Body Systems FlipBook

Health Science Flipbook Kathy Mungai

Integumentary System Functions: protection, body temp regulation, secretion, perception of stimuli Irrelevant Kat Comments: largest organ in Key Terms Vocab: the body, first line of defense, yet probably albin/o - white derm/o, dermat/o - skin Epidermis - outmost skin layer the most controversial body part in human xer/o - dry Dermis - mid-skin layer history kerat/o - hard, horn shaped tissue Hypodermis - innermost skin layer erythro/o - red myc/o - fungus Melanocytes - melanin containing cells xanth/o - yellow pedicu/o - lice Melanin - brown-black pigment onych/o - nail pil/o - hair Subcutaneous layer - innermost layer lip/o - fat rhytid/o - wrinkle Gland- cell(s) secrete substances within/out of body sebaceous - oil Perspiration - sweat Lipocytes - fat cells Diseases/Disorders Careers: Albinism - skin lacking pigmentation. Looks Dermatologist white Dermatology Tech. Jaundice - skin appears yellow bc failing liver Dermatologist Nurse Acne - inflamed sebaceous glands produces Practitioner pimples Gangrene- death of skin bc lack blood + bacterial infection

Musculoskeletal System Function: protect internal organs, movement, help blood flow + other fluids. Key Terms Vocabulary Irrelevant Kat Comments: “I am a my/o - muscle Muscle - body tissue made of bundled fibers held walking meat suit”. myel/o - bone marrow together by connective tissue oste/o - bone Voluntary - muscles moved by conscious choice cost/- ribs Involuntary - muscles moving without conscious crani/o - skull choice -plexy - surgical fixation Skeletal - muscles on skeleton = v. movement chondr/o - cartilage Smooth - visceral muscles i. Movement. I.e. arthr/o - joint respiratory/digestive tract -plegia - paralysis Cardiac - obvious. I. movement kinesi/o - movement Automaticity - contract w/o nerve supply Contractility - ability 2 contract (shorten) Elasticity - ability 2 resume resting length Extendability -ability 2 b stretched excitability/irritability -ability 2 receive+respond 2 nerve impulse by contracting Diseases/Disorders Occupations: Atrophy - shrinking of muscle Certified Fitness Trainer Ataxia - inability to control v. muscles Sports Medicine Physician Hemiplegia - total paralysis on 1 side of body Hypotonia - loss of muscle tone

Nervous System Functions: sensory input, integration, motor output Irrelevant Kat Comment: “Mr T, Key Terms Vocabulary: Where’s Smell??!!” was neur/o - nerve Sensory Input - electrical impulse sent from sensory confused when told the encephal/o - brain organs thalamus handled everything myel/o - bone marrow Integration - processing/interpreting of info But smell. Later found out it’s in ambul/o - to walk Motor Output - generated response the temporal Lobe O-O -esthesia - sensation Affectors - nerves from sensory organs -> cns mening/o - meninges Effectors - nerves from cns -> motor response nerves But why tho, kinda random psych/o - mind CNS - Central nervous system (brain, spinal cord) concuss/o - shaken together PNS - peripheral nervous system (everything else) Soma - cell body of nerve Axon - carries electrical impulse to A.T. Axon Terminal - end of nerve where neurotransmitters Diseases?Disorders jump the synaptic cleft Astrocytoma - tumor of neuroglial tissue Occupations: Cerebral Contusion - bruising of the brain Electroneurodiagnostic Hemorrhagic Stroke - CVA caused by bleeding Technician Ischemic Stroke -CVA caused by blood vessel Physician Anesthesiologist blockage

Special Senses Function: involved in the nervous system function of sensory input Key Terms and Vocab: Disorder/Diseases: irid/o -iris Amblyopia - impared vision in one or both eyes resulting -cusis - hearing from a developmental deficiency in early childhood (lazy eye -opia - vision condition Blepharitis-inflammation of the eyelid ot/o -ear Cataract- clouding of the lens resulting in decreased visual tympan/o - eardrum activity. ophthalm/o - eye Chalazion - small hard cystic mass on the eyelid caused by a -metry -process of measuring blocked oil gland acous/o -hearing acoust/o - hearing; sound Careers: ambly/o - dull; dim Optometrist - perform eye exams, diagnoses aque/o - water injuries, impairments, or diseases of the eye audi/o -hearing Audiologist - works with hearing, balance, and blephar/o - eyelid related disorders cerumin/o -cerumen cochleo/o - cochlea conjunctiv/o - conjunctiva cor/o ; core/o - pupil Irrelevant Kat Comment: Some say when one of your senses is impaired, the other ones are more advanced somehow but I think it just might be you learn to rely and utilize your other senses more depending

Cardiovascular System Function: circulate oxygen rich blood throughout the body Key Terms and Vocab: Diseases and Disorders: cardi/o - heart Aneurysm - localized balloon-like dilation of a blood angi/o - vessel vessel, usually an artery hem/o; hemat/o- blood Arrhythmia - irregular heartbeat Brady- slow Bradycardia- slow heartbeat Tachy- fast Tachycardia - fast heartbeat thromb/o - platelets -emia - blood condition Careers : leuk/o - white Cardiologist: physician who specializes in erythr/o - red the diagnosis and treatment of heart arteri/o -arteries diseases and conditions sept/o wall Telemetry nurse: monitors patients’ heart son/o - sound rhythm sphygm/o - pulse systol/o - contraction Irrelevant Kat Comment: My dad has given me tenso/o - stretched on 2 separate occasions entire lectures on the tom/o - to cut heart and by the end both my mother and I vas/o - vessel wonder why he’s not a professor vascul/o- blood vessel ven/i: ven/o - vein venul/o - venule

Respiratory System Function: inhaling fresh air, exchanging co2 for o2, exhaling stale air Irrelevant Kat Comment: You’d think after nine months in the Key Terms and Vocab Diseases and Conditions womb and 17 years of life, my bronch/o - bronchus Bronchitis- inflammation of the bronchi epiglottis would know how to do cyan/o - blue Bronchogenic carcinoma- malignant its job. Yet there are days it just lanyng/o - larynx tumor on the bronchi SEEKS to prove me wrong out of -oxia - o2 Ntonvhodpsdm- sudden involuntary spite. Or at least that’s my Oxy- o2 contractions of the bronchi assumption Pleuro -pleura Croup - childhood diseases Pneumo - lung Pulmono - lung Thoraco - chest characterized by a “barking” cough and Tracheo- trechea high pitched breathing Pyo- pus resuscito- to revive Rhino - nose Careers Sinuso- sinus Respiratory Therapist: cares for patients who spiro- breathing Tonsillo- tonsils suffer from health conditions and diseases that Tubo- tube affect their breathing Lobo- lobe Perfusionist- manages the heart-lung machine in Naso- nose c operations where heart must be stopped Carcino- cancer

Function: ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination Digestive System all pertaining to the processing of nutrients Key terms and Vocab Irrelevant Kat Comment: I learned the Cholcysto- gallbladder Entero- s. Intestine Diseases and Disorders Digestive system in full by Colo; colono- L. intestine Hepato- liver Dental caries - tooth decay or cavities memorization in 3rd grade. One of Gastro- stomach Oro- mouth Enteritis- inflammation of the small my proudest achievements -pepsia -digestion chol/e - gall; bile intestines Procto -rectum; anus Abdomino- abdomen Esophageal varices - swollen, tortuous Ano- anus Appendo- appendix (twisted) veins in the distal portion of the Appendico- appendix Bili- bile; gall esophagus Ceco- cecum Cirrho- orang-yellow Hepatitis - inflammation of the liver Denti-tooth Duodeno- duodenum Careers: gingivo-gums Dentist - specializes in the diagnosis prevention and treatment of conditions and diseases of the mouth and gums Gastroenterologist -physician specializes in diseases/conditions of the digestive system

Urinary System Function: filtration, waste storage and excretion, hormone production Key terms and Vocab Disorders and Diseases: Irrelevant Kat Comments: Yeah -cele - hernia; swelling I’ve got nothing for this one. I -lysis - breakdown Cystitis - inflammation of the bladder feel like we never spend that Cysto- cyst; fluid sac Cystocele- herniation of the bladder through the much time on this unit in past Nephro - kidney vaginal wall in females health classes Ren.o - kidney Cystolithiasis - calculi of the urinary bladder; -uria - urination bladder stones -pexy - surgical fixation -ectasis - dialation Diabetes - condition characterized by excessive Pyelo -renal pelvis amounts of urine Albumino -albumin (a protein) Azoto- nitrogen Bacterio- bacteria Careers Calculo- stone Dialysis Technician - operates machines that Calio- calyx Glomerulo- glomerulus remove metabolic waste products and excess Glyco- glucose fluids from the blood of patients whose kidneys Glycoso- sugar are not functioning properly Litho - stone, calculus Urologist - physician who specializes in diseases Meato- meatus of the urinary system and the male’s reproductive Nocto- night tract

Reproductive System Function: To produce egg and sperm cells. To transport and sustain these cells. To nurture the developing offspring. Key Terms and Vocab Disorders and diseases Irrelevant Kat Comment: Cervico - cervix Infertility - the inability/diminished ability to Aristotle didn’t think eels Salpingo - fallopian tube conceive or produce offspring reproduced but rather they Ovo - ovum Mastalgia- pain i n the breast just emerged from the soil Orchido - testicle Menorrhagia - excessively heavy menstrual bleeding Oophoro - ovary Cystocele - hernia of the bladder that protrudes Meno - menses; menstruation through the vaginal wall Mammo- breast Gyneco- female; woman Colpo -vagina Prostato -prostate gland Feto - fetus Career Fibro- fiber Ultrasound Tech - part of routine prenatal care Hemo- blood of a woman and her unborn child Hymeno- hymen Doula - professional who has been trained to hystero- uterus assist birthing family before, during, and Labio- lip Lacto- milk immediately after the birth of the baby Ligato-binding Lumpo- lump mass Lyo- break down