Guinness World Records 2021 (World Records Guinness)

["ADVENTURERS Open-Water Swimming Longest-distance ice swim Youngest person to swim the Oceans Seven Hamza Bak\u0131rc\u0131o\u011flu (TUR) swam 3.44\u00a0km Inspired by the Seven Summits mountain- (2.14\u00a0mi) at Sonthofersee in the Bavarian climbing challenge (see p.150), this Alps, near Sonthofen in Germany, on 7\u00a0Feb open-water odyssey, overseen by WOWSA, 2018. The average water temperature during requires individuals to traverse seven his\u00a0swim was 4.13\u00b0C (39.43\u00b0F). channels or straits around the world. The female record is 3.30\u00a0km (2.05\u00a0mi), by Darren Miller (USA, b.\u00a013\u00a0Apr 1983) swam Carmel Collins (IRL) in a freshwater outdoor his \ufb01nal strait \u2013 the North Channel between pool at Wild Water in Armagh, Northern Northern Ireland and Scotland, UK \u2013 on Ireland, UK, on 21\u00a0Feb 2016. The water for 29\u00a0Aug 2013, aged 30 years 138 days. her swim averaged 4.63\u00b0C (40.33\u00b0F). Both Elizabeth Fry (USA, b. 28 Oct 1958) records were approved by IISA. became the\u00a0oldest person to swim the Oceans Seven after crossing the North Channel on 25\u00a0Aug\u00a02019 (see p.9). Fastest Ice Mile swim (female) The North Channel is considered This challenge involves a 1-mi (1.6-km) swim one of the toughest channel swims in water below 5\u00b0C (41\u00b0F), following IISA rules. on Earth, owing to its cold water, Julia\u00a0Wittig (left) and Ines Hahn (both DEU) powerful currents and numerous completed it in 21\u00a0min 33\u00a0sec on 20\u00a0Dec 2019 in jelly\ufb01sh. Michelle Macy (USA) swam Lake W\u00f6hrsee in Burghausen, Bavaria, Germany. the fastest North Channel crossing The fastest Ice Mile swim is 20\u00a0min 29\u00a0sec, in\u00a09\u00a0hr 34\u00a0min 39\u00a0sec on 15\u00a0Jul 2013. by Rostislav Vitek (CZE) in a \ufb02ooded quarry Keith Garry (IRL) achieved the male in Blansko, Czech Republic, on 7\u00a0Mar 2015. record in 9\u00a0hr 57\u00a0min 28\u00a0sec on 14\u00a0Aug 2016. Both Macy and Garry\u2019s feats Highest-altitude swim were rati\ufb01ed by of\ufb01cials from ILDSA. First swim beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet On 4\u00a0Jan 2020, Australian On 23\u00a0Jan 2020, endurance swimmer Lewis\u00a0Pugh adventurer Daniel Bull completed Fastest time to complete six 10-km (UK) swam 1\u00a0km (0.6\u00a0mi) down a \u201csubglacial river\u201d a swim at an altitude of 6,370\u00a0m marathon swims on six continents (female) in East Antarctica, in a bid to spotlight the rise of (20,898\u00a0ft) in Copiap\u00f3, Chile. He\u2019d It took ultraswimmer Jaimie Monahan glacial melting on the frozen continent. Wearing spotted a lake on the eastern \ufb02ank (USA) just 15\u00a0days 8\u00a0hr 19\u00a0min to perform just a pair of Speedos and a cap, he passed through of the volcano Ojos del Salado (\u201cEyes this truly global feat. Her \ufb01rst swim started a tunnel of ice, withstanding water temperatures of the Salty One\u201d) on 27\u00a0Apr 2017, in Cartagena, Colombia (South America) of\u00a00.1\u00b0C (32.1\u00b0F) for 10\u00a0min 17\u00a0sec. during his successful bid to become on 13\u00a0Aug 2018 and the last one ended in the then-youngest person to climb New\u00a0York City (North America) on 28 Aug. As the UN\u2019s Patron of the Oceans, Pugh has taken the Seven Summits and Seven on many never-before-attempted swims to raise Volcanic Summits. Monahan is also the \ufb01rst person to awareness of climate change, including a 49-day complete the Ice Sevens Challenge. English Channel crossing (inset; see table right). Devised and administered by WOWSA and IISA, the Ice Sevens sees Longest-duration ocean swim (individual) participants attempt a The longest-lasting non-stop swim in the open swim in waters sub 5\u00b0C sea under WOWSA regulations is 76\u00a0hr 30\u00a0min, by (41\u00b0F) on each of the seven continents. On 2\u00a0Jul 2017, Nejib\u00a0Belhedi (TUN, below) on 15\u201318\u00a0Sep Monahan completed 2018. Belhedi swam some 120\u00a0km (75\u00a0mi) across Tunisia\u2019s Gulf of her seventh and Gab\u00e8s in the Mediterranean Sea, Pugh is on a mission to gain global between Sfax and Djerba island. backing for a marine protected area around East Antarctica \u2013 something The longest-distance ocean that he already helped to secure for swim was set by Veljko the continent\u2019s Ross Sea in 2016. Rogo\u0161i\u0107 (HRV); he swam for 225\u00a0km (139.8\u00a0mi) across the Adriatic Sea off Italy on\u00a029\u201331\u00a0Aug 2006. A BRIEF HISTORY OF ADVENTURE 1947 1949 1953 First ascent of Everest Edmund Percival Hillary First supersonic flight First commercial (NZ, far left) and Tenzing On 14 Oct, Captain Charles jet aircraft Norgay (IND\/Tibet) top the \u201cChuck\u201d Elwood Yeager The 36-seat British world\u2019s highest mountain at (USA) reaches Mach 1.06 de Havilland Comet\u00a01 11:30\u00a0a.m. on 29\u00a0May. Their (1,127\u00a0km\/h; 700\u00a0mph) in takes to the skies expedition is led by Henry the Bell XS-1 rocket aircraft. on 27\u00a0Jul. It makes Cecil John Hunt (UK). Hillary The flight takes place its \ufb01rst scheduled is later knighted and Norgay over Rogers Dry Lake passenger-carrying receives the George Medal. in\u00a0California, USA. flight, between London, UK, and 150 Johannesburg, South Africa, on 2 May 1952.","Gallant-Charette is also the oldest to complete the Triple Crown of ADVENTURERS Lake Monster swims (three lakes said to harbour a mythical beast). She ended the monstrous feat on 1 Aug 2019, aged 68 years 180 days. Toks Viviers (all ZAF) became the \ufb01rst people to swim around the southernmost tip of South America. Each swam 3.18\u00a0km (1.97\u00a0mi) in the Drake Passage, a meeting point between the Atlantic, Paci\ufb01c and Southern oceans notorious for rough seas, abrupt wind gusts (williwaws) and icebergs. Fastest stage swim around Kauai Swim crossing of the Dead Sea Oldest person to complete the Terence Bell (AUS) circled the On 15\u00a0Nov 2016, a team of 25 swimmers fourth-largest island of Hawaii, representing 12 countries crossed the Dead Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming USA, in 27 separate legs between Sea to draw attention to the plight of the Pat Gallant-Charette (USA, b. 2 Feb 1951) was 1 and 19\u00a0Jul 2019, clocking an long-shrinking body of water. Starting in the 67\u00a0years 148\u00a0days old when she completed the aggregate time of 51\u00a0hr 57\u00a0min. Wadi Mujib river delta in Jordan, the group 20\u00a0Bridges Circumnavigation Swim of Manhattan In total, he swam a distance of swam to Ein Gedi in Israel, covering 17.5\u00a0km \u2013 a distance of 28.5\u00a0mi (45.8\u00a0km) \u2013 on 30\u00a0Jun 2018. 177.48\u00a0km (110.28\u00a0mi), and took (10.8\u00a0mi). The high salt content of the water, She\u2019d swum the Catalina Channel (20.2\u00a0mi; 32.5\u00a0km) 76,532\u00a0strokes, to complete the \ufb01rst- which could cause respiratory problems if between Santa Catalina Island and the California ever circumnavigation of the island. swallowed, posed a particular challenge. mainland on 18\u00a0Oct 2011, and the English Channel The average water temperature was The participants had to wear full-face (20.9\u00a0mi; 33.6\u00a0km) on 17\u00a0Jun 2017. a notably balmy 26\u00b0C (79\u00b0F). snorkel masks and take regular breaks to drink and\u00a0eat, without leaving the water. \ufb01nal ice\u00a0mile in the Beagle Channel, near Ushuaia, Argentina, in 29\u00a0min 5\u00a0sec. She Highest-altitude scuba dive Relay swim crossing of the Bering Strait wore neither a wetsuit nor a neoprene hat. On 13\u00a0Dec 2019, Marcel Korkus (POL) dived in The International Relay Swim Across the a lake that was 6,395\u00a0m (20,980\u00a0ft) above sea Bering Strait \u2013 a multinational project led by Fastest 5-km swim wearing leg irons level. The location was the highest active Russia \u2013 came to fruition on 5\u201311\u00a0Aug 2013. On 4\u00a0Oct 2019, during WOWSA\u2019s Ocean Fest volcano \u2013 Ojos del Salado (6,887\u00a0m; 22,595 ft), Setting out from Cape Dezhnev in Chukotka, event held at Redondo Beach in California, on the Chile-Argentina border (see also left). mainland Russia, the six-day staged relay USA, Pablo Fern\u00e1ndez \u00c1lvarez (ESP) swam ended at Cape Prince of Wales in mainland 5\u00a0km (3.1\u00a0mi) with his feet shackled across Alaska, USA. In total, 65 swimmers hailing Santa Monica Bay in just 1\u00a0hr 58\u00a0min. from 16\u00a0different countries participated, remaining in the icy water for 10\u201315\u00a0min FIRST\u2026 at\u00a0a\u00a0time. The intended 86-km (53.4-mi) route ended up being 134\u00a0km (83.2\u00a0mi) as\u00a0a\u00a0result of tidal currents. Swim around Cape Horn On 22\u00a0Feb 2011, Ram Barkai, Andrew Chin, Kieron Palframan, Ryan Stramrood and Swimming the English Channel: First\u2026 Most consecutive swim crossings Person* 24\u201325 Aug 1875 Matthew Webb (UK)** of the English Channel On 15\u00a0Sep 2019, American ultraswimmer Person (female) 6 Aug 1926 Gertrude Caroline Ederle Sarah Thomas set out from Shakespeare (USA) Beach in Dover, Kent, UK, at just after midnight, swimming to Cap Gris-Nez in Double crossing 9 Jul 2018 Rugby for Heroes team: France. She swam back to Dover, then by a two-person John Robert Myatt and repeated the round trip. She arrived relay team Mark Leighton (both UK) back in the UK at 6.30 a.m. (BST) two\u00a0days after starting out, having Double crossing 22 Jul 2018 Sportfanatic team: been at the task for 54\u00a0hr by a three-person Dezider P\u00e9k, Ondrej P\u00e9k 10\u00a0min. The \ufb01rst relay team and Richard Ny\u00e1ry (all SVK) quadruple English Medley relay 18 Sep 2010 Julie Bradshaw (butterfly), Susan Ratcliffe (backstroke), Channel crossing Peter May (breaststroke) was rati\ufb01ed by and\u00a0Kim\u00a0Owen (front crawl) the\u00a0CS&PF. (all UK) Person to swim 12 Jul\u2013 Lewis Pugh (UK; see it\u00a0lengthways 29 Aug 2018 opposite) *No life jacket **Napoleonic soldier Giovan Maria Salati (ITA) may have escaped a prison barge off Dover and swum to Boulogne c. Jul\/Aug 1815 Sources: Channel Swimming Association, Channel Swimming & Piloting Federation (CS&PF), International Ice Swimming Association (IISA), Irish Long Distance Swimming Association (ILDSA) and World Open Water Swimming Association (WOWSA) 1958 1960 First dive to the Challenger Deep by a crewed vessel First crossing of the Jacques Piccard (CHE; left, 1961 First person in space Antarctic continent rear) and Donald Walsh (USA) Soviet cosmonaut Flight Major Led by Vivian Ernest pilot the Swiss-built US Navy Yuri Gagarin performs the Fuchs (UK), a 12-strong bathyscaphe Trieste to a \ufb01rst manned spaceflight in party completes the trek depth of 10,911\u00a0m (35,797\u00a0ft) Vostok\u00a01 on 12\u00a0Apr. Gagarin at 1:47\u00a0p.m. on 2 Mar. on 23\u00a0Jan. (Discover more completes a single orbit of Their journey of 3,473 km about the Challenger Deep Earth, covering 40,868\u00a0km (2,158\u00a0mi) begins on 24\u00a0Nov \u2013 the deepest point in the (25,394\u00a0mi) in 1\u00a0hr 48\u00a0min, 1957 and lasts 99 days. sea \u2013 as well as more recent before landing in what expeditions to have explored is now Kazakhstan. it on pp.160\u201361.) 151","ADVENTURERS Ocean Rowing First person to row across the Youngest person to row the First team of three brothers to row any ocean South\u00a0Paci\ufb01c Ocean (west to east) Mid-Paci\ufb01c (east\u00a0to\u00a0west) Ewan, Jamie and Lachlan Maclean (all UK) Between 6\u00a0Dec 2018 and 9\u00a0May Michael Prendergast (UK, b.\u00a018\u00a0Apr 1995) took part in the 2019 Talisker Whisky Atlantic 2019, Russian explorer Fyodor was aged 23\u00a0years 50 days when he set Challenge, rowing the Atlantic Ocean east to west Konyukhov rowed from Port out\u00a0on 7\u00a0Jun 2018 for the annual Great from La Gomera to Antigua in BROAR. The Scottish Chalmers in New Zealand to the Paci\ufb01c Race. Together with his \u201cUniting siblings \ufb01nished the race in third place in 35\u00a0days Diego Ram\u00edrez Islands off Chile. He Nations\u201d teammates \u2013 Robert Behny, 9\u00a0hr 9\u00a0min. They were raising money for the covered 4,036\u00a0nautical\u00a0mi (7,475\u00a0km; Evan\u00a0Buckland and Jordan Godoy \u2013 Feedback Madagascar and Children 1st charities. 4,644\u00a0mi) in 154\u00a0days 13\u00a0hr 37\u00a0min. Prendergast\u00a0rowed Isabel from Monterey At the start of his trip, Konyukhov in\u00a0California to Waikiki in Hawaii, USA. the race in second place in Danielle, after (b.\u00a012\u00a0Dec 1951) was aged 66\u00a0years They\u00a0arrived on 27\u00a0Jul\u00a02018, winning a journey lasting 62\u00a0days 18\u00a0hr\u00a036\u00a0min. 359\u00a0days \u2013 the oldest person the\u00a0race in a time of\u00a049\u00a0days 23\u00a0hr 15\u00a0min. Along the way, they had to contend with to\u00a0row\u00a0solo across the Paci\ufb01c. 12-m (40-ft) waves, sharks and hurricanes. Youngest team of three to row any ocean They became the \ufb01rst team of three to Megan Hoskin (UK, b.\u00a025\u00a0Dec 1983), Caroline row\u00a0the\u00a0Mid-Paci\ufb01c\u00a0(east to west). Lander (UK, b.\u00a021\u00a0Aug 1989) and Eleanor Carey (AUS, b.\u00a021\u00a0Aug 1989) had a combined age of 33,617\u00a0days (92 years 14 days) at the start of the Great Paci\ufb01c Race on 7\u00a0Jun 2018. The team \u2013 \u201cPaci\ufb01c Terri\ufb01c\u201d \u2013 \ufb01nished First person to row solo Most solo ocean rows First registered blind person to around\u00a0Great\u00a0Britain On 14\u00a0Jun 2019, Emmanuel Coindre (FRA) row\u00a0the\u00a0Mid-Paci\ufb01c (east to west) On 4\u00a0Nov 2018, Andrew Hodgson (UK) completed his seventh solo ocean row when he Former Royal Marine Steve Sparks (UK) arrived back at the Tower of London in arrived in Onoff at D\u00e9grad des Cannes in French suffered a dramatic loss of eyesight the UK having rowed around the coast of Guiana. It had taken him 58\u00a0days to cross the following a diving incident. He teamed up Great Britain in 175\u00a0days 2\u00a0hr 51\u00a0min. He Atlantic from Dakar, Senegal \u2013 the \ufb01fth time he with Michael Dawson for the 2018 Great had departed on 13\u00a0May on board Spirit of had crossed that ocean. Coindre has also rowed the Paci\ufb01c Race and the pair arrived in Waikiki Ahab. After 146\u00a0days at sea, Hodgson paused Paci\ufb01c and the Indian, and traversed the Atlantic in Bojangles on 28\u00a0Aug. Their journey had for 10\u00a0days in Grimsby, Lincolnshire \u2013 he a\u00a0further time in a leg-powered hydrocycle. lasted 82\u00a0days 13\u00a0hr 54\u00a0min. Sparks could resupplied food but did not disembark. make out the sky and the sea but could not discern waves, making the journey all the In the last few weeks of his journey, more challenging. The \ufb01rst registered- Hodgson frequently crossed paths with blind ocean rower was Alan Lock (UK), Ross\u00a0Edgley (UK), who was completing the who\u00a0rowed the Atlantic in 2008. \ufb01rst stage swim around\u00a0Great Britain. First brother and sister team A number of records have been set during the Talisker Whisky Atlantic to row across an ocean Challenge \u2013 a (now-annual) race from the Canary Islands to the West Indies. Anna (UK\/USA) and Cameron McLean (UK) joined forces to Oldest pair to row 61\u00a0years 287\u00a0days Peter Ketley and take part in the 2019 Talisker across any ocean (average age) Neil\u00a0Young\u00a0(both UK) Whisky Atlantic Challenge. \u201cThe Seablings\u201d rowed Lily from Fastest row across 3.59\u00a0knots Stuart Watts, Richard east to west across the Atlantic the\u00a0Atlantic (6.64 km\/h) Taylor, George Biggar and Ocean, from La Gomera in the Canary Islands to Antigua. They Peter\u00a0Robinson (all UK) crossed the \ufb01nish line in 18th position, in a time of 43\u00a0days Fastest pair 2.85\u00a0knots Max Thorpe and 15\u00a0hr 22\u00a0min. (5.27 km\/h) David\u00a0Spelman (both UK) Fastest trio (female) 2.14\u00a0knots Maureen O\u2019Brien, (3.96 km\/h) Bridie\u00a0\u201cBird\u201d Watts and Claire\u00a0Allinson (all UK) Fastest team of \ufb01ve 2.96 knots Kevin Gaskell, William (5.48 km\/h) Hollingshead, Samuel Coxon, Christopher Hodgson and Matthew Gaskell (all UK) A BRIEF HISTORY OF ADVENTURE Source: Ocean Rowing Society. All records in the open\/classic category 1963 1965 1969 1969 First woman in space First spacewalk First person to sail First people on the Moon On 16 Jun, Soviet cosmonaut On 18\u00a0Mar, Soviet around the world On 20\u00a0Jul, NASA astronaut Valentina Tereshkova takes off Lieutenant-Colonel (solo, non-stop) Neil Armstrong steps down in Vostok 6 from the Baikonur Alexei Leonov spends On 22\u00a0Apr, Robin from the Eagle module and Cosmodrome. She completes a 12\u00a0min 9\u00a0sec outside the Knox-Johnston (UK) walks on the lunar surface, flight of 2 days 22 hr 50 min and Voskhod\u00a02 spacecraft. returns to Falmouth closely followed by Buzz orbits Earth 48 times. His spacesuit inflates in Cornwall, UK, as Aldrin (left, both USA). in the vacuum of space the only remaining Crewmate Michael Collins 152 and he has to release a competitor in the remains in orbit around valve in order to return Sunday Times Golden the\u00a0Moon. inside his capsule. Globe Race. He had set out on 14\u00a0Jun 1968.","east-to-west row across the Atlantic. It took ADVENTURERS Haitzmann 59 days 8\u00a0hr 22 min to complete the journey from La Gomera to Antigua First Ocean Explorers between 12\u00a0Dec 2018 and 9 Feb 2019 on Grand Slam board Cosimo. Fiann Paul (ISL) has rowed on the Atlantic (2011), Longest time rowing non-stop solo Fastest to row the Mid-Paci\ufb01c (east Indian (2014), Mid-Paci\ufb01c across\u00a0an\u00a0ocean to\u00a0west) in the Classic Pair category (2016), Arctic Ocean On 8\u00a0Jun 2019, Jacob Adoram (USA) arrived at The team \u201cSons of the Paci\ufb01c\u201d \u2013 Louis Bird open waters (2017) and Trinity Beach in Queensland, Australia, after an (UK) and Erden Eru\u00e7 (USA\/TUR) \u2013 rowed Antarctic Ocean (2019, epic solo row lasting 335\u00a0days 22\u00a0hr 30\u00a0min. The 2,090\u00a0nautical mi (3,870\u00a0km; 2,405 mi) on see below). All bar the veteran \ufb01ghter pilot had set out from Neah Bay board Yves from Monterey in California to last of these comprise in\u00a0Washington, USA, on 7\u00a0Jul 2018, and rowed O\u2019ahu in Hawaii, USA, between 5\u00a0Jun and the most ocean rowing the\u00a0Paci\ufb01c from east to west in Emerson. 29\u00a0Jul 2016, achieving an average speed speed records held over the 54 days of 1.61 knots (2.98 km\/h; simultaneously on 1.85\u00a0mph). Louis is the son of Peter Bird different oceans \u2013 four. (UK), who, in 1983, became the \ufb01rst person to row solo across the Paci\ufb01c. Louis\u2019 row was in memory of his father, who died attempting another Paci\ufb01c crossing in 1996. Fastest row across the Atlantic More \u201cImpossible Row\u201d records 13\u201325 Dec Fiann Paul (ISL), by a\u00a0pair (female, east to west) First row on the Southern Ocean \u201cWhale of a Time\u201d, comprising Jemma Rix First row to the Antarctic continent 2019 Colin O\u2019Brady and Lauren Woodwiss (both UK), spent 50\u00a0days 5\u00a0hr 53\u00a0min rowing in Boudicea Most southerly start (USA), from La Gomera in the Canary Islands to of a rowing expedition English Harbour in Antigua between 12\u00a0Dec Most southerly latitude reached Andrew Towne 2018 and 31\u00a0Jan 2019. The pair, who met by\u00a0a\u00a0rowing vessel as students at the University of Reading\u2019s First person to row in the open waters (USA), hockey club, were competing in the Talisker of\u00a0both\u00a0polar regions Whisky Atlantic Challenge race and beat Most polar open water rows Cameron Bellamy the\u00a0previous record by just over one hour. completed\u00a0by a rower Source: Ocean Rowing Society (ZAF), Youngest person to row any ocean solo Lukas Michael Haitzmann (UK\/ITA\/ 56.96\u00b0S Jamie Douglas- AUT, b.\u00a020\u00a0Apr 2000) was 18 years Hamilton (UK) and 236 days old at the start of his John Petersen 64.21\u00b0S (USA) 2017 & Fiann Paul 2019 3 First row across the Drake Passage On 25\u00a0Dec 2019, the \u201cImpossible Row\u201d team completed the \ufb01rst ever crossing by rowboat of the notoriously treacherous Drake Passage between Cape Horn in Chile and Charles Point on the Antarctic Peninsula. The crew \u2013 captain Fiann Paul (ISL, see above), \ufb01rst mate Colin O\u2019Brady (USA), Andrew Towne (USA), Cameron Bellamy (ZAF), Jamie Douglas-Hamilton (UK) and John Petersen (USA) \u2013 are pictured above receiving their\u00a0certi\ufb01cates at the GWR London of\ufb01ces. 1972 1978 First solo expedition First solo summit of Everest to the North Pole After a three-day climb from First woman to row an ocean Single-handedly, Naomi his\u00a0basecamp at 6,500\u00a0m Between 26\u00a0Apr 1971 and Uemura (JPN) completes a (21,325\u00a0ft), Reinhold Messner 22\u00a0Apr 1972, Sylvia Cook 770-km (478-mi) dog-sled (ITA) reaches the summit of and John Fairfax (both UK) journey to reach the North Everest on 20\u00a0Aug. He does not complete the \ufb01rst row across Pole on 29\u00a0Apr. He had set use bottled oxygen, making the the Paci\ufb01c in Britannia\u00a0II. out\u00a0on 5\u00a0Mar from Cape climb all the more impressive. Along the way, Cook saves Edward on\u00a0Ellesmere Island, Fairfax from a shark by hauling northern Canada. 1980 him back into the boat. 153","ADVENTURERS Around the World First circumnavigation The earliest known voyage around the globe took place 500\u00a0years ago. Discover the full story on p.146. First circumnavigation (female) Jeanne Baret (aka Bar\u00e9 or Barret, FRA) joined the explorer Louis- Antoine de Bougainville on his round-the-world scienti\ufb01c expedition in 1766\u201369. Women were not allowed on French Navy ships at the time, so Baret travelled in disguise as the \u201cmale\u201d valet of the expedition\u2019s naturalist Philibert Commerson. First solo circumnavigation First submarine circumnavigation First circumnavigation walking by balloon Between 24 Feb and 25 Apr 1960, George Matthew Schilling (USA, left) is reputed Between 19 Jun and 2 Jul 2002, the USS Triton made a submerged to have walked around the world between 1897 Steve Fossett (USA) \ufb02ew around the circuit of the world. Commanded by and 1904, reportedly prompted by a wager, world in Bud Light Spirit of Freedom, Capt.\u00a0Edward L Beach, the nuclear-powered although his feat was not veri\ufb01ed. The \ufb01rst veri\ufb01ed a 42.6-m-tall (140-ft) mixed-gas military submarine sailed 49,491\u00a0km circumnavigation on foot was by David Kunst balloon. He took off from Northam, (26,723\u00a0nautical\u00a0mi; 30,752\u00a0mi) in 60 days (USA, right) between 20\u00a0Jun 1970 and 5\u00a0Oct 1974. Western Australia, and landed at 21\u00a0hr, starting and ending at the St Peter and He walked 23,250\u00a0km (14,450\u00a0mi), covering four Eromanga in Queensland, Australia, Paul Rocks in the mid-Atlantic Ocean. continents. His brother John, who had set out having \ufb02own a total distance of with him on the trip, died en route in Afghanistan. 33,195\u00a0km (20,627\u00a0mi). First surface circumnavigation via both Poles First circumnavigation by aircraft Sir Ranulph Fiennes and Charles Burton Two US Army Douglas DWC (both UK) of the British Trans-Globe seaplanes circled the globe in Expedition travelled south from Greenwich, 57\u00a0\u201chops\u201d from 6 Apr to 28\u00a0Sep 1924. London, UK, on 2 Sep 1979, crossing The Chicago was piloted by Lowell the South Pole on 15 Dec 1980 and the H Smith (below right, with co-pilot North Pole on 10 Apr 1982. They returned to Greenwich on 29 Aug 1982, having Leslie Arnold) completed a 56,000-km (35,000-mi) journey. and the New Orleans by Erik Nelson and co-pilot Jack Harding (all USA). W\ufb01(na2a4iss6n2shh,dT,t3ie3an\u00a0hc4d9rgeo5t8tievfno\u00a0\u00a0mledkniSgrmi,aeeh)U.ndatdsSttAle, , First circumnavigation by car A BRIEF HISTORY OF ADVENTURE Racing driver Clara Eleonore \u201cCl\u00e4renore\u201d Stinnes (DEU, third from right), accompanied by Swedish \ufb01lm-maker Carl-Axel S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m (far right), left Frankfurt, Germany, on 25\u00a0May 1927 in a three-speed, 50-hp Adler Standard\u00a06 automobile. On 24\u00a0Jun 1929 \u2013 2\u00a0years 30\u00a0days later \u2013 they arrived in Berlin, Germany, having driven 46,063\u00a0km (28,622\u00a0mi). They married a year later. 1986 1986 1987 Patrick Morrow (CAN) summits The \ufb01rst person to On 2\u20133 Jul, Richard Branson Puncak Jaya on Indonesia and (UK, pictured top) and Per becomes the \ufb01rst person to reach the North Pole Lindstrand (SWE, bottom) climb the Seven Summits. These solo is Dr Jean-Louis fly 4,947\u00a0km (3,074\u00a0mi) from are the highest points on each \u00c9tienne (FRA), who \u2013 Maine, USA, to Northern continent, according to the list without help from dogs Ireland, UK, in the Virgin drawn up by alpinist Reinhold but with resupplies Atlantic Flyer: the \ufb01rst Messner (which identi\ufb01es along the way \u2013 takes Oceania instead of Australia). 63\u00a0days to ski to the crossing of the Atlantic Pole dragging a sled. by\u00a0hot-air balloon. He averages 20\u00a0km 154 (12.4\u00a0mi) \u2013 or 8\u00a0hr of skiing \u2013 per day.","ADVENTURERS First circumnavigation by autogyro Fastest circumnavigation by bicycle First circumnavigation On 22 Sep 2019, James Ketchell (UK) completed Mark Beaumont (UK) made his second \u2013 by solar-powered boat a\u00a0175-day \ufb02ight around the world, having travelled and fastest \u2013 transglobal cycle from 2\u00a0Jul to MS T\u00dbRANOR PlanetSolar (CHE) approximately 44,450 km (27,620 mi) in a Magni 18\u00a0Sep 2017. His 78-day 14-hr 40-min trip circumnavigated the world in M16C autogyro. His open-cockpit aircraft has a began and ended in Paris, France. a westward direction from the top\u00a0speed of 129\u00a0km\/h (80\u00a0mph), around half that principality of Monaco in 1\u00a0year of\u00a0the average helicopter. The \u00a0female record is 124 days 11\u00a0hr, 220\u00a0days from 27\u00a0Sep 2010 to 4\u00a0May by fellow Scottish cyclist Jenny Graham 2012 on solar power only. The boat (UK). She left Berlin, Germany, on 16\u00a0Jun had accumulated 32,410\u00a0nautical\u00a0mi 2018 and returned on 18\u00a0Oct. (60,023\u00a0km; 37,296\u00a0mi) by the time it returned to Monaco. Lloyd Edward Collier and Louis Paul Snellgrove (both UK) completed the \u00a0fastest circumnavigation by tandem bicycle in 281\u00a0days 22\u00a0hr 20\u00a0min from 7\u00a0Aug 2018 to 16 May 2019. The start and end point was Adelaide, Australia. Youngest person to circumnavigate the globe by motorcycle Kane Avellano (UK, b.\u00a020 Jan 1993) \ufb01nished his epic round-the-world trip at the town hall in South Shields, Tyne and Wear, UK, on\u00a019\u00a0Jan 2017 aged 23\u00a0years 365\u00a0days. Fastest circumnavigation by car First solo The record for the \ufb01rst and fastest man circumnavigation and woman to have circumnavigated using human power the Earth by car covering six continents Erden Eru\u00e7 (TUR) rowed, under the rules applicable in 1989 and 1991 kayaked, hiked and embracing more than an equator\u2019s length cycled around the world of driving (24,901 road miles; 40,075\u00a0km), between 10 Jul 2007 and is held by Saloo Choudhury and his wife 21 Jul 2012. His journey Neena Choudhury (both India). The journey lasted 5\u00a0years 11\u00a0days took 69\u00a0days 19 hours 5 minutes from 12\u00a0hr 22\u00a0min, starting and 9\u00a0September to 17\u00a0November 1989. The \ufb01nishing at Bodega Bay in couple drove a 1989 Hindustan \u201cContessa California, USA. He cycled Classic\u201d starting and \ufb01nishing in Delhi, India. across three continents (North America, Australia Fastest circumnavigation and Africa) and rowed three by helicopter (female) oceans (the Paci\ufb01c, Indian Sixty-year-old Jennifer Murray (UK, and Atlantic). b.\u00a0USA) piloted her Robinson R44 helicopter around the world solo in 99 days from 31\u00a0May to 6\u00a0Sep 2000. The journey started and \ufb01nished at Brooklands air\ufb01eld in Surrey, UK, and crossed 30 countries. Youngest person to complete a solo circumnavigation by aircraft Mason Andrews (USA, b. 26 Apr 2000) was aged 18\u00a0years 163 days when he \ufb01nished his round-the-world \ufb02ight on 6\u00a0Oct 2018 at Monroe in Louisiana, USA. The journey took him 76 days. The oldest person to achieve this feat is Fred Lasby (USA, b. 28\u00a0May 1912), who completed his solo trip around the globe aged 82 years 84 days. His journey lasted from 30 Jun to 20 Aug 1994, beginning and ending at Fort Myers in Florida, USA. Kay Cottee (AUS) becomes the 1988 1989 \ufb01rst woman to sail around the world solo and non-stop, On 17 Jan, Shirley Metz and Victoria Tim Macartney-Snape (AUS) making the 189-day voyage \u201cTori\u201d Murden (both USA) become makes history by becoming the unassisted in her 11-m the \ufb01rst women to reach the South \ufb01rst person to climb Everest (36-ft) yacht First Lady. She Pole by land. They had departed from from sea level. Over a three- had departed from Sydney, Hercules Inlet off the Ronne Ice Shelf month period, he treks from Australia, on 29\u00a0Nov 1987 on 27\u00a0Nov 1988, reaching the Pole the coast of India to the top of and arrived back on 5\u00a0Jun using skis and snowmobiles. Everest \u2013 all without the use the\u00a0following year. of\u00a0bottled oxygen or Sherpas. 1990 155","ADVENTURERS Epic Journeys \ufb02ying an electric helicopter a distance of 56.8 km (35.3\u00a0mi) on 7\u00a0Dec 2018. The \ufb02ight took place in Los\u00a0Alamitos, California, USA. By cycle rickshaw\/pedicab First person to cross the English Channel Between 1 Jun and 17 Sep 2018, Len by paramotor (female) Collingwood (UK) travelled 6,248.28\u00a0km On 5\u00a0Dec 2016, Sacha Dench (UK) \ufb02ew a powered (3,882.50 mi) by rickshaw. Starting paraglider across the English Channel. She set off in Edinburgh, UK, he passed through at 11\u00a0a.m. from Saint-Inglevert in France, arriving 12\u00a0countries, ending in Istanbul, Turkey. at 12.38\u00a0p.m. in Dover, Kent, UK. It was part of a 7,000-km (4,350-mi) trip following endangered By electric vehicle (prototype) Bewick\u2019s swans (Cygnus columbianus) on their winter Car-maker Aiways (CHN) drove their U5 migration from Russia. electric SUV 15,022\u00a0km (9,334.24\u00a0mi) between Xi\u2019an in Shaanxi, China, and Frankfurt in Germany from 17\u00a0Jul and 7\u00a0Sep 2019. Longest journey By 50-cc scooter by electric skateboard Michael Reid (USA) and Yonatan Belik Between 19 and 31\u00a0May 2019, Daniel (ISR) \u2013 founders of the Wheeling for the Roduner (left) and Dwayne Kelly World (W4W) collective \u2013 rode a pair of (both AUS) rode their battery- 50-cc scooters 15,925.41\u00a0km (9,895.59\u00a0mi) powered skateboards 1,036.42\u00a0km through\u00a0the 48\u00a0contiguous states of the (644\u00a0mi) across Texas, USA. Their USA.\u00a0They started on 7\u00a0Sep 2019 and trip raised funds for Melanoma \ufb01nished on 19\u00a0Nov, opting where possible Patients Australia. to\u00a0take backroads. Most countries visited in 24 hours FASTEST TIME TO\u2026 by\u00a0kick\u00a0scooter Felix Frenzel (DEU) scooted through Fastest solo road 100 km by bicycle Travel the Thames by \ufb01ve\u00a0countries on 3\u00a0Aug 2019. Beginning in As rati\ufb01ed by the World UltraCycling Association, tandem stand-up paddleboard (SUP) Montespluga, Italy, he called by Switzerland, Marcello Danese (ITA) cycled 100\u00a0km (62\u00a0mi) in Mark Horne and James Smith (both UK) Liechtenstein and Austria, ending in Lindau, 2\u00a0hr 45\u00a0min 35\u00a0sec on 23\u00a0Aug 2019. He beat the negotiated the Thames, the UK\u2019s second- Germany. He covered some 160\u00a0km (100\u00a0mi). previous record by more than 8\u00a0min. The record- longest river, in 2\u00a0days 9\u00a0hr\u00a020 min. breaking ride took place in Verona, Italy. They set out on 15\u00a0Jul 2019 in Lechlade, Oldest person to cross Canada Gloucestershire, reaching Teddington by bicycle (female) Lock\u00a0in south-west London two days later. Lynnea Salvo (USA, b. 21\u00a0Sep\u00a01949) was 68\u00a0years 339 days old Longest journey by when she cycled into scooter and sidecar Lawrencetown Beach From 21 Jul 2017 to in Nova Scotia, Canada, 20\u00a0Jan 2019, Matt Bishop on 26\u00a0Aug 2018. She\u2019d set (far left) and Reece off from\u00a0To\ufb01no in British Gilkes (both UK) rode for Columbia\u00a0on 18\u00a0Jun. 54,962\u00a0km (34,151.8\u00a0mi) through 35\u00a0countries FARTHEST JOURNEY\u2026 and \ufb01ve continents. The purpose of their trip was By electric helicopter (prototype) to generate awareness Martine Rothblatt, Lung of modern slavery and Biotechnology, Tier 1 raise funds for the charity Engineering and Ric Webb Unseen UK. The pair \u2013 who (all USA) collaborated on had no biking experience prior to their trip \u2013 took turns in the driving seat. A BRIEF HISTORY OF ADVENTURE 1994 1995 1997 1998 First completion of the Adventurers Grand Slam First person to complete First solo crossing of First mother and son This challenge involves the Three Poles Challenge the Paci\ufb01c by balloon to row an ocean climbing the highest peak Having reached the North Pole on Starting from the Jan Meek and Daniel on every continent and 8\u00a0May 1990 and the South Pole Olympic Stadium in Byles (both UK) row the trekking to both poles. on 7\u00a0Jan 1993, Erling Kagge (NOR) Seoul, South Korea, Atlantic\u00a0east to west, from David Hempleman-Adams completes this trio by summitting Steve Fossett (USA) flies Los Gigantes in the Canary (UK), who began his Everest on 8\u00a0May 1994. over the Paci\ufb01c Ocean Islands to Barbados in the quest in 1980 by climbing between 17 and 21\u00a0Feb Caribbean, between 12\u00a0Oct Denali in Alaska, USA, 156 1995. He touches 1997 and\u00a021\u00a0Jan 1998. \ufb01nishes 18\u00a0years later down in Mendham in in\u00a0May\u00a01998 by reaching Saskatchewan, Canada. the North Pole.","ADVENTURERS Fastest crossing of Fly from Land\u2019s End to John o\u2019 Groats Fastest journey from Land\u2019s End Lake Baikal on foot by powered paramotor to John o\u2019 Groats by triplet bicycle Michael Stevenson James Du Pavey (UK) \ufb02ew the length of the Robert Fenwick, Alexander Lord and James Tyson (all UK, left (UK) walked and UK in 1\u00a0day 12 hr 19\u00a0min on 8\u20139 Jul 2019. to\u00a0right) rode their three-person cycle the length of the UK skied the length of the in 6\u00a0days 9\u00a0hr 35\u00a0min. Their journey lasted from 16 to 22\u00a0Jun frozen Lake Baikal Cycle the length of\u2026 2019. The three cyclists, who \ufb01rst met at school, surpassed in Siberia, Russia, in \u2022 Japan: From 19 to 26\u00a0Jul 2018, Hiroki the previous record by almost four hours, despite two lengthy 11\u00a0days 14\u00a0hr 11\u00a0min. Nagaseki (JPN) cycled south from Cape S\u014dya setbacks caused by tyre punctures. He embarked on his on Hokkaid\u014d to Cape Sata on Ky\u016bsh\u016b in 652.3-km (405.3-mi) a time of 7 days 19\u00a0hr\u00a037\u00a0min. solo expedition \u2022 India: Vikas Lnu (IND) cycled from from Kultuk in the Srinagar in northern India to Cape Comorin south on 25\u00a0Feb in the south in 10 days 3 hr 32 min. His ride 2020 and reached lasted from 25\u00a0Oct to 4\u00a0Nov 2018. Nizhneangarsk in the north on 7\u00a0Mar, pulling Su\ufb01ya Khan (IND) covered the same a 66.3-kg (146-lb) pulk distance by foot in 87 days 2\u00a0hr 17\u00a0min from of supplies. 25\u00a0Apr to 21 Jul 2019 \u2013 the fastest time to walk the length of India (female). \u2022 The Pan-American Highway: Between 23\u00a0Jul and 16\u00a0Oct 2018, Michael Stresser (AUT) cycled from Prudhoe Bay in Alaska, USA, to Ushuaia in Argentina, covering the 22,642-km (14,069-mi) route in just 84\u00a0days 11\u00a0hr 50\u00a0min. En route, he also broke the South America record, crossing the continent north to south in 41 days 41 min. Fastest solo circumnavigation of Australia a\ufb01traroL7skui\u00a0tsihnn2awrdg5b2o\u00a0A1Je1m8unc\u00a0Omalt3a\u00a0a2nnm\u00a0idrn0tcae.1oty7tissch,aaei,l by sail boat (monohull) As con\ufb01rmed by the World Sailing Speed Record Council, the speediest single-handed, non-stop circumnavigation of Australia in a monohull vessel took 58 days 2\u00a0hr 25\u00a0min, by Lisa Blair (AUS). She set out from d\u2019Albora Marinas Rushcutters Bay in Sydney Harbour on 20\u00a0Oct 2018 and returned there on 17\u00a0Dec. 1999 2000 First women to reach both poles On 5\u00a0May, Catherine Hartley First solo row across First non-motorized 2001 and Fiona Thornewill (both UK) any ocean (female) circumnavigation along reach the North Pole, having Victoria \u201cTori\u201d Murden (USA) the Equator previously skied to the South arrives at the Caribbean island Mike Horn (ZAF) circles Pole between 5\u00a0Nov 1999 and of Guadeloupe on 3\u00a0Dec, having the Equator in 513\u00a0days 4\u00a0Jan 2000. Fiona\u2019s husband rowed across the Atlantic Ocean between 2\u00a0Jun 1999 and Mike (UK) is also a member of in 81\u00a0days 7\u00a0hr 31\u00a0min. She\u2019d 27\u00a0Oct 2000. Horn travels both expeditions, making them started out from Tenerife in the by bicycle, dugout canoe, the \ufb01rst married couple to reach Canary Islands on 13\u00a0Sep. sailing trimaran and on foot. both poles. He ends where he started, near Libreville in Gabon, 157 on\u00a0Africa\u2019s west coast.","ADVENTURERS Round-Up Most climbs over 8,000\u00a0m named National Geographic separated by an elevation without bottled oxygen Adventurers of the Year after of 10,910\u00a0m (35,794\u00a0ft). He Denis Urubko (KAZ\/RUS) abandoning their expedition climbed Everest (8,848\u00a0m; has made 20 ascents of to K2 to aid stricken climbers 29,029\u00a0ft) \ufb01ve\u00a0times, lastly in mountains higher than nearby. Had they not done 2013. Then, on 18 Mar 2019, 8,000\u00a0m (26,246\u00a0ft) without so, they would have made the he descended to 2,062\u00a0m supplementary oxygen. \ufb01rst summit of K2 in winter. (6,765\u00a0ft) below sea level in He began with Everest on the Mponeng gold mine in 24\u00a0May 2000 and \ufb01nished Highest and lowest points Gauteng, South Africa. (See with Kangchenjunga on visited on land the \ufb01rst person to reach 19\u00a0May 2014. In 2019, he David Tait (UK) has visited Earth\u2019s highest and lowest and Adam Bielecki were points in the timeline below.) two points on Earth Oldest person to sail around the world solo and non-stop (female) Jeanne Socrates (UK, b. 17\u00a0Aug 1942) was aged 76\u00a0years 47\u00a0days at the start of her successful circumnavigation under sail on 3\u00a0Oct 2018. The oldest is Bill Hat\ufb01eld (AUS, b. 14\u00a0Jan 1939). He was 80\u00a0years 145\u00a0days old when he sailed westabout, arriving back at The Spit in Gold Coast, Australia, on 22 Feb 2020, aged 81 years 39 days. Highest-altitude... First person to walk the 6,000\u20139,000 m (19,680\u2013 \u2022 Dinner party: 7,056 m (23,149 ft), length of the Yangtze river 29,500 ft), is the jet stream at North Col in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Ash Dykes (UK) walked the (see p.38): meandering air China, on 30\u00a0Apr 2018. The diners included (left length of China\u2019s 6,437-km- currents that can travel at to right above) Nima Kanchha Sherpa (NPL), -long (3,999-mi) Yangtze around 400\u00a0km\/h (250\u00a0mph). Jane Chynoweth (AUS), Sadie Whitelocks and from 26\u00a0Aug 2018 to 12\u00a0Aug Marc Hauser (CHE) became Neil Laughton (both UK). 2019. The Yangtze is the the \ufb01rst person to skydive \u2022 Harp recital: 4,954 m (16,253\u00a0ft), by Siobhan world\u2019s third-longest river. into these fast-\ufb02owing winds Brady (IRL) with Desmond Gentle and Anna Ray near Forbes, Australia, on (both UK) at Singla Pass, India, on 6\u00a0Sep 2018. First skydive into 30\u00a0Jun 2018. He dived from a \u2022 Dance party: 5,892 m (19,330\u00a0ft), organized by an the jet stream hot-air balloon at an altitude eight-person US team including Keith, Emma and High above the Earth\u2019s of 7,400\u00a0m (24,270\u00a0ft). JoJo Rinzler et al, at the top of Mount Kilimanjaro in surface, at an altitude of Tanzania on 4\u00a0Aug 2019. Owing to the spread of COVID-19, Marsden and Dixon had to speed up their schedule to \ufb01nish their round-the- world cycle before European borders closed. Fastest circumnavigation by tandem bicycle Nurse consultant Rachael Marsden (near right) and her friend Catherine Dixon (both UK) cycled the world on a tandem bicycle in 263\u00a0days 8\u00a0hr 7\u00a0min from 29\u00a0Jun 2019 to 18\u00a0Mar 2020. They rode their pink two-seater, named Alice, across \ufb01ve\u00a0continents, covering more than 28,960\u00a0km (18,000\u00a0mi). The ride raised \u00a337,265 ($45,260) for Oxfam and the Motor Neurone Disease Association. A BRIEF HISTORY OF ADVENTURE First circumnavigation 2004 First person to complete 2006 by balloon solo the Explorers Grand Slam Steve Fossett (USA) Fastest circumnavigation Park Young-seok (KOR) First circumnavigation circles the globe in sailing non-stop, reaches the North Pole on sailing non-stop, Bud Light Spirit of westbound, solo (male) 30\u00a0Apr. He had previously westbound, solo Freedom, a 42.6-m-tall Jean-Luc Van Den Heede reached the South Pole and (female) (140-ft) mixed-gas (FRA) sails the globe in climbed the Seven\u00a0Summits Dee Caffari (UK) takes balloon, between 122\u00a0days 14\u00a0hr 3\u00a0min (the highest point on each 178 days 3 hr 5 min 19\u00a0Jun and 2\u00a0Jul. He 49\u00a0sec in Adrien. He of\u00a0the seven continents). 34\u00a0sec to circle the covers a distance of crosses the Lizard Point- globe in her monohull 33,195 km (20,626 mi). Ushant \ufb01nishing line 2005 Aviva. She arrives into on 9 Mar, having set Portsmouth, UK, on 2002 off on 7\u00a0Nov 2003. 18\u00a0May, having left there on 20\u00a0Nov 2005. 158","ADVENTURERS Oldest person to row an ocean (female) Swim 100\u00a0km in open water Youngest person to reach the South Pole On 12\u00a0Dec 2019, Sara Brewer (b. 12 Jan 1956) was On 29\u00a0Jul 2019, Pablo 63\u00a0years 355\u00a0days old when she set off to cross the solo,\u00a0unsupported and unassisted Atlantic with her 35-year-old rowing partner, Ann Fern\u00e1ndez \u00c1lvarez (ESP) Matthieu Tordeur (FRA, b. 4 Dec 1991) was Prestidge (both UK). Their 86-day trip, as the \u201cRow swam 100\u00a0km (62\u00a0mi) 27\u00a0years 40\u00a0days old when he completed this feat of off the Wall\u201d team, came during the Talisker Whisky in 12\u00a0hr 21\u00a0min 14\u00a0sec individual endurance. His trek from Hercules Inlet Atlantic Challenge. Leaving from the Canary Islands, in the waters off the coast of to the South Pole ended on 13 Jan 2019. Tordeur\u2019s they reached Antigua in the Caribbean on 7\u00a0Mar Jupiter in southern Florida, most terrifying moment came on day one, when 2020 \u2013 the eve of International Women\u2019s Day. (See USA. He dedicated his feat he fell into a hole up to his waist! p.80 for the oldest person to row an ocean solo.) to promoting the cause of ocean\u00a0conservation. (For Greatest distance skied in Antarctica FASTEST TIME TO\u2026 Visit all European capital another of his extreme swims, see p.151.) solo, unsupported and unassisted Become an \u201cIron Iceman\u201d cities by scheduled Richard Parks (UK) single-handedly Alexandre Fuzeau (FRA) Ski solo, unsupported skied 3,700 km (2,299\u00a0mi) during was the \ufb01rst person to \ufb01nish surface transport four Antarctic expeditions from an Ice Mile swim and a full Glen Burmeister (UK) took and unassisted to Hercules Inlet to the Geographic IRONMAN\u00ae triathlon in a 24\u00a0days 22\u00a0hr 6\u00a0min to visit South Pole between 18 Dec 2012 calendar year. The feat took all 43 European capitals. He the South Pole and 15 Jan 2020. him 198 days. He swam an started in Valletta (Malta) Anja Blacha (DEU) took Ice Mile under International on 9\u00a0Nov 2019 and \ufb01nished 57\u00a0days 18\u00a0hr 50\u00a0min to His quartet of expeditions to date also Ice Swimming Association in Reykjav\u00edk (Iceland) ski from Berkner Island to includes two visits to the South Pole and regulations on 18\u00a0Jan 2019, on 3\u00a0Dec. He covered the South Pole, arriving on represents the most solo, unsupported and at a 4.97\u00b0C (40.94\u00b0F) pool in 25,554\u00a0km (15,879\u00a0mi) 8\u00a0Jan 2020. At the end of the unassisted journeys in Antarctica. Parks is Volendam, Netherlands. On using ground- and 1,400-km (870-mi) trek, she from Pontypridd in 4\u00a0Aug 2019, he completed water-based public planted a \ufb02ag at the pole Wales, hence the an IRONMAN triathlon in transport, and bearing her provocative Welsh national Hamburg, Germany. walked a\u00a0further campaign slogan: 145\u00a0km (90\u00a0mi). \u201cNot bad for a \ufb02ag in the girl \u2013 almost inset\u00a0picture. impossible for everyone else\u201d. Climb the highest points of Europe Adam Stevenson (UK) scaled geographical Europe\u2019s highest peaks in 173\u00a0days 20\u00a0hr 45\u00a0min, from 2\u00a0Apr to 23\u00a0Sep 2019. Prior to becoming an extreme endurance athlete, Parks played rugby union, appearing for the Barbarians and his home country (see right). 2006 2008 2012 First circumnavigation 2019 First person to reach Earth\u2019s using human power solo highest and lowest points First double amputee Fastest circumnavigation From 10 Jul 2007 to On 28\u00a0Apr, Victor Vescovo to climb Everest by helicopter 21\u00a0Jul 2012, Erden Eru\u00e7 (USA) reaches the Challenger Mark Inglis (NZ) Edward Kasprowicz and (TUR) rows, kayaks, Deep at the bottom of the reaches the summit co-pilot Steve Sheik (both hikes and cycles his way Paci\ufb01c Ocean in the deep-sea from the north side and USA) circle the globe in an around the world. His trip submersible Limiting Factor. with the aid of bottled AgustaWestland Grand takes 5 years 11 days He had climbed Everest on oxygen on 15\u00a0May. helicopter in 11\u00a0days 7\u00a0hr 12\u00a0hr 22 min. He cycles 24 May 2010. (To \ufb01nd out In 1982, his legs were 5\u00a0min, ending on 18\u00a0Aug. North America, Australia more, turn the page!) amputated below the They begin and end in and Africa, and rows knees after they had New York City, USA; the Paci\ufb01c, Indian and 159 become frostbitten. their average speed is Atlantic\u00a0oceans. 136\u00a0km\/h (84\u00a0mph).","ADVENTURERS ADVENTURERS HV1A00Li%LcWOtFoFArMVE escovoTthlhobeewyOCPrtenNehahCsglFceaeyatoeiiaxl\u00a0aodm\ufb01nkBlttcttenknhhcetnrhw2neTorniiaptoOore8trgsehaobvifoowtt\u00a0cseewsseeiAe(hmhtnwserehItgnhrDspaden\ufb01hasDt(aaauedssEreChdnpSe.mrIpgnebusEntsataAeisoo,OebeodcmhartewPntarouaiNd2hpeovndeneanpSrkndptiren0teefee)eathEaitlmO\ufb02detreeh2yspt1epw\u2013t.yodArsaorSic0w\u00a0IpaettoamavtiMefttstoeaaCahbh,tryo,ehseaebovwarnHVtalatetfsssepsooh.heanenohdyialrtsotA\u00a0TffPestlicm\ufb01ari)euweesutlsdh2L.t1lshtueswonrcllhtoIrr0tL\ufb010oeii2.eeyt.secHveerdivE1ps,twBr0rfVett9nh\ufb01aefhto9sMiNihotAf1uono2stssloirtu,1Tuoi9eGutorcrd5iSaavntsss1rnrRtlclfEnhlte\u00a0rcestdcott\u00a0emhCoottokeiodRhhesdrhuuwinihcruhaarmcsendfieofnoocl(artaeaamedeceo3iOVdehnnEtdalfsvnvlToig(rd5luaax6ntecleaeetey(rmt22r,lehooSnnel.cmdh8rsgpdoe54e\u20138iefeoatgeesc4ejnnncld\u00a0\u00a0u\u00a0whpVeoeuMAanmr,obo3rcetbrsno\u2019ieiantt\u2019iuosneor\u00a0h,nvcsaiotahfiitfsndwnfgt)ehattn\ufb01orttMeitirtto)rdM,bhvghnrstovh2r2oaeprhio(roaeysenepnm0amr0iU\u2019tatfeoasmlllssuehe11oloCphcOvwtirocS\u201coaerr9oneh2wwocaeihsFafachyencxAd,f,ueet\ufb01nApheiaeihvwcatttpDavgr)itcenavhhtvihlhlpeinosienhchelunleinnaeeeleeaesesahroestetsDvoedlr)gn,nehTsMl\ufb01.nntipguoaaeieemmveusdtsTrgetn,ungcnyiaenVeuduiErecthbaradCehhipd\u2019raeifcbtsd,rcosebeadkciahsukhatfmtJoalep\u201ccoytDeicrouemoaaEeonnEcrdopeaeflteb\ufb01lveiisrxaelegamailthon,orhtora.eelstpairsidtihsmiaTwA\u2019ttnsintp1inoetTtenseissnrieeric9bg.eaibtd-or2m.etsnesogrnmrVm6edlcehatni3leunnoEtahcryhp0nicttibi.acbscMhm.osaeoaketDPcv(ytkshertnsdhsrasooiaeaeettseeiuo\u201drionrgeh.wrsineml\u2019cltaps1\u2019oJ\u201doeshbi8a;oLndted7moti.meli5oveiwestis)n. g 1 wLChiomhidfcpatiehterleienlnwpesgntasdaAFgusikaevrppecreeootscDoalsuyrttieo,tpseeiatsospxyfhntlt.rieroSeekerwdunemibetottsemhhucveitduassiepesriopd,fiintnfteehteocrsts.tohfe","FHignaudlilnoounf tFemsasmowreeosraelbcdotriueotcnVoairctdtwos.rwciownm.th\/2e021 1T:ahsVacceiLomcic\u201cealt2oFlnoohDam:ainrtebetvVilDgyhaposeeoib,netcanpaeorDapstn3adgte\ufb01dt,odrteht:yhphheerhrwiiiebeOvvvyn.esstiTiipriregheeTssrsintgt8shesdc4eshhahcittec.,ta2ienaEhea8:tere(bfsoSeJk4n2poafAec4xabeasnyaytbaoet4nmhehta8pewMutmcglrderpDo,re5nlsx-mqei41trEaeebaimsKfloaor.a:ddaudwl6Tt4seydaoeTooHn1aVcatimtiue\u00a0D2rtpa(tAvrttnuu,ut2nrmeidi2es-0tWreit-Stcieiapgs0loodfndn9eiesithd0PaswttVipnkvo1rmna,reiowttt)nts\u201900iRcteoee0eangsale\u201da2crLJpoh\u00a02esasci,tsidoaod\u00a0ci0hwhtanprtShca9ientmipovfnVaiams1eeeriiioaur-dva,rS(astrglu9f,siiesltSnr2Uobsgiohctityedwos.hhpalnTv)ihr3ttmuuseesSvHunhrt\ufb01psoeeep(geirpe\u00a0fdiueCAJgsrtMir\u201cesmvoaidteLriCesshraserssH)FnTtnerartpiieic,yae-nhaemsCahtatisaaktecdbEawihrenetaomiac\ufb01eahctPxh1niui)noosd(abhettiallss9laaats\ufb01d\u2013eoi.uifuilstimsyohqunnlbetn6lsenrnrEct,srlrmale.utcaefgyn0\u2013eesttohseUiVsevthiihnc,mtF7dg.hpTwaa,lersiSok,leapgceddpettrr4oblyensc\u201detNereeeee.5wyIso,t4srvnsrpbnoat0art6Vteserctredvl-,tp\u2013holretihmloynit.chi4oyncash.peeto-7ionToaeivstadnu)srroteh.rOetdg\u2019mpseseit-chtr.hpieoetnieaortstseneentnhts.aen 5 2 4 3 FroFefra\ufb01epmcatottteoweurrde,rlyretahsacseuiaUntsSscuotlbnNautdaiaenve-dyowaifvsh-9etui-h,cbcwehmm-eVa-airtigrchthitnsitocuerbkphav(p3luilos.an5irtstt-eetissdnrh,a)ttihtrphieet.eaTroDnehcSlieeeuSaamiVnnsessPhd\u2019erudt,elesesls.nheuIpoanrbewetslDshitnreLpogieopmivitiniestttnionsnt.rogoIiwtsfsea. 161 160","Technology Fastest tractor (modi\ufb01ed) On 23\u00a0Oct 2019, ex-motorcycle racer and TV presenter Guy Martin (UK) drove a race-tuned JCB\u00a0Fastrac at an average of 217.570\u00a0km\/h (135.191\u00a0mph) over two runs at Elvington air\ufb01eld in North Yorkshire, UK. The tractor had been transformed into a speed machine with the help of a smaller cab and light aluminium bodywork, as well as a new 1,000-hp (745-kW) JCB engine with an ice-tank cooler, turbocharger and 3D-printed manifold. th(tGeo1of0u2\ufb011t3y0rh6s.\u00a0pi66Jtsuu4.i7ttsn\u00a0rem9har2\u00a0eckap0dtmtho1i)or\/9onh.n 162","DESTINATIONS 164 Rollercoasters 166 On the Road 168 Transport 170 Tallest Buildings 172 Backyard Inventors 174 Round-Up 176 Hall of Fame: Andy Green Whatever the machine, Guy Martin will make it go 163 quickly. On 16\u00a0Oct 2014, he drove the fastest soapbox to a speed of\u00a0137.78\u00a0km\/h (85.61\u00a0mph).","TECHNOLOGY Rollercoasters Most visited theme park Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Florida, USA, had 20,859,000 visitors in\u00a02018, according to the 2018\u00a0Global Attractions Attendance Report. Magic Kingdom has four rollercoasters, including classics such as Space Mountain; a new TRON- inspired ride is due to open in 2021. Most rollercoasters (country) Longest inverted rollercoaster China had 1,518\u00a0rollercoasters of any kind, Banshee at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, USA, measures as of 21\u00a0Nov 2019. It had almost twice as 1,257\u00a0m (4,124\u00a0ft). Like all inverted rollercoasters, many as the next-highest country, the USA, passengers are seated below the track rather than above it. with\u00a0826. Japan was third with\u00a0244. Banshee carries its passengers at speeds of up to 109\u00a0km\/h (68\u00a0mph) through seven separate inversions, including a Asia is home to the most rollercoasters dive loop, a zero-gravity roll and a \u201cpretzel knot\u201d. (continent): 50.5%, a total of\u00a02,549. By contrast, there are only\u00a079 in all of Africa. Fastest \ufb02ying rollercoaster Oldest fully restored rollercoaster The cars on Flying Dinosaur are towed by an Leap-the-Dips, a traditional wooden \u201cout-of-control Pteranodon\u201d at a top speed of rollercoaster at Lakemont Park in 100\u00a0km\/h (62\u00a0mph). The ride, at Universal Studios Altoona, Pennsylvania, USA, was built Japan in Konohana, Osaka, is also the longest by the\u00a0Edward\u00a0Joy Morris Company in \ufb02ying rollercoaster, with a total track length of 1902. It\u00a0was closed to the public in 1985, 1,124\u00a0m (3,687\u00a0ft). Flying rollercoasters simulate seemingly at the end of its life, only to be\u00a0restored and re-opened in\u00a01999. the sensation of \ufb02ight by suspending The oldest rollercoaster passengers operating continuously is horizontally The\u00a0Great Scenic Railway at Luna beneath Park in Melbourne, Victoria, the\u00a0cars. Australia. It\u00a0opened to the public on\u00a013\u00a0Dec 1912 and has remained in operation ever since. Longest mountain coaster Mountain coasters run on a track Steepest steel rollercoaster that follows the terrain of a hill or The TMNT Shellraiser \u2013 located mountain, typically using one- or at the Nickelodeon Universe two-person sleds. Tobotronc, at the Theme Park in East Rutherford, Naturlandia resort near Sant Juli\u00e0 New Jersey, USA \u2013 features a de L\u00f2ria in Andorra, has a total 43-m (141-ft) vertical lift hill that track length of 5.3\u00a0km (3.2\u00a0mi). Its descends on a slope curving to an fast-descent stage measures 3.6\u00a0km angle of 121.5\u00b0. The ride opened to (2.2\u00a0mi) long and drops a vertical the public on 25\u00a0Oct 2019. distance of 400\u00a0m (1,312\u00a0ft). The steepest wooden rollercoaster is Goliath, which has\u00a0a drop at an angle of 85.13\u00b0. The giant ride opened to\u00a0the public on 19\u00a0Jun 2014 at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois, USA. There were early rollercoasters in 16th-century Russia. Wooden sleds went down icy man-made 164 \u201c\ufb02ying mountains\u201d at speeds of 80\u00a0km\/h (50\u00a0mph).","TECHNOLOGY Fastest rollercoaster Formula Rossa accelerates to 240\u00a0km\/h (149.1\u00a0mph) in\u00a04.9\u00a0sec and climbs to 52\u00a0m\u00a0(170\u00a0ft). It opened in\u00a02010 at Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi, UAE. Fastest shuttle rollercoaster Longest shuttle rollercoaster A top speed of 161\u00a0km\/h (100\u00a0mph) The 600-m-long (1,968-ft) Fury opened on 24\u00a0Jun 2019 at Bobbejaanland near Antwerp in Belgium. The tracks of shuttle has been recorded by two shuttle rollercoasters do not form a continuous circuit \u2013 cars return to rollercoasters: Superman: The Escape their start point in the opposite direction. Riders on Fury press (later renamed Superman: Escape from buttons to vote on whether it launches forwards or backwards. Krypton) at Six Flags Magic Mountain in California, USA; and Tower of Terror at Dreamworld in Gold Coast, Australia. Both rides opened in 1997:\u00a0on 23\u00a0Jan, Tower of Terror also became the \ufb01rst rollercoaster to reach 100\u00a0mph. Longest rollercoaster Steel Dragon\u00a02000 has a total length of 2,480\u00a0m (8,136\u00a0ft). Found in Nagashima Spa Land in Mie, Japan, it\u00a0has a top speed of\u00a0153\u00a0km\/h (95\u00a0mph) and\u00a0is steel-reinforced against earthquakes. Largest drop on a steel\u00a0rollercoaster Kingda Ka at Six Flags Great Adventure near Jackson, New Jersey, USA, has a drop of 127.4\u00a0m (418\u00a0ft). The total height reaches a maximum of 139\u00a0m (456\u00a0ft) above ground level, making it the tallest rollercoaster (see below). It opened in 2005. Fastest \ufb02oorless Most track inversions on a rollercoaster rollercoaster There are 14 track inversions on The\u00a0Smiler Yukon Striker, found at at Alton Towers Resort in Staffordshire, Canada\u2019s Wonderland UK. The rollercoaster opened to the public in Vaughan, Ontario, on 31\u00a0May 2013. Riders whirl through Canada, can reach the twists at speeds of up to 85\u00a0km\/h speeds of 130\u00a0km\/h (52.82\u00a0mph), with the highest drop reaching (80.8\u00a0mph). Riders 30\u00a0m (98\u00a0ft). It takes just 165\u00a0sec to complete are seated within an the\u00a01,170-m-long (3,839-ft) track. open framework that allows them to see Tallest wooden rollercoaster Most rollercoasters in one theme park down past their feet. Located in the Everland theme park in Yongin-si, South Korea, Situated in Valencia, California, Yukon Striker opened T\u00a0Express rises to a height of 56\u00a0m (183\u00a0ft). The ride opened to the USA, Six\u00a0Flags Magic Mountain has on 3\u00a0May 2019, taking public on 14\u00a0Mar 2008, and claimed the record when the 66.4-m 19\u00a0rollercoasters. This includes three the record from its (218-ft) Son of Beast in Mason, Ohio, USA, closed in 2009. T Express record-breaking tall rides (see below). sister dive coaster, carries thrillseekers at speeds of up to 104\u00a0km\/h (64.6\u00a0mph). the\u00a0120.7-km\/h (75-mph) Valravn. Tallest rollercoasters Type Name Location Height Steel Kingda Ka Jackson, New Jersey, USA 139\u00a0m (456\u00a0ft) Shuttle Superman: Escape from Krypton Valencia, California, USA 126.5\u00a0m (415\u00a0ft) Inverted Wicked Twister Sandusky, Ohio, USA 65.5\u00a0m (215\u00a0ft) Flying Tatsu Valencia, California, USA 52\u00a0m (170\u00a0ft) Stand-up Riddler\u2019s Revenge Valencia, California, USA 47.5\u00a0m (156\u00a0ft) Indoor Mindbender Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 44\u00a0m (145\u00a0ft) Suspended Vortex Vaughan, Ontario, Canada 27.7\u00a0m (91\u00a0ft) 165","TECHNOLOGY On the Road (19-mi) distance at an average speed of 26\u00a0km\/h\u00a0(16\u00a0mph). La\u00a0Marquise has only had \ufb01ve owners since its creation. Its current owner bought the car for $4.62\u00a0m (\u00a32,995,430) at an auction on 7\u00a0Oct 2011 in Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA. Longest car Fastest motorized hot tub American Dream is a 26-wheeled limousine Carpool DeVille averaged a speed of 84.14\u00a0km\/h that measures 30.5 m (100 ft) in length (52.28\u00a0mph) over two runs on 10\u00a0Aug 2014 in \u2013 about three-and-a-half times that of a Wendover, Utah, USA. Creators Phillip Weicker and London Routemaster bus. Features include Duncan Forster (both CAN) took a 1969 Cadillac a swimming pool and a helipad, and it is and \ufb01tted it with a \ufb01breglass tank. A liquid-to- hinged in the middle to aid cornering. The liquid heat exchanger with engine coolant warmed luxury limo was designed by Jay Ohrberg the water in the hot tub to 38.8\u00b0C (102\u00b0F). (USA), the \u201cKing\u00a0of\u00a0the Show Cars\u201d, who also created the DeLorean in Back to the Future (USA, 1985). Largest loop-the-loop in a car Longest continuous car skid On 25 Nov 2019, Terry Grant (UK) On 15\u00a0Oct 1964, while decelerating drove a Jaguar F-Pace through a after\u00a0an\u00a0attempt at the land-speed record Hot Wheels loop with a diameter of at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, USA, 19.49\u00a0m (63\u00a0ft 11\u00a0in) in Riyadh, Saudi driver Craig Breedlove (USA) lost control Arabia. He beat his own record of of the jet-powered Spirit of America. The 19.08\u00a0m (62\u00a0ft 7\u00a0in) from 14\u00a0Sep 2015. car skidded for around 10\u00a0km (6\u00a0mi) in the desert before clipping telegraph poles In 2017, stunt driver Grant used and crashing into a salt pond. Incredibly, a Jaguar E-Pace to set the farthest Breedlove walked away unharmed. barrel roll in a car \u2013 15.3\u00a0m (50\u00a0ft 2\u00a0in) \u2013 on 11 Jul in London, UK. Lowest roadworthy car Mirai measures just 45.2\u00a0cm (1\u00a0ft 5.7 in) from First passenger car Largest monster truck the ground to the highest part of the car, On 24\u00a0Dec 1801, inventor and mining Bigfoot\u00a05 is 4.7\u00a0m (15\u00a0ft 6\u00a0in) tall and weighs as veri\ufb01ed on 15\u00a0Nov 2010. It was created engineer Richard Trevithick (UK) took seven 17.2\u00a0tonnes (38,000\u00a0lb). Built by Bob Chandler by students and teachers of the automobile passengers for a ride through Camborne (USA) in 1986, it is one of 21\u00a0monster trucks in engineering course at Okayama Sanyo in Cornwall, UK, in a steam-powered the Bigfoot\u00a0line. Its gargantuan 3-m-high (10-ft) High\u00a0School in Asakuchi, Japan. automobile named the Puf\ufb01ng Devil. tyres were taken from an experimental land train used by\u00a0the US Army. Bigfoot\u00a05 is now permanently Hairiest car Oldest functioning car parked in St\u00a0Louis, Missouri, USA. Maria Lucia Mugno and Valentino Stassano La Marquise is a steam-powered, four- (both ITA) sewed 120\u00a0kg (264\u00a0lb 8\u00a0oz) of wheeled, four-seater vehicle manufactured human hair to the interior and exterior by De Dion, Bouton et Tr\u00e9pardoux (FRA) of Maria\u2019s Fiat 500. The coiffeured car in 1884. In 1887, it drove from Paris to was measured at a public weighbridge Neuilly in France, covering the 30.5-km on\u00a015\u00a0Mar\u00a02014 in Salerno, Italy. \u201cdbsaeeanrwDvdbdoeiiystbimhdqdaiuoogrnialtgvgihltieinice\ufb01orgorsen\u201dncdcta\u2013aafrnocis.rte! ., Largest demolition derby 166 On 3\u00a0Aug 2019, the Festival de la Galette de Sarrasin staged a motorized melee with 125 participants in Saint-Lazare- de-Bellechasse, Quebec, Canada. The event was organized by Nicolas Tremblay, Julien Fournier and Paul Morin (all CAN). Mathieu Langlois was declared the winner after 50\u00a0min of crashing and bashing; he was driving a 2001 Toyota Corolla.","TECHNOLOGY Fastest electric car (FIA-approved) The Venturi Buckeye Bullet\u00a03 achieved a speed\u00a0of 549.21\u00a0km\/h (341.26\u00a0mph) over\u00a0a two-way \ufb02ying mile on 19\u00a0Sep 2016 at the Bonneville Salt Flats. Roger Schroer (USA) was behind the wheel. The electric car was designed and built\u00a0by engineering students at Ohio State University\u2019s Center for Automotive Research,\u00a0in partnership with French electric car designers\u00a0Venturi. Fastest acceleration from Fastest tuk-tuk Fastest lap of the N\u00fcrburgring Nordschleife 0\u2013100\u00a0mph for\u00a0a lawnmower On 13\u00a0Feb 2020, by\u00a0an electric car On 6\u00a0May 2019, W Series driver Ray Macdonald and Rojjaporn On 3\u00a0Jun 2019, Romain Dumas (FRA) drove the Jessica Hawkins (UK) swapped her Lertworawanich (both THA) drove a Volkswagen ID.R prototype around the iconic racecar for Mean Mower\u00a0V2, guiding modi\ufb01ed three-wheeled autorickshaw 20.81-km-long (12.93-mi) German circuit in 6\u00a0min it from 0\u2013160\u00a0km\/h (0\u2013100\u00a0mph) to a speed of 130.45\u00a0km\/h (81.05\u00a0mph) at 5.336\u00a0sec. The ID.R has two electric motors that in 6.29\u00a0sec in Klettwitz, Germany. Sangtawan air\ufb01eld in Bangkok, Thailand. generate a combined 500\u00a0kW (670\u00a0hp). It reportedly The lawnmower, built by Honda and They \ufb02ew past the mark of 119.58\u00a0km\/h weighs less than 1,100\u00a0kg (2,500\u00a0lb) and has a Team Dynamics (UK), was equipped (74.30\u00a0mph) set on 13\u00a0May 2019 by 0\u2013100 km\/h (0\u201362\u00a0mph) time of 2.25\u00a0sec. with a four-cylinder 200-hp engine the team\u00a0of Matt Everard and Russell used by Honda\u2019s Fireblade sportbike. Shearman\u00a0(both\u00a0UK) at Elvington air\ufb01eld in\u00a0North Yorkshire, UK. First hybrid vehicle The Lohner-Porsche Semper Most wins of the World Solar Challenge Largest parade of\u2026 Vivus was constructed in 1900 at (Cruiser\u00a0class) \u2022 Mercedes-Benz cars: 384, in Huizhou, the Jacob\u00a0Lohner and Company The Cruiser class of the World Solar Challenge Guangdong, China, on 28\u00a0Dec 2019. The Coachworks in Vienna, Austria. (see bottom) was introduced in 2013 to encourage Guangzhou office of IT company UNICLUB It\u00a0combined two \u201cSysteme Porsche\u201d development of practical solar vehicles. Entries are (CHN) took the parade on a scenic drive electric hub motors with a pair judged on criteria including energy ef\ufb01ciency, ease through the Nankun mountain range. of petrol engines, in what would of access and passenger comfort. On 21\u00a0Oct 2019, \u2022 Harley-Davidson motorcycles: 3,497, in today be called a \u201cseries hybrid\u201d Solar Team Eindhoven (NLD) claimed its fourth Paris, Texas, USA, on 5\u00a0Oct 2019. The bikers arrangement. Cruiser title in four-seater Stella Era. came from all over the USA to ride alongside nomadic American motorcycle YouTuber Adam Sandoval. \u2022 Camping vehicles (RVs): 868, in Barcaldine, Queensland, Australia, on 26\u00a0May 2019. The event was organized by the\u00a0Australian Motorhoming Lions Club. \u2022 Buses: 503, in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India, on 28\u00a0Feb 2019. The local government was showing off the size of its fleet ahead of the arrival of Kumbh Mela festival pilgrims. \u2022 Ice-cream vans: 84, at the annual gathering of British ice-cream van operators in Crewe, Cheshire, UK, on 16\u00a0Oct 2018. One of the trucks present was Edd China\u2019s fastest electric ice-cream van (see p.1). Most wins of the World Solar Challenge The World Solar Challenge is a biennial solar- powered car race across 3,020\u00a0km (1,876\u00a0mi) of the Australian Outback. Vattenfall Solar Team (NLD), based at the Delft University of Technology, won seven times between 2001 and 2017 (pictured). Their 2019 race ended in heartbreak when Nuna\u00a0X caught \ufb01re while leading the race on the \ufb01nal day. No one was hurt, but it dashed the team\u2019s hopes for an eighth victory. 167","TECHNOLOGY Transport First Longest duration supersonic airliner The Soviet Tupolev non-stop\u00a0scheduled\u00a0\ufb02ight Tu-144 made its \ufb01rst supersonic \ufb02ight on 5 Jun 1969, four months Singapore Airlines SQ21 has a before the Anglo-French Concorde did the same. The following year, the prototype scheduled \ufb02ight duration of 18\u00a0hr Tu-144 reached 2,430\u00a0km\/h (1,509\u00a0mph) during a test \ufb02ight, making it the fastest 30\u00a0min and \ufb02ies between Newark airliner. Though it performed well in tests, the Tu-144\u2019s development was troubled Liberty International Airport in New and Concorde beat it to the title of \ufb01rst supersonic passenger \ufb02ight, entering Jersey, USA, and Singapore Changi Airport. Largest aircraft \ufb02own under a bridge commercial service on 21 Jan 1976. The \ufb01rst scheduled \ufb02ight took place on On 24\u00a0Apr 1959, Captain John Lappo of the US\u00a0Air 11\u00a0Oct 2018, with daily services following Force \ufb02ew an RB-47E Stratojet at a speed of Highest helicopter landing on\u00a018\u00a0Oct. In Oct\u00a02019, Qantas\u00a0QF7879 made 724\u00a0km\/h (450\u00a0mph) through the 47-m-high (155-ft) On 14 May 2005, \ufb01ghter pilot Didier a 19-hr 16-min test \ufb02ight from New York gap under the Mackinac Bridge (inset) in Michigan, Delsalle (FRA) touched down at the summit City, USA, to Sydney, Australia, although this USA. The plane weighed 93,757\u00a0kg (206,700\u00a0lb) and of Everest (8,848\u00a0m; 29,029\u00a0ft) \ufb02ying a is not yet a scheduled passenger service. had a wingspan of 35.3\u00a0m (116\u00a0ft). The impromptu Eurocopter AS350 B3. The exceptionally thin air at such high\u00a0altitudes makes it Longest streetcar\/tram route stunt cost Lappo his \ufb02ight clearance. dif\ufb01cult for\u00a0helicopters to stay airborne, and nearly impossible for them to carry (intra-city transport) signi\ufb01cant cargoes. The 501 Queen in Toronto, Longest bus route First oblique-wing aircraft The NASA AD-1, which \ufb01rst \ufb02ew Canada, is 24.5\u00a0km Peruvian company Orme\u00f1o operates a on 21\u00a0Dec 1979, had a single wing joined to the fuselage by a pivot in (15.2\u00a0mi) in length. ppreowrtvfoheioTnidcgrhgmohetino-maostnbrbppocelerileoqe.h,vudabeeruddt 6,200-km (3,852-mi) bus route \u2013 almost the the centre. Once in \ufb02ight, it could be This\u00a024-hr, east\u2013west same length as China\u2019s Yangtze River. It rotated up to 60\u00b0, meaning that the line has an average connects the Peruvian capital of Lima with wing would be swept forward on of 52,000\u00a0passengers one side of the plane and swept Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Known as the backward on the other. This every day. Trans Oceanica, its buses climb to design had been \ufb01rst proposed in 3,500\u00a0m (11,482\u00a0ft) on a 102-hr trip the 1940s, but never implemented. through the Amazon and Andes. Longest bus ever The articulated DAF Super CityTrain buses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo measured 32.2\u00a0m (105\u00a0ft) long and\u00a0could accommodate 350\u00a0passengers. They weighed\u00a028\u00a0tonnes (61,729\u00a0lb) unladen. Largest private jet Eleven models of the Boeing Business Jet 747-8 have been delivered to private customers since 2007. A snip for the super-wealthy at $364\u00a0m (\u00a3286\u00a0m), each jet leaves the factory in a \u201cgreen\u201d state \u2013 with no interior \ufb01ttings aside from the cockpit, allowing luxury customization. A recent model, completed by Greenpoint Technologies (USA), boasts a stateroom, lounges, dining room and a palatial master bedroom (see insets). The 747-8 has a maximum take-off weight of 447,700\u00a0kg (987,000\u00a0lb). 168","In times of high demand, The Ghan can be extended TECHNOLOGY to 44\u00a0carriages, increasing its length to 1,096\u00a0m (3,595\u00a0ft), or four times that of the Titanic. Heaviest load lifted by\u00a0a helicopter Steam locomotive The huge Russian Mil On 3\u00a0Jul 1938, the \u201cClass A4\u201d No.4468 Mi-26 helicopter can Mallard reached 201\u00a0km\/h (125\u00a0mph) at lift anything from the Stoke Bank near Essendine in Rutland, remains of a woolly UK.\u00a0It was hauling seven coaches. mammoth preserved in ice to a retired Longest passenger train in scheduled service Maglev train Tupolev Tu-134 airliner The Ghan is a weekly sleeper service that covers The Series L0 (A07) magnetically levitated (pictured). The Mi-26\u2019s the 54-hr journey between Adelaide and Darwin (maglev) train attained a speed of 603\u00a0km\/h heaviest cargo was a in Australia. Although the size of the train varies (374.68\u00a0mph) on the Yamanashi Maglev Line mass of 56,768.8\u00a0kg according to passenger numbers, a typical service in Japan on 21\u00a0Apr 2015. (125,153\u00a0lb) that it comprises two locomotives and 30\u00a0carriages, hauled to 2,000\u00a0m giving an overall length of 774\u00a0m (2,539\u00a0ft). The fastest electric locomotive is (6,560\u00a0ft) in the air the multi-system electric 1216 050 (type on 3\u00a0Feb 1982 near ES\u00a064\u00a0U4), which reached 357\u00a0km\/h Moscow. (221.83\u00a0mph) on 2\u00a0Sep 2006 on the high-speed line between Ingolstadt and\u00a0Nuremberg in Germany. Largest public-transit cable-car network \u201cMi Telef\u00e9rico\u201d in La Paz, Bolivia, connects neighbourhoods in the famously mountainous Bolivian capital and its sister city of El Alto. As of 9\u00a0Mar 2019, when the L\u00ednea Plateada (\u201cSilver Line\u201d) opened, the network had 33 stations along 10 cable-car lines, and a total track length of 33\u00a0km (20\u00a0mi). FASTEST... Transatlantic subsonic \ufb02ight At 4:17\u00a0a.m. on 9 Feb 2020, British Airways \ufb02ight BA112 landed at London Heathrow Airport, having taken off from New York JFK only 4\u00a0hr 56\u00a0min earlier\u00a0\u2013 around 1 hr 20 min ahead First solar-powered train of schedule. This early arrival was made The Byron Bay Solar Train runs along a 3-km possible by Storm Ciara, which accelerated (1.86-mi) stretch of the previously disused the west\u2013east jet stream winds (see p.38) Murwillumbah railway line between North over the Atlantic to exceptionally high Belongil Beach and Byron Beach in New South speeds, giving the airliner a boost. Wales, Australia. The train comprises a pair of Speed sailing vintage carriages with a 77-kW\/h battery bank On 24\u00a0Nov 2012, Paul Larsen (AUS) reached and\u00a06.5\u00a0kW of thin-\ufb01lm solar panels on the roof. 65.45\u00a0knots (121.21\u00a0km\/h; 75.32\u00a0mph) in Vestas Sailrocket\u00a02 in Walvis Bay, swTieshirStnvPehtiohacdSwiterSleaaimsUwdnwneon1iloa9tpfersr6hedo9idma..iInt Fastest passenger liner Namibia. This is the highest speed The SS United States reached speeds in excess of reached under sail on water by 44\u00a0knots (81.48 km\/h; 50.63 mph) during sea trials, any craft sailing more than and in 1952 crossed the Atlantic at an average 500\u00a0m (1,640\u00a0ft). speed of 34.51 knots (63.91 km\/h; 39.71\u00a0mph). The Speed by a hovercraft liner\u2019s speed was facilitated by its relatively on\u00a0water light weight (a result of large amounts of Bob Windt (USA) drove a aluminium used in its construction) streamlined Universal UH19P and powerful 180,000-kW hovercraft called Jenny\u00a0II at (241,000-hp) engines. 137.4\u00a0km\/h (85.38\u00a0mph) at the 1995\u00a0World Hovercraft Championships in Peso de R\u00e9gua, Portugal. The fastest passenger liner to cross the Atlantic 169 used to be awarded an unof\ufb01cial yet prestigious accolade known as the \u201cBlue Riband\u201d.","Tallest Buildings s3gst2rllii0Takpsh\u00a0ibpnsele\u00a0gupsreacioz-onwetlei-onel8usts8e.rid0ttos Tower Brick structure Formerly known as New The Anaconda Smelter Stack in Montana, USA, Building shaped like a shoe Tokyo Tower, the Tokyo stands 169.2\u00a0m (555\u00a0ft) tall \u2013 178.3\u00a0m (585\u00a0ft) The High-Heel Wedding Church in Chiayi, Chinese Skytree rises 634\u00a0m including its foundation pedestal. The industrial Taipei, measures 25.16\u00a0m long, 17.76 m high and (2,080\u00a0ft) from the Sumida chimney, part of the Washoe Smelter, was built 11.91 m wide (82 x 58 x 39 ft). The church, which ward of the Japanese using 2,446,392\u00a0bricks and completed on 1\u00a0Dec does not hold religious services but acts as a capital. The broadcasting 1918. It is all that remains of the complex, and wedding venue, is said to honour a local legend and observation tower was can be viewed only remotely on account of the in\u00a0which a girl\u2019s engagement was ended after she completed in Feb\u00a02012. poisonous heavy metals still present in the area. lost her legs to blackfoot disease. Twin buildings The 88-storey Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are 451.9\u00a0m (1,482\u00a0ft) high. Opened in 1996, the towers are joined by a skybridge at\u00a0levels 41 and 42. Building Cantilevered building Residential building Chimney The Burj Khalifa (Khalifa Opened in 2016, the King Power Situated in New York City, The GRES-2 Power Station Tower) measures 828\u00a0m MahaNakhon is a 78-storey, USA, 432 Park Avenue is in Ekibastuz, Kazakhstan, (2,716\u00a0ft) tall. Developed by 314.2-m (1,031-ft) mixed-use tower the tallest single-function has a concrete stack Emaar Properties, it of\ufb01cially in Bangkok, Thailand. Thirty per residential building at standing 420\u00a0m (1,378\u00a0ft) opened on 4\u00a0Jan 2010 in cent of the building\u2019s total \ufb02oor 425.5\u00a0m (1,396\u00a0ft). Its design tall. It is known locally as Dubai, UAE. It is almost slab area is in cantilever span, was reportedly inspired the \u201cCigarette Lighter\u201d 200\u00a0m (656\u00a0ft) taller than its with \ufb02oors extending as much as by a 1905 trash can. This and weighs 60,000\u00a0tonnes nearest rival, the Shanghai 10\u00a0m (32\u00a0ft) outward from their iconic address is set to be (66,000\u00a0US\u00a0tons). The power Tower, and twice as tall as vertical supports. A dramatic surpassed in 2020 by two station is the beginning of the Empire State Building. pixelated ribbon runs around the taller residential buildings the Ekibastuz\u2013Kokshetau tower\u2019s\u00a0exterior. in New York City: Central power transmission line, Visitors with a head for Park Tower (472.4\u00a0m; which has the highest heights can go to the 148th 1,549\u00a0ft) and 111\u00a0West 57th operating transmission \ufb02oor for At the Top, Burj Street (435.3\u00a0m; 1,428\u00a0ft). voltage: 1,150\u00a0kilovolts. Khalifa Sky \u2013 the highest outdoor observation deck, at 555.7\u00a0m (1,823\u00a0ft) \u2013 then descend to At.mosphere, which, at 441\u00a0m (1,147\u00a0ft), is the highest restaurant.","Cathedral spire LED-illuminated Grain silo The Protestant Cathedral fa\u00e7ade The Swissmill Tower in On 1\u00a0Jan 2019, New Zurich, Switzerland, is of Ulm in Germany has Year\u2019s revellers in 118\u00a0m (387\u00a0ft) tall and can a 161.5-m-high (529-ft) Dubai, UAE, were hold up to 35,000\u00a0tonnes spire. Although work treated to a dramatic (38,580 US\u00a0tons) of on the building began light show on the Burj grain. The huge silo took in 1377, the tower in Khalifa, the world\u2019s three years to build and the west fa\u00e7ade was not tallest building (see was\u00a0completed in Apr\u00a02016. completed until 1890. above left). The LED- illuminated fa\u00e7ade Hindu temple Pagoda measured 790.8 m The 13-tiered gopura or Completed in 2007, the (2,594\u00a0ft). With a total gopuram (entrance tower) at 13-storey Tianning area of 44,956.77\u00a0m\u00b2 the Sri Ranganathaswamy Pagoda in Changzhou, (483,910\u00a0sq\u00a0ft), it was Temple on the Indian island China, is 153.7 m (504\u00a0ft) also the largest LED- of Srirangam reaches 72\u00a0m tall. It is topped by a illuminated fa\u00e7ade. (236 ft) high. Dedicated to golden spire with a Ranganatha, a form of the Wooden pagoda bronze bell that can be Hindu deity Vishnu, the Located in Yingxian County, Shanxi, China, the heard from a distance of temple is more than 1,000 Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple has a height 5\u00a0km (3\u00a0mi). years old. of 67.3\u00a0m (220\u00a0ft). It was constructed in 1056. Hospital Castle The tallest wooden building is Mj\u00f8st\u00e5rnet, an The Li Shu Pui Block at the The apex of Neuschwanstein 18-storey mixed-use structure in Brumunddal, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Castle, which overlooks the Norway (inset). It is 85.4\u00a0m (280\u00a0ft) tall and is Hospital stands 148.5\u00a0m village of Hohenschwangau the work of Voll Arkitekter and builders HENT (487\u00a0ft) tall. The 38-storey in Bavaria, Germany, and\u00a0Moelven Limtre (all NOR). concrete and steel structure, rises 65\u00a0m (213\u00a0ft) above built in 2008, is one of the ground. It was built in the Unoccupied building Iron structure largest private hospitals in 19th\u00a0century on the ruins Construction on the The Eiffel Tower in Paris, China and has more than of\u00a0three other castles. Ryugyong Hotel in France, is 300\u00a0m (984\u00a0ft) 400\u00a0beds. Pyongyang, North Korea, high, rising to 324\u00a0m Cemetery was halted in\u00a01992. Despite (1,063\u00a0ft) to the tip of a Airport control tower Located near S\u00e3o Paulo reaching its full height of TV antenna added in the Tower West at Kuala in Brazil, the Memorial 330\u00a0m (1,082\u00a0ft), the building 1950s. At the time of its Lumpur International Necr\u00f3pole Ecum\u00eanica in remains un\ufb01nished. It inauguration on 31\u00a0Mar 1889, Airport, Malaysia, measures Santos has 14\u00a0permanently was built from reinforced it was the tallest structure 133.8\u00a0m (438\u00a0ft) tall and has illuminated storeys that concrete rather than lighter in the world, a title it would 33\u00a0\ufb02oors. Shaped like an rise\u00a046\u00a0m (150\u00a0ft) above steel, which necessitated a hold until the completion Olympic torch, it was built ground. The \ufb01rst burial took pyramid-shaped design to of New York\u2019s Chrysler as part of the airport\u2019s new place here on 28\u00a0Jul 1984. support its upper levels. Building on 27\u00a0May 1931. KLIA2 terminal. Building in the shape of a picture frame 171 At 150.2\u00a0m (492\u00a0ft) tall and 95.5\u00a0m (313\u00a0ft) wide, the Dubai Frame towers over Zabeel Park in Dubai, UAE. Designed by Mexican architect Fernando Donis, the landmark\u2019s two towers are linked by a 48th-\ufb02oor viewing gallery with a glass-\ufb02oored walkway. It was completed on 1\u00a0Jan 2018. 170","TECHNOLOGY Backyard Inventors Largest water pistol Smallest working drill Smallest helicopter A super-sized soaker built by engineer Mark Rober On 28\u00a0Nov 2017, Gaya Prasad Agarwal Japanese inventor Gennai and friends Ken Glazebrook, Bob Clagett and Dani (IND) presented a working drill measuring Yanagisawa (JPN) built the Yuan (all USA) measured 1.22\u00a0m tall and 2.22\u00a0m 6.93\u00a0mm tall, 8.4\u00a0mm long and 6.4\u00a0mm wide GEN\u00a0H-4, a 70-kg (154-lb) long (4\u00a0ft x 7\u00a0ft 3\u00a0in) on 6\u00a0Nov 2017. Powered by (0.27\u00a0x 0.33\u00a0x 0.25\u00a0in). helicopter with a rotor length of 4\u00a0m a tank of pressurized nitrogen, it can \ufb01re a jet (13\u00a0ft). It consists of one seat and one of\u00a0water powerful enough to smash glass! Loudest bicycle horn power unit, and unlike traditional Tired of being cut up in traf\ufb01c, Yannick Read helicopters has two sets of contra- 100% (UK) created \u201cThe Hornster\u201d \u2013 a modi\ufb01ed rotating rotors, eliminating the need freight-train horn powered by a scuba-diving for a balancing tail rotor. tank built into the bike\u2019s frame. It produced a sound pressure level of 136.2\u00a0dB(A) on 13\u00a0Feb 2013 in Surrey, UK. A\u00a0150-dB noise is\u00a0the same as a jet engine at 25\u00a0m (82\u00a0ft). Highest-popping toaster Fourteen-year-old Matthew Lucci (USA) turbocharged a toaster by adding a 12,000-rpm motor. It ejected a slice of toasted bread to a height of\u00a04.57\u00a0m (15\u00a0ft) on\u00a019\u00a0Nov 2012. Smallest vacuum cleaner Smallest road-legal car (non-production) Fastest sofa Engineering student Salvendar Ghansheed Austin Coulson (USA, pictured in 2013 with \ufb01anc\u00e9e On 26\u00a0Sep 2011, Glenn Suter (AUS) Baba (IND) takes waste materials and Lisa Stoll) built a car measuring 63.5\u00a0cm high, drove a motorized settee at 163.117\u00a0km\/h transforms them into miniature household 65.4\u00a0cm wide and 126.4\u00a0cm long (2\u00a0ft 1\u00a0in x 2\u00a0ft (101.36\u00a0mph) at Camden Airport in New appliances. His tiny vacuum cleaner 1.7\u00a0in x 4 ft 1.7\u00a0in). The vehicle was measured on South Wales, Australia. The record attempt (above) operates at 3.7\u00a0V, with its longest 7\u00a0Sep 2012. It is licensed to be driven on public was organized by Australian drinks\u00a0maker axis\u00a0measuring 3.6\u00a0cm (1.4\u00a0in), as veri\ufb01ed on roads and\u00a0has a speed limit of 40\u00a0km\/h (25\u00a0mph). Ice Break. A coffee table was attached to 9\u00a0Apr 2019 in Vijayawada, India. the front of the mobile sofa as a method of breaking up the air\ufb02ow to increase the Smallest working circular saw vehicle\u2019s speed. Another designer who thinks that small is beautiful is Lance Abernethy (NZ). Fastest garden shed On\u00a023\u00a0Apr 2015, he 3D-printed a cordless Kevin Nicks (UK) converted a Volkswagen circular saw of his own design measuring Passat into a motorized shed, re\ufb01tting it with a 450-horsepower V6 twin-turbo Audi 14.3\u00a0x 18.9\u00a0x 10.6\u00a0mm (0.56\u00a0x 0.74\u00a0x RS4 engine. On 22\u00a0Sep 2019, he took the 0.41\u00a0in). It was \ufb01tted with a 12-mm shed to 170.268\u00a0km\/h (105.800\u00a0mph), from (0.47-in) working blade and powered a standing start, over a two-way measured by a hearing-aid battery. mile (1.6\u00a0km) at Pendine Sands in Wales, UK. BUILD-YOUR-OWN BOFFINS Fastest bathroom 68 km\/h (42.25 mph), built by Edd China (UK) on 10\u00a0Mar 2011 in Milan, Italy. Bog Standard is a motorcycle and sidecar hidden under a bathroom set consisting of bathtub, sink and laundry bin Fastest pram Largest Cozy Coupe 86.04\u00a0km\/h (53.46\u00a0mph), built by 2.7\u00a0m (8\u00a0ft 10\u00a0in) long, built by John and Geof Colin\u00a0Furze (UK) and tested on Bitmead (both\u00a0UK), as measured on 14\u00a0Aug 2016 14\u00a0Oct\u00a02012 at Shakespeare County Raceway in Stratford-upon-Avon, in\u00a0Ambrosden,\u00a0Oxfordshire, UK 172 Warwickshire, UK","TECHNOLOGY Most powerful pencil sharpener Fastest robot to solve a Rubik\u2019s Cube Largest rideable hexapod robot In 1999, Peter Svensson (SWE) re-engineered a Albert Beer (DEU) spent an estimated Mantis is a six-legged robot that stands pencil sharpener in style \u2013 with the addition of 2,000\u00a0hours building a machine to crack 2.8\u00a0m (9\u00a0ft 2\u00a0in) tall and has a 5-m-wide (16-ft a 499.6-kw (670-hp) V12\u00a0engine borrowed from the iconic puzzle cube in the blink of 4-in) leg span, as veri\ufb01ed on 15 Nov 2017 in a tank. Although the engine worked at about an eye. With the help of an\u00a0algorithm, a Wickham, Hampshire, UK. It was built by 2,500 rpm, the machine was geared so that the microcontroller and six mechanical arms, movie special-effects designer Matt Denton sharpener operated at nearly normal speed. \u201cSub1\u00a0Reloaded\u201d solved a Rubik\u2019s Cube (UK), who can drive it from the cockpit or in 0.637\u00a0sec at an electronics trade fair in operate it remotely via an app. Mantis weighs swtaifittnsrhhBodeesiwmagxixsrchBidiazteniievkcmedahelousetofsostptararpsika.eelrn, Munich, Germany, on 9\u00a0Nov\u00a02016. 1.9 tonnes (4,188 lb) and is powered by a 2.2-litre (0.58-US-gal) turbo-diesel engine. Largest functional microprocessor model On 22\u00a0Jun 2016, software engineer James Tallest rideable Newman (UK) \ufb01nished work on a computer motorcycle he calls the Megaprocessor. Instead of the A monster motorbike nanometre-scale integrated circuits used in constructed by Fabio Reggiani desktop computers, this machine is (ITA) measures 5.10\u00a0m (16\u00a0ft 8\u00a0in) made from 42,370 pea-sized discrete tall to the top of the handlebars transistors and measures 10\u00a0m\u00a0(32\u00a0ft \u2013 the same height as a giraffe. 10\u00a0in) wide and 2\u00a0m (6\u00a0ft 7\u00a0in) tall. Weighing 5,000\u00a0kg (11,020\u00a0lb), Big The workings of the Bike is powered by a 5.7-litre V8 computer are motor. The chopper was ridden shown using over a 100-m-long (328-ft) 10,500 LEDs. course at Montecchio Emilia in Italy on 24\u00a0Mar 2012. Fastest jet-powered go-kart Fastest motorized 180.72 km\/h (112.29\u00a0mph), test-driven by shopping trolley Tom\u00a0Bagnall (UK) in\u00a0York, North Yorkshire, 113.29\u00a0km\/h UK,\u00a0on\u00a05\u00a0Sep 2017 (70.4\u00a0mph), by Matt McKeown (UK) on Fastest 18\u00a0Aug 2013 in East monowheel Yorkshire, UK. The motorcycle 117.34\u00a0km\/h trolley had been (72.91\u00a0mph), by \ufb01tted with a modi\ufb01ed the UK Monowheel Team and driver Chinook helicopter Mark Foster (all\u00a0UK), starter engine and a who\u00a0rode Trojan 250-cc Honda engine on 22\u00a0Sep 2019 at Elvington air\ufb01eld in North Yorkshire, UK 173","TECHNOLOGY Round-Up First photograph of a snow\ufb02ake Wilson Bentley (USA) spent 40 years taking pictures of thousands of snow\ufb02akes. His \ufb01rst successful photograph of an individual snow crystal was captured on 15\u00a0Jan 1885 on his family\u2019s farm in Vermont, USA. Bentley experimented with a glass-plate camera mounted on to a microscope to capture the delicate crystals in all their \ufb01nery. Largest mirrored building Situated at the UNESCO World Heritage Site Al-Hijra in Al-\u2019Ula, Saudi Arabia, the 500-seat-capacity Maraya Concert Hall is covered by a wall of mirrors measuring a continuous 9,740\u00a0m\u00b2 (104,840\u00a0sq\u00a0ft). The building, constructed by the Royal Commission for Al-\u2019Ula (SAU) and surveyed on 26\u00a0Dec\u00a02019, dramatically re\ufb02ects the area\u2019s volcanic landscape. Deepest salvage of 75.6\u00a0km\/h (47\u00a0mph). It Largest aerial \ufb01rework shell Electron Laser Science, On 21\u00a0May 2019, the can carry up to 21\u00a0people On 8\u00a0Feb 2020, the Steamboat Springs Winter the\u00a0University of Hamburg, wreckage of a US Navy and can scale 95 \ufb02oors Carnival in Colorado, USA, the Max Born Institute transport aircraft was in around 42\u00a0sec. The lift closed in spectacular style recovered from the \ufb02oor was designed by Hitachi by detonating a 1.26-tonne (all DEU) and Aarhus of the Philippine Sea some Building Systems (JPN) and (2,797-lb) \ufb01rework shell. The University (DNK) 5,638\u00a0m (18,500\u00a0ft) below the installed by Hitachi Elevator shell contained 380\u00a0individual published their surface. The operation was (CHN) on 10 Sep 2019. comet \ufb01reworks and turned results in Nature carried out by a team from the sky red. It was the work on\u00a029\u00a0Jul\u00a02019. the US Navy Supervisor First footage of of pyrotechnicians James of Salvage and Diving molecular\u00a0rotation Cowden Widmann, Eric Rarest radioactive (SUPSALV) using the deep- An international team Krug, Ed MacArthur and event observed sea research ship RV\u00a0Petrel. of scientists assembled Tim\u00a0Borden\u00a0(all USA). A research team video footage of a\u00a0rotating looking for dark Fastest elevator carbonyl sulphide\u00a0molecule matter \u2013 the most The Guangzhou CTF from 651\u00a0images captured elusive substance Finance Centre in over 125\u00a0trillionths of a in the universe \u2013 Guangdong, China, has an second. The researchers happened to observe elevator capable of speeds from the Center for Free- the decay of an isotope of xenon-124. It took Fastest 0\u201360\u00a0mph acceleration in an electric kart place in the XENON1T On 9 Jun 2019, Luis Mengual (ESP) drove his all- instrument, which was wheel-drive (AWD) prototype kart from 0\u201360\u00a0mph submerged in water (97 km\/h) in 2.218\u00a0sec at the Kartodromo 1,500\u00a0m (4,921\u00a0ft) beneath Internacional Lucas Guerrero in Valencia, Spain. the Gran Sasso mountain Luis had spent two years building his electric- in Italy. Xenon-124 has a half-life of 1.8\u00a0x\u00a01022 years powered machine, which beat the \u2013 a trillion times the age of previous record by\u00a00.417\u00a0sec. the universe. The XENON Collaboration\u2019s \ufb01ndings sleatrwoichonopouWmmpwsl.oapy1Lwna6ustre6oi\u00a0estru\u2013o\u2019s?sp6\u00a0stTek7oeuda.earr-ntup were published in Nature on\u00a024\u00a0Apr 2019. Heaviest weight lifted with\u00a0glue On 12\u00a0Jul 2019, adhesive manufacturer DELO (DEU) kept a 17.48-tonne (38,536-lb) truck suspended in the air for one hour with the aid of only 3\u00a0g (0.11\u00a0oz) of specially made glue in Windach, Germany. The vehicle was suspended from a crane via a bonded aluminium cylinder with a radius of just\u00a03.5\u00a0cm (1.3\u00a0in). 174","TECHNOLOGY First classical Chinese programming language Largest 3D-printed boat Wenyan-lang is a general-purpose programming 3Dirigo is a 7.72-m-long language developed in Dec 2019 by student (25-ft 4-in) seaworthy Lingdong Huang (CHN) in Pittsburgh, vessel created by The Pennsylvania, USA. It reads as grammatically University of Maine correct classical Chinese, rendering machine- Advanced Structures and readable code in the language of Confucius. Composites Center (USA). The boat is named after First self-built functional LEGO\u00ae prosthetic arm the state of Maine\u2019s motto, \u201cHand Solo\u201d, aka Andorra\u2019s David Aguilar, was \u201cDirigo\u201d (\u201cI guide\u201d). It born without a right forearm. He designed and took 72\u00a0hr to print on built his own fully functioning arm using parts 10\u00a0Oct\u00a02019 in Orono, from a LEGO Technic helicopter set (#9396), Maine, USA, and required completing the \ufb01rst version in 2017. David\u2019s the largest polymer 3D most\u00a0recent model, 2019\u2019s MK-IV, is a motorized printer \u2013 with a maximum limb with \ufb01ngers that he controls by making volume or \u201cbuild envelope\u201d subtle\u00a0movements of his residual arm. of 343.61\u00a0m\u00b3 (12,134\u00a0cu\u00a0ft). Largest collection of David\u2019s Washington, USA. The washing machines tuhpRser(iooC#nLusgr4Egta2hpGhnM0eiOeeTtK8ceisT-2cereIe)risVt.csafhibrnnouimiclt record attempt was made on Retired engineer Lee Pi Day to demonstrate the Maxwell (USA) had amassed 1,350 unique washing power of Google Cloud\u2019s machines as of 5 Aug 2019. infrastructure. He had restored all but six to working order, and has Best-selling recently started building smartphone brand what he calls \u201cPatent According to research Demos\u201d \u2013 small-scale carried out on 27\u00a0Feb working models of designs 2020, Samsung (KOR) that were patented but sold an estimated either never built, or built 260,247,100 smartphones but subsequently lost. in 2019. Samsung\u2019s nearest rival, Apple (USA), shifted Most accurate value of pi 201,151,700 units during On 14 Mar 2019, the same period. Emma Haruka Iwao (JPN) calculated the Youngest co-discoverer mathematical constant\u00a0\u03c0 of\u00a0a\u00a0circumbinary planet to 31,415,926,535,897 Wolf Cukier (USA, b.\u00a04\u00a0Jun digits, with the support of 2002) was 17\u00a0years 27\u00a0days Google (USA) in Seattle, when he made the initial observations that led to the discovery of exoplanet TOI\u00a01338\u00a0b. Wolf spotted the planet on 1\u00a0Jul 2019 while reading through a star database during an internship at NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in\u00a0Maryland,\u00a0USA. Highest-resolution radio telescope array This supermassive black hole is The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) combines data from eight radio located in the Messier 87 galaxy, telescope arrays around the globe. It has a practical resolution of 54\u00a0million light years from Earth. 43\u00a0microarcseconds \u2013 meaning it can focus on an object roughly equal in apparent size to an 8-cm-wide (3.1-in) disk on the surface of the Moon (as viewed from Earth). It was the EHT that provided the \ufb01rst direct image of a black hole (inset), as announced on 10 Apr 2019. 175","TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY HAALnLWOdFyFAMGE reenOrnheeeic2vmAo0Seirnn2snuAd\u00a0edDnmjffolehpyadteMftvtaeraceso\u2013sbaaeoetarlteotyrhsreanjcgsthroenoreihh1ogto\ufb01kncemt\u00a0ibn\u00a0riimgt1ennrrfne1eihnl.aaocee09oicTiNttsstlt29oa(biehys1\u2019hcet0km4crsoer.:sveta)u6,iaopcaBneh\u2013pA\u2013ls\u00a0rmikdaatglsatrenh\u00a0tomnahSrbhifrotdet,Sdtoeshleef)yfUieCfr-,aoadso\u2019srSsopatr\u2013theupeAfc\ufb01altvodnfeaaaghoW.aerrendsdesuOenlssipdounlvatilttneRyedphneepreFcnesoerm1esareobgaaed.tycat5grotphesnrTweaotCsar\u00a0hcotrOeein(fthlereo-isaenfsioeorfndAtcealnespcre1ogflp,amBtctboeviaiebit,rtt(nrcli22h1noe1mchprweloelbmd92a2Fa6tecooeehm1nTae-i927nmoa\u00a0ddart,nksihtarl.07\u00a0rranhdrtko9ekpadgmyrn,co0ilkoawpd8-urNeveAtoey2us0bdemt5ohsee)a(teuinp3n\u00a0t(1(\u00a0woehdmarcadeRk52add0e.tylnerrgwee0rmoresA\u00a0ipe\u00a0yeeLm.rrneg,cooAodhF,a0aSaed\/ecoakufRh1ibr,R0n)dnron\ufb01rn)nns9otowi,o0erd(ccattbcor8ad7uasdv\u00a0rcoiwihlyyb36atto1entb,.orubahha.l3etl,TaofidGrTr6sarwyeNfa).hcdahan0dh0.rArtfoyokBog)iiort3\ufb01re9efn.NseenwoilurRi5w\u00a0rTnatekdtmetosudsh\u00a0aochihmgtncrmylbtmnl\u00a0rpkar,-,Saewtll.iupcuocst\/anehSrsRehhl-srhtsi,nadC,adeRoohntoet.h;dh-n\u00a0s.encSpaoeIsatsAensktStctryephd\u2019iihdnieCcsdsgneeteeedtiendgtaaghodSerilbrniopdgtevapeeoeittsenyotgs 1 Btloionabonsrdpiehinarotekeuratnehndseethlwiaannsgsdebc-neiseeepnrneacedteideoasrnniegdocnfoeecrndhdginbilndouertteeoanrnlislntoyogtt.oake","2 wTmhhbetrTohumohecsoebtomc\u00a0\u00a0ehSouariSnlwrmdo\u2019Clsyanfsts\u2019setteholAahfen!nmeicdayr 1i:naT2\u00a0\u00a0sSre:bpeosT3aecutth:reo2iotnIrgAdhb0rnu4agn\u00a0d1odtoAs:iJe1gBdtnifC\u2013C5f\u00a0er,\u00a0glSyr1Beo:s\u2013rsaaSi,tloeA\u00a0ece0nDneCaidrpanl1nbdkiv-htb,re0drreetioewtsr\u00a0ahcaysnhekuesthecleemenagoaimskennktndNis\u00a0r\/anCgittsoLheentxihehuhbnStvie(dhaSttnRrea6gemeewRrdd2caCitaenaaA8hlimprbaakt\u00a0reeFdzi2macnioseirne0RrhMdnntperrs1geaAl-schieu92adsethFoRr)s0hnpr.rtiuei0epdediinunn6nsefiwmt.tand(1ohssi9teietthn9hee\u00a07set2b.ht0ee1lo8w. ). 3 5 4 FHignaudlilnoounf tFemsasmowreeosraelbcdotriueotcnAoarntddwsy.wcinowmt.h\/e2021 177 OinnathhsU2pee3te\u00a0a\u00a0wfAehaauds,sgUtoen2Sfso0A5tt06,de63Aiv,.en4easd1nte8yBli\u00a0-ndkoermntnoong\/vpehiegvn(Jei3eCla5ldBer0.\u00a0cDS.0aai9rel.st2eRF\u00a0lmmelampathsxa)ra\u2013ktably, 176","Gaming Largest prize pool for an esports tournament (single-player) On 28\u00a0Jul 2019, the Arthur Ashe Stadium in New York City, USA, played host to the solo event \ufb01nals of the Fortnite World Cup, with a prize pool of $15,287,500 (\u00a312,338,400) at stake. The pot was shared among all 100\u00a0\ufb01nalists, with even the last-placed \ufb01nisher receiving $50,000 (\u00a340,354). In front of a cheering crowd and up to 2\u00a0million viewers online, 16-year-old Kyle Giersdorf (USA, below), aka \u201cBugha\u201d, became the \ufb01rst Fortnite Solo World Champion, walking away with the $3-m (\u00a32.4-m) top prize. The day before, the \ufb01rst Fortnite Duo World Champions had been crowned: \u201cNyhrox\u201d, aka Emil Bergquist Pedersen (NOR, bottom left), and \u201caqua\u201d, aka David Wang (AUT, bottom right). antpiemdpwuBuee-nroaficdworn\u201coieugnBlmr\u00a0ngLSulidmInguinVhefpe.aadaermc\u201drhhieaaisllbf-y Ftsho(TauerhktpnbeaeiitrggRBesais-ltcmescahvtrrearei\u201cenrreNdason)minTs.nyijinasle\u201dgr 178","DESTINATIONS 180 Speedruns 182 Action-Adventure 183 Platformers 184 Sports 185 Versus 186 Creative 187 Puzzle 188 Shooters 189 RPGs 190 Hall of Fame: Jaden Ashman The largest esports prize pool for a tournament was 179 $34\u00a0m (\u00a327.6\u00a0m), on offer for Valve\u2019s Dota\u00a02 championship The\u00a0International 2019 on 20\u201325 Aug.","GAMING Speedruns Top 60 most speedrun games on Speedrun.com Game Run type Record holder Time 36:07.7 A Hat in Time (PC) Any% \u201cEnhu\u201d (ARG) 1:57:39 Banjo-Kazooie (N64) 100%; N64 \u201cStivitybobo\u201d (USA) 19:54 27:0.7 Bloodborne (PS4) Any%; All Quitouts \u201cInSilico_\u201d (IRL) 1:43 Celeste (PC) Any% \u201cMarlin\u201d (DEU) 42:10 CELESTE Classic (PC) Any% \u201cMeep_Moop\u201d (CAN) 3.8 23:16 Crash Bandicoot: Crash Bandicoot; Any% \u201cDepCow\u201d (USA) N. Sane Trilogy (PC) 12:38 Crossy Road (Android) 25 Hops; Mobile \u201cENOOPS\u201d (RUS) 1:04:44 Cuphead All Bosses, Regular \u201cSBDWolf\u201d (ITA) 13:25 1:13.2 Dif\ufb01culty, Legacy Version 6:03:27 GWR on Speedrun.com Destiny 2 (PC) Garden of Salvation \u201cTreezy\u201d (UK), \u201cpurdy\u201d (UK), \u201cIntubate\u201d 3:52:07 Listed here are the 60 most (USA), \u201cqassimks\u201d (USA), \u201cCrayonz\u201d popular titles contested (USA), \u201cPoots\u201d 1:36 on Speedrun.com \u2013 the ultimate online leaderboard Diablo II: Lord of Destruction (PC) Any% Normal; Softcore; \u201cIndrek\u201d (EST) 33:07 Celeste (Any%) for speedrunning. We\u2019ve Players 1; SOR 8:49.6 German gamer teamed up with Speedrun. 4:24.7 \u201cMarlin\u201d\u00a0raced com to formally recognize Final Fantasy VII Remake (PS4) Demo Any%; Normal \u201cdesa3579\u201d (DEU) 15:57.7 through the Matt speedrunning as a category Makes Games in the GWR database and Getting Over It with Bennett Foddy Glitchless \u201cBlastbolt\u201d 2:07 platformer on the have created a series of (PC) PC in 27\u00a0min 0.7\u00a0sec. unique challenges, which 2:42:27 Released in Jan\u00a02018, you can \ufb01nd at speedrun. Grand Theft Auto V (PC) Classic% \u201cburh\u00e1c\u201d (HUN) Celeste has proved com\/gwr. All you need 2:28:39 instantly popular to do is get to the top of Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas Any% (No AJS) \u201cIelreset\u201d 40:27 with\u00a0speedrunners a leaderboard and take (PC) and had 7,049\u00a0runs a screengrab to prove it, 4:56.7 submitted on then\u00a0follow the link to the Guild Wars 2 (PC) Spirit Vale; Vale \u201cDeathlyhearts\u201d (ROM), \u201cqT Diablo\u201d, Speedrun.com as GWR website and make Guardian; Restricted \u201cDecados\u201d, \u201cCodzka\u201d, \u201cTolgon\u201d, 24:28.3 of\u00a022\u00a0Apr 2020 \u2013 your\u00a0of\ufb01cial application. \u201cHeldor\u201d, \u201cqT Luigi\u201d, \u201cBDaddl.7105\u201d, 27:26 the\u00a0\ufb01fth most for \u201cqT Fennec\u201d, \u201ceS Tim\u201d any\u00a0videogame. 8:12.2 Hollow Knight (PC) Any%; No Major Glitches \u201c\ufb01reb0rn\u201d (CAN) 38:08 Spyro\u00a0the Dragon (Any%) Human: Fall Flat (PC) Any%; Solo \u201cRetr0virus11\u201d (CAN) \u201cChrisLBC\u201d (CAN) blitzed the PS2 Jump King (PC) Any% \u201cNy\u201d (CHN) platformer in 38\u00a0min 31\u00a0sec on 17\u00a0Jun 2018 Katana ZERO (PC) All Stages; Normal; \u201cLastnumb3r\u201d (POL) and remains top of the Katana leaderboard \u2013 if only by 1\u00a0sec. League of Legends (PC) Tutorial; Season 10; \u201cXinipas\u201d (BRA) Part 1 \u201cChrisLBC\u201d is also responsible for LEGO Star Wars: Any%; Solo \u201cWiiSuper\u201d (USA) the fastest Any% The Complete Saga (PC) completion of Spyro the Dragon (Spyro Luigi\u2019s Mansion 3 (Switch) Any%; Solo \u201cchris_runs\u201d (AUT) Reignited Trilogy) \u2013 just 6\u00a0min 9\u00a0sec, Mario Kart 8 Deluxe (Switch) Nitro Tracks; Items; \u201cHitsujiOmochi\u201d (JPN) minus loads. 150cc Minecraft: Java Edition (PC) Any% Glitchless; \u201cIllumina\u201d (CAN) Set\u00a0Seed; Pre 1.9 New Super Mario Bros. Wii (Wii) Any% \u201cFadeVanity\u201d (UK) Ori and the Blind Forest: All Skills, No\u00a0Out of \u201cLucidus\u201d De\ufb01nitive\u00a0Edition (PC) Bounds or Teleport Anywhere Outlast (PC) Any%; Main Game; PC \u201cHorrorDoesSpeedRuns\u201d (USA) Pencil Sharpening Simulator (PC) Any%; 100 Pencils \u201cJangoosed\u201d (UK) SpongeBob Ori and the Blind Forest: SquarePants: De\ufb01nitive Edition (All Battle\u00a0for Bikini Skills; No\u00a0Out of Bounds Bottom (100%) or Teleport Anywhere) On 3\u00a0Mar 2020, On 12\u00a0Feb 2020, \u201cSHiFT\u201d (USA) saved \u201cLucidus\u201d navigated Bikini Bottom from guardian spirit Ori \u2013 robot invasion in 1\u00a0hr and companion Sein \u2013 18\u00a0min 26\u00a0sec on Xbox. through Moon Studios\u2019 Released in 2003, the 2016 expansion to the cartoon spin-off has atmospheric platformer gained cult status in 27\u00a0min\u00a026\u00a0sec. The among speedrunners. run knocked almost With 4,243\u00a0runs, half a minute off it is\u00a0the 14th most the\u00a0previous best. popular game on Speedrun.com. 180","GAMING Pok\u00e9mon Red\/Blue Any% Glitchless; ENG \u201cpokeguy\u201d (USA) 1:45:21 (Game Boy Player) \u201cringo777\u201d (JPN) 4:04:13 Pok\u00e9mon Sword\/Shield (Switch) Any%; ENG \u201cShizzal\u201d (USA) 6:53.9 \u201cCantEven\u201d (USA) 59:47.4 Portal (PC) Out of Bounds \u201cxzRockin\u201d (USA) 2:42.4 \u201cSe3cret\u201d (COL) 48:44 Portal 2 (PC) Single Player; Inbounds \u201c7rayD\u201d (FIN) 52:10 Refunct (PC) Any%; Normal \u201cOrchlon\u201d (MNG) 40:55 Resident Evil 2 (PC) PC; Leon A; Any%; Normal \u201ctanoshimu\u201d (JPN) 1:36:03 Resident Evil 2 (2019) (PC) New Game (PC); Leon; \u201ckriptopolis\u201d (USA) 1:57.6 Cuphead (All Bosses; Standard; 120 \u201cLilAggy\u201d (USA) 21:19 Regular Dif\ufb01culty; Legacy Version) Resident Evil 3: Nemesis (PC) PC (TWN); Any%; \u201cSHiFT\u201d (USA) 1:18:26 \u201cSBDWolf\u201d (ITA) Original ploughed through \u201cChrisLBC\u201d (CAN) 38:31 StudioMDHR\u2019s Portal\u00a02 Resident Evil 4 (Console) New Game; PS4; \u201ccheese\u201d (ESP) 1:38:54 \ufb01endish 2017 run- (No\u00a0Out\u00a0of\u00a0Bounds) Professional \u201cKosmic\u201d (USA) and-gun in 23\u00a0min On 19\u00a0Jul 2019, \u201cMr.CloudKirby\u201d (USA) 4:55.6 16\u00a0sec on the PC on \u201cCantEven\u201d (USA) ROBLOX: Speed Run 4 (PC) No Skips; 5 Levels \u201cIamUncleSlam\u201d (USA) 2:31:21 13\u00a0Jun 2019. He beat completed Valve\u2019s 1:41:06 the previous record by puzzle-platformer in Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice (PC) Shura Ending; PC; \u201cTyron18\u201d (ITA) just 2\u00a0sec. \u201cGood run, 59\u00a0min 47.4\u00a0sec while Unrestricted \u201cWeegee\u201d (USA) 58:36 happy for the moment staying within the \u201cLui\u201d (ITA) 1:14:13 being!\u201d he wrote map boundaries. No SpongeBob SquarePants: 100% \u201czoast\u201d (USA) 21:57.4 afterwards. one else has broken Battle for Bikini Bottom (Xbox) \u201crcdrone\u201d (USA) the 1-hr barrier. \u201cRealAlphaGamer\u201d (USA) 40:56 Super\u00a0Mario Odyssey Spyro the Dragon Any% 28:15 (Any%; No Assists) With an approval \u201csketodara01417\u201d (JPN) 1:23:07 \u201cTyron18\u201d (ITA) rating of 97.48%, Super Mario 64 (N64) 120 Star; N64 completed Mario\u2019s Portal\u00a02 remains \u201cZudu\u201d (USA) 27:29.5 2017 world-hopping the highest-rated Super Mario Bros. (NES) Any% adventure on the videogame on Steam. \u201cLiquidWiFi\u201d (AUS) 7:48.1 Nintendo Switch Super Mario Galaxy (Wii) Any%; Mario \u201cPurple\u201d (UK) (version 1.3.0) in The Simpsons: 1:22:45 58\u00a0min\u00a036\u00a0sec. Hit\u00a0&\u00a0Run (All Story Super Mario Maker 2 (Switch) Story Mode (Any%); \u201cbryonato\u201d (USA) 1:09:10 Missions; PC) No\u00a0Luigi Assist \u201cbezzles\u201d (UK) Super Mario Odyssey \u201cLiquidWiFi\u201d (AUS) 1:19:41 is the second most saved Spring\ufb01eld Super Mario Odyssey (Switch) Any%; 1P \u201cShayy\u201d (USA) 18.0 popular title on from disaster in \u201cVitek\u201d (USA) Speedrun.com, with 1\u00a0hr 22\u00a0min 45\u00a0sec. Super Mario Sunshine (Wii) Any%; Normal \u201cAlaskaxp2\u201d (USA) 55:37 12,451\u00a0runs logged Developed by Radical 2:11 as of 22 Apr 2020. Entertainment, the Super Mario World (SNES) 96 Exit The\u00a0game that beats 22nd instalment 16:35 it also features the in The Simpsons Super Metroid (SNES) Any% popular plumber videogame franchise \u2013\u00a0see\u00a0below. was released in 2003, The Legend of Zelda (NES) Any% No Up+A; NES and is an open-world action-adventure The Legend of Zelda: No Major Glitches; heavily in\ufb02uenced by A Link to the Past (SNES) Any% Grand Theft Auto\u00a0III. The Legend of Zelda: Any% Breath of the Wild (Switch) The Legend of Zelda: Any% Ocarina of Time (N64) The Simpsons: Hit & Run (PC) All Story Missions; PC The SpongeBob SquarePants Any% Movie (Xbox) Titanfall 2 (PC) Any%; Standard Tom Clancy\u2019s Rainbow Six Siege Situations; Situation (PC) #01 - CQB Basics; Normal Undertale (Linux) Neutral; 1.00-1.001 Untitled Goose Game (Xbox One) Any% Wii Sports Resort (Wii U) All Sports Source: Speedrun.com; timings stated as hr:min:sec The most speedrun game 181 is Super Mario 64 (Nintendo, 1996). As of 22\u00a0Apr 2020, 14,499\u00a0runs had been logged on Speedrun.com.","GAMING Action Adventure Best-selling action-adventure videogame Rockstar\u2019s felonious Grand Theft Auto\u00a0V (2013) had racked up sales of more than 120\u00a0million units, according to \ufb01gures released in Feb 2020 by its publisher, Take-Two Interactive. GTA V\u2019s online mode alone generated more than $1 bn (\u00a3770 m) in just its \ufb01rst four years. Largest cast for a videogame A total of 1,200 actors appeared in the\u00a0Wild West adventure Red Dead Redemption\u00a0II (Rockstar Games, 2018). Around 500 of these provided motion-capture performances. Most achieved Platinum trophy Most followers on Instagram Most BAFTA award nominations As of 17\u00a0Mar 2020, a total of for\u00a0a\u00a0videogame director for\u00a0a\u00a0videogame\u00a0(single year) 182,420\u00a0players had obtained the As of 30\u00a0Apr 2020, Hideo Kojima (JPN) In 2020, two titles were nominated for 11\u00a0BAFTA \u201cEnjoy Your Powers\u201d Platinum had 1,193,983 followers on Instagram. gaming awards: Death Stranding (Kojima trophy while playing inFAMOUS: The Metal\u00a0Gear director released the Productions, 2019, top) and Control (Remedy Second Son (Sucker Punch dystopic action title Death Stranding Entertainment, 2019, above). At the live-streamed Productions, 2014) on the PS4, through Kojima Productions in Nov\u00a02019 ceremony on 2\u00a0Apr, only the former picked up a according to PSNPro\ufb01les. To win (see right). trophy, for Technical Achievement. The games the virtual prize, the game had to share a link through Hideo Kojima, who developed be played through at least twice, Most BAFTA award nominations Death Stranding and has a voice cameo in Control. around 20 hr of work \u2013 relatively for\u00a0a\u00a0videogame little for a dedicated gamer! The Last of Us (Naughty Dog, 2013) and its downloadable content, Left Behind (2014), First console videogame received a total of 12\u00a0BAFTA nominations. with a \u201csave\u201d feature The games won seven awards across two The international release of the NES classic years, with a Best Performance double The Legend of Zelda (1987) used a cartridge for\u00a0Ashley Johnson, who played Ellie with a battery-powered memory chip that in both titles. could store the game state when the console was turned off. Thankfully, \u201csave\u201d soon Most critically acclaimed videogame became a\u00a0standard\u00a0feature of most games. Released for the N64 in 1998, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (Nintendo) is Most money pledged for the only videogame to score 99% on a\u00a0Kickstarter\u00a0videogame Metacritic. The title brought the action- Fans of the epic action-RPG series Shenmue adventure gameplay and epic storytelling were left on a cliffhanger when the series of the earlier Zelda games (see left) was cancelled in 2001, after just two games. and combined them with stunning It was easy to understand why they rushed 3D graphics. IGN predicted that the for their wallets when Shenmue III appeared game would \u201cshape the on Kickstarter in 2015. The game raised action RPG genre for $6.3\u00a0m (\u00a34 m) on the crowdfunding site, years to come\u201d. and set a new record for the fastest $1\u00a0m in pledges for a crowdfunded videogame (1\u00a0hr 44\u00a0min). Shenmue\u00a0III was \ufb01nally released on\u00a019\u00a0Nov 2019. rGWeTami(imOim2aVc0eseia0Ctrhert(7uiu2arn)bea0saaedl1bnCo(1fed2foo)e0r.n3n0tsDh2oSe)le, 182","GAMING Platformers Most followed videogame character on\u00a0Twitter The of\ufb01cial Twitter account for Sonic the Hedgehog (@sonic_hedgehog) had 5,853,082 followers as of 30 Apr 2020. This eclipsed Sega\u2019s own account, which\u00a0had 1,805,238. Sonic\u2019s Twitter is well known for its posting style, which is done as though straight from the hedgehog\u2019s\u00a0mouth. Highest-rated platform videogame on Steam Fastest completion of Yoshi\u2019s Crafted World First gaming system to use a D-pad Terraria (Re-Logic, 2011) is a 2D block-building The big names in platforming all made the The Donkey Kong Game & Watch, game that features extensive amounts of combat jump from 2D side-scrollers to 3D worlds released in 1982, was a hugely and platforming. As of 23\u00a0Mar 2020, it had earned in the mid-1990s, but in recent years some in\ufb02uential piece of hardware. It a rating of 96.77%, according to steamdb.info. have chosen to hop back. Nintendo\u2019s 2019 replaced the heavy-duty control With\u00a0425,831\u00a0positive reviews, it is also Steam\u2019s stick used in the 1981 Donkey Kong most liked platform videogame. side-scroller Yoshi\u2019s Crafted World has arcade machine with a compact been a hit with \u201cdirectional pad\u201d. This innovation both young allowed games such as Donkey Kong gamers and \u2013 the \ufb01rst platform game \u2013 to be played at home. First use of cutscenes to tell a story in\u00a0a\u00a0videogame veteran platform fans, who have shunned Designed by Shigeru Miyamoto in Kyoto, the game\u2019s \u201cmellow\u201d mode in favour of Japan, the original Donkey Kong arcade game the more challenging \u201cclassic\u201d setting. was released by Nintendo in Jul\u00a01981. Japanese speedrunner and Yoshi superfan It contained a complete story told in \u201cbe_be_be_\u201d was top of the leaderboard as cutscenes throughout the game: for of 11 Mar 2020, having completed the game example, the introductory animation in\u00a0just 2\u00a0hr 20\u00a0min 57\u00a0sec. showing Jumpman\/Mario\u2019s girlfriend being abducted by the titular gorilla. Most crossover characters in\u00a0a\u00a0platform\u00a0videogame First Disney platform videogame Most platform videogames starred Fiendish indie platformer Super Meat Boy Mouse-branded side-scroller Mickey in\u00a0as\u00a0a\u00a0playable character (Team Meat, 2010) features 18\u00a0playable Mousecapade came out on the NES in As of 26\u00a0Mar 2020, Sonic had been playable in cameo appearances from different 1988. It cleared a path for future Disney 41\u00a0platform videogames \u2013 six ahead of Mario gaming series, including Half-Life (Valve platform classics such as DuckTales\u00a0(1989) (see\u00a0left). The hectic hedgehog debuted in the Corporation, 1998), Braid (Number None, and Castle of\u00a0Illusion Starring Mickey 1991\u00a0Sega Mega Drive classic Sonic the Hedgehog. 2008), World of Goo (2D Boy, 2008) and Mouse\u00a0(1990). In\u00a02020, a \ufb01lm of the same name was released, with Minecraft (Mojang, 2011). The crossover Ben Schwartz voicing the spiky speedster (above). was a heart-warming display of indie Most ubiquitous developer solidarity, and helped the videogame\u00a0character game become a huge hit on both PC and Mario had appeared in 225\u00a0distinct consoles. In 2021, Meat Boy and Bandage videogame titles as of 23\u00a0Apr 2020, excluding remakes and re-releases. Girl are set to\u00a0return\u00a0for the sequel, In addition to his 35 platforming Super\u00a0Meat\u00a0Boy\u00a0Forever. adventures, Mario has also turned his hand to medicine (Dr.\u00a0Mario), \ufb01ne art (Mario Artist: Paint Studio) and all manner of sports, including tennis and kart racing. Mario has also made the most appearances of a character on the top 50 best-selling videogames \u2013 14. 183","GAMING Sports Most Twitch channels Most critically acclaimed Most critically acclaimed \ufb01tness videogame for\u00a0a\u00a0sports\u00a0videogame sports\u00a0videogame Ring Fit Adventure (Nintendo, 2019) had worked At its peak on 6\u00a0Sep 2019, NBA\u00a02K20 Tony Hawk\u2019s Pro Skater\u00a02 (Activision, 2000) on up a score of 83% on Metacritic as of 9\u00a0Mar 2020. (2K Sports) was being streamed the PlayStation has earned a score of 98% Players control their characters in this action RPG simultaneously on 3,029\u00a0Twitch on\u00a0Metacritic. It is one of only four games by wearing Ring-Con and Leg Strap accessories, channels. There have been 21\u00a0main (including Soulcalibur; see opposite) to which\u00a0enable their movements to be monitored. instalments in the NBA\u00a02K series, have\u00a0achieved this rating. which had shipped 90\u00a0million Most FIFA\u00a020 Ultimate Team draft units\u00a0as of 7\u00a0Apr 2020, according to Best-selling sports videogame matches\u00a0won\u00a0in 24 hours VGChartz, making it the\u00a0best-selling Wii Sports, Nintendo\u2019s 2006 \ufb01ve-game On 16\u201317 Mar 2020, Brandon basketball videogame series. compendium title featuring tennis, bowling, Smith (UK) won 63\u00a0matches golf, boxing and baseball, had shipped in 24\u00a0hr playing in Chichester, Best-selling American football 82.88\u00a0million units as of 7\u00a0Apr 2020. West Sussex, UK. Brandon, videogame series who live-streamed his record As of 9\u00a0Mar 2020, an estimated Its popularity was boosted by the fact attempt to raise money for the 130\u00a0million units had been shipped that\u00a0it was bundled with\u00a0the Wii for the Cancer Research and Young of Electronic Arts\u2019 Madden\u00a0NFL console\u2019s release. Minds charities, won every series. Named after the famous single match and a total of sportscaster, John Madden Football Best-selling sports videogame series 15\u00a0drafts. made its debut on 1\u00a0Jun 1988. As of 7\u00a0Apr 2020, EA\u2019s FIFA titles had netted Madden NFL 20, the most recent total sales of 282.4\u00a0million. FIFA\u00a020, the 27th edition of the longest-running instalment in the series, was\u00a0released on sports videogame series, was 27\u00a0Sep 2019. released on 2\u00a0Aug 2019 \u2013 31\u00a0years 62\u00a0days later. The highest-ranking FIFA\u00a020 esports player is \u201cFnatic Tekkz\u201d, aka Donovan Hunt (UK), who had amassed 5,420\u00a0points playing the game on Xbox as of 9\u00a0Mar 2020. Longest FIFA marathon Chris Cook (UK) spent 48\u00a0hr 49\u00a0min 41\u00a0sec playing FIFA\u00a015 (EA Canada, 2014) on 5\u20137\u00a0Nov 2014 in London, UK. Towards the end of his attempt, Chris was resting his hands in buckets of ice between games! bsytaMaPraas\u201cBwTtcdowriaudniwalcrepkasklsn.\u00a0etoL2sM\u201dcISf1cVoaufo6ovhpt()ersc.oerehmreeeds\u2019 First of\ufb01cial World Cup soccer game 184 Released in 1986, World Cup Carnival proved a critical own-goal for developers US Gold. It scored 0% in one review and was so easy that players could walk the ball into the net. Longest-running horse-racing videogame\u00a0series On 12\u00a0Mar 2020, Winning Post\u00a09 2020 (Koei Tecmo) came out 26\u00a0years 289\u00a0days after the \ufb01rst title in the franchise. The original Winning Post was released for the Japan-only Sharp X68000 computer on 28\u00a0May 1993. Longest single game of Football Manager Sepp Hedel (DEU) completed 333\u00a0seasons on Football Manager\u00a02017 (Sports Interactive, 2016), as\u00a0con\ufb01rmed on 25\u00a0Sep 2019. He managed just three clubs, including a 200-year stint at Indian side Bengaluru FC. Sepp\u2019s virtual trophy cabinet groans with 729\u00a0cups and 258\u00a0league titles. He won 11,217 of 15,678\u00a0matches, scoring 42,672\u00a0goals.","GAMING Versus First secret character in\u00a0a\u00a0\ufb01ghting\u00a0videogame Mortal Kombat (Midway, 1992) had a hidden \ufb01ghter named Reptile that players could unlock. They had to obtain two Flawless Victories in the \u201cPit\u201d stage without blocking. This had to be done while a silhouette was visible in front of the Moon, which only occurred once every sixth game. Most critically acclaimed Largest character roster Best-selling racing videogame series \ufb01ghting\u00a0videogame in\u00a0a\u00a0\ufb01ghting\u00a0game High-octane street-racer franchise Need for Speed The Dreamcast version of Soulcalibur Players of Fire Pro Wrestling Returns (EA) had shipped 150\u00a0million copies as of 2\u00a0Mar (Namco, 1999) had a Metacritic (Spike Chunsoft, 2005) could select from 2020. It had outsold Nintendo\u2019s Mario Kart series by score of 98% as of 3\u00a0Mar 2020. The 327\u00a0characters. Owing to licensing issues, almost 8\u00a0million units. There have been 24\u00a0titles weapons-based 3D \ufb01ghter, the most many of them were likenesses of real-life between 1994\u2019s The\u00a0Need for Speed and 2019\u2019s Need critically acclaimed Dreamcast wrestlers from Japan, Mexico and the USA, for Speed: Heat, making it the most\u00a0proli\ufb01c racing game, was in overall joint-second who could be signed up for bouts such as videogame series. place on the review aggregator site. the\u00a0Exploding Barbed Wire Deathmatch. For the most critically acclaimed videogame, see p.182. Fastest completion of the Rocket League GWR \u201cBouncing Shot Challenge\u201d Most proli\ufb01c \ufb01ghting videogame series Rocket League\u2019s (Psyonix, 2015) combination There have been a total of 177\u00a0different of cars and soccer is a favourite of record- Street Fighter games (including ports) breakers, so GWR has created a series of since the original\u2019s release in 1987. This custom in-game records to test their re\ufb02exes. excludes crossover \ufb01ghting games without On 19 Nov 2019, Immanuel Sampath (IND) \u201cStreet\u00a0Fighter\u201d in the title, such as Marvel\u00a0vs completed the \u201cBouncing Shot Challenge\u201d in Capcom: Clash of Super Heroes (1999), and 59.39\u00a0sec at the WAFI mall in Dubai, UAE. also\u00a0the\u00a0Puzzle\u00a0Fighter series. Largest esports prize pool Best-selling \ufb01ghting videogame Highest-ranked Street Fighter\u00a0V player for\u00a0a\u00a0single\u00a0tournament Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (Nintendo, As of 4\u00a0Mar 2020, \u201cTokido\u201d, aka Hajime The International Dota\u00a02 Championships 2019 2018) had shipped 17.68\u00a0million Taniguchi (JPN), had accumulated a had a total prize pot of $34,330,068 (\u00a327,918,800). copies as of 3\u00a0Mar 2020. It is the lifetime score of 335,813 playing Capcom\u2019s It grew from a base of $1.6 m (\u00a31.3\u00a0m) thanks \ufb01fth instalment of the crossover 2016 one-on-one battler, according to the to in-game purchases available throughout the franchise, in which characters from \ufb01ghting game site Shoryuken. Known tournament to players around the world. The games such as Super Mario and for his\u00a0mastery with Akuma, Hajime is championships were held on 20\u201325 Aug 2019 at The\u00a0Legend of Zelda do battle. referred to as one of the \u201cFive Gods\u201d, a term the\u00a0Mercedes-Benz\u00a0Arena in Shanghai, China. coined for the players considered the most The highest-ranked Super Smash dominant and in\ufb02uential Bros. Ultimate player is \u201cMkLeo\u201d, aka in \ufb01ghting games. Leonardo L\u00f3pez P\u00e9rez (MEX, inset). He tops the leaderboards at Panda Global Rankings and Orionrank. One famous face you won\u2019t see in Super Smash Bros. 185 is the blocky 3D James Bond from 1997 N64 classic GoldenEye\u00a0007. Legal issues keep him off the roster.","GAMING Creative Highest-rated videogame developed using\u00a0RPG Maker Rakuen (2017) had scored 84 out of 100 on Metacritic as of 25\u00a0Mar 2020. The game was created by singer-songwriter Laura Shigihara (JPN\/USA) using the beginner- friendly game-development tool RPG Maker. It tells the story of a child who escapes to a fantasy world during a long stay in hospital. Least-cleared course Most thumbs-up received Largest pixel art created in Minecraft in\u00a0Super\u00a0Mario Maker for\u00a0a\u00a0creation\u00a0in\u00a0Dreams \u201cMysticlloyd\u201d, aka Lloyd Hancock (AUS), crafted a Nintendo EAD\u2019s 2015 game creation First published on 11\u00a0Feb 2020, \u201cArt\u2019s dramatic image of Fairy Tail\u2019s mage Natsu Dragneel system allows players to build and Dream\u201d is an interactive, movie-length story in Minecraft using 1,988,532 blocks. He began share their own Super Mario levels. that had earned 52,281 signs of approval as work on 25\u00a0Jul 2015 and completed the piece on As of 28\u00a0Feb 2020, the hardest of 28\u00a0Feb 2020. It was created by British game 25\u00a0Oct 2018. Hancock had been inspired by seeing to complete was \u201cLucky Draw\u201d \u2013 developers Media Molecule to demonstrate examples of pixel art on Twitch, including the work cleared just 35\u00a0times from 19,569,423 the possibilities offered by their game- of previous record holder \u201cThorlar Thorlarian\u201d. attempts. Published on 29\u00a0Oct 2018 creation and sharing platform Dreams. by gamer \u201cPhenotype\u201d (NZ), it is governed by a random luck. Players In addition to full games, Dreams players can only pray that the Magikoopas can also make one-off character models above Mario spawn coins to save or set pieces called sculptures. The most him\u00a0from the rising lava. Best-selling videogame upvoted character model is \u201cMechaWhale\u201d, Longest time spent trying to beat According to \ufb01gures released by Microsoft in May created by \u201cicecreamcheese\u201d. As the name a\u00a0Super\u00a0Mario\u00a0Maker level 2019, sandbox game Minecraft (Mojang\/Microsoft) would suggest, this is a whale with giant Before sharing a stage in Super Mario has sold 176 million copies since its debut in 2011. mechanical legs. It had been given 6,244 Maker, the creator has to prove that it can In addition to these sales, Minecraft is distributed thumbs-up as of 25\u00a0Mar 2020. be completed. \u201cChainChompBraden\u201d, aka as a free-to-play game in China with an estimated Braden Moor (CAN), began making 200 million downloads. As of Sep 2019, Minecraft Most liked indie videogame on Steam \u201cTrials of Death\u201d in Jan\u00a02016. More had 112 million monthly active users. Garry\u2019s Mod (Facepunch Studios, 2006) has than 2,979\u00a0hours of gameplay later received 491,538 positive reviews on Valve\u2019s (that\u2019s equal to 124 days!), he was digital distribution service. This physics- still trying to beat it. His creation engine sandbox is the work of Garry requires pixel-perfect precision over eight minutes of gameplay. Newman (UK). Most starred course on\u00a0Super\u00a0Mario\u00a0Maker Created by \u201cMK8\u201d (USA), \u201cMission: Impossible\u201d has been awarded 413,323\u00a0stars. Gamers have to guide Mario through the level in covert style, adopting disguises including a question block. Most visited videogame evtMgsheorisnenaemSieprdlpfceucu-rrltiaisaostnttifosignutoelgdat2ndoet0osisnorn2fcetnr0hsvco.iorsmureaotsuawlisntae,gl created\u00a0in\u00a0Roblox Roblox is an MMO gaming platform and sandbox videogame that allows users to create their own games for others to play and explore. As of 27\u00a0Feb 2020, \u201cMeepCity\u201d by \u201calexnewtron\u201d had accrued 5,050,061,127 visits. \u201cMeepCity\u201d is an online hang-out where Roblox players can socialise or play simple games. *all measurements taken on 2\u00a0Mar 2020, 186 unless stated otherwise","GAMING Puzzle Most speed-run puzzle videogame There had been 5,171\u00a0submitted runs of Portal (Valve Corporation, 2007) on Speedrun.com as of 28\u00a0Feb 2020. Highest-rated puzzle videogame World of Goo for the Nintendo Wii received a rating of 94 out of 100 on Metacritic, as veri\ufb01ed on 28\u00a0Feb 2020. It was developed by 2D Boy (USA) and released on 13\u00a0Oct 2008. First BAFTA Most concurrent players First auto chess videogame award for a puzzle videogame for\u00a0a\u00a0strategy\u00a0game on Steam In auto chess players recruit armies to \ufb01ght on a The Nintendo DS brain-booster On 26\u00a0May 2019, a total of 192,298\u00a0gamers grid-shaped battle\ufb01eld, with the ensuing carnage Dr\u00a0Kawashima\u2019s Brain Training won did battle on Total War: Three Kingdoms (Sega, directed by the computer. The earliest example the Innovation category at the 2019). The turn-based game puts players of this strategic sub-genre is Dota Auto Chess, 2006\u00a0British Academy Video Games in command of one of the warring factions developed by Drodo Studio as a mod for Defense Awards. The game features a variety during China\u2019s Three Kingdoms era. of\u00a0the Ancients\u00a02 (Dota 2) and released in Jan\u00a02019. of challenges to test players\u2019 little grey cells, including Stroop tests First movie Youngest Tetris and\u00a0sudoku puzzles. based on world champion a puzzle Joseph Saelee (USA) Most proli\ufb01c puzzle-game series videogame won the Classic Tetris Given the vast number of clones and legal On 19\u00a0Dec 2009, World Championship grey areas, pinpointing an exact \ufb01gure for Level-5\u2019s Professor aged 16 on 21\u00a0Oct the number of Tetris variants is a tricky Layton series made its 2018. He defeated process. However, on 1\u00a0Feb 2017, The Tetris silver-screen debut seven-time champion Company revealed that there had been in Professor Layton Jonas Neubauer in approximately 220\u00a0licensed and of\ufb01cial and the Eternal the\u00a0\ufb01nal. variants of Alexey Pajitnov\u2019s classic puzzler. Diva (JPN\/SGP). The anime recounted Joseph is also First console VR puzzle game the adventures of responsible for the On 13\u00a0Oct 2016, Keep Talking and Nobody the Professor and highest score on Explodes was released for PlayStation VR. In his self-proclaimed NES Tetris (NTSC) \u2013 this game, the player wearing the VR headset apprentice Luke as 1,357,428 \u2013 which he has to defuse a bomb using confusing they searched for the set on 28\u00a0Dec 2019. instructions that only their friends can see. secrets to eternal life. Most players in a single competitive puzzle\u00a0videogame match Released on 13\u00a0Feb 2019, Tetris\u00a099 for Nintendo Switch saw the iconic title adopt a battle-royale format, with a total of 99\u00a0gamers able to compete at arranging their tumbling tetrominoes. Clearing rows generates \u201cgarbage\u201d, which combatants can send to their opponents to clutter up their board. 187","GAMING Shooters First FPS Most hours viewed on Twitch for a videogame in one day Maze War was developed by Steve Colley, On 7\u00a0Apr 2020, a limited closed beta test for Riot Games\u2019 Greg Thompson and Howard Palmer forthcoming shooter Valorant racked up a total of 34\u00a0million (all USA) in 1973 on the Imlac PDS-1s viewing hours on Twitch. Riot enabled streamers such as Jaryd at the NASA Ames Research Center in \u201csummit1g\u201d Lazar and F\u00e9lix \u201cxQc\u201d Lengyel to issue access keys California, USA. This \ufb01rst-person shooter to Valorant to their viewers while they also played the game. (FPS) allowed players on networked computers to hunt each other in a 3D maze. Maze\u00a0War didn\u2019t get a commercial release until 1992. Best-selling FPS Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (Valve) had shipped 40 million units as of 9\u00a0Mar\u00a02020. The franchise\u2019s fourth instalment was released in Aug 2012. Most critically Most wins of Fortnite Battle Royale Most wins of the Overwatch World Cup First female in the acclaimed FPS \u201cMixer Ship\u201d (USA) had racked up South Korea won the \ufb01rst three editions Overwatch League Metroid Prime 14,540\u00a0wins on the free-to-play Kim \u201cGeguri\u201d Se-yeon (Retro Studios\/ mass-melee phenomenon as of of\u00a0the Overwatch World Cup in 2016, (KOR) joined the Nintendo, 1\u00a0Apr 2020. This was from a total 2017\u00a0and 2018. Their winning streak Shanghai Dragons in 2002), Perfect Dark of 32,774\u00a0matches, giving him was\u00a0ended by the USA in the 2019 Feb\u00a02018. She rose to (Rare, 2000) and a win ratio of\u00a044.3%. The dead- semi-\ufb01nals. prominence playing Halo: Combat Evolved eyed marksman had spent a total Overwatch (Blizzard, (Bungie, 2001)\u00a0had all of 173\u00a0days 16\u00a0hr 58\u00a0min playing Most Twitch channels for a videogame 2016) as the Tank earned a Metacritic Fortnite, ending the hopes of At its peak on 2\u00a0Feb 2019, there were Hero Zarya, and is score of 97% as of 197,943\u00a0opponents. 66,600\u00a0channels devoted to Fortnite Battle noted for the accuracy 31\u00a0Mar 2020. The Royale (Epic\u00a0Games, 2017) on the\u00a0live- of her aim. In 2019, game with the most streaming platform Twitch. TIME selected Kim critic reviews \u2013 70 as one of its \u201cNext \u2013 was Metroid Prime Highest career earnings playing...* Generation Leaders\u201d (above). It was the \ufb01rst \u2022 Counter-Strike: Global Offensive: for her esports game in the franchise $1,764,521 (\u00a31,418,050) by \u201cXyp9x\u201d, achievements. to use a \ufb01rst-person aka\u00a0Andreas H\u00f8jsleth (DNK). perspective. \u2022 Call of Duty: $810,909 (\u00a3651,684) by \u201cCrimsix\u201d, aka Ian Porter (USA). \u2022 Overwatch: $219,730 (\u00a3176,585) by \u201cGesture\u201d, aka Hong Jae-hee, and \u201cPro\ufb01t\u201d, aka\u00a0Park Joon-yeong (both\u00a0KOR). *All records correct according to esportsearnings.com as of 29 Apr 2020. Best-selling\u00a0FPS\u00a0series Activision Blizzard\u2019s Call of Duty series has shipped a total of 300\u00a0million\u00a0units, as veri\ufb01ed by VGChartz on 4\u00a0Feb 2020. Since its \ufb01rst release in 2003, the combat title has expanded its horizons from its initial World War\u00a0II setting to the Vietnam War, modern con\ufb02icts and\u00a0even outer space. Call of Duty\u00a0is\u00a0also the most proli\ufb01c FPS\u00a0series with 29\u00a0titles, excluding DLC and expansions. In 2020, Activision Blizzard released Call of Duty: Warzone (pictured), a battle-royale-style addition to the series. 188","RPG Most Golden Joystick awards won by a Most critically acclaimed RPG Most proli\ufb01c RPG series videogame As of 6\u00a0Mar 2020, Mass Effect\u00a02 The Final Fantasy franchise (Square Enix, CD Projekt Red\u2019s action (BioWare, 2010) for the Xbox 360 had 1987\u2013present) has a total of 61\u00a0titles. Though RPG The Witcher III: Wild blasted its way to a Metascore of 96 not all of its RPGs, such as Chocobo\u2019s\u00a0Dungeon, Hunt (2015) has netted seven on Metacritic (based on 98 reviews). bear the series\u2019 name, they feature the trophies at the long-running The action-packed role-playing same recurring spells, items and magical UK gaming awards. It won game (RPG) enjoys artistic as well creatures \u2013 not to mention the bumbling Most\u00a0Wanted in 2013 and 2014, as critical acclaim; the Smithsonian sword hunter, Gilgamesh. before adding Best Storytelling, American Art Museum featured Best Visual Design, Best Gaming the game in its 2012 exhibition Fastest 100% completion of Baten Kaitos: Moment, Ultimate Game of the The\u00a0Art\u00a0of\u00a0Videogames. Eternal Wings and the Lost Ocean Year and Studio of the Year (for On 24 Dec 2016, \u201cBaffan\u201d completed every CD\u00a0Projekt\u00a0Red) in 2015. Best-selling MMO videogame quest and acquired every item in Namco\u2019s Across its various expansions, the 2003 magical adventure in 341\u00a0hr 20\u00a0min The massively\u00a0multiplayer online (MMO) 3\u00a0sec. This legendary 14-day speed run \u2013 $eit9asm5rln\u00a0oibfferreneaWdtPni(tama\u00a3ohcnr7khaes6\u00e9ine!s\u2013m\u00a0sbeSttnotihhman)aaroatsv\u2019tseedr World of Warcraft (Blizzard, 2004) one\u00a0of\u00a0the longest in gaming had sold 36.9\u00a0million copies as \u2013 owes its length to the need of\u00a05\u00a0Mar\u00a02020. for some items to \u201cupgrade\u201d via real-time progressing. World of Warcraft has also For example, it takes c.\u00a0336\u00a0hr recorded the\u00a0most\u00a0Twitch channels for the \u201cShampoo\u201d item for\u00a0an\u00a0RPG\u00a0videogame, with a\u00a0peak to\u00a0become of\u00a019,080 on 26 Aug 2019. \u201cSplendid Hair\u201d! Best-selling tactical RPG As of 5 Mar 2020, Fire Emblem: Fates (Intelligent Systems, 2015) had sold 2.94\u00a0million copies according to VGChartz. Developed as a swansong to the series, Fates sold many more units than its predecessor. It combines RPG play with tactical elements such as squad battles. Longest-running RPG series On 27 Sep 2019, Dragon Quest\u00a0XI\u00a0S (Square Enix) was released 33\u00a0years 123\u00a0days after the franchise\u2019s \ufb01rst game, Dragon Quest, appeared on 27 May 1986. Best-selling RPG series The Pok\u00e9mon series had shifted 295.87 million units as of 5\u00a0Mar 2020, according to VGChartz. This total only includes RPGs \u2013 there have been other franchise spin-offs such as Pokk\u00e9n Tournament (2016) and the hit mobile game Pok\u00e9mon GO (2016), which has\u00a0been downloaded more than a billion times. The \ufb01rst game, Pok\u00e9mon Red, Green and Blue (Game Freak, 1996), is the best-selling RPG. It alone has shifted 31.38\u00a0million\u00a0units. 189","GAMING GAMING 1f:GrJo2W\u201cam:HRdFR3oeewte:FrnjhclaoTaozlee4toa\u201dsrohrFt:twFnegJtpe5onJiodondra:\ufb01laiATrnutitdFcdhtcnneergrkenoaeitaieWieseitch(tnnmteleusduuemo\u2019eg\u2019s.spswfrrWtLhutsolmioAe)adiismoncrlsazsarvCeeaanh,rlseevupdreLidceiresputacioCShstrJsc;ostrouuyateiiroapattrtpe,rdypnhddlwwds-a\ufb01hdiiadbiayiunwndynturpsemgh,eaeirrr\u201cst:salishohiCtsoJnimkyfnaiDrgaensilJdieneaanNmoattedvrghrdldienopzseoeearwhoy\u201dlpunfu2tihttYsn.0gebhyo.s1roar!9xtk. HJAaLLTdOFeFnAMEAshmanthBherDocyi$atneo\u2019aisv2vnesihgoeen.hnte2oegmJga5ugeosoohg-aafrtunmtiemsrjocsgutrnnohhe(sss(\u00a3nar$kte2ta1ki1J1Ji7erp.mlaaa5\u00a08lenmJedds\u00a0-\u201cueydrcmeeRiielfnonnel\u2013eoa2)lnn\u2019,isFjcrp0toaosgoshta1rkn\u201dtrrrti9a2a)atzotbeit2nnetgIiensi\u201c\u2019opTnm9irlatiWsnetmotlllta\u00a0VmveesdyyNapohkn.oi\u2019ods:rawwptssbeiAelcsinn\u201cny\ufb01awowievGnieensWseAinglettieracnoglid,eeyoonYzfgtfiosrovpeJglnstbsi\u201duoginbetdnae\ufb01ia,lpogttrrsbladl\u00a0eedrdidtlecclMeapoke,iamdoytdeeekyagvstriaswpolCdlotnveotetepsayodirbfreseeigdowlantioonsoitbud,odtettaprzhrytiruooheowebcnensne,mroittdfdcrkoaamtUogohasfovwatekahstale.unheiwBfStttvm.eeicwriTsnhropaetyrAtetAhdhd.hUhhiu\u2019eeimbrelwts.tet\u201csogwaoedefSearhgHBntGnp,ohiurfneAihati1Ffrwoneelirotlehilwmeya0!iontuhransttrhabJoer\u00a0meogiyp\u00a3ehgehianttrsiapen5odicnhootehdeewdtiynedrhrg0iufenaanebttoocstidD,,torkehtlmnsi0etvchluhJtsdha.fgiiWg0haeahteansfAeesvaeaahd0eoymshskaaoegaasmndee\u2026otcn(riietphmos.rn$asllsoleri\u201dssplHpdfmychn6\u2019sesvpstsLlhlNtuo6i\u2026ogeeCtiiophagsmacoitnr,wnnoiupm0naeazadartnwupoathan0matif!tnotci\u201domovpbrar0,edgoDdueetruJtpe)pnnuaalrrfLtcsaeuroethdofohitaoetmyrorsoeemhripearhsnea,oaaiiidstnhsrsst!eogarnenstaohsnwsaitng 1 2 3","4 FHignaudlilnoounf tFemsasmowreeosraelbcdotriueotcnJoaartddwesn.wcionwmt.h\/e2021 aSaKceatcearoastAmsFomllondmTr\u00a0oeFteofbnirdvfuiroteaateuetia\u2019nersdn.ddin 5 Jbaiy(ndpTefthrrhhneoiee\u2019scmslfigfasaeacitcoatomtentntre.wht)priaHasoltsaliwhlsymeie,crdrhauepadoslltyaeiehcydteaeherlarwoltnsuthohegXnavehbnhetmoriatxmyoomwOrooehfonnfrueeelerrsicmneego.e.raneprtaklratoaeulbrldeleirts 191 asPFRtJoyiaacArlidkentbneadbhoinxoataveerwhfte\u2019vtsroo,eeeSlocsdrpmlotslsoisian.cntsgaleih,eosft 190","Pop Culture The Lion King Disney Theatrical Productions\u2019 stage-musical version of The Lion King \u2013 directed by Tony-winner Julie Taymor \u2013 is not only the world\u2019s highest-grossing musical theatre show but also the most successful single entertainment title in box-of\ufb01ce history, having surpassed $9.1\u00a0bn (\u00a36.9\u00a0bn). This includes grosses from its\u00a0Broadway run along with those from\u00a0overseas productions (pictured is\u00a0the London cast), and domestic and\u00a0international\u00a0tours. As of the week ending 1\u00a0Mar 2020, the Broadway production alone had grossed $1,680,389,582 (\u00a31,310,480,000) since previewing in Oct\u00a01997, making it the most successful Broadway musical and Broadway production ever. Pictured inset is Tshidi\u00a0Manye, who plays Ra\ufb01ki on\u00a0Broadway. The stage version of The Lion King has a book by Roger Allers and Irene Mecchi. It features songs by rock icon Elton John 192 with lyrics by Tim Rice and other songwriters.","DESTINATIONS 194 At the Movies 196 Animated Movies 198 Movie Memorabilia 200 Music 202 TV 204 Social Media 206 Toys & Games 208 Round-Up 210 Hall of Fame: The Simpsons Juob\u201cnrTeigLLghciliioeoenhni\u201dnTaanK,shlKnibjtenudgiiungtenotlgdegnoi\u2019tl.s\u2019fwetWhtslahai!hvsedeyt?o 193","POP CULTURE At the Movies Highest-grossing lead actor Highest-grossing movie series (average) Most bankable lead ensemble actor The 29\u00a0movies starring Robert In terms of mean gross per instalment, The-Numbers.com uses its \u201cBankability Index\u201d Downey Jr (USA) in the lead role have Marvel\u2019s Avengers series (USA, 2012\u201319) to rank the monetary value that an individual taken $14,380,708,898 (\u00a311.60\u00a0bn) Hulk-smashes all the competition with brings to a \ufb01lm. Chris Evans (USA, pictured globally to date. These include his $7,767,987,269 (\u00a36.26\u00a0bn) earned across in 2019\u2019s Knives Out) currently tops the chart outings as Iron Man in the Marvel four\u00a0releases. That works out at an average as a lead ensemble actor, with $7,371,537 Cinematic Universe. of $1.94\u00a0bn (\u00a31.56\u00a0bn) per movie. (\u00a35.9\u00a0m) per movie. Boosting his status are nine credited (and\u00a0two uncredited) appearances in Downey Jr\u2019s fellow Avenger Most successful sports-movie franchise Marvel movies. Below, you\u2019ll \ufb01nd a list of other Scarlett Johansson (USA) is the The Rocky movies \u2013 Rocky (1976), Rocky II Hollywood\u00a0notables whose presence regularly highest-grossing lead actress. (1979), III (1982), IV (1985), V (1990), Rocky tallies with box-of\ufb01ce gold. The 16\u00a0movies in which she has Balboa (2006), Creed (2015) and Creed\u00a0II (2018; starred have taken $13,685,988,403 all USA) \u2013 had grossed $1,513,939,512 (\u00a31.18 Most bankable\u2026 (\u00a311.04\u00a0bn) worldwide. bn) worldwide as of 1\u00a0Mar 2020. The series charts the life of \ufb01ctional boxer Robert Actor Tom Cruise (USA) $22,186,586 (\u00a317.9\u00a0m) \u201cRocky\u201d Balboa, aka \u201cThe Italian Stallion\u201d $10,158,997 (\u00a38.2\u00a0m) (portrayed by Sylvester Stallone), and, Actress Emma Watson (UK) $14,092,784 (\u00a311.3\u00a0m) latterly, Adonis \u201cDonnie\u201d Creed (Michael B Jordan), the son of Balboa\u2019s best friend and Supporting actor Jon Favreau (USA) $7,436,541 (\u00a36.0\u00a0m) former rival Apollo Creed. Supporting actress Robin Wright (USA) AT THE OSCARS Lead ensemble Scarlett Johansson (USA) $8,484,169 (\u00a36.8\u00a0m) Most nominations for a living person actress As of 13\u00a0Jan 2020, composer John Williams $14,011,010 (\u00a311.3\u00a0m) (USA) had received 52 Academy Award Director Zack Snyder (USA) $15,643,296 (\u00a312.6\u00a0m) nominations (winning \ufb01ve). His \ufb01rst came in 1968 for Valley of the Dolls (USA, 1967), and Producer Kathleen Kennedy (USA) $11,036,356 (\u00a38.9\u00a0m) he has since gone on to be nominated, often multiple times, at 36 Oscar ceremonies, Composer Alan Silvestri (USA) securing the record for the most decades All \ufb01gures as of 1\u00a0Apr 2020 in which to receive a nomination \u2013 seven. His 2020 nomination was for Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (USA, 2019). Highest-grossing R-rated movie Highest-grossing movie Joker (USA, 2019), starring based on a videogame Joaquin Phoenix, had earned As of 20\u00a0Apr 2020, Pok\u00e9mon: Detective $1,035,731,813 (\u00a3806.5\u00a0m) at the Pikachu (USA\/JPN\/UK\/CAN, 2019) global box of\ufb01ce by 25\u00a0Nov 2019. It had grossed $433,005,346 (\u00a3346.2\u00a0m) is also the \ufb01rst R-rated movie to at the worldwide box of\ufb01ce. The gross $1\u00a0billion, a \ufb01gure it passed \ufb01lm \u2013 the \ufb01rst live-action Pok\u00e9mon movie \u2013 stars a deerstalker-hatted on the weekend of 16\u201317\u00a0Nov Pikachu (voiced\u00a0by Ryan Reynolds), 2019. The \u201corigin\u201d movie offers who teams up with Tim Goodman, a one possible backstory for the former Pok\u00e9mon trainer, to help him title character \u2013 Batman\u2019s arch- \ufb01nd his missing\u00a0father in Ryme City. nemesis \u2013 tracing his decline from well-meaning stand-up comedian to psychopathic villain. It was partly inspired by the 1988 graphic novel Batman: The Killing Joke, by Alan\u00a0Moore and Brian Bolland. All box-of\ufb01ce \ufb01gures from The-Numbers.com as of 31\u00a0Mar 2020, unless otherwise indicated Joaquin Phoenix won the Best Actor Oscar \u2013 his \ufb01rst from four nominations \u2013 at the 2020 Academy Awards; his powerful performance also earned him 194 trophies at the BAFTAs, Golden Globes and Screen Actors Guild.","POP CULTURE Highest-grossing actor at the Most nominations for a director (living) Highest-grossing spy movie series global box of\ufb01ce (supporting roles) In 2020, Martin Scorsese (USA) received his The 26 movies in the James Bond franchise, from Films featuring Warwick Davis Dr. No (UK, 1962) to Spectre (UK\/USA, 2015), have (UK) as a supporting actor have ninth Academy Award nomination for The grossed $7,119,674,009 (\u00a35.74\u00a0bn) at the worldwide accumulated a box-of\ufb01ce gross of Irishman (USA, 2019). He had previously box of\ufb01ce to date. As a result of the COVID-19 crisis, $14,529,955,906 (\u00a311.72\u00a0bn). Davis been nominated for cinematic tours de the global launch of the 27th instalment, No Time has appeared in some of cinema\u2019s force such as Raging Bull (USA, 1980) and to Die (UK\/USA, with Daniel Craig, above), was biggest blockbusters of recent times, The Departed (USA, 2006). The latter won postponed until Nov 2020. including several Harry\u00a0Potter and Scorsese his sole Oscar to date. Star Wars movies. The most nominated director overall is William Wyler (DEU\/CHE, 1902\u201381), who was acknowledged for Best Director The 007 highest-grossing James Bond movies 12 times (winning three) between 1936 and\u00a01965. The most Best Director wins is Skyfall (2012) $1,110,526,981 (\u00a3866 m) four (from \ufb01ve nominations), by John Ford (USA, 1894\u20131973) between 1935 and 1952. Spectre (2015) $879,620,923 (\u00a3771 m) Most wins for an international movie Casino Royale (2006) $594,420,283 (\u00a3452 m) Three non-English-language \ufb01lms have each won four Oscars: Fanny and Alexander Quantum of Solace (2008) $591,692,078 (\u00a3445 m) (SWE, 1982) in 1984; Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (TPE, 2000) in 2001; and Parasite Die Another Day (2002) $431,942,139 (\u00a3412 m) (KOR, 2019, see below) in 2020. The World is Not Enough (1999) $361,730,660 (\u00a3366 m) Highest-grossing \ufb01lm Avengers: Endgame (USA, 2019) has GoldenEye (1995) $356,429,941 (\u00a3235 m) grossed $2,797,800,564 (\u00a32.25\u00a0bn). The superhero extravaganza is Source: The-Numbers.com. All UK\/USA. Figures not adjusted for inflation the fourth Avengers movie and the 22nd\u00a0release in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. To date, only four other \ufb01lms have surpassed the $2-bn milestone at the global box of\ufb01ce: Avengers: In\ufb01nity War (USA, 2018); Star Wars Episode VII: The Force Awakens (USA, 2015); Avatar (UK\/ USA, 2009); and Titanic (USA, 1997). First \ufb01lm to win Best International Feature Film and Best Picture Oscars On 9\u00a0Feb 2020, Parasite (KOR, 2019) picked up both these coveted Academy Awards at the annual ceremony in Los Angeles, California, USA. Directed by Bong Joon-ho (inset), this black comedy\/thriller sees the Kims, an impoverished family, pose as servants to in\ufb01ltrate the household of a wealthy family, the Parks, highlighting social inequality in South Korea. The movie stars (left to right, below) Choi Woo-sik, Song Kang-ho, Jang Hye-jin and Park So-dam. Highest-grossing 195 movie series In terms of a series of \ufb01lms with a single, linear narrative, the 12\u00a0movies in the Star\u00a0Wars franchise have grossed $10,320,165,229 (\u00a38.32\u00a0bn). Pictured is Daisy Ridley, who plays Rey in the most recent instalment, The Rise of Skywalker (USA, 2019). The 26\u00a0\ufb01lms in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (see above left) have grossed more than double that \ufb01gure ($22,587,518,639; \u00a318.22\u00a0bn), but don\u2019t \ufb01t into a consistent narrative arc in the same way.","POP CULTURE Animated Movies First anime movie Most Oscars won in a lifetime Highest-grossing remake to win an Oscar Animation legend Walt Disney (USA) won Jon Favreau\u2019s 2019 remake of Disney\u2019s The Lion King (USA, 1994; Sen to Chihiro no 26\u00a0Academy Awards between 1932 and inset) has grossed $1,656,313,097 (\u00a31.25\u00a0bn), overtaking the 2017 kamikakushi, aka 1969. He also received the most Oscar live-action remake of another Disney classic, Beauty and the Beast Spirited Away (JPN, nominations \u2013 64. His last one was tendered (USA, 1991). Although \u201c\ufb01lmed\u201d by Disney\u2019s live- 2001), was awarded posthumously in 1969 for Winnie the Pooh and action division, all but one shot of The\u00a0Lion\u00a0King the Oscar for Best the Blustery Day (USA, 1968), which he won. (USA, 2019) was created digitally Animated Feature by animators. on 23\u00a0Mar 2003. First animated movie nominated for the Best Picture Oscar As of 7\u00a0Jan 2020, No feature-length animated \ufb01lms were the highest-grossing nominated for the prestigious Best Picture Japanese animated Oscar until 1992, when Disney\u2019s Beauty and movie is romantic the Beast (USA, 1991) made the shortlist. fantasy Kimi no na wa, aka Your Name First animation nominated for (JPN, 2016), having a Best Foreign Language Film Oscar taken $359,889,749 Vals Im Bashir, aka Waltz with Bashir (ISR\/DEU\/ (\u00a3274.1\u00a0m). It was FRA\/USA, 2008), was nominated in 2009. written and directed by Makoto Shinkai. Most expensive colour animation cell Most awards won by In 1999, a hand-painted cell from Disney\u2019s The Band an animated short \ufb01lm Concert (USA, 1935), the \ufb01rst Mickey Mouse cartoon As of 31\u00a0Dec 2018, Cuerdas (ESP, 2014), to\u00a0be made in colour, was sold privately for a\u00a0reported written and directed by Pedro Sol\u00eds Garc\u00eda $420,000 (\u00a3259,657). (ESP), had won 384\u00a0awards. It tells the story of a friendship between two children. The most expensive black-and-white animation cell is a drawing from Disney\u2019s The Orphan\u2019s Bene\ufb01t Widest movie release (opening weekend) (USA, 1934), which raised $286,000 (\u00a3174,390) at Released on 19\u00a0Jul 2019, Disney\u2019s remake of The Lion King opened at 4,725\u00a0cinemas in Christie\u2019s in New York City, USA, on 16\u00a0May\u00a01989. North America on its \ufb01rst weekend. (For more on The Lion King, see above.) Fastest animated movie to gross $1\u00a0billion (domestic) Produced by Pixar, Incredibles 2 (USA, 2018) took just 47\u00a0days to gross $1\u00a0bn in North America, the seventh animated \ufb01lm to Highest-grossing First animated movie to gross $1\u00a0billion animated movie series Released in Jun\u00a02010, Toy Story 3 (USA) had The four movies in taken $1\u00a0bn at the worldwide box of\ufb01ce by the Despicable Me December of that year. It grossed $1,063,171,911 franchise released (\u00a3679.1\u00a0m)\u00a0during the six\u00a0months following its as of Jan 2020 have theatrical release. grossed $3,713,742,291 (\u00a32.82\u00a0bn) at the Toy Story (USA, 1995) was worldwide box of\ufb01ce. the \ufb01rst feature-length The most successful computer-animated is Minions (USA, movie. At 1\u00a0hr 21\u00a0min, 2015), which has it remains the shortest made $1,160,336,173 movie in the franchise (\u00a3882.1\u00a0m). A \ufb01fth entry, and the shortest \ufb01lm Minions: The Rise of Gru, produced by\u00a0Pixar so far. is scheduled for release on 3\u00a0Jul 2020. All \ufb01gures from The-Numbers.com, as of 7\u00a0Jan 2020, unless otherwise indicated 196","Reynolds as the titular character \u2013 was the \ufb01rst live-action Pok\u00e9mon movie. Find out more about this release on p.194. The highest-grossing animated \ufb01lm based on a videogame is The\u00a0Angry Birds Movie (USA\/FIN, 2016), which has grossed $349,334,510 (\u00a3265.5\u00a0m) worldwide to date. First animated movie Most viewed animated ntahmAwesKnetHrconrsihaitFraspeynar,toroorsSianz,iwfvnefcse,htnptneot\u2026ior:rsesetd\u2019he Vitagraph\u2019s The Humpty Dumpty movie trailer in 24\u00a0hours Circus (USA, 1897) was conceived Released on 13\u00a0Feb 2019, a by\u00a0the company\u2019s co-founder Albert teaser trailer for Frozen\u00a0II (USA, E Smith (USA, b. UK). He borrowed 2019) was viewed 116.4\u00a0million his daughter\u2019s toy circus and used times in its \ufb01rst 24\u00a0hours across the stop-motion technique to \ufb01lm multiple platforms. In doing so, its acrobats and animals one frame it surpassed the 113.6\u00a0million at a\u00a0time, changing their positions views for the Incredibles\u00a02 trailer very\u00a0slightly between shots. (USA, 2018), which was \ufb01rst shown on\u00a018\u00a0Nov 2017. have reached this landmark. The movie is a\u00a0belated sequel to the acclaimed 2004 \ufb01lm featuring the superhero Parr family. Incredibles\u00a02 is also the highest-grossing animation with an original screenplay, having taken $1,242,805,359 (\u00a3944.8\u00a0m) to date. Only Frozen and Frozen\u00a0II (see right) \u2013 inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale \u201cThe Snow Queen\u201d (1844) \u2013 have performed better at the box of\ufb01ce. Highest-grossing stop-motion movie Aardman Animations\u2019 feature \ufb01lm Chicken\u00a0Run (USA\/UK\/FRA, 2000) has taken $227,793,915 (\u00a3173.1\u00a0m) at the global\u00a0box\u00a0of\ufb01ce to date. Most movie spin-offs Longest Disney animated movie from a videogame series With a running time of 124\u00a0min, Since its debut in 1996, Nintendo\u2019s Pok\u00e9mon Walt Disney\u2019s Fantasia (USA, 1940) had inspired 22\u00a0feature-length animated is the longest of the studio\u2019s \ufb01lms as of 7\u00a0Jan 2020. The premiere of 58\u00a0animated features to date, Pocket Monsters the Movie: Coco, planned for and the only one with a running Jul 2020, was postponed owing to COVID-19. time of more than two hours. Hugely ambitious for its time, it\u2019s now seen Released in 2019, Pok\u00e9mon: Detective as a landmark in animation. In Pikachu (USA\/JPN\/UK\/ one of its most famous sequences, CAN) \u2013 starring Ryan Mickey Mouse appears in the tale of \u201cThe Sorcerer\u2019s Apprentice\u201d (above). Highest-grossing animated movie Frozen II (USA, 2019; inset) has taken $1,324,788,837 (\u00a31\u00a0bn) to date. It also achieved the highest-grossing opening weekend for an animated movie, with avid fans splashing out $358,200,000\u00a0(\u00a3278.9\u00a0m) on its\u00a0debut (22\u201324 Nov). Frozen (USA, 2013) \u2013 now bumped to second place in the list of all-time top-grossing animations \u2013 was co-directed and co-written by\u00a0its creator, Jennifer Lee (USA), making it the \ufb01rst \ufb01lm with a female director to\u00a0gross $1\u00a0billion. 197","Movie Memorabilia1 most expensive props, costumes, posters and scripts ever sold at auction.* P*Blaucyeery\u2019osuprrebmidisumnoiwncflourdethde LMTMYaifo2nehrnoot0aoeos1n11rmt9t\u201c:1rIhS7eHot2aec1xueaht0rpbwliPt(HtnwehUerinot\u00a0oraaSChl-s\ufb01yAlecniyt\u201dlnev,heewol1tceseeuu9koibmrr5tonder\ufb01y5doarsHt)Fettv.lweiesooOissdegxoftrweor.MscinrnAgcoioytdieusbnhn,inctynarDauetoliMcCemlofeycbrana\u2019oesobblrerimwiiofddelouyairoRTognrnnenhdhiyerta1pnoS,8blbeoUe\u00a0yJavleSudetAnsns,. 2 $5,520,000 (\u00a33,417,000) LMTdNsrCohaqhoitagneuys2lhcatat:dthebAreiFmdesacxecsrspvhs,oyaee,iwlsrspicn,ch(olwsCUapivicataSavefhylAonreifrt\ufb02e,7pooml1.arsi3\ufb019sen,o7hxflcimrn7ae5ia,)nw\u00a0o.msmUIftthtSeaissim(Arac2e2dhn,4et8oodJtx8mnoo2\u00a01ch52mi6on0n7luf\u00a0\u00a0olJTStisu)ugar.irchntaSeuatvo2drlbol0ddulta1lai7ybn.s $1,200,000 (\u00a3942,130) Lot 3: eLixopne-nsksiinvecomsteummoerwaibthilhiaufmraonm-hair wig Most 3 TDw1lbtSih9ehokuo3seerenli9ndWngMd)ne.boliGeOseznydsMadnB2rouebe4ldfpoyor\u00a0LNottfiH,anf\u201dLoohoOnarvolrehlznl2\u2019ypysre0wotfi1owarno4ftcooeTteihddmnh.e\u201ceacNaDouWodeilucedsiwttz.ceiuaoCosYrrnvtoodieeebmrorreukfeerA\u00a0iOCsdlBddziwcotir(nyaniiUat,grhhSUnesaAf\u00a0aSoamu,Annlsl.dy. $3,070,000 (\u00a32,515,974) 4 LtMAfiBu2ornuo0troocdqs1um4lrutu7:ge1edoBhay4xiirttsn0eHpbCe-ageyephiktnnparjfheakbsigeswsi.uetvtSaeritaeeocynltl\u2019tmsps\u2019erTscereeiiprsnsfsccfiesTaopLrr\u2019nrisitosfpnynoffw\u2019taresndoaron(aorsUnmylnkfnSso&,iaoAnhlUdCtog,mKaeo1ontd.o9.teoiov6odntn1iregei)ssn2,sn.7ci\u00a0rpSipepeptd \u00a3632,750 ($851,515) 5 LMOtDigboahtnouusutteesbnS5gleltb:ooaeiaeSfdetntrhxpedfgleocyepre\u201caouobteBTcnsorynohhdf\u2019i1ssnne-r9bihdiecv6Munaale5\ufb01umornMldJAsmdspaoetscemcnFstraraotaeseeBnarmetsr.nranMeOBoodr.youwnarS,rnirseConentdCcltiaigdnranamlaSirgorDfceeeonimBtlanmrae15nnabsto5sshcilCa\u00a0remhAeooa,,wiuWnUbangnndiSeoleee2Airrar0lf.dyo1\u201d.r9, $6,385,000 (\u00a35,292,980) 198","LMTciUUfoKnahheoStKcuwaeSsAc6b.rtto\ufb01:\u201cn,aareWrRr1incidcxce9etlokikeepm8ano\u2019ryses0xgdatanK)enoei.tnnsuoonSubditsbotsv\ufb01orhrseileerrdniecdicaehoroekakbaauoxun\u2019tystxsrccch1lr\ufb01eeJthyr\u00a0i.oallOeoollmBcreosncuk-lnntpamgThtgN2rdhhocoe0sieeuoacsvh1\u00a0snSsheio9btehednoioa.iililtptnnttlsifhiriosnroLnrhonognogopam\u2019,dnso(rwUamdpuyioKstsdnhe\/,\u201do,aoonr 10 POP CULTURE \u00a3172,200 ($211,764) 7 LMAta2Bfowta0opteoam1s7loua7t:kso.cCeLtnuFteixuoinseropgweavfnoemotnasunirmanitrs,DoteipwDirvseciaaherxtmcleohiulmsaeeipltnmasoofw,av(treTUhciitnteereeShtxaopAohayt.of,hoesP1Hsr,diis9trUnueto3dShnhrr1eAego)cs,\u00a0la,wlieoaorgsonisnnarsev.nl1iidSocs8a\u2019o.fis\u00a0bNclodmltnoeovloryst 6 $525,800 (\u00a3397,706) LMAdAi5aownilo\u00a0\u201crtriAetXeHse8ripntesc:eirtsetnL(\u00a0aoUt2Hxaoork0KtpmrReRe0ey\/xoy7UiGndar.ibSisupnlTgoeAichsevhdy,tpr\u201deeyi1,Siossrwm9icnuuca7ohotiioi9tttionnvot,)ws\u2019,iniisCecesdosfaomdermocllnaeridiafo-lstooc\ufb01aifnhnagrotehsnbnrastolriHceoiaPersrroa,rrpebkoUoslealyru\ufb01SoonimnSfilAwetittw,nesohioneivesnngis\ufb01eslm. 8 $126,500 (\u00a364,059) LMAwSaoao\ufb01sDhtntonoutccreaPrscri9ot2\u00a0rkntireit:ro6tsieoeeFihobn\u00a0sg\ufb01LnSxinyBibVulempnedearaapkeeasuecocdenrl2kgrtviesonDlS0sii(ranreUia1kaHvrsgss9DyrSese\u201di,ttwa-Aa.svhhiamvTtet,\u201caoenVia1whhlodrdki9aloevyacs-edP8losifmyitree0ronnhd\u2019or)gsaamia.eCwrchmsfStsaaakaesmo\u2013citlhelsrllwhimsdokefioieopbaamnefirrsoendt.sTneidwpcalanhieiinaboueteer,dyrcncwEaUntetcmmhliSheeooepAear-nnnits,rk\u2013e , 9 $1,152,000 (\u00a3928,300) 11 LMOt21ato1h8nr0do9tei\u00a09esdJ91l\ufb01o-tue0o9cgredn:f)msyRxat\u00a0dt2hp(on-uS01tebedat91roanoli77Altnrrs7t,a(igWit3\u2013gatva-t8isaaecfhns3rtknSeeas)7o,mtlamm-faTRuibtnrhoach2l)evWtkee-iuDiPdioCeannh2nflrigoairndstinononfrme1mtfeoos9Cateim(sh7datUmau7elsMiSl.rofvouASeeoarrsnsor,aigeangl2pbeddcii0daineaoil0r.npa(int2UaTlas)Sh.rAtes, $2,760,000 (\u00a32,164,150) 199 LMAHofJoofaoaBtrtmsnh1l3at1eeS5se:JsoT\u00a0Cxey\u00a0lSeduepocciaseahh(trnUcoosDtsSmpobiLApvry--m,ee4HS1.4mata9Sadr\u201c8oorrbel3vWid,l)sai.noaeisPnonrtprnseNeFra-rv\ufb01oeo\u201driwprrtpodiduiwnYsiisgortneloerygaRlkcupouetCnoowtsuirnetnrydne,dby USA,\u00a0on 23\u00a0Jun\u00a02018. $550,000 (\u00a3414,389)"]