TTPS QUARTERLY No.4

ISSUE NO 4 April - June, 2017PolicingFfuorttuhere



Contents APRIL - JUNE 2017 • Issue No. 403 Message from the Commissioner of Police 0805 Editor’s Note07 Badges of Rank 60 11 2608 TTPS Career Fair 2017: New Approach to Recruitment11 Using Evidence-Based Policing to Transform Policing 23 42 Practices in Trinidad and Tobago 64 5614 Measuring Police Performance – Key Concepts16 US Embassy Hails Police Academy as a ‘Centre of PoliceServiceTT TTPoliceService www.ttps.gov.tt Excellence in the Caribbean’18 TTPS Captures Top Caribbean Crime Fighter Award20 What is Ransomware and What Steps Can You Take to Keep Your Systems and Data Protected23 The Card Skimming Scam Challenge25 Investigating Financial Crime in Trinidad and Tobago26 DNA Preservation and Collection29 Finding the Missing32 How is Social Media Impacting Public Perception of the TTPS?35 Ministry of National Security - Securing The Nation36 PCA Sensitizes Police Trainees38 Know the Signs of Child Abuse40 CSP Partnering with Police Youth Clubs - Empowering Today’s Youth for a Brighter Tomorrow42 ‘Making PYCs Part of Your CSR’43 Police Youth Club Members Profiles47 NGC’s Involvement with Police Youth Clubs49 Proactive Policing with No. 12876 Sergeant Roger Worrell51 COMPSTAT: An Important Crime Fighting Tool in TTPS53 TTPS Building Monitoring and Evaluation Capacity54 Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Property Act56 Tourist Oriented Policing Project – A Success Story60 ‘Operation Enterprise’64 Cricket in Enterprise - An Alternative to Criminality66 Tackling the Global Epidemic of Road Traffic Crashes – Roadway Speed Management69 The Journey to Success -Valedictorian and Most Outstanding Recruit - No. 20256 WPC Gabrielle Bridgewater71 Police Wives Association- 68 Years of Helping Police Families81 TTPS Fields Strong Contingent in National Under-21 Netball Team at Netball World Youth Cup in Botswana

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A Message from the Commissioner of Police Stephen Williams, MBA, M.St, LLB, LEC, MCMI There are a number of emerging threats to security and Commissioner of Police (Ag.) novel methods of committing crimes that are currently attracting much attention from police. For example, crimesThe Trinidad and Tobago Police Service in cyberspace are of particular concern to the TTPS, given (TTPS) seeks to effectively move policing in the recent threats caused by a malicious type of software this country towards the future. In order to called ‘ransomware’. In addition, particular attention is do this, the TTPS must take into being paid to issues surrounding financial crimes such as consideration a wide variety of issues money laundering and the financing of terrorist currently confronting the policing world organisations. today, and others that have the potential to In preparing the TTPS to effectively treat with these become issues in time to come. issues, we must start by attending to the quality of recruits utilized by the organisation. We are no longer tied down to old or traditional methods of recruitment and training. Instead, we are constantly employing new and innovative methods of attracting individuals to the TTPS and preparing them to operate effectively in the policing environment of the future. Progress in this regard is necessary for achieving one of our main strategic goals for 2017 – to ‘Strengthen the Organisation’. Central to our policing efforts, is the goal to foster safe and secure communities. As such, community-oriented policing remains the core ideal underpinning the strategy of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service. We continue to explore opportunities for public engagement at all levels of society whilst improving on the existing community programmes that have been working for us thus far. Guided by the TTPS Strategic Plan 2017-2019, we continue to exert our best efforts to transform the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service into a twenty-first century modern policing organization while simultaneously working to establish stronger relationships with the public and strengthening communities in the process. We envision an organization properly synchronized with its mandate, vision and mission and fully aligned with the expectations of the citizens of Trinidad and Tobago. Stephen Williams 03

Contributors Publisher Trinidad and Tobago Police Service Deputy Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Administration, Erla Christopher Editor Ellen LewisDeputy Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Head- Corporate CommunicationsCrime and Support, Harold Phillip Content Co-ordination and SponsorshipSomeet Ramroop Eshe Jewel Bruce Senior Superintendent (Ag.), Corporate Communications O cer Joanne Archie Coordinator, Photography Assistant Superintendent (Ag.), Sumit Kumar No. 13335 Cpl. (Ag.), Nigel Stephen Wendell Lucas Sergeant Dale JosephAssistant Superintendent (Ag.), ProofreadingRichard Smith ASP (Ag.), Karen Lancaster-Ellis Crime and Problem Analysis BranchTonya Pierre-Gopaul Brenda Balroop Auditor, Internal Audit Unit Lynn Paul-Joseph Senior Human Resource O cer (Ag.) Writers ASP (Ag.), Michael Pierre Public Information O cer Joneille Johnson Corporate Communications O cer Shane Jitta Corporate Communications O cer Shemuel London Corporate Communications O cer Ryan Nanton Sta Writer No. 16494 PC Lincoln Balkaran Criminal Records O ce No. 7539 PC Brent Batson Road Safety Coordinator Stakeholder Contributors Ministry of National Security Police Complaints Authority Children’s Authority of Trinidad and Tobago Citizen Security Programme The National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Photography Audio Visual Unit Photography Unit Art Direction/ Graphic Design Kenneth Henry Printers Caribbean Print Technologies Contact Trinidad and Tobago Police Service Police Administration Building Cor. Edward and Sackville Streets Port of Spain O ce: (868) 625-8395 Fax: (868) 625-7133 Email: publica [email protected] www.ttps.gov.tt TTPS Quarterly is produced by the Corporate Communications Department, Trinidad and Tobago Police Service All rights reserved. Trinidad and Tobago Police Service must be appropriately credited for any partial reprint or duplication of this magazine. 04

Editor’s NoteQuite often the many successes of the police at crime reduction and detection are either overlooked, blurred or overshadowed.Over the course of producing this latest edition of theTTPS Quarterly, the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service has recorded several noteworthy achievements which are detailed throughout this issue. Among them, is the recognition accorded to the PoliceAcademy by theUnited States Embassy, as a centre for excellence in the Caribbean for training in law enforcement. This is significant, on many levels, but primarily because it bears testament to the strategic positioning of the academy, as a top tier institution in law enforcement education and training, within the region.That aside, in May, 2017, theTrinidad andTobago Police Service witnessedthe largest single assembly of academically qualified and talentednationals, demonstrating interest in joining the police service. To describethe response to the police career fair as overwhelming, would decidedly, bean understatement.Quite often the many successes of the police at crime reduction anddetection are either overlooked, blurred or overshadowed by incidents ofviolent crime which occur and are reported on; therefore when our officersare acknowledged for their contribution to a saferTrinidad andTobago, wemust take note. At the recent ACCP/ASSL Regional Recognition AwardsProgramme for Public Law Enforcement, in Aruba, the exemplaryachievements of local officers as ‘crime fighters’, when pitted against theircounterparts in the Caribbean region, were a much needed boost ofconfidence, as our officers secured top honours in major categories at theevent.Through the Anti-Kidnapping Unit, the police service has been highlysuccessful in returning missing persons and kidnapped victims to their lovedones; and our inroads in this area, are also featured in the magazine.Our ongoing involvement with the youth, through the PoliceYouth Club,takes centre stage as we devote several pages to celebrating the progress ofyoung people; urging corporate Trinidad and Tobago, to embrace a policeyouth club in their community, as part of their corporate socialresponsibility.The Commissioner of Police writes on evidence-based policing and its Ellen Lewisimpact on investigations and the Deputy Commissioner of Police, Crime Head - Corporate Communicationsand Support, considers key concepts when measuring police performance.Share your views with us.What are some of the issues you would like to seeaddressed in this magazine? Reach out to us at: publicaff[email protected]. 05

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Badges of RankCommissioner Deputy Assistant Of Police Commissioner Commissioner Of Police Of PoliceSenior Superintendent Assistant InspectorSuperintendent Superintendent Sergeant Corporal 07

FEATURE CarTeTerPSFair:Novel Approach to RecruitmentThousands of applicants filled the Grand Stand for the Career Fair, 2017 Shemuel London T rinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) has made significant progressCorporate Communications Officer with regards to achieving one of its key strategic goals to ‘Strengthen the Organisation’, as outlined in the organisation’s Strategic Plan 2017-2019. 08

The TTPS Operating Plan 2017, an offshoot of the Strategic Plan, identifies two keyperformance targets arising from this strategic goal namely:the strengthening of institutional capacity throughthe recruitment of high quality personnel and thepromoting of the TTPS as an employer of choice.In February 2017, an ideal opportunity presenteditself to the TTPS, when in excess of 9,000applications were received from 7,300applicants for 36 civilian positions, which wereadvertised in both traditional and social media.Commissioner of Police (Ag.), StephenWilliams,mandated the Police Academy, to host arecruitment fair specifically targeting theseapplicants, with a view towards encouragingthem to choose a career as a police officer. Thehope was to create interest in the 1,000 policeofficer vacancies that currently exist within theTTPS through this recruitment event.This novel initiative represents just one of many Commissioner of Police (Ag.), StephenWilliams, addresses attendees at the Grand Stand,progressive adjustments to recruitment within Queens Park Savannah, Port of Spain.the TTPS. In addressing the applicants,Commissioner Williams referenced many local police officers in Trinidad and Tobago, pointing to recent developments inand international discussions and developments parts of the United Kingdom, where police officers now require degree-levelrelating to 21st century police recruitment. For qualifications for entry into the police service.example, the Commissioner of Police discussed The applicants attending were extremely receptive to these discussionsmaking adjustments to the training of police around police recruitment and expressed their approval of the Career Fair. Inofficers, to allow for non-residential trainingoptions, so that persons with families and other addition to indicating interest in becomingcommitments would not be deterred from police officers in considerably large numbers,applying to join the service. Commissioner many applicants in attendance heaped praiseWilliams also discussed the possibility of making on theTTPS for hosting the event.adjustments to the entry requirements for Glenda Gonzales, was one such applicant, who conveyed her appreciation for the venture, saying it provided a unique opportunity to utilize a largely untapped population of local university graduates. “This type of recruitment would allow the Police Service to capitalize on the investment thegovernment made in the GATE programme and I think it will increase the standard and quality of policing in Trinidad and Tobago”, she explained. Other applicants like Jude Bain had generally positive feedback about the event. “The police officers I encountered were so helpful and receptive”, he said. “I have nothing negative to say. I think events like this will help to change the publicA policewoman demonstrates how the breathalyzer test is done to an attendee 09

perception of the Police Service since it shows a 98% of the feedbackwillingness to improve and invest in the service.” forms submittedMany of the attending applicants remarked that they expressing positivelearned about the variety of functional areas that comments about the eventexisted within the Police Service. Some like ShaniceFlemming, also indicated that the engagement with The police of�icers I encounteredthe various units peaked her interest and encouraged were so helpful and receptivethem to become police officers. “In visiting theVictims and Witness Support Unit and the ChildProtection Unit informative displays, I could see avariety of opportunities to develop my skills, given mybackground in SocialWork”, Ms. Flemming said.The response from the attending applicants wasnotably positive, with 98% of the feedback formssubmitted expressing positive comments about theevent. Given the immense show of support for theCareer Fair, the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service iseven more encouraged to employ more novel andcreative methods in pursuit of its Strategic Goals. San Fernando resident Jude Bain, submitting Statement of Interest form.Attendee Glenda Gonzales, heaps praise on theTTPS for hosting I could see a variety ofthe Career Fair during the Question and Answer segment. opportunities to develop my skills, given my background in Social Work Attendee from San Fernando Shanice Flemming.Attendee submitting feedback form. 10

Using Evidence-Based Policingto Transform Policing Practicesin Trinidad and Tobago Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Stephen Williams, MBA,M.St., LLB,MCMI The use of the best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers. 11

T he modern history of policing in Trinidad and Tobago is replete with reports and recommendations to reform and transform theTrinidad andTobago Police Service (TTPS). However, to date, the organization is still awaiting approval for the implementation of many of those recommendations. This is reflective of a societal culture shaped by active inertia. Therefore, the way forward must be guided by decisive actions in order to obtain the benefits of those pastrecommendations to reform and transform. It is in the doing that improvements are made and not in the planning to do. Please donot interpret this to mean that planning is not important.To the contrary, planning is very important but execution is critical. It is inthat context that the TTPS has undertaken to establish an evidence-based policing culture to transform policing practices. Manykey actions have been pursued towards the establishment of such a policing culture and are highlighted below.What is Evidence Based Policing?Sherman (1998) in a seminal article on Evidence-BasedPolicing (EBP) opined that most police practices are stillshaped by opinions and subjective impressions. However,“Evidence-Based Policing challenges those principles ofdecision making and creates systematic feedback to continuousquality improvement in the achievement of police objectives.”Evidence Based Policing is “the use of the best availableresearch on the outcomes of police work to implementguidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers.” It looksat “what works, what does not and what is promising” inpreventing crime (Sherman et al 1997).In pursuing evidence based policing, the TTPS must ensure Since 2012, the TTPS has taken a far more penetratingthat its officers are willing to implement change. It must aim approach towards introducing EBP throughout theto produce the ideal policeman as envisaged by our law organization. Rather than concentrating training in EBP on justabiding citizens. This policeman is one who can protect and a few high-level officers, theTTPS launched a partnership withserve the people of Trinidad and Tobago with PRIDE Cambridge University to train officers of all ranks in the area of(Professionalism, Respect, Integrity, Dignity and Excellence). Evidence-Based Policing and to provide research support inThe people expect that crime control practices and policies the conduct of policing experiments. Cambridge academicswill be deeply rooted as much as possible in evidence from and staff have delivered a 40 hour introductory course on EBPresearch and not dictated by gut feeling or guess work. to over 700 officers of all ranks, divisions, branches and sections of the police service and to analysts. This trainingThe Global State of Evidence-Based Policing course provides explanations why experiments are importantAcross the English-speaking world, there is a growing ways to determine what works, and discusses the majorprofessional movement promoting EBP. This movement is experiments undertaken by the TTPS. The feedback that wenot limited to any particular strategy of policing, or method have received to date suggests that the course has helped theof research. It reflects, instead, a growing consensus that officers to understand recent initiatives undertaken by thepolicing is a highly complex profession, for which a global organization, such as hot spot policing.TheTTPS / Cambridgebody of research and data analytics can provide substantial partnership has allowed the TTPS to achieve many importantsupport.The EBP movement strives to bring as much of that milestones.knowledge as possible into police decision-making at everylevel and in every situation. This is achieved through the Progress to Date inTTPSimplementation of theTriple “T” Strategy:Targeting,Testing In many ways, TTPS has become the most evidence-basedandTracking of police resources. police agency in theCaribbean region. It has trained a very high proportion of its commanders in EBP, and has re-engineeredEvidence-Based Policing inTrinidad &Tobago its primary strategies for crime prevention around the globalWith all these developments taking place globally, the TTPS evidence of what works in policing. The following highlightshas been heavily influenced and has been at the forefront of some of the main achievements of TTPS in developingproviding leadership education in EBP in the Caribbean evidence-based practices against crime:Region. Since the mid-2000s, TTPS has sent many of itssenior officers to attend the Master’s Degree course in • Its first successful randomized trial in reducing Homicides,Applied Criminology and Police Management in the Police Wounding and shootings.Executive Programme of the Institute of Criminology,University of Cambridge. These officers have beenextensively trained in the analytic frameworks ofevidence-based decision-making. This approach has been amajor factor towards transforming the culture of theorganization by seeking to firstly influence the officers intoan evidence-based mind set. 12

Police officers at a training session on Evidence-Based Policing at the Hyatt Regency, Port of Spain. • The training of more than 700 police officers of all ranks • Test the effects of police use of body-worn video cameras (over 10% of the entire police service) in principles and on use of deadly force in police encounters with gang practices of evidence-based policing. members in homicide hot spots. • The first success at concentrating patrols in hot spots with • Continue to use the weekly COMP-STAT meetings to weekly GPS measurement and feedback of hot spot sustain hot spots patrols and develop intelligence systems patrol time in every police district and division and for targeting and preventing assassination attempts by accounting at weekly COMP-STAT meetings led by the specific known offenders of specific known potential Commissioner of Police. victims. • A pioneering effort to reduce deaths from shootings by However, the highest profile initiative for the TTPS in the application of haemostatic bandages to victims future is one which is being developed to test the immediately upon police arrival at the crime scene. effectiveness of hot spots policing in reducing firearm violence. This initiative will focus on the issue which has been • A major reduction in road deaths in 2015 after targeting of presenting the greatest challenge to law enforcement in our road death hot spots. country, that of firearm violence. • A 58% drop in citizens killed by police from 45 in 2014 to 19 It is clear that the TTPS is pursuing an agenda to transform killed in 2015. policing in the country through an evidence-based approach. This approach can only benefit our country and by extensionProposed Programmes for the future bring rich reward to the Caribbean region in a fast changingOver the next two years, the TTPS intends to pursue the policing world. Therefore, the effort must be applauded andcompletion of three specific initiatives within a wider encouraged.The future is clearly a bright one.programme for the future: • Fully implement and test the use of haemostatic bandages on wounded victims.LawrenceW. Sherman (2013). “The Rise of Evidence-Based Policing:Targeting,Testing andTracking.” CRIME ANDJUSTICE 42: 377-451 13

KPPeMeoyrelfiCoacorsemnucraiennpgctes – Harold PhillipDeputy Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Crime and SupportI n recent years, there have been several attempts to capture the multidimensional and sometimes conflicting concerns of police agencies. Harvard criminologists Mark Moore and Anthony Braga (2003) argue that only by adopting a comprehensive and multifaceted measurement system of police performance will police chiefs or other reformers have a chance to drive the organization to higher levels of performance or to shift the organization’s direction.They proposedseven relevant dimensions of performance measurement: • Reducing crime and victimisation. Although some experts (e.g., Bayley, 1994) have argued that crime is beyond the control of the police, the consensus today is that reducing crime is the single most important contribution that police make to the well-being of society. • Holding offenders accountable (clearance and conviction rates). Calling offenders to account is desirable both because punishment can prevent and deter offenders from committing future crimes and because meting out justice goes a ways toward restoring equity. • Reducing fear and enhancing security (feel safe in home, neighbourhood). Fear of victimisation is one of the principal costs of crime. It is linked to victimisation rates, but it is also influenced by other factors, including disorderly conditions. • Increasing safety and order in public spaces (e.g., reduce traffic accidents, increase public use of parks). In today’s anonymous cities, the police help ensure that strangers interact with each other according to expectations in public spaces. • Using force sparingly and fairly (minimize shootings, promote racial equality). In order to pursue goals of increasing public safety and controlling crime, society gives the police special powers that they in turn need to use judiciously and equitably. • Using public funds efficiently and fairly (deploy officers fairly, keep costs down). Society expects 14

the police to operate economically and to control costs in legitimacy acts in favour of the police, who rely on public a responsible manner. cooperation to solve crimes and, more generally, to maintain • Enhancing “customer” satisfaction. The police provide the rule of law (see, e.g., De Cremer and Tyler, 2007). many services to the public above and beyond crime Second, while countries will want to set national fighting. Providing good service to citizens increases standards for police performance, those standards should police legitimacy. be flexible and relatively few in number. National targets should consist of broad socially desirable policingMoore and Braga’s dimensions emphasise the importance outcomes.of accountability to the public both as customers of Finally, performance measures should include a mix ofpolicing services and as owners or investors in the police outcomes and outputs. As noted in this report, many“enterprise.” Their comprehensive view of what should be socially desirable outcomes are not under the directmeasured in police departments is informed by the control of the police: Society cares more about“balanced scorecard” The concept allows managers to convictions than arrests, but good police work cannotassess their organisations from several distinct vantage guarantee that an arrest results in a conviction. On thepoints, including the customer perspective (How do other hand, outputs, such as the number of traffic stops,customers see us?), the internal business perspective are under the exclusive control of the police, but their(What must we excel at?), the innovation and learning overuse tends to distort views of how officers spend theirperspective (How can we improve and create value?), and time and may result in efforts to game the system.the shareholder perspective (How do we look to Given the limitations of traditional measures of policeshareholders?). outcomes and outputs, measures based on surveys combine some of the strengths of both classes. SurveysModern thinking about performance measures, as can measure desirable outcomes, such as officer morale orembodied in the international examples presented here, the respectful treatment of citizens that are under directincorporates several central concepts. First, performance control of police agencies. Moreover, the results ofmeasures should be developed within a framework of surveys often have less ambiguous interpretations thandemocratic policing. more traditional measures, such as citizen complaints. For these reasons, surveys are becoming an important toolTo promote legitimacy, the police need to treat both of that modern police forces are employing.these groups in a respectful manner, such as by usingminimal force against those who have involuntary contactwith the police. In the long run, increased 15

US Embassy Erla ChristopherAHcaadilesmPyolaicsea Deputy Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Centre of Administration Excellence Among the countries represented at the workshop, in the organised by the United States Embassy, were Antigua Caribbean and Barbuda; Barbados; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guyana, Jamaica; St Kitts and Nevis; StJ une 7th ,2017,will always be remembered as the Vincent and the Grenadines; The Bahamas and Trinidad day when the Trinidad and Tobago Police and Tobago. Academy was recognised by the United States Interestingly, the Police Academy has been positioningEmbassy, Port of Spain, as a centre of excellence for itself on a journey towards achieving its vision “To be thetraining in the Caribbean region. This exceptional Academy of excellence in law enforcement education andaccolade was ascribed to the local police academy by training, locally and regionally”. Therefore, thethe Charge`d`Affaires, John Mc Intyre. In delivering an recognition as a regional centre of excellence for lawaddress at the opening of a two day workshop titled enforcement training, is a significant milestone for the“The Caribbean Basin Security Initiative (CBSI), Law Police Academy.Enforcement Technical Working Group: Advancing The Police Academy is now outfitted with all theRegional Training Efforts”, at the Hyatt Regency, Port appropriate resources for conducting distance trainingof Spain, June-7-8, 2017, Mr. McIntyre identified the for the Caribbean region through CBSI-Connect learninglocal police academy’s commitment and dedication to system. Law enforcement officers can now sit in trainingthe advancement of regional training in law rooms in countries such as The Bahamas, Guyana,enforcement. Jamaica and Suriname and simultaneously receive live lectures from trainers at the Police Academy, St James, Trinidad and Tobago. 16

Dina Abba-Oxley, the, acting Political EconomicChief and Security Policy Assistance Coordinatorat CBSI presents an online interactive trainingsystem to Commissioner of Police (Ag.), StephenWilliams, during the US Embassy one-day visit toSan Fernando, at the National Academy for thePerforming Arts, South Campus, on June 9th,2017.Photo CourtesyTrinidad Express. Charge 'd' Affaires of the United States Embassy, Port of Spain, John Mc Intyre.The Police Academy The future for the development of law enforcement officers in the region is is now outfitted provided with a phenomenal boost with CBSI-Connect. with all the Whilst CBSI-Connect is promoting regional training, the Trinidad and Tobago appropriate Police Service (TTPS), Police Academy has received a commitment from the resources for United States Embassy, Port of Spain, to support a local distance training programme for police officers. Training equipment and software wereconducting distance presented to the Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Stephen Williams, on Friday 9th training for the June, 2017, at the National Academy for the Performing Arts, South Campus. In the short to medium term, the Police Academy will be establishing training Caribbean region centres in the North and South of Trinidad and in Tobago to better serve the through training requirements of officers operating in these geographic policing divisions. With the introduction of these distance learning technologies, the CBSI-Connect Police Academy anticipates significant growth in their ability to reach and train learning system. officers across Trinidad and Tobago, thus increasing the number of officers who can be trained over a shorter period of time. Distance learning will also reduce the number of officers taken away from their policing duties in the various Divisions, to receive training at the Academy. Most notably, this new system will minimise the long commute for officers posted in remote areas. The removal of these long commutes will make more time available for simulations and practical exercises during training sessions; further increasing the quality of training, the Police Academy provides. The Police Academy and by extension the TTPS anticipate the success of distance learning and online training, knowing these will be major contributors in the realisation of our vision to ‘Make every place inTrinidad andTobago Safe’. 17

TTPS CapturesTop CaribbeanCrime Fighter Award Joneille Johnson Caribbean'sTop Crime Fighter: Snr. Supt (Ag.), Northern Division, Corporate Communications Officer Mc Donald Jacob, receives his awards from Michael Aboud, Chairman and CEO of Amalgamated Security Services LimitedI t’s a well-known fact that in order to keep a job, one with assistance from Commissioner of Police (Ag.), Stephen has to perform well. But to be successful at a career, Williams, at the ceremony in Aruba. one has to be passionate, diligent, innovative and committed. While most of us believe we’re doing our Spain Division. After receiving the basket of nominees frombest in our given fields, how many of us can say that we are the varying districts across the region, a panel of judges thenthe best in our field? Not very many. However, one officer has deliberated following which, Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob wasnot simply proven he’s the best in his field, but the best in the selected, for his knowledge of the job, ethics,Caribbean. No.11038 Senior Superintendent(Ag.) McDonald professionalism and communication skills.Jacob, of the Northern Division, was rewarded for the At its core, the Top Caribbean Crime Fighter award ‘recognisesaccomplishment, when he crossed the stage to receive the officers who by their efforts have contributed significantly toaward for Top Caribbean Crime Fighter at the Hilton Hotel in crime reduction, enhancing community relations (with lawAruba onTuesday 2nd May, 2017. enforcement), improving general safety and security and haveNot to be taken lightly, the Top Caribbean Crime Fighter made an overall difference in their police force, communitiesaward isn’t something easily won. The Association of and by extension nationally and regionally.’Caribbean Commissioners of Police (ACCP) in conjunction This year, not only has theTrinidad andTobago Police Servicewith the Amalgamated Security Services Limited (ASSL), (TTPS) claimed awards in all three of the categories, buthave developed a thorough screening process to ensure that throughSnr.Supt. (Ag.) Jacob, it received the first place in theany and all recipients of ACCP/ASSL Regional Recognition most highly coveted area; Top Caribbean Crime Fighter. Snr.Awards are well deserving. The awards seek to distinguish Supt. Jacob is the first local recipient to cop the prestigiousoutstanding police officers within theACCP’s Member Forces/ award and the US$5000.00 that will be allocated to the PoliceServices/ Departments in three categories; Top Caribbean Service. ASP (Ag.) Oswain Subero claimed the 2nd placeCommunity Policing Officer,Top Caribbean Crime Fighter and award of Top Caribbean Community Policing Officer, andTop Caribbean Career Move. Supt. (Ag.) Clint Arthur received 3rd place for Top CaribbeanThe first step in the process began with a recommendation Career Move.from theCommissioner of Police (Ag.) StephenWilliams, with But what exactly, makes Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob soregards to Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob’s performance. Snr. Supt. exceptional? A strategic minded man, Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob(Ag.) Jacob was nominated for his contributions to the Port of considers himself a ‘pracademic’; a term that describes someone who is both an academic and an active practitioner in their subject area. Over the 36 years he has served within 18

Under Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob’s leadership overall seriouscrimes were successfully reduced by 13.8%, robberies by28.6%, murders Caribbean region. Snr. Supt (Ag.), Mc DonaldJacob, listens attentively to a Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob was able to enforce an evidence resident at a recent town meeting in the Northern Division. based systemic approach to tackling crime in Port ofSpain. Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob employed all of the theories learntthe TTPS, Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob constantly challenged himself over the years to the advantage of the TTPS, and appliedto better understand his chosen field. He has a BA in Law, MPhil them both in a logical and practical fashion to policingin Criminology and Criminal Justice, along with a Diploma in within the Division.Project Management. He used the knowledge acquired through According to Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob, there is no cookiehis studies to establish the Crime and Problem Analysis Branch cutter method to solve crime in the Caribbean. However,(CAPA), which has become the cornerstone of intelligence-led he believes that more intelligence gathering and evidencepolicing in the TTPS. These skills have allowed Snr. Supt. (Ag.) based policing can greatly reduce the levels of crime acrossJacob to become one of the more highly sought afterCrime and the region. He hopes to see more methodical and relevantIntelligenceAnalysts in the country. intervention programmes established to help circumventThough, he is currently the Head of the Northern Division, Snr. crime throughout the region, rather than kneejerkSupt. (Ag.) Jacob received the award for his work while reactions. His efforts and initiatives have led to a markedspearheading the Port of Spain Division. It was under Snr. Supt. difference in the policing culture and work ethic in the(Ag.) Jacob’s leadership overall serious crimes were successfully Division. Snr. Supt. (Ag.) Jacob sees the award as a win forreduced by 13.8%, robberies by 28.6%, murders + all the members of theTTPS, as he believes that the fightCaribbean region. By focusing on administration and internal against crime is one in which they have all fully investedmanagement, one of the more overlooked aspects of policing, their time, energy and hearts. He remains fixated on the TTPS’ mission, and is determined to improve the safety of all in the Northern Division.19

RanWhsatoismwareand what steps can you take to keepyour systems and data protected? Sergeant Dale Joseph, M.Sc., B.Sc. from accessing their system, either by locking the system's Cyber Crime Unit screen or by locking the users' files unless a ransom is paid. More modern ransomware families, collectively categorizedo n May 12th, 2017, the biggest ever cyber-attack in as crypto-ransomware, encrypt certain file types on infected internet history was launched. A malicious programme systems and force users to pay the ransom, through certain or ransomware named ‘WannaCry’, stormed through online payment methods, in return for a decryption key. the worldwide web, with the damage epicentre being (Source: - www.trendmicro.com).in Europe.‘WannaCry’ leveraged a vulnerability in Windows OS, first The prevalence of this malware has steadily increased overdiscovered by the National Security Agency (NSA) and then the past ten (10) years with many flavours or familiespublicly revealed to the world by a hacker group called, ‘The evolving. The following is a graphical representation ofShadow Brokers’. ransomware evolution internationally, it was created byIn the first few hours of the attack, 200,000 machines were cyber security researchers.infected. Big organizations such as Renault and the NHS, werestruck and crippled by the malware.This incident is obviously a Key Characteristics of Ransomware:concern for the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service, as • It features unbreakable encryption, which means thatRansomware has been a growing trend over the past two years, you can’t decrypt the files on your own.locally and regionally and this is just a culmination, a grand • It has the ability to encrypt all file types, from documentsreveal to the wider world ,of just how big a threat it is, to our to pictures, videos, audio files and other things you mayquality of life. have on your devices.What is ransomware? • It can scramble your file names, so you can’t know whichRansomware is a type of malware that prevents or limits users data was affected. This is one of the social engineering tricks used to confuse and coerce victims into paying the ransom. • It will add a different extension to your files, which sometimes signal a specific type of ransomware strain. 20

Source: www.f-secure.com• It will display an image or a message that lets you know What steps can I take to protect myself and my your data has been encrypted and that you have to pay a organization from Ransomware? specific sum of money to get it back. To develop meaningful strategies against Ransomware there should be a multidimensional approach to security inclusive of• It requests payment in Bitcoins because crypto-currency personal device protection, safe online behaviour and currencies provide tracking challenges to cyber security investment in functional reputable anti-malware solutions. researchers and law enforcement agencies. What can I do to protect my PC?• Usually, the ransom payments have a time-limit, to add Persons should do the following to protect their personal another level of psychological constraint to this extortion devices and personal data from Ransomware:- scheme. Going over the deadline typically means that the ransom will increase, but it can also mean that the • Don’t store important data only on personal computers. data will be destroyed and lost forever. • Have 2 backups of important data: on an external hard• It uses a complex set of evasion techniques to go drive and in the cloud – Dropbox/Google Drive/etc. undetected by traditional antivirus solutions. • Ensure that Dropbox/Google Drive/One Drive/etc.• It often recruits the infected PCs into botnets, so cyber applications on your computer are not turned on by criminals can expand their infrastructure and fuel future default. Open them once a day, to sync data, and close attacks on a larger scale. them once this is done. • Ensure the operating system and the software being• It can spread to other PCs connected to a local network, used is up to date, including the latest security updates. creating further damage. • For daily use, do not use an administrator account on your personal computer. Use instead a guest account• It frequently features data exfiltration capabilities, which with limited privileges. means that it can also extract data from the affected • Turn off macros in the Microsoft Office suite – Word, computer (usernames, passwords, email addresses, etc.) Excel, PowerPoint, etc. and send it to a server controlled by cyber criminals; • Remove the following plugins from browsers: Adobe encrypting files isn’t always the endgame.• It sometimes includes geographical targeting, meaning the ransom note is translated into the victim’s language, to increase the chances of the ransom being paid. 21

Flash, Adobe Reader, Java and Silverlight. If it is absolutely necessary to use them, set the browser to provide notifications when activation of these plugins is required. • Harden or adjusted browser applications security and privacy settings for increased protection. • Remove outdated plugins and add-ons from browser applications. Keep only the ones used on a daily basis and keep them updated to the latest version. • Employ the use of an ad-blocker to avoid the threat of potentially malicious ads. What can I do online to reduce the probability of putting myself and organization at risk to ransomware?Using the internet safely is of critical importance as malicious applications use online user activity as an attack vector.Tips to reducethe risk of ransomware infection include:- • Never open spam emails or emails from unknown senders. • Never download attachments from spam emails or suspicious emails. • Never click on links in spam emails or suspicious emails. • Never download and install pirated software, pirated music and movie files as these files may contain malicious applications which may result in security vulnerabilities on your devices.What protection or tools are available to protect my personal and company data against ransomware?There are several malware detection and prevention solutions available for both private and commercial use.The strength of anygood solution is its ability to update its database of signatures in a timely manner thereby reducing the potency of new threats andvulnerabilities. • It is recommended that investment be made in reliable, paid antivirus products that include automatic update modules and real-time scanners. • The management of all organizations that employ technology must understand the importance of having traffic-filtering solutions that provide proactive anti-ransomware protection.The prolific rate of technological advancement has provided several enhancements to the quality of life inTrinidad andTobago.Thepurpose of this article is to ensure that users of technology are aware of the potential risks and also assist in the development of asafe culture whilst maximizing the benefits of technology. 22

TShSkeicCmaammrdingChallenge Joneille JohnsonCorporate Communications OfficerI magine ordering your lunch at a popular fast food The Fraud Squad quickly gathered intelligence and discovered outlet. In the short space of time it takes to purchase that a group ofVenezuelan nationals were behind the so-called your meal via debit/credit card, your personal banking ‘Lebanese Loop’ scam and made the necessary arrests. Over data has been compromised.You are now a victim of the years, Fraud Squad has closed in on several other cardcard skimming, in a matter of minutes. In a legitimate point of skimming rings involving persons from South America,sale transaction, your personal information and funds are Bulgaria, Canada, Dominican Republic, Spain, Unitedstolen. Kingdom as well as deportees from the United States ofBut how exactly did this happen? In its simplest definition, card America. Since the 1994 ‘Lebanese Loop’ case, these scamsskimming is a type of debit/credit card theft where thieves use have become more and more refined, making it harder to fullya small device to steal card information in an otherwise eliminate.The evolution of these scams leads the Fraud Squadlegitimate transaction. When a card is swiped through a to work closely with the Cyber Crime Unit. Nevertheless, theskimmer, the device captures and stores all the details stored in Fraud Squad has remained staunchly committed to detecting,the card's magnetic strip.The thieves then use the stolen data solving and reducing the incidents of fraud and by extension allto make fraudulent purchases. Card skimmer devices are often card skimming scams inTrinidad andTobago.placed over the card swipe mechanism on Automated Teller Fast-forward to December 2016; banks across Trinidad andMachines (ATMs). With ATMs, the thieves may place a small, Tobago were affected by these types of scams. In Decemberundetectable camera nearby to record you entering your PIN. 2016 alone, one commercial bank was hardest hit and sufferedThis gives the thief all the information needed to make fake a TT$7.3 million loss in just under a week. Notably, the bankscards and withdraw cash from the cardholder's account. Quite were not the only ones affected by this, rather innocentoften, certain retail and restaurant workers who handle citizens were also affected by the sudden loss of their fundsdebit/credit cards are recruited to be part of card skimming from their personal accounts.rings. Most recently, in January 2017, Senior Superintendent (Ag.)Unfortunately, the popularity of this type of scam has steadily Totaram Dookhie of the Fraud Squad, assembled a ten manrisen due to the prevalence of electronic banking, which was team to conduct surveillance across the country and gather asfirst introduced inTrinidad andTobago in 1994. It is exactly this much information as possible on these rings. He also workedtype of card skimming ring that the Fraud Squad recently took closely with the Transnational Organised Crime Unit (TOCU)action against onApril 14th, 2017. However, this wasn’t the first and the Banker’sAssociation ofTrinidad andTobago (BATT), totime that a card skimming ring had operations inTrinidad and determine any trends or patterns in the thefts. On April 7th,Tobago. In 1994, the TTPS recorded its first card skimming Inspector (Ag.) Ramdhanie Dipchand and the other memberscase. While, not as sophisticated as more recent scams, this of his team gathered information that pointed to one person ofone used a standard method called the ‘Lebanese Loop’. interest;Akil Sullivan. 23

In 2016, one commercial bank was hardest hit and suffered a TT$7.3 million loss in just under a weekAfter conducting intense intelligence gathering exercises inthe Northern, Central and Southern Divisions; Sullivan wasarrested. Sullivan was charged for possession of counterfeitcards for the purpose of trafficking, possession of card makingequipment with intent that such equipment be used in themanufacture of counterfeit cards, possession of a certainforged document, namely; one Trinidad and Tobago Driver’sPermit and forgery of said document. Officers were also ableto arrest and charge two women who facilitated Sullivan in hisscam; Melissa Carrington and Jenna John. Both women,employees of a popular fast food restaurant, were jointlycharged for possession of card making equipment, with intentthat such equipment to be used in the manufacture ofcounterfeit cards. All three have made appearances before amagistrate and the matters have since been postponed.This case has allowed the Fraud Squad to gather invaluableinformation regarding the methods and means being used toconduct these scams. The information has led the team ofofficers to uncover an international card skimming ring thatthe Fraud Squad is working tirelessly to bring to justice. TheFraud Squad continues to develop strategies to bring downunscrupulous persons bent on profiting off the hard work ofthe innocent people of Trinidad andTobago.In addition to the efforts being made by the Fraud Squad,safety should be everyone’s priority. As such, the following arejust some simple tips that can help you avoid being a victim ofthis scam. • Inspect theATM or credit card reader before using it (be suspicious if you see anything loose, crooked, damaged, or if you notice scratches or adhesive/tape residue; use another machine). • When entering your PIN, block the keypad with your other hand to prevent possible hidden cameras from recording your number. • Do not allow your debit/credit card out of your sight and be vigilant when conducting transactions with concealed cashiers. • If possible, use an ATM at an inside location (less access for criminals to install skimmers). • If your card isn’t returned after the transaction or after hitting “cancel,” immediately contact the financial institution that issued the card. Royal Bank ofCanadaOfficialWebsite, ‘CommonSchemes andScams’ - http://www.rbcroyalbank.com/caribbean/privacy-and-security/common-schemes-and-scams.html Federal Bureau of InvestigationOfficialWebsite, ‘ATMSkimming’ - https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/atm-skimming 24

Investigating Financial Crimes in Trinidad and TobagoASP (Ag.), Wendell Lucas, LLB, LPC Financial Investigations Branch y way of a brief background, the Financial conjunction with our partners to further investigations in relation to these matters.B Investigations Branch (FIB) was established in, June 2011, by the Commissioner of Police by In relation to the Seizure and Forfeiture of the Proceeds of Departmental Order, in accordance with Regulation Crime:35 and 36 of the Police Service Regulations 2007, givingeffect to a decision of Cabinet. • The FIB has seized year ending 2016, USD882,939.00 andTTD5, 453,998.00 under the Proceeds of Crime Act.The FIB has as its main remit: • The investigations into Money Laundering • USD17,750.00 andTTD258,702.54 have been forfeited. • The investigations intoTerrorist Financing • There are several other matters, for which applications • The investigations into the Financing of the Proliferation ofWeapons of Mass Destruction for forfeiture are before the court in respect of those • The Seizure and Forfeiture of the Proceeds of matters. Crime For the year thus far, the FIB has seized TTD 991, 044.00 andTrinidad and Tobago underwent its 4th round Mutual USD6, 516.00 and three forfeiture applications have been laidEvaluation exercise in 2015 in keeping with the Financial before the court to forfeitTTD 24, 415.00 and USD 148, 022.00.Action Task Force standards – this is an international body The FIB continues to work with our many stakeholder and Lawwhich examines the effectiveness of a country’s Anti Money Enforcement partners including but not limited to the:Laundering/Counter Financing ofTerrorism systems. • Financial Intelligence UnitArising out of the Mutual Evaluation exercise, it was evident • Office of the Director of Public Prosecutionsthat the country had to ramp up on it efforts in combatting • Customs and Excise Divisionfinancial crimes. • Immigration Division • Registrar General’s DepartmentIn keeping with the aforementioned, the FIB has been able • Board of Inland Revenueto achieve the following successes: Internal partners:In relation to the Investigations of Money Laundering - • Fraud Squad • Organised Crime Narcotic and Firearms Bureau • The Branch has charged seventeen (17) persons from • Criminal Gang and Intelligence Unit which fifty one (51) money laundering charges have • CounterTrafficking Unit emanated. The sanctioned strength of the Financial Investigations Branch • The money value of those charges are TTD14, was augmented by Departmental Order No.6 of 2017. The 382,981.56 ; USD40,600.00. sanctioned strength now rests at 45 officers, compared to the previous sanctioned strength of 29, representing a 55%In relation to the Investigations ofTerrorist Financing: increase. • While there has been no prosecution in relation to Terrorist Financing, the FIB continues to work in 25

DNAPreservation& Collection No.16494 Corporal Lincoln Balkaran Criminal Records Office T he acronym DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. DNA is present in all human cells and contains a genetic code unique to each individual. DNA profiling, also known as ‘genetic fingerprinting’, is a scientific technique for the analysis of blood or other tissue samples. DNA samples are collected through the following methods: 1. non-intimate – • a sample of blood can be obtained by a prick of the finger, • a swabbing of the inside of the mouth against the cheek • hair (living hair complete with the hair root) 2. intimate sample - • a specimen of biological or other material taken from a person’s genitals • Person’s bodily orifice other than the mouth (any external opening of the body for example- the ears, eyes, anus, urethra etc.) DNA profiling has become a major investigative tool in many nations. The use of DNA in criminal investigations was made possible due to a breakthrough in research by British geneticist, Alec Jeffreys, and his colleagues in 1984. Their discovery led quickly to the idea of DNA profiling and its forensic applications in criminal investigations. 26

The first use of DNA profiling in a criminal investigation collected must contain DNA that is of high quantity andcame in 1986, when DNA was used to help convict a suspect quality to be capable of running on complex downstreamfor a double rape and murder in the UK (Jobling and Gill applications such as microarrays and next generation2004). Since then, forensic DNA analysis has gained sequencing to make identification.‘worldwide public and professional acceptance as a reliable Crime Scene Investigators (CSIs) processing a scene ofmeans of individual identification and has had a major crime have a crucial responsibility to find and preserveimpact on criminal justice systems. evidence. In the past, CSIs simply donned a pair of gloves and maybe a mask to filter out odours, and got to work.DNA evidence is increasingly vital to ensuring accuracy and Today this is not enough to protect scenes fromfairness in the administration of justice.There are a number unintentional contamination of evidence.of cases that are before the courts of Trinidad and Tobago Contamination is a serious problem that can ruin DNAwhere DNA evidence are critical elements in the evidence and jeopardize a criminal case.prosecution and defense case. For example, DNA evidence Today, more than ever, the quality of DNA evidence inwas used to exonerate an accused when, in 2008 , Madame criminal cases is scrutinized in the courtroom. BothJustice Joan Charles, presiding in the Port of Spain High defence and prosecuting attorneys look to the manner inCourt, was forced to discontinue hearing a matter in light of which evidence is collected and handled to bolster theirthe results of DNA testing. Quincy Jeremy was charged with cases. Many trials involve highly technical testimonyraping a woman and sexually assaulting her cousin as they about the chemistry and biology of DNA evidence andexited a maxi-taxi on the Priority Bus Route, in Bon Air, on the physics of how it was analyzed. But all that scienceNovember 18th, 2003. A DNA test of the rape kit taken from can easily be thrown out when the method of actuallythe victim proved he did not commit the rape. It was the first collecting the evidence is in question. It’s up to crimetime, the scientific technology was used in a rape trial and scene personnel to ensure that all the “I’s” are dotted andthe test was done at the request of the accused himself. A the “T’s” are crossed when, it comes to the evidence.matter is presently before the courts where DNA evidence is DNA Evidence can be found virtually anywhere. Peoplecritical - The state versus Kernel Charles and Devon Walker constantly shed DNA, there are 3,000,000,000,000 cellsfor murder of PC Barrath in 2008. in the human body and only about 100 are needed to obtain a DNA profile.DNA collected by members of the Trinidad and Tobago There are two types of DNA testing used in criminal andPolice Service is generally used to solve crimes in the non-criminal investigations:following ways: Mitochondrial DNA: • In cases where a suspect is identified, a sample of that Found in the cytoplasm of the cell- it runs along the person’s DNA can be compared to evidence from the maternal line - siblings share the same mitochondrial crime scene. The easiest type of DNA control sample to DNA with their mother, grandmother, etc... obtain is a buccal swab. A buccal swab involves swabbing the inside of a person's cheek with an Maternal Inheritance approved type of swab, for about 30 seconds, to secure the buccal cells that are found on the inside of the cheek. This is an example of how Mitochondrial DNA is passed If done properly, a full DNA profile can be obtained from through the maternal bloodline. The father has blue this swab.The results of this comparison, along with Mitochondrial DNA and the mother has red other evidence, may help establish whether the suspect Mitochondrial DNA. Only the mother’s DNA is passed to committed the crime. the children, both male and female. The female children will, in turn, pass the same Mitochondrial DNA on to their • In cases where a suspect has not yet been identified, children but the males will not pass the Mitochondrial biological evidence from the crime scene can be DNA on. examined and compared to profiles in DNA databases to help identify the perpetrator. • DNA can also be used in the identification of unidentified human remains or the resolution of missing person cases. • DNA can be utilized to exonerate persons mistakenly accused or convicted of crimes. • There is also the increased possibility of solving unresolved crimes by linking suspects, accused or detainees to past crimes through DNA.Most people are familiar with the expression “Garbage in,Garbage out”. Popular in the field of computer science, itimplies that incorrect or low quality input will result incorrespondingly poor output. This notion of “Garbage in,Garbage out” in DNA collection is relevant as samples 27

Short Tandem Repeat (STR) in DNAFound in the nucleus of the cell - most commonly used in criminal investigation casework. Short Tandem Repeat is the termused to describe when a sequence of DNA within a specific region is repeated numerous times. These are often referred toas microsatellites. These repeat units are typically a few base pairs long and directly follow each other. STR works bycounting the number of times each repeat occurs within that specific area on the chromosome.ExampleTTCCATTTGGAATGAATGAATGAATGAATGAATGATGAGTTTCAAWe can see that the sequence ATGA is repeated six times within this particular location. These are what we refer to as shorttandem repeats.Obtaining the requisite number of high quantity and quality samples can also be a considerable hurdle for CSIs. It isimperative that crime scene personnel take precautions to avoid contamination of DNA evidence:1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be worn at all times - a single hair or drop of sweat from an unprotected person could leave an unknown DNA sample at the scene.2. When collecting DNA samples, the crime scene investigator should change gloves and forceps after each item is collected, in order to avoid cross contamination between items of evidence.The proper collection and storage of biological evidence for DNA testing includes the following:1. Biological evidence should be allowed to air dry before packaging. - Ideally, it should be hung up in a clean dry room, away from direct sunlight.2. Biological evidence should be packaged in paper bags. - paper breathes, and allows the item of evidence to remain dry. - Plastic bags do not breathe, and can cause moisture and mould to grow on the evidence, which in turn can have a negative effect on DNA testing.3. Biological evidence should be stored under laboratory conditions as available resources permit - or in a cool, dry climate, free of moisture.4. Place liquid items in collection tubes and refrigerate. 28

Findingthe Shane JittaCorporate Communications Officerw hile the rest of the country enjoyed a festiveChristmas The recovery of Jaavikaar in less than 24 hours after his Eve in 2016, Sheila Sooknanan was praying for the abduction, illustrates clearly the commitment and swift safe return of her 16-year-old son, Jaavikaar George. action of the AKU, when information on a kidnapping is He was on his way to purchase a Christmas gift for a immediately reported to the police.loved one when the unthinkable happened. The teen, of Jaavikaar’sChristmas miracle is just one of the many successChandoo Lane, El Soccoro, was bundled into a motorcar by stories coming out of the AKU. In fact, the Unit has achievedfour men, sometime between 2:30pm and 3:00pm on an 88% success rate for 2016, in accounting for 714 of theDecember 24th, in the vicinity of the El Soccoro Secondary 809 persons reported missing.The trend continues this year,School. A ransom demand of $300,000 was subsequently with an 84% success rate in accounting for 277 persons, outmade by his kidnappers for his safe release. It was not only a of the 329 who have been reported missing thus far. In 2016,sleepless night for the distraught family of Jaavikaar but also there were three kidnappings for ransom reported, withfor; a party of officers of theAnti-Kidnapping Unit (AKU) of the none being reported thus far for this year.Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS), who would also The continuing successes can be attributed to the consistentspend that Christmas Eve night, working diligently and and committed work of AKU officers, in collaboration withtirelessly to ensure the teenager’s safe return to his loved ones. the various policing units and branches of the TTPS. TheFollowing extensive investigations by ASP (Ag.), Rishi Singh, AKU finds its roots in a 2006 Departmental Order (D.O.)Inspector (Ag.), Desmond Wilson, Sgt. Vaughn Narcis, Sgt. (Part II, Section 6), issued by the Commissioner of Police,Joseph Jagmohan, other officers of the AKU and the where an amendment was made to Standing Order No. 51Inter-Agency Task Force, the lawmen acting on information Paragraph 1.received, rescued the teenager around 8:00am on December The amendment to the D.O. resulted in the removal of the25th, 2016. 24-hour waiting period for a missing person’s case to beJaavikaar was found unharmed at a house at St. John Street, reported and investigated by theTTPS.The D.O. also servedLaventille, Port of Spain, and immediately reunited with his to reinvigorate efforts by the AKU to formulate certainfamily. 29

policy positions to ensure that reports of media and on digital billboards; greatly increasing the chances of thekidnappings and missing persons are acted person being found, with the assistance of concerned citizens. The closeon immediately. levels of communication between the two units also ensure that when aThe issuance of the Order is evidence of the person is found, the citizenry is notified.organisation’s ability to adapt its policing A keen understanding of human behavior is also important for officers ofstrategies to meet the demands of the safety the AKU, since not all missing persons cases may involve foul play or aand security landscape of the country. serious offence. There is the understanding that adults can consciouslyThe subsequent policy changes which and temporarily put space and time between themselves and thefollowed were based on the rationale that a stressors of their lives, without informing others about their decision. Thisperson who has an interest in the wellbeing however does not extend to minors. Adults who go missing may includeof another, should be able to provide those with high risk lifestyles, (gang members and drug users) those whoinformation at the earliest opportunity in an have a history of victimization and domestic violence and those with aeffort to secure the wellbeing of their loved physical or cognitive disorder. Some persons simply do not wish to beones. It is also based on the notion that there found. Meanwhile, children, especially teenagers may go missing for ashould be no delays in the search for a variety of social reasons, such as desiring to pursue romanticmissing person, since anything can befall the relationships, living with abusive family members and not beingindividual and it gives the police the comfortable at home.opportunity to prevent and detect a very The AKU advises that if a child feels the need to leave home or begins toserious crime from being committed. have thoughts about leaving home without informing their parent orAccording to the now established policy, it is guardian, they should first speak with a responsible and trusted adult,the duty of police officers to record and such as a school teacher or guidance officer. Such individuals can seekaccept without delay, any report of a missing additional assistance for the child, by contacting the Children’s Authorityperson from an informant and no officer may Hotline at 996 or 800-2014, Childline at 800-4321 or 313, or the nearestrefuse to accept any missing person report. police station If an adult wishes for ‘space and distance’, they can eitherBio-data on the missing individual, including inform someone they trust about their intention or go to the nearestspecific identification information and facts police station. The officer on duty should be informed about theirsurrounding their disappearance, are then situation, in the event someone seeks to make a report about theirrecorded. The data assists in analyzing the disappearance, they will be informed that the subject does not want to besituation which might have befallen that found.person and an investigator appointed to thecase. Thereafter, officers are dispatched tocanvass the area where the person was lastseen, with the view of gathering informationand evidence which can lead to the recoveryof the subject.The prevalence of missing persons inTrinidadand Tobago, has led the AKU to devisestrategic interventions and policies to ensureall persons are accounted for in theirinvestigations.The prioritization of high risk matters andpartnerships with other units and branchesof theTTPS, ensures that there are sufficientboots on the ground actively searching formissing persons, while, outreach activities,such as lectures and media engagementinitiatives, serve to boost the public’sconfidence in the AKU and publiccooperation.TheAKU also partners closely with the PublicAffairs Unit of theTTPS, to have informationand images of missing persons disseminatedin a timely manner via the media, social 30

The work of the AKU remains focused on ensuring the safe return of missing persons totheir loved ones, and the sensitization of the public about those individuals who are yet tobe found. The success of the Unit, however, is dependent on information supplied to it byresponsible individuals who have vested interests in the welfare of others *Articles reprinted from the Express, Newsday and Guardian with approval. \"Home Alone Children\" safety tips When children have to be home alone ensure that they: • Check in with you or a trusted neighbour immediately after arriving home. • Know the various emergency numbers to call when necessary, or call the operator. • Know the directions to your home, in case of an emergency. • Never accept gifts or rides from people they don't know well. • Know how to use the door and window locks, and the alarm system if you have one. • Never let anyone into your home without asking your permission. • Never let a caller at the door or on the phone know that they're alone. • Carry a house key with them in a safe place (inside a shirt pocket or sock). Do not leave it under a mat or on a ledge outside the house. • Know How to escape in case of fire. • Do not go into an empty house or apartment if things don't look right - a broken window, ripped screen, or opened door. • Ensure you know where your children are. Have your children tell you or ask permission before leaving the house and give them a time to check in or be home. When possible, have them leave a phone number of where they will be. • Get to know your children's friends and keep a list of their phone numbers. If you can't meet their parents, call and talk to them. Ask what your children might do at their house and if they will be supervised. • Choose a safe house in your neighbourhood. Pick a neighbour's house where your children can go if they need help. Point out other places they can go for help, like stores, libraries, and police stations. 31

SHoowcisial Media Shane Jitta Corporate Communications OfficerImpacting Public Perception of the TTPST he utilisation of social media platforms, Facebook, re-tweets and positive comments in response to daily posts Twitter and YouTube, by the Trinidad and Tobago are indicative of the broad support which the organization Police Service (TTPS), is now fully entrenched in the enjoys and the encouraging direction in which the public’s communication strategy of the organization. As such, perception is headed.social media continue to play an important role in The Public Affairs Unit (PAU), which is the unit responsiblecommunicating the crime fighting successes and public service for managing the social media strategy of the TTPS,announcements to an online following, which registers strong continues to take note of the feedback which is posted bygrowth on a daily basis. members of the public on its Facebook and Twitter pages.The TTPS Facebook page has a base of over Many of the comments, which convey sentiments of appreciation and praise for officers for their crime fighting92,068 likes (as of June 30th 2017) successes and community interactions, show the high regard with which the work of therepresenting a 498% increase in likes from May 2015, and TTPS is held. Other interactionsaveraging, 500 likes per week. The potential reach of this on the platforms include,platform is estimated to be 56,555 followers per month, which citizens providingmeans there is lots of room for growth for the page. In thesame vein, the TTPS Twitter account continues to accumulateon average, 100 followers per fortnight, and boasts a healthyfoundation of 10,845 followers (as of June 30th 2017).Given these significant gains for the organization’s onlinepresence, the TTPS is keen to continue optimising theseexpanding platforms for more campaigns and engagement ofthe public on solutions to crime.Trinidad andTobago’s social media community is notonly vibrant, but also very opinionated andinterested in the work of the TTPS, as evidenced bythe high traffic to the pages, reactions to the postingof media releases, Public Service Announcements,photographs, campaigns, such as ‘WantedWednesdays’, ‘Open and Closed Cases’, ‘Help FindMe’ and ‘Help Solve My Murder’, as well as, oureducational campaigns on ‘Domestic Violence’,‘Child Abuse’ and ‘Seasonal SafetyTips’.The platforms therefore, offer a great opportunity for thepublic to be made aware of the extensive work being doneby the committed officers of the TTPS. In turn, publicperception about the TTPS, continues to be positivelyinfluenced by its investment in the use of social media.While there is still some skepticism which cannot be ignored,the analytics of the two platforms do show consistentlystrong and positive feedback from members of the public forthe work being done by the TTPS. The likes, shares,32

information on criminal activities in their communities, which points to the high levels of trust imbued in theTTPS by the public. These tips are then acted upon by investigators, cementing the notion that the public plays a large role in policing efforts and that successes are the result of the mutual concerns of making every place in Trinidad and Tobago safe. The use of social media to advertise the organisation’s job vacancies and other recruitment initiatives, also enables it to fully capitalize on its vast reach and get the widest possible pool of applicants for the positions. For instance, a ‘Career Opportunities’ advertisement posted to the Facebook page in February 2017, reached almost 154,000 persons and was shared over 2,000 times, while a ‘PoliceRecruitment’ video on the same platform racked up over 700,000 viewsand counting.The overwhelming response to these posts, has helped to solidify theTTPS’ faith in the use of social media in connecting with keydemographics. In turn, the public continues to rely heavily on TTPSposts coming to their newsfeeds, to keep them informed, updated andeducated about policing matters and successes. The platformstherefore offer the organization an economical, reliable and readilyaccessible conduit to grow and polish its brand and image, therebyimproving public perception.As social media continue to evolve, adding new interactive features toits core functions, the TTPS will only stand to benefit from thisevolution, as it provides a constant stream of information on its crimefighting initiatives and successes to a very perceptive online audience.Also, given the potential for growth in the ever growing social mediafollowing, the organization is expected to continue reaching morepeople in the months to come and build upon the foundation of thepositive public perception it currently enjoys. 33

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MINISTRY OF NATIONAL SECURITYNATIONSECURING THET he Ministry of National Security is guided by its • Decentralization of the Police Service manpower and organizational mission to create an environment leadership over a regional sub-structure. A Manpower which ensures public safety and security through the Audit Committee was established and submitted its maintenance of law and order and the commitment initial report in March 2017.of all available resources to the protection of life andproperty. • Introduction of a video conferencing system at theTo ensure this responsibility is fulfilled, the Ministry of Remand Yard, of the Trinidad and Tobago PrisonNational Security has adopted a Whole-of-Ministry Service. The project should be completed before theapproach to treat with crime and criminality, which is end of this fiscal year.consistent with the Whole-of-Government approach beingused to address our country’s overall challenges. • The engagement of a DNA Custodian in January 2017.The Ministry’s various Divisions and agencies have thus been • The establishment of an Immigration Advisoryaligned so as to strengthen information sharing and todeliver a multi-pronged and collaborative approach to Committee in April 2017, with case hearings beginningeffectively address national security and public safety in May 2017.matters inTrinidad andTobago. • The implementation of an Electronic MonitoringTo furnish all Divisions with the capability to perform System for persons convicted of certain categories ofefficiently and fulfill their responsibilities to the citizenry, the crime. A manager and deputy manager were engagedMinistry works continuously to provide all necessary inApril 2017, and office space outfitted.resources, equipment, manpower and training. • The purchase of 140 vehicles for the Police Service.Some current and ongoing development projects include: • The construction of Fire Stations and Police Stations. • The establishment of over 20 Cadet Units in fiscal year • The establishment of a Joint Border PatrolAgency. 2017. • The establishment of Municipal Police Constabularies These initiatives are all focused on strengthening the overall and the recruitment of 800 Constables. The first delivery of quality service by the Ministry of National Security intake of 180 candidates completed written exams in via all Divisions under its remit. Through such strategic April 2017. initiatives, the Ministry envisions improvement in its internal systems and procedures, which will positively impact the society at large.The Ministry continues unceasingly to uphold its responsibility to make Trinidad and Tobago a safer and more secure environment for all. 35

PCA sensitizes Police TraineesT he Police Complaints PCA Director, David West, takes a question from an officer at the Authority’s (PCA) Police Academy. Community OutreachProgamme commenced in During the outreach meetings, the Director emphasises to the2012 and was designed as a trainees that the PCA is NOT the enemy of the TTPS, butconversation between the rather the PCA and the TTPS are two independent bodiesPCA and its stakeholders, to which both want to ensure that the TTPS adheres to theeducate and sensitize the highest standards in the execution of its duties; has a positivepublic on the role and image and is respected in the public’s eye.responsibilities of the PCA. The Director also informs the trainees that the PCA may provide a layer of protection for police officers against whomIn September of 2015, the complaints are made, if, after investigation, the complaint isPCA took this conversation not substantiated, as that determination would have beento the Trinidad and Tobago made by an independent body. The Director also explains thatPolice Service (TTPS) when police officers can make complaints to the PCA and allthe Director was invited for the first time by the Police complaints receive the strictest level of confidentiality.Academy, to speak to graduates at the St. JamesBarracks. The Director has been given the opportunity tocommunicate with trainees every year since. At theseOutreach meetings, the Director sensitizes the traineeson a number of topics relevant to both the PCA and TTPSincluding:- • Brief history of the PCA; • The roles and functions of the PCA; • The powers of the PCA; • Remit of the PCA; • How to make a complaint/ complaint process; • Independence of the Authority; • Process/ conclusions of Investigations; • Difference between the PCA and Police Complaints Division; and • Confidentiality. 36

Police recruits at the Police Academy.These topics of discussion often encourages a great deal of feedback and questions fromtrainees. The matrix below summarises some of the discussions on these issues at theoutreach meetings:-Summary of feedback and/or questions PCA’s ResponseCan any type of complaint be made Complaints made against police o cer(s) must fall within the remit of the PCA, which includes allegations of -against a police o cer? (a) police corruption; (b) serious police misconduct; (c) the commission of a criminal o ence by a police o cer; or (d) the commission of a criminal o ence by any other person but involving a police o cer.How can a police o cer who makes a Section 21(4) of the PCA Act provides -“Notwithstanding any written law to the contrary, information andreport against a fellow o cer be evidence obtained by the Authority in the performance of its function under this Act is con dential.” Inassured of the PCA’s con dentiality? addition, as per Section 47 (h) (iii) of the PCA Act, a person who- “without lawful justi cation or excuse - discloses con dential information;… commits an o ence and is liable on summary conviction to a ne of fty thousand dollars and to imprisonment for ve years.” The PCA adheres to strict levels of con dentiality especially amongst its sta . All members of sta are required to sign con dentiality agreements.Why is the PCA in existence when there The PCA is the ONLY body empowered by law to investigate complaints involving serious policeis a Police Complaints Division (PCD)? misconduct, police corruption and criminal o ences involving police o cers. The PCD is a relic of the old 1993 PCA Act where, once a complaint is made to the PCA Board, the PCA would send the complaint to the PCD to investigate. This is no longer the situation.How independent is the PCA from The PCA is an independent body and is not subject to the direction or control of any other person in thepolitical in uence? performance of its functions and the exercise of it powers. The PCA is solely accountable to Parliament and not to any politician and there is no risk of political interference into the operations of the PCA.What happens after an investigation is Upon completion of the PCA’s investigation, the Authority shall, where deemed necessary, take action incompleted by the PCA? accordance with the PCA Act by making recommendations to the relevant authorities. These authorities include the Commissioner of Police, the Director of Public Prosecutions, the Police Service Commission, and in matters where an authority outside the State is concerned, the Attorney General. Thereafter, the Complainant is immediately informed of the action taken and the reasons of the Authority. If a recommendation has been made and the matter is sent to the authorities, the defaulting o cer is also informed. 37

Child protection is everyone’s responsibility and we all have a role to protect our children from perpetrators of abuseCHILD ABUSEKNOWTHESIGNSOFC hild abuse can be prevented. However, it requires touching a secret or any secrets in general. communities and families to work together to provide • Know your child’s friends – Get to know the adults and safe, stable, and nurturing environments that are free from abuse and neglect. other children with whom your child interacts.Very often we repeat the old adage that it takes a village to • Always listen – Listen to children when they express araise a child, but it is also possible that the same village mayallow a child to be abused as people stay silent or turn a blind concern about an adult who interacts with them.eye, even when there is concern about changes in a child’s • Seek help – Seek help when under stress to help you tobehaviour.The reluctance to report child abuse often stems from persons cope with feelings, so that your stress levels do notbeing fearful of reprisal if the abuser finds out that they made a impact your ability to parent effectively.report. As a result, the Children’s Authority established its 996 •Talk about it – Often times, children may feel ashamed toand 800-2014 hotline, through which the public can make report incidents of abuse. It is important that parents andreports anonymously. This anonymity has been one of the caregivers maintain open communication with childrenreasons for the huge number of calls from the public, including to allow them to feel comfortable to report any incidentsfamily members or neighbours. or concerns they may have.The Authority has been repeating its mantra to parents, • Stay Alert – Be wary of physical changes in your childrenguardians and the general public that they must be vigilant in and know the non-physical signs of child abuse.ensuring the safety of children. Some guidelines given includethe following: Over the past few months, the Authority has been engaging parents, caregivers, teachers and coaches to help them • No secrets – Inform children to never keep inappropriate better identify signs of neglect, physical, sexual and emotional child abuse. They are advised that the manifestation of child abuse differs based on the age of the child, developmental stage, frequency and severity of the maltreatment, number and degree of risk factors as well as 38

protective factors. Also of note is that signs or indicators on their own do not confirm childabuse and several factors together may suggest child abuse or reason to be concerned.Thepublic is also reminded that no particular type of child is typically a victim.Signs of child physical abuse which can be both physical and behavioural: • Multiple injuries or fractures at different stages of healing • Explanations that do not fit the injury • A high frequency of injury • Swollen areas, bruises, lacerations, marks, cigarette burns • Broken bones • Puncture marks • Missing hair • Aggression, defiant or acting out • Destructive or risk-taking behaviour • Defensiveness about his or her behaviour or injuries • Comes to school too early or does not want to leave schoolSigns of child sexual abuse, which can present as both • Poor personal hygienephysical and behavioural indicators: • Injuries where medical care has been delayed or avoided • Injuries from a lack of supervision •Unexplained or persistent pain or itching in the genital • Persistent hunger or inadequate nutrition (no lunch or area or throat snacks) • Pregnancy • School uniform appears dirty, dishevelled, wrinkled • Sexually transmitted diseases • Failure to thrive (no medical reasons) • Difficulty walking or sitting • Does not respond to affection or stimulation • Bruising or injuries to the body • Frequently late or absent from school • Vaginal odour or discharge • Over-responsibility for siblings in school • Nightmares or insomnia, sleeping away in class • Hoarding or stealing food • Poor school performance, difficulty focusing in classroom • Low self esteem • Age inappropriate sexual knowledge or behaviours • Craves attention • Forcing or coercing other children to engage in sexual play Perpetrator indicators related to the parent or caregiver’s • Excessive masturbation, frequent trips to washroom behaviours include: • Inappropriate sexual boundaries • Showing unrealistic high expectations of the child • Unexplained gifts, new clothes or money • Showing limited concern about the child’s well-being or • Reluctance to undress or take showers after sports • Regressive childhood behaviours e.g. bed wetting, sucking condition • Perceiving the child as bad or blaming the child for of thumb • Change in usual demeanour or behaviours complaints received • Reluctance to go home • Resistance to discussing the child’s condition with • Seemingly irrational and excessive fear of things such as educators, medical practitioners or other professionals objects, smells, places, doctor or nurse’s visits, etc. (these things may be associated with the abuse) The above signs are guidelines and it is hoped that people will • High levels of anxiety, depression, anger, disruptive use them to be more observant about possible changes in the behaviours children under their care or interact with frequently. • Self-esteem issues, shame and guilt • Self-harm, suicidal attempts or thoughts Child protection is everyone’s responsibility and we all have a • Wariness or defensiveness, fearfulness when questioned role to protect our children from perpetrators of abuse and nurture them in an environment that encourages theirSigns of child emotional abuse: development. • Aggressive behaviour • Guilt, withdrawal, isolation If you suspect child abuse, make that call now to 996 or • Learned helplessness 800-2014. Remember,calls can be made anonymously. • Overly passive behaviour • Bed wetting and or diarrhoea • Self-harm • Chronic crying • Fear of failure, overly high standards or reluctance to play • Attempts at running away.Signs of child neglect, which can present as both physicaland behavioural indicators: 39

CSP Partnering withPolice Youth Clubs -Empowering today’s Youth for aBrighter Tomorrow Citizen Security Programme facilitates a training session for Police Youth Club Leaders conducted by Aileen Bruce, Social Work and Project Management Professional. Gregory Sloane-Seale, MSc. The PYC is a significant Programme Coordinator mechanism supporting Citizens Security Programme (CSP) positive youth development, particularlyT he Citizen Security Programme (CSP) is an initiative of the in communities that lack Ministry of National Security, whose goal is to contribute to the reduction of crime and violence in ‘high needs’ services and/or communities throughout Trinidad and Tobago. The CSP programmes for youthwill accomplish this through the financing of preventativeinterventions, addressing the most proximal and modifiable riskfactors for crime and violence. 40

The programme’s focus on community action incorporates PYCs appear to have contributed to peer-to-peersupport of Police Youth Clubs (PYCs). This collaboration interaction, feelings of belonging and improved sense ofenables such clubs to execute police led community based self. PYC members, parents and key informantsprojects, as well as to increase the scope and effectiveness of associated with the clubs all indicated that thestrategic police engagements within communities to develop involvement of members in the PYCs has supportedtrusting relationships and responsiveness to the community’s improved behaviour and positive attitudes. Committedsocial needs. and passionate leadership, together with a soundIn order to be evidence based, PYCs must be founded grounding in youth development appear to be significantfirstly on a review of the current levels and types of factors in the most highly rated PYCs. The quality ofactivity within existing clubs and secondly, on an leadership was also identified as a defining factor in theassessment of the overall effectiveness of PYCs over a resilience of PYCs, despite the limited financial and otherperiod of time. Given that there was no readily available support from the TTPS. The evaluation also noted thatdocumentation providing such a review and assessment, the PYC intervention may be insufficient to improvethe CSP contracted a consultant to conduct an evaluation police-community relations, despite the fact that PYCsof PYCs across the country. appear to have a positive effect on residents’ perceptionComing out of this assessment the following was evident: of specific PYC Leaders.Relevance - The PYC is a significant mechanism As a result of this evaluation the CSP financed the trainingsupporting positive youth development, particularly in of over 120 PYC leaders in key areas to strengthen thecommunities that lack services and/or programmes for efficiency and effectiveness of their service delivery.youth. The PYCs offer an opportunity for young people to These included inter alia (1) strategic planning, (2) projectinterface with peers, form respectful child/adult management (3) proposal writing (4) financialrelationships and engage in activities and programmes management (5) monitoring and evaluation (6) youththat may not be accessible without the PYC. The overall development approaches to name a few.relevance of the PYC can be improved though more The University of the West Indies, through Dr. Dianneeffective recruitment of young people deemed ‘at risk’, Williams, completed the relevant training of the PYCcoupled with programming aimed at addressing the Leaders in 2015. The CSP continues to work closely withneeds of different age cohorts and those facing specific numerous clubs in both referral of youths to theirdevelopment deficits. programmes and facilitating funding for specific projectsEffectiveness - Evidence of the impact of PYC i.e. holiday camps, sporting and audio visual equipmentinterventions on youth was limited but generally positive. and the procurement of an 11-seater van for the St. James Club. See ‘Making PYCs part of Your CSR’ on page 42Vacation safety tips• Ask a trusted friend or neighbour to keep an eye on your house while you're away. He or she should also have your contact information and a copy of your itinerary in case of emergencies.• Think twice about posting your detailed vacation plans on social media -- especially if that information is visible to internet users other than your friends and family (and it probably is).• Be careful what you say on your answering machine or voice mail too. Callers do not need need to know that you are not home – they just need to know that you cannot come to the phone right now.• Consider notifying the police if you are going on vacation. You may also want to contact your local neighbourhood watch program if there is one in your area.• Leave your curtains exactly as you usually keep them when you're home, since noticeable changes could hint that you are not around. Move expensive items, like jewellery or computers, out of plain sight if they are visible from the window.• Do not leave your lights on at home throughout your entire vacation in an effort to make it look like someone is in the house. Instead, purchase a light switch timer that can turn your lights on and off automatically according to a programmed schedule.• Either place a \"stop\" order on mail or arrange to have a friend or neighbour pick up your mail while you are away.• Unplug your television, computer, and other appliances to protect them from power surges. 41

‘Making PYCsPart of Your CSR’ Shane JittaCorporate Communications OfficerH ome is both a special place and a special word. In its PYC members are all smiles as they are embraced by His Excellency physical sense, it is where we can feel safe, secure and AnthonyThomas AquinasCarmona, President of the Republic ofTrinidad comfortable. The word also evokes feelings of unity, andTobago, following a visit to President's House. belonging and warmth. The PoliceYouth Club (PYC)Organisation, provides a home for their young members; safe, Members, between ages 5-25, are exposed to programmesnurturing and educational environments which have positive and initiatives such as sports and sporting competitions,impacts on their development. These spaces or ‘homes’ are camps, field trips, musical concerts, national culturalimportant for the stability, continuity and fulfilment of the competitions (e.g. Prime Minister’s Best Village Trophymandate of the PYCs, which includes; promoting a feeling of Competition), environmental conservation, charity events andnationalism amongst the youth of the nation, encouraging academics.youths to participate in physical, cultural, sporting, educationaland spiritual activities, and preparing youths for theresponsibilities of adulthood.There is now a total of one hundred and twenty (120) PoliceYouth Clubs and 11,900 members operating within the ninedivisions of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS),assisting youths in the development of healthy lifestyles and, insome instances, giving them a home away from home. 42

The work of the PYCs resonates both socially and An analysis of the PYC programme by the Crime and Problemeconomically, with many past members making valuable Analysis Branch in 2015, indicates that the involvement ofcontributions to society and exemplifying what it means to be youth members in the PYCs has supported improved behavioran upstanding citizen ofTrinidad andTobago. and positive attitudes. TTPS is therefore of the view that fullyThese successes would not be possible without the security of functioning PYCs have a positive contribution to youtha home from which the clubs can operate effectively and development and prevention/reduction of crime. This view isconsistently hold their meetings and store their equipment. aptly supported by the fact that the Port of Spain, Southern,Out of the 120 clubs in the country, only 15 have a place to call Western, Northern and Central Divisions all showed ahome. This highlights the need for greater support by downward trend for a four year period (2012-2015), in Minorcorporate Trinidad and Tobago, private citizens and and Serious Crimes, in areas where PYCs were located andGovernment, to assist the groups in fulfilling their mandate operated.and realizing their true potential. Despite the challenges faced by the PYCs, such as findingAs a result of this situation, the clubs without homes have to permanent homes for their members and insufficient financialconduct their meetings when their district community centers support, a 2010 report by the Citizen Security Programmeor someone’s house is available for use.This is a major setback, found that the clubs have managed to sustain the interest ofas most times, these spaces are only available on weekends, members, conduct activities and support youth development.presenting a challenge and frustration to youth club leaders to PYCs it said, ‘demonstrate a great deal of resilience andeffectively fulfill the mandate of the PYCs. In contrast, the capacity to achieve’.PYCs that do have accommodation are better able to fulfill Only a few corporate citizens have been very supportive of thetheir mandate, as they are not limited to having just one day a youth clubs, while others are yet to capitalize on this excellentweek, in which to facilitate the needs of their members or plan opportunity to embrace PYCs as part of their Corporate Socialtheir activities. Responsibility (CSR) mandate, to help ensure these vital hubsThe disparities in functionality among the PYCs present a of youth activities remain in existence. By contributing muchchallenge for theTTPS, since the clubs continue to play a major needed resources, assistance and offering homes to the PYCsrole in curbing minor crimes in the areas where they are in a meaningful way, corporate Trinidad and Tobago canlocated. benefit from being associated with some of the most exceptional and gifted young people in the 43

country and their stellar achievements in various fields of civic minded individuals work alongside police officers, to helpendeavor. The National Gas Company (NGC) and Petrotrin with the safety and upbringing of the youth club members.are two state owned entities which have already forged The work of parents in PYCs is evidence that the guiding handsmutually beneficial partnership with PYCs, (See NGC Article and lessons of responsible adults are crucial for thepage 47) while the private sector is yet to do so in a strategic development of youths.and earnest way. With dozens of clubs now located in each of The old saying ‘home is where the heart is’, directly applies tothe nine policing divisions across the country, corporate PYC members, as they are able to feel comfortable and secureTrinidad and Tobago can take that first step to fulfil their CSR in any space in which they congregate to execute theirwith a PYC of their choosing.As recent as March 6th 2017, the activities, interact with their fellow colleagues, build lifelongCunupia Police Youth Club partnered with the Chaguanas relationships and above all, have fun. Indeed Police YouthBorough Corporation, to turn the sod to commence the Clubs have demonstrated their tenacity for tapping into theconstruction of its club house and homework centre at potential, creativity and resourcefulness of the nation’s youthRamsaranTrace, Cunupia. Such acts of generosity serve to lay for the past 40 years and are undoubtedly poised to continuethe foundations for a flourishing and active PYC, while welcoming many more young hearts and minds into theirsimultaneously reducing the occurrence of crime in the area. folds.PYCs also receive donations from concerned citizens, as well Community Policing Secretariat,as from other stakeholders throughout Trinidad and Tobago, 5th Floor Riverside Plaza,however, the clubs’ main source of funding, comes through Besson Street, Port of Spain.limited government subventions.They also hold fundraisers to Phone: (868) 622-2156/ 622-2568help with the overall upkeep and needs of the members andthe club. The parents of youth club members have alsodonated resources to PYCs, such as musical instruments,meals and money in some instances.Furthermore, parents volunteer their time at the clubs, helpingwith the home work centers, teaching the children spiritualawareness, etiquette, and music, among other things. These 44

Police Youth Club Members’ ProfilesPoliceYouth Clubs have proven themselves as environments which nurture young people whohave a passion for excellence and a great interest in their own personal development.All PYC members have fond and great memories of their time in the clubs, whether they heldleadership positions, ventured on exciting excursions, excelled in their academics or simplyexperienced their self-esteem grow and flourish.Most importantly, all PYC members have a unique and heartfelt story to tell. Here are theirexperiences in their own words: The Hon. Ayanna Webster-Roy Minister of State in the Office of the Prime Minister, holding the portfolios of Gender and Child Affairs, Ecclesiastical Affairs and Central Administration Services. Member of Parliament for Tobago East. Founding member of the Roxborough Police Youth Club and currently serving on the Roxborough PoliceYouth Club’s 25thAnniversary Committee. Being a part of the Roxborough PYC as a child, greatly influenced my dreams to enter the realm of politics to enrich the lives of my fellowmen. The youth club afforded me the opportunity to build my self-confidence as I was naturally shy and reserved. As I immersed myself in the activities of the club, my public speaking skills improved and I found that the experiences had a positive impact on my character. I learned important values of respect and volunteerism, which would later on, have significant importance in my ability to enter public life. As I reflect on those precious years as a PYC member, I must encourage young people ofTrinidad andTobago to join a club nearest to them, as I am certain it will assist in their self-development as it has with mine. I also see a role for corporate Trinidad and Tobago in becoming invested and involved in PYCs and effecting meaningful social change through these very important hubs of activity. The need for corporate Trinidad and Tobago to assist in the development of PYCs is great at the moment since Government cannot do it alone. 45

Stacy Pemberton PYC: Sangre Grande I was a member of the Sangre Grande PYC for ten years. I found it to be a great experience to interact with youths of my age bracket. During my time there I learned ballroom dancing, tailoring, cake decorations and how to read music. I also participated in a number of leadership activities such as holding various positions in theYouth Arm Committee, including Acting Treasurer, Secretary and Chairperson. This experience helped me become a leader, build my self-confidence and create success in whatever field I pursued. I would recommend joining a PYC to any young person wanting to get involved in any para-military organisation, so that they would be grounded, understand the role of peer pressure and become a better individual in society. Because of all my experiences as a member of a PYC, I was able to achieve a BSc. In Computer Science and an MSc in Project Management. I am now a project coordinator with theTTPS, lending my experience to the organisation.Justin BurkePYC: Maraval/ParaminI am eighteen (18) years of age and attended Belmont Boys’Secondary R.C.School.I’ve been involved in the Maraval/ Paramin PYC since 14th August 2013, when I wasinvited to join by a friend. During that time, I’ve been fortunate to develop thecharacteristics of a good leader and role model to many persons, not only within theClub, but also in my community. Thus far, the club has afforded me the opportunity torealise the importance of setting goals and working diligently towards them.I joined the PoliceYouth Club, because I viewed it as a place where I could be exposed todifferent opportunities, which will enable me to develop a variety of skills in becominga productive citizen in society.The leaders,Officer Roberts, Miss Myer and Mr.Jones always encouraged us to strive for excellence and to be the bestthat we can be through their many lectures and one-on-one talks. They showed us how much they believed in us andencouraged us to believe in ourselves, in fact we work together as a family. One of my major accomplishments, thusfar, as being a member of the Maraval/ Paramin PYC happened in May 2016, when there was an opening for two (2)persons to be trained as Camp Counsellors atY.M.C.A. Stephon Dass PYC: Felicity I am 17 years of age and attendCouva East Secondary School. I have been a member of the Felicity PYC since its opening in 2012. Because of the Club; I was given the motivation to accomplish my goals.When I first joined the PYC, I was a very shy and timid child, but during the course of the years, I became a very brave and outspoken person because of the experiences gained in the PYC, by doing public speeches for our events like Mother’s and Father’s Day, IndianArrival Day, Divali and Christmas programmes. At our PYC meetings, I gave inspirational speeches to the kids of the Club such as ‘Acting against discrimination’. I also learnt to be a better influence in society to make the PYC and my parents proud and how to manage my time wisely. I wrote the January 2016 CSEC exams in 4 subjects without completing the syllabus at school and obtained distinctions in Mathematics and Principles of Business and two Grade 2s in English and Principles ofAccounts. At present I am in Form 6 and preparing for my CAPE exams. 46

NGC’S INVOLVEMENTWITH POLICE YOUTHCLUBSA fter managing a robust Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme since 1994, NGC expanded its youth development portfolio to include the sponsorship of PoliceYouth Clubs, in 2014. Our CSR programme is derived from our corporate vision, mission and values and comprises four (4) pillars: 1. Arts and culture 2. Education 3. Empowerment and youth development. 4. SportThe inclusion of Police Youth Clubs (PYCs) was viewed as integral to the development of well-rounded youths throughinvolvement in meaningful activities, as well as to support the efforts of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS), as itsought to build bonds with communities and foster positive values among the youth.For an initial period of one year, Penal PoliceYouth Club Personal DevelopmentNGC sponsored PYCs in Beetham ProgrammeGardens, Couva, La Brea and Couva PoliceYouth Club Personal DevelopmentLaventille Road. Following Programmeassessment at the end of thatyear, an extension was sought fora three year arrangement (2014 to2016) with the addition of anotherclub - the Penal PoliceYouthClub.The main elements of NGC’sassistance are: • Provision of financial assistance to the Clubs; • Provision of guidance and technical support to assist the Clubs in reaching the highest standards of professionalism; • Provision of qualified personnel to assist in the operations of the Clubs, for example, education assistance through homework centres and remedial education programmes; • Provision of training sessions, workshops and overall capacity building for leaders and coordinators of the Clubs; • Provision of monitoring and assessment measures.Each sponsorship is governed by a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)amongst NGC, the respective PoliceYouth Club, the Trinidad and Tobago PoliceYouth Club Organisation (TTPYCO) and the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service(TTPS).This MOU details each party’s responsibilities towards ensuring a positiveand effective partnership. Access to funding is based on submission of a workplan, which must be approved by NGC. Funds are disbursed to suppliers ofservices who must be registered on NGC’s list of contractors.A company liaison from NGC’s Community Relations Department is assigned toeach club and is responsible for ensuring that: • there is an ongoing communication link between company and club; • reporting requirements are met; 47

• work plans are submitted for La Brea PoliceYouth Club displaying their approval before implementation; medals from their Swimming Programme Laventille Road PoliceYouth Club at • quarterly assessments are carried Emancipation Steelband Festival out on the state of the partnership.This year, the Mayaro Police YouthClub was added to the suite of NGC-sponsored PoliceYouth Clubs.NGC emphasises youth development,because we believe that when weprovide support for our youth, give themthe tools to succeed, place them inpositive and uplifting environments andopen doors of opportunity to them, weare investing in the sustainabledevelopment of our country. Ourchildren are our ultimate naturalresource. They will be the leaders; they will be the innovators; theywill be the workers and they will shape the Trinidad and Tobago ofthe future. No other investment we make – whether in energy,industry, infrastructure or the economy – can produce such profounddividends for our society.We look forward to ourevolving relationshipwith the leaders andfacilitators of the PoliceYouth Clubs whounderstand their role inthe greater scheme ofthings, and embracetheir responsibilities fornational developmentwith passion and civicpride. Our children are our ultimate natural resource. They will be the leaders;they will be the innovators; they will be the workers and they will shape the Trinidad and Tobago of the future. 48