Education Hub Magazine-2

CONTENTS 21EDUCAMTAIOGNAZHINUEB PUBLISHER/EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Catherine Oginni (Mrs.) EDITOR - IN - CHIEF Adebayo Amodu EDITORS Omolehinwa Aramide REPORTER/RESEARCHER Eneanya Gideon Animashaun Oluwaseun CORRESPONDENTS 4The 2015 Ranking Of Universities Adewunmi Joseph Ugwoke Mercy in Africa by Webometrics Egbe Adesuwa Benjamin Gift 6 CREATIVE ARTIST Technical Education: Wale Hammed key to national development PRODUCTION Outstanding Private Schools in 9 Lawal Taofeeq Lagos that have stood the test of Nnaji Bright time COLUMNIST Funmilola Padonu Olanrewaju Temitope LEGAL CONSULTANTS/ADVISERS 18Evaluating your own Teaching KEHINDE OGINNI & CO. ADVERT/MARKETING EXECUTIVES Law as a Profession 31 Osakwe Gloria Anthonia Makanjuola EDITORIAL BOARD Barr. Kehinde Oginni Chief (Mrs.) Modupe A. Jemibewon Chief (Mrs.) Olufunke Davies Jones Professor Isaac Olawale AlbertEDUCATION HUB Education Hub Magazine is a bi – monthly publication of IKOG CONSULTING LTD of Plot 142, Poatson House, Oba Akran Avenue, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria & UK Correspondent Office:146, Deptford High Street, London Se6 3NU. Tel: +2348035095770; +2348172865079, +447916308559; E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.ikogconsulting.com, Blog www.nigeriaeducationhub.com All rights reserved. Reproduction in any form, in whole or in part without prior written permission, is forbidden. 1

PUBLISHER’S NOTEOur Giant stride In this maiden edition, we highlight issues that we consider pertinent to the development of the educa-Iam indeed glad for a dream come true as I write tion sector in Nigeria, particularly issues that have this Maiden Editorial Message of the Education long been debated and often not given proper atten- Hub Magazine. With this big step, education tion afterwards. Our resourceful team of researchers discourse has taken a new dimension in Nigeria and correspondents did justice to the role of technicalas the voices, faces, ideas, opportunities as well as education in nation building. This is critical at thischallenges facing education in Nigeria is brought to stage of our national development as more attentionthe front burner in a unique and historic manner. We has shifted to the employment of expatriates in theconceptualized this specialized magazine with a focus construction, information, communication and otherto lend a strong voice and give faces to diverse issues, sectors of the Nigerian economy.analysis and news from both local and internationalperspectives all in attempt to address the needs of Also in this edition, we beamed searchlight on thevarious stakeholders in the sector. place of private universities in Nigeria with a view to understanding the prospects and challenges faced by To us, less emphasis is placed on education report- these critical stakeholders. This becomes imperativeing when compared with the high number of enter- in the light of the recent ranking of universities in Af-tainment, policy, political, sports and social maga- rica by Webometrics where the first Nigerian Univer-zines on our newsstands. This development clearly sity to make it to the list is a private University.demonstrates that education, the bedrock of thesociety is receiving the least attention in the journal- No doubt, this editorial cannot capture all theistic world. Sadly, on few occasions that education captivating features in this edition. However, I urgenews makes its way to the newspapers or magazines, all our readers to the liberty to read the magazinethe challenges in the sector are usually the focal point. and I am cocksure that a good number of the readingEducation Hub magazine is well positioned to high- public will concur with me that education reporting inlight the huge prospects and opportunities inherent Nigeria has truly taken a new dimension. Please stayin the education sector; make a case for a paradigm with us.shift from the usual thinking about the sector towards Catherine Oginnia new order while also keeping tab on the gargantuanchallenges faced by the sector. VisionTo build a new breed of thoroughbred professionals capable oftransforming Nigerian economy through innovation, technol- ogy and education. Mission To place education at the centre stage of national discoursethrough balanced reporting geared towards transforming lives, institutions and Nigeria’s education system.

LOCAL NEWSUS injects $2m fund in supportof safe school initiative in NigeriaThe Safe School is an initia- tive of the Nigeria Business As part of UNICEF with provision of 35,000 school Community and the Federal the terms of bags with learning materials and `400 Government for education reference of school in box’ provided by the Federal of children across the the initiative, Government of Nigeria to support the country. The initiative was the Nigerian IDP learners,’’ she said,conceptualized in response to the serial governmentattack on schools, students and teachers had reportedly The US Ambassador to Nigeria, Mr.across the country, particularly the sad provided full James Entwistle, said the aim of theincident of abduction of over 200 girls scholarship for donation was to support education offrom Chibok community in 2014. The 2,400 school children especially from northern Nigeriainitiative was launched by the President children from where enrolment was low, while it is alsoGoodluck Jonathan and the UN Special Adamawa, part of the US government’s support toEnvoy on Education, Mr. Gordon Brown Borno and Yobe Nigeria’s effort towards eradication ofin a novel intervention geared towards states to enable terrorism. The initiative would man-making schools across the country safer them transfer age school based interventions, such asand more conducive for learning for both to 43 Federal Unity Schools across the the improvement of infrastructure andthe teachers and students country. The Federal Government is furnishings, provision of teaching and also partnering with international NGOs learning materials, among others. To demonstrate her commitment to to offer scholarships to some victimsthis initiative, the Federal Government of insurgency to enable them study inof Nigeria has contributed a whooping universities abroad. It is also good newssum of $10 million dollars to support the to the stakeholders in the educationlaudable idea. As a mark of international sector to hear that with the support ofapproval, the U.S Government, through UNICEF, education would be provided tothe USAID, has made a donation of $2 children in Internally Displaced Person’smillion dollars into this Multi-Donor (IDPs) camps and host communities. SoTrust Fund and signed a Memorandum of far, about 28,679 children had report-Understanding with the Nigerian Govern- edly been enrolled into basic educationment through the Minister for Finance. In through the double shift schooling systemthe same vein, the government of Qatar, operational in the above mentionedthrough the Qatar Foundation, has also States. Of these, 1,692 have been enrolledmade a contribution of $2 million dollars into Junior Secondary School, throughinto the fund. The Multi- Donor TrustFund is domiciled at the Central Bank of mFiirnsitmduegmreteeatcohbiengtheNigeria. Other countries and institutions qualification in Nigeriaacross the world have begun to send incontributions and grants. For instance, Since 1980, the minimum teach- qualification of Teacher Grade III inthe initiative has benefited from a con- ing requirement in Nigeria has been the 1960s and sometimes in the earlytribution of two million Euros from the the National Certificate in Education 70s, it was minimum of Grade II whichGerman government; a proposed grant (NCE) but a proposed change in the was later changed in the early 80s toof one million dollars from the African status quo has been announced by minimum of NCE.Development Bank, $1.5 million dollars the Minister of Education, Ibrahimdonation from Norwegian government Shekarau, who broke the news on the The need to consciously and continu-through the UNICEF; UK support of one plans of the Federal Government of ously increase the number of teachers,million pounds in technical assistance Nigeria to make University first degrees improve the quality of teachers, raiseand $10 million dollars pledge by a coali- minimum teaching qualification in the condition of teachers’ trainingtion of Nigerian Business Leaders. Nigeria. Initially, primary school leav- institutions as well as periodic review ers were engaged in teaching but this of curriculum are essential in address- The Finance Minister, Dr. Okonjo - was changed and raised to a minimum ing the myriads of challenges faced byIweala said in an attempt to complement education in Nigeriathe effort, a separate Multi-Donor TrustFund (MDTF), had been set up withinthe UN system through Gordon Brown’seffort in support of the initiative whichwould be managed by the UNDP, UNI-CEF and UNOPs, all in a bid to source fordonations from other governments anddonor agencies.EDUCATION HUB 3

LOCAL NEWSThe 2015 ranking ofUniversities in Africaby WebometricsArecent Webometrics rating of universities in Africa placed Cov- nant University ranks higher than Obafemi enant University, Ota, Ogun State Awolowo University, OAU; University of as the first Nigerian University on Ibadan, UI; University of Lagos, UNILAGthe list, a development that can be inter- and University of Ilorin, UNILORIN, aspreted to mean that the ranking has placed Nigeria’s best institution. Here is a list ofCovenant University as the best University the first 25 Universities in Africa accordingin Nigeria. According to the ranking, Cove- to the ranking.4 EDUCATION HUB

LOCAL NEWS Nigeria Universities that made it into Webometrics 2015 ranking 1. Covenant University, Ota Many asked what the yardstick was for ranking an 2. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife institution like Covenant University above other 3. University of Ibadan, Ibadan foremost Federal Universities in Nigeria. Shortly 4. University of Lagos, Akoka after the ranking was announced, the Vice - Chan- 5. University of Ilorin, Ilorin cellor of CU, Professor Charles Ayo, reacted by 6. University of Agriculture, Abeokuta stating confidently that the institution would not 7. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria rest on its oars until it becomes it joins the league 8. Federal University of Technology, Akure of the best 10 universities on the African continent. 9. Landmark University, Omu Aran This ranking also coincides with the report that the 10. University of Nigeria, Nsukka University has made plans to reduce the tuition fees at the shortest possible time all in a bid to attract Controversies have however trailed the ranking more students who would like to benefit from the especially from the camp of many Nigerian stu- qualitative education the University offers. dents who hold opposing opinion about Covenant University, CU being ranked the best in Nigeria.EDUCATION HUB 5

COVER STORIESTechnical Education:key to national development-Ugwoke Mercy, Eneanya Gideon, Egbe AdesuwaExperts say quality investment in technical education in Nigeria is the panacea tothe current skills gap and rising unemployment in different sectors of the nation’seconomyAfter over 52 years of indepen- Government award of Statistics revealed recently that unem- dence that has not produced contracts to big compa- ployment rate in Nigeria is always on the much to cheer for her citizens, nies, they can put these increase. It revealed that out of over 90 a synopsis of Nigeria in relation graduates or crafts- million youth population, about 56 per-to the global economy would read like men or artisan under cent are unemployed while only 9 percentthis: A country endowed with diverse those contractors to are underemployed and only 35 percentnatural and human resources - oil, natu- put into practice the are employed. Youths between the agesral gas, large expanse of arable land and skills they acquired in of 15- 24 and 25 - 44 are said to be mostlyother minerals. It has a large population the university. We had affected especially those in rural areas.estimated to be 160 million going by the an exhibition at Lagos Every year, various tertiary institutions inrecord of the last census conducted in Television complex LTV the country churn out graduates and thisNigeria. But the country has three criti- where students from further compound the problem of unem-cal problems: poverty, corruption and technical colleges dis- ployment because the jobs are not there.unemployment. Cases of Corruption in played what they have Therefore, many of the nation’s graduatesthe country have continued to be on the produced. I tell you they are becoming economically dependentastronomical rise to the extent that it have what can compete on their parents because they lack thehas almost turned out to be a national with anybody from the necessary occupational skills to be self-culture. This progression is linked to developed world. Our employed. However, educationists sayfundamental factors like unemployment problem is that we don’t these skills can be provided by technicaland poverty among others. value what we have. education. They contend that technical education can be a vehicle for addressing The nation’s power, transport, health, ing at an alarming rate. According to the current skills’ gap in different sectorseducational and industrial sectors are the United Nations, only three out of 10 of the nation’s economy. The Nationalall in shambles. Consequently, unem- fresh graduates in the country are sure of President of Young Nigerians for Change,ployment and crime have become a big employment. Also, the National Bureau Comrade Edwin Ekene said the issue ofsource of worry. Over the years, millions skills acquisition for the teeming youthsof school leavers and graduates of tertiary in the country needed urgent attentioninstitutions find it difficult to secure because of its importance in the face ofgainful employment. Statistics show that outright failure the nation’s basic educa-unemployment in the country is increas- tion. According to him, as a result of high unemployment, there is high prevalence of many Nigerian graduates engaging in armed robbery, militancy, kidnapping and a host of others criminal activities. It is his strong belief that technical educa- tion can be a tool for reducing unemploy- ment. He said, ‘‘Government should stop paying lip service to training technicians. It is one of the key ele- ments to the development of any nation. See what the Asian Tigers, including the Japanese are doing. Most of these expatriates you see in Nigeria are not university gradu- ates; they are technicians and Nigeria should emulate them when the youths are exposed to techni- cal skills in their various vocations6 EDUCATION HUB

COVER STORIESlike masonry, metal works, weld- involving applied science and modern examination bodies or agencies; issueing, automobile mechanics and technology. It is a planned programme results and certificates and make awardscarpentry, they are not likely to of courses and learning experiences that in examinations conducted by it; moni-look for any white-collar jobs; they begins with exploration of career options, toring , collecting and keeping records ofare likely going to start their own supports basic academic and life skills continuous assessment in technical col-businesses and employ people. It and enables achievement of high aca- leges and allied institutions towards theis an idle hand that the devil finds demic standards, leadership, preparation award of certificates in National Businesswork for.’’ for industry defined work and advanced and Technical Examinations and conduct education. Technical education gives research, publish statistics and other Similarly, a university don and an individuals the skills to work as a produc- information in order to develop appro-expert in Technical Education who is also tive citizen in a global society. It is both priate examinations, tests and syllabi ina lecturer at the Department of Science the academic and vocational preparation technical and business studies.and Technology Education, University of students for jobs involving appliedof Lagos, Stephen Adenle is of the strong science and technology. The principal aim On the other hand, universities cur-opinion that government could facilitate of technical education is to turn out the riculum is designed and regulated by thea programme where people who have skilled manpower needed for industrial National University Commission, NUC.gained skills from technical colleges are and technological development. As for the university system, it runs fourtransferred to the industry. His words: or five years Bachelor of Technology‘‘Government award contracts to big It is no gainsaying that technical programme with six months industrialcompanies, they can put these gradu- education holds the key to national attachment exposure. No economy can beates or craftsmen or artisan under those development and that no meaningful vibrant when the prerequisite skills arecontractors to put into practice the skills development could be achieved by a lacking. Therefore, technical educationthey acquired in the university. We had nation without sound and qualitative will go a long way in bridging the gapsan exhibition at Lagos Television complex technical education. People who learn in nation’s economy when students areLTV where students from technical col- technical skills at the polytechnics and being equipped with relevant and neededleges displayed what they have produced. universities are called technologists. At skills to be productive.I tell you they have what can compete the polytechnics, it is four years of studywith anybody from the developed world. with two periods of industrial exposure Since Nigeria is a developing economy,Our problem is that we don’t value what - four months and later one year. This a lot of infrastructural development thatwe have”. institution awards diplomas -Ordinary requires technical know-how is still need- National Diploma, OND and Higher ed. Without skills which only the techni- Technical education is a tool for the National Diploma, HND. The polytechnic cal education can offer, most of the jobsproduction of successful entrepreneurs in system was designed to produce middle- that will drive economic developmentthe country. Findings show that about 70 level manpower. Their curriculum is will still be outsourced to foreigners withpercent of small scale industries or busi- designed and regulated by NABTEB. the right skills and knowledge. To thisnesses that are found in Nigeria today In Nigeria, the National Business and end, technical education remains the theare owned by technologists. For example, Technical Examination Board, is the body bedrock of skill development of any na-businesses like furniture making, metal charged with the responsibility for the tion. Adenle said technical education hasfabrication, mechanical/concrete indus- general conduct of craft level technical been in vogue ever since the inception oftries, block making firms and some con- and business examinations conducted by man adding that our forefathers engagedstruction industries, etc, are run by tech- various bodies notably the Royal Society in it in their rudimentary way. He alsonologists. It would therefore not be out of of Arts of London (RSA), City and Guilds said it was the advancement that made itplace for technologists and technicians to of London Institute (C & G) as well as to be given the name technical education.be fully involved in entrepreneurship, as Technical and Business Examinations Quoting from the book of Exodus 31:7-11,this has proved to be one of the channels conducted by the West African Exami- he said the biblical Moses made referenceof growth of most emerging economies. nations Council (WAEC). In addition, to the works of craftsmen. Also, EkeneAccording to Britannica, a general Eng- the Board has the statutory mandate to believes technical education is the answerlish Language Encyclopedia, technical conduct other specified examinations on to Nigeria’s quest for development andeducation is the academic and voca- behalf of, or in collaboration with other transformation. According to him, thetional preparation of the students for jobs power sector which is one of the major challenges facing the nation as well as mechanized agriculture, defence, health, housing, aviation and virtually all min- istries and their paraphernalia require technical competence. He maintained that the hoopla about vision 2020 will be a mirage unless technical education is given the proper attention it deserves in Nigeria. The country prides itself as giant of Africa but lacks the technical capacity it needs to become a leading economy in the continent. These days, Nigerians go as far as Niger Republic, Ghana, Benin Re- public and other neighbouring countries to bring in bricklayers and carpenters.EDUCATION HUB 7

COVER STORIESPg. 7 Those who have been patronizing local hiring foreign technicians and craftsmen strictly to quota system for the employ-artisans and technicians complain that from outside of the country has led quali- ment of foreign technicians so that jobsthey are not as good as their foreign coun- fied indigenous technicians and engineers meant for Nigerians will not perpetuallyterparts. This explains why the foreign in the country into sourcing alternative be taken over by foreigners. Investiga-technicians and artisans operating in Ni- means for survival. This is so because tions revealed that the Nigerian building/geria get more patronage. According to a most of the foreign engineering compa- construction industry which is the largestLagos resident, Samuel Adedigba, “I have nies in Nigeria have ‘silent’ directors from employer of labour has about three mil-suffered a lot of headaches due to several people in governments, civil service while lion jobs.disappointments from Nigerian artisans. some are business partner to legislators,Now, people that work for me –electri- traditional chiefs and even the memberscians, bricklayers, generator and vehicle of the judiciary. This practice is view asmechanics – are from neighbouring West the height of corruption and it is rea-African countries.”Apart from Adedigba, soned that until this form of corruption ismany Nigerians have tales of woe to tell eradicated, the country may continue toon their frustrating experiences with local see inflated costs of services all over theartisans. For instance, many people say country. All forms of corruption shouldtheir experiences in trying to repair their be eradicated as well to move Nigeriacars in Abuja have revealed the lack of forward. Experts believe that Nigeria’squality technicians that constitute a ma- domestic economic future lies more injor bottleneck to economic development developing our technical manpower andin Nigeria. skills than relying on expatriates. In this lies the possibility of fixing our energy However, indigenous engineers have problems, road problems and the likes.condemned the over-reliance on foreign Some educationists have urged the gov-artisans and craftsmen to execute proj- ernment to compel companies to adhereects in the country. The growing trend ofQuests for Foreign Certificates-Adewunmi Joseph, Benjamin GiftAs quests for acquiring foreign university education increases among Nigerians, educationists and an-alysts explain reasons for this trend and offer tips on what to look out for before deciding on a choiceof school or country to study abroad That Nigerians place a lot of value on education is no longer hidden. Every year, parents and guardians spend bil- lions of naira on the education of their wards within and outside the country. Today, there is a growing quest for for- eign university education by Nigerians. This trend is not unconnected with the fact that many Nigerian scholars have lost faith in the country’s educational system and are desperately looking for ways to leave the shore of Nigeria in search of foreign education. The quest for foreign education has seen many Nigerians travelling to far flung countries such as Finland, Australia, Malaysia and India among others in search of university admission. There are many reasons for the growing trend of Nigerians seeking education abroad. Some of these, accord- ing to educationists include exposure to research, up - to - date facilities and Pg. 118 EDUCATION HUB

IVY LEAGUEOutstanding Private Schools inLagos that have stood the test oftime Atlantic Hall Atlantic Hall is a co-educational passion for a 21st Century Nigeria life. full boarding secondary school set with an enviable and competitive • Atlantic Hall is a registered and in extensive and beautiful grounds standard of education. Academic in Poka, Epe, a safe rural setting attainment and leadership are the approved examination centre close to the Atlantic Ocean. The cornerstones of the school but these of the University of Cambridge school has chosen to maintain its are not exclusive. International Examinations existing population of about 650 What makes the School one of the (CIE). pupils between the ages of 10-17 most sought after : • Opportunities to take Inter- and has a staff-student ratio of 9/1 • The school has a rich history of national Examination thereby to allow for optimum learning and offering students admission to ensure each child is known. The existence that spans over two into choice Universities abroad. school is committed to and reflects decades. This in itself depicts Should you be interested in academic excellence and a well mastery, recognition and ac- enrolling your children or wards rounded education. Atlantic Hall complishment. into Atlantic Hall Schools, kindly was established in January 1989 by • The strong and rich blend of contact the school campus at Atlan- the Atlantic Hall Educational Trust curricula. tic Hall, Poka Epe, Lagos, Nigeria. Council - a registered non-profit • The school is anchored on Telephone: +234(1)2912647 Mobile sharing organization. The body is academic excellence and has +2347042932098. Email: enqui- composed of members from various over the years produced a lot [email protected] web: www. professions who share a common of accomplished and successful atlantic-hall.net.EDUCATION HUB graduates in different walks of Pg. 10 9

IVY LEAGUEGreensprings School’s history dates back of over 2,500. the Nigeria education market.to January 1985 when it started off as a What makes the School most • Conducive and safe learning environ-Montessori school offering nursery edu- sought after?cation to children aged 2-5 years. Since • The school’ existence that spans three ment.then, the school has grown remarkably • The school runs from elementary toand is today one of the leading institu- decades. This depicts competence,tions offering first class education from excellence and accomplishment. The Senior Secondary school thereby cre-their first campus, situated in the heart of history of the school can simply be re- ating an easy and simple pathway forLagos Mainland, with an initial student ferred to as the making of the colossus various ages.body of 3 pupils. Greensprings has now from 3 registered students to 2, 500 • Opportunities to take Internationalestablished a state of the art campus on students strength. Examination thereby offering studentsthe Lekki Peninsula with student strength • Adequate blend of curricula that fits admission into choice Universities abroad The Anthony Campus 32, Olatunde Ayoola Avenue Anthony, Lagos, Nigeria The Lekki Campus K/M 40, Lekki/ Epe Express Way, Ibeju-Lekki (After Grown Estate), Lagos, Nigeria. To be admitted into the school, a formal application must be made to be followed by informal assessment for preschoolers and en- trance examinations for years 1-10 after which successful candidates are informed via SMS, email or phone call. www.greenspringsschool.com [email protected] +23418541472, 070455024410 EDUCATION HUB

COVER STORIESa consistent academic calendar. Fidelia dents eligible to take the entrance dents as well to its universities, polytech-Ideha, a Nigerian studying at a university examination the following year, a nic and colleges. She said that the privatein South Africa, said she opted to study development that creates a back sector should also be encouraged to play aabroad because the educational system log of un-admitted students run- key role in the development of our educa-over there is better organized. In her ning into over a million each year. tion sector by way of sponsoring research,words: “unlike Nigerian schools, The question is: What happens to collaborating with the government andyou will do a lot of practical work this back log? the universities in developing industry -and complete your programme compliant curriculum. She went furtherat the right time.” Nigerians spend a Mrs. Oginni contended that part of the to say that notwithstanding the poorfortune on foreign education. Revealing huge drive for foreign certificates is that quality of tertiary education in today’show much Nigerians spend on foreign curricular developed by Nigerian Univer- Nigeria, Nigerian students could do bet-university education, former Governor of sities are not adequate to address con- ter if the government gets right in termsCentral Bank of Nigeria, and now Emir of temporary global issues. Popular courses of policies and proper implementation.Kano, Sanusi Lamido said that Nigerians in Nigeria include Medicine, Nursing, She supported her point by stating thatspend over one billion dollars annually Pharmacy, Civil Engineering, Account- Nigerian students often excel outstand-to acquire education in Ghana only. He ing, Business Administration, Law, Mass ingly when they study abroad comparedalso disclosed that there are about 71,000 Communication and few other courses, to when they attend schools in Nigeria.Nigerian students in Ghana, paying one leaving students with desire for careersbillion dollars annually as tuition fees. in Plumbing, Music, Fashion Designing, Responding to the issue of employabil-Maxwell Uranta, a university lecturer Film Editing e.t.c with no choice than to ity rate of graduates from foreign schoolssaid that the quest for foreign certificates pursue their dreams in other countries and those of Nigeria schools, Mrs. Oginniamongst Nigerians is as a result of the offering such courses and other multi - stated thus: “the employability rate ofgovernment’s failure to develop institu- disciplinary opportunities. In the course graduates of some renowned top British/tions in the country. He maintained that of our interaction with students over the Canadian/US Universities is twice as highpeople go abroad for different reasons but years, top study destinations include as their contemporaries who graduatedit is mainly because our institutions are USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Germany, from universities in Nigeria particularlynot well funded. He buttressed his point India and few other countries. A further when considered in terms of chances toby stating that it would take students prognosis at the choice of study destina- land a good job anywhere in the world.years to complete a PhD programme tions by students and parents revealed An MSc or PhD holder from say Glasgowin Nigeria but less than four years if that they are more interested in countries University, Scotland would no doubta student travels abroad for the same that had exhibited great potentials for make such a person simply irresistible inprogramme. Like Uranta, speaking to an qualitative research; offered worldwide terms of employment as there is nowhereEducation Consultant, Mrs. Catherine acceptance of degree certificate and made in the world such a person cannot getOginni, an Executive Director at IKOG giant strides in various academic fields. a job. This is not to conclude that noneCONSULTING, she said that one of the For instance, Information Technology, of the Nigerian universities is unknownmain reasons why Nigerian scholars Medicine and Engineering are synony- in the international education market.account for higher percentage of interna- mous with the US, India and Germany While they are very good and well knowntional students across campuses around while students interested in studying ones, a good number of them are not sothe world is largely due to the numerous Law, Literature and related courses popular and well rated. She concluded byproblems plaguing the nation’s educa- always exhibit preference for UK. Nigeria saying that the craze for foreign educa-tional system. To her, this trend has led needs to be known globally for outstand- tion flows from the realization of the factto increased quest for foreign education ing academic excellence and scholarship that students who struggled to make goodby parents of those students who can in a certain field in order to be able to grades from reputable schools in Britain,afford it. attract her own citizens and foreign stu- Canada, United State. She further identified poor fund- Pg. 12ing and implementation of educationpolicies as some of the major problems 11confronting the most important sector.According to her, ‘the competitivestruggle for admission throughUniversity Matriculation Exami-nation and Post UTME test appeartoo herculean for some students tosurmount given the fact that on theaverage, about one million peopletake the University MatriculationExamination (UME) each year andonly about 250,000 can be offeredplacement in all the universitiesand polytechnics in the country.The implication of this is that theremaining number of students un-able to gain admission in a partic-ular year adds up to the fresh stu-EDUCATION HUB

COVER STORIESPg. 11However, experts have urged parents and twitter accounts Engineering may be advised to considerguardians to do their due diligence very and join the list United States, India or UK while Russiawell before sending their children and of friends of their and the US are ideal destinations for awards abroad for studies. One, parents children on these like Chemical Engineering and relatedhave been advised to make sure they have platforms in or- courses. As for Medicine, United States,enough information about the countries der to sufficiently India and Canada are a good choice whileand the schools their children intend to monitor them. applicants for Computer Science andattend. Also, they need to have a contact Parents should related disciplines are look no furtherin the particular country where the school have copies of than United States and India. Applicantsis located. Mohammed Idris, an Educa- their timetables, for law degrees and humanities can find ation Consultant based in Kogi State, said their assignments good academic comfort in the UK and USthat most parents are of the erroneous and also mandate schools.beliefs that as long as a university is in them to send cop-the UK or in the US, then it is good. There ies of their resultsare a lot of dodgy institutions whose cer- to them once theytificates are not worthy. They are simply are available.money - making ventures that will come These are still notto Abuja, Lagos or Kano, distribute the enough as yourbest brochures in town while the qual- prayers, counseling and mentoring will beity of their education is not worth the useful throughout his stay in the school.glamour of the public relations efforts,’’ He advised that anyone who intendshe said. He advised that when parents are to study abroad should seek adequatemaking decision to send their children consultation from experts who have theabroad, they should not just give them experience before making their choices ofmoney as if the child is out shopping. courses and universities, adding that forMany parents lose their children this way. engineering courses, foreign universitiesFrequently visiting your child and main- will be a better option because most Nige-taining contact with him/her on phone rian universities don’t have the necessarywill be helpful. In fact, in this age, parents facilities to groom students in this field.are encouraged to maintain facebook and Anyone wishing to study Mechanical12 EDUCATION HUB

COVER STORIESPrivate Universities:The Opportunities, Challenges-Adewunmi Joseph, Egbe AdesuwaPrivate universities in Nigeria have been in the forefront of offering high qualitycurricular and ground-breaking innovations thereby giving hope of a better futurefor the nation’s university education.Private universities are stability into the system while the fast gaining acceptance quality of education offered by the among Nigerian youths private universities is said to be due mainly to stability of a strong attraction to Nigerians.their academic calendar. Unlike According to Abiodun Olayemiwhat obtains in public universities of Department of Educationalwhere students spend more years Foundations and Management,than necessary following incessant Faculty of Education, Ekiti Stateindustrial strikes by the Aca- University, Ado-Ekiti, privatedemic Staff Union of Universities, universities have raised academicASUU, lecturers and students in standard. In his words ‘‘they boastprivate universities rarely embark of high standards of educationon industrial strike that could that seems to have eluded somejeopardize academic activities. public universities,’’ When oneEver since private universities in looks at it critically, many youngNigeria came in to fill a vacuum Nigerians that would have beenin the nation’s tertiary education languishing in frustration of poorsub-sector, the story has never access to university education areremained the same. The entrance now blazing the trail in these ivoryof private universities has brought towers. Private institutions of higher learning pants from public universities. Also, the Business Information at Babcock Univer-is perceived to offer quality of education, atmosphere at the Covenant University, sity (BU), Ilisan-Remo, Ogun State at acater for a larger number of school-age Ota, Ogun State, was full of excitement prime age 25 years.populations than government-sponsored when a 19-year-old Wukeh Egem-Odey, The trend in university educationinstitutions while some of their students who obtained a Cumulative Grade Point has not gone unanalyzed by watchershave demonstrated outstanding excel- Average of 4.89 out of a possible 5.0 of events as some have attributed thelence and scholarship in their studies. emerged the best graduating student. remarkable feat to high emolument andNot too long ago, an 18-year-old under- Such excellent achievements are becom- motivation provided by these schoolsgraduate of Crescent University, Miss ing common in these ivory towers these for their lecturers. For instance, Profes-Zulikha Ibrahim emerged came first in days. As if this was not enough, another sor Oyewale Tomori, Vice Chancellor ofICT-based National Microsoft Competi- young scholar, Opeyemi Deborah Sodipe Redeemer’s University, Ogun State hastion far ahead of all many other partici- bagged her doctorate (PhD) degree in said the institution pays its staff salariesEDUCATION HUB Pg. 14 13

COVER STORIESPg. 13that are about 10 per cent to 15 percent Our commitment is: get ence and technology products during thehigher than what their counterparts in these fresh ones and give December 2010 Nigerian Universitiesfederal universities earn. Professors in them the shape you think Research and Development Fair held atprivate universities earn about N700, will be most suitable for the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu000 monthly as against N600, 000 their destiny. We don’t State. At Redeemer’s University, researchby lecturers in public universities. At admit married people. is also given top priority. Each year, N20Benson-Idahosa University, the univer- Why, so that they don’t million is allocated to research. However,sity recruits only top-ranking professors. influence or corrupt the the university is yet to come up withThe President, BIU, Bishop Faith Benson- life of the young ones who any research products or inventions toIdahosa once told newsmen that in order are coming in; because show for its efforts. The management ofto ensure that the lecturers are abreast now, like you know, people BIU believes that research is one thingof contemporary issues, the institution come into the university private universities should not sleep over.routinely gives them special training. at 15 or 16. So, the universi- To promote this area of learning, the Also at CU, annual training programme ty management decided to institution poached Ernest Izebvigie, acalled Executive Advance is organized put up certain guidelines Professor and Deputy VC from Jacksonfor all faculties and senior non-teaching that will keep that envi- State University, Mississippi, US, whostaff. Some programmes are organized ronment safe. You can’t has within one year researched on vari-outside the country to give lecturers get into Covenant Univer- ous issues, including the use of bitter leafthe opportunity to compare notes with sity outside the age of 22, to counter tumors and diabetes. Some ofacademics from other parts of the world. the students of BIU have won awards inThe essence is to enrich their knowledge. research work. The result was that three Korea and India for their inventions. OneAnother strategy adopted by private certificates of patent were awarded to of the students invented a machine thatuniversities to achieve high quality educa- the university by the National Office for cleans shoes once the wearer steps on ation is to admit fewer students and peg Technological Acquisition and Promo- carpet.the admission age of students in order to tion, NOTAP, Abuja, for three prod- The serene environment in severalavoid overstretching available facilities ucts produced by the university’s team private universities is also believed toand distractions. At CU, in furtherance of researchers. The products include contribute to their success. With its arrayof its mission to attract and transform pawpaw beverage, fermented rice and of attractive structures, well maintainedyoung lives, the university, as a rule, does culture medium. No wonder the uni- flower lawns and good road network,not admit students who are above the age versity won three awards and became Babcock University, is arguably, one ofof 22, and its female students are not al- the overall second best among the 25 Nigeria’s most beautiful campuses. Thelowed to get married or become pregnant universities that exhibited over 200 sci- same is true of Madonna University,until after their graduation. By pegging Okija, Anambra State where studentsthe age limit of prospective students at testified that power and water supply are22, the university management believes constant. Discipline is another uniquethat such youngsters will easily be ame- selling point for private universities.nable to rules and policies that would Operators of private universities areshape and make them better individuals. known to instill discipline in their stu- “Our commitment is: get these fresh dents more than the managers of publicones and give them the shape you think universities. At CU for instance, studentswill be most suitable for their destiny. cannot step out of the campus withoutWe don’t admit married people. Why, so the permission of the authorities; theythat they don’t influence or corrupt the are forbidden from using GSM phoneslife of the young ones who are coming in; on campus, they must adhere strictly tobecause now, like you know, people come certain dress codes and are also barredinto the university at 15 or 16. So, the from indulging in students’ unionism.university management decided to put up As part of the disciplinary measures,certain guidelines that will keep that envi- students in private universities exit theronment safe. You can’t get into Covenant four walls of the institution only whenUniversity outside the age of 22,” permitted. At Madonna University, the said Bishop (Dr.) David Oyedepo, Pro- situation is even stricter. Students haveChancellor of the University. Private to apply two days before the intendeduniversities are also blazing the trail in exit and because the process is rigor-research. Research is the hub around ous, some students prefer to remain inwhich academic success is built. This school till the end of a semester than faceexplains why private universities allocate the exit protocol. No matter the way ithuge funds to get the best research facili- is viewed, the disciplinary mechanismsties. put in place by private universities have CU is breaking new ground in research positive impact on students and also helpas it is on record that the university had in achieving high standards of education.invested over N2billion in the procure- However, the story of university educa-ment of engineering equipment for its tion in Nigeria today has largely been that14 EDUCATION HUB

COVER STORIESof mixed fortunes. According to Olayemi, wideness of social gap. He asserted that Nigeria currently is that of inadequatethere are many challenges confronting education services provided by private in- funding.private universities in Nigeria. Promi- dividuals do create inequality and widen There seems to be a popular opinionnent among them is inadequate funding. the already existing social gap between among Nigerians that many privateHe is of the view that running a private the children of the well-to-do Nigerians universities owners are motivated byuniversity is a capital intensive venture and that of commoners. The children profit rather than service. It has also beenthat a ‘trader’ cannot venture into. In his of the rich have more access to private argued that many Nigerian private uni-words: ‘to run a university is not cheap universities than the children of the poor versities are also in dire need of adequateand unfortunately many private universi- and this has continued to aggravate the human capital, modern infrastructureties owners in Nigeria appear not to have social gap between the rich and the poor without which one cannot run and man-the financial muscle to bear the financial in the country. age an ideal university that is globallyburdens of these institutions adding that Also, former Vice Chancellor of the Uni- competitive and locally relevant.the high cost of facilities such as building versity of Ibadan, Professor Ayo Banjo Realistically, most of the owners offor classrooms, offices, furniture items for has suggested that funding of all universi- the private universities in the countrystudents and staff, laboratory equipment, ties in Nigeria, including the private ones, are businessmen and women who haverelevant books and journals in the library should be jointly shared by the three tiers invested heavily in education and there-in terms of procurement and mainte- of government and the proprietors, while fore expect returns on their investments.nance, however, constitute a very serious a little contribution is made by the ben- Some academic scholars have maintainedproblem to private universities’. Olayemi eficiaries themselves. While maintaining that the quest to recoup investmentsfurther opined that some of the needed or that no first-class university can be pro- by the school owners at the expense ofrequired manpower are not available to duced without adequate funding, Banjo, quality may affect their output eventually.some of these private universities. ‘Major- who is currently the Pro - Chancellor and Most of the private universities in Nigeriaity of their staff, especial academic staff Chairman of Council of Ajayi Crowther offer courses that reflect either a com-are bottom heavy in terms of mix. Many University, Oyo, lamented that the most mercial consideration or religious orien-of these private universities are con- serious problem facing universities in tation which requires less investment intending with the problem of shortage of terms of infrastructure and equipment.faculty members to drive or beef up their Their thinking is that by offering marketuniversities. ’ He asserts that non-profes- driven courses like Accountancy, Bank-sional teachers who are neither good nor ing & Finance, Business Administration,effective cannot be said to be contributing they would be able to break even. This ismuch to quality education adding that unlike their counterparts in some othermany of the lecturers are found to lack parts of the world who put in capitalboth technical and personnel competenc- investments in infrastructure and otheres required in teaching because they are facilities to offer courses like Medicinenot professionally qualified. and Engineering, which are highly capital Another factor, according to him is the intensive.EDUCATION HUB 15

KIDZDoIEnSe16 EDUCATION HUB

KIDDIES ZONEBrainTeaser T in it? A: A teapotMatch Opposites Q. How many letters are there in the English alphabet?Match the words which have opposite meanings A. There are 18: 3 in ‘the’, 7 in ‘English’ and(antonyms) to each other by drawing a line between 8 in ‘alphabet’them. Q. Which month has 28 days? A. All of them of course! Q. What has a face and two hands but no arms or legs? A. A clock! Q. What is the easiest way to double your money? A. Put it in front of the mirror of course! Q. What has a thumb and four fingers but is not alive? A. A glove. Q. What has to be broken before you can use it? A. An egg. Q. What has a neck but no head? A. A bottle. Q. What gets wetter as it dries? A. A towel. Q. What goes up and doesn’t come back down? A. Your age. Q. What belongs to you but is used more by others? A. Your name. Q. Everyone has it and no one can lose it, what is it? A. A shadow. Q. It’s been around for millions of years, but it’s no more than a month old. What is it? A. The moon. THE MAGIC 9 Figure nine is a funny number with a secret that is kept from everybody, including you.Right Down If you don’t mind, let us work it out. WhenBig No you multiply nine by any figure, apart from 1Happy Closed that gives you 9, your answer would be moreSlow Expensive than 1 digit. Go on to separate the digits ofYes Left your answers by putting a plus sign (+) inNegative Go between all the figures. Add them togetherUp Fast and your answer remains 9.Off Sad Let us consider some examples.Cheap Old 9 × 9 =18 1+ 8= 9Open On 9 × 3 = 27 2+ 7 = 9Stop Positive 9 × 4 = 36 3 + 6 = 9Young Small 9 × 5 = 45 4+5=9Riddles and Jokes wards? 9 × 12 = 108 1+0+8=9 9 × 100 = 900 9+0+0=9Q. What five-letter word becomes A: Edam 9 × 386 = 3474 3 + 4 + 7 + 4 = 18 Q. Why did the boy bury his flashlight?shorter when you add two letters to it? A. Because the batteries died. 1 + 8 = 9 9 × 5955 = 53595A. Short 5 + 3 + 5 +9 +5 = 27 2 + 7 = 9 Q. What starts with a ‘P’, ends with an ‘E’Q. What word begins and ends with an and has thousands of letters?‘e’ but only has one letter? A: The Post Office! Dear readers, if magic 9 wants to disappointA. Envelope you, dial my nos 999.Q.What has a neck but no head? Q. Why can’t a man living in New York be I will come to your rescue. buried in Chicago?A. A bottle A: Because he’s still living! Ayotosimi AyoadeQ. What type of cheese is made back- Q. What begins with T, ends with T and has Basic Five, Oakdale School, Lagos Pg. 18EDUCATION HUB 17

KIDDIES ZONE Pg. 17 school management is not ready to bend their rules or for other reasons and I meet theseWHY I LOVE MY SCHOOL friends and classmates on my way to churchThe name of my school is Oluwakemi Nursery or outings. They narrate how they are leadingand Primary School, Ogba, Ikeja, Lagos. I love their classes in their new schools. I can’t helpmy school so much and I am sure you want to smiling as I know that Oluwakemi will giveknow why. It is simple. In these days of Jam- the solid foundation for years to come. If whatboree, my school still stands tall for academic you are after is quality education for your chil-excellence, integrity and diligence. My school dren, choose Oluwakemi Nursery and Primaryis old and affordable as my parents often say school TODAY.thereby making qualitative education afford-able to all. The motto of the school says it all: Folabi Kehinde - Oginni“Way to Success” and the school is really a Basic Two, Oluwakemi Nur/Pry School,way to success. All students that come to my 2,Keji Close, Dideolu Estate, Ogba, Ikeja,school stay there to become bright. In some Lagos.cases, pupils leave my school because the TEACHER’S DIGESTEvaluating your own TeachingEvaluating teachers’ own teaching is a way to identify EDUCATION HUB the strong aspects of their practice as well as their weaknesses which may need to be changed and improved. Teachers should take initiatives to evalu-ate their teaching and make improvements over time. It isimportant to understand that evaluating your teaching doesnot mean you are a bad teacher, in fact, it means quite theopposite. A good teacher teaches and learns. You could be the best teacher with the best course materi-als, course activities, learning outcomes and assessmentsbut as time changes, course needs to be revised to suit theneeds of the society, the employers and the diversity ofstudents. A good teacher will take in criticism, initiate evalu-ation and learn from their students.18

TEACHER’S DIGESTMethods for Evaluating your TeachingSelf-monitoring: A good teacher moni- to discuss the areas for improvements. reference material for new teaching stafftors his/her own performance as he/she Audio and video recording provide to learn from.teaches. Teachers should monitor them- Students’ feedback on teaching:selves while teaching. After each teaching teachers with objective information that Students’ perception of learning experi-session, teachers should ask themselves reflects what was actually happening in ence in class is sometimes the most direct(or complete a brief self-evaluation form) the class. It is always easy for people to way to weigh how effective a teacheron whether they have met their deter- monitor others and notice their weak- delivers his teaching. After all, the goal ofmined goals and objectives, and evaluate nesses, but it is rather difficult for them education is to make students learn andthe good and the to-be-improved aspects to monitor themselves, especially during understand. Therefore, what studentsof the session. Teachers can keep a log teaching when teachers are devoting perceive and experience in class would(i.e. a teaching portfolio, or a video log) most of their attention in instructing and directly determine how effective they areto track their own progress and improve- explaining to students. Recording reflects learning. Collecting students’ perceptionment over time. the actual teaching performance, but it of teaching should be carried out sev- is meaningless by itself. For example, it eral times in a semester (at least once at Self-monitoring is a meaningful source does not tell teachers whether speaking at mid-term and once at the end of term),of information for evaluating teaching. a particular pace is good or bad. Teach- to allow opportunities to correct poorTeachers would take special notice of ers have to discuss with their fellows to practices rather than leaving them till the(and record) those information which are obtain opinions to identify the strengths end of the course. Two common methodsparticularly important to them, like a cus- and weaknesses in their teaching so as to of collecting information about students’tomized profile for individual teachers. give room for improvement. perception towards teaching are ques- tionnaires and interviews. However, self-monitoring involves self- It is a good idea to arrange several re- Questionnaires: This is a com-judgment. It is often difficult to be totally cording sessions throughout the semester monly used method of collecting stu-fair and objective. Personal biases and (e.g. one at the beginning, one in the dents’ opinion about teaching, and it hasmisinterpretations of students’ reaction middle and one at the end of semester) to been adopted widely across universitiesby the teachers themselves may interfere check with the progress and improvement as a standard practice. Standardizedwith the effectiveness of the evaluation. of specifically targeted areas. However, it questions on the questionnaires collect is important to obtain the consent from information about students’ background, Audio and video recording: Teachers students and the faculty before commenc- general opinions about the course (e.g.can audio- or video-tape their teaching ing the recording. the topics are interesting, course materi-sessions, which allows them to keep re- als are difficult, too manycord of and investigate their actual teach- Furthermore, keeping a log of class Pg. 20ing performance in detail. Teachers can video records can help teachers trackreview the records with other colleagues their own progress, and it is also a usefulEDUCATION HUB 19

TEACHER’S DIGESTPg. 19assignments, comments given on assign- entire class. give feedback and constructive criticisms.ments are helpful etc.), and an overall Apart from the above mentioned meth- Similar to video recording, observation byevaluation on the effectiveness of the other people allows teachers to becomecourse and the teacher, using predefined ods, teachers can also deduce how well aware of many things that they are tooscales of quantitative scores (e.g. 1 – the students are learning and acquiring busy to notice while conducting theirStrongly Agree,…..,5 – Strongly Disagree). knowledge from the class by looking at teaching. Teachers can confer with theSome general open-ended questions such their assignments and test results. This observers before the class observationas “What do you think can be improved in can however be effective if the assign- regarding the areas of focus, and discussthis course?” and “What do you like most ments and tests are well-designed and the important points in a debriefing meet-about this course?” are usually included have high validity in measuring students’ ing afterwards.in the questionnaires. Of course, teachers learning achievements. If the assignmentscan put down some specific topical ques- and tests meet the above conditions, they Peer-observation: Junior teacherstion on which they particularly would like can be good indicators of how effective can invite other junior peers to observeto know about. the goal of helping students to learn is and give feedback to their teaching. This achieved by the teaching delivered. How- would be free from any political risk and Questionnaires can collect responses ever, teachers cannot infer from assign- peers would be willing to exchange andfrom a large number of students simulta- ments and test results about what is good share their ideas freely and honestly.neously, which provide a comprehensive or bad about their teaching, and whatpicture that reflects the opinions of the causes students to learn better or worse. Observation by senior colleagues:whole class (i.e. good representativeness), Teachers can also invite experienced se-and can be efficiently administered in One general limitation of assess- nior teachers to be their observers. Seniorterms of time and resources. Responses ing teaching quality based on students’ teachers who have experience in teachingin questionnaires are given anonymously, feedback is that their opinions can be very can often provide useful opinions for newso students are more willing to freely biased. Many students may not actually teachers to get started smoothly. Never-express what they actually think and know what they should know and learn theless, political risks can be a concernperceive about the course. from the course. Also, students usually do since some teachers behave differently not possess enough knowledge about how when they are being observed by seniors However, the limitation of question- the course can be taught, including the who make decisions about their promo-naire lies at its standardized organization possible pedagogies and course contents. tion and tenure.of questions. Questions on the question-naires are fixed, and therefore the teach- It is also very important that teachers Observation by professionalsers cannot probe further information of should tell students that they are aware from an outside party: Teachers maytheir interests immediately based on the of and are genuinely interested in the consult their university’s teaching supportrespondents’ responses as in interviews. opinions given. After receiving students’ center or similar organizations to arrangeAlso, questionnaire survey is better to be feedback, teachers should describe to a teaching consultant to observe theiradministered by someone who is not in the students what changes are made classes. These consultants do not neces-charge of the grades of students, so that in response to their opinions, and also sarily need to possess adequate knowl-students would feel more comfortable explain the reasons why they choose not edge about the subject being taught, butto express themselves. Questionnaire to change the other practices as requested they can provide objective comments tosurvey must be carefully designed to by students. Students would question the teachers on general presentation skills,avoid confusion and negative effect from usefulness of collecting their opinions if skills on facilitating student discussions,the students (e.g. students may think that teachers do not let them know their opin- and ideas for active and interesting learn-this is a way to test how much they have ions are heard. ing approaches.learnt). Chan C. (2010) Assessment: Evaluating your Feedback from observation by own Teaching, Assessment Resources @HKU, Interviews: Focus-group interviews other colleagues and experts: Teach- University of Hong Kong [http://ar.cetl.hku.hk]:with students can be conducted by the ers can invite other colleagues or experts Available: Accessed: 24th February, 2015teachers themselves (if trust has been to sit in their classes and directly observebuilt among the teacher and students) or how the teaching is conducted (includ-an outsider (if greater level of objectivity ing teaching style, contents, pace etc.), tois required). Teachers can set the ques-tions that they are interested to knowabout with their faculty’s colleagues andconsultants in advance, and probe moredetailed information and clarificationsfrom students during the interview.It is obviously a more flexible optioncompared to a large class questionnairesurveys. Directly interviewing students canusually reveal students’ thoughts on someunanticipated aspects, which can gener-ate lots of useful information. However,interviews can usually only be conductedwith a small portion of students in theclass, which may not necessary be reflect-ing the whole picture of thoughts of the20 EDUCATION HUB

INTERNATIONAL FOCUSCyprus is fast becoming a topStudy destination for Nigerians-Catherine Oginni ( Executive Director, Ikog Consulting)Cyprus has in a couple of years back tural atmosphere and platform to meet scholarships to international studentsremained one of the top study destina- people from different countries around based on academic performance andtions for Nigerians and scholars from the world. Thus you get to know not only sporting activities. Some of the top uni-other African Countries. There are more Cypriot culture but many other too. The versities patronized by Nigerians and whythan 40,000 students studying in Cyprus Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is chronicle in this edition.thus, creating a very unique multicul- Ministry of education and sports awardsTop Universities in North Cyprus: Whatmakes them attractive to Nigerian ScholarsStudying in North Cyprus is gaining popularity in Nigeria as Nigerians. In this edition, we would be reviewing two of the topmore Nigerians seek admission into major universities in the universities, Check out what the attractions are:country. Here are some of the most patronized Universities byEuropean University of LefkeThe European University of Lefke, ment, EUL is the leading brand of educa- innovative and professionally responsiblefounded by the Cyprus Science Foun- tion in the west of the Turkish Republic individuals with distinct personalitiesdation, officially started its academic of Northern Cyprus. who are capable of critical thinking andactivities in 1990 as a State Foundation ability to contribute to the society onUniversity. The University and all its re- The university offers contemporary, scientific matters; to develop culturalspective departments are accredited with sustainable and quality education of diversity, intercultural competence, andthe Turkish Republic’s Higher Educa- international standards, conduct qualita- empathy within the University and in thetion Council (Board) since its first day of tive research, contribute to the needs of society; to contribute to the welfare of theestablishment. The University campus is the society, and meet the needs of stake- society and peace in the region and thelocated on the hill in one of the island’s holders and graduate students in a multi world; to assume a pioneering role in therichest natural corners, overlooking the - cultural environment. It also strives economic, social and cultural develop-local landscape and with a full view of the to become a preferred, participating, ment of the country by giving highestblue waters of the Mediterranean. With autonomous university open to change priority to quality in areas of academicits quite and tranquil setting, it offers and development, producing science and freedom, education, and to accelerate thestudents an ideal environment to pursue technology and serving as a model with scientific and technological innovationstheir academic studies. With its excellent its multicultural diversity. and developments.infrastructure and technological equip- More importantly, EUL’s aim is to 21 train the students in becoming honest,EDUCATION HUB

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS Pg. 20What makes the university attractiveto NigeriansThe University currently has nine (9) fac- price ($2,100 (meal + accommodation} English Language test for students withulties offering Undergraduate, Postgradu- or $1,100 for accommodation only). at least C5 in English Language theseate and Doctoral degrees. Most of the Application processing is swift and ef- examinations. HND graduates are equallycourses are taught in English Language ficient as the processes can be completed offered placements in Masters pro-with two major intakes in a year (Febru- and offer of acceptance can be issued to grammes provided such applicants meetsary and September) thereby giving pro- student within two weeks of application. the minimum entry requirement for thespective students a rare opportunity for Similarly, visa processing from Nigeria course. There is also an opportunity forentrance twice a year. EUL offers one of is easy and not so cumbersome and with seamless transfer of students from any ofthe most attractive entrance scholarships the assistance of the International Team the universities in Nigeria, even for hold-of 40% to all international applicants of EUL, a student is 80% rest assured of a ers Ordinary National Diplomas (OND)with a highly competitive tuition fee for transit visa from the Turkish Embassy in into different levels at EUL dependingmost undergraduate programs ($5,000 Nigeria. EUL recruits student throughout on the previous courses taken and theirUSD per academic year). EUL provides the world either through direct applica- relevance to the intended course to becomfortable and affordable accommo- tion or through an Education Agent. undertaken.dation in a conducive environment on EUL accepts students from Nigeria withcampus at a highly reasonable, affordable WAEC or NECO and does not requireCyprus International UniversityCyprus International University campus is situated at the and since its inception, has the development of interna-foothills of picturesque Besparmark Mountains and is ap- tional education as its main ethos. The University placesproximately 5 minutes from the city centre of the capital great value on development and international cooperationand 15 minutes from Ercan Airport. CIU is a recognized resulting in the approval and accreditation by many majorinstitution of higher learning in the international arena accrediting bodies.22 EDUCATION HUB

INTERNATIONAL FOCUSWhy Nigerians patronise CyprusInternational UniversityCIU endeavors to meet the housing needs will be granted 25% reduction of their The university organizes its own Englishof all students and currently provides tuition fees. Ambassador scholarships are Language proficiency test at no cost to17 high quality, comfortable and well- opened to students that have opted for the student. Prospective students whodesigned on-campus accommodation the all inclusive package provided they possess High National Diploma (HND)buildings providing free and unlimited apply based on academic achievement certificates are directly admitted intoaccess to internet, bookshelves’, fridges, or sport performance. The all inclusive CIU’s Masters degree programmmesdesks and office chairs, beds, mini fridge, – package for most programmmes at the while credits can also be transferred fromlandline telephones and TV connection. undergraduate level varies depending the Nigeria universities to relevant pro-CIU on-campus apartment consists of on room sharing arrangement but starts grammes of CIU.two types studios and apartments both from a base cost of € 6,700 per academicwith different sharing options .CIU offers year while tuition fees for most under- CIU parades a team of highly qualifiedan all inclusive package comprising of graduate programmmes is put at €3,610 and supportive international team whodiscounted tuition fees + accommoda- Euros per year which places the school at are always available to give support to thetion + meal (3 times daily). However, a very competitive advantage. students all the way through their studiesstudents are not compelled to purchase in Cyprus. The member of Nigerian stu-the all inclusive package as students Admission process is fast, online dents studying at CIU is increasing by thecan freely choose between on - campus based, convenient and smooth. It takes a year; the international team also makesaccommodation + meal or without meal maximum of two weeks to get a decision periodic visits to Nigeria to have one-onor live at private residences off campus on one’s application from the University one interaction with prospective students.altogether. and depending on the applicant’s readi- The university works with agents across ness, all the application processing, visa the world to recruit suitably qualified CIU offers scholarship opportunities and actual resumption on campus may be students into their various programmes.and discounts to international students. facilitated or completed with 4 - 6 weeks. Some of the agents they work with inAll tuition fees for international students Nigeria are IKOG CONSULTING. It is theare already discounted by 37%. Further- For Nigerians seeking admission into responsibilities of the agent to give propermore, sibling scholarship is available to CIU, WAEC or NECO is acceptable with a counseling to prospective students andbrother and sisters studying together at minimum of five credits including English guide them through the application andCIU provided they are able to provide Language. Nigerians with a WAEC grade visa processing stages in addition to pre -evidence of relationship as each of them of “C” in English Language need not take departure briefings. language proficiency test or examination.EDUCATION HUB 23

INTERNATIONAL FOCUSTestimonials --Benjamin GiftStudying abroad is gaining popularity among Nigerian scholars in recent times. This can be attributed to a lot of factors fromincessant strike actions to poor funding and infrastructural decay, amongst some other factors. In order to convey a first -hand andundiluted information to our readers, Education Hub Magazine took its time to meet with and gathered testimonials from individu-als who are currently or have completed their studies abroad.Q. Can we meet you? abroad not in Nigeria where a lecturer ally graduate at the nick of time. My name is Obaoye Adenike Titilayo, a might be repeating the same thing or Q. what lessons would you have illustration for several sessions. Lecturersstudent of Willy Brandt School of Public take pain to update themselves regularly loved to be replicated in NigeriaPolicy, Berlin Germany. I am undergo- and there is absolutely no period of inter- education system.ing a Masters degree in Public policy and ruption in study time by unnecessary dis-Good Governance at the University. I tractions such as strike actions, cultists’ It is passionate appeal to Nigerianpreviously had Masters in English Lan- attacks and students’ unionism. I have Government to invest more in the educa-guage from the prestigious University of studied under both systems and I know tion sector; engage in regular trainingIbadan and a Bachelor of Art in English exactly what I am talking about. It is so of teachers and employment of qualifiedand Literary Studies from the Lagos State much joy for you to know that you put in teachers. On their part, teachers shouldUniversity, (LASU). I worked for three for an 18 months programmme and actu- continuously keep themselves updated.years as a Program Officer at West AfricaNetwork for Peacebuilding Nigeria before Q. In what areas do you thinkI took the decision to pursue another Nigeria education System performsMasters in Germany. better than that of Germany? Q. What informed your decision I don’t think Nigeria does anythingto study abroad? right that is absent in Germany. I have always loved travelling and Q: How were you able to adaptwanted to try the educational system and settle in properly in school andoutside Nigeria. Germany, in particular. Q. What are those things you find It was easy for me to adapt becausedifferent about studying abroad? I have been travelling outside Nige-We mean the difference between the ria before my studies and again I amGerman education system and that of someone who is open and willing to learnNigeria. new things. The only challenge I had is the weather during winter but I am now What I found so different about study- coping well.ing abroad are many but I would catego-rize them under three themes. Firstly, the Q. what is your advice to anyoneteaching pattern or style is different. Here who desires to study in Germany.in Germany, teachers do not exhibit mas-ter - servant relationship. Respect is re- For anyone coming to Germany tociprocal. Teachers are down to earth and study, I would advice such a person tosee their students more like colleagues have basic knowledge of German lan-and go a long way in promoting easy guage as this will go a long way to helpaccess to the teachers thereby increasing him/her adapt quickly.students’ knowledge and understandingof the course(s). Secondly, the two cur- Q. Can we meet you? because I am aricular – German & Nigerian – are miles My name is Akinyosoye Olumide naturally calmapart. In German schools, particularly Micheal, an ex- student of European and quiet per-my university, curriculum is regularly University of Lefke, Cyprus. I hold a son which thisupdated and adapted to contemporary Masters degree in Business Administra- country offersissues and use in real life situations. tion (MBA) and Bachelors in Computer me perfectly.This to me explains why there are more Engineering/Science from the same Q. Do youbreakthroughs in research from the de- University. I lived in Cyprus for over see any dif-veloped nations and this accounts for the four years as an international student ference inease with which the developed nations at EUL. the educa-are able to proffer quick intervention Q. Why did you opt for study tion systemon issues that are capable of turning the abroad? of Cypruswhole world into desolate. Furthermore, Getting qualitative education at the and that of Nigeria?the curriculum is developed in such a scheduled time was a top priority for I would say that what I find very dif-way that teaching ads are often used, this me. This I knew could only be achieved ferent about studying abroad is thatin my opinion assists students to relate outside the shore of Nigeria. Cyprus, teaching is more practical than theo-directly with what is being taught in class. and the European University of Lefke retical. Exposure to practical aspectLastly, information is updated regularly in particular was a perfect choice for me of my course helped to deepen my24 EDUCATION HUB

VALUE ADDED INFORMATION ---- Kehinde Oginni Esq (Regulatory Compliance Consultant)Procedures for establishingInstitutions of Higher Educationin NigeriaThere is an upward shift in “19A. An institution of Higher Educa- Schedule to this Act for establishment of demand for Higher Education tion may be sponsored or owned by the institutions. in Nigeria in recent times. A Government of the Federation or of State reaction to this demand has oc- or Local Government or by any of the “19B. (1) Application for the establish-casioned the birth of various institutions following, that is:- ment of an institution of higher educationof higher learning in various states of the shall be made to the Minister: federation. Despite the increase in the a. By a company incorporated in Nige-number of higher institutions in Nigeria, ria; or a. In the case of a University, throughdemand continues to grow. This creates the National Universities Commission;a platform of opportunities for investors b. By an individual or association ofand education service providers many individuals who are citizens of Nigeria, b. In the case of a Polytechnic or Col-of which are interested in making an and who satisfy the criteria set out in the lege of Agriculture, through the Nationalentrance into the big education market. Board for Technical Education;The Nigerian Education system is solelyregulated by the Government under its c. In the case of a College of Education,Education Ministry with various organs through the National Commission forand parastatals for ease of supervision Colleges of Education; andand coordination. The National Universi-ties Commission is directly responsible d. In any other case, through thefor the regulation, coordination and su- Director-General of the Federal Minis-pervision of Higher Education in Nigeria. try of Education, in accordance with the guidelines prescribed for making the Pursuant to the recommendations of application.the National Universities Commission onthe review of Higher Education in Nige- (2) No State, Local Government orria, the Federal Government of Nigeria tertiary institution shall benefit from thehas approved guidelines for the establish- education tax with respect to a tertiaryment of higher institutions of learning institution unless the application for thein Nigeria. Relevant excerpts contained establishment of that tertiary institutionin the Education (National Minimum was made in accordance with the provi-Standards and Establishment of Institu- sion of subsection (1) of this section.tions) Amendment Act No. 9 of 1993 arereproduced hereunder: (3) No person shall be granted approv- al to establish an institution of higherunderstanding and appreciation of the school and Cyprus at that education unless the criteria set out in thethe course as I was able to relate with time? Schedule to this Act have been satisfied.all that I was taught in real life. The Coping was hard at the beginning.University parades renowned and first The weather, getting to learn new Pg. 26class teachers, these teachers serve as culture and language, making newmotivation for students to study hard friends and a whole lot of new, funnyin order to meet the demands of the lifestyle were really very challenging.teachers which is to follow well in class Over time, I settled in perfectly. Theand excel at examinations. Lastly, the school and my foreign friends made itenvironment is safe and conducive easier for me.for learning to achieve success. Thishelped me a great deal. Q. Any advice for anyone who Q. Can you say of any area desires to study in Cyprus.where the Nigerian educationSystem is better than that of For anyone coming to study inCyprus? Cyprus, I would advice such a person to be focused and determined, define None. I can’t think of. your goals as this will help you shut Q: Did you encounter any prob- out distractions. Learn to cultivatelem living and settling down in good manners, be prayerful and trust in God.EDUCATION HUB 25

VALUE ADDED INFORMATIONCriteria for establishing anInstitution of Higher Education1.) The academic structure and spread site. aspirations of Nigeria.of discipline of the institution shall be (2.) The site distance from an urban (10.) To create and sustain credibil-such as would cater for areas of feltneeds. complex shall take into account availabil- ity and confidence from the start, the2.) (1) Evidence shall be produced to ity of municipal services, including water, administrative structure of the proposedshow that the institution would be pro- transportation, private accommodation, institution shall not depart too radicallyvided with adequate: communication and other consequential from established norms.a. Funding, both Capital and Recur- inadequate in its Community.rent; (11) The library, laboratory and work-b. Academic and Support Staff. 7.) (1) A proposed institution shall shop facilities including instructional3.) The proposed staffing guidelines have an adequate environment base and tools and consumables, shall be adequateshall meet with current guidelines of; shall be open to all Nigerians irrespec- and there shall be long - range plans for(a) The National Universities Commis- tive of ethnic derivation, social status, sustaining them.sion; religious or political persuasion.(b) The National Board for Technical (12) The planning and feasibility reportEducation; or (2) Accordingly, its laws and statutes of the proposed institution shall include(c) The National Commission for Col- shall not conflict with the conventional proposed contracts and affiliation withleges of Education, as the case may be, responsibilities in academia or interfere existing similar institutions and plans forstaff ratio, based on the courses contem- with avowed traditional institutional cooperation and interaction.plated. autonomy.4.) The Federal Government must be (13) The criteria set out in this Sched-satisfied that, on approval being given, (8.) To pre-empt problems of inad- ule shall also apply to a proposed institu-the source of funding and necessary equate municipal facilities, the proposed tion which is an Open University exceptfunds will be available. institution shall have a clear policy on that:5.) The Federal Government or its student and staff accommodation andaccredited agency shall ascertain and be catering services. a.) The minimum land area require-satisfied itself that; ment shall not apply; and (9.) The proposed institution shall have a well-articulated mission and set of b.) Guidelines prescribed by the ap- objectives which may be original and in- propriate authority as regard technical novative but unequivocally in consonance infrastructure for functional and effective with the socio-economic and political operation shall be satisfied.a.) The fixed and enabling assets, that Procedure and Legalis funds, land movable and immovable requirements for theassets, are appropriate for establishing establishment of a Privatethe institution in the light of such factors University in Nigeriaas;i. The type of institution envisaged,ii. Its philosophy and objectives,iii. The cost of goods and services pre-vailing at the time;b.) The assets shall be assigned to theinstitution on approval being given forthe institution to be established; andc.) The applicant has supplied a con- i.) Application in writing, addressed to be Executive Secretary, stating the intent forcrete and guaranteed source of financial the establishment of the University,support for the University to the tune of ii.) Issuance of N1,000,000.00 Bank Draft in favour of NUC for ten (10) copies of Ap-N200 million, N100 million for Polytech- plication Form;nic or Monotechnic, and N50 million for iii.) Issuance N5,000,000.00 Bank Draft in favour NUC for processing of the applica-a College of Education, over a period of 5 tion (inclusive of verification visits);years. iv.) Academic Brief;6.) (1) A proposed institution shall v.) Physical Masterplanhave clearly spelt out master plan for vi.) Counterpart of Deed of Assignment;infrastructural and programme develop- vii.) Certificate of Incorporation/Registration Proprietors;ment for at least 20 to 25 years which viii.) Deed of Assignment/Certificate of occupancy;shall make adequate provision for:- ix.) University Law;a.) Plan space, aesthetic beauty and x.) Letter of Available Liquid Cash; andfixed financial assets; xi.) Bank Guarantee of Funds to the tune of N200 Million from a reputable Bank.b.) Minimum land area of 100 hectaresfor a University, 50 hectares for a Poly- Note:technic or Monotechnic and 25 hectares Items (x & xi) could be submitted to the Committee at the time of its second veri-for College of Education, in a salutary fication visit to the proposed university.26 EDUCATION HUB

LEARNING CURVEEnglish Words that are oftenmisspelt: Their parts of speechand meanings1. Absence: It is a state of being away from a place or per- 23. jewelry - personal ornaments, such as necklaces, rings,son (noun). or bracelets, that are typically made from or contain2. Apparent : To be clearly visible or understood; jewels and precious metal. (noun) noun: jewelryobvious(Adjective) 24. judgment - the ability to make considered decisions or3. Atheist: This is person who disbelieves or lacks belief in come to sensible conclusions. (noun )the existence of God or gods (Noun). 25. leisure - time when one is not working or occupied; free4. Believe – to have confidence in the truth, the existence, time.( noun)or the reliability of something, although without absolute 26. liaison – communication or cooperation which facilitatesproof that one is right in doing so ( Verb) a close working relationship between people or organiza-5. calendar – a chart or series of pages showing the days, tions.( noun)weeks, and months of a particular year, or giving particu- 27. library – a building or room containing collections oflar seasonal information ( Noun) books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded6. collectible - able to be collected( adjective) music for use or borrowing by the public or the members7. column - an upright pillar, typically cylindrical and made of an institution.( noun)of stone or concrete, supporting an entablature, arch, or 28. license – grant a licence to. (verb)other structure or standing alone as a monument( Noun) 29. maneuver – a movement or series of moves requiring8. conscience – an inner feeling or voice viewed as acting as skill and care. (noun)a guide to the rightness or wrongness of one’s behavior( 30. millennium – a period of a thousand years, especiallyNoun). when calculated from the traditional date of the birth of9. conscientious – (of a person) wishing to do what is right, Christ. (noun)especially to do one’s work or duty well and thoroughly( 31. mischievous - causing or showing a fondness for causingAdjective) trouble in a playful way.( adjective)10. discipline - the practice of training people to obey rules 32. misspell – spell (a word) wrongly. (verb)or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct dis- 33. neighbor - a person living next door to or very near toobedience( Noun) the speaker or person referred to.(noun)11. embarrass (ment) – a feeling of self-consciousness, 34. perseverance – persistence in doing something despiteshame, or awkwardness ( Noun) difficulty or delay in achieving success. (noun)12. exhilarate - make (someone) feel very happy, animated, 35. precede – come before (something) in time. (verb)or elated(verb) 36. privilege - a special right, advantage, or immunity13. Fascinate: attract the strong attention and interest of granted or available only to a particular person or group.(someone)( Verb) ( noun)14. fiery - consisting of fire or burning strongly and brightly. 37. pronunciation - the way in which a word is pronounced.( adjective) (noun)15. foreign – of, from, in, or characteristic of a country or 38. questionnaire – a set of printed or written questions withlanguage other than one’s own.(adjective). a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey16. gauge - an instrument that measures and gives a visual or statistical study. (noun)display of the amount, level, or contents of something. 39. referred - mention or allude to. (verb)(noun ) 40. rhyme - correspondence of sound between words or the17. guarantee - a formal assurance (typically in writing) endings of words, especially when these are used at thethat certain conditions will be fulfilled, especially that a ends of lines of poetry. (noun)product will be repaired or replaced if not of a specified 41. sergeant – a rank of non-commissioned officer in thequality.( noun) army or air force, above corporal and below staff ser-18. harass subject to aggressive pressure or intimidation. geant. (noun)(Verb) 42. threshold –a strip of wood or stone forming the bottom19. hierarchy - a system in which members of an organiza- of a doorway and crossed in entering a house or room.tion or society are ranked according to relative status or (noun)authority.( noun) 43. tyranny – cruel and oppressive government or rule.20. humorous – causing laughter and amusement; comic. (noun)(adjective ) 44. vacuum - cruel and oppressive government or rule.21. indispensable - absolutely necessary.( adjective) (Noun)22. inoculate - treat with a vaccine to produce immunity 45. weird - suggesting something supernatural; unearthly.against a disease; vaccinate.( verb) (adjective) Pg. 28EDUCATION HUB 27

LEARNING CURVELet’s learn some few words inlocal Nigerian languagesAfterall there is no harm in trial. Exposing oneself to some new words in various languages might be crucial at one pointin time or the other. Join us as we learn basic words in Igbo, Yoruba and Hausa languages.Learn some New Languages A child is expected to start a properENGLISH YORUBA IGBO HAUSA school environment starting from ageFATHER Baba Nna Baba two and by that age, a child is expectedMOTHER Iya re Nne Uwa to start talking and identifying thingsBROTHER Egbon kunrin mi Nwonem Nwoke Wa around him/her. At this age, they areSISTER Egbon birin mi Nwanem nwanyi Yaruwar curious to know what ever thing thatUNCLE Egbon kunrin Dede Kawuna they come across especially coloursAUNT Egbon birin Dada and shades. They love colours andNIECE Aburo Nwa nwanne Yardangi shades, so they should know the namesNEPHEW Aburo Nwoke nwa nwannem Dan wa of colours and basic shapes and asCOUSIN Egbon Dan Uwan parents, we must learn to call thingsI Emi Gi wa Na by their real names and not see themWE Awa Anyi wa Images as babies so that they can grow withUS Awa Anyi wa Mu mental alertness with full knowledge ofTHANK YOU O se Daalu Nagode things around them. As they are grow-GOODBYE O dabo Ka o di Ban kwana ing and learning they might not talkWELCOME Kaabo Nno Maraba right because they are still babes buyHELLO Pele o Nnoo Sannu we need to correct them when they talkSORRY Ma Binu Ndo Yihakuri because that is the time to catch themPLEASE Jowo Por favor Don allah young.EXCUSE ME Motoro gafara Cheregodi Gafara dai So as from age two, I feel a child should leave home to a proper learning envi-VOX POP ronment. Mrs. Imahe Irena Every child needs to be trained right from The School Head, 9 months minimal but this depends on the Marvel Angel Pre-school. parent especially the mother. If they have the time to take care of the child fine they can keep them at home, if not they should allow them to start going to school. From age one and half years, it is advisable not to keep them at home, so parents need to send their children to school because at that age children are getting closer to the age we call ‘troublesome tool or terrible tool’. Also at that age a child begins to develop individu- ality; the child is trying to learn new things and if parents are not careful, it may cause a lifetime trouble for the parents. Titilola Oyewole Proprietor Arrowheads Model School28 EDUCATION HUB

INSPIRATIONAL NEWS10 Year old British - Nigerianadmitted to study MathematicsDegree at the Open University,United KingdomA10-year-old British-Nigerian ated bottlenecks in her way to achieve to talk to the Vice Chancellor. After they girl, Esther Okade, has been it earlier in life. “Esther is doing so well. interviewed her, they realized that this admitted into the UK Open She took a test recently and scored 100 has been her idea from the beginning.” University to study for a Math- percent,” the proud mother said. “Apply-ematic degree, even though she had never ing to the university was an interesting She said she had to stall Esther forbeen to a school. Esther, from Walsall, process because of her age. “We even had three years until August last year whenWest Midlands, was home-schooled by she applied to the Open University. “Buther 37-year-old mathematician mother, I was afraid it was too soon. She wouldOmonefe Okade, same as her 6 year old say, “Mum, when am I starting?”, andkid brother Isaiah Okade, who is already go on and on and on. Finally, after threestudying for his A-levels. years she told me, “Mum, I think it is about time I started university now”.’ Both have never attended a regular The mother said her daughter was elatedschool and the only classroom they know when she was accepted by the universityis the living room of their semi-detached, in December. So was her father, Paulthree-bedroom house which their mother Okade, a 42 year old Managing Director.”converted. I cannot tell you how happy and proud I am as a father,” he said “The desire Mail Online reports that the young un- of every parent is to see their childrendergraduate passed the General Certifi- exceed them, and take the family name tocate of Secondary Education (GCSE), UK great heights, and my children have doneequivalent of the Senior Secondary Cer- just that.” Esther will be studying for hertificate Examination (SSCE) in Nigeria, at degree at home, just as she has studiedage 6, scoring a C in Mathematics. all her life. “For now we want her to enjoy her childhood as well as her maths,” She also passed her A-levels with B Mrs Okade said. Much of Esther and hergrade in Pure Mathematics and now brother’s success could be credited toplans to study up to PhD level before run- their mother who has made geniuses outning her own bank. of them from her makeshift classroom. Mrs. Okade said her daughter hadalways wanted to study for a degreefrom age 7 but her age has always cre-EDUCATION HUB 29

EYE ON EDUCATION BUSINESSHow would you like to Ff(inu+ugn2n.m3cm4oi8im@l0oi)3lka4o7Pg0ac0do9on2ns7uu,lt-manage your School? ful teaching and learning in schools.Education which can be either be put in place early enough for effective 5. Staff recruitment: Getting staffing formal or informal has been in learning. right in any organization is the magic existence long before the estab- 2. Discipline: A good administrator wand for success and excellence. There- lishment of organized schools. does not compromise discipline. Punctu- fore, the management should endeavourTherefore, education itself is life and life ality is the soul of business and this must to hire competent staff both teachingis education. Education can be said to be be given utmost priority. Attendance at and non-teaching in order for them toa process of learning to live a meaning- school must be properly monitored. Dis- perform their assignments with minimalful, acceptable and successful life within cipline must be extended beyond students the guidance and supervision. The prepa-the society. Due to this fact, education is to academic and non - academic staff as ration of lesson notes can mar or makebeing supported or set up by community well as parents. This is very important as the teachers’ performance in teaching.leaders, individuals, groups or religious a vehicle to sustain the vision and mis- Therefore, lesson notes must be markedorganizations. sion for which the school was established by senior teachers, who will ensure that in the first instance. appropriate teaching aids and varieties The main purposes of establishing 3. Maintenance: The school environ- of methods are used by the learners at allschools include the followings: ment must be spacious and the classes times. well-ventilated and the classrooms are 6. Funding: Establishing a school is 1.) To make meaningful contributions to be kept clean and tidy at all times. not an easy task. It is capital intensive.to the community to which one belongs Cleanliness is next to Godliness .The Proprietors should device various meanshas been the major factor for establish- school property must be taken care of of funding their schools.ment of private schools especially by and repairs should be made as the need 7. Accreditation: It is imperative for areligious bodies and communities. arises. school owner to get the school accredited 4. Adequate supervision: It is not and/ or registered by all relevant govern- 2.) To produce learners whose success enough to have a school. The teach- ment regulatory agencies. This gives the(es) can be credited to the school and ers need to be supervised at all times in school the image it deserves for successcommunity at large. order to ensure they also comply with the and legal recognition. instructions, rules and regulations of the 3.) To teach students with the basic school. A good manager must be firm. The Proprietor is the Chief Controllerskills needed to excel in life. Firmness is not callousness as it is being within the system assisted by the Princi- erroneously believed by those seeking to pals and other staff including the teach- 4.) To pilot students for academic suc- compromise standard at the altar of per- ing and non-teaching staff. The influencecess and prepare them for white collar sonal comfort. He must have initiatives, of government on schools through itsjobs or to become successful entrepre- orderliness of habits, self - control and ministries is overwhelming and produc-neurs, innovators, researchers and solu- high sense of responsibility. Above all, tive in the running of the school. Othertion providers. he must be capable of building a strong stakeholders in education sectors are the structure for the schools supervision students, their parents, religious bodies 5.) To instill a culture of good charac- internally while the external supervision and the various communities where theter, sound judgment and discipline into is maintained by the relevant Ministry schools are located. These aforemen-students. of Education and other agencies saddled tioned exercise a lot of indirect control on with the regulation and monitoring of the schools as they combine to make the 6.) To produce useful and responsible education. Supervision is key to success- system workable and productive.citizens capable of making valuablecontributions to the larger community infuture 7.) To make profit, provide means oflivelihood and maximize shareholders’wealth. The following criteria are to be con-sidered by proprietors or promoters ofschools prior to setting up of schools:1. Planning ahead: The long term ob-jectives, vision and mission of the schoolneeds to be clearly spelt out by the Man-agement of the school. Conduct feasibilitystudies or write a business plan detail-ing the specifics that guarantees successand identify potential risks and how toconvert the identified risks to opportu-nities. Proper planning has to be madeby the school administrator ahead for asuccessful term or session while adequateprovision also must be made for all thestudents before resumption for each termor session. The assets of the schools must30 EDUCATION HUB

CAREER CENTRE Okolie Samuel Nnamdi EsqLaw as a ProfessionIn the words of Late Justice Chuk- wudifu Oputa, JSC, ‘it is by the law, with lawsuits resulting from a dispute other environmental issues. with the law and through the law between or among individuals. Civil  Family Law: This applies to legal that we live from the cradle to the litigation is concerned with matters suchgrave.’ The above quotation serves to as breach of contract, debt collection, relationships between family members.buttress the importance of law in any personal injury, amongst others. Issues in family law include marriagegiven society. It is for this reason that the contracts, divorce, child custody, adop-practice of law has to be galvanized under  Constitutional Law: This is a tion, wills and estate planning.a professional body in Nigeria called the branch of public law dealing with pow-Nigerian Bar Association - a body with ers of the Federal Government and the  Immigration Law: Federal lawsthe responsibility to regulate how its division of powers between the Federal control the entry of non-citizens into themembers conduct themselves or practice and the federating units. Constitutional country and as such immigration lawyersthe trade for advancement of the society. lawyers handle issues such as equality assist clients in applying for entry, resi-Due to the relevance of law in our society, rights, freedom of expression, security dent permits, expatriate quotas and otherany mistake or misdeed of lawyers will and democratic governance. immigration related matters.definitely have an adverse effect on thesociety.  Corporate and Commercial  Intellectual Property Law: ThisWhat It Takes to Study Law in Ni- Law: It deals with the formation and refers to the ownership rights upon cer-geria maintenance of businesses. Corporate tain kinds of creative endeavours. Intel- and commercial lawyers handle contracts, lectual property law protects ownership A person aspiring to study law at liability, mergers, structured financing through copyrights, patents, trademarksundergraduate level in any Nigerian and other business related matters. and industrial design registrations.university is required to have completedsecondary school education and passed  Criminal Law: This aspect of law  International Law: This is athe West African Senior Secondary governs crimes against the public and branch of law that governs the interac-School Certificate Examination or Nation members of the public as opposed to tions and relationships between nations.Examination Council Examination with civil litigation which deals with private International law experts may be hired byat least 5 credits in arts and social science dispute. Lawyers with specialty in this national governments and internationalsubjects including but not limited to area of law may work for the government organizations, or work in the privateEnglish Language, Mathematics, Govern- as a prosecutor or represent the accused sector focusing on the interpretation ofment, Economics, and Literature-in-Eng- persons as a defence counsel. treaties and related laws.lish or Biology and other related subjects.Candidates are admitted into the faculties  Environmental Law: This covers  Labour and Employment Law:of law in Nigerian universities either by legislation and regulations relating to the This deals with the rights and obligationsdirect entry or by undertaking the Uni- interaction of humans with the environ- of employers, workers and union mem-fied Tertiary Matriculation Examination ment. Environmental lawyers deal with bers. Lawyers may advise management,(UTME). Direct entry candidates are matters such as air pollution, wilderness labour unions or government on issuesadmitted into the second year of the five- preservation and waste disposal, among such as employment standards, work-year LLB degree programme while those place health and safety, and industrialenrolling through UTME begin from the relations and pension matters.first year. It takes five years to complete alaw degree in Nigeria. Upon completion,  Property Law: This deals with thegraduates are awarded an LL.B ‘Bachelor acquisition, sale, financing and develop-of Laws’ degree. After this, the gradu- ment of buildings. Real estate lawyersate will proceed for a compulsory one may work for developers, tenants, inves-year vocational training at the Nigerian tors, banks or corporations on matterslaw school following which successful relating to residential or commercial realcandidates from the Nigerian Law School estate.will be called to the Nigerian bar and beenrolled at the Supreme Court of Nigeria  Trusts & Equity: This regu-as Barristers and Solicitors. lates the purchase and sale of securities (financial instruments such as stocks Legal profession has several areas of and bonds). Securities lawyers typicallyspecialization, some of which are; work in law firms providing services to corporations and financial institutions or  Administrative Law: This is a for governmental commissions focusingbranch of public law dealing with the on regulatory compliance.relationship between individuals and thegovernment. It regulates the power of  Tax: This deals with the taxes leviedgovernmental administrative agencies by different levels of government. Taxand ensures fair implementation and lawyers may advise corporations on taxadministration of laws. strategies and implications on business transactions, or counsel individuals on  Civil Litigation: This has to do matters such as legal wills and estate planning.  Other Areas: In addition to the practice areas listed above, there are many other fields of specialization in the legal profession (antitrust, entertainment, health, municipal, sports, etc.).EDUCATION HUB 31

CAREER CENTREFew Notable Law Personalties inNigeria – Dead and AliveIn Nigeria, many lawyers have distin- publication in Nigeria. He was also a returned Nigeria to the path of civil rule.guished themselves in the legal profes- fierce and uncompromising human right 8.) Mr. Femi Falana: An ami-sion and has made several landmark lawyer who confronted military dictator-achievements. ship at the risk of his life. He was the able and forthright lawyer who is often most victimized lawyer by the military referred to as ‘lawyer of lawyers. He is a 1.) Late Christopher Sapara Wil- dictoators. He was a Senior Advocate of human and civil rights activist per excel-liams: He was the first Nigerian to be Nigeria. lence. He joined the late Chief Gani Fawe-enrolled into the Nigerian bar on 30th hinmi in fighting military dictatorshipJanuary 1888. 5.) Folake Solanke: She is the first to a standstill. He is always determined, female lawyer to be conferred with the resolute and fearless to speak truth to the 2.) Chief Rotimi Williams; He is Senior Advocate of Nigeria. She is a Se- power even at the risk of his life. He is aseen as the father of the legal profes- nior Advocate of Nigeria Senior Advocate of Nigeria.sion in Nigeria. He alongide with NeboGraham Douglas were the first to be 6.) Chief Wole Olanipekun: He is a 9.) Prof. Itse Sagay: A mobile andconferred with the prestigious Senior quintessential Nigerian lawyer and also a foremost constitutional law expert whoAdvocate of Nigeria in April 3rd 1975. member of the inner bar. Since the return had prosecuted and defended landmark of democracy in Nigeria, Chief Olanipe- cases bothering the interpretation of 3.) Chief (Aare) Afe Babalola: He kun has represented most of the victori- the Nigerian constitution. He exudestook the legal profession to an immacu- ous presidential candidates in election confidence and sometimes may be bluntlate new height. He is the first known petition cases. He was once the President to a fault.Nigerian lawyer to establish a private of the Nigerian Bar Association.university in the country. He is a well - 10.) Justice Aloma Muhktar: Sherespected Senior Advocate of Nigeria. 7.) Dr. Olisa Agbakoba: A former has lots of firsts to her name as she is President of Nigerian Bar Association, the first female Lawyer from Northern 4.) Late Chief Gani Fahwehinmi: Agbakoba is a frontline Maritime lawyer Nigeria and the first female Chief judge inHe democratized the practice of law in and a Senior Advocate of Nigeria. He Nigeria.Nigeria by the publication of the Nigerian was deeply involved in the struggle thatLaw Report, which led the pack in legal The list of notable Nigerian lawyers is inexhaustible. EDUCATION HUB32

CAREER CENTRECareer Opportunities in LawThere are many career opportunities ● Law Enforcement Officer: These are These are:opened to law graduates in Nigeria. These law graduates who join the Police 1.) Private Practice: This involves work-include but not limited to the follow as an Officer as well as Military andcareer choices: Security Agencies such as State ing alone or with partners in a firm● Activist, Human Rights Advocate: Security Services etc. to provide legal services to clients (individuals or corporations). Some This involves working with local or ● Private Detective/Investigator: They lawyers specialize in one or more international human rights groups, are law graduates with investigative practice areas while others engage in government agencies etc. skills good enough start a private general practice.● Barrister & Advocates: They repre- investigations firm or work for one 2.) Public Interest Law: These are civil sent individuals and organizations in rights lawyers who specialize in serv- law courts, setting up a law firm or ● Prisons/Customs/Immigration Of- ing low-income individuals, under- working for established law firms. ficer: These are those in the services privileged or marginalized groups● Court Reporter: This entails working of Prisons, Customs or Immigrations and social causes. These practitio- with media houses as Legal writers Service Officers. ners may work for advocacy groups, or presenters. legal aid clinics and other organiza-● Judge/Magistrate: These are those ● Federal/State Law Enforcement tions with the goal of advancing the who work in the bench or adjudicate Agent: These people are found in interest of the public. for litigants. the Legal or Regulatory Compliance 3.) Government Counsel: These are● Legal Assistant/Paralegal: These Department of Federal/State law lawyers hired by the governments to are law graduates who work in law enforcement agencies such as NAF- render legal advice and representa- firms, NGOs as paralegal staff. DAC, NDLEA,LIRS etc. tion to the governments, their minis-● Legal Secretary: They work for as- tries, departments and agencies. sociations, corporate organizations ● Diplomat: These are those who 4.) Corporate Counsel: These are law- and sometimes NGOs etc. chose to pursue a career in the diplo- yers employed by corporations as● Company Secretary: They are com- matic missions as a career diplomat in-house counsel to work for a single pliance officers who provide com- company and advise on legal matters pany secretarial services in firms, ● Corporate Lawyer: Represent com- related to its business activities. medium and big corporate organiza- panies in law suits on environmen- tions etc. tal, commercial law cases) TYPES OF LEGAL PRACTICE There are the four major segments of le- gal practice out of which one can choose.EDUCATION HUB 33