اضواء على اصول الدين وفروعه

         

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺤﻘﻮق ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭﺁﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩ ﹶﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮ ‪‬ﺝ ﺭﻭﺣﻚ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻘﻚ‪ ‬ﻭﺗﺴﻤﻮ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻮ ﻓﺈﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺼــﻼﺓ ﻣﻌــﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺝ ﺍﻟﻤــﺆﻣﻦ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻌــﺮ‪‬ﺝ ﺑﻨﻔﺴــ ‪‬ﻚ ﻓــﺎﻃﹼﻠﻊ ﻋﻠــﻰ ﺍﻟﻌــﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺬ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ‪ ‬ﻗﺴﻄﺎﹰ ﻭﺍﻓﺮﹰﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﻬﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼـﻔﻮ ﻭﺗﻬﻔـﻮ ﻧﻔﺴـﻚ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺤﺒﻴـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺸـﻮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻻ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺇﹺﻻ ﺑﻨﻴـ ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻌﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻻ ﺗﺼ ‪‬ﺢ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﺼ‪‬ﻴﺮ ﻧﻴﺘﻚ‪ ‬ﷲ ﻭﺣﺪ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﺒ ‪‬ﻦ ﺭﻳﺎ ًﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺳ‪‬ﻌﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺯﻗﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺑﻌـﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻁ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨـﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠـﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮ ِﺀ ﺧﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺻ‪‬ﹶﻠ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‪ ‬ﺑﺮ‪‬ﺑـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌـﺖ ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻌـﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﱢـﹶﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﺖ ﺩﺍﻣﺖ ﺍﻟ ﱢﺼﻠﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﹸﻗﺒﹺﻠﺖ ﹸﻗﹺﺒـﻞﹶ ﻣـﺎ ﺳـﻮﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺭ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﺕ ﺭ‪ ‬ﺩ ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻ‪‬ﻠﹶﺘ ‪‬ﻚ ﺑﺨﺎﻟﻘﻚ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋـﺔ ﻭﺃﻧـﺖ ﺗﺘﻘـﺮ ‪‬ﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻛﺎﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺤـﺞ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـ ّﹺﻮ ‪‬ﺻـﹶﻠﺘﻚ‪ ‬ﺑﺮﺑـﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻮﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖﹶ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﻨﻚ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻚ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﺔ ‪-‬ﻟﻮ ﺻﺢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‪ -‬ﻛﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻓـﺎﺧﺘﺮ ﻣ‪‬ـ ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺫﺍ‬ ‫‪‬ﺻﻠﹶﺔ‪ ‬ﺟﻴ‪‬ﺪﺓ ﻭﺇﹺﻻ ﻓﻼ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ‪ -‬ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤـﻮﻥ‪ -‬ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴـﺮ ﻟﻠﺼـﻼﺓ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻗ‪‬ﺴﻤﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺻﻼﺓﹲ ﻣ‪‬ﻔﺮﺩﺓ ﻭﺻﻼﺓﹸ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﺻ‪‬ﻠﹶ ﹲﺔ ﺑﺮﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻴـﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌـﺔ ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﻑ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻟﺴﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﺼﺪﺩ‪ ‬ﻋـﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟـﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴـﺘﺤﺐ ﻓﻠﻌـ ﱠﻞ ﺃﻛﺜـﺮﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻤـﺎ ﻳﺠـﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﻠـﻢ ﻫـﻮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺃﻋـﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺴﺘﺤﺐ ‪‬ﺿﻌ ‪‬ﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺩ ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀٍ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻳـﺪﻝﱡ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴـﺰ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐـﺔ ﻟﻬـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﻓـﻼ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻬﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﻌﻮﺍ ﺷـﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻓﺸـﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﻹﻟﺘـﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤـﻦ‬ ‫ﻳـ ‪‬ﺪﻋﻲ ﺃﻧـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﺟـﻴﺶ ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬـﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﻭﺳـﻬﻞ ﻣﺨﺮﺟـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻋﻲ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻴ‪‬ﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺮﺍﺀٍ ﻭﻻ ﻃﺎﻟـﺐ ﻟﻠـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪،‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﹶﺘ ‪‬ﻤﺴ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﻴﺚ ﺣ ‪‬ﺪﺩﺕﹸ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﺧﻠـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻋﻨﺎ ﻭﺳـﻨﺘﻜﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻓﻲ ﹸﺧﻄﺐﹴ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﺇﻥ ‪‬ﺑﻘ‪‬ﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻤﻮﻣـﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﻧﻬـﺎ ﺗﺴـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟـﻨﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻـﻞ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺾ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺻﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺳ‪‬ـﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟـﻨﻘﺺ ﻭﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺑ‪‬ﻘﻴ‪‬ﺖ ﻧﺎﻗﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﻌﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺇﺳﻌﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺷﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻧﺎ ﷲ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺖﹶ ﺗﻘﻴﺎﹰ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻭﺭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻘﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﺗﺘﻜﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﺒﺪ ﺭﺑﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺗﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﻧﹸﻔ ‪‬ﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺗﺴﺘﻜﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻛﹸﻦ ﺧﺎﺷﻌﺎﹰ ﺧﺎﺿﻌﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﹶﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪y x w vu t s r qM :‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)L~ } | { z‬ﺑﻞ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺷﺮﻃﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺨﺸﻮﻉ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﺸﻮﻉ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪‬ﻣﺠﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻻﹼ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﺇﻥ ﺍﺩ‪‬ﻋﻴﺖ ﻭﺻﻮ ﹰﻻ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺨﺸﻊ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٩‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻬﺠﻊ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪\" !M :‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)L) ( ' & % $ #‬ﻭﺃﺫ ﹼﻛﺮﻛﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ª© ¨ §¦¥¤£¢¡  M:‬‬ ‫«¬®¯‪¹ ¸¶µ ´ ³²± °‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L¾½ ¼ »º‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓﹶ ﺫﻛﺮﹰﺍ ﷲ ﺟ ﹼﻞ ﻭﻋﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺫ‪‬ﻛﺮ‪‬ﻩ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺻﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻗﻴﻞ‪) :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺫﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪® ¬ « ªM :‬‬ ‫¯ ‪¹¸ ¶ µ ´ ³² ± °‬‬ ‫‪ ،(٣)LàÁÀ¿¾½ ¼»º‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺃﻛﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢ - ١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٦‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٤٥‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٩‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻛـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨـﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﹶﺗ ‪‬ﺤ ﱡﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻛـﺰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣـﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴـﻴﻦ ﺃﻱ )ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓـﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴـﺔ( ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ ﻧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻣﻮﺍ ﺑﺰﻳـﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﺨﺘﹼﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪،‬ﹺﺇ ﹼﻻ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺟﺒﺎﻫﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺠﻮﺩ ﷲ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﻮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﺤﺴـﺒﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﻬـﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﺤﺴـﻨﻮﻥ ﺻـﻨﻌﹰﺎ ﺃﻻ ﺳـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﻬ ﹰﻼ ﻭﻣﻘﺘﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻭﻕ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻛﻮﻥ ﻣـﺎ ﻻ ﻳـﺮﻭﻕ ﻟﻬـﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺄﻥ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓـﻲ ﻛـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺓ ﺗﺨﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ‪ ،‬ﻋﺠﺒﹰﺎ! ﺍﺧﺘﺮ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻌـﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺃﻭﺿﺤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻀـﻢ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋـﺪﺩ ﻛﺒﻴـﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺴـﺠﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻨـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻮﺩ ‪-‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ -‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻹﻧﻘﻴﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻀـﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻢ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﺳﺎﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﺮﺑـﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﻧﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻮ ﹸﺽ ﻓـﻲ ﺩﻗـﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(١٠‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻘﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒـﺔ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣـﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴـﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻘ ‪‬ﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳ ‪‬ﻪ ﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺫﻱ ﺻﻠﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻲ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻄﻠ ‪‬ﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﺨﺘﺼﱠﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪°¯®¬«ª© ¨§¦ ¥ ¤£M:‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)L» º ¹ ¸ ¶µ ´ ³ ² ±‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺧﺸﻌﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕﹸ ﻟﻠﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺴﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱡ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻕ ﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺻﻠﺘﻪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺨﺎﻟﻘﻪ ﺟ ﱠﻞ ﺟﻼﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺧﻠ ‪‬ﻖ ﻛﻞﱠ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻗﺪ‪‬ﺭﻩ‪ ‬ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﺍﹰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﺫﻭ ﺻﻠ ‪‬ﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻜﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺼﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﺷﹸﺘﺮﻁﹶ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻬـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳـﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻐﺼﻮﺑﺎﹰ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﹰﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﺒﺘـﺬﻻﹰ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻭﻁ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﺟـﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻧﺠ ‪‬ﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻗﺪ ﻋ‪ ‬ﹶﺰﻓﺖ ﻋﻦ ‪‬ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺃﻧﻔﺴـﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻓـﻲ ﻳـﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﺒﺌﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺣﻴﻮﺍ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺣﻴﻮﺍ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻥ ﺻﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺣﻴـﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺑـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴـﺮ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺴـﺒﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٤١‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(١١‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎﻑ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺫﺍﺗـﻪ ﻫـﻮ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮ‪ ‬ﷲ ﻓﺎﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﹰﺍ ﻭﺍﺫﻛﺮﻭﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺻ‪‬ﻠﹶﺘﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺃﺋﻤﺘﻨﺎ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺣ‪‬ﺠﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ ﻭﺃﻣﻨﺎﺀُ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﺤﺒـﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺑـﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻄﻬـــــﺮﻭ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﻘﻴـــــﺎﺕﹲ ﺛﻴـــــﺎﺑ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺗﺠﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﹸﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺫﹸﻛـﺮﻭﺍ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(١٢‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺒ ‪‬ﺔ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠـ ‪‬ﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺼـﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺒﺒ ﹸﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻄﻴﻜﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫـﻲ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﻭﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﹸﺗﺰﻳ ﹸﻞ ﻛـﻞﱠ ﺍﻵﺛـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺭﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳ ﹼﻄﻠﻊ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﻘﺼـﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻳـﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻟﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺟﺰﻯ ﺑﻪ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺧﺎﻟﺼـﺔ ﷲ ﺳـﺒﺤﺎﻧ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺗـﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺏ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(١٣‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻔﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟـﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻳﻌـﺮ‪ ‬ﻑ ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻡ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﺪﻻﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻧـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜ ‪‬ﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻔﻄﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻜﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻴﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻳﻘﻞﱡ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﻟﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺗﻌﻤ‪‬ﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻴﺬﻫﺐ‪ ‬ﺑﻜـﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺮﻭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ‪ ‬ﺳـﻮﺍﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠـﻢ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﺴـﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻳﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘـﺮﻛﻦ‪ ‬ﺷـﻴﺌﺎﹰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻔﻄﺮﺍﺕ ‪ -‬ﻟﻮ ﺻﺢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪ -‬ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﻣﻌﺼـﻮﻡ ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻴﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻧﺎﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻧ‪‬ﻴـﺔ ﺑﻌـﺾ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺤﺮﻣـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠـﺬﺍ ﻳﺤﺘـﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺗﺼـﻔﻴﺔ ﺟﺴـﺪﻩ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺇﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﺖ ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻛﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺘـﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻓﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﺰﻳﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺛﺒﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠـﻢ ﺍﻟﺤـﺪﻳﺚ ﺑﺤﺎﺟـﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴـﻴ ‪‬ﺮ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻃﻴﻠـﺔ ﺍﻟﺴـﻨﺔ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣــﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺒـﺪﻳﻞ ﻫــﺬﺍ ﺍﻟــﻨﻤﻂ ﺍﻟﻴـﻮﻣﻲ ﻓﻴــﻪ ﻓﻮﺍﺋــ ‪‬ﺪ ﺻــﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻠﻊ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺫﻭﻭ ﺍﻹﺧﺘﺼـﺎﺹ ﻭﺃﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺒـﺮﺓ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺄﻟﻮﻫﻢ ﻟﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﺗﻬﺘﺪﻭﻥ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(١٤‬‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤـﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻵﺧـﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺴـﺪﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺮﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﺑﺤﺎﺟ ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻮ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒــﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻌﻠــﻖ ﺑﺎﻟــﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻗــﻞ ﻟﻠﻤ‪‬ﺘﻌﻠــﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻌــﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸــﺮﺍﺏ ﻭﺑــﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻔﻄﺮﺍﺕ ‪ -‬ﻟﻮ ﺻ ‪‬ﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪ -‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺜﺮ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻧﻐﻤﺎﺳﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟـﻨﻤﻂ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺼﻮﻡ ‪‬ﻳﺬﻛﱢﺮ‪‬ﻩ ﺑﺂﺧﺮﺗـﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻴﺴـﺖ ﻛـ ﱠﻞ ﺷـﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻮﻣـﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻮﻣﺎﹰ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻟﻶﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻄﻮﺑﻰ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺂﺏ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺭ ﺃﺧﺮﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺴـﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﺤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺣـﺪ‪ ‬ﺳـﻮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ ﺃﺭﺩ ﹼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻔﻴﻪ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﺭﺩﺕﹶ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻓﻔﻴﻪ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﺃﺧﺮﻭﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺑـ ﹴﺦ‬ ‫ﺑ‪ ‬ﹴﺦ ﻟﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﻃﻠ ‪‬ﺐ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨـﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧـﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼـﻴﺎﻡ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺗـﺬﻛﻴﺮﺍﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻐﻨﻲ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﻌـﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﺬﺍ ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺒـﺎﺭﻙ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ )ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ( ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺳﻤ ‪‬ﻲ ﺑـﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘـﺬﻛﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﻀـﺎﺀ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(١٥‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸـﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺜـﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺤـﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗـﻞ ﺑﻤﻌﻨـﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺜـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﺪ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻉ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺬﻛﱢﺮﺍﹰ ﺑـﺒﻼﺀ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮﺓ ﻭﺑـﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﹰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛ ﱡﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻴـﺰﺍﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﺘﻬـﺎ ﺗﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻘﺪﺳـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻓﻊ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﻋﻘﻮﺑﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻌﻄﻴـﻚ‪ ‬ﺛﻮﺍﺑـﺎﹰ ﻭﺃﺟـﺮﹰﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤـﺎﹰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﹸﺒﻌﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺠﻨﹼﺒﻚ‪ ‬ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻬﺠﺮﻭﺍ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻘﺪﺳـﺔ ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻀـﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻻ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺟ‪‬ﱠﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺟ‪‬ﱠﻨـﺔﹲ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻚ ﻧﺎﺭﺍﹰ ﺣﺎﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻃﻴﻌﻮﺍ ﺗﻬﺘﺪﻭﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﻓﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟـﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣـﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻـﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﻟﻴـﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻘـﺪﺭ ﺑـﻞ ﺃﻛﺜـﺮ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﻧﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻔﺎﺳ ‪‬ﻪ ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺢ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻱ‪ ‬ﺧﻴﺮ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟـﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒـﺪﻻﹰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﹸﺜﻘ ﹶﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻭﹸﺗﺴ‪‬ﺒﺢ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﻟﻄﻔـﻪ ﺟﻌـﻞ ﻧﻮﻣـﻚ ﻋﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺃﻧﻔﺎﺳـﻚ ﺗﺴـﺒﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤـﺎﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻐﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ؟‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻟـﻚ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘـﺎ ﹲﺕ ﺍﹸﺧـﺮﻯ ﻟﻬـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﺘﻜـﺎﻑ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(١٦‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺍﻋﺘﻜﺎﻑ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ ﻭﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎﺗﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ ﺩﻟﹼﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﺪ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺩﹼﻟﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻝﱡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﺎﹰ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺎﹰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻯ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻭﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜـﻞﱡ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﺗـﺖ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻟـﺔ ﻣﺘﺮﻭﻛـﺔ ﻭﺇﻧـﺎ ﷲ ﻭﺇﻧـﺎ ﺍﻟﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻔ ﹸﻜﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻧﻐﻤﺎﺳـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧ‪‬ﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﺮ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﺑـﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺀ ﻭﻋﺼـﻒ ﺍﻟﻔـﺘﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﺮﺍﻋﺎﺕ ﺇﹺﻧﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻮ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺠﺮﺍﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘـ ‪‬ﺮﺏ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑـﺎﺕﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻟﱡﻒ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤ ﹼﻜﺎﻡ ﻭﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻨﺎﺳـﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺷﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺒ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺕ ﻭﻣﻬﻤـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻮﺕﹶ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧـﻚ ﺑﺤﺎﺟـ ‪‬ﺔ ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫‪‬ﺻﹶﻠ ‪‬ﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﺻـﻠﹶﺔ ﺇﻻ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﺇﻥ ﻗﻄﻌﺘﻬـﺎ ﹶﻗﻄﻌـ ﹶﺖ ﺍﻟﺼـﻠﺔ ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﺪﻭ ‪‬ﻡ ﺃﻟﻄـﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗـﻪ ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺘـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﻓﻴﻮﺿـﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﹸﺍﻭﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﻟﻚ ﺃﻣﺮﹰﺍ ﻫﺎﻣﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧـ ‪‬ﻚﹺﺇﻥ ﻟـﻢ ﺗﺴـﻤﻊ ﻗـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸـﺎﻋﺮ ﻓﻬـﺎ ﺃﻧـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﹸﺧﺒﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﹰ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺤﺎﺕ ﻏـﺪﺍﹰ ﻭﻭﺩ‪ ‬ﻛـــ ﱠﻞ ﻧﺒــــﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺮﺳـــﻞ ﻭﻭﻟــــﻲ‬

‫)‪(١٧‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ(‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻝﹴ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐﹺ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻟـﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋــﺎﺵ ﻣــﺎ ﻋــﺎﺵ ﺁﻻﻓــﺎﹰ ﻣﺆﻟﻔــ ﹰﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻــﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﻣــﺎ ﺻــﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺻــﻮﺍﻣﺎﹰ ﺑــﻼ ﻣﻠــﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﻭﻗــﺎﻡ ﻣــﺎ ﻗـــﺎﻡ ﻗﻮﺍﻣـــﺎﹰ ﺑــﻼ ﻛﺴــﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ ﺑﺤـﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣـﻨﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪...‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﻳـﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻌـﺚ‪ ‬ﻳﻨﻔﻌـﻪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻﻠﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻝ ‪‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪....‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺣـﺐ ﺁﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺑﻘﺒـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮ ‪‬ﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺻﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺤﺒﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘـﻪ ﻣـﻦ ‪‬ﻣﻘﻮﻣـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺃ‪‬ﻳـﺎﹰ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻼ ﻓـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﻋﺒـﺎﺩ‪‬ﺓ ﻭﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﻣـﻦ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴـﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺻﺤﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺎﺀ ﻣﺎ ﺧﹸﻠﻘﺖ ﺳﻤﺎ ٌﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻠﻬﻢ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺑـﺪﺍﹰ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﻨـﺎ ﻭﺑﻘـ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴـﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬـﺎﺭ ﻫـﻢ ﺍﹸﻣﻨـﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻤﺴﻜﻮﺍ ﺑﺤﺒﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﻬﺠﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(١٨‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻧﹸﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑـﺪﺃﻧﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺷـﺮ ‪‬ﺡ ﻣﻌﻨـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﹰ ‪‬ﺗﻠ ‪‬ﻮ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺸـﺮﺡ ﻣﻌﻨـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﹰﻻ‪ :‬ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﹰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﺭﺝ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺐ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(١٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻛـ ﱞﻞ ﺑﺤﺴـﺐ ﻓﻬﻤـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺩﻳﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻴـﻒ ﻭﻣـﺬﻫﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻈـﻴﻢ ﻳﺘﻌـﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻫﺠﻤـﺔ ﺷﺮﺳـﺔ ﻭﻗ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ـﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻔـﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸـﺮﻛﻴﻦ ﺃﻋـﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻨﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﺒﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻭﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻌـﺪ ﻋـﻦ ﻓﻘﻬﻬـﻢ ﻭﻋﻘﻴـﺪﺗﻬﻢ ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ ﻭﻓﻲ ‪‬ﺧﻀﹶ ‪‬ﻢ ﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻭﺗﺤﻮ‪‬ﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺧﻮﺿـﻬﻢ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻷﻫﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺼﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ‪‬ﻣﺘﺪﹼﻧﻴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺤﻦ ﻻ ﻧﻨﻈﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺘﺪﻧﹼﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺑﺬ ﹸﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝﹴ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ‪‬ﺟﻤﻊ‪ ‬ﻣﺎﻝﹴ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻝ ﻛﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﺨ ﹲﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺮﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﺳﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﻞ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﱡﻐﺔ ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ )ﺃﻱ ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮﻩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺰﺀﺍﹰ ﻫﺎﻣﺎﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺰﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﹶﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﹸﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﹸﹺﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪d cbaM :‬‬ ‫‪ml kjihgfe‬‬ ‫‪yxwvutsr qpon‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢٠‬‬ ‫‪ .(١)L{ z‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪/ . -M :‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L543 210‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﺺ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪+ * ) ( ' & % $ # \"M :‬‬ ‫‪5432 10/.-,‬‬ ‫‪BA @?>=<; :9876‬‬ ‫‪ ،(٣)LC‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﻟﹶﻢ ﻳﺨﻤ‪‬ﺲ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﺰﻙ‪ ‬ﻓﹺﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺤﺮ‪‬ﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﹺﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﹸﺗﻄﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻔﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺗﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﹼﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺑﺜﻴﺎﺏ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺨﻤ‪‬ﺴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﻮﺕ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﺨ ‪‬ﻤﺴﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤﺔ ﻗﺪ ﹸﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺑـ ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﻹﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ( ﺃﻭ )ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ(‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ‪ :‬ﺇﻟﻐﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺫﺍ ‪‬ﻏﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٣‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٤١‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٢١‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺣﺶ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻭﻥ ﺫﺍ ﻓﻘﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﺪﻗﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ! ﻭﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻫﻲ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﻄﹼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﹸﻌﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺳﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍ ِﻹﺷﺘﺮﺍﻛﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻘ ‪‬ﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺎﹰ ﻻ ﻧﻨﺴﻰ ﺃﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﻛﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻔﺮﺍﹰ(‪ .‬ﺇﺫﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﺰﻭﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ﻭﺑﺪﻭﺭﻩ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺰﻳﻼﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﻔﺮ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺸﺮﻁ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﻁ ﺑﺎﻟ‪‬ﻐﻨﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴﻤﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓ‪‬ﻴﻌ‪‬ﻢ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺤﹼﻠﻠﺔ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺮﻭﻗﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺧﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺤ ‪‬ﺮﻡ ﻻ ﹸﺧﻤﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺪﻓﻌﻪ ﺃﺟﻤﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻼﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺗﺠﺐ ﺑﻨﺴ ﹴﺐ ﻣﻌ‪‬ﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﺡ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ‪‬ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺠ ‪‬ﺮﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻓﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺈﻧﻜﻢ ﺗﺘﺮﻛﻮﻥ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻛﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ ﻛﺒﺮﻯ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﹸﺨ ‪‬ﺮﺝ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻜﻢ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﺃﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺽ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺠ‪‬ﺒﺎﺓ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻢ ﺟ‪‬ﺒﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺼﻠﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻭﺟﺒﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﻌﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺠﻼﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻬﻤﹰﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻳﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﻼ ﺍﻋﺘﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺿﺖ ﻭﺳﺘﻨﻘﺮﺽ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻓﺸﻴﺌﺎﹰ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﺏ ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﻺﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺪﺍﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺽ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺳﺨﻮﻥ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺟﺒﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‪،‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٢٣‬‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﻌﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﺃﺩﻋﻮ ﺳﺎﺩﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻬﻤﻲ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﹰﺎ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻣﺘﻪ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺩﺍﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺬﺍﺭ ﹸﺻ ‪‬ﺪﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺿﻤﻴﺮﻩ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺒﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻧﺠﺤﺖ ﻓﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻌﻤﺖ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺑﺮﺋﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻻ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﻘﻴﻒ ﻋﺸﺎﺋﺮﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﺔ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺜﻘﻔﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺃﻭﻻﹰ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﺕ‪) .‬ﺃﻻ ‪‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﺑ‪‬ﹼﻠﻐﺖ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﺎﺷﻬﺪ(‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢٤‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪+ * ) ( ' & % $# \" !M‬‬ ‫‪87 6 5 4 3 2 10 / . - ,‬‬ ‫‪.(١)LA@?>=<;:9‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻧﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻭﺻﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗـﻞ ﻓـﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺃﻭﻟﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﻻﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻌﺎﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓـﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻠﹼـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻥ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٩٧‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٢٥‬‬ ‫ﺑ‪‬ﻘﻴ ﹸﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‪ ‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﹶﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﱡﻠﻐﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺤـﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﻘـﻴﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﻜ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺟـﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼـﻮﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺇ ﹼﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻧـﻮ ‪‬ﻉ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻧـﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺼـﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ ﺳﻔﺮ‪ ‬ﻭﺳﻴﺮ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ‪.(١)LÝ Ü Û Ú Ù Ø× Ö ÕM :‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺎﹰ ﻓﺎﷲ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻭ ﹸﻗﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺤﻦ‪ ‬ﺑﺼﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ‬ ‫‪‬ﻛﻼ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺖﹶ ﺗﻘﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻗﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺗﻘﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺿﺎﻩ‪ ‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻗﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻻ ﹶﺷﻮﺏ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﺎﹰ ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ‪‬ﻳﺤﺮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻮﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺤ ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﻻ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘ ‪‬ﺮﺏ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺟ ﱠﻞ ﻭﻋﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪, + *) ( ' & % $# \" !M :‬‬ ‫‪=<;:9 87 6543210/. -‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺭﻳﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥٠‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢٦‬‬ ‫>? @‪.(١)L‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ)‪،(٢‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺩ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺗﺎﹰ ﺷﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺩ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣــﺮ‪ ‬ﺑــﺬﻱ ﺍﻟــﺪﻳﺎﺭ ﺩﻳــﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﻠــﻰ ﺃﻗﺒــ ﹸﻞ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺠــﺪﺍﺭ‪ ‬ﻭﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺠــﺪﺍﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺣـﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﺎﺭ ﺷـﻐﻔﻦ‪ ‬ﻗﻠﺒـﻲ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺣ ‪‬ﺐ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺳـﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﺎﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺘﻬﻤﻮﻧﻨﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﺎ ﻋ‪‬ﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻡ ‪‬ﻣﺮﺩﻭﺩ‪ ‬ﻗﻮﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺒ‪‬ﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺿﺮﺣﺔ ﻓﻸﺟﻞ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺩ‪‬ﻓ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺭﻣ ﹲﺰ ﺃﻭ ﻗﹸﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻧﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ‪vuM :‬‬ ‫‪¡  ~ }| { z y x w‬‬ ‫‪.(٣)L¢‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻧ ﱡﺼﻪ‪) :‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻤﺜـﻞﹸ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒـﺔ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٣‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٢٦‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧٩‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٢٧‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﻣـﺰ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻮﺟـﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻹﻟﻬـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﺇﻇﻬـﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﺧـﻼﺹ ﻟﻬـﺎ ﺇﹺﻇﻬـﺎﺭﺍﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺧﻼﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﻜﺬﺍ ﹶﻟﻤ‪ ‬ﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﺒﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺇﻇﻬـﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺒ‪‬ـﺔ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺧﻼﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ()‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﺃﻧﺴﻰ ﺃﻫﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘـﺎﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤـﺞ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﻹﺣـﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺃﻳﻀـﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻈﹶ ‪‬ﺮ ﺑﻤﻨﻈﺎﺭﻳﻦ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﻳﻜـﻮ ‪‬ﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴـ ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻟـﺒﺲ ﺛـﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺎﹰ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺠـ ‪‬ﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳــﺔ ﺑـﻞ ﺍﻟــﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﺟﻤــﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠـﻲ‪ ‬ﺑــﺎﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴــﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺗـﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﺣـﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﻟﺒ ‪‬ﺲ ﺯﻱ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ‪ ‬ﺯﹸﻫﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﻧﺰ ‪‬ﻉ ﺣﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﹸﺍﻭﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﻌﻀﹰﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋـﻦ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺍﻹﺣـﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳـﺎﹰ‪) :‬ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﻄـﻲ ﺑﺤـﻖ‪ ‬ﺭﻣﺰﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﺩ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺳـﺎﺋﺮ ﺃﻳـﺎﻡ ﺣﻴﺎﺗـﻪ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﺘﻔـﺎ ‪‬ﺕ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺗﻘـﺪﻳﻢ ﺭﺿـﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋـ ﱠﺰ ﻭﺟـﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﺼـﻠﺤﺘﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﻃﻤﺎﻋـﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﻬﻮﺍﺗﻪ ﻭﻧﺰﻭﺍﺗﻪ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺤﻮ ﹶﻝ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ﺣﺎﺋﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺹ ‪.١٣٦‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٢٨‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﻌﻴﻖ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﻋﺎﺋ‪ ‬ﹴﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴـﻊ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟـﻪ ﻭﺃﺣﻮﺍﻟـﻪ ﺧﺎﺻـﺔ ﻭﻋﺎﻣـﺔ()‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻲ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﺒﺮ ﺃﺩﻋﻮ ﻛـﻞﱠ ﺍﻟﻤـﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـﺎﹰ ﺃﻓـﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺶ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬـﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻧـﺰﻉ ﺣـﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻗﻠـﻮﺑﻬﻢ ﻭﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘـﺪﻳﻢ ﺭﺿـﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻣﺼـﺎﻟﺤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼـﻴﺔ ﻭﺷـﻬﻮﺍﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻃﻤـﺎﻋﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺰﻭﺍﺗﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻳﻔﻌﻠـﻮﺍ ﻛـﻞﹼ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻮﺳـﻌﻬﻢ ﻷﺟـﻞ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﺑﺤـ ﹴﻖ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﹰﺎ ﺟﻴﺪﺍﹰ ﻟﺠﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪<;M :‬‬ ‫= > ? @ ‪IH G F E D C B A‬‬ ‫‪V U T S R QP O N M L KJ‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L^]\\[ZYXW‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻫﻲ‪) :‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺴ ‪‬ﺐ ﻓﻬﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﹺﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺤ‪ ‬ﺞ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻘﻴﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺟﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﺻﻐﺮ ﻭﺟﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺟﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.١٣٠‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٣‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺪﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﺗﻨﺼﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـ ‪‬ﻲ ﺑـﻦ ﺃﺑـﻲ ﻃﺎﻟــﺐ ﺃﻣﻴـﺮ ﺍﻟﻤـﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨـﺎﺕ ﺭﻭﺣــﻲ ﻭﺃﺭﻭﺍﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ‪‬ﻩ ﺍﻟﺴـﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻃﺒـﺎﺋﻲ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮﻩ ﺑـﻞ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻩ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﻳﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻹﺑﻼﻍ ﻭﺍﻹﻳـﺬﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻨﻄﺒ ‪‬ﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻇﻬـﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﻻﻧـﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﺋـﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺴـﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﻭﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳـﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﻃﺮﻭﺣـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻮ ﻳـﻮﻡ ﺍﻹﺫﻥ ﻟـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺑـﺎﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻎﹴ ﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺗﺒﻠﻴـﻎﹲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺑـﺎﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺑـﺪﻭﺭﻩ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺒﻠ ﹸﻎ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘـﻲ ﻭﻳﻘـﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺴـﻴﻒ ﻓﻴﺰﻳـﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﻠـ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺠـﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻮﺟﺎﺝ ﻭﺍﻷﻣ‪‬ﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﻴ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺪ ﹶﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌ ﱠﻞ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺮﺍﺑﻄﺎﹰ ﺁﺧﺮﺍﹰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺄ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮﻭﻥ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺸ ‪‬ﺮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻴ‪‬ﺠ ‪‬ﻤﻌﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﻌﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻈﻬ ‪‬ﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ‪ -‬ﹸﺍﻛ ‪‬ﺮﺭ‪) -‬ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﻌـﺎﺩ( ﻭﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﻓﻔﻴﻪ‪ ‬ﻛﺸ ‪‬ﻒ ﺳ ﹴﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌ ‪‬ﻪ ﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ ﻻ ﹸﺗﻐﺘﻔﺮ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٣٠‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪،(١)Lyx w v ut sr q pM‬‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻧﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎ‪‬ﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺗﻘﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﻤﻌﺔ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺍﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻘﺪﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﺍﺕ ﻧﺴﺘﻮﺣﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ‬ﻟﻮﻻﻫﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺣ‪‬ﻔﻆ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ‪ ‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓﹸ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺩ‪‬ﺭﺃﺕ ﺍﻟ ﹶﺨﻄـﺮ ﻋـﻦ ﺑ‪‬ﻠـﺪﺍﻧﻨﺎ ﻭﻋﻘﻴـﺪﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻧـﺎ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٦٩‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣١‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻧﻔـﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﺖ ‪‬ﺟﻌﻠـﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩﺍﹰ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻢ ﺃﺟﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﻌـﺚﹶ ﻫﺪﺍﻳـﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴـﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣﺒـﺪﺃ ﻟﻠﺤـﻮﺍﺭ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻷﺩﻳـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺋـﻒ ﺍﻷﺧـﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺗﻨـﺎ ﻋﺒـﺎﺭﺓ ﻋـﻦ ﺟـﻮﺍﻫ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣﻜﻨﻮﻧـﺔ ‪‬ﻳﻔﻘﻬﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﻳﺠﻬﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻤﻮﺗﹸ ‪‬ﻦ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ‪‬ﻣﺘﻔﻘﻬﻮﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪JIHGFE DCBAM :‬‬ ‫‪U T S R Q P ON M L K‬‬ ‫‪.(١)LV‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﺃﺩﻋﻮ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‪ ‬ﻟﻠﺘﻔﻘﱡـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺩﻳـﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﻔﻬ‪‬ﻤـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ﻳﻌﺒﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ‪‬ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻫ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻯ ﻭﻻ ﻛﺘﺎ ﹴﺏ ‪‬ﻣﻨﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ﻗـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪- , + * ) ( ' &%$#\"!M :‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L5 4 3 2 1 0 / .‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﹺﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻓـﻲ ﺣـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺫﺍﺗـﻪ ﻳﻨﻘﺴـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٣‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٣٢‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺟﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻦﹶﻟـ ‪‬ﻒ ﻟﱠﻔﻬـﻢ ﻛﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻓﺮﻋﺎﻥ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻮﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‪‬ﻩ ﻭﹺﺇﻻ ﻓﺈﹺﺫ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋ‪‬ﺐﹺ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﹲﺓ ﻋـﻦ ﻧﺸـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻭﺗﺨﻠﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻜـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸـﺒﻮﻫﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﻮﺷـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺬﺭﻫﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﹰﺎ ﻟﺘﺨﻠـﻴﺺ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﺘﺎﺗﻮﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺸ ‪‬ﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳ‪‬ﺴـﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﻓﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻟﺘﺤﺼـﻴﻦ ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﻔـﻆ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻀــﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺳــﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟــﺪﻓﺎﻉ ﻋــﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴــﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻣــﻦ ﻫﺠﻤــﺎﺕ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌﺘــﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﻫﺎﺑﻴﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﻐﻮﺭ ﻹﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﺋﺒـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﺃﺷﺒ ‪‬ﻪ ﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺤﺎﺭﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﻙ ﻭﻣﻨﺰﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻭﻣﻨﻄﻘﺘﻚ ﻭﺩﻭﻟﺘﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ ﻛ ﱢﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺗﻄﺒﻴ ‪‬ﻖ ﻗﻮﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ÄÃÂÁM :‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)LÎÍÌ Ë ÊÉÈÇ ÆÅ‬ﺃﻱ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺪﻭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘ‪‬ﺘـﺎﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻹﻃﻔـﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻮﺥ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺃﻟﻘـﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﹶﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘـﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺍﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﻋـﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺼـﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٩٠‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣٣‬‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﹺ ﺍﻹﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪‬ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﻟﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺃﻗﺼ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺴـﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻧﻲ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻬـﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﻟﺠﻬـﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﺒـﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺩﻳﻨﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﻋﻘﺎﺋﺪﻳﺎﹰ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻴﹰﺎ ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﹰﺎ ﻟﻴﺰﺩﺍ ‪‬ﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﻤﺎﻧﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜـﻮ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﺣﺼـﻨﹰﺎ ﺣﺼـﻴﻨﺎﹰ ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻴـﺎﺭﺍﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳـﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻜـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺒﻴﺜﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺸﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﺪﺍ ُﺀ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺩﻋﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﻮﺍ ﻭﻻﺋﻬﻢ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻟﺤـﻮﺯﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺛﺒﺘـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﺇﺧﻼﺻﻬﻢ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺸ ‪‬ﺤﻮﺍ ﺑﺪﻣﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻـﻐﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺼـﺎﻋﺐ ﺗـﺎﺭﻛﻴﻦ ﻟﻠـﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﻟـﻢ ﺗﺨـﺘﻠﻂ ﺃﻳـﺪﻳﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤ‪‬ﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺩﻋﻮﻫﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻻ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻠﻮﻙ ﺍﻟـﺬﻱ ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﻠﺘﻤﻮ‪‬ﻩ ﺑﻼ ﻣ‪‬ﺮﺷ ‪‬ﺪ ﺯﻟﻠـﺘﻢ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺩﺧﻠﺘﻤـﻮ‪‬ﻩ ﻣـﻊ ﻣ‪‬ﺮﺷـﺪ‪ ‬ﺟﻌﻠﻜـﻢ ﻋﺒﻴـﺪﺍﹰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﻄﻴ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﷲ ‪‬ﺣﻖ‪ ‬ﻃﺎﻋﺘـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺗﻔﻌـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﺤﺮﻣﹰﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﹰ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺎﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺩﻣ ﹶﺖ ﻗـﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻭﺗﺘـﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮﻭﻫﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻴﺐ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺗﻘـﺪ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮﺓ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﻻ‬ ‫ﹸﺗﻄﺒـﻖ ﺣ‪‬ﻜـﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺌـﺔ ﻓﺘﻔ ‪‬ﺴـﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﻻ ﹸﺗﺼـ‪‬ﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﷲ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺤـ ‪‬ﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻔﺴﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻋﻴﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﺃﻋﺎﻧﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺰﺍﻛﻢ ﺍ ُﷲ ﺧﻴـ ‪‬ﺮ ﺟـﺰﺍﺀِ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺤﺴـﻨﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﻓﻌـ ﹰﻼ ﻣﻤـﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻤ ‪‬ﻬـ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﻗﺎﺋﺪﻧﺎ ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺴﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٣٤‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻟﻴﻀﻢ‪ ‬ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴـﺮ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺘﻼﺀﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤ‪‬ﻐﺮﻳﺎ ﹸﺕ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﺜﻴـﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻞﹸ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮ ﺟﻌ ﹶﻞ ﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﻐﺮﻳﺎ ‪‬ﺕ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﻴﹰﺎ ﺧﻠﻔـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴـﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ‪ -‬ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ‪ -‬ﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻋﻤـﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻓﻌـﺎﻟﻬﻢ ‪‬ﻣـﺪﻋﺎﺓﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺪﻋﺎﹰﺓ ﻟﻨﻔﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩﻫﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ‪ .‬ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶ ‪‬ﻬـﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴـ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣﺤﺴـﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ‪ ‬ﻣـﻨﻬﻢ ﺑـﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﻫـﻢ ﺍﹸﻧـﺎ ‪‬ﺱ‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﻠﻤﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻘﻬﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻠﻲ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﺬﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻟﻸﺳﻒ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺣﺸﻮﺍ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ‬ ‫ﻟ‪‬ﻘﻠﺔ‪ ‬ﺳﺎﻟﻜﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺮﻭﻯ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺳﻚ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨـ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺎﺳ ‪‬ﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﺮﺓ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﻮﻣـﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟـﺒﻼﺀﺍﺕﹺﺇﺫﺍ ﻧﺠـ ‪‬ﺢ ﺑﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟﺸـﺨ ﹸﺺ ﺯﺍﺩﺗـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻳﻤﺎﻧـﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﹺﺇﺧﻼﺻﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓ‪‬ﻠﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺯﺩﻧﻲ ﺑﻼﺀﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺩﻝﱠ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻳـﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻳﻄﻠ ‪‬ﺐ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺇﻳﻤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﻼﺋﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺑﺘﻌﺪﻭﺍ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻐﺮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﺤﺠ‪‬ﺠﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﹲﺮﺑﺔ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄ ‪‬ﻥ ﻛ ﱠﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺠﺞ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ‪‬ﺣﺠﺞ‪ ‬ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﺭﺓ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻟﻔﻌﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻌ ‪‬ﺪﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺤ‪‬ﺠﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬ ‪‬ﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻛﺘﺎﺭﻙ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺑﺤ‪‬ﺠﺔ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻼ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞﹸ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺖﱡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺤ ‪‬ﻖ ﺑﺼﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻭﺻﻴﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﺘﻘﻮﻯ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴ ‪‬ﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺨﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻠﻢ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﺑ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪،(١)LQP ONMLKJIHM‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺟﻞﱠ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ‪M L K JIHM :‬‬ ‫‪YXWVUT SRQ PON‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)LZ‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٩‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٤٢‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٣٦‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺤﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﹸﻧﻜﻤﻞﹸ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺪﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﹸﺧﻄـﺐﹴ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻣـﻦ ﺗﺒﻴﹺـﻴﻦ ﻭﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ ﻣﻌﻨـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﻗﺪﺭ ﺍﻹِﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻭﻟﻨﺎ ﺳـﺎﺑﻘﺎﹰ ﻭﺳـﻨﺤﺎﻭ ﹸﻝ ﻻﺣﻘـﹰﺎ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻭﻓﱢﻘﻨـﺎﹺﺇﻟـﻰ ﺫﻟـﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺪ ﻭﺻـ ﹼﻞ ﺑﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻓﺮﻳﻀـ ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﻭﻋﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ‪‬ﻣﻘﺪﺳـ ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗـﺪ ﺗﺸـﺘﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﺤـﺎﺀ ﺑـﻞ ﻣـﻊ ﻣ‪‬ﻄﻠـﻖ ﻣـﺎ ﺗﻘـﺪﻡ‪ .‬ﻓـﺎﻋﻠﻢ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻨﺎ ﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻻ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻔﻆ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣٧‬‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳ‪‬ﻨﺒ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻟﻴﺄﻣﺮﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻳ‪‬ﻨﺒﻬ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨـﺎ ﺃﻧﻘـﻞﹸ ﻟﻜـﻢ ﻓﺤـﻮﻯ ﺭﻭﺍﻳـﺔ‪ ‬ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ ﺷﺒﺎﺏ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨـﺔ ﺭﻭﺣـﻲ ﻭﺃﺭﻭﺍﺡ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺪﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻛﺜـﺮ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ ﻳﺴـﺘﻔﻴﺪ ﻣـﻦ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳـﺔ ﻫـﻢ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﻄ‪‬ﺒﻘﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻨﻜﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺼـﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﹸﺗﺸﻮ‪‬ﻩ ﺳ‪‬ﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺤﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤﺴﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺳـﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ـﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻦ ﻳﺘﻮﺿﺄ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻭﺟ‪‬ـﺪﺍ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﻭﺿـﻮﺀﻩ ﺧﻠـﻼﹰ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺋﻬﻤـﺎ ﻭﺃﺩﺑﻬﻤـﺎ ﻭﻣـﺎ ﺭ‪‬ﺑـﺎﻫ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﺟـﺪ‪‬ﻫﻤﺎ ﺻـﻠﻮﺍ ﹸﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ ﺁﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺑﻮﻫﻤـﺎ ﻭﺃﻣﻬﻤـﺎ )ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤـﺎ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ( ﺃﺩﺑـﹰﺎ ﻣﻨﻌﻬﻤـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪‬ﻳﺴـﺒﺒﺎ ﻟـﻪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ ِﻹﺣﺮﺍﺝ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻮ ﱠﺻﻼ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﺍﻩ‪ ‬ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺃﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺤﺎﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳ‪‬ﺤﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﻟﻬ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﻭﺿـﻮﺀﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻮﺿـﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴـﻴ ‪‬ﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺒـﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮﺟـ ﹸﻞ ﺇﹺﻟـﻰ ﺃﺩﺑﻬﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳ‪‬ﺮﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺗﺼﺤﻴ ‪‬ﺢ ﻭﺿﻮﺀﻩ ﻓﺄﺛﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻣﺪﺣﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻟـﻮ ﻭﻗـﻊ‪ ‬ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـ ﹸﻞ ﺑﻨﻈـﺮ ﺃﺣـﺪﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤـﺎ ﻛﻨـﺎ ﻟﻨﻔﻌـﻞ‪ ،‬ﻏﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﺥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻗـﻮﻟﻬﻢ ) ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺿـﻮ ُﺀ ﻟـﻴﺲ ﻣﻘﺘـﺪﺍﺋﻴﹰﺎ(‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺗ ﹶﻞ ﺍﷲُ ﻣﺜ ﹶﻞ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻳﺤﺴـﺒﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﻬـﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﺤﺴـﻨﻮﻥ ﹸﺻـﻨﻌﹰﺎ ﻭﻫـﻢ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٣٨‬‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﺰﻳﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋ‪‬ﺪﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﻬﻠﻮﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺒﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺇﻣﺎﻣﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻣﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻌﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻣـﻊ ﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻴﺎﺅﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﺍ‪‬ﻩ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻧـﺖ ﻟﺘﺘﻌـﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻴـﺮ ﻭﺗـﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻤـﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻠﻴـﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺃﺣـ ‪‬ﺪ ﻳـﺄﻣ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﻳﻨﻬﻰ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻨﻜـﺮ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺟﺎﻫـﻞﹲ ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬـﺎ ﻭﺟﺎﻫـﻞﹲ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻘـﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﺪﻭﹰﺍ ﻟﻲ ﻓﻘـﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﻫـﻮ ﻋـﺪﻭ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﻼﺋﻜﺘـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺳـﻠﻪ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺗﻮﺑﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻮﺑﺔ ﻧﺼﻮﺣﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﹶﻌﺜﹶﻮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﻔﺴﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻈﻲ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺄﻥ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺑﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﻀﺎﻓﹰﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ ‬ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻫـﻮ ﻣ‪‬ـﺪ ‪‬ﻭﻥ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ ﺗﺤـﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻨﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟـﻴﺲ ﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﻛﻼﻣﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺗﺒﻴﺎﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ ‪‬ﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻳﻀـﺔ ﻷﺟـﻞ ﻫﺪﺍﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻷﺟـﻞ ﺻـﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺠﺘﻤـﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻀـﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻘﺪﻣـﺔ‬ ‫ﻹِﺿﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ ﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻧﻔﻮﺭﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺤـﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓ‪‬ﻴﺤـﺮ‪‬ﻡ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﹺﻻ ﻛﹸﹾﻨﺖﹶ ﻣ‪‬ﻀـ ﹰﻼ ﻭﻟﺴـﺖﹶ ﻫﺎﺩﻳـﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﹺﺈﻧـﻚ‪‬ﹺﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌـﺪﻳﺖﹶ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٣٩‬‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﺏﹺ ﻭﺍﻟﺸـﺘﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﱡـﺮﺍﺥ ﻭﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋـﺎ ِﺀ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻘﺘﺪﺍﺋﻴـﺔ ‪ -‬ﻭﺃﻧـﺎ‪‬ﺑـﺮﺍﺀٌ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﻞ ﺃﺑﻘﻰ ﹶﺻﺪﺭﻳﺎﹰ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻳﺸﺮ‪‬ﹸﻓﻨﻲ‪ -‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻹِﺩﻋـﺎﺀﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛـﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ )ﺟﻴﺶ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ( ﻓﻼ ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﹸﻄﻴﻌﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜـﻞﱡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﹸﺗﻨﻔﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻬﺪﻳﻬﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻮﻧﹸ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻧﺼـﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺤـﻖ‪ ‬ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ ﺟـﻴﺶ ﺍﻹِﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﻟﻚ‪ ‬ﻋﻼﻣ ﹲﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﱠﻧـﻚ‪ ‬ﺫﻭ ﺗﺴـﻠﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﻳﺠـ ‪‬ﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺿـ ‪‬ﻊ ﻭﺗﺘﺤﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺧﻼﻕ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤﺴ‪‬ﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺪﻱ ﺷﺒﺎﺏﹺ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤـﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻻ ﻛﻨ ﹶﺖ ﻋﺪﻭﺍﹰ ﻟﻬﻤـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻨـ ﹶﺖ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺳـﻴﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻳـﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺃﺩﻋﻮﻛﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺓ‪ ‬ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻮﻧﻨﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻋﺠﺒﹰﺎ ﻋﺠﺒﹰﺎ!‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺽ ﻓﻲ ﺷـﺮﻭﻁ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ )ﺃﻱ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜﺮ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ﺷﺮﻃﻴﻦ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻮ‬ ‫‪‬ﺿﻤﻨﹰﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻣﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﻭﹶﻧﻬ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣـﺆﹼﺛﺮﺍﹰ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻘﺎﺑـﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﹺﺇﻻ ﺳـﻘ ﹶﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻚ ﻭﺟﻮ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ ‪‬ﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻨﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻌ ﹸﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞﹸ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺻﺎﺭﺕ ﺟﻴﻔ ﹰﺔ ﻧﺘﻨﺔﹰ ﻻ ﺗـﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻬـﺎ ﺍﻟـﺮﻭﺍﺋﺢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌ ‪‬ﻄـﺮﺓ ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﺴـﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺜـ ﹸﻞ ﻫـﺆﻻﺀ ﻣـﺎ ﺃﻋﺠﻠﻬـﻢ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ ﻓـﺎﺗﺮﻛﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﻮﺿﻮﺍ ﻭﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﺍ ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻠﻬﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﻞﹸ ﻓﺴﻮﻑ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤٠‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﱠﺘﻌ‪ ‬ﹶﻀـﺎﹰ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺤـﺎﻭﻝ ﻭﻋـﻆ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻭﹺﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﻤــﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺗــﺎﺭ ‪‬ﻙ ﺍﻟﺼﱠــﻼﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻠﻴــﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻘﱡــﻪ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳــﺄﻣﺮ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨــﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﻟـﻦ ﻳ‪‬ﻄﻴﻌـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺣـ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻹﻃـﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭﻟـﻰ ﻟـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳـﺄﻣﺮ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﻬﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻟـﻢ ﻳﺴـﺘﻄﻊﹺﺇﺑﻌـﺎﺩ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ‪ ‬ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﺋـ ‪‬ﺬ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺤﺮﻣـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ‪‬ﻳﺒﻌﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ؟! ﺑﻞ ﺇﻥ ﺣﺎﻭﻝﹶ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻔﺴﺪﹰﺍ ﻭﻓﺎﺳﺪﺍﹰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠـﺬﺍ ﻓـﺈﻧﻲ ﺃﻧﺼـﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﱡﻘـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻟﻜـﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﺁﻣـﺮﻳﻦ ﺑـﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺎﻫﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺭ‪‬ﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓـﹺﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﻌـﺪﻣﺖ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻀـﺔﹸ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﷲُ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻛ ﱠﻞ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳـﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻌﻀـﻬﺎ ﻣـﺬﻛﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺇﻥ ﻛﹸﻨﺖﹶ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﻟﺴﺖﹸ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﻄﻞﹸ ﻓﺮﻳﻀـﺔ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﺑـﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬـﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻜﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﻞﹶ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﺘﻌﻄﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨ ﹸﺖ ﻗﻠﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﻟﻌﻠﻤﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﻠ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴـﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻋﻠـﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﻧﻔﺴـﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳـﺎ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻗـﻮﻣﻲ ﺗﻔﺮﻗـﻮﺍ ﻭﺗﺸـﺘﺘﻮﺍ ﻭﺗﺼـﺎﺭﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺎ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﺣﺸﺮﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻫﻠـﻲ ﻭﻗـﻮﻣﻲ ﻣـﻊ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋـﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺣﺸﺮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌﺘﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﻤﻦ ﻗ ‪‬ﺪﻣﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‪ ‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﻗﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٤١‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﻭﺻﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻲ )ﺍﻟﺘﻮﹼﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒـﺮ‪‬ﻱ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼـﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ﻫﻨـﺎ ﺍﻟﺘـﻮﻟﹼﻲ ﻷﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒـﺮ‪‬ﻱ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻬﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬـ ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﺍﻝﹺ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﻫـﻢ ﻭﻋـﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ ‪‬ﻋـﺎﺩﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺭﹺ ﺍﻟﺤ ‪‬ﻖ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺍ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬ ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﻋﻮﺍﻧﻬﻢ ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﺴﺘﺤﻘﻴﻦ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺭﺑ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺸﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻭﺃﺑﻌﺪﻧﺎ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋ ‪‬ﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﺇﻥ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺐ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻀ ‪‬ﺮ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺳـﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺑﻐـ ﹶﺾ ﻋﻠـ ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻨﻔ ‪‬ﻊ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺇﻥ ﺩ ﱠﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺷـﻲٍﺀ ﺇﻧﻤـﺎ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤٢‬‬ ‫ﻳﺪ ﱡﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺐ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻭﺻﻲ‪ ‬ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻭﺧﻠﻴﻔﺘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻞ ﺇﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪) :‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺣﺐ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﺎﹰ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺣﺒﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﺃﺣﺒﻨـﻲ ﻓﻘـﺪ ﺃﺣـﺐ ﺍﷲ ﻭ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ﺃﺑﻐـﺾﹶ ﻋﻠﻴـﺎﹰ ﻓﻘـﺪ ﺃﺑﻐﻀـﻨﻲ ﻭﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻐﻀﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺑﻐ ﹶﺾ ﺍﷲ(‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﺣـ ‪‬ﺐ ﻋﻠﻴـﹰﺎ ﹶﻗﺒﹺـ ﹶﻞ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺻـﻼﺗ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺻـﻮﻣﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﺠﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺩ‪‬ﻋﺎﺋـﻪ ‪ ...‬ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺁﺧـﺮ ﺍﻟﺤـﺪﻳﺚ(‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨـﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚﹸ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺩ ﻭﻗﺪﹸﻧﻘﻠﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺭ ﻭﺍﻟـﺬﻫﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺼـﻔﻰ ﻭﺑـــﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻨـــﺎﺱ ﹸﻛﻠﻬـــﻢ‪ ‬ﹸﺗـــﺮﺍﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟــﻢ ﺗﺒــﺮ‪ ‬ﻣــﻦ ﺃﻋــﺪﺍ ﻋﻠــ ﹴﻲ ﻓﻤــﺎ ﻟــ ‪‬ﻚ ﻓــﻲ ﻣﺤﺒﺘــ ‪‬ﻪ ﺛــﻮﺍﺏ‪‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﺮﹴ ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﺫﺍ ﹸﺕ ﺷﻘﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﹼﻲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ﻣﺤﺒﺔ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺳﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﻦ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻤﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﻖ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺒـﺮ‪‬ﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺑﻐـ ﹸﺾ ﺍﻋـﺪﺍﺋﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺗﺒـﺮﺃ ﻭﺃﺩﻳـﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺘﻬﺠﻦ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻛ ﱠﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺤﺒﺘﻬﻢ ﺑﻞ ﻭﺑﻐ ﹸﺾ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺋﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻤ ﹰﻼ ﻓﺎﺭﻏـﺎﹰ ﺑـﺎﻃﻼﹰ ﻻ ﻣﺠـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺻﻌﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٤٣‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻓـﻲ ﻣـﺪﺡ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻀﻌﺔ ﻣﻨﻲ ﻓﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻏﻀﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﻏﻀﺒﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺍﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺁﺫﺍﻧﻲ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴـﻴﻦ ﺇﻣﺎﻣـﺎﻥ ﻗﺎﻣـﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻌـﺪﺍ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺭﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪ ) :‬ﺣﺴﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﻣﻨﻲ ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺃﺣ ‪‬ﺐ ﺍﷲُ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺃﺣﺐ‪ ‬ﺣ‪‬ﺴﻴﻨﺎﹰ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻞﱡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺗﺪﻝﱡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﺤﺒـﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻐﻀـﺒﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻀﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﺤﺒـﺘﻬﻢ ﺣـ ‪‬ﺐ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠ ‪‬ﻬـﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨـﺎ ﻣـﻦ ‪‬ﻣﺤﺒـﻴﻬﻢ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻳـﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﹸﻐﺒﺮﹸﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺕ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻳﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ ﻭﺑﺎﺕﹶ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ‪‬ﻓﺮﻗ ﹲﺔ ﺿﺎﻟﺔﹲ ﻣ‪‬ﻀﻠﹼﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺀَ ﻷﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘــﻰ ﺃﻧﻬــﻢ ﺟﻌﻠــﻮﺍ ﻣــﻦ ﺭﺳــﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻛﺒﻌﻀــﻬﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺨﻄــﺄ‬ ‫ﻛﺨﻄﺌﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻞ ‪‬ﻳﺨﻄﺄ ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺼﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺣﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﹼﻧﻰ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﺼﻤﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻟﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺨﻄﺄ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺣﺎﻟﻨﺎ ﻧﺤ ‪‬ﻦ ﺇﺫﻥ ﻟﻜﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﻳﺠﻬﻠﻮﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻴﺤﺘﺠﻮﻥ ﺑﺤ‪‬ﺠﺞ ﻭﺍﻫﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ‪ :‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﺘﺼﻮﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺒﺪﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎ ﹸﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺇﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﹸﺤﺒﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﹸﻄﻴﻌﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﻨﺼﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺨﺬﻟﻬﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪¿ ¾ ½ ¼ » º ¹ ¸ ¶M :‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤٤‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)LÃ Â Á À‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ‪!M :‬‬ ‫\"‪0/. - , +*)('&%$ #‬‬ ‫‪? > = <; : 9 8 7 6 5 43 2 1‬‬ ‫@‪.(٢)L‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘـﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻋـﺪﺍﺀُ ﺍﷲ ﺑـﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻢ ﺩﻭﻣـﺎﹰ ﻳﺠﺘﻤﻌـﻮﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺑـﺎﻃﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﻧﺤـﻦ‪ ‬ﺩﻭﻣـﹰﺎ ﻧﺘﻔـﺮ ‪‬ﻕ ﻋـﻦ ﺣﻘﻨـﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﻮﻣـﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠـﻢ ﻳﻜﺘـ ‪‬ﻒ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﻭ‪‬‬ ‫ﺑﺈﹺﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺻﺐﹺ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ـﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺸـﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـﹰﺎ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤـﺪﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺗﻀـ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗـﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﺋﻤﺘﻨـﺎ ﻭﺳـﺎﺩﺗﻨﺎ ﻭﻗﺎﺩﺗﻨـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜـﻢ ﻣـﻦ ﻣـﺮ‪‬ﺓ ﺃﻏـﺎﺭﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺠـ ‪‬ﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺮﻑ ﻭﻛﺮﺑﻼﺀ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻫﺪ‪‬ﻣﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﻟﺒﻘﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻗﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﺯﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺒﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺤﻖ‪ ‬ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻮﺍ ﻟﻨـﺎ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻷﻓﻌـﻰ ‪-‬ﻟـﻮ ﺻـﺢ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‪ -‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﻮﺙ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺆﻭﻡ ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻣﻤـﻦ ﻧﺼـﺒﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺀ ﻷﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻳﺪ‪‬ﻋﻲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻣﻨـﻪ‪ ‬ﺑـﺮﺍﺀ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﺇﺳـﻼﻡ ﻣـﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﻣﺤﺒـ ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳـ ‪‬ﺪﻋﻲ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﻟﺤﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻟﻜﻞﱢ ﺫﻱ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ .‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﺳ‪‬ﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٣‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٤٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻠ ‪‬ﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺅﻭﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺳﻼ ‪‬ﻡ ‪‬ﻣﺤﺮﻡ‪ ‬ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻣﺜـﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻗـﺎﺗﻠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻘﺎﻝﹸ ﺇﻧﻨﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ ﻭﺇﺛﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﺠﻴ ‪‬ﺐ‪ :‬ﺑـﺄ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺻ ‪‬ﺐ ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ﻧﺼـﺒﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﺍﺀ ﻷﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻫـﻢ‬ ‫ﺧـﺎﺭﺟﻮ ‪‬ﻥ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻭﻟﻴﺴـﻮﺍ ﻣﺤﺴـﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﻣـﻦ ﻃﻮﺍﺋـﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻭﺇﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻘـﻴﻦ ﺇﻥ ﺷـﺎ َﺀ ﺍﷲ ﻣـﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﺑـﺮﺍﺀٌ ﻣـﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﺴـﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﺘـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣ‪‬ﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺥﹴ ﻳﻌﺘﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻞﱡ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﻣ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﻌﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻮ ﺻﹶﹶﻠﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻛﻠ ‪‬ﻪ ﻭﺻﺎﻣﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮ‪ ‬ﻛﻠ ‪‬ﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺍﷲ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎﹰ ﻭﺃﺑﺪﺍﹰ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻨﻔﻌﻬﻢ ﻋﺒـﺎﺩﺗﻬﻢ ﺑـﻞ ﻫـﻢ ﻛﺎﻷﻧﻌـﺎﻡ ﺑـﻞ ﻫـﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺿﻞﱡ ﺳﺒﻴ ﹰﻼ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺳﺄﻟﻬﻢ ﺍ ُﷲ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺩﺓ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﹸﺮ‪‬ﺑـﻰ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﹸﻗﺮﺑ‪‬ـﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺳـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﻢ ﻗـﺪ ﺃﺧـﺬﻭﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋـﺎﺗﻘﻬﻢ‪‬ﺑﻐـﺾﹶ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑـﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻢ ‪‬ﻳﺨـﺎﻟﻔﻮﻥ ﻧـﺺﱠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻐﻴﺮﻭﻧﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﹰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﺃﻛﺮﺭ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﻳﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻋﺒـﺪﺍﹰ ﺃﺗـﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤـــﺎﺕ ﻏـﺪﹰﺍ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻛـــﻞ ﻧﺒــﻲ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺮﺳــﻞ ﻭﻭﻟـــﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺻـﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﻣـﺎ ﺻـﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺻﻮ‪‬ﺍﻣــﹰﺎ ﺑـــﻼ ﻣﻠـ ﹺﻞ ﻭﻗـﺎ ‪‬ﻡ ﻣـﺎ ﻗـﺎﻡ ﻗ ‪‬ﻮﺍﻣــﺎﹰ ﺑــﻼ ﻛﺴـــ ﹺﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺣ ‪‬ﺞ ﻣﺎ ﺣ ‪‬ﺞ ﻣﻦ ﻓـﺮﺽﹴ ﻭﻣـﻦ ﺳ‪‬ـﻨﻦﹴ ﻭﻃﺎﻑ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺣﺎ ‪‬ﻑ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻌـــ ﹺﻞ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤٦‬‬ ‫ﺇﻻﹼ ﺑﺤـﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﻴـﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴـــﻦ ﻋﻠـــﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺸـﺮ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﻌـــﺎﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﺨﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺑـﺪﺃﻧﺎ ﻣـﻦ ﺷـﺮﺡ ﻟﻔـﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺑﻘﻴﻨـﺎ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺳﻨﹸﺨﺼﺺﹸ ﺑﻌﺾﹶ ﺍﻟﺨﹸﻄﺐﹺ ﻟﺸﺮﺡ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻌﻠﹶﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻨﻔﻌﻜﻢ ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﺗﻨﺘﻔﻌﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻛﻼﻣـﺎﹰ ﻛﺜﻴـﺮﹰﺍ ﻟـﻢ ﺃﺫﻛـﺮﻩ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹸﺨﻄﺒﺔﹸ ﺳﻬﻠﺔﹰ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺴـﺘﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻦ ﺇﻥ ﺗﻜﺎﻣـ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺠﺘﻤـﻊ‪‬‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﻠﻤﻴﺎﹰ ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺎﹰ ‪-‬ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻧﺤـ ‪‬ﻦ ﻧـﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻟـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ‪ -‬ﻓﺴـﺄﻋﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﺷـﺮﺣﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘـﺔ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﷲُ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻮﻓﻖ‪..‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٤٧‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٤٨‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٤٩‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻌ ﹼﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﻋﻲ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻻ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﹶ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﺮﺁﻥ ﻳﺜﺒـﺖ ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ ﺍﻟﺜـﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ(‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋـﺎﺩ‪‬ﻝ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻠـﻢ ﺃﺣـﺪﺍﹰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ ‪‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧ ‪‬ﺠﻴﺒ‪‬ﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﺄ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﹸﻠﻢ ﻋﺪﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﻔﻲ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻢ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺟﻞ ﺟﻼﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪Æ Å Ä Ã Â Á ÀM :‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)LÇ‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺰﱠ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻞ‪< ; : 9M :‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻕ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٩‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٥٠‬‬ ‫= > ? @ ‪ ،(١)LA‬ﻭﻛ‪‬ﻼ ﻫﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻵﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﹶﺗﺪﻝﹼ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﹶﺻﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﹸﻇﻠﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﹸﻗﻞ ‪‬ﻟﻤﺎ ﹶﻗـﺪ‪‬ﻣﺖ ﺃﻳـﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻳﻀﺎﹰﹺﺑﻨ ﹼﺺ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻬﻤﻨﺎ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﺍﻵﻳـﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﺩﻧﺎﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻠﺘﻔﺘﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣ ﹴﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺜﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺤ ‪‬ﺴﻦ ﻭﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗﹶﺐ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﻨـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒﻌــﺎﹰ ﺍﻹﺣﺴـﺎﻥ ﻟــﻪ ﺩﺭﺟــﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﺍﻟﺜــﻮﺍﺏ ﺑــﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻹﺳﺎﺀﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺫﻱ ﻧﻈﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨـﺘﺞ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜـﻼﻡ ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ ﻗـﺪ ﺧﻔﻴـﺖ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴـﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻣـ ‪‬ﻦ ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻈـﺮ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﻷﻣـﻮﺭ ﺑﹺﻨﻈـﺮﺓ ﺳ‪‬ـﻄﺤﻴﺔ‪ ‬ﻣﺎﺩ‪‬ﻳّـ ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﺨﺎ‪‬ﻟﻔـﺎﹰ ﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟـﺔ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻨﺎﺳـﻴﹰﺎ ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﹶﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﺘﻨﺎﺳـﻴﺎﹰ ﻛـﻞﹼ ﺍﻟﻨﺴـﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺄ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺑﻼﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻓﻀـﻞ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﺘﻔﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﻮﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﹸﻗﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺩﺍﻓ‪‬ﻊ ﻟﻠ‪‬ﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺧـﺮﻭﻱ ﻏﺎﻟﺒـﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟـﺬﺍﺕ ‪‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻤـﻦ ﺍﺟﺘـﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺀ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻜ ‪‬ﺮﻡ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٨٢‬‬