total of six steps in front of the company), and assumes the duties of the company commander from that position. Breaking Ranks When the situation requires one or more individuals to leave a company formation or to obtain specific instructions from the company commander, the company commander directs “Cadet Private __________, front and center” or “the following personnel front and center: Cadet Private , Cadet Private , etc.” If you hear the leader call your name, come to the position of attention, reply “here, sir (sergeant),” take one 15-inch step backward, halt, face to the right (left) in marching, and exit the formation by marching to the nearest flank. Once the individual has cleared the formation, he begins to double-time and halts two steps in front of, and centered on, the first sergeant. Aligning the Company This process is similar to aligning a squad. The command for alignment is “dress right, dress.” On the command of execution “dress,” the first squad leader stands fast and serves as the base. Other squad leaders estimate correct distance between their units and the squad in front of them. The Cadets in the first squad obtain exact interval as they did in squad drill. All other squads execute as the first squad, except that each Cadet raises the left arm for uniformity and covers on the Cadet in front of them by glancing out of the corner of the left eye. To obtain exact alignment, the first sergeant marches (on the command of execution “dress”) by the most direct route to a position on line with the first squad, halts one step from the squad leader, and faces down that line. The first sergeant then verifies the alignment of the first squad and instructs Cadets (calling them by name or number) to move forward or back as necessary to form an even line. After aligning the first squad, the first sergeant faces to the left (right) in marching, takes two (or three) short steps to the second squad, halts, faces down that line, and aligns that squad in the same manner as the first squad. The first sergeant follows this same procedure for the remaining squads. When finished with the last squad, the first sergeant returns to the position centered on the company, halts perpendicular to the formation, faces to the left (right), and commands “ready, front.” Covering and Recovering To align the company in a column formation, the commands are “cover” and “recover.” On the command “cover,” the fourth squad leader stands fast and serves as the base. The squad leaders, with the exception of the left flank squad leader, raise their arms laterally and turn their heads and eyes to the right. The members of the fourth squad raise their arms horizontally (as in squad drill) to the front and cover on the Cadet to their front at the correct distance. Cadets of the third, second, and first squads raise their left arms horizontally to the front (for uniformity only), cover on the person to their front, and, at the same time, glance out of the corner of their right eyes to align on the Cadet to their right. To resume the position of attention, the first sergeant gives the command “recover.” On this command, Cadets return sharply to the position of attention. 50
Opening and Closing Ranks A company opens ranks from a line formation while at the halt. The command is “open ranks, march,” and the company may execute it from any of the prescribed intervals. On the command of execution “march,” the front rank takes two steps forward, the second rank takes one step forward, the third rank stands fast, and the fourth rank takes two steps backward. If additional ranks are present, the fifth rank takes four steps backward, the sixth rank takes six steps backward, etc. After taking the required number of steps, company members do not raise their arms to align themselves. If the first sergeant wants the exact interval or alignment, he or she commands “at close interval (at double interval), dress right, dress” and “ready, front.” The command to close ranks is “close ranks, march.” On the command of execution “march,” the first rank takes four steps backward, the second rank takes two steps backward, the third rank stands fast, and the fourth rank takes one step forward. Also, on the command of execution “march,” the company commander and first sergeant take the approximate number of steps to maintain their correct positions. Resting and Dismissing the Company The company rests in the same manner as prescribed for the squad. The procedures for dismissing the company are basically the same as prescribed for the squad. The following differences exist. When the company commander commands “first sergeant,” the first sergeant faces to the right in marching and inclines around the squad leaders, halts three steps in front of and centered on the company and faces to the right. The company commander then commands “take charge of the company,” they exchange salutes, and the company commander is no longer a part of the formation. The first sergeant takes three steps forward, halts, faces about, and carries out the company commander’s instructions. The first sergeant may release the squads to the control of the squad leaders by commanding “take charge of your squads.” The first sergeant and squad leaders exchange salutes and the first sergeant is no longer a part of the formation. Without leaving their positions, the squad leaders then command “fall out.” Changing Directions 90- or 45-degree Turns. During a march, a company will need to change direction at some point. There are several ways to do this, including a 90- or 45-degree turn, marching to the rear or incline, or counter column, march. The following sections help describe how these are done. The company changes the direction of marching basically the same as the squad. During a column movement, the base element is the squad on the flank in the direction of the turn. To change direction 90 degrees, the command is “column right (left), march.” On the command of execution “march,” the base squad executes the movement as in squad drill, except that the squad leader takes one 30-inch step and then takes up the half step. The squad leader continues marching with the half step until the other squad leaders come abreast. The other squad leaders must maintain correct interval, execute a 45-degree pivot, and continue marching in an arc. As these squad leaders come on line with the base squad leader, they take up the half step. When all squad leaders are even, they step off with a 30-inch step without command. All other 51
company members march forward on the command of execution and execute the column movement at approximately the same location as their squad leaders and in the same manner. To change direction 45 degrees, the command is “column half right (half left), march.” On the command “march,” the company executes the movement in the same manner as for a 90-degree turn except that everyone makes a 45-degree turn. Marching to the Rear or Inclining The company marches in the opposite direction (“rear, march”) and inclines around an object (“incline around”) in the same manner as the squad. Counter Column, March When space is limited and the first sergeant wants to march the company in the opposite direction with the squad leaders at the head of their squads, the company commander commands “counter column, march.” (Use the illustration below to guide your way through this procedure.) On the command “march:” • The first squad marches forward three steps, executes a column right, marches across the front of the company and executes another column right just beyond the fourth squad. • The second squad steps forward one step, executes a column right, marches forward, and executes another column right between the third and fourth squads. • The third squad executes two short column lefts from the halt, and marches between the remainder of the third squad and the second squad. The fourth squad marches forward two steps, executes a column left, marches across the front of the company, and executes another column left between the first and second squads. • As the third squad leader marches past the last Cadet in the third squad, the entire squad begins to march at half step. After marching past the last Cadet in each file, all other squads incline to the right and left as necessary, obtain normal interval on the third squad, and begin to march with the half step. When all squads are even with one another, they begin marching with a 30-inch step without command. During the movement, the company commander marches alongside of the first squad, and the first sergeant marches one step to the rear and centered between the second and third squads. When marching, the company commander gives the preparatory command “counter column” as the left foot strikes the marching surface. On the command of execution “march,” the company executes the movement basically the same as from the halt, except that the squad takes one additional step to ensure that the pivot foot is in the correct place to execute the movement. 52
Forming a File and Re-Forming A company forms a single file from the left, right, or as designated, and only from the column formation and the halt. The command is “file from the left (right), march” (or “file in sequence 3-2-4-1, march”). On the preparatory command, the squad leader of the designated (or lead) squad gives the supplementary command “forward.” The other squad leaders command “stand fast.” Then, on the command of execution “march,” the lead squad marches forward. The stationary squad leader next to the lead squad looks over the shoulder nearest the moving element. When the second from the last Cadet in the lead squad is abreast, that stationary squad leader commands “column half left (half right).” Then, when the last Cadet in the lead squad is abreast and his or her right foot strikes the marching surface, the stationary squad leader commands “march.” On the command of execution, the squad leader next to the lead squad executes the column half left (half right), inclines to the right without command, and follows the last Cadet of the lead squad at the correct distance. The other squad members march forward and execute the same movements as their squad leader. The remaining squads form the file in the same manner, one after another. A company may also form a file and execute a column movement at the same time from a column formation. The execution is similar to that described above, except the leader’s preparatory command, the lead squad leader commands “column left (right)” instead of “forward.” The other squad leaders also command “column left (right), march” at the appropriate time. The company re-forms to the original column formation only from the halt. The command is “column of fours to the right (left), march.” On the preparatory command, the squad leader of the base squad commands “stand fast.” All other squad leaders command “column half right (half left).” On the command of execution “march,” the base squad stands fast; all other squads execute the column half right (half left) at the same time. As each of the moving squad leaders reach a point that ensures correct interval on the element to their left (right), they automatically incline to the left (right) and command “mark time, march” and “squad, halt” so that their squad is abreast of the base squad when halted. Forming/Re-Forming a Column of Twos A company forms a column of twos from the right or left when in a column of fours at the halt. The command is, “column of twos from the left (right), march.” The basic elements of the movement are similar to forming a column of twos in a squad formation. On the preparatory command, the squad leaders of the two lead squads command “for-ward.” The other two squad leaders command “stand fast.” On the company commander’s command “march,” the two lead squads march forward. The squad leader who is next to the lead element gives the command to start both remaining squads in motion. Looking over the shoulder nearest the moving elements, the squad leader gives the preparatory command “column half left (half right).” This is done 53
when the second from the last Cadet is next to him or her, and gives the command “march,” when the right foot of the last Cadet strikes the marching surface. On the first sergeant’s command of execution, both squad leaders execute the column half left (half right), incline to the right (left) without command, and follow the last Cadets of the lead squads at the correct distance. Other members of the remaining squads march forward and execute the same movements as their squad leaders. The company may also form a column of twos and execute a column movement at the same time from a column formation. The command is “column of twos from the left (right), column left (right), march.” The squad leaders of the lead squads command “column left (right)” instead of “forward.” The squad leader of the next squad gives the command “column left (right);” however, that leader then executes a column half left (half right). The remaining two squad leaders stand fast. On the first sergeant’s command “march,” the lead squads execute the column left (right). The squad leader next to the lead squad gives the command to start the remaining squads in motion. Looking over the shoulder nearest the moving elements, the squad leader gives the preparatory command “column left (right)” when the second from the last Cadet is next to him or her, and gives the command of execution “march” as the right foot of the last Cadet strikes the marching surface (at the pivot for column left, or the first time the last Cadet’s right foot strikes the marching surface after the pivot for column right). Although the command is “column left (right),” the outside squads execute a column half left (half right). To re-form the original column formation, the company must be at the halt. The command is “column of fours to the right (left), march.” On the preparatory command, the squad leaders of the lead squads command “stand fast.” The trailing squad leaders command “column half right (half left).” On the first sergeant’s command “march,” the lead squads stand fast. The trailing squad leaders execute slightly more than the column half right (half left) at the same time. As the trailing squad leaders reach a point that ensures correct interval on the element to their left (right), they incline to the left (right) without command. The squad leader nearest the stationary lead squads commands “mark time, march” and “squads, halt.” The Physical Fitness Training Formation Commands for PT Formation (Extended rectangular formation) 1. Company Attention / Fall in 2. Extend to the Left, March 3. Arms Downward, Move 4. Left Face 5. Extend to the Left, March 6. Arms Downward, Move 7. Right Face 8. From Front to Rear, Count, Off 9. Even Numbers to the Left, Uncover 10. Stand at, ease 54
Commands to Conduct Exercises 1. Company, Attention 2. The First Exercise will be (ex. Side Straddle Hop). (Group will echo exercise.) 3. Start Position, move. 4. I will count the cadence, you will count the repetitions. 5. In Cadence (Group will echo command) 6. Exercise (1,2,3) 7. Inflect voice in counting, group will halt 8. Position of Attention, Move 9. At ease, shake it out When finished with exercises, Command: Assemble to the Right, March. 55
APPENDIX A: KEYS TO SUCCESS IN JROTC A Successful JROTC Cadet: - Lives by the Cadet Creed - Always presents a positive example - Is honest and trustworthy - Does not make excuses - Is responsible and accountable - Seeks to improve themselves, their fellow cadets and the corps - Displays a can do attitude and willingness to learn - Is involved in corps and school activities - Excels academically in all subject areas - Ensures that their uniform is always clean and is always worn correctly - Adheres to customs and courtesies and always shows appropriate respect to senior cadets and school faculty - Fulfills their obligations (Flag detail, clean up detail, ect.) - Is aware of the training calendar and is prepared for daily activities (Drill & PT) - Actively seeks positions of leadership 56
APPENDIX B: CADET GUIDE TO BOARDS Pre-board. Arrive early. Recheck your uniform - have another cadet inspect you. Relax Entering the room. Place your headgear in your left hand. Knock confidently three times on the door. Wait for the board president to tell you to enter. Walk in the most direct route possible to a position in front of the chair that sits in front of the board table Face and report to the board president. You report in saying the following “ Sir,/Ma’am” or Sergeant Major, Cadet (Rank and Last Name) reports to the president of the board.” Hold your salute until the president of the board returns it. After ordering arms , remain at attention for the uniform inspection. Cadets will be required to recite the cadet creed and uniform inspect before sitting down. Do not rush through your creed, slow down. If you make a mistake or get confused, take a deep breath and restart. When the inspection is complete the board president will ask you to sit. Sitting in the chair. Practice good posture. Sit so that your back is a few inches off the back of the seat – sit straight, do not lean back. Keep your knees together with your hands placed on top of your knees. Addressing Board Members. Maintain eye contact with the board member as they speak to you. When answering a question, maintain eye contact with the board member who asked the question. Speak clearly and loud enough for all board members to hear you. Be sure to address board members with the appropriately ( i.e. Sir, Ma’am or Sergeant). Speak confidently with a natural tone and tempo. Avoid verbal pauses and fillers such as “Um”and “Ahh.” When asked a question, repeat the question as a part of your answer. For example, “Sergeant, the four lifesaving steps in the correct order are.” If you do not know the answer to a question do not guess (i.e. “I think the answer is”) If you need to think about the question ask the board member to repeat the question and pause before answering. You should answer with “Sir,/Ma’am/Sergeant Major, etc. this cadet does not know the answer to your question.” Departing the room. After the board has finished asking questions, you will be dismissed by the president of the board. When dismissed come to attention and salute the board president. After you salute is returned depart in the most direct path to the door. Walk away from the door quietly. Keys to Success: ✓ Study for the board ✓ Squared away the uniform (Clean and correct) ✓ Have a professional haircut / style ✓ Cleanly shaven ✓ Arrive early and relax ✓ Follow the board procedures ✓ Be professional 57
APPENDIX C: GUIDE TO TYING A NECK TIE Tying a Half Windsor Knot 1. As with all tie knots: Flip up your collars, button the town button and lay the tie around your neck. The wide end of the tie should hang about 5-6 inches lower than the narrow and, and the inside of the tie should have your body. 2. Loop the wide end of the tie thorough the gap between neck and necktie. 3. Pull the wide end of the tie back over to the front. Pull it slightly tight. Then, take this end of the tie and wrap back behind the narrow end of the tie. 4. Then, wrap the wide end of the necktie back over the front of the narrow end. Don’t pull tight but create a loop at the front of the unfinished knot. 5. Just like you did in step # 2, pull the wide end of the tie in between your collar and the tie. Then, pull the wide end thorough the loop you created in step #4. 6. Give the half-Windsor knot a final adjustment and flip down your collars. Done! Tying a Four in Hand Knot 1. Flip up your collar, button down the top button, and lay the necktie around your neck so that the wide end of the tie hangs 5-6 inches lower than the narrow end. Make sure that the inseam of the tie faces your body. 2. Place the wide end of the necktie over the narrow end, and wrap around. Hold the narrow end down with your other hand. 3. Then, wrap the wide end over the narrow end. Don’t pull it tight, but create a loop at front of the unfinished tie knot. 4. Then, loop the wide end of the tie through the gap between unfinished tie knot and your collar. Then take this wide end of the tie and pull it through the loop you created on step #3. 58
5. Give the Four-in-Hand knot some final adjustment, pull it tight, center it between the collars, and flip the collar back down. You are done! Tying a Windsor Knot 1. Lay the tie around your neck so that the wide end of your tie hangs down about 6-7 inches longer than the narrow end. Cross the wide end over the narrow end. 2. Loop the necktie through the gap between neck and unfinished tie knot. Pull it all the way around and then back behind the narrow end. 3. Now do the same thing on the other side. 4. Wrap the wide end of the tie back over to the front. 5. Pull the wide end back through in between neck and unfinished knot. Don’t pull tight, but create a loop in front of the knot. 6. Pull the wide end of the tie through this loop. 7. Pull tight and give the knot a final adjustment. And you are done! 59
APPENDIX D: MILITARY TIME (THE 24 HOUR CLOCK) 60
APPENDIX E: THE PHONETIC ALPHABET 61
APPENDIX F: LEADERSHIP &CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT CORPS (LCDC) RANKS Second Year Ranks Senior Cadet 1 (SC1) Senior Cadet (SC2) Senior Cadet 3 (SC3) Senior Cadet 4 (SC4) First Year Ranks Junior Cadet 1 (JC1) Junior Cadet (JC2) Junior Cadet 3 (JC3) Junior Cadet 4 (JC4) 62
APPENDIX G: ACTIVE DUTY RANKS 63
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APPENDIX H: CADET AWARDS Award Eligibility Criteria & Order of Precedence Cadets must be in good standing in and out of the classroom to be eligible for any award. Meeting the criteria specifies here does not automatically entitle a cadet to an award. Ribbons will be worn in the order of precedence from right to left as worn. In other words, the most important ribbon is placed to the wearer’s right. All cadet awards will be worn in the following order of precedence: Cadet Command Medal for Heroism (Department of the Army) General. The Medal of Heroism is a U.S. military decoration awarded by the Department of the Army (DA) to a JROTC Cadet who performs an act of heroism. Criteria. The achievement must be an accomplishment so exceptional and outstanding that it clearly sets the individual apart from fellow students or from other persons in similar circumstances. The performance must have involved the acceptance of danger and extraordinary responsibilities, exemplifying praiseworthy fortitude and courage. Superior Cadet Decoration (Department of the Army) Criteria: Awarded annually to the most outstanding cadet at each LET level. Cadet of the Year Medal (Local Award) Criteria: Awarded annually to the winner of the cadet of the year board. Citizenship Medal (Local Award) Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet at each LET level who displays the highest degree of citizenship 65
N-1-1 Distinguished Cadet Award for Scholastic Excellence Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet who exhibits the highest degree of excellence in scholastics. N-1-2 Academic Excellence Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to one cadet in each LET level for achieving the highest academic grades, less physical education N-1-3 Academic Achievement Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to those cadets who receive an A in all subject areas in each of the first three grading periods of an academic year. N-1-4 Perfect Attendance Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets with no unexcused absences during the school year. N-1-5 Student Government Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets elected to a student government office. N-1-6 Leadership Development Service Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets successfully completing the first semester of training of each LET year. N-1-7 SAI Option – Volunteer Service Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets who volunteer 25 hours or more in support of the local communty activities. 66
N-1-8 SAI Option – Summer Participation Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to any cadet who volunteers at least 8 hours over the Summer break in support of JROTC activities. N-1-9 SAI Option – Fund Raising Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets who raise $200 or more on behalf of the corps of cadets N-1-10 SAI Option - LCDC Partcipation Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets who successfully complete at least one year of the LCDC curriculm N-3-1 Senior Army Instructor Leadership Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to the best squad leader, first sergeant and company commander. May also be awarded to any cadet for exceptional performance or achievement while serving in a leadership capacity N-3-2 Personal Appearance Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who consistently present an outstanding appearance while in uniform N-3-3 Proficiency Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to those Cadets who have demonstrated an exceptionally high degree of leadership, academic achievement, and performance of duty. To be eligible for the award, Cadets must maintain an “A” average in JROTC and a “B” average in all other subject areas through the third grading period of each academic year and be recommended by their chain of command. 67
N-3-4 Drill Team Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to drill team members. N-3-5 Orienteering Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who are members of the orienteering team N-3-6 Color/Honor Guard Ribbon Criteria: Award annually to members of color/honor guard who have performed at least three color guards in support or school or civic activities N-3-7 Marksmanship Team Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who have actively participated in rifle team activities. N-3-8 Adventure Team Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who have actively participated in adventure team activities N-3-9 Commendation Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets whose performance of duty exceptionally exceeds that expected of cadets of their grade and experience N-3-10 Good Conduct Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who have continually demonstrated outstanding conduct throughout the school year 68
N-3-11 JROTC Cadet Leadership Challenge (JCLC) Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets for successful JCLC N-3-12 SAI Optional – Achievement Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets whose performance exceeds that expected of cadets of their grade and experience. Cadets who earn 40 merits are eligible for award of this award. N-3-13 SAI Optional – Cadet Drill and Ceremony Excellence Criteria: Awarded to cadets who demonstrate excellence in individual drill and ceremonies N-3-14 SAI Optional – Unit Drill & Ceremony Excellence Criteria: Awarded to all members of the company finishing first in company drill event in the annual drill competition N-3-15 SAI Optional – Squad Drill & Ceremony Excellence Criteria: Awarded to all members of the squad finishing first in company drill during the annual drill competition N-2-1 Varsity Athletic Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who participate in varsity athletics during the school year N-2-2 Physical Fitness Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who maintain excellent physical fitness. Presented to cadets receiving an 85-percentile rating or better in all 5 Cadet Challenge events 69
N-2-3 ROTC Athletic Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who maintain a basic, yet challenging level of physical fitness. Presented to cadets receiving a 50-percentile rating or better in all 5 Cadet Challenge events N-2-4 SAI Option – University Interscholastic League (UIL) Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who participate in UIL (Nonathletic) activities during the school year N-2-5 SAI Optional – Corps Day Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to all cadets who are members of the company finishing first during the annual corps day competition N-4-1 Parade Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets who have participated in local community parades N-4-2 Recruiting Ribbon Criteria: Awarded to cadets who recruit students into the JROTC program or volunteers more than 6 hours in support of recruiting activities N-4-3 SAI Option – Honor Company Criteria: Awarded annually to all members of the company deemed the most outstanding for the school year N-4-4 SAI Option – Battalion Drill Champion Criteria: : Awarded to all members of the company attaining the highest overall score in the annual drill competition 70
N-4-5 SAI Option – Academic Decathlon Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to those cadets who participate in the academic decathlon. To be eligible for this award, cadets must recommended by the academic decathlon faculty sponsor. N-4-6 Service Learning Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadets who participate in service learning projects N-4-7 Excellent Staff Performance Ribbon Criteria: Awarded annually to cadet staff officers for excellent performance ASSOCIATION AWARDS. The following awards are sponsored by various veterans groups. Recipients of an association award should wear them in the lowest order of precedence. Those awarded more than one association award may place those awards in precedence according to personal preference. Sons of the American Revolution (SAR) Award Criteria: The award recognizes a LET 3 cadet who demonstrates outstanding leadership qualities, military bearing, all-around excellence in JROTC activities, and community service outstanding performance. Exhibit a high degree of merit with respect to leadership qualities, military bearing, all-around excellence in JROTC activities, and community service. The Military Order of the World Wars Bronze ROTC Award of Merit Criteria: Awarded annually to a cadet who has made marked improvement in both military discipline and scholastic grades over the course of the school year. Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) Award Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 4 cadet who demonstrates the qualities of dependability, good character, adherence to military discipline, leadership ability and a fundamental and patriotic understanding of the importance of JROTC. 71
American Legion General Military Excellence Award Criteria: Awards annually to a cadet who has demonstrated outstanding qualities in military leadership, discipline, character, and citizenship. American Legion Scholastic Excellence Award Criteria: Awards annually to a cadet who has demonstrated superior scholastic achievement while actively participating in related student activities such as student organizations, constructive activities, or sports. National Sojourners Award Criteria: Awarded annually to an outstanding a LET 2 or LET 3 cadet who contributed the most to encourage and demonstrate Americanism within the Corps of Cadets and on the campus. Scottish Rite of Freemasonry JROTC Award Criteria: Awarded annually to an outstanding a LET 3 cadet who has done the most to encourage and demonstrate Americanism, by deeds or conduct during participation in integrated-curricular activities or community projects. Awarded: Springs awards ceremony U.S. Army Recruiting Command (USAREC) Award Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 3 cadet for outstanding achievement and contributions to JROTC. Demonstrate qualities of dependability and good character, respect military discipline and standards, and possess a fundamental and patriotic understanding of the importance of JROTC training. Association of United States Army (AUSA) Medal Criteria: Awarded annually to a cadet demonstrating outstanding leadership and academic achievement. Military Officers Association of America (MOAA) JROTC Medal Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 3 cadet who has demonstrated exceptional potential for military leadership, a high degree of loyalty to the unit, school, and the country. The Reserve Officers Association (ROA) Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 3 cadet in recognition of outstanding achievement and exceptional leadership ability. Cadet must demonstrate a high degree of loyalty to the units, school, community, and country. 72
Military Order of the Purple Heart (MOPH) Award Criteria: Awarded annually for outstanding leadership ability and patriotism. Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) Award Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 2, 3 or 4 cadet in recognition of outstanding achievement, exceptional leadership ability, outstanding military bearing and conduct in and out of uniform. Demonstrates self-confidence, initiative, flexibility, and judgment and patriotism. American Veterans (AMVETS) Medal Criteria: Awarded annual to a LET 2 / 3 cadet for outstanding leadership, community/school involvement and academic achievement. Must demonstrate a high degree of military bearing both in and out of the military uniform. Daedalian JROTC Achievement Award Criteria: Awarded annually to a cadet demonstrating a high degree of patriotism, love of country, and service to our nation. Indicate the potential and desire to pursue a military career. The National Society, United States Daughters of 1812 Award Criteria: Awarded annually to a LET 3 or 4 cadet who has demonstrated the qualities of academic excellence, leadership, military discipline, dependability, patriotism and upright character in speech and habits, which exemplify the ideals upon which our Nation was founded. Special Forces Association Criteria: Awarded annually for scholastic excellence and military proficiency that is in keeping with the traditions and ideals of the U.S. Army Special Forces (Green Berets) Awarded: Springs awards ceremony COMPETITOR AWARDS: From time to time a school may award a competitor ribbon to those cadets participating in a competitive meet. Competitor ribbons maybe worn on the uniform beneath association awards. Those awarded more than one competitor ribbon may place those awards in precedence according to personal preference. FIESTA MEDALS: Fiesta medals are not authorized for wear on the cadet uniform. 73
SHOULDER CORDS: No more than one cord may be worn on each shoulder. If only one cord is worn it will be worn on the left shoulder. If two cords are worn, they will be worn in the following precedence from the wearer's left to right: National Honor Society (Gold) – Awarded to cadets elected to the National Honor Society. Honor Guard (Red) – Members of the honor guard are authorized to wear the red cord while actively participating* as a member of the honor guard. The red honor guard is reserved for those actively participating on the honor guard and will not be awarded on a permanent basis. Color guard (White) – Members of the color guard team are authorized to wear the white cord while actively participating* as a member of the team. Team members who perform at least five color guards are eligible for permanent award of the color guard shoulder cord. Physical fitness activity (Green) – Members of the physical fitness team are authorized to wear the green cord while actively participating* as a member of the team. Team members who participate in at least five competitions or actively participate for one year are eligible for permanent award of the physical fitness team cord. Marksmanship activity (Tan) – Members of the rifle team are authorized to wear the tan cord while actively participating* as a member of the team. Team members who participate in at least five competitions or actively participate for one year are eligible for permanent award of the rifle team cord. *Cadets who attend and participate in at least 75% of scheduled practices will be considered active participants. SPECIAL SHOULDER CORDS: Cadet of the Month (Gold & Green) – Cadets selected as the Cadet of the Month are authorized to wear the green and gold cord during the academic year of their selection. The cord will be worn on the left shoulder. Battalion Commander’s Cord (Double Gold Braid) – The cadet battalion commander will wear a double gold braided cord on the left shoulder. Command Sergeants Major Cord (Double Color and honor guard commanders may Bronze) - The cadet commander sergeant major will temporarily modify the wear precedence in wear the cord on the left shoulder. order to present a uniform appearance during public performances. Cords should be Commander’s Braid (Single Gold Braid) – Cadet returned to the established precedence after the company commanders will wear a single gold braid ceremony. on their left shoulder. First Sergeant’s Braid (Single Bronze Braid) – Cadet First Sergeants will wear a single bronze braid on the left shoulder. 74
ARC AWARDS. The following ARC awards are eligible for wear in the order of precedence. Battalion Staff – Awarded to cadets serving as members of the battalion staff Leadership – Awarded to cadet who successfully complete the battalion leadership camp Honor Guard – Awarded to honor guard members who successfully complete their third honor guard event. JCLC – Awarded to any cadet who receives a leadership award during JCLC Color Guard – Awarded to color guard team members who successfully complete their third color guard. Iron Man / Woman – Awarded annually to the male / female cadet who attains the highest score on the cadet challenge SPECIAL AWARDS Academic Achievement Wreath Cadets with at least a B average in all subjects and an A average in JROTC are authorized to wear the Academic Achievement Wreath. It will be worn only during the academic term following the term when the Cadet earned it. Marksmanship Qualification Badges Cadets meeting the qualifications standards specified in CCR 145-1 are eligible to wear the appropriate qualification badge. Only the latest badge earned will be worn. VARSITY LETTERS Members of the JROTC competitive color guard, physical fitness and marksmanship teams are eligible for award of varsity letters. To be eligible for award of a JROTC varsity letter, cadets must participate in at least five competitions as a member of the varsity squad. Alternates shall be considered members of the competition squad. Instructor sponsors will define eligible competitions. Cadets meeting eligibility criteria must submit a written request for award of varsity letter to their instructor sponsor. Request should provide dates of qualifying competition participated in. 75
APPENDIX I: MANDATORY KNOWLEDGE Cole High School Knowledge Q: Where and when was Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole born? A: Fort Sam Houston, 19 March 1915 Q: Why was Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole awarded the Medal of Honor? A: On June 11, 1944, he personally led a bayonet charge into heavy German resistance to secure a bridgehead at the Douve River, enabling the 101st Infantry Division to seize the French town of Carentan Q: Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole died where, when, how? A: Best, Netherlands; September 18, 1944; shot by a German sniper Q: Where is Lieutenant Colonel Robert G. Cole buried? A: American Cemetery; Margraten, Netherlands Q: When did Cole High School open? A: 1962 Q: When did AJROTC open at Cole High School? A: 1968 Q: Who is Cole’s principle? A: Dr. Isabelle Clayton Q: Who is the Superintendent of the Fort Sam Independent School District? A: Dr. Gary Bates Q: In whose honor is the JROTC building dedicated? A: Sergeant Major Rufus C. Pryor, Cole AI, 1990-2002 Army JROTC Knowledge Program Basics Q: What is the mission of the JROTC? A: To motivate young people to be better citizens 76
Q: What is the key to success in JROTC? A: Teamwork Q: What is teamwork? A: Teamwork is working together to complete an assigned task on time with good results Q: Define leadership. A: The ability to influence and direct others to accomplish an assigned mission Q: Which act of Congress created the JROTC program? A. The National Defense Act of 1916 Q: What motto is found on the Cole JROTC crest? A: “We learn to lead” Q: What are the 4 Winning Colors and what do they mean? A: Brown – Builder Blue – Relater Green – Planner Red – Adventurer Q: Name the titles and roles of Cougar Battalion Command & Staff roles: A: Bn CDR – Commander - Leads the corps of cadets Bn CSM – Command Sergeant Major - Discipline, flag detail Bn XO – Executive Officer- Manages and supervises staff Bn S-1 – Personnel Officer- Records and administration Bn S-2 – Security Officer - Arms room and automation Bn S-3 – Operation Officer – Plans, operations & training Bn S-4 – Logistics Officer - Uniforms & supply Bn S-5 – Public Affairs Officer - Media, website, yearbook Bn S6 – Volunteer Officer – Coordinates and manages volunteer activities Bn S8 – Resource Management - Student activity fund, fund raising Q: What are the seven Army values? A: Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, Personal Courage Q: When was the U.S. Army formed? A: The Continental Army was formed on 14 June 1775 77
Q: What is the highest military award for a member of the Armed Forces? A: The Congressional Medal of Honor Q: Name the Army JROTC Chain of Command A: Commander in Chief President Donald Trump Secretary of Defense The Honorable Mark Esper Secretary of the Army The Honorable Ryan McCarthy Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army General James McConville CG, TRADOC General Paul Funk CG, Cadet Command Major General John Evans Commander, 5th ROTC Brigade Colonel Mark Olsen Senior Army Instructor Colonel William LaChance Army Instructor MSG Kalvin Ross Cadet Battalion Commander C / LTC Camilia Castillo (CG – Commanding General) Drill & Ceremony Q: You fall-in at and start drill from what position? A: Attention Q: What position are you allowed to speak while in formation? A: Rest Q: All stationary commands are given from which position? A: Attention Q: What are the two parts of a drill command? A: The preparatory command and the command of execution 78
Q: What is the length of a step? Half- step? A: 30 inches / 15 inches Q: What regulation governs drill & ceremonies? A: TC 3-21.5 Drill and Ceremony Customs & Courtesies Q: When speaking to a superior officer, you should address them how? A: Sir or Ma’am; Rank & Last Name Q: When speaking to a superior officer you should stand at what position? A: Attention Q: When speaking to a sergeant, staff sergeant, sergeant first class or master sergeant, you should address them how? A: Sergeant & Last Name Q: When speaking to a first sergeant, you should address them how? A: First Sergeant & Last Name Q: When speaking to a sergeant major, you should address them how? A: Sergeant Major & Last Name Q: When speaking to a superior noncommissioned officer you should stand at what position? A: Parade Rest Q: What is the position of honor? A. The right side Uniform Basics Q: Can a male cadet wear an earring in uniform? A: No Q: What size earrings can female cadets wear? A: Small earrings, not to exceed ¼ in diameter 79
Q: How is the nameplate worn on the uniform? A: Male cadets, the nameplate is worn centered left to right on the flap of the right breast pocket, and centered between the top of the button and the top of the pocket A: Female cadets, the nameplate is worn 1 to 2 inches above the top button of the coat and centered horizontally on the wearer’s right side For females, put it 1 to 2 inches above the top button centered horizontally on the right side of the coat Q: What regulation covers the wear of the cadet uniform? A: AR 670-1 and CCR 145-2 Q: What insignia do cadet officers wear on the beret? A: Grade or rank insignia Q: What insignia do enlisted cadets wear on the beret? A: ROTC insignia Q: Can sunglasses be worn while in formation? A: No Q: A cadet’s hair must be ______________ A: Neat groomed and conservative. The length and bulk of hair will not be excessive or present a ragged, unkempt, or extreme appearance Q: If dyes, tints, or bleaches are used, colors used must be ______________and not present an extreme appearance A: Natural to human hair Q: May male cadets have a mustache? A: Yes, the mustache will be neatly trimmed and will not extend pass the corners of the mouth Q: If used, what type and where should female hair holding ornaments (barrettes, pins, clips) be placed? A: They must be transparent or similar in color to hair, and will be inconspicuously placed Q: Regardless of gender, hair will not fall over the __________ or extend below the ____________ A: Eyebrows, bottom edge of the collar: Q: Is the wear of fingernail polish authorized while in uniform? A: Females may wear polish that is not exaggerated, faddish, or of extreme coloring (such as purple, gold, blue or white) while in uniform 80
Citizenship Knowledge Q: What are the five principle rights established by the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution? A: Freedom of Speech Freedom of Press Freedom of Religion The right to petition the government, and the right to assemble peacefully. Q: The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? A: We the People Q: How many amendments does the Constitution have? A: Twenty-seven (27) Q: What is the Supreme Law of the Land? A: The U.S. Constitution Q: What are the three branches of the government? A: Executive, Judicial, Legislative Q: What type of government is the U.S. government? A: Federal Republic Q: What branch of government makes the laws? A: Legislative Q: What branch of government enforces the laws? A: Executive Q: What branch of government interprets the laws? A: Judicial Q: Giving each branch of government some degree of oversight of the other branches is known as ________. A: Checks and balances 81
Q: Who signs legislative actions into law? A: The President Q: If the president disapproves a legislative action, it is known as a _______. A: Veto Q: What fraction of Congress does it take to override a presidential veto? A: Two-thirds (2/3) Q: When state and national law conflict, what law supreme? A: National law Q: What are the names of the two chambers of the U.S. Congress? A: The Senate and The House of Representatives Q: How many U.S. Senators are there? A: One hundred (100) (Two per state) Q: We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? A: Six (6) Q: The House of Representatives has how many voting members? A: Four hundred thirty-five (435) Q: We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? A: Two (2) Q: We elect a President for how many years? A: Four (4) Q: According to the constitution, who elects the President of the United States? A: The Electoral College Q: What is the minimum age required to become the president or vice-president? A: Thirty-five (35) Q: What is the minimum age required to become a U.S. Senator? A: Thirty (30) Q: What is the minimum age required to become a U.S. congressional representative? A: Twenty-five (25) 82
Q: A president can serve no more than ______ terms in office. A: Two (2); Eight (8) years in total Q: If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? A: The Speaker of the House Q: How many justices are on the Supreme Court? A: Nine (9) Q: How many years can a Supreme Court justice serve? A: Lifetime appointment Q: Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? A: Thomas Jefferson Q: What was the date on which the Declaration of Independence signed? A: 4 July 1776 Q: What is the Bill of Rights? A: The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution Q: Who wrote the National Anthem of the United States and what is its title? A: Francis Scott Key, The Star-Spangled Banner Q: How many red and white stripes does the U.S. flag have? A: 7 red stripes and 6 white stripes, 13 stripes total Q: What do the colors of the flag mean? A: Red - hardiness and valor White – purity and innocence Blue - vigilance, perseverance and justice Q: What does the flag positioned at half-staff mean? A: Sign of mourning 83
Land Navigation Q: What are the five colors used on a military map and what do they mean? A: Red – Populated areas, roads Blue – Water Green – vegetation Brown – contour lines, elevation and relief Black – man- made objects Q: What is the rule for reading a set of coordinates? A: read to the right, and then up Q: What are the five terrain features shown on a map? A: hill, saddle, valley, ridge, and depression First Aid & Health Q: List the four life-saving steps in the correct order. A: Stop the bleeding Open the airway, restore breathing and heartbeat Control and treat for shock Dress and bandage the wounds Q: What does CPR stand for? A: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Q: What is the Heimlich Maneuver used for? A: To clear a blocked airway Q: What are the five food groups? A: Fruits, vegetables, grains, protein foods & dairy Q: What is the best way to avoid heat injury? A: Good hydration, healthy diet, limit heat exposure 84
APPENDIX J: ACCREDITATION VISIT: IN-RANKS QUESTIONS 1. Q. What does ACSU stand for? A. Army Cadet Service Uniform. 2. Q: What type of shirt is worn under the Army Cadet Service Uniform Coat? A: Gray long sleeve or short sleeve shirt. 3. Q: The black necktie/neck tab is optional when wearing what type of uniform? A: Class B uniform with short sleeves. 4. Q: What color t-shirt is worn with the Army Cadet Service Uniform? A: White. 5. Q: What uniform is worn during ceremonies and social functions? A: The Class A or B uniform or ACSU. 6. Q: What uniform is worn at summer camps and for participation on special teams? A: ACUs. 7. Q: What insignia do cadet officers wear on the gray beret? A: Grade or rank insignia. 8. Q: What insignia do enlisted cadets wear on the gray beret? A: ROTC insignia. 9. Q: What color t-shirt is worn with the ACU uniform? A: Tan or Sand 10. Q: How is the grade (or ROTC) insignia worn on the gray beret? A: Centered on the flash. 11. Q: How are ribbons positioned on the class A uniform? A: Ribbons are centered on the left side 1/8 of an inch above the left pocket for males. For females, parallel to the nametag which is between 1 and 2 inches above the top button. 85
12. Q: Describe a rank? A: Cadet describes a certain rank asked by the inspector. 13. Q: How often must a uniform be worn by cadets? A: At least once per week. 14. Q: Can a male cadet wear an earring in uniform? A: NO. 15. Q: What size/color earrings can female cadets wear? A: Small silver, gold or white spherical earrings not to exceed 1/4 inch in diameter. 16. Q: How is the nameplate worn on your uniform? A: Center the nameplate on the right pocket between the top of pocket and the top of the button for males. (Females: 1 to 2 inches above the top button centered horizontally on the right side of the coat. In a comparable position on the shirt.). 17. Q: What regulation covers the wear of the uniform? A: AR 670-1 and CCR 145-2. 18. Q: Are shoulder boards authorized for wear with the class B uniform? A: Yes 19. Q: What does ACU stand for? A: Army Combat Uniform. 20. Q: What color socks are worn with the Army Cadet Service Uniform? A: Black socks. 86
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