Time Sifters Archaeology Society Newsletter September 2021

SEPTEMBER-2021 PRESERVATION  EDUCATION  RESEARCH  INSPIRE Dear Member: Welcome back to another exciting season of Archeology and History. The 2021/2022 season starts on September 15 with Dan Stephens presenting “The Hell on Earth: WWI Trench Warfare & the Flanders Peace Field Project” . We follow on October 20 with Diane Wallman of USF talking about a project she has been working on in the Caribbean on a contact-period European trading port. On November 17 we are honored to have the City of Alexandria’s Archaeologist Dr. Eleanor Breen talk to us about her work on the waterfront of the Colonial City of Alexandria VA. The topic is “Archaeology at the River’s Edge”. Please go to our website for the complete Calendar (www.timesifters.org). Thank you for being a Time Sifters member. Darwin “Smitty” Smith, President [email protected] September 15 - at 6:00 PM – ZOOM. The Hell on Earth: WWI Trench Warfare and the Flanders Project Daniel Stephens Lead Park Ranger, De Soto National Memorial We will investigate the origins Division of Interpretation. of trench warfare. Why did the Dan also serves as a Historic strategies of the western front Weapons Instructor for lead to the stalemate that produced the NPS. He also taught the largest trench system in various courses in history history? We will explore the for the Ringling OLLI in different types of trenches, and Sarasota. These courses the conditions both sides included the American fought in. We will then explore Civil War, The war of the present-day archaeology Independence, WWI, that is uncovering this network Medieval and Roman history, and what we can learn. and the Age of Napoleon. Dan Stephens is a 7th generation Photos: Pinterest, National Geographic. native Floridian. He grew up in Bradenton. Served in the Air Force and graduated from the USF with a degree in Anthropology with a minor in History. He has worked for the National Park Service (NPS) at De Soto National Memorial since 2007 in its

Did You Know? Virtual Guided Tour of the Archaeology of Sarasota/Manatee by: Dr. Uzi Baram, Professor of Anthropology, Director of the New College Public Archaeology Lab, New College of Florida, Time Sifters Member. Before the their view of Sarasota Bay change the cultural landscape. pandemic, I and thought Charles, with Either we will shape the had a full Edith’s support, would make landscape to ensure our schedule of for an interesting guide to traditions and best attributes public bring out findings and are sustained or the presentations debates from a century ago, transformations and erasures on rising which would also make the will shock us and the next sea levels point that archaeologists generations. I hope this tour and the and scholars have provided proves useful in the conver- challenges for new knowledge in the century sations we need – there are Sarasota/Manatee’s coastal since their time as well. an overwhelming number of heritage. I would go through Finally, the bayfront by decisions to be made about the many archaeological College Hall has experienced what to preserve, what to epochs for this region from the already several inches of sea document, and what to most ancient PaleoIndian into level rise – in 2012 New intentionally lose. the present. Often audience College constructed new members expressed surprise at seawall in response. The virtual tour created by this robust heritage. I realized Dr. Baram is available as a the need for accessible The guide, designed by menu option on our website: documentation for that sweep Laura Dean/Runjik www.TimeSifters.org of history. The power of the Productions, is meant to history came from the images educate and share. Too few coming one after the other. A residents know of the rich website could make the impact heritage of the Sarasota area. of those images more accessible. Today we face the challenge With the support and of that heritage becoming encouragement of Time Sifters inundated. The climate Archaeology Society, especially crisis for the region - rising Sherry Robinson Svekis, I sea levels, stronger hurricanes, applied for a Florida Humanities temperature rise - will grant to create the website A Virtual Guide to the Archaeology of SRQ https://archaeologysrq.org/. My role in in-person presentations was as a tour guide pointing out the common coastline thread for sites, settlements, and commemorations across the region. For this project I brought in a historical figure to assist: Charles Ringling. Why Charles Ringling? My New College faculty office is in College Hall, once the home of Charles and Edith Ringling. The couple came to Sarasota in 1911 and moved into their mansion in 1926. (Charles died, in December 1926, down the hall from my office.) I have

Notes from a Time Sifter What’s in a Name? That which we call a rose ... By Evelyn Mangie, Time Sifters Board Member In William Spanish culture. The influence of Photos: iStock. Shakespeare’s Islamic culture on early play, “Romeo Spanish explorers is evident More than half of all areas that and Juliet”, also in the way they described became states have Spanish or Juliet says to what they found in the Americas, Indian names. Romeo, “What’s writing that Aztec women in a name? dressed like “Moorish (Muslim) Names given by other European that which we women” and calling Native settlers are also revealing. call a rose by American religious sites Arizona was named haritz ona any other mezquitas (mosques). by the Basques, a persecuted name would Spanish minority. The name smell as The Spanish claimed a vast means “the good oak tree,” a sweet”. She swath of North America and Basque symbol for political meant that family continued to name places that freedom from Spain which is names are reveal their experiences. They why so many emigrated to irrelevant to lovers. saw the red sandstone in North America. But names can Colorado and gave it the be a tool, as Spanish word for “red.” The Vermont, first explored by archaeology is, name given to Texas is a Caddo French Jaques Cartier, was for understanding Indian word, Teycha, named vert mont (French for the mindset of (“allies”) that refers to allied “green mountain”). They named the people who chose the tribes that lived there who, Maine after a province in names. That is shown in the together, fought the Apaches. France (Mayenne), but when they names that the European took the Mississippi valley, they explorers gave to places in Most American Indian adopted the descriptive Ojibwe North America after1492. names adopted by the Spanish name, misi ziibi (“great river”). are what the Indians already They named the land along the The earliest explorers that called the area; Kansas is a river Louisiana, in honor of the came after Columbus were the Sioux word that means “south French King Louis XIV, but kept Spanish, and the first Spanish wind,” Iowa is the name of the Indian names for other areas; explorer to name an area in the Sioux tribe that lived there, Missouri is Indian for “people who North America was Ponce de and Oklahoma is Choctaw have big canoes,” León. He landed on our southern okla humma for “red people”. peninsula in 1519 at Easter- Nebraska is from the Otoe time and was impressed by the abundance of flowers (florido) Continued on page 4 ... so he named his claim La Florida (the flowery). 16 years later (1535), Cortés explored the west coast of North America and named it after a Muslim heroine, Queen Califia, (California) from a popular fictional novel. It is unusual for Christian explorers to honor a Muslim, especially the Spanish who considered themselves the guardians of Christianity after they eliminated Muslim hegemony in Spain in 1492, but it shows how deeply the 700-year Muslim rule over Spain (711-1492) affected

Continued from page 3 ... were named by the English in honor of England from king Charles II in honor of his which they came, Indian nebrathka for “flat water,” father Charles I (and himself?). New Hampshire and referring to the very shallow But the settlers that came to New Jersey. Even the Platte River, and Dakota is a what is now New England northern towns (Plymouth, Sioux word meaning “friend” were Puritans Salem, New London, referring to the alliance of the who strongly Manchester, Boston, Oxford, Lakota and disagreed with the new religious etc.), ignored the monarchs. Nakota peoples laws of the monarchs, so none of that formed the their settlements honored The middle colonies honored Great Sioux kings. Instead, they named founders, but none were Nation. their settlements after places monarchs. William Penn named his forested colony, The English Pennsylvania, after himself, also adopted and Delaware was named in Indian names honor of the Governor of Virginia, for their colonies. Lord De La Warr. The closest Massachusetts is the northern settlers came to Algonquian Indian massa honoring a monarch was -adchu-es-et, for “at the New York, named after the great hill”, and Connecticut Duke of York, brother of King comes from Algonquian Charles II, and Maryland, quinnehtukqut (“beside named by Catholic Lord Baltimore the long river”). The name for Rhode Island to honor the mother is believed to of Jesus, and also have been honoring Henrietta given by a Maria, French Dutch Catholic wife of explorer who English King saw the red Charles I. Obviously, clay and no love for the called it Roodt Crown in the north. Eylandt, (”red Should the English island”). monarch have been worried when the American colo- But more nists named Fort Pitt meaningful are some of (Pittsburgh) after British the names the English Parliamentarian William Pitt chose that reveal their who sided with the feelings about their colonists during the monarchs. The settlers of French and Indian War the southern colonies (1754-1763)? That was clearly were supporters clearly an indication of what of the Crown; Virginia, was to come in 1776. So, named by Sir Walter Raleigh names may be irrelevant for in honor of the virgin queen lovers like Romeo and Juliet, but Elizabeth I, Jamestown, the first historians can find important permanent settlement, was meaning in names. named for King James I, Georgia was named after King George II, and the Carolinas Board of Officers: Lifetime: $350 Pay online at: Directors Darwin \"Smitty\" Smith, President Individual: $25 WWW.TimeSifters.org Sherry Svekis, Vice President Family: $35 Or mail checks to: Mary S. Maisel, Secretary Student: $10 Time Sifters, Inc. Laura Harrison, Treasurer Supporting $50 PO Box 5283 Karen Jensen, Membership Sarasota, FL. 34277 Marion Almy Jean Louise Lammie Evelyn Mangie Copyright © 2021 Time SiftersArchaeology Society,Inc., All rights reserved.