24 m timber toR&D to extend the Use of Structural Timber (Glulam/ increase its CLT / Hybrid Composite) for various building and Milestone – Prototype of timber protection coatings to increase its fire rating facility construction greater than 24 m high fire rating value value to meet buildings beyond fire Validate new developments in operational environment safety requirements Milestone – Validated timber protection coatings in operational environment to enable construction of buildings for higher than 24m • New laminated Development of adhesives to increase fire ratings to adhesives to enable construction of buildings higher than 24 m adhere longer than CLT and Milestone – Prototype of timber laminated adhesives to increase Glulam for its fire rating value durability of timber Validate new developments in operational environment Milestone – Validated timber laminated adhesives in operational environment to enable construction of buildings for higher than 24m Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Timber Short Medium Long Outcome Term Research focus Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Development of Hybrid System (Concrete/Timber) Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10Development of Hybrid System Milestone – Prototype the hybrid system with concrete and timber Prototype of (Concrete/Timber/Steel) hybrid system Validation of Hybrid System (Concrete/Timber) (concrete/timber) Milestone – Application of Hybrid System (Concrete/Timber) in Application of practice hybrid system in practice Development of Hybrid System (Concrete/Steel) Milestone – Prototype the hybrid system with concrete and Prototype of hybrid system timber (concrete/steel) Validation of Hybrid System (Concrete/Steel) Application of Milestone – Application of Hybrid System (Concrete/Steel) in hybrid system in practice practice Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Advanced Materials Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Term Term Yr 10 - 15 Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10RFiber-Reinforce Polymer (FRP) rebar Validate use of FRP rebar in RC under operational replacing steel reinforcement in RC environment Milestone – Validated FRP rebar use as reinforcement in concrete • Use of FRP that meets fire safety requirements in operational environment rebar as reinforcement in concrete that meets the fire safety requirements Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Civil Engineering Works Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Development of concept using configurable blocks Term Term as precast volumetric element to form a building type Yr 10 - 15 Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10 Milestone – Prototype of configurable blocks for differentThe use and design of Precast building types Scaled model of Volumetric Blocks for configurable Scaled modelling of underground construction using blocks for constructing underground precast volumetric blocks underground buildings such as train building Milestone – Scaled modelling of configurable blocks development stations, malls, commercial & residentialAdoption of Validation of jacked structure construction technique Using jacked Jacked Structures for underground projects (e.g. underpass, MRT structures stations) to maintain uninterrupted surface services technique for Construction underpass and Technique for Milestone – Validated jacked structures technique for use in MRT station underground operational environment to construct an underpass construction construction Validation of TBM Control data Centre (TCC) system TCC use ine-Tunnelling and and application platform tunneling Smart TBM projects to Milestone – Validated TCC system that reads in TBM data and manage use for monitoring and managing tunneling activities tunneling activities Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

R&D Roadmap for Civil Engineering Works Research focus Short Medium Long Outcome Term Concept Development of Large-Diameter Urban Term Term Tunnel using mega TBM to create multiple levels for Yr 10 - 15 rails tracks, roads and stations Yr 1 – 5 Yr 5 – 10Large Diameter TBM Tunnelling for Milestone – Scaled model of tunnel with multiple levels created Scaled model of Multiple Rail Tracks, Roads and for various usage within the tunnel tunnel Stations Construction demonstrating Validation of Large-Diameter Tunnelling using mega multiple usage. TBM in practice. Application of Milestone – Application of Large Diameter TBM for urban Large Diameter tunnelling TBM for tunneling in reality.Fully Automated un-manned Concept Development of Automatic Unmanned Scaled model of construction system using pneumatic Pneumatic Caisson Method for deep excavation pneumatic caisson using robotic excavators under operation chamber method for deep caisson method pressure excavation assessing its Milestone – Scaled model of pneumatic caisson with operation potential assessment performance. Validation of Automatic Pneumatic Caisson Method Application of for deep excavation in practice unmanned pneumatic caisson Milestone – Application of Automatic Pneumatic Caisson for in practice deep excavation replacing conventional excavation. Prototype Ready for Commercialisation Secondary Adaptation

Thank YouTender Interview Presentation forCivil & Structural EngineeringConsultancy Services29 April 2013