SIKKIM DRAFT EIGHT FIVE YEAR DISTRICT PLAN 1990-95_merged

2. COMMERCIAL CROPS a) Oilseeds Major Oilseeds '000 0.80 0.60 Rape Seed 0.80 0.60 and Mustard Tonnes 0.50 0.90 Total 0.03 0.50 0.02 1.10 ii) Others \" Soyabean ^ 0.95 Sunflower \" 1.75 Other oilseeds \" Total (ii) Total Oilseeds (a) b) Other Commercial Crops Large Caramum '000 1.70 1.30 Tonnes 10.45 7.55 Potato 0.50 0.80 0.33 Ginger 0.53 0.01 9.68 Other tuber & 13.49 rhizomatic crops Minor Commercial Crops \" Total Other Commercial Crops (b) Total 15.24 10.78 Commercial Crops (2) 103

12 3 45 3. MAJOR H0RTICUL7U RAL CROPS a) Fruits '000 2.50 2.10 Tonnes 1.30 0.64 Citrus 3.60 2.74 Other Fruits II 4.00 3.10 Total Fruits (a) M 7.80 5.84 n b) Vegetables 1.50 1 2.50 Total Major 0.20 0.50 Horticultural Crops (3) c) Flowers i) Cut Flowers. ii) Planting Materials 4. - IMPROVED SEEDS a) Production of Seeds '000 0.030 0.025 i) Cereals Tonnes 0.004 0.003 ii) 0.007 0.004 iii) Pulses 0.600 0.450 iv) 0.023 v) Oilseeds , n 0.040 0.003 i vi) 0.006 0.002 vii) Potato ti 0.003 II 0.510 Ginger 0.690 Vegetables n Others 1) Total Seed If Production (a) 104

b) Distribution of Seeds 0 '000 ii) Cereals Torines 0.10 0.08 iii) 0.01 0.01 iv) Pulses 0.01 0.01 v) Oilseeds 0.31 0.20 vi) Potato 0.02 0.01 vii) 0.01 0.01 Ginger 0.01 0.01 Vegetables 0.47 0.33 Others 0.45 0.30 Total seed 0.23 0.15 0.08 0.06 distribution (b) 0.76 0.51 5. Chemical Fertilizers a) Nitrogenous (N) b) Phosphatic (P) c) Potassic (K) Total (N+P+K) 6. Plant Protection 0.007 0.006 12.60 10.80 a) Pesticide consumption i (Technical Gr. Material) b) Area coverage Area under distribution of a) F ertilizers •ODG 11.40 7.65 Ha. 5.60 4,80 b) Pesticides 105

High Yielding Varieties 2.25 2.00 1.45 1.33 a) Rice '000 3.15 2.65 3.13 2.63 Total Area cropped ha. 5.15 5.00 Area under HYV \" 3.2B 3.03 10.55 9.65 c'. 7.B7 6.99 b) Wheat Total Area cropped \" Area under HYV \" c) Maize Total Area cropped \" Area under HYV \" Total Area under If above cereals Total area under.HYV. of above cereals \" 9. Dryland/Rainfed Farming a) Development of Selected microwatersheds (cumulative) i) No. of microw atersheds Nos. 5 1 ii) Area covered '000 5.00 1..00 ha. 0.50 0.10 under micro- watershed 5 iii) Land development fl - , iv) Water harvesting/ Storage Structures No. 1 106 iiiiMWiihl

b) Area covered outside the selected watersheds by '000 3.75 3.75 dryland/rainfed ha. farming practices 1500 400 0.25 0.05 c) Adoption of . \"o;|- 0.12 0.07 rainfed/dryland farming practices 15.80 15.25 in and outside the \\ 0.30 \\ selected - 1.50 watersheds - Seed-cum-ferti- ■ \"-i' T' '..'.Ty,'' lizer drill , .■it distribution No. ii) Distribution of ivl..' . . - other improved agricultural tools & No. implements iii) Chemical ferti •000 '■ !• ' lizer distri Tonnes s■ bution iv) Improved Seed distribution 10. CROPPED AREAS '000 ha. 1 a) Net II 1 b) Gross 1 STORAGE 11. a) Owned capacitity with the State Govt. '000 . .. ■■ ha. (Cumulative) b) Cold No. Storage \\ 107

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DISTRICT :NORTH PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAYS (Rs, in lakhs) S.No. Name of the Scheme/ Eighth Plan Of which Annual Plan Of whih Project (1990-95) Proposed Capital (1990-91) Capital Outlay Proposed Content T arget Content 12 34 5 6 1. Research & Education 24.00 3.00 4.40 - 9.00 1.80 2.70 1. AgTiculture Research 0.90 2. Agriculture Education 33.00 6.80 7.10 0.90 Total (1) II. Crop Husbandry 1. Direction & Administration 4.30 - 0.70 - 2. 40.00 6.30 - Multiplication & 32.00 3.00 9.80 3. 67.30 27.20 17.10 3.40 4, Distribution of Seeds 3. 30.00 1.80 3.25 - Agricultural Earms 3.00 6. 23.0p 3.30 13.00 - 7. Manures & Eertilizers 3.00 3.00 . 8. 73.00 » 3.30 1.30 > 13.00 f.sd 0.30 9. High Yielding Varieties 10.00 - 2.30 > 10. Programme 13.00 11. 12.30 > 4.00 a 1.30 Plant Protection 31.00 ■? 12. 2.30 _ Commercial Crops - 6.00 13. 0.30 Extension & Earmer's 3.00 1.80 - Training 9.00 - 76.73 - Agricultural Economics & 382.30 59.00 - Statistics 9.40 Agriculture Engineering Small & Marginal Earmer's Programme Horticulture & Vegetable Crops Dryland Development Total (II) 108

ill. Storage & 11.23 11.23 2.23 2.23 Warehousing 24.93 8.23 3.30 1.23 IV. Agriculture 91.40 13.80 Marketing & 431.70 83.30 Quality Control Total (I + II + III + IV) 109

Animal Husbandly & Veterinaiy Services. 2.1 North Sikkim has about 31.^% area the Sikkim Livestock Development Corporation and the Department of Animal Husbandry under permanent pasture. The famous grazing and Veterinary Services has organised ten grounds of Lhonak, Donkung and Chollhamu milk collection centres. The North Sikkim are the home lands of the Tibetan breed has not been covered by the operation Flood of sheep, Pashmina type of goat locally known as \"Chengra\" and the yaks. Sheep Programrhe. rearing was an important traditional subsidiary occupation amongst the Lachen and Lachung 2.2 The objectives to be achieved during tribes when the northern border was open the 8th Five Year Plan basically involve to trade. Flocks from Tibet used to migrate substantial increase in the production of to Sikkim in summer and the flocks from all livestock products such as milk, eggs, meat and wool, so that there is a marked Sikkim would move to Tibet during winter. improvement in the per-capita consumption of meat, egg and milk in the State is substan However, with the closure of the border, tially lower than the all India average and the number of sheep population decreased needs specific attention. The methodologies dramatically and now the population is increa to be adopted include scientific methods sing slowly with the scientific measures of breeding, introduction of superior breeds of poultry and livestock; genetic upgradation, undertaken by the department. In the lower improvement in the coverage of animal areas of North Sikkim, cattle and its jersey health and increased availability of food cross breeds, pigs, goats and poultry are commonly reared by the tribal families. and fodder. Apart from Agriculture, Animal Husbandry activities are an important source of income 2.3 Extensive assistance would be given to the people of North District. Aproximately, to the unemployed literate youth and the 8% of the State population live in North rural community in improving gainful employ District and they have approximately 8% ment through livestock farming. Scientific methods of breeding, introduction of superior of the cattle population of the state and strains of poultry and livestock, implementa tion of programmes for genetic upgradation therefore activities relating to Anirr^al Husban would continue to receive the primary attention. dry sector assume very great, importance for the people inhabiting the area. As per 2.4 Since North District falls under 13 quinquennial livestock census 1982, the tribal area the schedule tribe farmers would north district had 13,300 heads of cattle be given maximum attention by providing superior livestock, training balance feed 127 buffaloes, 2061 yaks, 1319'f sheep and and latest technology to enhance their income. 5oats. There are also 799 horses and ponnies The emphasis would be widened from cattle and 3869 pigs. Since the formation of the and animal health to pasture development, piggery, rabbit and yak farming and poultry. department in 1974, a number of livestock The Dairy Development operation would development schemes namely animal health, continue to receive priorities and the existing scientific method of breeding, feeding and milk collection centres would be strengthened by providing one chilling centre at Mangan. management, introduction of superior varieties of cattle, sheep, goats and pigs have been One slaughter house would be constructed taken up. Under the Veterinary Health coverage at Mangan to provide wholesome and hygenic scherrie, two Hospitals, four dispensaries meat to the consumers. and seven stockmen centres have been esta blished in the north tribal area. One cattle demonstration farm at Rabum and onepiggery farm at Bob has been established. A Cheese Plant has been commissioned recently by 110

2.5 The programme to be implemented 2*8 As regards sheep, wool and goat during the 8th Plan in the North District would include extension and training, veterinary development, though there is tremendous services and Animal Health, Cattle develop scope but due to non-availability of rams ment, poultry development Sheep, Wool the programme so far implemented has and Goat development, piggery development, not made much impact. During the 8th Plan, other livestock development, dairy develop ment and a programme for feed and fodder it is proposed to retain only one sheep and development. wool extension centre at Lachen and the other two will be closed down. A rabbit 2.6 Extension and training would concen breeding farm for fur and wool will be taken trate not only on departmental personnel but also training of farmers, field workers up with a farm size of 50 Angora rabbits. with specific attention to disease control As regards goat farming, only 20 upgraded .and processing of livestock products. Periodical' Cali-rallies, farmer's field day, livestock bucks will be distributed. exhibition and screening of Hlms would be organised to educate and encourage the 2.9 In the fields of Piggery development, farmers. In the area of veterinary services and Animal health the existing hospitals ■it is proposed to increase the number of- and dispensaries will be strengthened and one more dispensary and 3 more stockmen the sows to 100 in the existing farm at centres will be opened. Bob-Chungthang. Further, one pig demonstra 2.7 As regards cattle development, tion unit of 20 ■ sows will be established the programme will continue to emphasise in Dzongu area. on upgradation of stock by cross breeding technologies and opening of more A1 centres. 2.10 Feed and fodder programme will As regards poultry development, poultry be carried forward by propagating high yield demonstration units, chick rearing centres, ing new variety of fpoder. Community sheds periodical vaccination of the birds, and and two feed, fodder and medicine godown arrangement of marketing have been proposed. at Lhonak and Chollamu are proposed. Further Further, bankabale poultry farming schemes Temporate grass and Leguma seed production farm at Zoma and Rabum will be streng will also be promoted in association with thened. The reseeding of grazing grounds of Lhonak and Chollamu will be taken up. the Banks. 2.11 During the 8th Plan, a programme of insurance of livestock and poultry' as also setting up of a modern mini slaughter house at Mangan will also be taken up. The financial and physical targets are detailed in Annexure 1 3: ]I. 111

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY A; VETY. SERVICES Annexure - I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS A ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT:NORTH SlJMo. Scheme Unit Target for 1990-95 Target for 1990-91 1- Animal Health & Vety. Services; Nos. 1 1 / 2. Nos. 3 a20 3, Establishment ot Hospitals Nos. 1.50 It. Vety Dispenary 1,500 5. Nos.(in lakhs) 7,000 6. Stockman Centres Cases to be treated Nos. 7. Castration II. Nos.(in lakhs) 1.00 0.20 1. Vaclnation against Anthrax, 1000 2„ Nos.- 5,000 3.: H.S. Swine fever & Foot &' 4. Mouth disease. 'Nos. 0.20 0.04 5. 4500 900 6. Destruction of stray dogs. Nos.(in lakhs) 3000 600 111. 33 7 Cattle Development Nos. 500 100 1. Nos. No. of at/Centres Nos. 1- 2. Nos. 0.07 3. Artificial Insemination Production of crossbred female Nos.- 1 4. Natural Services. 0.34 IV. Replacement of breeding- bulls Nos.(in lakhs) ,1. Distribution of cows 2. Nos. Poultry Development: Nos. Establishment of Dairy old chick Nos. 150 20 rearing Centres. Nos. 100 contd...2 112 Pu.let Production At farmers level Bank loan (1000 layers Broilers) Quail Centre. Piggery Development: Breeding boar distributior Establishment of bankable projects.

SI.No. Scheme U nit Target for 1990-95 Annexure - I Contd. 3. Target for 1990-91 V. 1. Piglets Production Nos. 2000 400 2. Feed & Fooder Developmentj 3. Total grazing grounds dev. Meet. 100 20 4. Nos. 100 10 5. Distributioin of chaff cutter Lakhs. 20 5 VI. M.T. 20 5 1. Distribution of fodder plants. M.Ton. 50 10 VII. 1. Distribution of fodder seeds. Nos. 500 125 2. Distribution of Livestock feed. 50 10 3. Nos. 20 4 .4, Sheep Wool & Goat Development Nos. 20 4 5. Nos. 20 4 6. Establishment of Rabbit farms. Nos. 20 4 7. Nos. 50 10 Extension & Training ; Nos. 20 4 VIII. Imparting farmer training Nos. 1. Stockmen Training Nos. 20 12 IX. contd...3 1. Calf Rallies Nos. X. Exhibition. 1. Nos. XI. Farmers field day. 1. Nos. Livestock Show. Nos. Stockman Training in A.l. Screeing of films. Investigation & Statistics: Livestock Production & Survey. Meat Processing & Slaughter House Construction of modern slaughter house. Otlier Livestock Development: Equine breeding farm. Dairy Development F*rogramme : Milk Collection Centre 113

5l.No. Scheme U nit Annexure - I Conld. Target for 1990-95 Target tor 1990-91 Xil. Veterlrwry Reae«ch ; in lakhs 0.40 0.10 1. Broiler Production in lak^s. 2. F.M.D. Vaccination 3. No. Disease Investigation Wing Annexure - II DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & VETY. SERVICES PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAYS DISTRICT : NORTH SIJ^o. Name of the Scheme/Project Eight Plan Of which capital Annual Plan Of which capital 1990-91 1990-95 Content Content 009. Extension & Training 10.00 - 1.50 - - a30 001. Direction & Administration 2.00 3.60 ■- 101. 24.00 7.00 4.35 Vety. Services & Animal Health 12.00 2.40 2.00 • 10.00 2.55 2.00 102. Cattle & Buffalo Development 29.00 5.10 2.00 - 3.75 103.. Poultry Development 16.00 7.50 - 104. Sheep & Wool Development 17.00 10.00 0.60 105. Piggery Development 34.00 2.00 0.75 1.00 106. Other Livestock & Poultry 25.00 0.30 1.00 107. Feed & Fodder Development. 50.00 - Insurance of Livestock & Poultry - 32.70 - 108. 4.00 - 5.00 Ill Meat Processing 5.00 1.00 - 113. Administrative/lnv. & Statistics. 2.00 - 46.00 195. Assstance to AJH. Cooperatives 1.00 190. Investigation in Public Sector & I Other Undertaking. ■ Other Expenditure (Vety. Research 800. Total 218.00 9.00 ^J9airy Development 101-240400 001 ' Direction & Administration 102 Dairy Dev. Projection(North Dairy Project) 25.00 3.75 1.00 191 Assistance of Milk Union

J- -i;-- Forests 3.1 Approximately 20.65% of the area Further, a forest resources survey was also of the district is under forest. The area completed. under khasmal and Gorucharan is only 121 3.3. During the 8th Plan, the plantation sq.km. In this district though human popula will be undertaken in the high altitude areas tion is less, the cattle population is quite in the Phodong Range which are lying degraded high. The cattle grazing in the forest area is quite substantial and has a deleterious for considerable period to avoid environmental impact on the green cover. Grazing in fact problems in future. As fodder and firewood jeopardises new afforestation programmes as well. Further, as most of the part of will continue to be in great demand by thd the district are situated in high altitude, the per-capita requirement of firewood is local people in the rural area, extensive plantations of fodder and fuel wood trees very high. It is important to combat all these factors so that the green cover is will be undertaken in the Khasmal, Gorucharan not only preserved but also expanded. and other degraded forest land. The preventive 3.2 During 7th Plan period, approximately measures will be undertaken to protect the forests from fire and illicit felling of 1697 hectares of area was covered under trees. To detect the encroachment and to various afforesation programmes. Administra demarcate and settle the boundaries between tive strengthening in terms of opening a new territorial sub-division at Chungthang the reserve forest and private lands, it and a social forestry sub-division to look is proposed to survey and demarcate the after the work of the district were completed. Reserve boundaries in the district. The progra mme to be implemented with corresponding financial provisions are indicated in the Annexure 1 & II. I 115

DEPARTMENT OF FOREST Annexure - I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS & ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT : NORTH SI.NO. item Unit Proposed Proposed Target for target for Eightti five 1990-91 year plan 1990-95 a) Plantation of guick Hac 500 80 Mi i b) growing species Hac. 1500 180 c) Hac. 1600 280 .11 d) Economic & Commercial Plants Nos.(laktis) 108.00 16.20 i') Nos. (lakhs) ii) Social Forestry (Cum) i) Afforestation: (Cum) ii) Including plantations under various CSS etc. Trees planted Trees survived '^Productions of some selected Forest product. Timber F uelwood District wise target for 7th plan were not fixed. 116

DEPARTMENT OF FOREST Annexure - II PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAYS DISTRICT : NORTH SI. NO. Name of the schemes/Project. Proposed outlay Of which Proposed for Eighth plan Of which capital 1 capital Annual Plan 1990-95 1990-91 content content. outlay 6 2 34 5 - 1. Demarcation survey of settlement 37.50 .- 7.50 2. Buildings 34.00 5.00 5.00 3. Greening of Ecologically 75.00 34.00 75.00 _1 9.60 - fragile areas 10.00 4. Rural fuelwood programmes _ - -■ 5. Area oriented fuelwood/fodder - 5.00 - , - projects (C.S.S.) 1.20 6. Establishment of silvipastoral 4.00 ' - - 90.00 .0.80 farms (C.5.S.) 7. Aesthetic forestry 9.00 a. Avenue plantations Regeneration of coniferous forests 117

Land Use & Environment ^.1 Tile basic programmes of Soil Conser problems. Necessary co-ordination between vation are concentrated on preventing soil instability and combating soil erosion. Preven forest department, soil conservation. Agricul tion of excessive soil run off, treatment of catchment areas and prevention of land ture Department etc. will be achieved. slides are all part of the programme under During the 8th Plan period, it is proposed this sector. The North District has been to undertake survey and investigation in receiving attention in respect of these acti an area approximately of 18'f5 hectares. vities with measures being taken in identified As regards soil conservation in watershed watersheds. In this district, k watersheds area 2000 hectares of new afforestation will be undertaken and 3500 hectares of have been identified and the intention is already planted areas will be maintained. to saturate these watersheds during the Besides maintenance and creation of nurseries, 8th Plan, with programme of afforestation, protective measures, terracing, etc. so that fencing, pasture development and protection they do not suffer from any soil instability work will also be taken .up. The fiscal and financial details are given in Annexure I & II. 118

Annexure - 1 DEPARTMENT OF FOREST SCfflL AND WATER CONSERVATION LAND USE & ENVIRONMENT CELL DISTRICT : NORTH SI.No. Item Unit Proposed (in Hectares) Target for Proposed '■ Eighth five Target for year plan 1990-91 1990-95 12 '3 4 5 / 2402 Soil and Water CorBervation □01 Direction and Administration 1845 255 101 3516.25 700 4 Soil Survey and Testing 102 Survey and Investigation 125 18 4 103 Soil Conservation ' 5 Soil Conservation in Watershed areas 000 3 Land Reclamation and Development Development of Perennial Water Sources Other Expenditure Training 5486.25 ha 973 ha. + 37.3 km (fencing) + 7 km. (fencing) 119 !

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LAND USE i ENVIRONMENT (FOREST) Annexure - II PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAYS DISTRICT : NORTH (Rs. in lakhs) Sl.No. Name of the Scheme/Project Proposed outlay Of which Proposed Of which , for eighth plan capital Annual Plan Capital 1990-95 content 1990-91 content outlay. 12 34 56 2402 Soil and Water Conservation . 001 Direction 4 Administration 5.00 _ 0.66 _ 101 Soil Survey and Testing 4 Survey and Investigation (LU4E) 12.90 - 1.80 - 102 Soil Conservation 4 Soil Conservation in Watershed areas 237.00 - 39.50 - 103 Land Reclamation and Development 5 Development of perennial water source 10.00 - 1.50 - 800 Other expenditure 3 T raining - - 264.90 - 43.46 -

Rural Development 5.1 Rural Development covers a wide roads in the north district with an outlay area of activity which includes provision of Rs. 20 lakhs. As regards rural sanitation, of rural water supply, construction of rural roads and bridges, rural sanitation as well it is proposed to construct 900 household as implementation of IRDP schemes. The latrines, 9 institutional sanitary latrines, IRDP scheme is basically beneficiary oriented. 6 bathing cubicles and 900 soaking pits with an outlay of Rs. 16.20 lakhs. Panchayati 5.2 A considerable amount of work Raj intitutions will be strengthened and entrusted with planning and development in all these areas has been completed during responsibilities. During the 8th Plan, consi the 7th Plan period and in the entire State derable devolution both at the district and almost all of the villages would have been village level is expected to be effected covered by water supply scheme either and in order to provide necessary financial resources, provision of plan funds is envisaged full or partially. During the 8th Plan, it both to the Gram Panchayat and to the is proposed to fully cover all the partially Zilla Panchayats. In the north district, there covered villages as also take up augmentation are 19 number of Panchayats and it is proposed schemes wherever required. During the 8th to provide Rs. 1 lakh per Gram Panchayat Plan, 11 villages in the north district will per year and Rs. 5.00 lakhs per Zilla Panchayat per year. Besides, training and holding of be converted from partially covered to fully Panchayat Sammelan is also planned. covered villages with an outlay of Rs.52 5.if The development of new and renewable lakhs. Similarly, 4 villages will be taken sources of energy is a major programme up for augmentation with an outlay of Rs.56 under the sector. The programme basically lakhs. involvesestablishment of bio-gas plant,improved chullah. Solar energy and provision of fuel 5.3 As regards rural roads and foot wood plantation. The physical targets and bridges, it is proposed to take up 7 foot bridges, 30 RCC bridges and 1^2, steel bridges financial provisions for the North district during the 8th Plan period with an outlay of Rs.137 lakhs. The road sectors covers are indicated in the annexures I & II. both construction of foot paths and jeepable roads. It is proposed to take up 80 km. of village roads and 2 km. of jeepabale 121

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT Annexure-I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS A ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT : NORTH SI. ITEfvl Unit Eighth Plan No. (1990-95) Annual Plan Proposed Target (1990-91) Proposed Target 1. a) Direction 4 Administration - - -- b) c) Residential Building No. of villages 4 2 No. of villages 4 2. Notv Residential Building 1 Nos. SFB 7 3. Rural Water SuF>ply villages for Km. RCC 30 2 partially/fully covered Steel 48 5 a) Augmentation 8 Rural Water Supply Scheme V/R 80 12 Rural Roads 4 Foot Bridges J/R 2 Nil Bridges b) Roads - t 4. Rural Sanitation Nos. 900 150 Nos. 9 2 a) House hold sanitary latrines Nos. 6 1 b) Institutional sanitary latrines Nos. c) Bathing Cubicles 900 150 d) Soakage pits 10 ' 5. NRSE/IREP Biogas i Nos. 50 - a) Nos. 40 b) Biomass Nos. 4000 1000 c) Improved Chullas 122 nUfftiftri

DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT Annexure-ll PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY (Rs. in Lakhs) DISTRICT ; NORTH SI. Name of Project/Scheme Eighth Plan Of which Annual Plan Of which No. (1990-95) Proposed Capital (1990-91) Capital (1) (2) Outlay Proposed Content Outlay Content , Direction 4 Administration (3) Residential Building (A) (5) (6) 1. a) Nor>-Residential Building 4.00 _ a50 3.75 b) 12.50 3.75 2.50 12.50 2.50 c) 6.25 6.25 — 2. Rural Water Supply 52.00 - 33.00 28.00 56.00 _ 25.00 1.50 a) Partially covered/fully covered villages Augmentation - b) - Rural Water Supply scheme - 3. Rural Roads 4 foot bridges 137.00 137.00 28.00 • Bridges 20.00 20.00 1.50 a) - b) Roads 4. Rural Sanitation 12.60 _ 2.10 a90 - a20 a) House hold sanitary latrines 2.10 - a30 b) Institutional sanitary latrines 0.60 - 0.10 c) Bathing cubicles d) Soakage pits 1 - 0.50 -- 5. NRSE/IREP ' 2.50 - a) b) Biogas .' 1.30 1.00 c) 5.50 30.75 Biomass ^\\ 6. a) 153.75 5.00 b) Improved Chullas 25.00 1.62 c) 10.00 d) Gram Panchayat Zilla Panchayat e) Training 4 Sammelans Construction of Zilla Panchayat Bhavan completion of spill oyer works State Institute of Rural Development 123

1 Education 6.1 The role of education in the overall II. Enrolment Enrolment progress of the society, and its impact on Boys Girls Total all facets of life has been well recognised Pre-primary in the State. The North district has fully 778 727 1303 participated in the efforts of the state to Class 1 - V 2137 1766 3903 bring about adequate spread of educational Class Vl-VIII facilities and- improve the literacy standards. Class IX-X 448 493 943 Class XI-XII 161 103 264 The major programmes propose^ 37 08 43 to be implemented for the development of Education in the north district are as under 1.0 Extension of pre-school education Total 3561 3099 6660 facilities. 2.0 Opening of lower primary schools. Upgradation of lower primary schools 2.1 III. Teachers to primary schools. Category 3.0 Upgradation of ^primary- school No. of Teach^ to junior high schools. Post Graduate Teachers 07 Expansion, consolidation and streng ^.0 1. thening of District Education Offices. 2. Trained Graduate Teachers 3.0 Establishment of Sub-divisional General Primary Teachers 323 Education Offices. 3. 6.0 Consolidation of physical facilities 4. Limboo Language Teachers 13 in existing schools. 1 Lepcha Language Teachers Bhutia Language Teachers 38 7.0 Purchase of text books. 3. 61 School Mothers 8.0 Non-formal education. 6. 9.0 Work experience. 7. Education Profile (North District) Totcil 663 - 1989 Number IV. Teachers Pupil Ratio 1 : 10 Institution 1. Pre-primary School 61 2. Lower Primary School 27 6.3 Literacy Scenario 3. Primary School 2¥ k. Ounior High School According to 1981 census, the North 5. Secondary School 14 6. Senior Secondary School (Mangan) District had a literacy rate of 5 01 29.74 considering the population of children in the age-group 0-4 as illiterate. When Total 132 the child population of this age-group is excluded the effective literacy rate was brought to 34.93 as against the State Literacy rate of 39.38. The literacy rates of males 124

1 as detailed below : Achieve Proposed1 Target and females were 46.14 and 20.17 respectively S. stage ments as against the State Literacv rate of '>0.49 of males and 26.17 of females. During 1990, No. (1990-91) (94-95) (90-91) the end of the 7th Plan, the anticipated literacy rate of the District is estimated 1. Pre-Primary Stage 772 1200 1100 at as given under column '8' in the table Boys 576 1000 700 given below. The target of literacy rate 1348 2200- Girls 1800 proposed to be achieved by 1993 is given Total under column '10'. The projection of literacy rate has been done on the basis of general 2. Primary Stage literacy rate including the child population Boys in the age-group 0-4. Girls Total Literacy Rate 2021 2800 2500 3. Junior Higti 1599 2400 2000 (Middle) Stage. 3620 5200 4500 Boys s. Per State '81 District '81 1990 1995 No. sons Girls Gen Effe Gen Effe- Sta-Dis- Sta Dis Total 418 800 500 375 600 400 eral ctive eral ective te tri- te tri s 793 1400 900 ct ct 12 3 45 6 9 10 1. Per 34.05 39.50 29.74 34.95 35 41 65 60 6.5 Abstract of proposed Scfiemes witti Total Outlays and 43.95 50.49 39.97 Capital Content sons - 2. Males 46.14 65 55 75 70 3. Females 22.20 26.17 16.70 20.17 35 2C6D 45 40 NORTH district\" S. Sctimes (Fts. in lakhs) No. Proposed Outlays for 12 As the literacy rate throughout 90-95 Of which 90-91 Of which the State cannot be uniform, there is a 1. Provision of Pre- lot of imbalances disparities from area to area, Capital Capital pocket to pocket and between urban and Primary Centres rural, male and female and among different 34 56 communities. Therefore, concerted efforts 2. Provision of would be made to identify the low literacy 51.00 28.50 5.20 3.00 Primary Schools segments and to uplift it to the extent 75.0C 25.00 15.00 3.50 possible by providing educational and physical 3. Provision of Assistance to Non- 8.00 1.60 facilities. Govt. Primary & Monastic Schools 100.00 30.00 15.00 4.50 6.4 Achievements and Targets of Enrolment including special education The achievements as regards enrol ment at the pre-primary, primary and junior 4. Provision of high (middle) school stages during 1989-90 Junior High Schools and projected enrolment targets proposed to be achieved by 1994-93 and.1990-91 are 125

1 the new one will be consolidated with essential 5. Purchase & Publication physical facilities i.e. furniture, teaching- learning materials, library books, toys and of Textbooks 14:00 4.00 play equipments. As most of pre-primary 0.40 classes are being run in unsatisfactory acco- 6. Non-formal Education 5.00 0.80 modation, it is proposed to construct 38 7. Work Experience 2.00 classrooms of the size of 30'x20' at the Sub-Total 235.00 85.50 42.00 11.00 cost of Rs. 75,000 per class room. The total Upgradation of 107.00 22.00 25.00 5.00 requirements of funds for the establishment of school mothers, provision of physical standard of adminis facilities and construction of class rooms tration including Rs. 51 lakhs would be needed.Outlay earmarked establishment of for the 1990-91 annual plan is Rs.5.20 lakhs Sub-Divisional including Rs. 3.00 lakhs for capital. Education Office Scheme No. 2: Primary Education (Schools) 9. Clearance of backlog of physical There are 51 primary schools including 27 lower primary schools in the District facilities 269.00 269.00 35.00 55.00 in which l'f03 children are enrolled at the Sub-total 376.00 291.00 80.00 60.00 primary stage excluding the children enrolled Total 63'1.00 376.50 122.00 71.00 in primary section of junior high schools and secondary and senior secondary schools. 6.6 Physical and Financial targets of the In the 8th Plan, it is proposed to open 2 first seven schemes have been projected lower primary schools and upgrade 6 lower primary school (Class V) schools. In these, for the four districts within the overall 2 lower primary schools and 6 primary schools, 18 primary teachers and 2 language teachers physical & financial size of the state plan will be appointed. To provide for the salaries, of the Elementary Education Sector but physical and financial targets for the Scheme an outlay of Rs. 20 lakhs would be needed. No. 8 upgradation of the standard of district administration including establishment of In add\\ition to the above, these primary Sub-Divisional Education Offices and of schools will also be equipped with essential physical facilities provided under the Operation the Scheme No. 9 clearance of the backlog Blackboard Project at the cost of Rs. 25 of physical facilities have been projected lakhs (3 Rs.80,000/- per class-room. in accordance with the actual requirements. Considering the above requirements, Provision of Pre-Primary, Primary 6c Middle a total outlay of Rs. 75 lakhs would be Level Educational Facilities during the 8th Plan needed for provision of primary level educa Scheme No. 1 : Pre-Primary Education tional facilities. Outlay earmarked for the 1990-91 annual plan is Rs. 15 lakhs including Rs.3.50 lakhs for capital. At present in the district, there are Scheme No. 3: Assistance to Non-Government 61 pre-primary centres \"attached to primary Primary, Monastic and Special schols and primary sections of other schools. Schools During the 8th Plan, 2 pre-primary An outlay of Rs.8.00 lakhs is proposed centres are proposed to be established for which 2 posts of school mothers will be to be given as grant-in-aid to Non-Govt. created. The old pre-primary centres and Primary, Monastic and Special Schools during the 8th Plan as per the following details. 126 1

Out of the total outlay, an amount of Rs.1.60 Scheme No. 6: Non-Formal Education lakhs is earmarked to be spent during 1990-91. As the programme of Non-formal (Rs. in lakhs) education supplement, the efforts of the S.No. Sub-Schemes Proposed Outlays for Formal Education System to ensure fulfilment 1990-95 1990-91 of the National commitment of universalising elementary education, it would be systemati 1. Monastic Schools 8.00 1.60 cally implemented during the 8th Plan accord ing to the revised pattern for school drop-outs working children and specially girls. Full advantage would be taken of the CSS/CPS also. Scheme No. it : Provision of Junior High Schools The details of the number of centres, number of learners and project cost are Since 5 primary schools have attained the optimum enrolment growth and have as under : a minimum of 15 students in Class V and North District as these schools do not have middle sections 1990-95 1990-91 in the neighbourhood within a radius of 2 kms, these schools need upgradation to 1. No. of Centres 100 20 junior high schools by adding middle stage 200 2. No. of Learners 1000 to them. 0.80 3. No. of proposed outlay 5 Therefore, 25 graduate teachers and (Rs. in lakhs) 5 peons will be appointed at the cost of Rs. 50 lakhs. ^To equip these new middle Scheme No. 7: Work Experience schools, Rs. 20 Mkhs would be needed for Work experience being purposive and meaningful,manual work would be encoura providing physical facilities. In addition ged and implemented as an essential compo nent of the learning process. It would be to the above, each junior high school will economically productive in terms of either be provided a six-roomed school building services or goods. It would be an integral at the rate of Rs. 6 lakhs including provision part of primary and middle stages of education. for furniture at the total cost of Rs. 30 lakhs. The activities which would be immedia For this scheme, therefore, total tely useful to schools will comprise improve outlay required would be Rs. 100 lakhs out ment of school environment, manufacture of which Rs. 70 lakhs would be for revenue and improvisation of materials, equipments and Rs. 30 lakhs for capital. used in schools and social services(construction Outlay earmarked for the • 1990-91 of playgrounds, approach roads, protective annual plan is Rs. 15.00 lakhs including walls and renovation of school buildings) Rs. It.50 lakhs for capital. organised in schools and in the neighbouring villages and towns. Scheme No. 5: Purchase and Publication of Textbooks An outlay of Rs. I't lakhs is required North Rs. 2.00 lacs& Rs. Q.itO lacs for this district for the purpose of purchase, An outlay of Rs. 2.00 lakhs for the 8th publication, procurement and distribution Plan out of which Rs. O.itO lakhs for the of textbooks during the 8th Five Year Plan 1990-91 annual plan. and Rs. it lakhs during 1990-91. 127 1

Scheme No. 8: Expansion and Strengthening Itemwise estimated requirement of funds amounts to Rs.2,69,05,9'f0/- (Rupees of District Education Office two crores, sixty-nine lakhs five thousand, nine hundred and forty). Though The existing administrative, managerial it would not be possible to clear the entire backlog on one attempt but provision of and supervisory set up of the District Education funds can be made in a phased manner to Office is far from satisfactory, therefore, it is proposed to be expanded and streng clear it during the Eighth Plan Period 1990-95. thened with the following components; (Rs. in lakhs) (Rupees) 1. Strengthening of w.oo 1. Construction of School 60,75,000/- Administrative set-up 9.00 Buildings 2. Provision of Physical 22.00 2. Construction of 1,01,58,000/- facilities(Equipments) teachers' quarters 3. Provision of Residential and non-residential 3. Proposal for the 2^,90,0001 supply of furniture buildings I4. Water supply and if. Establishment of Sub- 1,40,000/- Divisional Education Office electrification 36.00 5. Construction of 4,59,940/-. toilets Total 107.00 6. Construction of playgrounds 23,08,000/- Scheme No. 9 : Clearing of the Backlog; 7. Minor/Special Repair 52,75,0001- of Physical Facilities of different types of There is a very heavy backlog of school buildings physical facilities i.e. school buildings, staff quarters, hostels, furniture, electrification, Total 2,69,05,940/- water supply, toilets and playgrounds. In addition, there is also a backlog of funds or Rs. 269 lakhs required for annual maintenance of buildings and playgrounds and requirement of funds During 1990-91 Rs. 55 lakhs would be for minor special repairs of various types required. of buildings. 128 II

Health 7.1 The North District has the largest PHC and providing 1 KVA generator per PHC in order to maintain the cold chain. area (4,226 sq. km.) and the lowest population The sub-divisional PHC at Chungthang is (o2f6,o4n5l5y 6perpseornsso)ns wpietrh saq. pkomp.ul(a1t9i8o1n Cdeennssuist)y. to be upgraded by providing a50 MA X-ray Tpohpeulatteriroaninconissishtisllym,airnoluyghof^ntdribraelsmo^t5e5..5/T/hoel Plant. and the District has been notified as a Tribal 7.4 Construction area. Out of the 3 PHCs functioning, only in keeping with the Government of 1 PHC has both non-resident and residential India policy of optimum development of the Tribal areas,the District is being reassessed constructions and 2 have only non-residential construction. It is, therefore, proposed to during the 8th Plan to cater to the special undertake the construction of residential needs of the area. buildings at the 2 PHCs and an outlay of As far as the Health Infrastructure Rs. 10.00 lakhs has been proposed for the is concerned, there is one 50 bedded District purpose. Hospital at Mangan, 3 Primary Health Centres and 18 Primary Health Sub-Centres spread out in the various parts of the district. 7.5 Primary Health Sub-centres Due to the low literacy rate (29.74%) It is proposed to establish 1 PHSC the disease problems are mainly due to at Men Rangong and an outlay of Rs.5.00 lack of hygiene and health education, as lacs is proposed for meeting the expenditure such Helmenthiasis, diarrhoea and dysentry on hiring of house and other establishment adirseesaqsueist,e turbaemrpcualnotsisalaonngd Iwoidtihne RDeesfpiicraiteonrcyy costs. 7.6 Construction of PHSC Disorders. 7.2 The present district hospital is situated Out of the 18 PHSCs functioning in a sinking areas and a new area within in the District, 10 PHSCs are housed in the new Secretariat complex at Pentok Government building and have residential has been demarcated. building also. It is, therefore, proposed to It is is proposed to construct a new construct both non-residential and residential 75 bedded hospital under the Community buildings for the remaining 8 PHSCs. An outlay of Rs. 51.20 lakhs has been proposed Health Scheme. The District Hospital is to be augmented for the purpose. bMyedipcoavlidiangnd adPdiatriao-nmaeldimcianlistsetraifafl satnadff aaln SUMMARY , (Rs. in lakhs) ienqituriopdmuecnet fSapceilciitaileiss(tsAnnSeexruvrieces and oQenc lakhs has been projected to meet the revenue Revenue Capital Total expenditure. 1. District 19.00 10.00 19.00 5.80 15.80 Hospital 2. P.H.C. 7.3 P.H.C. 3. P.H.S.C. 5.00 51.20 56.20 There are 3 PHCs functioning m the 4. C.H.C. 29.80 30.00 30.00 Total 91.20 121.00 District. In view of the pivotal role of the PHC in the Primary Health Care Programme, The details about physical and financial It iISs proposed to augment the services at targets are given in Annexures 1 6: 11. these PHCs with additional 2 AN Ms per 129

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Annexure - II PROPOSED RNANCIAL OUTLAYS DISTRICT : NORTH (Rs. in lakhs) SI.No. Name of the Proiect/Scheme Eighth plan Of which Annual Plan Of which (1990-95) 12 Proposed Capital (1990-91) Capital Outlay proposed content Outlay content 3 4 5 6 1. Primary Health Centres (PMC) 15.80 10.00 11.95 10.00 2. Primary Health Sub-Centres (PHSC) 56.20 51.20 20.50 3. Community Health Centre (CHC) 30.00 30.00 10.00 20.00 4. District Hospital 19.00 19.00 _ 10.00 . 130

Scheduled Castes & vScheduled Tribes. ; 8.1 The Department of Welfare of Scheduled 8.2 It is estimated that out of the total Caste & Scheduled Tribe functions priniarily population of 26,U35 in North District, the as a co-ordinating agency for suervisirig number of Scheduled Tribes are 1^,702 and the implementation of schemes calculated, number of scheduled castes are 800. to improve welfare of scheduled caste and 8.3 During the Eighth Plan considerable scheduled tribe population of the State, strengthening of the administrative structure ipgtorsaatnl-tsrsonaibtomrtpihlc efsmocerhnotslscahrseschdiuhplesem,deesccasosuntcoehsmiaacsndpbresetc-thmeeardtmurelinecdt, to look after the welfare activities will have to be undertaken both in regard to tribes and specific area oriented welfare scheduled caste and scheduled tribes. Economic schemes. During the Eighth Plan, it also development programmes will also be under proposes to take up a Scheme for building taken primarily calculated to improve the up a data bank of all aspects of the life economic status of the concerned people opfarttihceulasrclhyedutlheedir casltaenguaangde,schceudlutluerde, triabrets, by providing them supplementary incomes. The financial outlays and physical targets literature, etc. of this sector for North District are indicated in the Annexures 1 & 11 131

DEPARTMENT OF SCHEDULED CASTES/TRIBES Annexuie - I DISTRICT:NORTH PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS A: ACHIEVEMENTS Code No Major Heads/Minor Heads Eighth plan District Annual Plan District of Development 1990-91 1990-95 Proposed Outlay Proposed outlay 2225-01 WELFARE OF SCHEDULED CASTE (Nos ) (Nos ) (Nos ) (Nos ) 01-227 Educational Schemes; 20,146 2,014 3300 330 (i) Pre-matric Students Scholarship 245 24 40 4 (ii) Post-Matric Students Scholarship 28,641 2 1 (lit) Public School Students Scholarship 7,160 280 28 52 5 01-102 Economic Development - Beneficiaries 28,641 7,160 02 WELFARE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES 1,220 305 4778 1182 02-227 Eduational Schemes : 50 12 200 50 6 1 (i) Pre-matric Students Scholarship .560 140 104 26 (ii) 3 2 1 (iii) Post-matric Students 1 02-102 Public School Students Schollarhip 02-3 Economic Development - Beneficiaries Tribal Area Development - Villages 1 f■ 132 II f--I I - I ■r!-iw,«.MAlifiii iiMBiii

DISTRICT ; NORTH DEPARTMENT OF SCHEDULED CASTES & SCHEDULED TRIBES PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY Annexure - 11 Code No. Major Head/Minor Eighth Five Annual Plan North Heads of Development Year Plan (1990-95) (1990-91) Pro 2225-01 Proposed outlay North posed Outlay 001 Welfare of Scheduled Caste 01-227 Direction Administration 15.00 3.00 2.55 0.26 01-102 Educational Scheme 118.50 11.85 17.40 1.74 01-1 0.11 02 Economic Development 6.50 0.65 1.14 001- Welfare Board 6.00 1.00 1.13 02-227 6.17 6.75 02-102 Welfare of Scheduled Tribes 37.00 ^5.75 6.65 0.57 02-2 Direction & Administration 183.00 27.00 2 Educational Scheme 3.38, 26.00 3 Economic Development 13.50 2.28 Welfare Board 6.00 52.82 1.00 6.50 123.62 1.50 Ftesearch & Training 26.00 Tribal Area Programme 83.00 26.06K 675.00 Total 100^ Precentage Distribution 133

J . r- , Fisheries 9.1 The Fisheries Department is engaged Eighth Plan. The Fisheries Department proposes in promoting the growth of fisheries, intro to implement schemes involving distribution duction of suitable species of fish, distribution of fishing equipment such as nylon net, .of fingerlings and assisting farmers to take nylon threads, etc. at subsidised rate, produc up to pisciculture as a source of subsidiary tion of fingerlings promote fish production in paddy fields and undertake carp and cat income. The north district has a number fish production in organised government farms as also promote production of Mahseer of rivers and ponds which are suited for in riverine areas. Besides this, survey and rearing of fish. Due to religious inhibitions investigation and conservation of riverine fisheries will also be taken up. The outlays the growth of fish rearing has not been proposed for. this scheme in the North District satisfactory. However, there is a noticeable are indicated, in the Annexures I & II. cishaenxgpeectiend tthheat artetairtiundge ooff fipsehopwliell aspnrdeadit, much more rapidly than before during the '\\ ■, . , -v ‚I . 134

■* ■■ ,T - k-r* .\"» V *, ■ ■ ,- • , DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES Annexure - PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS 4: ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT : NORTH SIJvJo. Item U nit Eighth Plan Annual Plan 1 2 3 (1990-95) 1. Proposed (1990-91) Target Proposed 2. Target 4 3. 5 4. Fish PrcMluction Tonnes » JO* tK a) Inland M - b) Marine tt 76.20 25.25 Lakhs - ■ 7. ‚\" U Fish Seed Production *1' t 10.0 1.5 Nos. 3.0 0.15 a) Fry F.V s' \"‚ '‚ Hectare 4 2 b) Fingerlings *. » tl 3.3 , .m, ■ T ■ Fish Seed Farm It 30.00 , , 1. 0.9 3.5 Water Area / a) Nursery -- b) Rearing 135

DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES Annexure - H PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY DISTRICT : NORTH SI.No. Name of Projects/Schemes Eighth Pian Of which ' Annual Plan Of which (1990-95) 1 2 Proposed Capital (1990-91) Capital 1. Outlay Proposed 2. Content Outlay Content 3. 3 4 5 6■ 5. 6. Direction and Administration - _ _ - 7, 8.- Extenision & Training - - - - 9. Beneficiary Oriented Scfiemes - - 10. Survey & Research) 0.5G - 0.10 - trout Fish Seed 0.5G 0.10 Carp Fish Seed 2^.00 15.00 7.5G 4.00 13.60 10.10 2.40 2.40 Conservation 12.65 11.15 1.35 1.35 Mahseer Propagation - - - - - - Office Accomodatlon : 5.00 - - - F.r.D.A. 1.00 Total 56.25 36,.25 12.45 7.75 136

Industries 10.1 The schemes to be taken up at the and information and publicity. They have district level as far as industrialisation is also been actively engaged in promoting concerned, basically relate to training function establishment of small industries with the entrepreneurial development, and implementa- tion of schemes filing within the purview assistance of the nationalised banks. Recently, considerable interest has been taken by I'd! the ,Khadi _and Village Industries Board the National small scale industries develo- and self-employment to educated youths. ment corporation who have identified a 'The K.V.l.B. has bejen concentrating primarily on production of Khadi and woollen cloths llaarrggee iniuummbuetir of industries which can be promoted by providing necessary technical and encouraging rural artisans in industries eexxppeeritLi1s3eC,, machinery on hire purchase basis such as bee keeping. Attention also is being and gcTiuriidralanncree sSOo tthhaatt tthhee iinnddiuissttrriip>e<s; sc+tand paid to the bio-gas programme by the K.V.l.B. on their own feet. The District Industries 10.2 In Sikkim, because of the small size Centres would be closely collaborating with of the state, there are only two district industries centres, one covering the East these activities in order to ensure establish and North district and the other South and ompepnotrtoufnivtiiaebsl.e unTihtes anfdinacnrceiaatling oeumtlpalyosymefnort I'est districts. The district industries centres the North District for-the various programmes have been primarily responsible for training are indicated Tn the Annexures - ] ^ of rural artisans, entrepreneurial development jl as also the physical targets for the Eighth Flan. 137

DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES Annexure - I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS & ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT :NORTH Ilem and Unit Unit 0th Five Year 1^90-91 Annual Plan Proposed 1. No. of units assisted Nos. Plan (1990-95) Nos. Proposed Target Target. 2. No. of persons employed Rs. in laktis 3. Production (Amount) Nos. 50 10 500 4. No. of artisans assisted Nos 250-00 40.00 250 50 5. Entrepreneurstiip Development Programme 100 20 Annexure - II DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY DISTRICT ; NORTH (Rs. in lakhs) SJMo. Name of the Schemes 8th Five year plan 1990-91 proposed outlay 1. DISTRICT INDUSTRIES CENTRE, proposed 2. Training to Rural Artisan 6.00 outlay. 3. Entrepreneurship Development Programme 4.00 1.50- 1.00 Information and Publicity 2.00 0.50 12.00 3.00 138 i

Irrigation 11.1 The State of Sikkim. is estimated created in the North District. Out of this to have 109,000 culturable land. The Irriga total target, 130 Ha. is expected to be created tion Department which has been implement in 1990-91, 200 Ms. in 91-92, 200 Ha. in ing basically run of the stream, small and 92-93, 165 Ha. in 93-9'f and 110 Hac. in minor irrigation projects has estimated that no less than 50,000 Ha. can be covered 9^-95. by irrigation. In the North District, the The major scheme proposed to be culturable area is' estimated to be 15,000 taken up in North District during the Vlllth Plan are (i) Kabi-Tingda (ii) Tarryang-Gor Ha. of irrigation. Potential have been created and (iii) Bichu • Khedong Luma. Renovation of Kutcha channels and restoration of old, out of which 1260 Ha. are under utilisation. defunt channels shall be taken- up.The proposed financial and physical targets for the North During the Eighth Plan, with the total target of 6500 Ha. additional potential creation District are in Annexure - I. for the State as a whole, around 810 Ha. of irrigation potential is proposed to be DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION Annexure - I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS & ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT:NORTH SI.No. Item Unit Eighth plan Annual plan 3 (1990-95) (1990-91) 12 Proposed Proposed 1. IRRIGATION Target Target MINOR IRRIGATION 4 5 a) Total potential creation '000' Hectares \\ b) Total potential utilisation 0.135 • 2. FLOOD CONTROL 0.130 fl 0.810 n 0.748 Nil 1 Nil Km. 139 i

DEPARTMENT OF MINOR IRRIGATION & FLOOD CONTROL Annexure-ll PROPOSED FINANCIAL OUTLAY (Rupees in Lakhs) DISTRICT ; NORTH Code No. Name of Project/Scheme Eighth Plan Of which Annual Plan Of which Remarks (1990-95) 7 Proposed Capital (1990-91) Capital Outlay Proposed Content Outlay Content 12 3 45 6 104270200 IV. IRRIGATION & FLOOD CONTROL 01 Minor Irrigation 103 800 Surface Water 100.00 100.00 20.00 20.00 - '■ . ■ 1. Diversion Schemes - - - - Other Expenditure - - - - 001 0.80 - - 005 1^(0 Lift Irrigation 5.00 - — - 052 - — (ii) Command Area Development - — - - — - (ill) Strengthening of Surface & — - - - Ground Water Organisation (50:50 0.80 - - - 1.20 - (iv) Encouraging Irrigation through 100.00 - 20.00 use of Water Energy 22.80 General Direction & Administration 5.00 5.00 Investigation Machinery & Equipments - TOTAL OF MINOR IRRIGATION 115.00 104271100 FLOOD CONTROL & DRAINAGE 15.00 15.00 5.00 5.00 01 Flood Control 15.00 5.00 5.00 115.00 27.80 25.00 103 Civil Work (Bank Protection Schemes) - TOTAL OF FLOOD CONTROL AND 15.00 130.00 DRAINAGE grand TOTAL OF 104000000 , ' — ! 140

SIKKIM SOUTH DISTRICT REFE RENCES S7*Tt BOUND*\"* r-ilHICT BOUND*\"* FonisT boi'Nd*\"* \"(VCNUC BLOCK bound*\"* DiS^RiCI mE*OQU**TER$ *0«»N CLASS VI B*2*R BIVE\"/ KhOL*/CNU important \"0*0 UPP* L •••' ti »6 .y I Rou ~L.r.gf»«e Jl ^ 10 '--.---,\"2 V O* V Iftong ^'^Mana} \"anoanfi • Sonc'io' o« DEO**.! K * ,*♦ Oo»»gc ii^ngToilj<3<(ft Nox^pnmQ 52 ^9 ;«r*]35 Da'\"t'^P''0 jOoraeiu\"®} ■ —t '■u / ** <wo* **\" Borneo 63 \\-^ \\ iaNCiONO \" f bt -;r' 55 B6 ' , Bu' u> Ni)e\"fit n9_ S* 53 -^Poto'ig jojBof 67 , TSA-UMTMANG^' k -- * MCX* Renwng „*.«» .T \"0'»7*'2O»*g .7o3^-,mcp- A I ti .Ghw'ptMr 76 ChuBO . , gl rnai tforp Po'bif^ pt\" ><=„ 5 ing*>itfyang ^&6\", RAMPAH. - ^ - 1)0 ' \" 85 Ma r mg .TanBg?ji ■.'8pf2llVytoNV;^ \\ )08 T u'ung „ Rob'ttheifl.^ 109 5'gihoog Rctc'^tf, 106 ^ 112 DONOR „ jr M&kheioi2 IC' S ingi gm '0^ Pomphok ^^ P „ y„ \\100 ' Pciu^ 'Roriirpon' x.lF 113 /. uNor goc ' Soig^o . l( J0RETHANG9 ~ , ', ^''yoT.poN ropche* p ' - ^ Dc-o., \"0 ^ 1K ^_^lQm*p .^2* iSoi1o1k9y-1 \"oig 1'^ .Loigfo*' ° ^ 116 S-'IO'V He ,\" \\SuafQb(3r'«v , £ Ro'iicjNr / ■ no \" ■ v32Poiyt^g i / M.jK^Ue ' -i'tV■-1T25?.^'; I3\"i 129 \\V Ak f> f / PoncngNdf^y S; AirpNO

South District Introduction 1.1 The South District constitutes the 1.4 The geographical location of the District smallest district , in relation to the other is such that it has relatively better accessi bility to the plan areas and the adjoining three districts with a total geographical neighbouring State of West Bengal and conse area of 750 sq. kms. compared to 7096 sq.kms. quently the population of the District, with for the entire State. The district is bounded 75,976 as per 1981 Census, is the second on the southern border by Darjeeling district largest next only to the East District popula of West Bengal and surrounded on the other tion. The density of population per sq. km. three directions by the West, North and in respect of the district is 101 as compared to the State's average of 45 per sq.km. East districts of the State. The high population density ratio in the District is perhaps attributable also partly 1.2 The administrative headquarters of to the sprawling urbanisation in the major the district is located atNamchi.^ TheDistrict towns namely Jorethang, Melli, Rabong, Kewzing apart from Namchi which represents administrative structure is further bifurcated the administrative headquarters for the district. In addition to these factors, the into two sub-divisions which have their emergence of industrial growth centres along the Jorethang-fVlelli belt with the headquarters at Namchi and Rabong. The establishment of the brewery, Vanaspati structure of the Panchayats constituted and bottling units have resulted in an u surge under the Panchayat Act of 1982 had under in the population statistics over the recent gone a reorganisation under a Notification years. It is estimated that the District popula of 1987. Under the purview of the revised tion by 1990-91 is expected to touch a figure Notification, a two tier Panchayat Raj Insti of 1,05,650 and progressively the projected tution has been envisaged with a Zilla Pancha population estimates by the end of the Eighth yat (one, in each district) at the ditrict Plan is likely to Jzp of the order of 1,22,115. level and 37 Gram Panchayat units at the village level. The Gram Panchayat units 1.5 The female population in the District comprise of 13^^ Gram Panchayat wards. accounts for about 46% of the total popula 1.3 In addition to the area covered by the Gram Pancha.yat wards covering an tion figure on phe basis of 1981 'Census.' area of UO, 191.25' hectares, there are ten This implies that the sex ratio in terms of number of females per 1000 male works defined areas covered by reserved forest out to 854. The literacy rate in the District including Temi Tea estate as well as monastery is 32.48% as per 1981 Census of which female estates. The status of land use pattern in the areas apart from forest areas is depicted lliitteerraactyes.accTohuents scfhoerdul2e8d;44t%riboefs trheepretsoetnatl below : 17.52% of the total district population and in respect of scheduled castes, the corres SI. Item Land use(area under ponding figure is 5.54%. No. different types of land use in hectares rounded upto twodeci rnal places)- 1981 Census 1. Irrigated by source 200if.48 1.6 As in the other districts, the occupa 2. Unirrigated 27127.73 tional pattern in predominantly agricultural Culturable waste 2053.57 oriented. On the basis of 1987 estimates, the total area under cultivation is 29,500 (i.e. Gaucharan and groves) Area not available for hectares distributed .among U 6,300 operational holdings. This indicates the average size cultivation , 9005A7 Total itOA9i.25' of holdings as 1.81 hectares as compared 143

to the State's average of 1.9'f hectares. the aegies of the Diectorate of Handi 1.7 The status of irrigation in the district crafts and Handlooms as also the District is relatively poor with as low as 3.71% of the total total cultivable area being covered Industries Centres, the latter being established . under the purview of a Centrally Sponsored abtytriibrurtiagbalteion tofactihlietieis.nherTehnits fsietautautrieosn oifs Scheme. The growth process in respect of these small industries sector is proposed the District which is characterised by dry to be carried forward progressively. belts and absence of adequate perenial water 1.9 As far as medical and health care is concerned, notable achievement has been sources. Considering these basic , ground recorded in the Seventh Plan during which conditions as also the constraints as regards tuhpegraDdiesdtrainctd ahcocsopimtmaoldaattionNacmacpahciityhadsoubbleeedn. per capita land availability, emphasis will Apart from upgradation of the Hospital be made towards optimising the utility of limited land by encouraging scientific and infrastructure in terms of specialists, equip modern land use management, practices rmeesnptesct aonfd rubruailldihnegasl,ththaend refqaumiirleyiqiewnetlsfarme through a well integrated strategy of concen has continued to receive importance and. ethsitsablpiosshitmieonnt coafn 5be PRapCpsrecainatded 35witPhHStChse trating on hign value cash crops, use of within the district. Keeping in mind that high yielding varities, fertilizers and plan dtheevelNoapmecdhiasdisatricCtomhmausnintoyw bHeeeanlthsomCeewnhtarte to serve the needs of the West Distric protection measures including provision oefnvisiargreisgatisopnecifaalcilietfifeosr.'ts Thteo iEnitgrhotdhucePlainn as - well, the Eighth Plan envisages -consoli a big way the cultivation of non-traditional crops particularly horticulture, floriculture dation of the inf rastructural facilities in including sun flower cultivation. terms of equipments, specialists as well 1.8 The economy of the South District as building facilities. has. been transformed as a result of the industrialisation process during\" the Seventh 1.10 The scenario as far as Education is Plan when major- industries namely Yuksom Breweries, Sikkim Vanaspati Plant and Bottling concerned can be judged from the literacy Unit were established. The establishment of an industrial growth Centre in the Southern craotmeparwehdichto istheestStiamtaet'esd avteorabgee o3f2.3^k9.%03%a-s belt has ushered in prospects for several other industrial units which are in the pipe There are in all 69 lower Primary Schools, line. As part of the Eighth Plan,it is envisaged 70 Primary Schools, 38 Junior High Schools, to declare the existing Melli-Manpur industrial 15 Secondary Schools and 5 Senior Secondary belt as a growth Centre and also develope Schools. The estimated enrolment of students^ basic infrastructure in terms of power, ipnrovtihdeese hiingshteirtutsitoannsdairsds 23o,f27e8d.ucIantioorndearlontgo water supply, communication etc. so that the lines of modern public school, a new these will serve as an incentive for new Public Educational Institution has been esta prospective industrial ventures. Apart from blished at Namchi. This facility is expected tporovsiedreveedauscaatiomnoadlelavpeancueesseftotrerthsechochoilldarnedn- the above, the existence of the only Tea Estate at Temi in the South Ditrict has from the South and West Districts in particular. in itself been a spin-off by accelerating 1.11 The position as regards rural water the process of growth in all economy of supply, rural electrification and rural roads the District Plans for expansion of the tea has been satisfactory. The Namchi W'ater .garden have been stated in the near future cSuopmppllyetpiroonjectandis iwnitahn tahdevancceodmmisstsaigoeninogf and this is expected to provide further in of tliis project during the initial year of petus to the growth process. Mention may the Eighth Plan, the—easting problems of also be made of the progress being made in the small scale industries sector inluding handicraft and handloom sectors under ua

water scarcity will be remedied. Systematic Jorethang town. sewerage and drainage facilities in the District 1.12 The sectoral details on the programmes headquarter town is also proposed during proposed during the Eighth Plan in respect of the District is discussed in the following the Eighth Plan as part of the IDSMT scheme under which, apart from Namchi, certain chapters. consolidation works are also . envisaged In . 'J 'i A . • ■ • , I ■ 1- /• ■ 145

Agriculture 2.1 As in other parts of the State, agricul 3. Wheat 3.20 ture occupies the most important place 4. Other 3.88 in the economic life of the people in the Cereals district. It is estimated that nearly 80% of the total district population are dependent 5. Pulses 6.43 on agriculture is 29,500 hectares (i.e. 27.03% of the State total operational holdings) 6. Oilseeds 4.61 and this is distributed among 16,300 holdings. 7. Potato 5.86 On the basis of 1988-89 estimates, the net 8. Cardamom 0.78 cropped area is 25,600 hectares and in terms 5.70 9. Ginger of gross cropped area, the estimated figure is 39,660 hectares. The cropping intensity 10. Other commer- is estimated to be 15596. It is estimated cial crops 0.77 that about 1^^,000 hectares of land are operated 11. Horticulture 7.23 The area under principal crops in the district crops 11.00 is as below ; 12. Vegetable Item Area Remarks (in '000 hec.) I. Maize , 10.73 1988-89 estimates 2.2 The above position reveals the general 2. status of agriculture in the District. The 3. Rice 2.17 position is appreciable considering that A- Wheat 2.20 If the South District is predominantly a dry 0.60 belt with minimal irrigation facilities and 5. Barley 1981 Census 6. lack of perennial water resources. The dry 7. Pulses 4.89 11 II spells occur between March to May and 1! 1 in the winter months. Thus agriculture in Potato 0.87 the district is essentially x:haracterised by Cardamom 4.15 rainfed farming. Despite the inherent climatic features, the district produces a fairly good The production figures , in respect quantity of principal crops covering maize, of principal crops is tabled below : ■ wheat, rice, milet and barley in cereals, Item Production Remarks urd and ric bean in pulses, soya bean, rape- ('000 tonnes) seed and mustard in oilseeds; large cardamom and giner in species; tomato, peas, beans, 1. ^laize 15.80 1988-89 estimate cauliflower, potato, raddish and cucurbits 2. Rice 2.30 (anticipated) in vegetables besides other horticultural crops as oranges, plums, peaches,^ pears, guava, banana, lime, lemon, turmeric, garlic, etc. There is abundant scope for improving the productivity of cultivable land and expand ing the cultivable area, particularly in respect of rajmah, sunflower, buckwheat, including fruits and flowers. The possibilities of culti- 146

vating certain species of medicinal and 2.5 Considering the inherent climatic aromatic plants have also been established. condition of . the structure of the terrain, 2.3 During the period of the Seventh the scheme for micro water shed had been Plan, efforts were made to consolidate the physical facilities and infrastructure so taken , up as a special development effort that implementation of agricultural develop ment programmes are carried out in an relevant for the district.' Several of these effective manner. During the period of the plan significant strides were taken in micro water sheds have been saturated through regard to introduction of high yielding varie a well integrated package of measures for ties particularly for cash crops including bringing about improvement in the rain floriculture. It is anticiapted that the total fed farming systems and optimising utilisation food production by the end of the Seventh Plan would be 31,610 tonnes as against of land water within the identified water the production achieved during the year sheds. 1988-89 which is recorded at 28,210 tonnes. 2.6 The thrust in the Eighth Plan will Likewise the production figures estimated be aimed at continuing the ongoing programmes for oil seeds is 'fOlO tonnes; large cardamom with emphasis on consolidation of the gains 780 tonnes; potato 5860 tonnes; Ginger in the previous plans. Specific objectives envisaged in the plan are listed below : 5700 tonnes, horticulture 7230 tonnes,and ve 1. To bring about substantial improve ment in productivity and also increase produc getables 11000 tonnes. Significant progress tion of major crops including vegetables, has been recorded as far as floriculture horticulture, floriculture, etc. programme is concerned. It is estimated 2. To encourage scientific and improved that by the end of the Plan 1.65 lakhs cut agricultural practices for optimising output flowers are likely to be produced including from land without disturbing the ecological 2.80 lakhs planting materials. Under the seed production scheme also the achievement balance. anticipated is 657 tonnes as against the 3. To lay special attention to cultivation plan target of 59'f tonnes. Approximately of non-traditional crops which have high 1,50 lakhs number of horticulture planting materials would be produced locally within commercial value. the district to support the programmes under horticulture. The fertiliser consumption if. To increase production of food grains rate is likely to touch 18.10 kg. per hectare ubyy laying special emphasis on iiimipijrjoiuvviiinigg by the end of the Seventh Plan. The area the SCcv-iI ence and TechnolIo/-Vg.-iI-Jc^alI conte_ nt of/- under high yielding varieties is estimated programmes. to cover 10,100 hectare during this period. 5. To bring about an improvement in 2A In terms of development of infrastructure one regional sub-centre, one agro service the fertiliser consumption as also to encourage centre, one plant protection laboratory, adoption of high yielding varieties. 4 storage godown, 2 VLW centres, 9 VLW sub-centres were established during the 6. To vigorouslyyc^arry forward the prcfea- Seventh Plan alone. Through these facilities mmes for seed production with the objective the implementation of various agricultural related developmental programnies has been of achieving self-Reliance in respect cP intensified and essential package of inputs crop seeds, including planting materfala for horticultural crops. This progamme will in terms of improved seeds, fertilisers, be effectively monitored ensuring acceptable standard of quality through strict enforcement pesticides, agricultural implements including of seed testing and certification measures. technical advice through demonstration 7. To organise an effective marketing and trainings made available to the farmers. link for agricultural crops with the intention of enabling the farmers to realize remunerative prices for their produce. 147

2.7 Keeping in mind the underlying objecti tonnes by the end of the plan. This is sought to be. achieved by way of introducing a ves as listed above it is proposed to project well integrated package of measures including adoption of multiple cropping practices a total outlay of Rs. 365.30 lakhs for the for improving the per unit productivity. 8th Plan in respect of the South District. The net cropped area is expected to increase The outlay proposed for the initial year from 25,600 hec. during 1988-89 to 28,100 hec. by the end of the plan. In terms of of the Plan is Rs.113.60 lakhs. The details gross cropped area, the increase for the corresponding period would be from 39,660 of physical targets envisaged under the hec. to 48,650 hec. In terms of cropping intensity, the target by the end of the plan Agricuture development programmes as is expected to be 173 per cent as compared also the financial requirements in respect to 155 per cent during 1989-90. of various development schemes have been 2.9 Special importance will be attached to bring about perceptable improvement summarised in the Annexure 1 and 2. in the use of manures, fertilisers, pesticides, 2.8 During the plan, special emphasis soil correction inputs and improved seeds will be given to Rain Fed Farming including of better yielding varieties. The on going cultivation of crop varities of high commercial extension activities of the department covering training to farmers, distribution of minikits, value. A combination of measures involving demonstration programmes including soil testing and soil and water conservation Dry Land Farming, Land Developrnent, Water will be continued. Special attention will harvesting, demonstration of scientific cultiva also be given to developing the physical tion practices, introduction of improved infrastructure in terms of building facilities short duration crops and promotion of high and equipments. In addition to this, it is value crops will be taken up in a big way. proposed to establish one farmers' training The objective is to bring about perceptible centre, a few VLW centres, buildings for improvement in the income of farmers. marketing and agro service facilities including During the plan, the target for production consolidation of physical facilities including of ginger is pitched at 7,400 tonnes, in respect residential buildings in the existing centres of potatoes 8,300 tonnes; for large cardamom where such facilities have not been provided. 1,000 tonnes, for oil seeds 6,750 tonnes and for Tuber and other rhizomatic 1,500 tonnes. Special mention may be ma e about the targets to increase the production of the sun flower seeds from 20 tonnes during - 1989-90 to 370 tonnes by the end of the Plan period. The over all food grains production target is expected to touch 39,000 148

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANNE)ajRE - I PROPOSED PHYSICAL TARGETS A ACHIEVEMENTS DISTRICT :SOUTH S.No. Item Unit Eighth Plan Annual Plan -r l_ (1990-95) (1990-91) Proposed Proposed T arget Target 12 3 4 5 1. PRODUCTION OF FOODG RAINS Rice '000 Tonnes •3.00 ■ 2.60 3.00 2.60 Irrigated II _ Unirrigated It Total Wheat 11 ^■ 4.40 3.60 4.40 3.60 Irrigated 11 - U nirrigated 11 ), Total Maize Irrigated II _ 16.10 Unirrigated 16.10 It 18.30 Total' tl 18.30 4.10 4.10 Other Cereals tt •V Irrigated \" tl . U nirrigated tl _ Total 5.40 5.40 Pulses Irrigated '1 - Unirrigated It II 7.90 6.80 Total 7.90 6.80 Total Foodqraisn It * 3.0 2.60 tt 36.00 30.60 Irrigated Unirrigated 33.20 Total Foodgrains (1) 39.00 149 1.

2. COMMERCIAL CROPS a) Oil Seeds I) Major Oilseeds Rape Seed ■ooo 2.60 2.16 Tonnes 2.60 2.15 and Mustard 3.50 2.32 Total (i) 0.37 0.07 0.15 ii) Ottiers 0.2B 2.54 Soyabean 4.15 4.70 Sunflower 6.75 Other oilseeds 4 1.00 0.80 Total (ii) 8.30 6.20 7.40 6.10 Total Oilseeds (aj 1.50 0.04 0.87 b) bttier Commercial Crops 0.02 10.24 Large Cardamum '000 13.99 24.99 ^Potato Tonnes 18.69 \" Ginger Ottier tuber & rti'zomatic crops Minor Commercial Crops Total other commercial crops \" Total Commercial Crops (2) 150

12 3 4 3. MAJOR HORTICULTURAL CROPS 6.00 .. . - ^ ' . 4.70 a) F ruits •000 10.70 - Tonnes 14.50 Citrus 5.10 Other Fruits It 2.38 T^otal Fruits (a) II 7.38 b) Vegetables tl 11.25 Total Major ■I Horticultural 11 25.20 18.73 2.70 crops (3) 4.00 1 c) Flowers Lakh 16.00 i) Cut Flowers Nos. 20.00 ii) Planting tl Materials 4. IMPROVED SEEDS - a) Production of Seeds ^ i) •000 ii) iii) Cereals Tonnes 0.060 0.050 iv) 0.027 0.020 v) Pulses II 0.023 0.015 vi) 0.500 0.450 vii) Oilseeds II 0.200 0.120 0.008 0.003 Potato II 0.020 0.018 Ginger tl 0.838 0.676 Vegetables . II Others II • Total Seed Production (a) II j ■ 151 A-'',

12 3 45 b) , Distribution of Seeds i) '000 Cereals Tonnes 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.07 ii) Pulses tl 0.05 0.04 iii) Oilseeds If 0.25 0.16 iv) Potato tl 0.20 0.12 v) Ginger n 0.02 0.01 vi) Vegetables ft 0.02 0.01 vti) Others 11 0.80 0.53 Total seed ft distribution (b) 5. Chemical Fertilizers a) Nitrogenous (N) II 0.75 0.50 b) Phosphatic (P) 11 0.38 0.25 c) Potassic (K) II 0.12 0.09 Total (N+P+K) II 1.25 0.84 6. Plant Protection • a) Pesticide II 0.010 0.008 II 18.00 14.40 b) consumption (Technical Gr. Material) Area coverage 7. Area under distribution of a) F ertilizers •OOOha. 18.75 12.60 8.00 6.40 b) ■ Pesticides II 152

12 3 4 5 8. High Yielding Varieties - 2.40 1.60 a) Rice 2.65 2.45 '000 1.72 2.43 10.90 Total Area cropped ha. 2.80 6.60 2.78 15.75 Area under HYV 10.63 11.20 b) Wheat 7.12 Total Area cropped II 16.65 11.62 Area under HYV II c) Maize f Total Area cropped II I■ Area under HYV 11 i■ Total Area under II above cereals Total area under HYV of above cereals \" 9. Dryland/Rainfed Farming a) Development of Selected microwatersheds (cumulative) i) No. of microwatersheds Nos. 5- 1 5.00 1.00 ii) Area covered 1 0.50 0.10 under micro- »000 5 1 watershed ha. iii) Land development II iv) Water harvesting/ Storage Structures No. 153