English for Everyone. Level 1 Beginner

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The things I have New language Using “have” Vocabulary Household objects When you talk about things you own, such as furniture or pets, New skill Talking about possessions you can use the verb “have.” You can also use it to talk about your qualifications and the appliances and rooms in your home. Use “has” for the third person singular (he, she, or it). KEY LANGUAGE USING “HAVE” “Have” is an irregular verb. The third person singular form is “has,” not “haves.” HOW TO FORM STATEMENTS USING “HAVE” SUBJECT “HAVE” OBJECT These pronouns take “have.” These pronouns take “has.” FILL IN THE GAPS USING “HAVE” OR “HAS” 102

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHO OWNS WHICH OBJECT READ THE ADVERTISEMENTS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 103

KEY LANGUAGE “HAVE” NEGATIVES Although “have” is irregular, its negative is formed in the usual way. The negative form can also be contracted as with other verbs. Use “does not” instead of “do not” for she, he, and it. “Do not” can be “Does not” can Always use “have” shortened to “don’t.” be shortened instead of “has” to “doesn’t.” in the negative. WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER NEGATIVE FORM USE THE CHART TO CREATE 11 CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD Start with a Choose the correct Choose an article Finish with pronoun. form of the verb. or determiner. a noun. 104

ANOTHER WAY TO SAY “HAVE” NEGATIVE Some English speakers, especially in the UK, use “have got” instead of “have.” It means the same thing. The only difference is the word “got.” HOW TO FORM ”HAVE GOT” POSITIVE Only use this form when using “have” with “Has not got” can be “got.” Don’t shorten “I have” to “I’ve a dog.” shortened to “hasn’t got.” WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER TWO FORMS CHECKLIST Household objects Talking about possessions Using “have” 105

What do you have? Use questions with “have” to ask someone New language “Have” questions about the things they own. “Do” or “does” Vocabulary House and furniture are used to form the question. New skill Asking about household objects KEY LANGUAGE ASKING “HAVE” QUESTIONS “Has” changes to ”have” in questions. Form “have” questions by adding “do” or “does.” Add “do” to turn “I,” “you,” “we,” Add “does” to form questions and “they” statements into questions. for “he,” “she,” and “it.” VOCABULARY HOUSEHOLD OBJECTS 106

REWRITE THE LISTEN AND MARK WHO OWNS SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS WHICH OBJECTS USE THE CHART TO CREATE NINE CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD Start the question Choose a Use “have.” Finish with with “do” or “does.” pronoun. a noun. 107

KEY LANGUAGE SHORT ANSWERS TO “HAVE” QUESTIONS You can give short Add “do” to form Use “do” in the answers to “have” a question. positive answer. questions using “do” and “don’t.” LOOK AT THE PICTURE Use “do not” or “don’t” AND WRITE SHORT ANSWERS in the negative answer. TO THE QUESTIONS LOOK AT THE PICTURE, THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS OUT LOUD 108

KEY LANGUAGE “HAVE GOT” QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Use “have” in the positive answer. Questions and answers using “have got” are formed differently. Remember, you mostly hear this in British English. “Have” or “has” moves to the start of the question. “Got” does not move. Use “have not” or “haven’t” in the negative answer. REWRITE EACH “HAVE” SAY THE ANSWERS OUT QUESTION USING “HAVE GOT” LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS CHECKLIST House and furniture Asking about household objects “Have” questions 109

Vocabulary FOOD AND DRINK 110

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Counting In English, nouns can be countable or uncountable. New language Uncountable nouns Countable nouns can be individually counted. Objects Vocabulary Food containers that can’t be separated and counted are uncountable. New skill Talking about food KEY LANGUAGE COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Use “a,” “an,” or a number to talk about countable nouns. “Some” can be used for both countable and uncountable nouns. COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Uncountable nouns are always paired with verbs in the singular. Always use “some” with uncountable nouns, not “a,” “an,” or a number. Use “some” when there are more countable things than you can easily count. FURTHER EXAMPLES COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE 112

KEY LANGUAGE NEGATIVES AND QUESTIONS For both countable and uncountable nouns, use “any” in negative sentences and questions. COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Use “are” for positive Use “is” for positive countable statements. uncountable statements. Use “aren’t” for negative Use “isn’t” for negative countable statements. uncountable statements. Use “are there” for Use “is there” for countable questions. uncountable questions. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH STATEMENTS AND QUESTIONS ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BY FILLING IN THE GAPS, SPEAKING OUT LOUD 113

VOCABULARY FOOD CONTAINERS KEY LANGUAGE MAKING UNCOUNTABLE THINGS COUNTABLE Uncountable nouns can be made countable if they are placed in containers. FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES 114

KEY LANGUAGE QUESTIONS ABOUT QUANTITIES You use “many” to ask questions about quantities of countable nouns, and “much” to ask questions about quantities of uncountable nouns. Use “many” for countable questions. Use “much” for uncountable questions. FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS ABOUT QUANTITIES FILL IN THE GAPS USING LISTEN TO THE AUDIO “HOW MUCH” AND “HOW MANY” AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS Listen as Mila and Jon plan a shopping trip. CHECKLIST Food containers Talking about food Uncountable nouns 115

Measuring Use “enough” when you have the correct New language Measurements number or amount of something. Use “too many” Vocabulary Ingredients and quantities or “too much” if you have more than enough. New skill Talking about amounts KEY LANGUAGE “ENOUGH / TOO MANY” Use “enough,” Eggs are countable. You need four eggs. Two is not enough. “not enough,” Four eggs is the correct amount: enough. and “too many” Use “enough” to talk about for questions. quantities of countable nouns. Five eggs is more than enough: too many. FURTHER EXAMPLES “ENOUGH / TOO MANY” READ THE RECIPE AND CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE 116

KEY LANGUAGE “ENOUGH / TOO MUCH” Use “enough,” We need eight ounces of flour. Do we have enough? “not enough,” and “too much” to talk about quantities of uncountable nouns. 4oz 8oz 12oz You need eight ounces of Eight ounces is the Twelve ounces is more flour. Four is not enough. correct amount: enough. than enough: too much. FURTHER EXAMPLES “ENOUGH / TOO MUCH” LISTEN AND MATCH THE CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT PICTURES TO THE AMOUNTS WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE Sheila and Vikram are preparing to bake a cake. CHECKLIST Ingredients and quantities Talking about amounts Measurements 117

Vocabulary CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES 118

CLOTHING SIZES DESCRIBING CLOTHES COLORS (US) / COLOURS (UK) 119

At the shops New language Using “too” and “fit” Vocabulary Shopping and clothes You can use many different verbs to talk about what New skill Describing clothes happens when you are shopping. Use “too” and “enough” to describe how well clothes fit you. VOCABULARY SHOPPING VERBS CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE 120

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER READ THE MESSAGES LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND CIRCLE 12 ADJECTIVES AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS Five groups of friends are talking about the things they want to buy. 121

KEY LANGUAGE ANSWERING “DOES IT FIT?” In English, you use “enough” and “too” with adjectives to describe how well a piece of clothing fits you. The noun comes first when asking if something is the correct size. MATCH THE PHRASES FILL IN THE GAPS USING THAT MEAN THE SAME THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL 122

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK WHICH PIECE OF CLOTHING EACH PERSON DESCRIBES USE THE CHART TO CREATE 12 CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD Start with a Choose an Choose Choose the Finish with determiner. adjective. a noun. correct verb form. a size adjective. CHECKLIST Shopping and clothes Describing clothes Using “too” and “fit” 123

Describing things You can use adjectives to give your opinion New language Opinion adjectives about things as well as to give factual information. Vocabulary Shopping and materials You can use more than one adjective before a noun. New skill Giving opinions KEY LANGUAGE OPINION ADJECTIVES Some adjectives give opinions, not facts. These are These are positive adjectives. negative adjectives. KEY LANGUAGE ADJECTIVE ORDER FACT ADJECTIVE NOUN Adjectives usually follow a set order in English. Opinion adjectives come before fact adjectives. OPINION ADJECTIVE Opinion adjectives come first. Fact adjectives come last. FURTHER EXAMPLES ADJECTIVE ORDER 124

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT ADJECTIVE IN EACH SENTENCE REWRITE THE SENTENCES, LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE MARK THE CORRECT ANSWERS CORRECT ORDER 125

VOCABULARY MATERIALS Some words can be used both as nouns to name materials, and as adjectives to say what things are made of. Two of the nouns below change when they become adjectives: “wood” to “wooden”, and “wool” to “woolen”. MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT DESCRIPTIONS 126

SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, CORRECTING THE WORD ORDER CHECKLIST Shopping and materials Giving opinions Opinion adjectives REVIEW THE ENGLISH YOU HAVE LEARNED IN UNITS 28–35 NEW LANGUAGE SAMPLE SENTENCE UNIT USING “HAVE” 127 ASKING “HAVE” QUESTIONS COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS USING “ENOUGH” AND “MANY” SHOPPING VERBS ADJECTIVE ORDER

Vocabulary SPORTS 128

EQUIPMENT VENUES 129

Talking about sports To describe taking part in some sports, you use New language “Go” and “play” the verb “go” plus the gerund. For other sports, Vocabulary Sports you use “play” plus the noun. New skill Talking about sports KEY LANGUAGE “GO” WITH A GERUND You can make some “Go” changes verbs into nouns by with the subject. adding “-ing” to their base forms. These Add “-ing” to the base are called gerunds. form of the verb. FURTHER EXAMPLES “GO” WITH A GERUND FILL IN THE GAPS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES 130

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MATCH THE DAYS TO SAM’S SPORTS KEY LANGUAGE SPELLING GERUNDS For single syllable verbs ending in a consonant + All gerunds end For verbs that end in “-ing” and in “e” delete the “e.” vowel + consonant… are formed following these …double the final simple rules. consonant and add “-ing.” For most Then add “-ing.” verbs add “-ing.” FIND NINE HIDDEN WORDS AND WRITE THEM IN THE CORRECT GROUP REGULAR GERUNDS WITH GERUNDS WITH GERUNDS: DOUBLE CONSONANTS: DROPPED “E”: 131

KEY LANGUAGE “PLAY” WITH A NOUN For some sports, especially ball games and competitions, you use “play” with the noun. “Play” changes, depending The noun is placed on the subject. after the verb. FURTHER EXAMPLES “PLAY” WITH A NOUN CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT REWRITE THE SENTENCES, WORD IN EACH SENTENCE CORRECTING THE ERRORS 132

READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, USING “GO” OR “PLAY” AND THE CORRECT FORMS OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS CHECKLIST Sports Talking about sports “Go” and “play” 133

Vocabulary HOBBIES AND PASTIMES 134

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Free time Adverbs of frequency show how often you do New language Adverbs of frequency something, from something you do very frequently Vocabulary Pastimes (“always”) to something you don’t do at all (“never”). New skill Talking about your free time VOCABULARY ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY Use adverbs of 100% frequency to say how often you do something. You normally put the adverb between the subject and the verb. 0% KEY LANGUAGE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY Time phrases SUBJECT ADVERB OF FREQUENCY ACTIVITY TIME PHRASE often go at the ends of sentences using adverbs of frequency. REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER 136

LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MATCH THE PASTIME TO ITS FREQUENCY Ben is taking part in a survey about how he spends his free time. Listen to his answers. LOOK AT THE TABLE AND SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD, FILLING IN THE GAPS 137

HOW TO FORM QUESTIONS ABOUT FREE TIME Use “when” to ask about the day or time. Use different phrases to ask about the frequency with which someone does an activity and the specific time that they do something. Use “how often” to ask about frequency. FURTHER EXAMPLES QUESTIONS ABOUT FREE TIME MARK THE CORRECT QUESTION FOR EACH ANSWER 138

WRITE A QUESTION BASED ON EACH STATEMENT USING “HOW OFTEN” OR “WHEN” SAY QUESTIONS OUT LOUD BASED ON THE STATEMENTS CHECKLIST Pastimes Talking about your free time Adverbs of frequency 139

Likes and dislikes Verbs such as “love,” “like,” and “hate” express New language “Love,” “like,” and “hate” your feelings about things. You can use Vocabulary Food, sports, and pastimes these verbs with nouns or gerunds. New skill Talking about what you like KEY LANGUAGE LIKES AND DISLIKES WITH NOUNS TIP You can use these verbs to talk about nouns. “Don’t like” means “dislike,” but people Use “do not” or “don’t” and “does not” use “don’t like” more or “doesn’t” to make negative statements. often in spoken English. This means you really like it. This is stronger than “don’t like.” FURTHER EXAMPLES LIKES AND DISLIKES WITH NOUNS MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES 140

WRITE THE NEGATIVE OF EACH SENTENCE USING “DOESN’T” OR “DON’T” LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MARK THE CORRECT ANSWERS Anna talks on Radio Chat about what she likes and dislikes. USE THE CHART TO CREATE NINE CORRECT SENTENCES AND SAY THEM OUT LOUD Start with a Choose Finish with pronoun or name. a verb a noun. 141

KEY LANGUAGE LIKES AND DISLIKES WITH GERUNDS You can use verbs such as “like” and “hate” with gerunds to talk about activities. FURTHER EXAMPLES LIKES AND DISLIKES WITH GERUNDS LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND MATCH THE LIKES AND DISLIKES WITH THE CORRECT ACTIVITIES 142

READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 143

VOCABULARY REASONS FOR LIKES AND DISLIKES You can use these adjectives to talk about why you like something. KEY LANGUAGE “DO” QUESTIONS ABOUT LIKES AND DISLIKES Use “do” or “does” Use “do” to ask a question. to ask if someone likes something. You can use “it” to avoid repeating the subject. KEY LANGUAGE “WHY” QUESTIONS ABOUT LIKES AND DISLIKES You can use “why” to Use “why” to ask the reason. find out the reasons why someone likes You can use “because” or dislikes something. to link the two parts of your answer. 144

WRITE QUESTIONS BASED ON THE STATEMENTS ANSWER THE QUESTIONS OUT LOUD, USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL CHECKLIST Food, sports, and pastimes Talking about what you like “Love,” “like,” and “hate” 145

Vocabulary MUSIC 146

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 147

Expressing preference You use “like” and “love” to show how much you New language Using “favorite” enjoy something. “Favorite” is used to identify Vocabulary Food and music the thing you love most in a group. New skill Talking about your favorite things KEY LANGUAGE USING “FAVORITE” Remember, this verb is stronger than “like.” “Like” and “love” are verbs, “Favorite” can be followed by a noun so they need subjects or the phrase “type of ” and a noun. and objects. “Favorite” is an adjective, so it is always paired with a noun or gerund. This shows you like this thing the most. FURTHER EXAMPLES USING “FAVORITE” “Italian” is not a particular food, but a “type of ” food. The UK spelling is \"favourite\". LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 148

MARK THE PICTURE THAT MATCHES EACH STATEMENT FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL 149

LOOK AT THESE ONLINE PROFILES, THEN FILL IN THE GAPS AND SAY THE SENTENCES OUT LOUD 150