LCDC Cadet Handbook SY 19-20 Hyper

Robert G. Cole Middle School LEADERSHIP & CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT CORPS CADET HANDBOOK The Cougar Battalion 1 August 2020

Table of Contents Page Title 3 Program Overview 4 5 Chapter 1: Program Basics 5 Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole Cadet Creed 6 Army Values 6 6 Chapter 2: Citizenship Knowledge 10 National Anthem Pledge of Allegiance 11 The American Flag 12 The Texas Flag 13 13 Chapter 3: Policies and Procedures 14 Standards of Conduct 14 Military Courtesy 15 Classroom Procedures Classroom Rules 16 The Cadet Office 17 Merit and Demerits 18 Grading Policy 21 Chapter 4: Moving Up 22 Command and Staff Organization & Responsibilities 22 Promotions and Reductions 22 Cadet Ranks & Abbreviations 23 Cadet of the Month / Year 23 23 Chapter 5: Wear of the Uniform 24 Uniform Guidelines 24 Personal Appearance Policies 25 Wearing of Jewelry Grooming Standards 1 Care of the Uniform Uniform Components Wearing of Ribbons and Medals Headgear The Cadet Uniform

Title Page Chapter 6: Drill & Ceremony 26 Stationary Movements 28 Marching Movements 30 Squad Formations 33 Detachment Formations 39 Physical Fitness Training Formation 40 Appendices: 41 Appendix A: A Guide to Success 42 Appendix B: Civilian to Military Time Conversion 48 Appendix C: Cadet Awards Appendix D: Mandatory Knowledge 2

Program Overview The LCDC Mission: To develop and inspire leadership skills and character development in middle school students The LCDC program is one of most enjoyable and rewarding experiences a middle school student can undertake. The LCDC is not simply an academic class; it’s a developmental program encompassing all aspects of citizenship, character and leadership. The program focuses on building the self-esteem, the confidence, the skills and the behaviors to become successful and productive students and citizens. Cadets are more than students; they are leaders who are preparing themselves for success in school and in life. Cadets will learn to: Exercise personal responsibility and accountability – Cadets will understand the importance of personal responsibility as a member of the team and as a U.S. Citizen. Cadets will explore values and ethical decision making that serves as the foundation of honorable leadership. Contribute as a member of a team – Cadets will be afforded opportunities to lead in the classroom and as members of a team. Cadets will learn the importance of good followership in the performance of a team and as a leader. Improve physical fitness and emotional resiliency – Cadets will participate in individual and team physical fitness activities. The goal is to improve the level of individual fitness and understanding of healthy eating and fitness habits. Cadets who excel in physical fitness as measured by the cadet challenge standards will be eligible for recognition. Cadets will also learn methods for improving emotional resiliency. Understand the importance of respect and diversity – Cadets will learn that the power of the team lies in individual talents and contributions of a well-balance and cohesive group working toward common objectives. Build self-esteem, confidence and pride – Cadets will be required to wear the cadet uniform at least once per week. The uniform teaches attention to detail, personal pride and the responsibilities of wearing the Army uniform. Cadet promotions and the established award and recognition systems of LCDC encourage goal-setting behaviors, sense of accomplishment, as well as, individual and unit pride. Establish / improve planning and goal-setting behaviors – Cadets will be required to set goals throughout their cadet experience and beyond high school. Cadets learn the importance of backward planning, initiative, perseverance and personal responsibility in meeting goals. . 3

Chapter 1: Program Basics Lieutenant Colonel Robert George Cole Lieutenant Colonel (LTC) Robert G. Cole was born at Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas to Colonel Clarence F. Cole, an Army physician, and Clara H. Cole on 19 March 1915. He graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in San Antonio in 1933 before enlisting in the Unites States Army on 1 July 1934. In June 1935, he was honorably discharged from the Army to accept an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. Upon graduation from West Point he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and assigned to the 15th Infantry at Fort Lewis, Washington. He married Allie Mae Wilson in 1939. LTC Cole remained at Fort Lewis until his reassignment in 1941 to the 501st Parachute infantry Regiment, Fort Benning, Georgia. Promoted quickly to lieutenant colonel, Cole was placed in command of the 3d Battalion, 502d Parachute Infantry Regiment in 1944. On 6 June 1944, LTC Cole and his battalion of more than 400 men parachuted into Normandy, France as part of the D-Day operations. After landing, LTC Cole was ordered to capture the strategically important bridge at Carentan, France. Capture of this bridge intact would allow allied forces move swiftly inland away from the beachhead at Normandy. Facing intense German resistance for control of the bridge, LTC Cole and his battalion fought for several days before he ordered and led a bayonet charge to push German forces off the bridge. His battalion sustained heavy losses in the assault but with the bridge intact allied forces moved quickly to establish a firm hold on Northern France. LTC Cole was recommended for the Medal of Honor for his heroic actions at Carentan, but would not survive long enough to receive it. On 18 September 1944, LTC Cole was killed by a German sniper while attempting to set an identification panel for an allied air strike on a German position in Best, Netherlands. Two weeks later, Congress approved his nomination for the Medal of Honor. LTC Cole was buried in the American Cemetery, Margraten, Netherlands. His family accepted the Medal of Honor on the parade field at Fort Sam Houston His Medal of Honor citation reads: For gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his own life, above and beyond the call of duty on 11 June 1944, in France. Lt. Col. Cole was personally leading his battalion in forcing the last 4 bridges on the road to Carentan when his entire unit was suddenly pinned to the ground by intense and withering enemy rifle, machinegun, mortar, and artillery fire placed upon them from well-prepared and heavily fortified positions within 150 yards of the foremost elements. After the devastating and unceasing enemy fire had for over 1 hour prevented any move and inflicted numerous casualties, Lt. Col. Cole, observing this almost 4

hopeless situation, courageously issued orders to assault the enemy positions with fixed bayonets. With utter disregard for his own safety and completely ignoring the enemy fire, he rose to his feet in front of his battalion and withdrawn pistol shouted to his men to follow him in the assault. Catching up a fallen man's rifle and bayonet, he charged on and led the remnants of his battalion across the bullet-swept open ground and into the enemy position. His heroic and valiant action in so inspiring his men resulted in the complete establishment of our bridgehead across the Douve River. The cool fearlessness, personal bravery, and outstanding leadership displayed by Lt. Col. Cole reflect great credit upon himself and are worthy of the highest praise in the military service. The Cadet Creed I am a Leadership & Character Development Corps Cadet. I will always conduct myself to bring credit to my family, country, school and the corps of cadets. I am loyal and patriotic. I am the future of the United States of America. I do not lie, cheat, or steal and will always be accountable for my actions and deeds. I will always practice good citizenship and patriotism. I will work hard to improve my mind and strengthen my body. I will seek the mantle of leadership and stand prepared to uphold the Constitution and the American way of life. May God grant me the strength to always live by this creed. The Army Values Loyalty – to bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S. Constitution… to your peers Duty – to fulfill your obligations Respect – to treat people as they should be treated Selfless Service – to put the welfare of the nation… before your own Honor – to live up to all values Integrity – to do what is right, legally and morally Personal Courage – to face fear, danger, or adversity … peer pressure 5

CHAPTER 2: CITIZENSHIP KNOWLEDGE The National Anthem The Star Spangled Banner By Francis Scott Key 1814 Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave The Pledge of Allegiance: I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands. One nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. The American Flag History. On January 1, 1776, the Continental Army was reorganized in accordance with a Congressional resolution which placed American forces under George Washington's control. On that New Year's Day the Continental Army was laying siege to Boston which had been taken over by the British Army. Washington ordered the Grand Union flag hoisted above his base at Prospect Hill. It had 13 alternate red and white stripes and the British Union Jack in the upper left-hand corner (the canton). In May of 1776, Betsy Ross reported that she sewed the first American flag. On June 14, 1777, in order to establish an official flag for the new nation, the Continental Congress passed the first Flag Act: \"Resolved, That the flag of the United States be made of thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation.\" 6

Between 1777 and 1960, Congress passed several acts that changed the shape, design and arrangement of the flag and allowed for additional stars and stripes to be added to reflect the admission of each new state. ✓ Act of January 13, 1794 - provided for 15 stripes and 15 stars after May 1795. ✓ Act of April 4, 1818 - provided for 13 stripes and one star for each state, to be added to the flag on the 4th of July following the admission of each new state, signed by President Monroe. ✓ Executive Order of President Taft dated June 24, 1912 - established proportions of the flag and provided for arrangement of the stars in six horizontal rows of eight each, a single point of each star to be upward. ✓ Executive Order of President Eisenhower dated January 3, 1959 - provided for the arrangement of the stars in seven rows of seven stars each, staggered horizontally and vertically. ✓ Executive Order of President Eisenhower dated August 21, 1959 - provided for the arrangement of the stars in nine rows of stars staggered horizontally and eleven rows of stars staggered vertically. Symbolism. Today the flag consists of thirteen horizontal stripes, seven red alternating with 6 white. The stripes represent the original 13 colonies; the stars represent the 50 states of the Union. The colors of the flag are symbolic as well: Red symbolizes Hardiness and Valor, White symbolizes Purity and Innocence and Blue represents Vigilance, Perseverance and Justice. 7

Folding the Flag 8

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The Texas Flag History. The Texas flag is known as the \"Lone Star Flag\" (giving rise to the state's nickname \"The Lone Star State\"). This flag was introduced to the Congress of the Republic of Texas on December 28, 1838, by Senator William H. Wharton and was adopted on January 25, 1839 as the final national flag of the Republic of Texas. When Texas became the 28th state of the Union on December 29, 1845, its national flag became the state flag. From 1879 until 1933 there was no official state flag, although the Lone Star remained the de facto state flag, The Revised Civil Statutes of 1879 repealed all statutes not explicitly renewed and since the statutes pertaining to the flag were not among those renewed, Texas was formally flagless until the passage of the Texas Flag Code in 1933. The Texas Flag Code assigns the following symbolism to the colors of the Texas flag: blue stands for loyalty, white for purity, and red for bravery. The code also states that single (lone) star \"represents ALL of Texas and stands for our unity as one for God, State, and Country.\" The \"lone star\" is, in fact, an older symbol predating the flag which was used to symbolize Texans' solidarity in declaring independence from Mexico. It is still seen today as a symbol of Texas' independent spirit, and gave rise to the state's official nickname \"The Lone Star State\". 10

CHAPTER 3: POLICIES AND PROCEDURES CADET STANDARDS OF CONDUCT General. Adherence to standards, setting the proper example, and “doing the right thing” are all important to the good order and discipline of the corps of cadets. Cadets must maintain a disciplined attitude not only in LCDC classes and activities, but they must also strive to conduct themselves as good citizens in all classes, during school activities, and in the community. It’s difficult to develop a good reputation on campus and in the community if a cadet violates standards. It’s important to remember that one act of indiscipline can taint our reputation among other students, the faculty, the administration, and members of our community. Expectations of Cadets. Instructors will expect the highest standards of conduct in class and during all activities. Cadets are leaders among the student body and are therefore held to a higher standard. LCDC is more than a class, it is a leader development program. This means that a cadet’s behavior, whether it is LCDC, on campus, on the athletic fields or in the community is under constant scrutiny. Cadets who engage in less than honorable behavior, no matter where it may occur, should expect their success within the battalion to be impacted accordingly. The Army Instructors support school, district and Army policies for standards of conduct among cadets. The Cadets of the Cougar Battalion uphold the cadet creed and always do what is right …… even when no one is watching! Cadet leaders are held to an even higher standard than those who are not in leadership positions. Selection as a cadet leader should not be taken lightly and is reserved for only those cadets who can meet the challenge, have proven to be good followers, and have the aptitude and potential to live up to the demands of leadership. Traits of an Outstanding Cadet ✓ Unquestioned Character – Lives by the cadet creed ✓ Positive attitude – A can do attitude ✓ Participate – Gets involved ✓ Commitment to Improve – Eager to learn ✓ Teamwork – Places the team ahead of self Personal Conduct and Responsibility. LCDC cadets are one of the most visible groups on campus because we wear a unique and distinctive uniform. Because of this, cadets must conduct themselves in such a manner so as to bring credit upon themselves and the corps. High standards and courtesy should be the goals at all times, but this is especially important when in uniform. Cadets are expected to be leaders among their peers and set an example that others will follow. ✓ While in uniform, cadets will refrain from public displays of affection, to include holding hands. It is important to the image of the battalion that we set the example in all areas, including this one. 11

✓ A cadet does not lie, cheat or steal, nor tolerate those who do. ✓ Will not, at any time, engage in conduct that brings discredit to the uniform or the corps of cadets ✓ Cadets should be responsible and take accountability for their actions. Leadership is not a privilege to be enjoyed for personal advancement; rather it is a responsibility to those entrusted to their care. Therefore, leaders are expected to engage in leading the team, always keeping the interests of the team in mind ✓ Cadets will maintain and account for the cadet uniform and all other equipment assigned. Failure to account for the equipment and turn it in as required will result in the school administration being notified and action taken for you to replace or pay for the lost or damaged items (other than fair wear and tear). MILITARY COURTESY Cadets will address the Senior Army Instructor (SAI) as “Colonel (last name)” or “Sir.” The Instructor (AI) will be addressed as “Master Sergeant (last name). The Middle School Instructor will be addressed as Staff Sergeant (last name). Cadet officers and noncommissioned officers will be given the same courtesy by subordinate cadets. Saluting. The salute is an exchange of greetings and sign of respect among military personnel. Following are the guidelines that cadets will use to render a hand salute: When in uniform and out-of-doors (on and off campus), cadets will salute and give an appropriate greeting. (Example: “Good morning, Sir/Ma’am). Cadets should salute the following individuals: ✓ The Senior Army Instructor ✓ Officers of the Armed Forces when in uniform ✓ Cadet officers superior in rank (Senior ROTC and Junior ROTC officers, regardless of service). The salute will not be rendered indoors except when reporting to the SI or superior cadet officer during formal circumstances. Reporting to SAI or AI 1. Knock on the door. Do not enter until told to do so 2. Upon entering the room move directly in front of the SAI / AI desk 3. Cadets in uniform reporting to the SI should render the hand salute; Hold salute until returned by SAI 4. Cadets stand at attention in the SI office, parade rest in the AI office 5. Wait for the SAI / AI to tell you to come to “at ease” 6. Do not sit down unless invited to do so. You may ask to sit if desired 12

7. Do not lean on desks or tables 8. When dismissed, come to attention, execute an “about face” and depart. Cadets in uniform reporting to the SAI should render the hand salute after coming to attention. Hold salute until returned Reporting to teacher or school official. Cadets reporting to a teacher or school official are expected to follow the procedure above, less the military movements and saluting. CLASSROOM PROCEDURES Cadets will arrive to class on time and be prepared for the day’s activities. Any cadet reporting late will required to go to the main office to receive a pass. Cadets are not authorized to use the restroom until after roll call and daily notes. Cadets in the restroom during roll call without prior permission from an instructor will be considered late. When the bell rings the cadet detachment sergeant will call the class (detachment) to “Attention” and then “Parade Rest” before taking roll. As cadet’s name is read, he/she will come to the position of attention, sound off with “Here, Sergeant” and then resume the position of parade rest. At the conclusion of roll call the company will be brought to attention, given any instructions and then “Take Seats.” The first class of the day will be required to put ALL chairs on the floor. After roll is taken, attendance must immediately be reported to one of the instructors. The detachment sergeant will then read the daily announcements and give battalion leadership meeting summaries the day following the meeting. At the end of the class period, the first sergeant will call the company to attention and then dismiss the cadets. The last class of the day will place ALL chairs on top of the desks. At no time will cadets stand in front of the door or otherwise prepare to leave class without being properly dismissed. In the absence of the detachment sergeant, the senior squad leader present should conduct roll and dismissal. Members of the cadet staff are expected to remain in the classroom and participate in classroom activities unless otherwise directed by an instructor. Staff members wishing to use the cadet office or participate in alternative activities during their scheduled class period should obtain approval from an instructor prior to leaving the classroom CLASSROOM RULES Cadets will not slouch in their seats, put their head or feet on their desks, or be disruptive in class. If a cadet is tired and can’t keep from putting their head on the desk, that cadet will be invited to stand in the rear of the room until such time they’re ready to return to their seat more alert. Cadets are not authorized to eat in class unless authorized by an instructor. Cadets will not use cell phones or other electronic devices in class unless authorized by an instructor. 13

Cadets will not chew gum in class Cadets will not wear head bands, head phones or earbuds while in the LCDC / JROTC building Male cadets are not authorized to wear ear rings in the LCDC / JROTC building Any cadet required or desiring to leave the LCDC/ JROTC building during the class period must have a pass signed by an instructor. Unless authorized by an instructor, cadets will not intentionally leave or store personal items in the classroom. All items left in the classroom will be placed in the LCDC/ JROTC lost and found. Items unclaimed after 30 days will be donated. THE CADET OFFICE The cadet office is a workspace reserved for use by members of the high school JROTC program and the LCDC staff; therefore is off limits to LCDC cadets unless specifically authorized by an instructor. MERIT AND DEMERIT SYSTEM General. The merit / demerit system is intended to shape behavior by providing both reward and consequence for positive and negative behaviors. The system is not intended to punish but correct behavior. Cadets who receive demerits will be afforded the opportunity to correct the deficiency and have the demerits removed from their records. Merits. Merits may be awarded to those cadets who excel in any phase of battalion or school activities. The awarding of merits is recognition for outstanding performance, and there will be no limit to the number of merits that a cadet can accumulate. Any cadet earning more than 40 merits will be eligible for award of the achievement ribbon. Merits maybe recommended for the following: ✓ Actions of extraordinary consideration or thoughtfulness ✓ Voluntary performance of additional duties ✓ Superior military appearance, courtesy or leadership ✓ Any act or achievement which brings credit upon the corps of cadets. Demerits. Demerits are given to those cadets whose actions or behaviors are not in keeping with the expectations and standards of a LCDC cadet. Cadets who have outstanding demerits will be ineligible for promotion until the demerits are resolved. Cadets may resolve or work off demerits by participating in additional activities which address a behavioral weakness or community service activities. Demerits may be recommended for the following: ✓ Violation of school or battalion policies or standards ✓ Improper wear of the cadet uniform ✓ Disobedience or disrespect to a superior (Cadet and school staff) ✓ Failure to properly maintain the cadet uniform 14

✓ Failure to fulfill commitments ✓ Failure to abide by the cadet creed ✓ Any act or behavior that may bring discredit to the corps of cadets GRADING POLICY. Students participating in LCDC will be graded as follows: Academic exams, essays & presentations 35% Weekly uniform inspections 25% Participation / behavior 25% Physical Fitness 15% Academic. Cadets will be administered academic exams, quizzes, assigned essays and presentations throughout to assess student learning and further individual development. Cadets will be evaluated both individually and as a member of a team in both academic and leadership environments. Uniform Inspections. When issued the following policy will govern the wear of the cadet uniform. A substitute uniform (i.e. polo shirt) will provided to cadets prior to the issuance of the cadet uniform and will be graded as a uniform grade. Wearing of the cadet uniform is an important aspect of the LCDC program. The uniform is a tool that helps instill discipline, confidence, self-esteem, teamwork and high morale across the corps of cadets. Cadets will be required to wear the cadet uniform once a week as per the training schedule. Cadets are required to wear the uniform in accordance with the established standards to / from school for the entire day. Exceptions may be made for those students participating in other school activities (i.e. athletics) where changing into or out of the uniform may be impractical. The uniform grade will be assessed through formal inspection during the class period. Cadets who fail to wear the uniform without prior approval or fail to wear it properly throughout the entire day will receive a zero uniform grade for that day. If a cadet is absent on a uniform day, he / she should wear the uniform on the first day following the absence to receive full credit. Failing to wear the uniform after an absence will result in a zero grade for the uniform day. Cadets receiving a zero may “make up” the grade by wearing the uniform later that same week, but will receive no more than 60 percent of the grade earned. Cadets “making up” a uniform grade must be inspected by an instructor or designated student leadership to receive credit. It is the cadet’s responsibility to ensure they properly inspected and the grade recorded. Cadets may wear the uniform prior to a uniform day if they know they will be absent on a uniform day. Extra credit may be earned by any cadet by wearing the uniform on days other than the scheduled uniform day. A maximum of 10 extra points maybe earned per day with a maximum of 50 points per grading period. Extra credit is recorded by adding the additional points to the preceding uniform grade. Participation and behavior. The participation / behavior grade will be an evaluation of the cadet’s attitude, behavior, preparation, and participation. It is important to note that LCDC is more than an academic class; it is a leader and character development program. This means that cadets are evaluated not only while participating in LCDC activities, but all activities, in and out 15

of the classroom, while enrolled in the program. As a general rule, those students meeting the minimum requirements will be receive a score of 85 out of 100 points. This score may be adjusted up or down as needed to properly reflect the cadet’s performance. Physical Fitness. Physical fitness compliments the health and fitness aspects of the academic curriculum and is important to both physical and emotional well-being. The physical fitness program is designed to foster teamwork, confidence, resilience and esprit de corps across the corps of cadets. Cadets will not be evaluated on their athletic abilities, but on their participation and motivation. Cadets who do not dress or participate in physical fitness without an approved excuse will have 10 points deducted from their physical fitness grade for each session missed. Parents may provide an excusal note for up to one week. Excuses extending beyond one week must be accompanied by a physician’s note. Please note that instructors may require a physician’s note or clearance at their discretion. COMMAND AND STAFF RESPONSIBILITIES Chain of Command. The succession of leaders through whom command is exercised is called the chain-of-command. The chain starts at the top with the commander-in-chief (President of the United States) and ends with the leader immediately above you. It enables the commander to retain the unity of command within the maximum span of control. The battalion commander assigns tasks to the company commander and holds them responsible for the successful execution of the assigned tasks. Company commanders use the same procedures with the squad leader and team leaders. Staff Authority and Responsibility. The staff is a unit consisting of those officers and noncommissioned officers who assist the commander in the exercise of command. They are advisors to the commander in areas assigned to them by the commander. Staff officers will keep the commander informed on matters within their areas of responsibility which may require his/her attention. Other Companies & Detachments 16

PROMOTION AND REDUCTION POLICY General. The promotion system is an important element of the LCDC program’s educational and leader development goals and is essential to the viability of the corps of cadets. It is the goal of the promotion system to advance deserving cadets to ranks of increasing responsibility where their leadership potential can be leveraged for the betterment of the battalion. All cadets are considered for promotion at the conclusion of each grading period. Cadets meeting the following criteria will be advanced to the next higher rank. 1. Be in good standing – no outstanding demerits or disciplinary issues in or out of the program. 2. Earn a B or better in LCDC for the previous grading period. 3. Demonstrate a positive attitude and strong motivation Merit Promotions. Cadets whose actions, achievements or potential far exceeds that of cadets of same grade may be considered for a merit or on-the-spot promotion. Any cadet may nominate another for consideration. The nomination should clearly state the facts and rational for the action. Cadets approved for merit promotion by the SAI will advanced automatically to the next higher grade. Leadership Promotions: Cadets selected to serve as the detachment sergeant or squad leader will wear an arm brassard indicating their position within the cadet leadership. Cadets placed in leadership will exercise authority over those placed in their charge regardless of cadet rank. Brassard ranks are temporary in nature and will only be worn while serving in leadership. Reductions. Cadets maybe considered for reduction in grade for serious violations of the standards of personal conduct or failure to fulfill responsibilities of grade or position. Reduction shall be considered when other means of rehabilitation have failed or deemed inappropriate. All recommendations for reduction shall be forwarded directly to the AI or SAI for consideration. The SAI may reduce a cadet one or multiple grades based upon the circumstances. Note to those cadets continuing to high school JROTC programs. LCDC ranks do not transfer to the High School JROTC program. However, those cadets who participate in LCDC will be eligible for advanced placement into the Cole JROTC program. Cadets who complete one year of LCDC will enter the Cole JROTC program as a private (E2), Cadets who complete two years of LCDC will enter as a private first class (E3). Cadets demonstrating exceptional potential and motivation maybe considered for advanced placement as a corporal (E4). 17

LCDC CADET RANK First Year Cadets Junior Cadet 1 Junior Cadet (JC2) Junior Cadet 3 (JC3) Junior Cadet 4 (JC4) Second Year Cadets (JC1)Senior Cadet 1 Senior Cadet (SC2) Senior Cadet 3 (SC3) Senior Cadet 4 (SC4) (SC1) 18

JROTC CADET RANK ABBREVIATIONS C/COL- Cadet Colonel C/LTC- Cadet Lieutenant Colonel C/MAJ- Cadet Major C/CPT- Cadet Captain C/1LT- Cadet First Lieutenant C/2LT- Cadet Second Lieutenant C/CSM- Cadet Command Sergeant Major C/SGM- Cadet Sergeant Major C/1SG - Cadet First Sergeant C/MSG- Cadet Master Sergeant C/SFC- Cadet Sergeant First Class C/SSG- Cadet Staff Sergeant C/SGT- Cadet Sergeant C/CPL- Cadet Corporal C/PFC- Cadet Private First Class C/PVT- Cadet Private 19

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CADET OF THE MONTH (COM) / CADET OF THE YEAR (COY): LCDC cadets nominated for cadet of the month will appear before a competitive board conducted by the high school JROTC program. The following governs the selection process and conduct of the board. General. The COM and the COY program recognizes outstanding LCDC cadets as being among the best junior leaders within the corps. It is therefore important to select only those cadets who possess outstanding military bearing and are positive role models in and out of the classroom. Procedures. Instructors nominate two cadets from each developmental education and training (DET) to compete for COM. Nominated cadets must meet the basic standards for promotion to be considered for COM / COY. Nominated cadets will appear before a competitive board to determine the winner. Cadets selected as the COM shall not be nominated for future COM boards. Cadets considered, but not selected, remain eligible for future boards. All cadets selected as COM are eligible to compete for the COY board. Board Members. The COM board will consist of at least three JROTC cadets, the president a cadet officer. The COY board will consist of at least five JROTC cadets, the battalion commander serves as board president. Board members shall have no supervisory or personal relationship with any cadet to be considered by the board. Careful consideration must be given to the selection of all board members to ensure they have the appropriate experience and represent the highest standards in and out of the classroom. All board members will be approved by the SAI prior to the board. Board Procedures. Cadets appearing before the COM board will be required to recite the cadet creed, undergo uniform inspection, and answer mandatory knowledge, as well as, current event questions. Cadets will be asked total of eight mandatory knowledge questions from the cadet mandatory knowledge packet and two current event questions. In selecting questions, board members should avoid asking minute details, such as dates and names, and instead focus on questions that demonstrate a general understanding of the event and its corresponding impact. Board members should consider the experience level of COM candidates in making their assessment. The board president and members are encouraged to provide constructive feedback to all candidates appearing before the board. The result, however, may not be released until officially reviewed and approved by the Senior Army Instructor. The COY board shall not be bound by the content restrictions of the COM boards. At the discretion of the battalion commander, board members may ask questions covering any subject matter covered during the academic year. The COY board may also include drill or other evaluations as deemed appropriate. The battalion commander shall ensure consistency throughout the evaluation process. Post-Board. The battalion S1 will validate all board documents and prepare the announcement for the Senior Army Instructor’s signature. Selections will be announced on the JROTC bulletin board and school information monitors. 21

CHAPTER 5: WEAR OF THE UNIFORM General. Wearing of the cadet uniform is an honor and privilege that should be taken very seriously. Cadets are charged with wearing the uniform in a manner that brings credit to their family, school and the corps of cadets. Guidelines Cadets are required to wear the cadet uniform on Wednesday of each week. The uniform will be worn in its entirety to / from and during the school day. Failure to comply with this requirement may impact the cadet’s uniform and leadership grade. Cadets wishing to wear cadet uniform outside of school sponsored events should request approval from an instructor. Wear of the cadet uniform is strictly forbidden when its wear would bring discredit to country, school and corps of cadets. Personal Appearance Policies Cadets in the LCDC program are responsible for their appearance in uniform. All cadets will maintain a high standard of dress and appearance. The uniform will be properly fitted, cleaned, serviced, and pressed. Cadets will ensure that articles carried in their pockets, i.e., wallets, comb, cell phone, money and keys do not protrude from the pocket or present a bulky appearance. Cougar battalion cadets are not authorized to wear civilian jackets with the cadet uniform. LCDC windbreakers are issued as part of the uniform. They can be worn at the discretion of the cadet. All cadets will wear a plain (no graphics or wording) white crew neck T-shirt in uniform, only issued patent leather shoes are to be worn as part of the uniform. Wearing of Jewelry Cadets in uniform are authorized to wear one wristwatch, one bracelet, and no more than one ring per hand. Any necklace will not be visible while wearing the uniform. Earrings. Female cadets in uniform may wear earrings that do not exceed 6mm or ¼ inch in diameter may be worn. They will be of gold, silver, pearl white, or diamonds. Earrings will fit snugly against the lobe of the ear and will be worn as a matched pair with only one earring per ear lobe. Males are not permitted to wear earrings or have any other piercings of any kind that are visible while in uniform. Band-Aids will not be used to cover unauthorized earrings while in uniform. 22

Grooming Standards Female. Female hair will be neatly groomed. The length and bulk of the hair will not be excessive or present a ragged, unkempt, or extreme appearance. Hair will not fall over the eyebrows or extend below the bottom edge of the collar. Hairstyles will not interfere with proper wearing of headgear. Female hair will be neatly groomed consisting of a solid natural color. Hair holding ornaments (barrettes, pins, clips) - If used, must be transparent or similar in color to the hair, and will be inconspicuously placed. Beads or similar ornamental items are not authorized. Hair will not touch the collar. Cadets may have braids or corn rows but must be inconspicuous and may not extend below the bottom edge of the collar. Cosmetics. Female cadets in uniform are authorized to wear cosmetics with all uniforms, provided they are applied modestly and conservatively, and that they complement both the complexion and the uniform. Eccentric, exaggerated, or faddish cosmetic styles and colors are not permitted. Female cadets will not wear shades of lipstick that distinctly contrast with the natural color of their lips, that detract from the uniform, or that are faddish, eccentric, or exaggerated. Fingernails: Fingernails will be kept clean and neatly trimmed. Female cadets may wear polish that is not exaggerated, faddish, or of extreme coloring (such as purple, gold, blue or white) while in uniform. Male. Male hair must be off the ears and collar. Shaves will be clean with no visible hairs. Male hair will be neatly groomed consisting of a solid natural color. The length and bulk of the hair will not be excessive or present a ragged, unkempt, or extreme appearance. Hair will not fall over the eyebrows or extend below the bottom edge of the collar. Hair should not be blocked and should present a tapered appearance. Hairstyles will not interfere with proper wearing of headgear. Male or female cadets may not shave or close cut one or both sides of the scalp, leaving a large volume of hair on top. Cuts on the sides of the scalp should present a tapered appearance that creates a smooth transition to hair on top of the scalp. Bowl style hairstyles are not permitted. Care of the Uniform Cadets are responsible for the appearance and upkeep of their uniform. Cadets must ensure that their uniform is maintained at the highest possible level. How you care for your uniform is a direct reflection of your personal discipline, pride and commitment to the corps of cadets. Uniforms should be cleaned and pressed on a regular basis to ensure they maintain a professional appearance. When not worn, the uniform should be stored properly on a clothes hanger. 23

Uniforms will be issued at the beginning of the school year clean and are expected to be returned clean. Damaged or ill-fitting uniforms should not be worn and be returned to the supply room as soon as possible. Failure to properly maintain the uniform may negatively impact grades and overall success within the program. Uniform Components Black Ball Cap Tan Shirt Black Pants Black Belt Black Shoes Black Socks White Crew Neck T-Shirt Black Wind-breaker Wearing of Ribbons and Medals: Ribbons. Ribbons will be worn in the order of precedence from right to left as worn. (Most important ribbon is placed to the wearer’s right) Award precedence and description can be found at Appendix C. If more than one row of ribbons is worn, the rows must be aligned with no more than 1/8 inch gap in between each row. No more than three ribbons will be worn in any one row. When the jacket interferes with the display of ribbons, the ribbons maybe staggered. For specific instructions on staggering ribbons see CCR 145-2 or AR 670-1. Medals. When an award consists of a ribbon and medal, cadets may select to wear the medal or ribbon, but may not wear both simultaneously. When worn, medals will be worn in order of precedence no more than 1/8 inch below the ribbons and no more than 1/8 inch in between rows. No more than three medals will be worn in a row. Shoulder Cords. No more than one cord may be worn on each shoulder. A single cord is worn on the left shoulder, and two cords are worn in order of precedence from the wearer's left to right. Shoulder cord precedence and description can be found at Appendix C. Proper Wear of Uniform: Headgear. A black ‘baseball style’ cap will be worn at all times when outdoors; headgear will not be worn indoors unless specifically directed. Wear squarely on the head, with bottom edge parallel to the ground and 1-1/2 inch above the eyebrows. The brim of the cap will be shaped to form a half-moon type shape when viewed from the front. The cap may not be worn backwards or on the back of the head. 24

Gig line. Line up the tip of the belt with the end of the brass buckle so that none of the belt shows. This makes the belt buckle appear as one solid unit. Align the edge of the shirt, belt buckle, and zipper flap so that they form an unbroken vertical line. The female cadet’s belt is first pushed through the (wearers) right front loop of the trousers and adjusted to allow only the tip of the belt to protrude from the buckle. The male cadet’s belt is first pushed through the (wearers) left front loop of the trousers and adjusted to allow only the tip of the belt to protrude from the buckle. The Cadet Uniform Keys to Looking Your Best: ✓ Keep uniform clean and pressed ✓ Wear insignia & awards properly (Double check) ✓ Shine shoes and brass ✓ Have a sharp haircut / style ✓ Wear your headgear outside; Remove inside 25

✓ Act professionally ✓ Stand tall and be proud – you earned it! CHAPTER 6: DRILL & CEREMONIES Stationary Movements Stationary movements include attention and rest positions, facing, and saluting. These movements, along with marching techniques, make up the squad and detachment movements. In drill, you start most of your movements from the position of attention. However, you will discover that in some instances, you execute certain rest movements from other rest positions. Position of Attention You assume the position of attention on the command “fall in” or “squad (detachment, etc.), attention.” To assume the position of attention, bring your heels together sharply on line, with your toes pointing out equally in a 45 degree angle. Rest the weight of your body evenly on the heels and balls of both your feet. Keep your legs straight without locking your knees. Hold your body straight with the level of your hips, chest lifted and arched, and shoulders square. Keep your head and face straight to the front, with your chin drawn in so that your head and neck are on a vertical line. Let your arms hang straight without being stiff. Curl your fingers so that the tips of your thumbs are alongside and touching the first joint of your forefingers. Keep your thumbs straight along the seams of your trouser leg, with the first joint of your fingers touching your trousers. While you are in this position, stand still and remain silent unless otherwise directed. Positions of Rest Parade Rest. A drill leader can only give the command for this rest position from the position of attention. The command for it is “parade, rest.” On the command of execution “rest,” move your left foot about 10 inches to the left of the right foot. Keep your legs straight without locking your knees, and rest the weight of your body equally on the heels and balls of both feet. At the same time, center your hands at the small of your back on your belt. Keep the fingers of both hands extended and joined, interlocking your thumbs so that the palm of your right hand is outward. Keep your head erect as you would in the position of attention. Remember to remain silent and do not move unless otherwise directed. From the position of parade rest, you may execute “stand at ease,” “at ease,” and “rest.” 26

Stand at Ease. The command for this movement is “stand at ease.” On the command of execution “ease,” execute parade rest, but turn your head and eyes directly toward the leader of the formation. You may execute “at ease” or “rest” from this position. At Ease. The command for this movement is “at ease.” On this command, you may move; however, you must remain standing and silent with your right foot in place. You may execute “rest” from this position. Rest. The command for this movement is “rest.” On this command, you may move and talk unless otherwise directed. However, you must remain standing with your right foot in place. You may execute “at ease” from this position. Facing Movements Right / Left Face. Facing left or right, is a two-count movement. The command is “left (right), face.” On the command of execution “face,” slightly raise your right heel and left toe and turn 90 degrees to the left on your left heel, assisted by a slight pressure on the ball of the right foot. Keep your left leg straight without stiffness and allow your right leg to bend naturally. On the second count, place your right foot beside the left foot, resuming the position of “attention.” Your arms remain at your sides, as in the position of attention, throughout this movement. About Face. Facing to the rear is also a two-count movement. The command is “about, face.” On the command of execution “face,” move the toe of your right foot to a point touching the marching surface about half the length of your foot behind you. Rest most of your body weight on the heel of your left foot, and allow your right knee to bend naturally. On the second count, turn to the right 180 degrees on the left heel and ball of your right foot, resuming the position of attention. Again, your arms remain at your sides throughout this movement. The Hand Salute The hand salute is a one-count movement. The command is “present, arms.” When a drill leader commands “order, arms,” you may release the salute. “Order, arms” is a one-count movement. On the command of execution “arms,” return your hand sharply to your side, resuming the position of attention. You execute the hand salute while marching alone; however, if you are a member of a unit, the leader salutes for the entire unit. If you are alone and at a double time, you must first come to quick time before you can execute the salute. When reporting or showing courtesy to an individual, turn your head and 27

eyes toward the person and salute at the same time. Subordinates initiate the salute at the appropriate time and terminate it upon acknowledgment Marching Movements The two basic steps used in marching are the 30-inch step and the 15-inch step. Use combinations of these steps, facing movements, and rests, to march alone or in groups. The 30-inch Step Historically, marching has been an essential infantry skill to efficiently move troops on the battlefield. As an important part of drill and ceremony, marching remains pertinent today as an effective means of instilling order and discipline among the ranks. The 30-inch step is the standard stride for marching. The standard pace of march is 120-steps per minute, otherwise called “quick time.” Quick Time The command to march forward from the halt is “forward, march.” This command automatically instructs you to use the 30-inch step. On the preparatory command “forward,” shift the weight of your body to your right foot, without noticeable movement. Then, on the command of execution “march,” step forward 30 inches with the left foot and continue marching with 30- inch steps. Keep your eyes and head forward. Swing your arms in a natural motion, without exaggeration, approximately nine inches to the front and six inches to the rear of the trouser seams. Keep your elbows straight, thumbs forward, and fingers curled in the same position as at attention so that the fingers just clear the trousers. The Halt The command to halt marching is “squad (detachment, etc.), halt.” Your leader gives the preparatory command “squad (detachment, etc.),” as either foot strikes the marching surface, as long as the drill leader gives the command of execution “halt” the next time that foot strikes the marching surface. The halt requires two counts. After your leader commands “halt,” move the additional step (required after the command of execution) to bring the trailing foot alongside the lead foot. Then, assume the position of attention. This ends the movement. Double Time At the command “double time, march,” march in the cadence of 180 counts or steps per minute with a 30-inch step. You can respond to this command from the halt or while marching at quick time with a 30-inch step. When at the halt, and your leader gives the preparatory command “double time,” shift the weight of your body to the right foot without noticeable movement. On the command of execution “march,” raise your forearms to a horizontal position, with fingers and thumbs closed, palm down, and knuckles out. At the same time, step out with your left foot. March with 30-inch steps at the cadence of double time. Swing your arms to the front and rear, keeping your forearms horizontal. When marching with a 30-inch step in the cadence of quick time (120 counts or steps per minute), a drill leader can give the command “double time, march,” when either foot strikes the marching surface. Then, on the command of execution “march,” take one more 30-inch step at quick time and step off with your trailing foot, double timing as previously described. 28

To resume marching with a 30-inch step at the quick time cadence, your leader gives the command “quick time, march.” The leader gives this command as either foot strikes the marching surface. On the command of execution “march,” take two more 30-inch steps at double time, lower your arms to your sides, and resume marching with a 30-inch step at the quick time cadence. The 15-inch Step (Half Step) The 15-inch step was designed to slow a formation’s advance to facilitate battlefield as parade field positions. The 15-inch step facilitates corrective maneuvers to keep a formation together in the advent of uneven terrain or a turn. Historically, tight formations were the primary means for concentrating force. Today, a tight formation is another demonstration of effective leadership and discipline. Forward Step To march with a 15-inch step from the halt, the command is “half step, march.” On the preparatory command “half step,” shift the weight of your body to your right foot without noticeable movement. Then, on the command of execution “march,” step forward 15 inches with your left foot and continue marching with 15-inch steps. Your arms should swing as they do when you march with a 30-inch step. To change from a 30-inch step to a 15-inch step while marching, the command is “half step, march.” Your leader may give this command as either foot strikes the marching surface. Then, on the command of execution “march,” take one more 30-inch step and march with a 30-inch step. To direct you to resume marching with a 30-inch step, the leader commands, “forward, march” as either foot strikes the marching surface. Then, on the command of execution “march,” take one more 15-inch step and begin marching with a 30-inch step. To halt while marching at the half step, use the same procedures described in the 30-inch step. This step again has two counts. It is important to note that while marching forward using the half step, the basic commands that your leader can give are “mark time, march,” “forward, march,” and “halt.” Right/Left Step To march to the right or left with a 15-inch step, the command is “right (left) step, march.” You perform the command only while at the halt. On the preparatory command “right (left) step,” shift the weight of your body, without noticeable movement, onto the left (right) foot. To execute right-step march, on the command of execution “march,” bend your right knee slightly and raise your right foot only high enough to allow freedom of movement. Place your right foot 15 inches to the right of your left foot, and then move your left foot (keeping the left leg straight) alongside your right foot as in the position of attention. Continue this movement, keeping your arms as they are in the position of attention. Reverse this procedure to perform left- step march. To halt when executing right- or left-step march, your leader commands “squad (detachment, etc.), halt.” This movement has two counts. The leader gives the preparatory command when 29

both heels are together. On the command of execution “halt,” take one more step with your lead foot, then place the trailing foot alongside it, resuming the position of attention. Backward Step To direct you to march backward with a 15-inch step, your leader gives the command “backward, march.” You perform the command only while you are at the halt. On the preparatory command “backward,” shift the weight of your body, without noticeable movement, onto your right foot. Then, on the command of execution “march,” take a 15-inch step backward with your left foot and continue marching backward with 15-inch steps. Let your arms swing naturally. To halt from backward march is a two count movement. This halt is basically the same as from the 30-inch step. Squad Formations There are two prescribed formations – line and column. The squad may be formed into a column of twos from a column formation. When the squad is in line, squad members are numbered from right to left. When in column, the squad members form front to rear. The squad normally marches in column, but it may march in line for short distances. Falling In In squad drill, falling in is the process of forming up in a line formation. However, it may re- form in a column formation when each member can identify his or her exact position. When the squad leader comes to the position of attention and commands “fall in,” the squad normally forms at normal interval. On the command of “fall in,” the following actions occur simultaneously by all members of the squad: 1. Double time to your position in the formation. 2. If you are the Cadet on the right flank, position yourself so that when the squad forms, it is centered and three steps in front of the leader. 3. If you are the Cadet on the right flank, come to attention and raise your left arm sideways to shoulder level, keeping it in line with your body. Keep your elbow locked, fingers and thumb extended and together, and palm facing down. 4. Cadets to the immediate left of the right-flank Cadet come to attention, turn their heads and eyes to the right, and raise their left arms in the same manner as the right-flank Cadet — except the Cadet on the left flank does not raise the left arm. Cadets align themselves by stepping forward or backward until they are in line with the right-flank Cadet. Cadets then obtain exact interval by taking short steps left or right, ensuring their fingertips touch the shoulder of the person to their right. As soon as each Cadet is at normal interval, lower your arms to your sides, sharply turn your heads to the front, and assume the position of attention. 5. The right-flank Cadet then sharply returns to the position of attention Note: The right-flank Cadet raises their arm and looks straight to the front unless the squad is to align on an element to its right. If they align on an element to the right, they turn their head and eyes to the right and align themselves with that element. 30

Intervals When the squad ‘falls in’ for formation, it may be commanded to assume different spacing intervals between troops. Interval types include normal, close, and double. Normal Interval. When the leader commands “dress right, dress” and “ready, front,” the right- flank Cadet stands fast. On the command of execution “dress,” all Cadets except the right-flank Cadet turn their heads and eyes to the right and align themselves on the Cadet to their right. Cadets, except the left-flank Cadet, extend their left arms out to the side at shoulder level with elbows locked, fingers together, and palms down. They position themselves with short steps so that the fingertips touch the shoulder of the Cadet to their right. On the command of execution “front,” each Cadet sharply returns to the position of attention. If the squad leader wants to check the alignment, that leader moves to the right of the right-flank Cadet and looks down the line of Cadets to see that they are aligned. If the Cadets are out of alignment, the leader speaks to them, giving direction as to how they can properly align themselves. Close Interval. To have a squad form at close interval, the command is “at close interval, fall in.” To obtain close interval, place the heel of your left hand on your left hip even with your waist, your fingers and thumb together and extended downward. Keep your elbow in line with your body, touching the right arm of the Cadet to your left. To align the squad at close interval, the leader commands “at close interval, dress right, dress” and “ready, front.” The procedure is the same for aligning at normal interval, except align yourself closely, as directed above. Rest and Dismissal. Rest movements are the same for a squad as they are for individuals. Your squad leader may command “fall out” if a more relaxed position than rest is appropriate. If the squad leader commands “fall out,” you may move out of the formation, but you must stay in the immediate area. Your drill leader dismisses the squad from the position of attention. The command is “dismissed.” Upon hearing that command, all members of the squad may then leave the area. Marching the Squad To march the squad, use the following procedures: ✓ For short distances only, the squad may be marched forward while in a line formation. ✓ When marching long distances, the squad is marched in column. 31

✓ To form a column formation from a line formation, the command is “right, face.” ✓ When a column formation is originated from a line formation at close interval, the squad may be marched for short distances at the half step with less than correct distance. ✓ To obtain correct distance while marching with less than correct distance, the command is “extend, march.” On the command of execution, “march,” the number one man takes one more 15-inch step and then steps off with a 30-inch step. Each squad member begins marching with a 30-inch step at the approximate point where the number one man stepped off, or as soon as correct distance has been obtained. Changing Direction. From the halt, the command to start the squad in motion, and simultaneously change the direction of march 90 or 45 degrees, is “column right (left), march” or “column half right (half left), march.” On the command of execution “march,” the lead Cadet faces in the commanded direction and steps off as in marching. All other Cadets march forward and pivot on the ball of their lead foot in the commanded direction and step off with their trailing foot. As you approach the pivot point, shorten or lengthen your steps as necessary to pivot at the approximate point of the lead Cadet. To change the direction of march 90 or 45 degrees when marching, the squad leader gives the preparatory command “column right (left)” or “column half right (half left)” as the foot in the desired direction strikes the marching surface. The squad leader then gives the command “march” the next time that foot strikes the marching surface. On “march,” the lead Cadet takes one additional step, pivots in the commanded direction as the pivot foot strikes the surface, and continues to march in the new direction. Other Cadets continue to march forward and execute the pivot as described above. To march in the opposite direction, the command is “rear, march.” The squad leader gives the preparatory command as the right foot strikes the marching surface and commands “march” the next time the right foot strikes the surface. On “march,” all Cadets take one more step with their left foot, pivot on the balls of both feet, turn 180 degrees to the right, and step off in the new direction. Do not swing your arms when you make the pivot. To avoid an obstacle in the line of march, the squad leader commands, “incline around.” The lead Cadet inclines around the obstacle and resumes the original direction. All other Cadets follow the lead Cadet. Marching to the Flank. When your squad marches to the flank, it does so only for short distances, and always in a column formation. The command is “right (left) flank, march.” Your squad leader gives the preparatory command “right (left) flank” when the foot in the desired direction strikes the marching surface, Then he/she gives the command of execution “march” when that foot strikes the marching surface the next time. Then, on the command “march,” all Cadets take one more step, pivot 90 degrees in the indicated direction on the ball of the lead foot, and step off in the new direction with the trailing foot. As your squad begins marching in the new direction, they should glance out of the corner of their right eye and dress to the right. 32

Detachment Formations The detachment has two prescribed formations — line and column. However, the detachment may be formed into a file or a column of twos from a column formation. When in a line formation, the elements (squads) of a detachment are numbered from front to rear; in a column formation, from left to right. For the most part, detachment drill merely provides the procedures for executing drill movements in conjunction with other squads formed in the same formation. Individual drill movements and the manual of arms are executed as previously described while performing as a squad member during the conduct of detachment drill. When the detachment drills as a separate unit or as part of a larger unit in a line formation, without officers present, the post for the detachment sergeant is three steps in front of, and centered on, the detachment. When in column formation, the post for the detachment sergeant is three steps to the left flank of, and centered on, the detachment. The post for the detachment sergeant with the detachment leader present is one step to the rear and centered on the detachment in line or column formation. When assuming his post in column from a line formation with the detachment leader present, the detachment sergeant faces to the left in marching (on the command of execution “face” and marches in the most direct route to his post. He then halts and faces to the right. When assuming his post in line from a column formation, he faces to the right in marching (on the command of execution “face”) and marches in the most direct route to his post, halts entered on the detachment, and faces to the left. When control of the formation is being exchanged between the detachment sergeant and the detachment leader, the detachment sergeant will always travel around the right flank (squad leader) of the formation when marching from post to post. The detachment leader will always travel around the left flank of the formation when marching post to post. On the command “open ranks, march;” “backward, march;” “right (left) step, march;” “forward, march,” and on commands that cause the detachment to change interval in line, he moves at the same time (with the appropriate step) so as to maintain proper position. The leader of the first squad serves as the base when the detachment is a line formation. The leader of the fourth squad serves as the base when the detachment is in a column formation. If for some reason the detachment is authorized a guidon or phase banner (in training units for example), the bearer’s post is one step in front of and two 15-inch steps to the right of and facing the person forming the detachment. When the formation is faced to the right for a marching movement, he executes in the same manner except that his post is three steps in front of, and centered on, the squad leaders. If the detachment leader is present and at his post, the bearer’s post is one step to the rear, and two 15-inch steps to the left of the detachment leader. When the detachment drills as a separate unit, in a line formation, the post for the detachment leader is six steps in front of, and centered on, the detachment; when in a column formation, the detachment leader is six steps to the left flank and centered on the detachment. When marching as part of a larger formation, his post is one step in front of, and centered on, the squad leaders. 33

Forming the Detachment A detachment forms basically in the same way as a squad. The detachment sergeant assumes the position of attention and commands “fall in.” On that command, the first squad leader and the first squad (when formed) are three steps in front, and centered on, the detachment sergeant. The other squad leaders then cover on the first squad leader at the correct distance, which they obtain by estimation. Members of the first squad fall in on their squad leader as they would in squad drill. However, members of the other squads fall in on their squad leader, assume the position of attention, and turn their heads and eyes to the right. They obtain correct interval by taking short steps forward or backward, align themselves on the Cadet to their right, sharply turn their heads and eyes to the front as in the position of attention, and obtain proper interval by taking short steps left or right to cover on the Cadet in front of them. Members of these other squads do not raise their left arms unless the Cadet to their immediate left has no one on which to cover. When appropriate, the detachment leader may form the detachment. The procedures are the same as described above except that the first squad forms six steps in front of, and centered on, the detachment leader. The detachment sergeant forms at his or her position to the rear of the detachment. If the detachment leader is not present for the formation, the detachment sergeant steps forward three steps (making a total of six steps in front of the detachment), and assumes the duties of the detachment leader from that position. Breaking Ranks When the situation requires one or more individuals to leave a detachment formation or to obtain specific instructions from the detachment leader, the detachment leader directs “Cadet Private __________, front and center” or “the following personnel front and center: Cadet Private , Cadet Private , etc.” If you hear the leader call your name, come to the position of attention, reply “here, sir (sergeant),” take one 15-inch step backward, halt, face to the right (left) in marching, and exit the formation by marching to the nearest flank. Once the individual has cleared the formation, he begins to double-time and halts two steps in front of, and centered on, the detachment sergeant. Aligning the Detachment This process is similar to aligning a squad. The command for alignment is “dress right, dress.” On the command of execution “dress,” the first squad leader stands fast and serves as the base. Other squad leaders estimate correct distance between their units and the squad in front of them. The Cadets in the first squad obtain exact interval as they did in squad drill. All other squads execute as the first squad, except that each Cadet raises the left arm for uniformity and covers on the Cadet in front of them by glancing out of the corner of the left eye. To obtain exact alignment, the detachment leader marches (on the command of execution “dress”) by the most direct route to a position on line with the first squad, halts one step from the squad leader, and faces down that line. The detachment leader then verifies the alignment of the first squad and instructs Cadets (calling them by name or number) to move forward or back as necessary to form an even line. 34

After aligning the first squad, the detachment leader faces to the left (right) in marching, takes two (or three) short steps to the second squad, halts, faces down that line, and aligns that squad in the same manner as the first squad. The detachment leader follows this same procedure for the remaining squads. When finished with the last squad, the detachment leader returns to the position centered on the detachment, halts perpendicular to the formation, faces to the left (right), and commands “ready, front.” Covering and Recovering To align the detachment in a column formation, the commands are “cover” and “recover.” On the command “cover,” the fourth squad leader stands fast and serves as the base. The squad leaders, with the exception of the left flank squad leader, raise their arms laterally and turn their heads and eyes to the right. The members of the fourth squad raise their arms horizontally (as in squad drill) to the front and cover on the Cadet to their front at the correct distance. Cadets of the third, second, and first squads raise their left arms horizontally to the front (for uniformity only), cover on the person to their front, and, at the same time, glance out of the corner of their right eyes to align on the Cadet to their right. To resume the position of attention, the detachment leader gives the command “recover.” On this command, Cadets return sharply to the position of attention. Opening and Closing Ranks A detachment opens ranks from a line formation while at the halt. The command is “open ranks, march,” and the detachment may execute it from any of the prescribed intervals. On the command of execution “march,” the front rank takes two steps forward, the second rank takes one step forward, the third rank stands fast, and the fourth rank takes two steps backward. If additional ranks are present, the fifth rank takes four steps backward, the sixth rank takes six steps backward, etc. After taking the required number of steps, detachment members do not raise their arms to align themselves. If the detachment leader wants the exact interval or alignment, he or she commands “at close interval (at double interval), dress right, dress” and “ready, front.” The command to close ranks is “close ranks, march.” On the command of execution “march,” the first rank takes four steps backward, the second rank takes two steps backward, the third rank stands fast, and the fourth rank takes one step forward. Also, on the command of execution “march,” the detachment leader and detachment sergeant take the approximate number of steps to maintain their correct positions. Resting and Dismissing the Detachment The detachment rests in the same manner as prescribed for the squad. The procedures for dismissing the detachment are basically the same as prescribed for the squad. The following differences exist. When the detachment leader commands “detachment sergeant,” the detachment sergeant faces to the right in marching and inclines around the squad leaders, halts three steps in front of and centered on the detachment, and faces to the right. The detachment leader then commands “take charge of the detachment,” they exchange salutes, and the detachment leader is no longer a part of the formation. The detachment sergeant takes three steps forward, halts, faces about, and carries out the detachment leader’s instructions. 35

The detachment sergeant may release the squads to the control of the squad leaders by commanding “take charge of your squads.” The detachment sergeant and squad leaders exchange salutes and the detachment sergeant is no longer a part of the formation. Without leaving their positions, the squad leaders then command “fall out.” Changing Directions 90- or 45-degree Turns. During a march, a detachment will need to change direction at some point. There are several ways to do this, including a 90- or 45-degree turn, marching to the rear or incline, or counter column, march. The following sections help describe how these are done. The detachment changes the direction of marching basically the same as the squad. During a column movement, the base element is the squad on the flank in the direction of the turn. To change direction 90 degrees, the command is “column right (left), march.” On the command of execution “march,” the base squad executes the movement as in squad drill, except that the squad leader takes one 30-inch step and then takes up the half step. The squad leader continues marching with the half step until the other squad leaders come abreast. The other squad leaders must maintain correct interval, execute a 45-degree pivot, and continue marching in an arc. As these squad leaders come on line with the base squad leader, they take up the half step. When all squad leaders are even, they step off with a 30-inch step without command. All other detachment members march forward on the command of execution and execute the column movement at approximately the same location as their squad leaders and in the same manner. To change direction 45 degrees, the command is “column half right (half left), march.” On the command “march,” the detachment executes the movement in the same manner as for a 90- degree turn except that everyone makes a 45-degree turn. Marching to the Rear or Inclining The detachment marches in the opposite direction (“rear, march”) and inclines around an object (“incline around”) in the same manner as the squad. Counter Column, March When space is limited and the detachment leader wants to march the detachment in the opposite direction with the squad leaders at the head of their squads, the detachment leader commands “counter column, march.” (Use the illustration below to guide your way through this procedure.) On the command “march:” • The first squad marches forward three steps, executes a column right, marches across the front of the detachment, and executes another column right just beyond the fourth squad. • The second squad steps forward one step, executes a column right, marches forward, and executes another column right between the third and fourth squads. • The third squad executes two short column lefts from the halt, and marches between the remainder of the third squad and the second squad. 36

The fourth squad marches forward two steps, executes a column left, marches across the front of the detachment, and executes another column left between the first and second squads. • As the third squad leader marches past the last Cadet in the third squad, the entire squad begins to march at half step. After marching past the last Cadet in each file, all other squads incline to the right and left as necessary, obtain normal interval on the third squad, and begin to march with the half step. When all squads are even with one another, they begin marching with a 30-inch step without command. During the movement, the detachment leader marches alongside of the first squad, and the detachment sergeant marches one step to the rear and centered between the second and third squads. When marching, the detachment leader gives the preparatory command “counter column” as the left foot strikes the marching surface. On the command of execution “march,” the detachment executes the movement basically the same as from the halt, except that the squad takes one additional step to ensure that the pivot foot is in the correct place to execute the movement. Forming a File and Re-Forming A detachment forms a single file from the left, right, or as designated, and only from the column formation and the halt. The command is “file from the left (right), march” (or “file in sequence 3-2-4-1, march”). On the preparatory command, the squad leader of the designated (or lead) squad gives the supplementary command “forward.” The other squad leaders command “stand fast.” Then, on the command of execution “march,” the lead squad marches forward. The stationary squad leader next to the lead squad looks over the shoulder nearest the moving element. When the second from the last Cadet in the lead squad is abreast, that stationary squad leader commands “column half left (half right).” Then, when the last Cadet in the lead squad is abreast and his or her right foot strikes the marching surface, the stationary squad leader commands “march.” On the command of execution, the squad leader next to the lead squad executes the column half left (half right), inclines to the right without command, and follows the last Cadet of the lead squad at the correct distance. The other squad members march forward and execute the same movements as their squad leader. The remaining squads form the file in the same manner, one after another. A detachment may also form a file and execute a column movement at the same time from a column formation. The execution is similar to that described above, except the leader’s preparatory command, the lead squad leader commands “column left (right)” instead of “forward.” The other squad leaders also command “column left (right), march” at the appropriate time. The detachment re-forms to the original column formation only from the halt. The command is “column of fours to the right (left), march.” On the preparatory command, the squad leader of the base squad commands “stand fast.” All other squad leaders command “column half right (half left).” 37

On the command of execution “march,” the base squad stands fast; all other squads execute the column half right (half left) at the same time. As each of the moving squad leaders reach a point that ensures correct interval on the element to their left (right), they automatically incline to the left (right) and command “mark time, march” and “squad, halt” so that their squad is abreast of the base squad when halted. Forming/Re-Forming a Column of Twos A detachment forms a column of twos from the right or left when in a column of fours at the halt. The command is, “column of twos from the left (right), march.” The basic elements of the movement are similar to forming a column of twos in a squad formation. On the preparatory command, the squad leaders of the two lead squads command “for-ward.” The other two squad leaders command “stand fast.” On the detachment leader’s command “march,” the two lead squads march forward. The squad leader who is next to the lead element gives the command to start both remaining squads in motion. Looking over the shoulder nearest the moving elements, the squad leader gives the preparatory command “column half left (half right).” This is done when the second from the last Cadet is next to him or her, and gives the command “march,” when the right foot of the last Cadet strikes the marching surface. On the detachment leader’s command of execution, both squad leaders execute the column half left (half right), incline to the right (left) without command, and follow the last Cadets of the lead squads at the correct distance. Other members of the remaining squads march forward and execute the same movements as their squad leaders. The detachment may also form a column of twos and execute a column movement at the same time from a column formation. The command is “column of twos from the left (right), column left (right), march.” The squad leaders of the lead squads command “column left (right)” instead of “forward.” The squad leader of the next squad gives the command “column left (right);” however, that leader then executes a column half left (half right). The remaining two squad leaders stand fast. On the detachment leader’s command “march,” the lead squads execute the column left (right). The squad leader next to the lead squad gives the command to start the remaining squads in motion. Looking over the shoulder nearest the moving elements, the squad leader gives the preparatory command “column left (right)” when the second from the last Cadet is next to him or her, and gives the command of execution “march” as the right foot of the last Cadet strikes the marching surface (at the pivot for column left, or the first time the last Cadet’s right foot strikes the marching surface after the pivot for column right). Although the command is “column left (right),” the outside squads execute a column half left (half right). To re-form the original column formation, the detachment must be at the halt. The command is “column of fours to the right (left), march.” On the preparatory command, the squad leaders of the lead squads command “stand fast.” The trailing squad leaders command “column half right (half left).” On the detachment leader’s command “march,” the lead squads stand fast. The trailing squad leaders execute slightly more than the column half right (half left) at the same time. As the trailing squad leaders reach a point that ensures correct interval on the element to their left 38

(right), they incline to the left (right) without command. The squad leader nearest the stationary lead squads commands “mark time, march” and “squads, halt.” The Physical Fitness Training Formation Commands for PT Formation (Extended rectangular formation) 1. Detachment Attention / Fall in 2. Extend to the Left, March 3. Arms Downward, Move 4. Left Face 5. Extend to the Left, March 6. Arms Downward, Move 7. Right Face 8. From Front to Rear, Count, Off 9. Even Numbers to the Left, Uncover 10. Stand at, ease Commands to Conduct Exercises 1. Detachment, Attention 2. The First Exercise will be (ex. Side Straddle Hop). (Group will echo exercise.) 3. Start Position, move. 4. I will count the cadence, you will count the repetitions. 5. In Cadence (Group will echo command) 6. Exercise (1,2,3) 7. Inflect voice in counting, group will halt 8. Position of Attention, Move 9. At ease, shake it out When finished with exercises, Command: Assemble to the Right, March. 39

APPENDIX A: A GUIDE TO SUCCESS A Successful LCDC Cadet: - Lives by the Cadet Creed - Always presents a positive example - Is honest and trustworthy - Does not make excuses - Is responsible and accountable - Seeks to improve themselves, their fellow cadets and the corps - Displays a can do attitude and willingness to learn - Is involved in corps and school activities - Excels academically in all subject areas - Ensures that their uniform is always clean and is always worn correctly - Adheres to customs and courtesies and always shows appropriate respect to senior cadets and school faculty - Fulfills their obligations (Flag detail, clean up detail, ect.) - Is aware of the training calendar and is prepared for daily activities (Drill & PT) - Actively seeks positions of leadership 40

APPENDIX B: MILITARY TIME (THE 24 HOUR CLOCK) 41

APPENDIX C: CADET AWARDS Cadets must be in good standing in and out of the classroom to be eligible for any award. Meeting the criteria specifies here does not automatically entitle a cadet to an award Shoulder Cords. Shoulder cords will be worn in Color and honor guard commanders may temporarily modify the wear precedence in order of precedence with the most important cord worn order to present a uniform appearance during on the left shoulder. No more than two shoulder cords public performances. Cords should be may be worn at a time. returned to the established precedence after the ceremony. National Honor Society (Gold) Cadet of the Month (Green) Color Guard (White) DET SGT (Purple) Award Eligibility Criteria & Order of Precedence Ribbons will be worn in the order of precedence from right to left as worn. In other words, the most important ribbon is placed to the wearer’s right. All cadet awards will be worn in the following order of precedence: Cadet of the Year Medal Criteria: Awarded annually to the winner of the cadet of the year board. Citizenship Medal Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet at each LET level who displays the highest degree of citizenship Distinguished Cadet Award for Scholastic Excellence (RC-R601) Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet who exhibits the highest degree of excellence in scholastics. 42

Academic Excellence Ribbon (RC-R602) Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet in each LET level for achieving the highest academic grades, less physical education Academic Achievement Ribbon (RC-R603) Criteria: Awarded annually to those cadets who receive an A in all subject areas in each of the first three grading periods of an academic year. Perfect Attendance Ribbon (RC-R604) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets with no unexcused absences during the school year. Leadership Ribbon (RC-R605) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who hold a position of leadership within another school activity. Leadership Development Service Ribbon (RC-R606) Criteria: Awarded to cadets successfully completing the first semester of training of each DET level. Volunteer Service Ribbon (RC-R607) Criteria: Awarded to cadets who volunteer 20 hours or more in support of the local communty activities. 43

Senior Army Instructor Leadership Ribbon (RC-R608) Criteria: Awarded annually to the best squad leader and detachment sergeants. May also be awarded to any cadet for exceptional performance or achievement while serving in a leadership capacity Personal Appearance Ribbon (RC-R609) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who consistently present an outstanding appearance while in uniform Color/Honor Guard Ribbon (RC-R610) Criteria: Award annually to members of color/honor guard who have performed at least three color guards in support or school or civic activities LCDC Extracurricular Activities (RC-R611) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who have actively participated in LCDC extracurricular activities. Commendation Ribbon (RC-R612) Criteria: Awarded to cadets whose performance of duty exceeds that expected of cadets of their grade and experience. Good Conduct Ribbon (RC-R613) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who have continually demonstrated outstanding conduct throughout the school year 44

Achievement Ribbon (RC-R614) Criteria: Awarded to cadets whose performance exceeds that expected of cadets of their grade and experience. Cadets who earn 25 merits are eligible for award of this award. Cadet Drill and Ceremony Excellence (RC-R615) Criteria: Awarded to cadets who demonstrate excellence in individual drill and ceremonies Unit Drill & Ceremony Excellence (RC-R616) Criteria: Awarded to all members of the detachment finishing first in detachment drill event in the annual drill competition Squad Drill & Ceremony Excellence (RC-R617) Criteria: Awarded to all members of the squad finishing first in detachment drill during the annual drill competition Athletics Ribbon (RC-R618) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who are members of a school athletic team during the school year Physical Fitness Ribbon (RC-R619) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who maintain excellent physical fitness. Presented to cadets receiving an 85-percentile rating or better in all 5 Cadet Challenge events 45

Athletic Ribbon (RC-R620) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who maintain a basic, yet challenging level of physical fitness. Presented to cadets receiving a 50-percentile rating or better in all 5 Cadet Challenge events School Contribution Ribbon (RC-R621) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who are members of nonathletic activities sponsored by the school during the year Character Ribbon (RC-R622) Criteria: Awarded to cadets who demonstrates through a single act or pattern of behavior a level of character that sets the example for all others to follow Honor Detachment (RC-R623) Criteria: Awarded semi-annually to all members of the detachment deemed the most outstanding for the previous semester LCDC Drill Champion (RC-R624) Criteria: Awarded to all members of the detachment attaining the highest overall score in the annual drill competition 46

Service Learning Ribbon (RC-R625) Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who participate in service learning projects COMPETITOR AWARDS: From time to time a school may award a competitor ribbon to those cadets participating in a competitive meet. Competitor ribbons maybe worn on the uniform beneath association awards. Those awarded more than one competitor ribbon may place those awards in precedence according to personal preference. FIESTA MEDALS: Fiesta medals are not authorized for wear on the cadet uniform. SHOULDER CORDS: No more than one cord may be worn on each shoulder. If only one cord is worn it will be worn on the left shoulder. If two cords are worn, they will be worn in the following precedence from the wearer's left to right: National Honor Society (Gold) – Awarded to cadets elected to the National Honor Society, Color guard (White) – Members of the color guard team are authorized to wear the white cord while actively participating* as a member of the team. Team members who perform at least five color guards are eligible for permanent award of the color guard shoulder cord. SPECIAL SHOULDER CORDS: Detachment Sergeant (Purple) – Cadets selected as the Detachment Sergeant will wear a single purple cord. This cord will be worn while they are serving as the detachment sergeant. Once their tenure has ended they are no longer authorized to wear the cord. Cadet of the Month (Green) – Cadets selected as the Cadet of the Month are authorized to wear the green cord for one month following their selection or until a new cadet of the month is selected. ARC AWARDS. The following ARC awards are eligible for wear in the order of precedence. Honor Roll – Awarded to cadets who maintain an A average in LCDC and at least a B average in all subjects areas for a semester. Color Guard – Awarded to color guard team members who successfully complete their third color guard. Iron Man / Woman – Awarded annually to the male / female cadet who attains the highest score on the cadet challenge 47

APPENDIX D: MANDATORY KNOWLEDGE Cole High School Knowledge Q: Where and when was Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole born? A: Fort Sam Houston, 19 March 1915 Q: Why was Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole awarded the Medal of Honor? A: On June 11, 1944, he personally led a bayonet charge into heavy German resistance to secure a bridgehead at the Douve River, enabling the 101st Infantry Division to seize the French town of Carentan Q: Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole died where, when, how? A: Best, Netherlands; September 18, 1944; shot by a German sniper Q: Where is Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole buried? A: American Cemetery; Margraten, Netherlands Q: Who is Cole’s principle? A: Dr. Isabelle Clayton Q: Who is the Superintendent of the Fort Sam Independent School District? A: Dr. Gary Bates Q: In whose honor is the JROTC building dedicated? A: Sergeant Major Rufus C. Pryor, Cole AI, 1990-2002 LCDC Knowledge Q: What is the mission of the LCDC? A: To develop and inspire leadership skills and character development in middle school students Q: What is the key to success in LCDC? A: Teamwork, positive attitude and motivation Q: What is teamwork? A: Teamwork is working together to complete an assigned task on time with good results Q: What is leadership? A: The ability to influence and direct others to accomplish an assigned mission Q: What is character? A: The mental courage to do what is right 48

Q: What does the term “DET” stand for? A: Developmental Education and Training Q: What are the seven Army values? A: Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, Personal Courage (LDRSHIP) Citizenship Knowledge Q: Name the three branches of the federal government. A: Executive, Legislative & Judicial Q: How many senators are in the US Senate? A: 100, two for each state Q: A US Senator is elected for a ___ year term? A: Six Q: How many congressmen are in the House of Representatives? A: 435 Q: A US Congressman is elected for a ___ year term? A: Two Q: What is the maximum number of years a person can serve as the President of the United States? A: Eight, 2 four year terms Q: A person must be how old before they can serve as President? A: Thirty-five Q: What country did the colonies defeat in the revolutionary war? A: Great Britain Q: At what age can you vote? A: Eighteen Q: What branch of government has the power to create laws? A: Legislative (Senate & House of Representatives) Q: Laws created by the Legislative Branch do not become law unit signed by? A: The President Q: That is it called when the president disapproves a bill passed by congress? A: Veto 49