Dr.A.P.J. mg;Jy;fyhk; tho;f;if tuyhW fdTj;jpl;lq;fs; 1|Page
KdD; iu “ vej; f; fdthf ,Uej; hYk; vej; ,yff; pakhf ,Uej; hYk; mJ ylN; rhg ylr; k; kff; splk; Nghff$; bajhf ,Uff; NtzL; k.; vdg; J kfhj;kh fhej; papd; thfF; . cdd; plk; ftpij vdD; k; nghd; ,Uej; hy; thof; i; f vdD; k; ciuff; yy; py; mijj; Njaj; J; gg; hh; vdg; J kfhftp myy; hkh ,fg; hy; thfF; . gbgG; jUk; gydf; s; ngwN; whh; jqf; s; Foei; jfSfF; eyy; fyt; p fwg; pgg; ijtpl NtnwhU Nkyhd ntFkjp mspff; KbahJ vd;whh; egpfs; ehafk.; fwN; whhf; F; nrd;wtplnkyy; hk; rpwgG; vdg; J rhdN; whh; thfF; . ed;whf gbjj; hy; gilgg; hw;wy; tUk>; gilgg; hw;wy; tshj; j; hy; Ngrr; hww; y; tUk.; fyt; p mwpT tsu tsu %lekg; pfi; ffs; FiwAk.; vijAk; rhjpff; KbAk; vdw; jdd; kg; pfi; f epiwAk.; edw; hf gbjJ; eyy; kjpgn; gzf; s; ngww; hy; Nkwg; bgG; ff; hd cjtpjn; jhif fpilfF; k.; tqf; pfs; flDjtp nraA; k.; 2|Page
gbgG; vdg; J murhqf; Ntiy ngWtjwf; hf kl;kpyi; y njhopy; KidNthuhf cah;eJ; kdpjdhf thot; jwF; vyy; hUfF; k; fyt; p mwpT kpf mtrpak.; ehlb; d; tshr; r; p vdg; J kff; spd; fyt; pjj; uji; j Fwpff; pwJ. ,gg; b gy mhpa tp\\aqf; is ehisa khzth; rKjhak; gbgg; pYk; thot; pYk; rpweJ; tpsqf; mg;Jyf; yhk; nrhyf; pwhh.; gbAqf; s; gbgG; jUk; gyid mwpAqf; s; gy mhpa E}yf; spd; njhFgG; vLjJ; jqf; s; gss; papy; gapYk; khzthf; s; edF; fww; hpeJ; gy rhjiffis gilff; NtzL; k; vdw; fdtpy; cqf; s; gss; papd; gioa khztDkhd ehd; ,jn; jhFgg; pid kWgjpgG; ntspapLtjpy; ngUik . ngUikia fhgg; hw;w Ntzb; a flik cqf; SfF; . mJNt ekJ lhfl; h; fyhk; Iahtpd; fdT fhZqf; s; vdw; thfF; ,JNt ekJ caph; %rR; vd rgjk; VwN; ghk; tuyhW gilgN; ghk.; vdW; k; elG; ld; R.Jiugg; hzb; ad; Ex-CISF cqf; s; gss; papd; gioa khztd-; 1987 3|Page
ylr; paKld; vjphn; fhsS; qf; s; ,ej; pahit tsh;ej; ehlhf khwW; tij fdthff; nfhzL; khzthf; s; nrayg; l NtzL; k; eqP f; s; xU ylr; paji; j vjphn; fhzL; vjpht; Uk; jilfis jfhj; ;J rpwgg; ila NtzL; k.; tpLKiw fhyqf; spy; khzthf; s; jqf; s; ylr; paqf; is jhP ;khdpjJ; f; nfhsS; k; thag; g; hf nfhss; NtzL; k.; ,ayhjthf; SfF; j; jqf; shy; ,ad;w cjtpfis nraa; NtzL; k.; rphpjJ; kfpOqf; s; ,ej; pa kff; s; Fiwthfr; rphpff; pwhhf; s.; mjpYk; jkpo; kff; s; kpff; Fiwthf rphpff; pwhhf; s.; ehk; cly; eyKlDk; > kdtypikAlDk; thor; rphpgG; kpfTk; mtrpak.; mJ kfpor; r; piaf; nfhLff; pwJ. fjputd; cjajj; pYk; > elr; j; puqf; spd; mofpYk>; kfpor; r; p fhzyhk.; tshg; piwapypUe;J KOrr; ej; pud; tsUk; fhlr; p vyN; yhUfF; k; ,dg; ji; jf; nfhLfF; k.; fly; miyfspd; rqf; jP jj; pdhYk; kfpor; r; piaf; fhzyhk.; Foei; jfspd; rphpgg; pd; mofpYk; koiyapYk; kfpor; r; piaf; fhzyhk.; 4|Page
ngz; fyt; p vqn; fyy; hk; ngz; fyt; p mjpfkhf css; Njh mqn; fyy; hk; kff; s; njhifg; ngUff; k; jhdhfNt xU flL; fF; s; mlqf; ptpLtij Rlb; ff; hll; NtzL; k.; MfNt khzthf; shfpa eqP f; s; Fiwej; glr; k; vOjg; gbff; j; njhpahj IeJ; ngzf; Sff; htJ mijr; nrhyy; pf; nfhLff; Kdt; uNtzL; k.; mNjhL eqP f; s; gbff; r; nrhyy; pf; nfhLff; pdw; ngzf; SfF; r%fjj; py; ngzf; isg; ghjpff; pw gpurr; idfs; Fwpjj; tpopgG; zhi; tAk; Vwg; Ljj; yhk; .,gg; b ngz; fyt; p ngUFtjhy; Vwg; Lk; khww; ji; j tpsff; khf nrhyf; pwhh.; Foei; jj; njhopyhshf; s; gbfF; k; tajpy; css; Foei; jfisg; gzpapy; mkhj; j; pf; nfhst; J ,ej; pahtpy; jwN; ghJ epyTfpw rll; qf; pspd; gb Fww; khff; gg; lL; ss; J. 2002y; ,aww; pa ,ej; pa murpayikgG; j; jpUjj; r; rll; gg; b MwpypUeJ; gjpdhdF; taJfF; lg; ll; Foei; jfSfF; f; fyt; p gapYk; trjpfs; fpilff; NtzL; k; vdg; J Foei; jfspd; mbgg; il chpikahff; gg; lL; ss; J. Foei; jfs; $l eyy; njhU ,aff; ji; jj; njhlqf; p jqf; sJ FLkg; qf; isg; gadg; Ljj; yhk; vdg; J vd; vzz; k.; Fwpgg; hf rpy ngwN; whhf; s; Fb > #jhll; k; Nghdw; rpy jaP goff; toff; qf; SfF; Mshfpj; jhKk; mope;J mthf; sJ FLkg; Kk; Foei; jfSk; Jdg; gg; Ltijj; jLff; ,jj; ifa Foei; jfs; ,aff; Kk; mUkg; qf; hww; yhk.; ,jd%; yk; jkJ ngwN; whiu fhgg; hwW; tNjhL jki; kjj; hNkAk; fhj;Jf; nfhss; ,aYk.; NkYk; KjpNahh; fyt; pKiwfspd; %yk; ekJ ngwN; whiuAk; fyt; pawpT ngww; thf; shff; Foei; jfs; Kawr; prf; NtzL; k.; RUqf; r; nrhyt; njdw; hy; ,ej; f; Foei; jj; njhopyhsh; gpurr; idia %d;W NtWtpj Nfhzqf; NshL mZf NtzL; k.; 5|Page
1. rkg; ej; gg; ll; Foei; jfs; jhk; njhlh;eJ; fyt; p fwf; tpUkG; tijj; jhP k; hdkhf mwptpgg; NjhL mjwn; fd Kawr; pff; NtzL; k.; 2. Foei; jfspd; ngwN; whhf; SfF; mtrpakhd tpopgG; zhi; t Vwg; Lj;Jjy.; 3. Foei; jfisg; gzpfF; mkhj; j; pfn; fhsS; k; epiyapy; css; njhopyK; idgthf; s>; jkfF; jj; hNk jff; Ra flLgg; hLfis tpjpj;Jf; nfhzL; mij Kide;J nrayg; Ljj; Kdt; uNtzL; k; vjj; id mUikahd tpsff; k.; Ntiy nfhLgg; thf; shf MFqf; s; xU khztuhfpa eqP f; s; vej; jJ; iwapy; gbjj; hYk; mjpNy rpwgg; plk; ngwW; cqf; sJ Kjj; piuiag; gjpAqf; s.; mjd; gpwF cqf; sJ thot; pd; FwpfN; fhis eprr; apj;Jf; nfhzL; mfF; wpNfhSfn; fd mwpitAk>; mDgtji; jAk; ciojJ; r; Nrfhpj;J mfF; wpfN; fhis mila KaYqf; s.; cqf; sJ fbd ciogg; hYk; tplhKawr; pahYk; jilfisj; fleJ; nfhzL; FwpfN; fhspy; ntww; pailAqf; s; . xU ,ylr; pajj; pwf; hf eqP f; s; ciofF; k; NghJ mjd; topapy; Mqf; hqN; f ,ilQr; yf; s; Njhd;WtJ ,ayG; mtwi; w KwpabjJ; ntww; p fhZqf; s; > ,it midjN; jhLk; cahpa edd; lji; jia cqf; sJ toff; khff; pf; nfhsS; qf; s.; 6|Page
khzthf; s; Ntiyj; NjbgN; ghfhJ gpwUfF; Ntiy nfhLff; ; $ba njhopy; Kidthf; shf Mf NtzL; k.; tpLKiw ehlf; spy; eqP f; s; ViofSfF; k; trjpthag; G; fs; FiwthAss; kww; Foei; jfSfF; k; fyt; p fwg; pgg; ij cqf; SfF; g; goff; khff; pf; nfhsS; qf; s; NkYk; khzthf; s; kuff; d;Wfis elL; tshg; g; jd; %yk; ehlb; d; Rw;Wr; #oy; guhkhpgG; fF; mUkg; qf; hw;w ,aYk.; nkhjj; jj; py; ,JNghdw; eltbfi; ffs; vyy; hf; Fbkff; isAk; ek; ehli; lAk; tsk; nfhopff; r; nraJ; eki; k xU tshe; j; ehlhfF; k.; Foei; j tpQQ; hdpfs; Foei; jfs; vijAk; J}zb; j; JUtp Mht; jN; jhL Nflg; ijg; ghhj; j; pUgg; hP f; s.; Foei; jfsplk; fhzgg; Lk; ,ej; mwpeJ; nfhsS; k; Mht; k; xtn; thU Foei; jAk; xU tpQQ; hdp MfF; fpwJ. Neuji; j tzP hf nrytplhNj vdi; dr; Rw;wpAk; Vuhskhd ,isQhf; Sk; khzthf; Sk; ,Uff; pwhhf; s; Mdhy; mthf; SfF; nlyptp\\d; ghhg; g; jwF; mhpjhfNt rkak; fpilff; pwJ. ,itnayy; hk; mtuthpd; thot; pd; ,yfi; fg; nghWjj; J. eqP f; s; cqf; sJ fyt; papNyNa rpwgg; plk; ngwNtzL; k; mjpNy cqf; sJ Kjj; piuiag; gjpff; NtzL; k; vd;w vzz; k; vzz; pdhy; cqf; SfF; nlyptp\\d; ghhf; f; mjpf rkak; fpilff; hJ. 7|Page
nghJthf ,yff; pNy Ftpej; kdKilatUfF; mtuJ ftdji; jj; Fiyff; pw tp\\aqf; SfF; NeukpUff; hJ. Nkijfisg; gww; p tpthjpAqf; s; ekJ fyt; papd; xh; mqf; khf thueN; jhWk; xU kzp NeukhtJ ekk; pilNa thoe; j; > thof; pdw; ey;y kdpjhf; isg; gw;wp tpthjpgg; Jk; > mthf; s; vjdhy; eyy; kdpjhf; shf mwpagg; Lfpwhhf; s; vdW; czht; Jk; khzthf; SfF; eyk; gafF; k.; ,ej; xU kzp Neu tFgi; g ,sk; css; qf; is cdd; jkhff; KaYk; mwpnthsp tFgG; vdW; nfhss; yhk.; ,tt; Fgg; pNy kdpj Fyjj; pd; khngUk; Qhdpff; hd Gjj; h>; fd/; G+]pa]>; Gdpj mf]b; d>; fy/P gh Xkhh>; kfhjk; h fhej; p> Id]; B; d>; Mgu; fhky; pqf; d; kwW; k; gpw tpQQ; hdpfisg; gww; pAk; tpthjpff; yhk.; NkYk; ejP pff; ijfs; > ekJ fyhrr; huk; kwW; k; goikahd gzg; hlb; d; Nkdi; kia tpsfF; k; tp\\aqf; s; Fwpj;Jk; fyeJ; iuahlhyhk.; ,jd; %yk; khzthf; s; ekJ gzg; hlb; d; Nkdi; kiaAk; ,qN; f epyTfpw goff; toff; qf; spd; Nthf; isAk; ekJ rKjhajj; pd; Mokhd gpdd; zpiaAk; rhptu GhpeJ; nfhss; ,aYk.; kww; gb ,isQhf; splKk>; Foei; jfsplKk>; gzg; hlb; d; jhff; k; mtuthf; s; tLP > gss; pf$; lk; kw;Wk; mthf; s; thoe; ;J tshf; pd;w rKjhar; #oe; piyfshy; gbfpwJ vdf; pwhh.; ehk; ahNuhL Nrhf; pNwhNkh mthf; isg; NghyNt MNthk.; vdNt Nkijfisg; gww; pg; NgR> gb eAP k; Nkij Mtha; vdg; J fyhkpd; fUj;J. ekJ fyt; p Kiw 8|Page
ekJ fyt; p Kiw gdK; fKilajhf gy ghpkhzqf; s; cilajhf Foei; jia QhdKk; > tpNtfKk; epiwej; mwpthhe; j; Fbkfdhf cUthfF; tjhf mikjy; NtzL; k.; vdpDk; fyt; p Kiwapy; css; FiwghLfis xU eyy; Mrphpauhy; <Lfll; KbAk.; NkYk; fyt; p Kiw vtt; sTjhd; rpwgg; hdjhf ,Uej; hYk; mij Mrphpahf; s; %ykhfjj; hd; khzthf; SfF; vLjJ; r; nrhyy; KbAk; . ,jwn; fd jukhd Mrphpahf; s; mtrpak; . Rpwej; Mrphpahf; s; NtzL; k; Mrphpahf; s; KO <LghlN; lhL ghlk; elj;Jgthf; shf mikaNtzL; k; vtnuhUth; fwg; pgg; ijAk; ghlk; fwf; pw Foei; jfisAk; KOikahff; fwg; pgg; jwF; j; Njitahd fyt; pQhdk; ngww; tuhf mika NtzL; k.; Mrphpag; ngUkff; s; Ra nfsut czhT; nfhzb; Ujj; y; NtzL; k.; midjj; pYk; Nkyhd Mrphpahf; s; ekJ khzthf; SfF; xU rhpahd Kd; cjhuzkhf jpfo NtzL; k.; mjj; ifa Mrphpahf; is mthf; sJ gzpapd; rpwgG; f; fUjp mthf; SfF; jff; rd;khdqf; Sk; ntFkjpfSk; tpUJfSk; mspjJ; CfF; tpgg; J mtrpak.; ,jj; ifa rpwgG; f; Fzqf; is Mrphpahf; splk; gutyhff; ehL jOtpa rpwgG; f; fyt; p Kfhk; eljj; p ehnlqF; k; ,jj; ifa Mrphpahf; spd; vzz; pfi; fia mjpfgg; Ljj; NtzL; k.; gpw ehlb; y; Ntiy ghhg; g; jhy; ek; ehlb; Ny MzL; NjhWk; %d;W ,ylr; k; ,d;[pdpahf; s; gll; k; ngw;W fyy; }hpffspypUe;J ntsp tUfpwhhf; s; mJ jtpu NkYk; xU ylr; k; khzthf; s; kw;w gpw njhopy;Elg; f; fyt; pfspy; kUj;Jtk; clg; l gll; k; ngwW; ntsptUfpwhhf; s.; ,JNghdW; Vuhskhd mstpNy lhfl; hf; Sk; ,d[; pdpahf; Sk; jahuhfpw ehlb; Ny mthf; spy; rpyh; ntspehLfSfF; Ntiy 9|Page
Njbrn; rd;why; mJ Fwpj;J tprdgg; lj; Njitapyi; y ,tt; hW Ntiy Njbr; nryf; pwthf; s; $l ,ej; pahtpNy css; jjj; kJ FLkg; qf; SlDk; jhqf; s; fyt; p gapd;w fy;Y}hpfSlDk; njhlh;eJ; njhlhG; itjJ; fn; fhsf; pwhhf; s.; ,ej; j; njhlhG; fshYk; G+lfkhd edi; kfs; gy czL; ek; ehlb; y; tshr; r; pfF; ,tw;why; gy Mff; g; G+ht; khd gqf; spgG; k; czL; . fyt; p nfhLfF; k; eyy; it vd; vzz; jj; pNy fyt; pKiw khzthf; spd; Mff; g; G+ht; khd fwg; idjj; pwdf; is CfF; tpgg; jhf mika NtzL; k.; ,JNghdw; Mff; gG; +ht; khd nrayj; pwDk>; edd; lji; jAk; czhN; thL fyej; hy; QhdKk>; tpNtfKk; epiwej; mwpthh;ej; Fbkff; s; cUthth; mthf; shy; thot; pd; vej; r; rthiyAk; Jzprr; yhfr; rkhspff; ,aYk.; %tuhy; KbAk; vdi; dg; nghWjj; tiuapy; mdi; d jei; j Mukg; gg; ss; p Mrphpahf; s; Mfpa %thpd; cjtpNahLjhd; Coiy xopff; KbAk.; ,ej; %tUk; > ,sk; gpQR; css; qf; spy; edd; lji; jia tpijjj; hy; mJ mthf; sJ css; jj; pNy gRkujj; hzp Nghyg; gjpe;J gyd; jUk.; mjdg; pwF vyy; hf; fhyqf; spYk; ,ej; ,sk; css; qf; s; ewF; zk; epukg; pathf; shf tho;ehs; vyy; hk; xOff; ryP hf; shf thot; h.; tshr; r; p tshr; r; p vdg; J kff; spd; fyt; pjj; uji; j Fwpgg; hfg; ngzf; yt; piaAk; Fwpff; pwJ vgn; ghOnjyy; hk; rKjhajj; py; ngzf; spd; 10 | P a g e
fyt; pepiy cahf; pwNjh mgn; ghOnjyy; hk; mJ rpWFLkg; newpfF; k; tpjj; pLfpwJ. Ra njhopy; KidgG; g; ghlqf; s; ekJ fyt; pKiw > Ranjhopy; njhlqF; tJ Nghdw; fUjJ; fSfF; Kjypy; mjpf Kff; paj;Jtk; nfhLff; NtzL; k; . khzthf; s; fy;Y}hpfspy; gbff; pw fhyqf; spNyNa Ra njhopy; njhlqF; tJ Fwpj;J Mff; gG; +ht; khfr; rpej; pjJ; Rjej; pukhfr; nrayg; lL; nryt; tsji; jg; ngUfF; tij Kff; pankdf; fUJtij CfF; tpff; NtzL; k.; gyjugg; ll; jpwqf; Sk; (Skillls) fbd ciogG; k; Ranjhopy; Kidgthf; is cUthfF; fpd;wd mtwi; w vyy; hk; khzthf; SfF; k; fwW; jj; u NtzL; k.; ,Jjtpu ,sqf; iy > ,skwptpay; > ,stzpfk; Nghd;w gll; tFgG; fSfF; k; Ranjhopy; KidtJ Fwpjj; ghlj; jpll; qf; isAk; eilKiwg; gapwr; p tFgG; fisAk; fll; hakhff; NtzL; k; jdpahh; kw;Wk; nghJj;Jiw fyt; p epiyaqf; s; ,JNghd;w Ranjhopy; Kawr; pj; jpll; qf; is CfF; tpgg; itahf mikaNtzL; k; Fwpgg; hf tqf; pfs; kwW; k; rei; jfs; %yk; mjpfhpgg; itfshf mikaNtzL; k.; ,JNghd;w Ranjhopy; KidT eltbfi; ffis ngUksT Mjhpgg; jhy; Ntiyapyy; hj; jpzl; hll; ji; j ngUksT rkhspff; KbAk.; mthf; s; gpurr; idfis ftdpff; NtzL; k.; cyfpd; gy ehLfs; jtP puthjk; vd;w gpwrr; idapy; rpff; pj; jtpff; pd;wd jtP puthjji; j xopff; NtzL; khdhy; kff; spilNa Fwpgg; hf ,isa rKjhajj; pdhplk; fhzgg; Lfpw Vw;wj; jhoT; fisj; Fiwff; NtzL; k.; 11 | P a g e
,J jtpu Foei; jfSfF; k; ,isQhf; SfF; k; edn; dwpfisg; Nghjpgg; ij mthf; sJ fyt; papd; xU mqf; khff; p mjj; ifa fyt; p gbff; pdw; midtUfF; k; Ntiythag; i; g eyF; tjhf mikff; NtzL; k.; ek; ehL KOikahf tsh;e;J ,qN; f grpAk; tWikAk; ,yy; hikAk; ,yi; ynadw; hf NtzL; k.; ,jidnayy; hk; eilKiwgg; Lj;Jk; NghJjhd; ,qF; gyN; tW R%fkhd #oe; piyAk; mikjpAk; epyTk.; Foei; jfSfF; Nghjpff; Ntzb; aJ ehk; ekJ Foei; jfSfF; mthf; sJ gss; pf$; lqf; spNy Nghjpff; Ntzb; a xU Kff; pakhd ewF; zk; kff; s; kdqf; spypUe;J ntWgi; g JiljJ; mopgg; Nj. rfpgG; jj; di; kapd; %yNk kff; spilNa xwW; ik epyTk; gyN; tW kjqf; s; > nkhopfs; ,dqf; s; gpuhej; paqf; s; Mfpa vyy; htww; pYk; CLUtp epwF; k; kdpjNeak; kwW; k; ehnkyy; hk; ,ej; pah; vd;w xwW; ik czhT; fis CfF; tpff; NtzL; k.; ,jj; ifa mUqF; zk; midtuJ ,yy; qf; spYk; Mukg; g; gss; p$ljj; pNyNa gapwW; tpjj; y; mtrpak; . ehL Kff; pak; ehdyy; . vd; kjKk; Kff; akyy; ehd; rhhe; j; pUfF; k; mikgG; k; vd; ehli; ltpl Kff; pakhdjyy; vdw; vzz; k; kff; spd; kdqf; spNyNa Nt&dw; NtzL; k.; ,twi; wnayy; hk; neQr; pNy epWjj; p ,iltplhJ njhlhe; J; ciojj; hy; vyy; h ,djj; tUk; thOk; ,jj; pU ehlb; y; xw;Wik epfoTk.; mikjp jtOk; ,gg; b Foei; jfsplk; xwW; ikAzhi; t fyt; p %yk; Vwg; Ljj; NtzL; k.; 12 | P a g e
gj;J cWjpnkhopfs; 1. ehd; Nkwn; fhzL; tUk; fyt; pgzpia myy; J njhopiyf; ftdkhfTk; rpuji; jAlDk; nraJ; mjpy; epGzj;Jtk; ngWNtd.; 2. ,gn; ghOjpypUe;J ehd; vOjgg; bff; j; njhpahj Fiwej; glr; k; gjJ; g; NgUff; htJ mijr; nrhyy; pf; nfhLgN; gd.; 3. ehd; Fiwej; J gjJ; kuff; d;WfshtJ elL; guhkhpj;J tshj; ;J mtwi; w kukhfF; Ntd.; 4. ehd; thOk; ,ljJ; fF; mUfpYss; fpuhkk; myy; J efhg; G; wqf; spy; Nghij myy; J #jhll; g; goff; jj; pwf; hshfp JaUWk; Fiwej; glr; k; Ie;J NgiuahtJ mjpypUe;J epuej; ukhf klP f; Kawr; pgN; gd.; 5. vd; rNfhju kdpjhpd; JaiuAk; typiaAk; Jilff; vdd; hyhdtwi; w nrat; jwF; j; njhlhe; ;J Kawr; pgN; gd.; 6. kjk>; ,dk>; nkhop> [hjp Mfpatw;wpd; mbgg; il kff; isg; gphpeJ; murpay; Mjhak; Njl Kawr; pfF; k; vej; nthU mikgi; gAk; ehd; Mjhpff; khlN; ld.; 7. ehd; Nehi; kahf ele;Jnfhst; NjhL yQr; k; ,yy; hj rKjhak; cUthf vdd; hy; ,ad;w Kawr; pfs; vyy; hk; nraN; td.; 8. xU QhdKk; tpNtfKk; epiwej; mwpthhe; j; gzg; ll; Fbkfdhf ehd; Kawr; p nrat; NjhL vd; FLkg; ji; jr; Nrhe; t; hf; Sk; Nehi; kahd topapNy eleJ; nfhss; mthf; is CfF; tpgN; gd.; 9. cly>; Cdk; kwW; k; kdtshr; r; p Fd;wpathf; spd; czi; kahd Njhodhf ele;Jnfhst; NjhL ,adw; tiu eki; kgN; ghyNt 13 | P a g e
mthf; Sk; ,ayg; hd thof; i; fia Nkwn; fhss; ehd; czi; kahf cioj;J KOikahf Kawr; pgN; gd.; 10. ehd; > vd; ehL kw;Wk; rf Fbkff; spd; ntw;wpfis kfpo;e;J nfhzl; hLNtd; . ,ej; gj;J cWjpnkhopiaAk; xtn; thU khztDk; gpdg; ww; pdhy; ehL rpwfF; k; ehKk; rpwgN; ghk.; fyt; papd; Nehff; k; nghJthf fyt; papd; Nehff; k; vdd; thf ,Uff; NtzL; k;? mf; fyt; piaf; Rww; pLk; ,s css; qf; s.; ekJ thoe; hnsyy; hk; jkfF; j; Njitahd fyt; piaj; njhleJ; Rakhfj; jhNk fww; pLk; jpwikAilathf; shf MfF; tJjhd.; jhan; khopf; fyt; p ehd; vd; jhan; khopahfpa jkpo; topahfjj; hd; vd; gss; pff; yt; papd; ,WjpahzL; tiu gbjN; jd.; fyY; }hpapNy gll; tFgG; gbfF; kN; ghJjhd; ehd; Mqf; pynkhop topf; fyt; pia Nkwn; fhzN; ld.; vdi; dg; nghWjj; tiu ehd; fy;Y}hpfspy; gll; tFgG; fSfF; f; $lj; jhan; khop topff; yt; pia ifahs KbAk; vd;W ekG; fpNwd.; Vnddpy; jhan; khop topff; yt; p khzthf; spd; rpej; idia ntFthf CfF; tpff; thag; G; fs; czL; . ,J xUGwk; ,Uej; hYk; gyN; tW cyfshtpa rKjhaqf; Sld; ruskhfj; njhlhG; nfhss; Mqf; pyk; Nghd;wnjhU xU njhlhG; nkhop mtrpak.; Mff; G+ht; khd nray; jpll; k; Nghww; jj; ff; ewF; zqf; isAk; Nghjpgg; jhf ekK; ila fyt; pKiw mikaNtzL; k.; Fwpgg; hfg; gyN; tW JiwfspNy ekK; ila mUKawr; pahy; jil gy fleJ; jkfF; k; jkJ JiwfF; k; GfoN; rhe; j; ekJ ngUej; iythf; spd; KdD; jhuzqf; is ,isa rKjhajj; pwF; mwpKfgg; Ljj; NtzL; k.; 14 | P a g e
mJ tpQQ; hdj; JiwahflL; k>; rll; j;JiwahflL; k; myy; J murpay; JiwahapDk; mjpNy Kjj; piu gjpjj; ewF; zqf; s; epukg; path; mNdfh; czL; . ,J xUGwk; ,Uff; ekJ Foei; jfSff; hd Mukg; gss; p mthf; sJ Mff; gG; +ht; khd fwg; idj; jpwid CfF; tpgg; jhf mikaNtzL; k.; mtt; hW nraa; Kwg; LkN; ghJ mjwn; fdf; Foei; jfspd; ghljj; pll; ji; j mjpfgg; Ljj; ptplf$; lhJ khwhf mthf; sJ Gjj; fr; Rikiaf; Fiwj;J kdtshr; r; pia mjpfhpff; NtzL; k.; mgN; ghJjhd; fwg; idj; jpwjN; jhL $ba Mff; gG; +ht; khd gilfF; k; jpwd; Foei; jfspilNa kyUk.; Nkwf; yt; pff; hd ghljj; pll; k; vtt; hW mikaNtzL; k; vd;why; mijg; gadg; LjJ; fpw khzt rKjhak; NkYk; cahf; yt; p ngw tpUkg; pdhy; mthf; s; jkJ tho;ehnsyy; hk; njhleJ; RakhfNt jkfF; j; Njitahd fyt; piaf; fww; pLk; jpwKilathf; shf Mff; pl NtzL; k.; Mrphpahpd; gqf; spgG; fyt; p xUtuJ Mff; gG; +ht; khd fwg; idj; jpwjN; jhL $ba gilgG; j; jpwidAk; Kide;J KdN; dww; fukhd topfisj; fzL; zh;e;J mij eilKiwfF; f; nfhzL; tuf$; ba mUqF; zji; j CfF; tpgg; jhfTk; mika NtzL; k.; xU eyy; Mrphpah; vdg; th; ghlk; nrhyy; pf; nfhLgg; ijAk>; jhd; ghlk; nrhyy; pnfhLfF; k; Foei; jfisAk; kdjhu tpUkG; thh.; mth; jkJ khzthf; s; fwW; fn; fhst; ijAk; CfF; tpgg; hh.; mthf; sJ fwg; idjj; pwjN; jhL $ba Mff; gG; +ht; khd gilgG; j; jpwidAk; CfF; tpgg; hh.; 15 | P a g e
,Jjtpu mth; jkJ khzthf; isj; jkJ thoe; hnsyy; hk; njhlhe; ;J fwW; fn; fhsS; k; jpwk; nfhzl; tuhfg; ghpzhk tshr; r; p mspgg; hh.; gbgG; mtrpak; fyt; papd; Nehff; Nk xU murhqf; Ntiyia miltJ vdW; vzZ; tjhyj; hd; ,JNghd;w rpff; yhd #oy; Vwg; LfpwJ khwhf fyt; papy; Nehff; k; vej; ,ff; ll; hd #o;epiyapYk; mijgg; bjj; thf; s; nghUshjhu hjP pahf jki; kf; fhjJ; f; nfhss; f; $ba tifapy; mthf; SfF; j; jpwkspgg; jhFk.; fyt; p fwF; k; xtn; thUtUfF; k; mthf; s; njhopy; Kidthf; shFk; tpjjj; pNy jpwikAk; ekg; pfi; fAk; mspgg; J mff; yt; papd; xU gFjpahf NtzL; k.; Ntiy NjLgtuhf ,Uej; hYk; rhp myy; J Ntiy nfhLgg; tuhf ,Uej; hYk; rhp vyy; hUfF; k; fyt; p mwpT kpf mtrpak; vdg; ij czuNtzL; k.; cqf; SfF; ,yfF; mtrpak; vdfF; VwfF; iwa gjj; tajhFkN; ghJ ehd; ,uhkNk]t; ujj; py; Iej; hk; tFgG; gbjJ; f; nfhzb; UeN; jd.; mgN; ghJ vdD; ila Mrphpah; jpU. rptRgg; pukzpa maa; h; mthf; s; vdJ thot; pd; ,ylr; paji; j vdD; s; J}zb; tpll; hh.; mgn; ghOJ ehd; vd; thot; pNy Mfha tpkhdk; njhlhg; hd gzpfspy; <Lgl NtzL; k; vd;W Kawr; pjN; jd; ,Wjpahf uhfn; fl; ,d;[pdpauhf MNdd.; mJNghy eqP f; Sk; cqf; sJ thot; pd; ,yfi; f milahsk; fzL; nfhzL; mjwn; fd cwr; hfjN; jhLk; Cff; jN; jhLk; JtshJ JbgN; ghL ,iltplhJ cioAqf; s.; cqf; s; ,yfF; vdd; thf ,Uej; hYk; mjhtJ eqP f; s; Mrphpauhf tpUkg; pdhYk; rhp> myy; J ,d[; pdpauhf tpUkg; pdhYk; rhp> 16 | P a g e
lhfl; uhfNth r%f NrtfuhfNth kff; s; jiytuhfNth Mf tpUkg; pdhYk; rhp. mjwn; fd ,iltplhJ ciogg; NjhL cqf; Sila mej; f; FwpfN; fhSld; eqP f; s; xU eyy; kdpjuhtijAk; ,yff; hfg; gpdd; pfn; fhsS; qf; s; eqP f; Sk; xUNrug; gadilthP f; s.; gbgN; ghL edd; lji; jAk; xU khztd; ngWfpw kjpgn; gzf; s; xU Fwpgg; pll; ghljj; pNy mtNdh (m) mtNsh ntw;wp ngWfpw Njhr; r; pia klL; Nk gpujpgypff; pwJ. mJ mthf; sJ elji; jiag; gpujpgypff; pwJ. eyy; kjpgn; gzf; NshL edd; lji; jAk; edn; dwpfn; fhsi; ffSk; Nrhe; j; hyj; hd; mJ cqf; isgN; ghd;W khzthf; s; nghWgg; hd Fbkff; shf tsht; ij gpujpgypgg; jhFk; ,gg; b gbgN; ghL xOff; Kk; Nrhe; j; hy; mth; thot; py; caht; hh; gpwuhy; kjpff; gg; Lthh; vdg; Nj ekJ Iah fyhkpd; fUjJ; . njhiyNehfF; fyt; p Foei; jfSfF; ek; ehlb; d; njhiyNehfF; Fwpjj; fyt; p mspff; NtzL; k; vdg; jpy; vdfF; k; cldg; hL czL; . ,ij Mrphpahf; Sk; jiyi Mrphpahf; Sk; etdP khf GJikahf fUjj; hoKk; fthr; r; pAk; kpff; tpjjj; pNy khzthf; is fthe; j; pOgg; ijg; Nghy nraa; ,aYk.; rkgP jj; pNy ehd; fzl; GJik xdi; w ,qN; f epidT $w tpUkG; fpNwd.; xU nghpa Mqf; py ehspjo; epWtdk; nray; %yk; fyt; p (PACE) vdD; k; fyt; pjj; pll; ji; j jhk; eljj; ptUk; fyt; pf$; lqf; spNy eilKiwfF; f; nfhzL; teJ; ss; J. mjdg; b Foei; jfSfF; g; Nghjpff; Ntzb; a xtn; thU ehSfF; khd ghljj; pll; j;pd; mdi; wa jpdrhpfspy; fhzgg; Lfpdw; nraj; pfspd; mbgg; ilapy; jhP ;khdpjJ; f; nfhsf; pwhhf; s.; ,tt; hwhff; fzpjk>; tpQQ; hdk>; tuyhW> Gtpapay; kwW; k; gyN; tW nkhopfisg; 17 | P a g e
gw;wp mwpaTk; . mdi; wa nraj; pfspd; mbgg; ilapNy gapw;Wtpff; gg; LfpwJ. ,JNghdw; fyt; pjj; pll; k; xU eyy; Jizf; fyt; pahFk; thag; G; ss; J ,jd; %yk; khzthf; spd; rKjhar; rpej; idfisAk; ehlb; d; tshr; r; pf; Fwpjj; mthf; sJ Mht; ji; jAk; gqf; hw;wiyAk; jpwkg; l CfF; tpff; KbAk.; NkYk; gss; pfs; gUt ,jof; isAk; khj ,jof; isAk; ntspfn; fhzht; jd; %yk; ehlb; d; Kff; paf; njhiyNehfF; kwW; k; mJ rhhg; hd rpwpJk; nghpJkhd gy jpll; qf; spd; nrayg; hLfs; Fwpj;Jk; khzthf; spd; mwpitAk; jpwji; jAk; Mht; ji; jAk; J}zb; tpl KbAk.; fyt; p epiyaqf; s; ehd; rkgP jj; py; ghld; hTfF; nrd;wpUeN; jd; mqN; f ,ku; hj; ,- \\hhpah mwfl; l; isapd; kUjJ; tkid cjtp gzpahshf; spd; gapwr; pf; fy;Y}hp xdi; wj; njhlqf; p itjN; jd; mej; mwff; ll; is kUjJ; tf; fyY; }hpfs; clg; l gy fyt; p epiyaqf; isg; gfP hh>; xhp]]; h kw;Wk; kjj; pagpuNjrk; Mfpa khepyqf; spy; ele;J tUfpwJ.,jpy; Vuhskhd fyt; p epiyaqf; s; ngzfSff; hdit. mNjNghy gy fpwp];Jt gpurr; hu mikgG; fs; ghujaP tpja; hgtd; kw;Wk; gy kdpjFyey epWtdqf; s; clg; l gy fyt; p epiyaqf; is Vwg; Ljj; pAss; dh.; ,ej; f; fyt; p epiyaqf; s; vyy; htww; pYk; ngzf; SfF; 18 | P a g e
ewf; yt; p mspff; gg; lL; tUfpwJ. mNjhL ek; ehlb; d; 86tJ murpayikgG; rhP j; pUjj; r; kNrhjhTfF; mqf; fP huKk; xgG; jYk; mspff; gg; lL; 6 Kjy; 14 taJ tiuapyhd Foei; jfSfF; f; fyt; pawpT xU mbgg; il chpikahff; gg; lL; ss; J. vdNt mbgg; ilf; fll; ikgG; trjpfis Nkkg; Ljj; p eyy; jukhd Mrphpahf; is epakpgg; jd; %yk; etdP njhopy; Elg; jN; jhL $ba jukhd fyt; p cqf; s; vyN; yhUfF; k; fpilfF; k.; eyy; Mrphpah; Mrphpahf; SfF; kpfgn; gUk; nghWgG; css; J. xU Gfon; gww; fpNuff; Mrphpah; vej; nthU Foei; jiaAk; vdd; plk; VohzL; tplL; itAqf; s; mjd; gpwF vej; rhjj; hDk; Vd; flTSk; $l mtid mtdJ Fzeydf; is khw;w KbahJ vdW; nrhdd; huhk.; MfNt Foei; jfSfF; r; nrhyy; pfn; fhLgg; J Foei; jfSfF; mwpntdD; k; nghpa typikiaf; nfhLgg; jhFk.; MrphpahF; sF; g; nghJthf ,uzL; nghWgG; fs; czL; . xdW; Foei; jfSfF; eyy; wpT GflL; tJ kwn; whd;W Foei; jfSfF; xU eyy; KdD; jhuzkhfj; jpfot; J. xU Mrphpahpd; Nkyhd edd; lji; jNa mth; ,jj; ifa KdN; dhbahfj; jpfot; jwf; hd mbgg; il. MfNt vth; xUth; mwpthhe; j; Fbkff; is cUthfF; fpwhNuh mtNu czi; kahd eyy; hrhd; vdd; pwhh; Kdd; hs; Nguhrphpah; mgJ; yf; yhk; mthf; s.; 19 | P a g e
ngwN; whh; flik ehd; Mrphpahf; isAk; ngwN; whhf; isAk; rej; pfF; k; Nghnjyy; hk; mthf; sJ Foei; jfs; gdd; puzl; hk; tFgG; fF; g; gpwF jhqf; s; gbff; tpUkG; tijj; Njh;en; jLfF; k; chpikia Rjej; puji; j mspff; Ntzb; ajpd; mtrpaji; j mbfN; fhblL; twG; Wjj; p tUfpNwd.; ,J Foei; jfspd; tshr; r; pfF; g; ngwN; whhpd; xU jiyaha mUkg; zpahFk; . mNj rkak; Foei; jfSk; jkJ Mdk; htpd; Fuiyr; rhptuf; NflL; j; jff; KbntLfF; k; nghWgG; css; J. mthf; s; jkJ ezg; hf; Sk; > rfhff; Sk; $wp tpll; hhf; s; vdg; jwf; hf mtrugg; lL; KbntLff; hky; Njhe; n; jLff; Ntzb; a gbgG; jJ; iw gww; p jkJ czi; kahd Mht; ji; jAk; jkJ jpwji; jAk; rhptu vilNghlL; xgg; plL; f; rhpahd KbntLff; NtzL; k; vdNt rhpahd gbgi; g NjhT; nraJ; gbjj; hy; thoi; t cahj; j; KbAk.; jpwikiaf; fzl; wpjy; njhiyff; yt; p kwW; k; kpdd; Zf; fyt; p trjpfs; %yk; fpuhkgG; wqf; spYk; jukhd fyt; p trjpfis vLj;Jrn; ryy; ehqf; s; Kawr; pj;J tUfpNwhk.; fpuhkgG; w kff; Sk>; ehlb; d; tshr; r; papy; jkfF; hpa gqi; fr; rhptu Mww; ,J mtrpak.; NkYk; vyy; h kdpjUsF; sS; k; VNjDk; rpy gy jpwikfNsDk; xspej; pUff; pwJ. ,jj; pwikfis milahsk; fzL; CfF; tpjJ; mij kyurn; raJ; ,ej; rKjhajj; pwF; g; gadg; Lk; mUkn; ghff; p\\khff; NtzL; k.; ,jd%; yk; ek;ehlb; wF; k; msgg; hpa edi; kfs; tpisAkz; p. 20 | P a g e
Vioapd; fyt; pfF; cjTqf; s; khzthf; s; mikjpapd; J}Jthf; shf mUkg; qf; hww; yhk.; eqP f; s; cqf; isgN; ghd;w kw;w Foei; jfs; fLikahfTk>; nfhLikfahfTk>; mQQ; hdjN; jhLk; eljj; g; gLtijj; jLff; yhk.; cqf; sJ ngwN; whhf; SfF; trjpAk; kdKk; ,Uej; hy; eqP f; s; VNjDk; xU Vio khztd; ewf; yt; p fwf; cjtyhk.; NkYk; Foei; jfs; ehlfqf; s; ebgg; jd; %yk; jtP puthjk; vgg; br; rKjhajj; pwF; klL; kpdw; p jtP puthjpfspd; FLkg; jj; pwN; f NfL tpistpff; pwJ vd;w czi; kia midtUk; czUk; tzz; k; nraa; yhk.; ghljj; pll; qf; spy; khWjy?; fyt; p epiyaqf; spd; mbgg; ilf; eyy; hrphpahf; is epakpjJ; j; jff; gb gss; pf$; lqf; is eljJ; tjwF; k; ,di; wfF; ekk; pilNa mtruj; Njit css; J. ,ej; trjpfNshL etP pd njhopy; Elg; trjpfshd njhiyff; yt; p> ,. fyt; p ( vyfl; u; hdpf]; ; fyt; p) trjpfSk; Vwg; hL nraa; gg; lNtzL; k.; mtt; hW nraA; kN; ghJ Foei; jfSff; hd ghljj; pll; qf; is kWghpryP id nraJ; mthf; sJ Rikiaf; Fiwj;J Mff; gG; +ht; khd fwg; id jpwjN; jhL $ba mthf; sJ gilgG; jj; pwid nraj; y; NtzL; k.; gpurr; idfF; fyqf; hNj gss; pf$; ljj; py; edw; hfg; gbjJ; eyy; kjpg; ngzf; NshL Njhr; r; p ngww; hy; Nkwf; yt; pfn; fd cjtpj; njhiffs; fpilfF; k.; NkYk; tqf; pfspy; flDjtp ngWtjwf; hd jFjpfSk; Vwg; Lk.; 21 | P a g e
,eN; eujj; py; ehd; kwn; whdi; wAk; nrhyy; pf; nfhss; tpUkG; fpNwd.; xUtd; vej; jJ; iwapy; xh; ,yfi; f mila Kawr; r; pjj; hYk; topapy; Mqf; hqN; f gygy jilfs; Vwg; lyhk.; Mdhy; ehk; fLikahf ciojJ; ,iltplhJ KadW; topapy; tej; gpurr; idff; SfF; g; gpurr; id Vwg; Ljj; p thot; pNy ntww; pila NtzL; k.; FU rlP d; Nghy gzi; la ekJ fyt; pKiw zpFUFy thrk; mbgg; ilapyhdJ. mej; f; fyt; pKiw r%f thot; ptpaypd; cdd; j rpjj; hej; qf; isAk; vspa > Mdhy; kpf caht; hd kjpff; j; jff; nfhsf; iffisAk; mbgg; ilahff; nfhzl; J. mqF; FU rlP d; MfpNahhpilNaahd cwT MokhdJ GdpjdkhdJ jwN; ghija etdP fhyf; fyt; pKiwapYk; FUTfF; k; khzhff; DfF; k; ,ilNa ,jj; ifa Mokhd gpizgi; g Vwg; Ljj; NtzL; k.; mNjNghy khzthpd; kdji; jAk; rpei; jiaAk; Nkdi; kkpF cahj; ukhff; r; rpwgG; Kawr; pfSk; mjwn; fd fhy mtfhrKk; jwf; hyjj; py; fyt; pKiwapy; xJff; gg; l NtzL; k.; ,lUfF; ,lh; nfhLqf; s; khzthf; shfpa eqP f; s; Kjypy; cqf; Sfn; fd cqf; s; thot; pwn; fd xU ,ylr; paji; jj; NjhT; nraJ; nfhsS; qf; s; mjpy; kdqF; tpjJ; mjwn; fd ,iltplhJ cioAqf; s; vjphg; Lk; ,ilQr; yf; shy; ,lhg; lhJ ,lUfF; ,lhn; fhLj;J ntw;wp fhZqf; s; ,twN; whL khzthf; Sfn; fd eyy; cahpa edd; lji; jAk; cahpa ,ayg; hd goff; toff; qf; Sk; mtrpak.; 22 | P a g e
Vior; rpwhhf; SfF; f; fyt; p NghjpAqf; s; khztrn; ryt; qf; s; cqf; s; xtn; thUtUfF; k; eqP f; Ns xU njhopy; Kidtuhf MfNtzL; k; vdw; ce;Jjy; ,Uff; NtzL; k.; ,J jtpu tpLKiw ehlf; spy; khzthf; shfpa eqP f; s; tWikapy; codW; thag; G; trjpfs; Fiwthf JaUWk; Vior; rpwhhf; SfF; ewf; yt; p NghjpjJ; mthf; SfF; thot; pNy xU ,ylr; paji; j gpbgi; gAkl; cUthff; yhk.; mNjhL kuff; d;Wfis elL; tshj; ;J guhkhpj;J mofpa kukhfF; qf; s; mjdhy; ,awi; f eyKk; Rw;WrR; oy; tsKk>; kdpj tsKk; Ngzgn; gWk.; ,tt; hwhd; nrayf; nsyy; hk; eke; hli; l tshr; r; pfF; k; tsjJ; fF; k; ,lL; rn; ry;Yk; vdg; jpy; Iakpyi; y. etdP njhopy; Elg; k; ehk; Fiwej; nrytpNy gbff; Kbfpw ek;ehlL; murhqf; fyt; p epWtdqf; spy; fyt; papd; juji; j cahj; j; NtzL; k.; fyt; papd; juji; j cahj; j; ekfF; etdP j; njhopy; Elg; k; Njit. jukhd Mrphpahf; Sk; Njitgg; Lfpdw; dh; . ,J xU eyy; KjyLP Nghdw; Nj ,ij murhqf; gln; [lb; y; rkhspff; NtzL; k.; jtpu cah;epiyfspy; fyt; p fwF; k; khzthf; s; njhlff; kwW; k; eLepiygg; ss; pfspy; gbfF; k; khzthf; SfF; ,ytrkhfg; ghlk; nrhyy; pf; nfhLff; yhk.; ,J rKjha KdN; dw;wj;JfF; cjTfpw xU Gdpjkhd NritahFk.; vdJ Mrphpah; gzp ehd; vgN; ghOJNk xU Mrphpauhf ,Ugg; ijNa nghpJk; tpUkG; fpNwd.; Vnddpy; mgg; zpapy; mwpeJ; nfhss; Mht; k; nghqF; k; cwr; hfkhd ,s css; qf; Sld; mstshTfpw ,dg; k; fpilff; pwJ. 23 | P a g e
,ej; f; fyeJ; iuahlyhy; Mrphpah; khzth; ,UtUfF; Nk ewg; ad; tpisfpwJ. rpy rkaqf; spy; rpej; pgg; jpy; klL; kpd;wp vyy; h tpjqf; spYk; khzthf; s; Mrpahf; isNa J}ff; pr; rhgg; plL; tpLfpw tpjjj; py; ele;J nfhst; ij vd; Mrphpag; gzpapy; ehd; fzb; Uff; pNwd; . ,itnayy; hk; vdfF; xU Mrphpadpd; gzp NtnwhU gzpia tplTk; mjpf jpUgj; p mspgg; jhf Njhd;WfpwJ vdW; ekJ Mrphpah; gzpapd; rpwgG; fis epidT $Wfpwhh.; rhjpff; KbAk; Mapuff; zff; hd nghwpahshf; SlDk; rf Copahf; SlDk; ehd; gy fhyk; gzpahww; pajpy; ,uzL; tp\\aqf; is czh;eN; jd.; xdW; vej; nthU rhjhuz FbkfDfF; k; rhpahd rej; hg; qf; Sk; thag; G; k; fpiljj; hy; mtUk; ek; jhae; hlb; wF; mUen; jhzl; hw;w KbAk.; rhpahd fyt; pawpT ,yy; hjthf; s; $l fLikahd ciogg; hYk>; ,awi; faha; mikeJ; ss; ajhhj; j; hYk; mwpthYk; thot; pd; ntww; pr; rpfuqf; is ntd;wila ,aYk.; ehd; nrhyy; tpioej; kwn; whU nraj; p kdpjhpd; kdk; kfjj; hd Mw;wy; nghUej; pa mwG; jff; Utp rhpahd rthyf; isfn; fhzL; mijj; J}zb; tpll; hy; vjj; ifa rpff; yf; isAk; jhzb; fn; ryY; k; mwG; jkha; mJ ghpzkpfF; k.; vdD; ila ,ej; mDgtqf; is ehd; rf ,ej; pahf; Sld; gfphe; J; nfhss; tpioeN; jd; mjd; tpisNt mff; pdpr; rpw Ffs; vd;W ekJ thof; i; f tuyhW E}y; vOJtjwn; fd rhpahd fhuzk; vdW; nrhyf; pwhh.; eli; g tshg; N; ghk; ekJ goikahd ehfhpfjj; pd; Nthf; s; ekJ ,ej; paf fpuhkqf; spNy thof; pw 700 Nfhb kff; spd; thof; i; fapy; ,uzl; uf; fye;Jss; $lL; fF; Lkg; Kiwfspy; CLUtp css; J. ekJ FLkg; qf; spy; nfhsS; jj; hjj; h>nfhsS; gg; hlb; Kjy; ngwN; whh; tiu gy 24 | P a g e
jiyKiwapdh; xU FLkg; jj; pd; czhT; G+ht; khd mhj; j; Kss; gqf; hf thof; pdw; dh.; mNjhL fpuhkqf; spy; gyN; tW kjjj; pdUk; rkajt; Uk; RKfkhd mofpa elG; wNthL xUtUfn; fhUth; gu]g; uk; cjtpfn; fhzL; mdG; k; gzG; khf xUnthUfn; fhUth; MjuNthL thoe; ;JtUfpw mofpa fhlr; p eyTtijAk; fhzf; pNwhk.; gy E}ypiofs; xUNrug; gqn; fLj;J tbjj; cgNahfkhd JzpNghd;w ,ej; mofpa kd xw;Wikf; fhlr; pia ehk; tpUkg; pdhy; MjhpjJ; >CfF; tpj;J NkYk; tphpTgLjj; yhk; .,jwn; fdg; gss; pf$; lqf; spy; Fiwej; glr; k; thueN; jhWk; xUkzpNeuk; edd; lji; j Fwpjj; tFgG; fis kjpff; jj; ff; rKjhar; rpej; idahshf; s>; tpQQ; hdpfs; kw;Wk; Mdk; pfr; nrkk; yf; shfpa kjjj; iythf; isf; nfhzL; eljj; yhk.; ,ej; tFgG; fs; gs; ]; 2 tiu ebP ff; NtzL; k; fyt; pf; $lqf; spy; ,JNghyg; gapd;W ntsptUk; kff; s; > edd; lji; jf; nfhzL; rKjhajj; pd; J}zf; shf ,UeJ; mijg; guhkhpj;J CfF; tpgg; h.; Nfst; pQhdk; tpQQ; hdk; gpwej; J tshe; j; J thot; J Rthrpgg; J vyy; hNk kdpjhpd; Nfst; p NflF; k; jpwjj; hyj; hd.; mwptpaypd; mbgg; ilNa Nfst; p Nflf; pw kdgg; hdi; kjhd.; ngwN; whhf; Sk; Mrphpag; ngUkff; Sk; Foei; jfspd; Nfst; pfSfF; xU KbNt ,yi; y vdg; ij ed;whf czh;ej; thf; s; . vdNt Foei; jfsj; hd; ,tT; yfpd; Kjy; tpQQ; hdpfs; vd;W Nfst; p Qhdjj; pd; mUikia nrhyf; pwhh.; khkdpjdhfF; k; mwpT edF; fw;why; gilgg; hww; y; tUk; gilgg; hw;wy; ewr; pej; idfF; top tFfF; k.; ewr; pej; id mwpit tshf; F; k; 25 | P a g e
mwpT cdi; d khkdpjdhfF; k; vyy; hNeuKk; eyy; it fyt; pawpT gutyhf tsutsu %lekg; pfi; ffs; Fiwe;JnfhzN; l tUfpdw; d. fhyk; Neuk; vdg; njyy; hk; G+kp jd; mrr; py; RodW; #hpaidAk; Rw;wptUtijfn; fhzN; l fzpff; gg; LfpwJ vdg; J njhpej; Nj. ,jj; ifa ehspy; vyy; h epkplj;JspfSNk eyy; Neukj; hd; vd;W fyt; pngw;wth; %l ekg; pfi; fia tplL; tpyfp ,Uff; NtzL; k; vdf; pwhh.; khzthf; s; vyN; yhUfF; k; nghJ kdpjFyk; fzl; ekJ kjqf; s; xtn; thdW; k; xU mofpa jiP tg; Nghd;wit ,ej; kjqf; s; midjJ; fF; k; Md;kpf czhN; t mbgg; il kjqf; s; ,ej; Mdk; pf czht; hy; kyUkN; ghJ ekK; s; CLUtp epwF; k; xUikia midtUk; czuyhk; khzthf; shfpa eqP f; s.; khzthf; shfpa ehd; vej; nthU kjk>; ,dk>; [hjp >nkhop mbgg; ilapyhd ghFghli; lAk; >Ngjji; jAk; Mjhpff; khlN; ld; vdw; cWjpnkhopia vLj;Jfn; fhzL; mjdg; b elff; yhk; ,ej; cWjpnkhopia cqf; s; ezg; hf; SfF; k; nrhy;Yqf; s; ,gg; b ,Uej; hy; ehlb; y; ey; mikjp epyTk>; ehLk; rpwfF; k.; tpQQ; hdpfSk; nkqQ; hdpfSk; mwptpay>; czi; kia J}zb; j;JUtp Njbf; fzL; gpbjJ; kdpj thoi; t tsgg; Lj;JfpwJ. 26 | P a g e
kjqf; s; ghpzhk tshr; r; p ngWkN; ghJ mit mofpa Mdk; pf kyhf; shf kyhf; pd;wd. kjgg; purr; huqf; s; mej; ,iwtdpd; ngauhy; kdpj kdqf; SfF; mikjpiaf; nfhzL; tu Kayf; pwhhf; s.; RUff; khfr; nrhyy; gN; ghdhy; tpQQ; hdpfSk; kjj; jiythf; s; Mfpa ,Uthpd; gzpAk; xdN; w mjhtJ xU ehzajj; pd; ,Ugff; qf; isg; Nghy ,UtUNk kdpj ,djj; pd; kd cly; eyji; j Ngzp tshf; f; Kayf; pwhhf; s; mjpNy kfpon; taJ; fpwhhf; s.; vd; ,dpa khztr; nryt; qf; Ns rpy khjqf; SfF; KdG; ehd; tlfpofF; ,ej; pa gFjpahd ehfyheJ; fF; r; nrd;wpUeN; jd.; ^adr; hq; ( Tuen Sang ) vdw; rpWefhpy; Foei; jfisr; rej; pff; Vwg; hL nraj; pUej; hhf; s; ,kakiyj; njhlhpd; mbthuf; FdW; fs; #oej; mofhd rpWefh; kiyapy; G+jj; FwpQr; pg; G+ff; sN; ghy rpWth; FO vjphg; hhg; G; k; Mht; Kkhf vdi; dr; Rww; p mkhe; j; pUff; pwhhf; s.; xU rpWtd; vOej; hd; vdi; d Nehff; p mwpT ckpOk; Kfj;Jld; njspthd Mqf; pyjj; py; Ngrj; njhlqf; pdhd.; mej; kiyabthunkdd; .. mej; Mqf; pynkdd; ! ,iwAzhT; kyhe; j; mej; nehbapy; vdi; dg; ghhj; J; mtd; Nfll; hd.; zpjpUthsh; FbauR jiyth; mthf; Ns… ehndhU tskhd mikjpAk>; kfpor; r; pAk; epyTk; ghJfhgg; hd ,ej; pahtpy; tho tpUkG; fpNwd.; mjwF; eqP f; s; vdd; nraa; ,Uff; pwhP f; s?; ehnddd; nraa; NtzL; k?; Mwhk; tFgG; gbj;Jf; nfhzb; Uej; hd; mej; khztd; Rww; papUej; vyy; h Foei; jfSk; mej; r; rpWtid Nehff; p mtd; Nfst; pia cst; hqf; p vdi; d Nehff; pdh; vd; gjpiy vjphg; hhj; j; dh.; 27 | P a g e
mej; r; rpWtd; ehd; vdd; nraa; NtzL; k; vd;W Nfst; papy; ,isa rKjhajj; pd; nghWgG; zhr; r; p kpspht; ijf; fzN; ld; ,isa rKjhak; KdN; dwj; Jbff; pwJ. ehd; nrhdN; dd; zp ,ej; j; jUzjj; py; eP nraa; Ntzb; aJ edw; hfg; gbgg; Jjhd; xaT; Neujj; py; vOjg; gbff; j; njhpahj ,uzL; NgUfF; mijr; nrhyy; pf; nfhL. ,tt; hW eqP f; s; vyN; yhUk; nraj; hy; Nfhbff; zff; hd kff; s; fyt; pawpT ngw thag; G; ss; J.mijj; jtpu eP gdd; puzl; hk; tFgG; jhzL; tjwF; s; Ie;J kuf; fdW; fis elL; tsh.; ,ej; pahtpy; VwfF; iwa 10 Nfhb kff; s; gjpNdO taJfF; lg; ll; thf; s; eqP f; s; ,tt; hW kuk; ell; hy; VwfF; iwa 100 Nfhb kuqf; s; tsu thag; G; ss; J Mwhk; tFgG; gbj;Jf; nfhzb; UfF; k; eP nraa; Ntzb; aJ ,Jjhd; vdN; wd.; ,ijgN; ghy kw;w ,ej; pahf; SfF; nttN; tW flikfs; ,Uff; pd;wd. ,ej; pah fp.gp 2020 fspy; tshe; j; ehlhf Mf NtzL; k; vdw; hy; ehk; Kff; pakhf IeJ; Jiwfspy; ftdji; jr; nrYjj; NtzL; k.; mit. 1. tptrhak; kwW; k; czT nghUs; gjgg; Lj;Jjy; Jiw. 2. J}ukhd kpd; rfj; p trjp. 3. fyt; p kw;Wk; Rfhjhuk.; 4. njhiynjhlhG; kwW; k jfty; njhopy; Elg; k; . 5. jdd; piwT fhZk; tpjjj; py; ehlb; d; ghJfhgG; j; Jiw tpsqf; NtzL; k.; vd;W mbgg; il m]j; pthuji; j mthf; SfF; vLjJ; iujN; jd; vd; vzz; jj; py; eqP f; hj Xtpakhf epiyngww; J mej; j; jUzk.; 28 | P a g e
ekfF; k; ehlL; fF; k; ,yfF; Njit xtn; thU ehSk; ehd; ,isa rKjhaji; jr; rej; pgg; J njhlhe; J; nfhzb; Uff; pwJ. [dhjpgjp khspifapYk; rhp gpw khepyqf; SfF; r; RwW; gg; azk; Nkwn; fhsS; k; NghJk; rhp vyy; h ,lqf; spYk; ehd; xU fUji; j vgN; ghJk; typAWjj; p teN; jd.; zp ehlL; fF; xU ,yfF; ,Uff; Ntzb; aJ Nghy xtn; thU ,isQUfF; k; xh; ,yfF; ,Uff; NtzL; k.; ,yfi; f mila ciogG; ,Uff; NtzL; k.; jdp kuk; Njhgg; hfhJ. gy cahe; j; FwpfN; fhsf; s; xh; cahpa ehli; l tshej; ehli; l cUthfF; k.; NrhjidfisAk; Njhyt; pfisAk; fzL; jsuhJ ,yfi; f gpd; njhlUk; kdcWjp ,Uff; NtzL; k.; ,Lki; gfF; ,Lki; g gLgg; h; ,Lki; gfF; ,Lki; g glh mwpah; vd;W typAWjj; p tUfpNwd.; mijg; Nghy ehd; khzthf; splk; ciuahLk; thag; G; xd;W fpiljj; J mU xhp]]; htpy; ghpglh vdf; pw ,lk.; gjj; hk; tFgG; gbfF; k; xU khztd; nrhdd; hd.; jhndhU ,d;[pdpah; Mf tpUkG; fpNwd; vd;W gs; ]; ^ gbfF; k; xU khztd; nrhdd; hd.; . jhndhU lhfl; uhf tpUkG; tjhf Vohk; tFgG; gbfF; k; xU khztd; nrhdd; hd; jhndhU tff; yP hf tpUkG; tjhf. murpayt; hjpahf tpUgg; k; mgN; ghJ vd; fzz; pyg; ll; hs; xU rpWkp Rlh; tpLk; mwpTk; fzf; spy; xU jhP f; f; Kkhf epd;wpUej; hs; mts; vll; hk; tFgG; gbjJ; f; nfhzb; Ugg; ts; mtisf; NflN; ld; eP vdd; thf tpUkG; fpwha?; JspAk; jpifff; hJ kzp rpjwpaJNghy ciujj; hs.; ehd; tshe; ;J xU murpayt; hjpahf tpUkG; fpNwd.; clNd mej; r; rpWkpAld; mkh;ej; pUe;J vyy; h khzt>khztpaUk; nfhyn; ydW; rphpjj; hhf; s; vdD; ld; mkhe; j; pUej; 29 | P a g e
fthd; h; uhN[ej; pud; Kjyikrr; h; gle; haf; kwW; k; caujpfhhpfs; vyN; yhUk; rphpjj; hhf; s; Mdhy; mej; r; rpWkp rphpff; tpyi; y. ehd; nrhdN; dd; mUikahd gjpy; .mts; Kfk; rwW; rptej; Nj xopa .mts; KdN; ghyNt jhP f; f; khf epdw; pUej; hs; ehd; NflN; ld; Vd;? vjdhy; enP ahU murpayt; hjpahf tpUkG; fpwha;? mej; r; rpWkp $Wfpwhs; . ehd; murpaypy; ,Ue;J Coiy xopjJ; f; fll; NtzL; k; ,ej; ehlL; fF; Coypy; ,UeJ; tpLjiy nfhLff; NtzL; k.; Mqf; pyjj; py; nrhyt; hhf; s; hands on approach vd;W jhP f; f; khd njspthd gjpy; gRkujj; hzpNghy; vd; neQi; rj; Jisjj; J. Kbthd ghij njhpahjNghJ mbthdpy; ,Us; eqP F; kh vdn; whU ftpQd; ghbdhd; ehd; mqF; tpbntss; pia fzK; d; fzN; ld; thopa ghujk; thof; ,ee; dd; hL. rkgP jj; py; ehd; ngqf; @h; nrd;wpUeN; jd; ,]f; hd; Nfhapypy; mlr; ag; ghjj; puk; vdn; whU epfor; r; p fyt; pg; gzpapy; fUjn; jhd;wpr; nrhyy; gss; pg; gpsi; sfSfF; czz; cztspfF; k; cdd; j epfor; r; p mqF; mlr; ag; ghjj; puji; j mss; mss; f; Fiwah mdd; kpLk; ghjj; pukhf cUtfpjj; pUej; hhf; s.; mgN; ghJ vd; kdjpy; ,lqn; fhzl; tsS; th; rpei; japy; mshtpdhh.; njhll; idj;J}Wk; kdwN; fzp Fws; epoyhbaJ. xU fUjN; jhtpak; fzz; py; njhpej; J. gss; pg; gpsi; sfSfF; kjpa czT xU rpy khepyqf; spy; klL; kpdw; p ehL KOtJk; mky; gLjj; g; gl NtzL; k; vdg; J vd; tpUgg; k.; mej; j; jUzjj; py; ,isa rKjhak; mdd; g; ghjj; puKk; tpja; h ghjj; puKk; xUqf; pizej; mlr; ag; ghjj; pukhf NtzL; k.; vd;w vzz; Kk; vdd; py; tYgg; ll; J. 30 | P a g e
ehd; mijr; nrhdN; dd; fp.gp 2020fspy; eqP f; s; ,ej; pahit cqf; s; MSikahy; tpahgpff; g; NghfwhP f; s; . edw; hf thOqf; s; edw; hf xbahb tpisahLqf; s; MNuhff; pakhd cztUeJ; qf; s.; Mdhy; Xjhky; xU ehSk; ,Uff; Ntzl; hk; Xahky; fwW; fn; fhzN; l ,Uqf; s; ,ej; mlr; agg; hjj; puk; cqf; SfF; mdd; Kk; tpji; jAk; xUqf; pizeJ; caht; spfF; k; mwG; jg; ghjj; pukhflL; k; vdN; wd.; thof; ,isa rKjhak; thof; ghujehL. khzt kzpfNs czi; kiag; NgRqf; s; Mapuk; MzL; fSfF; KdG; rpwej; Jwtpahd N\\f; mg;Jy; fhjh; my; [pyhdp thof; i; fapy; epfoe; j; fijia jwN; ghJ ehd; cqf; SfF; r; nrhyy; tpUkG; fpNwd; xU ehs; rpWtd; mg;Jy; fhjh; jdJ tlP L; f; $iuapd; Nky; Vwpfn; fhzl; hd.; mqf; pUe;J ghhf; i; fapy; Vuhskhd kff; s; mugpkiyf; FdW; fspy; ,UeJ; jpUkg; p teJ; nfhzb; Ugg; J njhpej; J mthf; s; mej; ,ljj; py; ,Ue;J Mapuff; zff; hd iky; mgg; hy; ,UfF; k; nkff; hTfF; `[; gazkhd nrdW; jpUkg; p tUfpwhhf; s.; Fogg; kilej; mg;Jy; fhjh; jd;J mdi; daplk; nrd;W mwpTjj; pwid tshj; ;Jf; nfhst; jwf; hf ghfj; hj; nryy; mDkjp 31 | P a g e
Nfll; hd; Gdpj miogi; g mej; j; jha; Ghpe;J nfhzl; hh.; fhjh; clNd ghfj; hj; nryy; mDkjpjj; hh; jdJ jei; japlkpUe;J mtd; gqf; hf ngwg; NghFk; ehwg; J jqf; ehzaqf; isAk; jha; mrr; pWtdplk; mspjj; hh.; kfNd czi; kia NgR mtid top mDgG; tjwf; hf fjT mUNf tej; jha; zp vdjUik kfNd ! eP Nghfpwha; ,Wjpj; jhP g; G; tUk; ehs; tiu ehd; cdi; dg; ghhf; f; Nghtjpyi; y vd;whYk; myy; hTff; hf cdd; plkpUe;J vdi; dg; gphpjJ; fn; fhzN; ld.; Mdhy; vdd; plkpUeJ; xU mwpTiuia eP vLj;Jr; nryy; NtzL; k; vd; kfNd . eP vgn; ghOJk; czi; kia czuNtzL; k; czi; kia Ngr NtzL; k.; cdJ thof; i; fg; gazjj; py; vjphg; huhj tifapy; Jdg; k; Nehpll; hYk; czi; kia gugg; NtzL; k; vd;W $wpdhh.; mgJ; y; fhjUk; kw;wthf; Sk; rpwpa tzb; fspy; FOthf ghfj; hji; j Nehff; p gazpjj; dh.; tzb; fs; fbdkhd epygg; ugi; g fleJ; nry;YkN; ghJ Fjpiufspy; jpBnud tej; nfhsi; sah; $ll; nkhd;W mthf; isj; jhff; p nghUsf; is nfhsi; s mbjj; J. ahUk; mr; rpWtid nghUlg; Ljj; tpyi; y nfhsi; sahf; spy; xUtd; mg;Jy; fhjiu ftdpjJ; > Va; rpWtNd ghtk; eP cdd; plk; VjhtJ ,Uff; pwjh? vdW; Nfll; hd; mgJ; y; fhjh; > Mkhk; vd; jhahh; 40 nghwf; hRfs; vd; rli; lapd; cs; gFjpapy; ijjJ; itj;Jss; hh; vdW; gjpy; mspjj; hd.; mij Nfll; nfhsi; sad; > eifrR; itff; hf mtd; mgg; b nrhyt; jhf vzz; pg; Gdd; ifjj; hd.; mtid xd;Wk; nraa; hky; tplL; tplL; r; nrdw; hd.; nfhsi; sah; jiytd; mqF; tej; NghJ ,ej; g; igaid mtdplk; nfhzL; nrd;wdh.; ,ej; g; igad; nrhyf; pwhd; ,tdplk; 40 nghwf; hRfs; css; dthk.; 32 | P a g e
gazpfs; midtiuAk; nfhsi; sabj;J tplN; lhk; Mdhy; ,tidj; njhlf$; l ,yi; y . ,tdplk; nghwf; hRfs; css; ij ahuhtJ ekG; thhf; sh? vdW; xU nfhsi; sad; nrhdd; hd.; Vd; ,ej; czi; kiar; nrhdd; ha; nfhsi; sah; jiytd; kzP L; k; mgJ; y; fhjiug; ghhj; ;J Nflf; mtd; mNj gjpiyr; nrhdd; hd; jiytd; mtid mUfpy; miojJ; rli; lia Muha rpWtd; nrhdd; ijg; Nghy nghwf; hRfs; rli; lapd; csg; Fjpapy; ijff; gg; lL; ,Uej; d. jpUlidj; jpUjj; pa czi; k mjphr; r; pailej; nfhsi; sah; jiytd.; vjdhy; ,ej; czi; kia nrhdd; ha;?vdW; mg;Jy; fhjiu tpdt> thof; i; fia ,ofF; k; #o;epiy tej; hYk; czi; kia klL; Nk Ngr NtzL; k; vdW; vd; jha; rjj; pak; thqf; pf; nfhzl; hh.; 40 nghwf; hRfsj; hNd NghflL; k; vd; jhahUfF; nfhLjj; thfi; f kPwkhlN; ld.; mtUfF; ekg; pfi; f JNuhfk; nraa; khlN; ld.; mjdhyj; hd; czi; kia $wpNdd; vd;W gjpy; mspjj; hd.; ,ijfN; fll; nfhsi; sah; tpk;kp tpk;kp mOjhd; cdJ jhahhpd; mwpTiufF; ,tt; sT kjpgg; spff; pwhNa! Mdhy; ehqf; Nsh vkJ ngwN; whUfF; k; > vki; k giljj; tUfF; k; JNuhfk; ,ioj;J tplN; lhk.; ,dW; Kjy; ejP hd; vkJ jiyth; vdW; nfhsi; sahf; s; $wpdh.; nfhsi; sabgg; ij md;W Kjy; tpln; lhope;J tho;ej; dh.; N\\f; mg;Jy; fhjh; my; [pyhdp vdw; xgg; ww; Jwtp gpwej; ij Ak; cyfk; fzl; J. xU jha; jdJ Foei; jfF; czi; kiag; gw;wp nrhdd; nraj; papy; Jwtp cUthdhh.; khzth; vgN; ghJk; czi; kia Ngr NtzL; k; . mjd; top elff; NtzL; k.; eqP f; s; nghpathf; shFk; NghJ ,ej; czi; kia 33 | P a g e
cqf; isf; fhgg; hwW; k; czi; k topelfF; k; ehL vspjpy; KdN; dWk; . cqf; s; midtUfF; k; vd; thoj; ;Jff; s.; yQr; ji; j vgg; b xopg;J? nghJ thot; py; yQr; ji; j xopff; NtzL; nkd;why; mjwf; hd Jbgg; hdnjhU ,aff; ji; j cUthff; NtzL; k; mJTk; ,ej; ,aff; k; Kjypy; mtuthf; spd; ,yy; qf; spNyAk; xtn; thUtUk; Mukg; fyt; p fwF; k; Jtff; g; gss; pf; $lqf; spNyAk; njhlqf; gg; lNtzL; k.; vdi; dg; nghWjj; tiuapy; jei; j jha; kwW; k; ,sk; css; qf; spy; tpijj; J tpll; hy; mej; f; Foei; jfs; tshe; ;J nghpathf; shd gpwFk; eyy; thf; shfNt ,Ugg; hhf; s; vdg; J jpzz; k.; vdNt nghJthot; py; Coiy xopff; ,J Nghd;w eyy; njhU ,aff; k; tLP fspNyAk; Mukg; g; gss; pf$; lqf; spNyAk; njhlqf; gg; lNtzL; k; vdf; pwhh; ekJ fyhk; Iah mthf; s.; Muhar; r; p fyt; p jukhd fyt; pfF; Muhar; r; p kpfTk; Kff; pak; Muhar; r; p fyt; papd; %yNk> xU ehlb; d; tshr; pfF; tpjj; pl KbAk; . vdNt fyt; p epWtdqf; Sk; Muhar; r; pfF; Kff; pajJ; tk; mspff; NtzL; k.; Mrphpahf; s; Xtn; thU khzt khztpaUfF; k; rpwgg; hd vzz; qf; isf; nfhzl; eyy; Muhar; r; pahshf; Ns Jizahf ,Ugg; hhf; s; . ,Uff; NtzL; k; vdW; k; tpiofpNwd.; ,ej; Mrphpag; ngUkff; spd; md;whlj; J}zL; jy; gpQR; css; qf; spy; NkdN; kYk; mwpthww; iyg; ngUff; pa tzz; k; ,UfF; k; vdW; cWjpahf ekG; fpNwd.; 34 | P a g e
Mrhd; xU khztd; rpwen; jhU khztdfhfj; jpfOk; ngUk; nghWgG; vLj;Jf; fw;Wjj; u Ntzb; ath; mej; khztdpd; MrhNd Mthh.; mtiu ehk; vdW; k; Nghw;w NtzL; k.; ylr; pak; mtrpak; khzthf; s; kwW; k; khztpfs; jqf; Sfn; fd;W xU ylr; paji; j tFjJ; f; nfhss; NtzL; k.; mej; ylr; paji; jr; Rw;wpr; Rw;wpNa mthf; spd; vzz; k; nrdW; nfhzb; Uff; NtzL; k.; ,ej; ylr; paji; j ntdW; mila mthf; s; jpll; kplL; cioff; NtzL; k; ntw;wp fpilfF; k; tiu xaf; $lhJ . vdw; cWjp mthf; spd; neQr; jj; py; epiyjj; pUff; NtzL; k.; mgN; ghJjhd; mthf; s; thof; i; fapy; Rlht; plL; g; gufhrpff; KbAk.; fyhk; vOjpa ftpijfs; vd; ehL ,ej; pahtpd; ,isa Fbkfd; njhopyE; lg; k; > mwpT mdG; ld; vd; ehlL; ff; hf gyKld; ,Uff; pNwd; rpdd; rpdd; ylr; pak; vyy; hk; Fw;wk; mij ehd; czhf; pNwd.; cahe; j; ylr; paji; j mila ehd; tpahi; t rpeJ; Ntd; cah;ej; ,yfF; vdg; J 35 | P a g e
,ej; pahit tyy; urhf khw;WtJ nghUshjhujj; py; kjpgg; py; cahj; ;JtJ Nfhbff; zff; hd ,ej; pahpy; ehDk; xUtd; vdD; s; GFej; J mej; ylr; pak; neQr; py; jgP g; ww; paJ mJ vyy; htwi; wAk; tplr; rfj; p tha;ej; J. ,ej; kzz; py; kzZ; fF; f; fPo; ghjhsjj; py; css; midjJ; r; rfj; pfis tpl Mjk; rfj; pfF; k; gyk; mjpfk; tshe; j; ,ej; pahitf; fhz vdD; s; vhpAk; mwpTj; jiP a mizahky; itjj; pUgN; gd; vd; mdi; d fly; miyfs; nghdk; zy; Gdpj ahjj; phpfhf; spd; ekg; pfi; f ,uhNk]t; uk; gss; pthry; njU ,itnayy; hk; xdW; fyej; cUtk; e.P vd; mdi; dNa! Rthf; j; j; pd; MjuTf; fuqf; shy; vdfF; eP thaj; j; ha; 36 | P a g e
Nghhf; f; hy ehlf; s; vd; epidtpwF; tUfpdw; d thof; i; f xU miw $tyha; mikej; nfhej; spgg; hd fhyk; mJ fjputd; cjpgg; jwF; gykzp Neuk; KdN; g Nfhapybapy; FbapUej; Qhdhrphpahplk; ghlk; fwr; f; nryy; NtzL; k; kzP L; k; muGg; gss; pfF; g; gy iky; J}uk; kzy; FdW; fs; Vwp ,wqf; p Giftzb; epiya rhiyfF; r; nrdW; ehspjo; flL; vLj;J teJ; mej; f; Nfhapy; efuj;J kff; SfF; tpdpNahfpff; NtzL; k; mgG; wkj; hd; gss; pfF; r; nryy; NtzL; k; ,uT gLff; r; nryY; kK; d; khiyapy; mgg; hTld; tpahghuk; ,ej; r; rpWtdpd; Ntjidfs; vyy; hk; mdi; dNa eP mlff; khd typikahy; khww; pdha; vyy; hk; tyy; Mzl; tdpkpUe;J klL; Nk jdrhp IeJ; Kiw njhOJ eP cd; gpsi; sfSfF; typik Nrhj; j; ha; Njitgg; ll; thf; SfF; cdd; plkpUej; 37 | P a g e
rpwej; twi; w eP gfph;eJ; nfhzl; ha; eP vgN; ghJk; nfhLgg; tshfNt ,Uej; ha; ,iwtd; kJP itjj; ekg; pfi; fAk; Nrhj; N; j vijAk; eP nfhLjj; ha!; vdfF; gj;J tajhf ,Uej; NghJ epfoj; j; J ed;whfNt epidtpy; epwf; pwJ xU gThz; kp ehs; ,uT mJ vd; cld; gpweN; jhh; nghwhikf; nfhss; ehd; cd; kbapy; gLjj; pUeN; jd; vd; cyfk; cdfF; klL; k; njhpAk; vd; mdi; dNa! ess; putpy; ehd; fz; tpopjN; jd; vd; Koqf; hy; kPJ cd; fzz; hP ; Jsphg; lL; cd; gpsi; sapd; Ntjid cdfF; jhNd njhpAk; jhNa? C cd; MjuT fuqf; s; vd; Ntjidia nkdi; kaha; mfw;wpd cd; mdG; k; MjuTk; ekg; pfi; fAk; vdfF; typik jej; d mijf; nfhzN; l ehd; ,ej; cyif mrr; kpd;wp vjphn; fhzN; ld; 38 | P a g e
vd; mdi; dNa! ehk; kzP L; k; rej; pgN; ghk; mej; khngUk; epahaj; jhP g; G; ehspy; lhfl; h; mg;Jyf; yhk; jkJ mdi; dia epidjJ; vOjpa ftpij Ntjidahd Ngjk; jkJ Mukg; g; gss; papy; elej; xU tuyhW E}yhd mfd; p rpwFfspy; gpdt; Uk; gb tpthpff; pwhh.; zp ,uhNk]t; uk; Mukg; gg; ss; papy; ehd; Iej; hk; tFgG; gbj;Jf; nfhzb; UeN; jd; vdi; d K]y; pkhf milahsk; fhlL; k; njhgg; pia NghlL; fn; fhzL; jhd; vgN; ghJk; tFgG; fF; tUNtd; Kjy; thpirapy; ; ,uhkehj rh]j; phpfF; g; gff; jj; pyj; hd; vdW; Nk clf; hh;eJ; ,UgN; gd; . mtd; G+Z}Yk; FLkpAkhf ,Ugg; hd; xU ehd; Gjpa Mrphpah; xUth; vqf; s; tFgG; fF; tej; hh.; xU ,eJ; FUff; spd; kfd; gff; jj; py; K]y; pk; igad; clf; hhe; j; pUgg; ij mtuhy; rjpjJ; f; nfhss; Kbatpyi; y mth; ephz; apjj; r%f mej; ]j; pdg; b vdi; d filrp ngQr; py; clf; hur; nrhdd; hh.; VdfF; k; ,uhkehj rh]j; phpfF; k; Jff; ji; j mlff; Kbatpyi; y ehd; filrp ngQR; fF; g; NghdJ mtd; fzz; hP t; plL; mOjff; hlr; p vd; kdij tpl kiwa tpyi; y. gss; pf$; lk; Kbe;J tlP b; wF; g; NghdJk; mgg; htplk; ,ej; rkg; tji; jg; gww; p nrhdN; dd; . uhkehjrh]j; phpak; mtd; mgg; htplk; nrhyy; p tpll; hd.; mej; Mrphpaiu tutiojj; ylR; kz rh]j; php vqf; s; Kdd; piyapy; mtiuf; fzb; jj; hh.; 39 | P a g e
fss; k; fglk; njhpahj gri; rf; Foei; jfs; kdjpy; ,gg; b r%f Vw;wjj; hoT; rka JNtk; vd;w eQi; rf; GFjj; $lhJ vd;W vrr; hpjj; hh.; xdW; kdd; pgG; Nflf; NtzL; k; ,yy; htpll; hy; jiP t tplL; Nghf NtzL; k; vdW; mej; Mrphpahplk; fLikahf $wpdhh.; ylR; kz rh]j; phpapd; cWjpahd mZFKiwahy; mej; ,sk; Mrphpah; tUjj; k; njhptpjj; NjhL klL; kpyy; hky; jdi; dNa khww; pf; nfhzl; hh.; Vd; ,ej; j; jzP l; hik fyhk; thot; py; kwff; ,ayhj kwn; whU rkg; tk; Mukg; g; ghl rhiyapy; elej; J. mJ mtuJ mwptpapy; Mrhd; rptRgg; pukzpa maa; h; gw;wpaJ. zpfyhk; eP nghpa nghpa gll; zqf; spy; nuhkg; g; gbjj; [dqf; spd; kjj; papy; mthf; SfF; r; rkkhf KdN; dw NtzL; k; vd;W mbff; b mwpTWjJ; gth.; Zp igaid edF; gbff; itjj; hy; KdD; fF; tUthh; vdW; ngwN; whhf; splk; MNyhrid Kd; itgg; Jk; mth; jhd; [hjfP gpuhkzuhd mth; ehlb; d; rhjp> rKjha jilfis jfjn; jwpa NtzL; k; vd;W KwN; ghfF; rpej; id cilath; mtuJ JiztpahNuh nfhQr; k; Mrr; huk; ghhg; g; th.; rptRgg; pukzpa maa; h; xUehs; fyhik mdG; ld; jkJ ,yy; jj; pwF; kjpa czTfF; miojj; pUej; hh; . ,]y; hkpa rpWtd; xUtd; maa; h; MjJ; fF; s; mLgg; btiu tej; hy; jlP L; vdg; jhf mej; mki; kahh; fUjpapUff; NtzL; k.; fyhkpwF; czT ghpkhw kWjJ; tpll; hh.; 40 | P a g e
jpLnkd;W ghjj; puqf; s; fNP o itj;JtplL; mLff; isf; fjTfF; g; gpdd; hb Ngha; kiwe;J epdW; nfhzl; hs.; mej; g; gpQR; css; k; vgg; bj; jtpjj; pUfF; k.; kidtp kJP maa; UfF; epahakhd Mjj; puk; xUGwk>; tpUe;JfF; te;J jkJ khztDfF; Nehe; j; mtkhdk; kWGwk; #o;epiyia rkhspff; MrphpaNu khztDfF; czT ghpkhwpdhh.; mfKilahd; ,]y; hkpa rpWtDfF; czT ghpkhWk; fhlr; pia mLgg; b fjT ,LfF; topNa mUtUgG; ld; ftdpj;Jf; nfhzb; Uej; hh.; mej; mki; kahh.; fyff; j;Jld; jkJ Mrhd; ,ll; czit czL; ehP ; mUej; p tplL; ,iy vLjJ; rhgg; pll; ,lji; j fOtpj; JiljJ; tplL; vOej; tpjjj; pid ,ik nfhll; hky; ghhj; j; pUgg; hs; mej; kbrhh; khkp. Mrhdplk; tpilngWk; nghOJ . zpfyhk; mLjj; thuk; ,uhjj; php rhgg; hlL; fF; ekk; MjJ; fF; te;JL vd;whh; maa; h.; gjpNyJk; $whky; jaqf; p epd;w fyhik Nehff; p kzP L; k; zp xU tp\\aji; j khjj; p mikff; ZkD; epidrR; zl; h mgG; wk; KdN; dwpjj; hd; MfZk; . gpurr; idfis vjphn; fhss; jj; hNd NtZk; vdW; Kbjj; hh.; kWthuk; mtuJ tlP b; y; elej; epfor; r; p xNu tpagg; hf ,Uej; J. rptRgg; pukzpa maa; hpd; kidtpahNu fyhik mLgg; bfF; s; miojJ; mUQR; it tpUeJ; ghpkhwpdhh; vd;why; NtNwdd; nrhyy; .. fyt; p fwf; nrdw; fyhk; ,uhNk]t; ujj; py; mee; hspy; cah; epiygg; ss; pfs; VJkpyi; y jei; jfN; fh glFg; guhkhpgG; [tP dk.; Rhjhuz nghUshjhur; #oy>; tlP L; epytuk; fyhkpwF; ed;whfj; njhpAk.; ,Ugg; pDk; gbgG; j; njhlu ,uhkehjGuk; nryy; tpUkg; pdhh.; fyhk; mwptpay; Mrhd; rptRgg; pukzpa maa; hpd; mwpTiu mJ jei; j kfdplk; mDkjp NflL; epdw; NghJ fpiljj; gjpy.; 41 | P a g e
zpmGy; ntspapljj; pwF; g; Nghdhyj; hd; KdN; dw KbakD; vdfF; njhpAk.; rff; uthsg; glr; pfs; jdpahf $LtplL; vqN; fh gweJ; Ngha; #hpaidNa fleJ; nryt; jpyi; yah? gRikahd epidTfspd; G+kp apypUe;J cah;e;J cdd; j FwpfN; fhSld; Gjj; k; GJ thdk; Njb cau caug; gw> gej; ghrKk; NjitfSk; cdi; dg; gpbj;J ,OjJ; fNP oNa epWjj; p tplf$; lhJ. vdW; kfd; gbgG; fF; jei; j gri; rf; nfhb fhlb; dhh.; xU topahf ,uhkehjGuk; nryt; J cWjpahdJ. fyhk; clg; l ehdF; Gjyt; hf; isAk; miojJ; Gdpj jpUfF; uhdpy; ,UeJ; my/; ghjj; pah Xjp tplL; fyhik Giftzb; Vww; p mDgg; pdhh; jei; j. zp,ej; j; jTP cdJ clYfF; jj; hd; FbapUgG; css; j;JfF; myy; . cd; Mdk; hTfF; milff; yk; vjphf; hyk; ehisa mej; GJ tlP i; l ,ej; ,uhNk]t; u thrpfs; ahuhYk; fhz ,ayhJ fdtpy; $l nryt; Nk > myy; h cdi; d MrhP t; jpgg; huhf! Giftzb; nkyy; efh;ej; J. fyhk; epidTfs; klL; k; Gif khjphp gpdN; dhff; p gwe;J fhww; py; fiuej; d. jkJ ezg; hf; s; epidtpy; tej; hhf; s.; mqF; Rthhl; ]; ; cahe; piyg; gss; pf$; ljj; py; Nrh;ej; hh; fyhk.; fpwp]J; t kp\\dhp gss; pf$; lk; mJ. jqF; tjwF; tpLjpapYk; ,lk; fpiljj; hapwW; ,UeJ; k; mej; ,uhNk]t; uk; flwf; iuapd; Fsphe; j; fhwW; k; nkypjhd miy XirAk; khiy Neu Myag; ghlyf; Sk; Clb; a mDG+jp efujj; py; ,dp vd;W tUk;? tpLjp czT fyhKfF; xjJ; tutpyi; y mdi; d ghpeJ; }lL; k; rpwW; zb; gyfhuqf; s; ntWqf; dtha; goqf; ijaha; NghdNj jha; M\\pak;kh gdd; puzL; tifg; Nghsp RlL; jj; Uthhf; s.; mej; f; ifgg; fF; tk; Mapuk; NgUfF; k; rikj;Jf; nfhlL; k; tpLjp rikay; fhuhplk; vjphg; hhg; g; Jk; rhpapyi; yjhd>; vdd; nrhyy; .. 42 | P a g e
tpahghuk; nraj; fyhk; ,jj; idfF; k; Rthhl; ]; ; gss; pf$; lk; tplL; mbff; b tpLKiwapy; nrhej; CUfF; j; jpUkg; p teJ; tpLthh; fyhk.; mej; Neujj; py; cwtpdUfF; kpFej; xjj; hirr; nrat; hh.; %jj; rNfhjuh; K]j; gh fkhy; mqF; Giftzb; epiya rhiyapy; gyrufF; f; fil itjj; pUej; hh.; rpy Neuk; filiag; ghhj; ;Jf; nfhsS; khW fyhkplk; xgg; ilj;JtplL; g; Nghthh.; mzz; d; tUkt; iu jkg; p fyhk; tpahghuji; j fhprzkhff; ftzpjJ; fn; fhst; hh.; mzz; DfF; gyrufF; f; filkhjphp ,isa rNfhjuh; Kfk;kJ flwr; pgg; p> rqF; > fpspQr; y; iftpidg; nghUsf; s; tpahghuk; fyhk; CUfF; teJ; tpll; hy; mzz; d; jkg; pfSfF; f; nfhzl; hll; k; filia jkg; p ghhj; ;Jf; nfhst; hNd! mbjj; MrphpaNu ghuhlb; dhh; fyhk; vll; hk; tFgG; gbjJ; tej; fhyfll; jj; py; xU ehs; ntFspjj; dkhf NtnwhU tFgg; iwfF; s; EioeJ; tpll; hh; khzth; fyhk.; mej; tFgg; py; ghlk; eljj; pf; nfhzb; Uej; th; ,uhkfpU\\z; maa; h.; fyhkpd; fzpj thjj; pahh.; zp vdd; lh ehd; ghlk; elj;Jk; NghJ ,qN; f teJ; Rk;kh njhej; uT gzZ; fpwha; vdW; jplb; vyy; h khzthf; s; Kdd; piyapYk; gpukg; hy; mbj;J mtkhdgg; Ljj; p ntspNaww; p tpll; hh.; ,Nj khztd; gy khjqf; s; fopj;Jf; fzpjjj; py; E}w;WfF; E}W kjpgn; gzf; s; ngw;wNghJ thjj; pahUfN; f J}ff; p thhpg; Nghll; J. edw; ha; gbff; pw khztidah ,gg; b mbj;J tplN; lhk.; vd;w Fww; czhT; xUehs; fhiy gss; p gpuhhj; j; id $ll; jj; py; jdJ jtiw gfpuqf; khf mwptpj;J tpll; hh; fzpj Mrphpah; eyy; Mrhd; myy; th? zp vdd; plk; gpukg; bgg; ll; td; ahuhdhYk; mtd; thot; py; KdD; fF; te;JtpLthd; NtzL; khdhy; ghUqf; s.; ,ej; khztd; ek; 43 | P a g e
gss; pf; $ljj; pwF; k; > Mrphpahf; SfF; k; ngUikAk; . ewn; gaUk; Njbf; jUthd; ,J jpzz; k; vd;W ghuhlb; dhh.; mej; Gfor; r; p nkhopapy; fyhk; nefpoe; ;J Nghdhh.; khpahijfF; hpa Mrphpahf; s; fyhkpwF; Rthhl; ]; ; cah;epiyg; gss; papy; maa; hJiu rhykd; vdg; th; ntWk; Mrphpah; klL; kyy; > xU QhdFU mtuJ cgNjrqf; s; fyhk; neQr; py; tpijj; j nghd; nkhopfs.; dp thof; i; fapy; KdN; dWtjwF; %d;W Kff; pa rfj; pfis ehk; GhpeJ; nfhss; NtzL; k; tpisT ekg; pfi; f vjph; ghhg; G; ehk; vJ elff; NtzL; k; vdW; tpUkG; fpwhNkh mjpy; mirahj ekg; pfi; f itj;J epiwNtWk; vdw; vjphg; hhg; py; mauhJ cioff; NtzL; k.; vzz; pa vzz; pahqF; va;JgJ vdd; pwhh; ts@; th; eyy; J elfF; k; vd;W jdd; kg; pff; iAld; Kadw; hy; fhhpak; iff$; Lk; vjpYk; xU cwr; hfk; Cff; k; Njit. nkdN; kYk; fwf; NtzL; k; GJikfs; epfoj; j; NtzL; k.; rhjidfs; gilff; NtzL; k; vd jdd; kg; pfi; f Jsphj; j; d fyhk; css; jj; py; mdi; wfn; fyy; hk; njhopy; Elg; f; fyt; p Fwpjj; gpufi; Q mjpfk; fpilahJ . ,uhkehjGujj; py; fy;Y}hpfSk; fpilahJ. Nkwn; fhzL; gbff; NtzL; khdhy; vqF; gbff; yhk; > vdd; gbff; yhk; vd topf; hll; Tk; Nghjpa ezg; hf; s; ,yi; y. Mrhd; maa; hJiu rhykdj; hd; newpgLjj; pdhh.; jpUrr; papy; njhlh;ej; gbgG; gff; jj; py; jpUrr; puhgg; ss; p ahfpa jpUrr; p efhpy; fyY; }hpapy; Nrhe; ;J gbff; tpUkg; pdhh; fyhk.; 1950k; MzL; gjj; hk; tFgG; KbjJ; mdi; wa ,dl; h;kbP ah; ,ilepiygg; bgG; ff; hf jpUrr; p J}a #iragg; h; fyY; }hpapy; Nrhe; j; hh; fyhk.; ,awg; pay; ,sqf; iy gll; gg; bgG; mqN; fNa njhlhe; j; J. 44 | P a g e
Rthhl; ]; ; cah;epiygg; ss; papy; maa; hJiu rhykd; khjphp J}a #iragg; h; fy;Y}hpapy; mUsj; pU b. vd.; nrff; hhpah ghjphpahh; > Mqf; py MrphpaUk; fyY; }hp tpLjp fhtyUk; mtNu. mth; xtn; thU ehs; ,uTk; iggpSld; miwNjhWk; gpuNtrpjJ; khzthf; Sld; mstshtp nryt; JzL; . xNu miwapy; Kkk; jjj; th; mNj Ntisapy; xUKiw jgP htspfF; mtuJ mwpTiugg; b mjpfhiy vzn; za; FspaYff; hf miwNjhWk; eyn; yzn; za; tpdpNahfk; elej; J. J} #iragg; h; fy;Y}hpapy; fyhk; miw czi; kapNyNa xU rpdd; rkj;JtGuk; vdyhk.; mjpy; jqf; p ,Uej; Vida ,Uthpy; xU khzth; IjfP Iaa; qf; hh; FLkg; ji; jr; Nrh;ej; th; kwn; whUth; Nfus rphpad; fjN; jhypff; fpwp];Jth.; ehdf; hdL; fs; jpUrr; p tshfjj; pd; NghJ fyhk; thot; pdpy; Vwg; ll; mDgtqf; s; Fwpgg; pljj; ff; it. ,uzl; hk; MzL; gll; gg; bgg; pdN; ghJ czT tpLjp nrayhsuhf fyhk; Njh;en; jLff; gg; ll; hh.; nttN; tW Chf; spypUe;Jk; gyjugg; ll; fyhrr; hu #oypy; ,Ue;Jk; mqF; teJ; jqf; papUej; khzthf; SfF; rkgej; pjhNd. xUKiw QhapW md;W kjpa tpUeJ; zz; VR jpUrr; ig nghUshsh; mUsj; pU fsjj; py; ghjphpahiu $l miojj; pUej; hh; fyhk.; fsjj; py; ghjphpahh; rpW Foei; j khjphp kpf vspikahfg; NgRthh.; mtuJ NgrR; jj; pwdpy; xU mjjP rfj; p ,UfF; k.; NkYk; fhQr; p fhkNfhb glP hjpgjp guhkhrr; hhpah Rthkpfspd; gfj; hf; shd jpUthshf; s; Nfhjj; hjj; php kwW; k; #hpaehuhaz rh]j; phpahh; MfpNahh; fzpjg; Nguhrphpahf; s>; fyY; }hp tshfjj; py; mthf; Sld; fyhk; mwptpay; nraj; pfs; myrp Muhae; ;J nryt; J toff; k.; 45 | P a g e
vjphg; hhf; f; tpyi; y fyY; }hp ,WjpahzL; Mqf; py ,yff; pajj; pYk; kpFej; <LghL lhy]; l; ha>; ]f; hl; kw;Wk; `hhb; NghdN; whh; gilgG; fs; njhlqf; p jjJ; t E}yfSk; gbgg; hh; fyhk; Iah mthf; s.; ,awg; pay; ehll; Kk; mthplk; mjpfk; ,Uej; J. Nguhrphpahf; s; rpdd; Jiu kwW; k; fpU\\z; %hj; j; p MfpNahhplk; fyhk; mZjJ; fs; ,awg; pay; ghlqf; is fw;whh.; gpwf; hyjj; py; jhNd mZ tpQQ; hdpahf mwpKfkthh; vdW; fyhk; mgN; ghJ vjphg; hhj; j; pUff; khll; hh; vdf; pwhh; tpQQ; hdp neyi; y R.Kj; ( mwptpay mwpQh; mg;Jy; fyhk; Iah ) jgP k; mJ kWehs; fhiyapy; 710 kzpastpy; mfd; p VTfiz nrYjj; gg; ll; J. mJ fyhk; thot; py; kwff; Kbahj ehs.; md;W ,uT ekJ ehlF; wpgg; pdpy; fyhk; vOjpa ftpij thpfs.; zpmfd; p NkNy Nehff; p VtpaNjhh; jfP ; fqF; myy; jqP F; mrR; Wjj; Nth jpwk; fhll; Nth myy; mJ xtn; thU ,ej; padpd; kdjpy; Rlh; tpLk; mfd; p mjwF; VTfiz vd;w gll; k; #ll; hjhP ; Vnddpy; ,ej; ehlb; d; nfhOeJ; tpln; lhpAk; jgP k; mJ Mjypdhy; gpufhrpff; pwJ. 46 | P a g e
tpQQ; hd crr; papy; tsS; td; Nghy; Qhd Qhdpiaf; fhzN; ghk; tsS; td; mwnewp cynfqF; k; xyptpfF; k; thot; pd; kiw mJ . ngUQ; nryt; k; nfhLfF; k; murpay; gpiojN; jhhf; F; mwk; $w(; W) MtJ}ck; vd;W ekfn; fd mspjj; jhk; rpygg; jpfhuk; mJ ,sqN; fh mbfspd; jj;Jt Qhdk; ghujpNghy ,ylr; paf; fdTfs; fzl; kfhftp Njhd;Wthh; fdTfs; edthff; fhtphp > fqi; f xdw; ha; ,izj;J NrJ rKjj; puk; vyy; hk; epiwa tzpff; fgg; y; cynfqF; k; nrYjj; p nryt; k; Nrhg; N; ghk; Voi; kia tpulL; Nthk.; uhkhdD[k; Nghy; fzpj Nkijfs; uhkdN; ghy; Nehgy; ghpRfs; ngWNthh; jkpofk; KOtJk; fhzN; ghk; fbd ciogg; py; tpQQ; hd crr; papy; nghqf; p vOej; pLk; 47 | P a g e
Gjpa jkpofk; fyhk; Iah vOjpa ftpij ,J.. ed;whff; fyhk; thaj; n; jdN; ghk; mZ MAjk; mopTfF; g; gadg; lhky; mikjpiaf; fhfF; k; Nflakha; MtjwF; k; Mfhajj; py; jhTfpdw; VTfiz mzi; l ehlL; J}juhf khWtjwF; k; kWgpwgi; g tpQQ; hdk; vLgg; jwF; kdtypT Gtp khej; UfF; kpfTk; NtzL; k; mtt; ypit cUthff; Vww; tNu mgJ; y; fyhnkd Muthuk; GhpeJ; mtdpnaqF; k; mdG; Koff; k; xypfF; k; ,kaKjy; Fkhptiu thof; pd;w ,ej; paf; Fbkff; s; vtuhapDk; ,izgphpahj; Njhohf; sha; ,ujj; f; fygG; ss; rNfhjuhf; sha; thot; jwF; edw; hff; fhyk; thaj; n; jdN; ghk; ehlb; d; jiytuhf mg;Jy; fyhk; thaj; j; jpdhy; Kjyt; h; fiyQh; K. fUzhepjp. Kb #ba kdd; d; e!P fdd; pahFkhpapy; nraj; fLk; jtjj; pwF; 48 | P a g e
uhNk]t; ujj; py; tuk; fpiljj; J mjd; ngahj; hd; mg;Jy; fyhk; mdW; ,ej; pahTfF; s; cd; tLP ,dW; cd; tlP L; fF; s; ,ej; pah ,Uff; pwJ kz; Mir> ngz; Mir nghd; Miriaj; Jwej; th; - tpz; Miria klL; k; Jwff; tpyi; y Kb #ba kdd; d; e!P xU fzz; py; tsS; td; ghba fdT ghujpNa cdJ fdT edthf vd; fyhk; fdit edthfF; ftpgN; guuR ituKj;J.. mutizfF; k; Nkij mgJ; y; fyhk; ,uhNk]t; uj; jtP pdpNy njhlff; fyt; p ,uhkehj Rthhl; ]; ; gss; p njhlej; fyt; p NrkKah; jpUrr; p J}a #iragg; h; rhP t; sKk; fy;Y}hpg; gll; k; ntdN; whd!; ehkwpej; FNuhkN; gli; l nrdi; dahqN; f eyKahe; j; vkI; b tpkhdf; fyt; p NjkJu ,kakiy hp\\pNf\\; MqN; f rpthdej; Rthkp[p mUSk; ngwN; whd!; fhdG; +hpy; tpkhdtpay; gapwr; p njwN; f 49 | P a g e
fhd; hlf ngqf; @hpy; eej; p fzN; lhd!; thd; MaT; Nuhfpzpfs; Jkg; h jdd; py; tlb; A+hf; f; h (T) mjpy; Nfhitg; nghUs; epiyak; jhdf; zN; lhd!; v]v; yt; p ntww; p fzN; lhd; jif ,kuhj MaT; ika vOrr; p fzN; lhd; Mztjj; hh; gif ntyY; k; gpUjt; p mfd; p Mfh\\; ehf; jphp#yf; fzifs; nraN; jhd; rfj; padN; wh rfj; papid kjpfF; k; vdN; w jwf; hgG; mZrfj; p ntb ntbjN; jd; gfj; papYk; rpwej; njhU Njr gfj; p gw;wpdpYk; cah;kdpj Neak; nfhzN; lhd!; vj;JiiwAk; njhopy; Elg; f; jdd; piwthy; Vww; kpF ,ej; pahit thhj; n; jLfF; k; tpjj; fhuk; MTyg; ff; hP ; n[apd; yhgj; dP ; tpQQ; hd kfd; mgJ; yf; yhNk thopa mwptpayp; ey; Mlr; p ,dp kyhe; N; jhqf; lL; k; Md;kpfk; kjqf; is ntdW; Xqf; lL; k!; guTnkhU nghUshjhur; nropgG; Njrg; ghJfhgG; cyfuqf; py; jdprr; pwgG; ! ,UgNj tUlqf; s; fhjj; pUgN; ghk; 50 | P a g e
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