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FEATURES awake and wandering Insomnia is a sleep disorder that attacks more than “Para masabing may insomnia ka, dapat nae- 10 million adults in the Philippines, as obtained experience ‘yung at least three times a week na from the extrapolated statistics of Health Grades Inc. difficulty in sleeping in a period of three months,” she in 2014. It causes its victims to experience difficulty in explained. falling or staying asleep, waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep, waking She also mentioned the three levels of insomnia— up too early in the morning, or feeling tired even after episodic, mild, and persistent—and stated that its a long sleep. possible cause could be biological, emotional, or psychological in nature. However, Dr. Lucille Evangelista, a licensed clinical psychologist and the director of the Office of Student “Posible kasing kaya ka may insomnia kasi mayroon Affairs and Services, clarified that not all people who kang mental health problem. Posible ring meron pang are experiencing the above mentioned symptoms can iba pang biological cause or biological component automatically be considered insomniacs. kung bakit ‘di ka makatulog. Halimbawa, imbalance ng secretion ng thyroids.” Insider’s plight Since sleep is a basic need, the lack of it can affect “It is very unsettling at night, all the hours I spend a person physically and emotionally. awake trying to fill the time and trying to think of ways to just fall asleep. Thinking about that causes me to feel “A curse that makes you restless” is how Stephanie even less sleepy and then sleep would just ultimately Calleja, 2nd year BA English Language Studies student, elude me.” described insomnia. True enough, as insomnia takes away a good rest, people with this disorder often Insomnia, while being dismissed by most people as experience irritability. something normal, could already be an indication of an underlying medical disorder or could develop into a Other effects of insomnia, as stated by Dr. serious health condition if not treated early. Evangelista, are the inability to function well in school or in work, fatigue, and loss of energy, which can be As Stephanie said, there is nothing wrong with seen in the case of Megellene Bautista, 1st year Fine trying to acknowledge our unhealthy sleeping patterns Arts and Design student. as signs that something is wrong with one’s body. She also advised fellow students to stop normalizing “Bukod kasi sa mahirap makatulog, maaga akong insomnia. magising, as in parang natulog lang ako [nang] mga one hour. Nakaka-drain ng energy lalo na kapag maghapon “It’s not a trend. Quit romanticizing the idea of palagi ang klase.” not being able to sleep at night. We should encourage people to have it checked,” Stephanie added. Sharing the same dilemma, Sophia Cabreros, 1st year BS Development Communication student, narrated her struggles with the disorder. Improvised lullabies Coping with such a difficult condition, these instead of the usual lullabies, pop songs and electronic students have come up with different ways to dance music work better for her. She also likes to read temporarily escape the bedtime monster. educational materials that help her learn and sleep at the same time. “Nakakatawa man pero nagbibilang ako ng tupa or naliligo sa maligamgam na tubig before sleeping, tapos Meanwhile, Sophia relied on caffeine reduction and iinom ng gatas,” Megellene said. excessive movement. Stephanie, on the other hand, does not believe much “I tried getting myself worked up during the day in the power of counting. Instead, she shared different until I got eminently tired, I also tried reducing my attacks that help her battle insomnia. She mentioned caffeine intake,” she said. that listening to music helps her to sleep. However, 99

FEATURES Ending the nightmares While insomnia may seem to be beyond a person’s Dr. Evangelista also suggested avoiding alcohol control, there are actually numerous ways to and caffeinated drinks in the afternoon or even in the combat it. morning. Although some people claim that alcohol intake helps put them to sleep, experts say that it can “Pwede kang uminom ng medications para sa insomnia interfere with sleep quality and may disrupt sleep later pero mayroon rin tayong behavioral techniques na in the night. Meanwhile, caffeine is considered as a pwedeng gamitin to lessen or to treat insomnia,” Dr. stimulant which could make it harder for a person to fall Evangelista shared. or stay asleep especially if consumed late in the day. For medical treatment, people with insomnia can go The director also mentioned monitoring of the sleep to St. Luke’s Medical Center in Quezon City which offers environment to achieve better sleep. “I-check din nila a comprehensive insomnia management program— ‘yung kanilang sleeping environment—‘yung unan, the country’s first multi-disciplinary program which mattress na hinihigaan nila, lighting—kasi posibleng ang targets the disorder. It is composed of specialists such mga ‘yon ang nakakaapekto sa sleep nila,” she added. as neurologists, sleep psychiatrists, sleep doctors, and psychologists. APA advised keeping a dark, quiet, and cool room away from distracting electronics as exposure to light from The center has a portable sleep study machine, having cell phones, computers, or TV screens will likely affect four cardiorespiratory signals or polygraphs, which the level of melatonin, a hormone that regulates one’s record and monitor a patient’s breathing, oxygenation, internal clock. and pulse rate during his or her sleeping hours. Apart from the abovementioned techniques provided Although sleeping pills are also available over the by Dr. Evangelista, other recommended ways by APA are counter, another medication prescribed by doctors is refraining from discussing stressful or anxiety-inducing antihistamines which are commonly used for short- situations before bedtime, maintaining a regular term treatment of insomnia. exercise routine, avoiding late-night meals, curbing nicotine, resisting the temptation of checking the clock, For those who are short on budget, Dr. Evangelista and taking down notes of the things you worry about at suggested the practice of behavioral techniques which night to be read in the morning. could be done on one’s own terms at the comforts of their home. The University, on the other hand, is also doing its part to assist students who are experiencing insomnia. “Yung [behavioral techniques] mga ginagawa natin As mentioned by Dr. Evangelista, those students which makes us form a specific habit para mas maging suffering from the disorder have two options: to visit the maayos ‘yung sleeping pattern natin,” she explained. infirmary or to visit the guidance office. Students may visit the guidance office from 8 AM to 5 PM while the The first one is setting a sleep schedule. Regarding infirmary is open for consultation from 7 AM to 8 PM. this, the American Psychological Association (APA) advises insomniacs to sleep and wake up at the same Through following these techniques and time each day, including the weekends. suggestions, one can hopefully be only a few winks away from a good night’s sleep. ● “Pwedeng pagdating ng alas otso (8 o’ clock), hihiga ka na ng kama, wala ka nang ibang gagawin kung hindi mag-try matulog. Di ka nagse-cellphone, ‘di ka nagko- computer, or wala kang tv, etc. Basta ang stimuli lang ng katawan mo is ‘yung touch nung bed mo sa likod mo,” Dr. Evangelista expounded. Another behavioral technique is avoiding naps in the afternoon. APA explained that taking naps late in the afternoon can interfere with nighttime slumber. Insomniacs are, therefore, advised to take less snooze time to attain more relaxation time. 100

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FEATURES Confessions of concert freaks WORDS BY: NIÑA ANGELA GRACIA C. PEREZ | PHOTOS BY: MAUREEN IRISH D. DE CASTRO Concert money is no joke, but concerts are not jokes either. Of course, attending a live gig or concert would be pricey as we’re not just talking about listening to the playlist we have on our phones or watching music videos anymore. They might take up thousands of bucks from our pockets and test our patience with long queues (and people who cut lines) just to get our tickets and passes; but definitely, everything always ends to be great. Why wouldn’t it be? Concerts give us the best performances and nights ever. Realistically speaking, nothing will ever compare to the feeling of happiness, contentment, and self-satisfaction of seeing our favorite artists in person and hearing them sing the songs of our lives right before us on stage. No doubt, music enthusiasts slash fangirls/fanboys would be a freak for more. Yes, you’re a freak, but you’re definitely not a weirdo. Just a frequent concert-goer like Rich, Sarah, Feanne and Xyrelle—a loyal fan of lit live shows. Rich Kyle Bagui When was your first concert or gig Give five things that are always in experience? Whose concert? your bag every time you go to a live Second year, BS Psychology concert or gig. ► Liveloud Worship Band last 2015 ► Tumbler, rosary, extra t-shirt, The last concert or gig you saw as of now toothbrush, and umbrella ► Emmaus, Liveloud Worship Band in What do you think other fans must learn and avoid when attending Mall of Asia Arena concerts and gigs? How did you come to like going to ► You should respect all artists. concerts and gigs? Some tips for other fans who wish to ► I always love listening to music. have lit concert and gig experiences like yours Those bands that I love influenced me to listen to their songs in a live concert. ► There are so many chances, don’t What are your best and worst give up. If there’s an opportunity, take experiences while you were in a concert that opportunity. or gig? If you would be given a free VIP ticket ► Best thing is when I saw thousands for a concert or gig that is happening soon and of your own choice, whose of lights in the arena, it’s like (seeing) concert or gig would it be? stars at night. Worst thing is when one of the members of the band is not at the ► Ben&Ben concert. Why do you think concerts or gigs are a must-watch to fans like you in spite of the amount of time and money you have to spend just to see them live? ► Their songs are really great and inspiring. 102

FEATURES When was your first concert or gig Give five things that are always in Sarah Elaine Misteola experience? Whose concert? your bag every time you go to a live concert or gig. Fifth year, BS Chemical Engineering ► Up Dharma Down in 2014 ► It depends on the weather and The last concert or gig you saw as of now venue but I always bring an umbrella, jacket, phone, and power bank. I am not a ► The Ransom Collective last “banner person” so I don’t bring banners while attending a concert. December 2018 What do you think other fans must How did you come to like going to learn and avoid when attending concerts and gigs? concerts and gigs? ► I am not actually a crowd person ► Don’t try to take videos and but as I attended a gig in 2014, I was pictures of every song the artist will instantly hooked by the indescribable perform (it’s actually illegal!), just be at feeling while singing along with the the moment and sing along. crowd. As they say, no matter how many times you listen to a song, nothing beats Some tips for other fans who wish to hearing it live. Actually, post-concert have lit concert and gig experiences like depression is as real as it gets. You’ll want yours to attend every concert of your favorite bands over and over again. ► Some fans tend to lose hope or What are your best and worst give up their dream to attend their idol’s experiences while you were in a concert concert due to several reasons which are or gig? not really bad or unfortunate, pero sana huwag mawalan ng pag-asa and will na ► My best experience was during mag-ipon kahit pa-konti konti. Dadating rin yung panahon na makaka-attend Panic! At the Disco’s Pray for the Wicked tayo ng concerts ng favorite artists natin Tour. So far I haven’t experienced at isa ‘to sa experiences na hindi natin something I could call bad experience. pagsisisihan. Why do you think concerts or gigs are If you would be given a free VIP ticket a must-watch to fans like you in spite of for a concert or gig that is happening the amount of time and money you have soon and of your own choice, whose to spend just to see them live? concert or gig would it be? ► Concerts are a whole lot different ► The 1975 in Manila on experience than hearing the songs on September 11! your phone or singing off-key on your own. I can’t actually describe the exact feeling of meeting your favorite artists, but once you’re in that moment, you’ll know what I’m talking about. 103

FEATURES Feanne Aveline Rivera When was your first concert or gig appreciating, supporting, and watching experience? Whose concert? because we, the audience, are moved in Fifth year, BS Chemical Engineering a way that possibly changed our lives for ► June 17, 2011 — Miley Cyrus’ the better. These artists go beyond their jobs to simply entertain us. They reach The last concert or gig you saw as of and touch our hearts, and eventually now make our lives worth living. ► November 11, 2018 – Kpop boy Give five things that are always in your bag every time you go to a live concert group iKON or gig. How did you come to like going to ► Power bank (at least two), water, concerts and gigs? wallet, towel or handkerchief, and ‘yung ► I’ve always felt na hindi ticket (of course). complete ‘yung fangirl life or What do you think other fans must experience ko kapag hindi ko learn and avoid when attending concerts napapanood nang live ‘yung and gigs? favorite artists ko and also the ► Do eat before going to a concert! happiness I feel when I’m in concerts is incomparable. Drink lots of water especially if you’re in the standing area. And, of course, enjoy! What are your best and worst experiences while you were in a concert Don’t film the whole show. Yes, or gig? maganda na may memories ka of the concert sa phone pero mas masarap sa ► Best experience is nung sa Fall feeling if ma-enjoy mo yung show with your own eyes and not through your Out Boy concert. I won a photo op phone screen. Also, don’t feel shy to and it happened two hours before the scream your heart out and cry! concert. My ticket was VIP standing and I was worried na baka malayo na ako sa Some tips for other fans who wish to barricade. I was only 15 years old that have lit concert and gig experiences like time and was super short but when I got yours to the venue, natulak ako nang natulak sa crowd hanggang two persons away na ► It’s really important to save money. lang ako sa barricade. It was really the best experience because I got to see my I always do that. Most of the time naman favorites up close and I even got to hold ina-announce yung dates ng concerts Pete Wentz’ hand when he crowd-surfed! months before the show kaya pwedeng- pwedeng mag-ipon. Medyo nakakahiya I guess the IV of Spades show in DLSL. makipag-usap sa stranger at first pero I wouldn’t call it a bad experience but I when you’re waiting in line sa concerts, got kind of disappointed because I really imposible na wala kang makaka-chikahan! wanted to hear Unique live. It was my Don’t be shy, pare-parehas lang kayong first time seeing them and also their first baliw for your favorites! show without him. But still, kudos and much love to the rest of the members for If you would be given a free VIP ticket putting up a great show! for a concert or gig that is happening soon and of your own choice, whose Why do you think concerts or gigs are concert or gig would it be? a must-watch to fans like you in spite of the amount of time and money you have ► iKON again but in Korea or Japan, to spend just to see them live? and The 1975! ► It may sound corny but this is an honest answer. These artists are worth 104

FEATURES When was your first concert or gig Give five things that are always in your Xyrelle Denise Reyes experience? Whose concert? bag every time you go to a live concert or gig. First Year, BS Nursing ► Last 2016. It was Itchy Worms’ gig. ► Water, towel, fan, power bank, and The last concert or gig you saw as of now other essentials. ► This Band at Ibaan town plaza (B.R. What do you think other fans must learn and avoid when attending concerts Medrano Memorial Plaza) and gigs? How did you come to like going to ► Being an avid fan sometimes is concerts and gigs? not good, minsan hindi na natin alam ► I don’t exactly know how but I nagagawa natin. So dapat we are still mindful as a fan [sa mga kilos natin]. guess from my love for the bands/artists. Some tips for other fans who wish to What are your best and worst have lit concert and gig experiences like experiences while you were in a concert yours or gig? ► Wait for the right time, ‘wag sukuan ► Worst na siguro ‘yung isang beses ang pangarap. na ang tagal bago mag-start tapos walang napala. Best, solid moment with my If you would be given a free VIP ticket friends. for a concert or gig that is happening soon and of your own choice, whose Why do you think concerts or gigs are concert or gig would it be? a must-watch to fans like you in spite of the amount of time and money you have ► Concert or gig by Ed Sheeran! to spend just to see them live? ► They are worth it because they have their uniqueness. No doubt, live shows bring out the best fanboys and fangirls within us. Whether it’s a local or international band or artist, Western or Korean pop star, or a worship group, a concert is a concert. As long as it’s live and all organic, the feeling would be the same euphoric kind—only in different colors. All worth it. ● 105

FEATURES #UNPOPULAROPINION WORDS BY: JACOB A. ESGUERRA and ROSCHELLE R. ZUNIGA PHOTOS BY: ARVIN I. FAIGMANI and RAVEN N. GARME It is no doubt that Twitter is an indispensable platform to voice out divisive opinions or just vent our personal frustrations. And earlier this year, another trend has surfaced our newsfeeds—the so called #UnpopularOpinion which basically means offering two cents in thread literally on everything, ranging from our most petty concerns to the most debatable and controversial topics nowadays. Our fellow Red Spartans have their own versions of #UnpopularOpinion as they shared their dauntless views on different issues in the University. Check them out below. Ijust want to tell the students to keep on reading and internalizing the rules. The rules are actually simple, it is already in the website of the University and they really have to read. Whatever punishment will be given to them, whether it is a minor or major offense, we are also hurt kasi kami ang second parent nila [at] ayaw naming sila ay nagkakaroon ng record. Minsan kasi, hindi naman talaga intensyon ng bata, nagkataon lang na hindi niya alam. Please update themselves, keep themselves informed, and follow by heart and mind the policies of the University para hindi sila nagkakaroon ng record because If there are words na nako-correlate disciplinary record is sa Customs, it’s corrupt, mayaman, a permanent record, smugglers. When I entered the field, people whether it is minor always say “Ay madali kang yumaman”, or major offense. “corrupt ka”, without even knowing ano ba talaga ang role ng customs brokers Assoc. Prof. Eleonor Sepillo especially in trade facilitation. Bureau of Customs is the Assistant Director, Office of Student Discipline I’m very much contented and happy kung anong second biggest Ms. Chato May Villanueva, LCB mayroon tayo [sa BatStateU] kasi naabutan ko ‘yung income generating times na luma pa ‘yung buildings natin, bumabaha agency ng Pilipinas. Instructor, BS Customs Administration pa noon. Ang liit na ng pinoproblema ng students ngayon. Usually, ang problema nila, halimbawa, under Kaya napopondohan ang mga project, one of the biggest contributors ay mga maintenance ‘yung aircon. Ang liit na bagay noon pero broker. As a professor, I’m practicing the profession pero limpak-limpak ba ang kung tutuusin, free tuition naman tayo. Makuntento tayo sa nakukuha ko? No. Hindi ako magmamalinis pero just to defend the profession that I love, kasi pinaghirapan namin ‘to, eh, we spent four years of studying. kung anong mayroon pero dapat mag-strive pa rin para sa At first, I doubted myself [as SSC President,], pero there are people who improvement. Through time, makakapag-adjust rin sila encouraged me to believe in what I could offer them. I stepped out of my kasi naroon pa rin sila sa transition period. Magtanong- comfort zone and conquered the doubts and fears I have. The journey, so far, is tanong sila sa higher not smooth sailing. There are challenges and year kung gaano ba talaga kaswerte obstacles along the way, but I’m not alone. ang batch ngayon, na talagang bigay My co-officers are my source of strength na lahat kahit wifi. Ipagpasalamat natin and the reason why I don’t give up. I can see kasi nakakalimutan na rin natin sigurong their dedication and heart in serving others. alalahaning, oo nga pala ang swerte ko nga Nakakalungkot lang isipin minsang sa kabila pala sa BatStateU. ng pagod, hirap at effort na ine-exert natin Arvin Lloyd Atienza upang bigyan ng magandang serbisyo ang Student Regent kapwa natin estudyante, parang hindi pa rin sapat. Despite those things, nothing or no one can stop our compassion and commitment to serve our fellow Verceriel Bicol students and the University. SSC President, BatStateU PB Main I 106

FEATURES Ang napapansin ko lang, ‘yung mga estudyante natin, pasaway—hindi naman lahat, pero marami. Alam naman nilang kapag Monday to Friday, ‘di ba required naka-complete uniform ka. Kailangan pa bang laging sisitahin iyon? Ang madalas kasing violation ng mga estudyante, sa uniform at ID talaga, incomplete sila madalas. Mahirap na lang rin talagang diktahan ang mga iyan [students] at alam na naman nila ang tamang gawin. Sana mag-aral na lang sila nang mabuti at huwag nang pasaway. Kasi dumaan ang first year, second year, hanggang sa ga-graduate na, ganoon pa rin. Wala na lang rin akong magagawa pero sana magkaroon sila ng displina sa sarili bilang estudyante sila ng BatStateU. Marilou Ayano Magkaroon sana ng proper training at seminars ang mga guards kung Guard, BatStateU PB Main II paano i-approach ang students [para] magkaroon siguro ng mas magandang Napapansin naman natin ang Main I, laging ang communication Lee Audrey Pader ganda ng facilities, then laging nai-improve. between them. Dito sa Main II, parang minsan lang kami mapansin. Hindi magkakaroon Vice President for Internal Affairs, Society of Ngayon, naayos na ‘yung CEAFA pero kung tutuusin at ng magandang kung titingnan natin, mas improved ang Main I. Kapag Petroleum Engineers may event kami, halimbawa ‘yung CHEIN reaction; although regionwide competition ‘yun since nandito ugnayan ang students and officials natin sa school kung walang proper training. kami sa Alangilan campus, hindi masyadong napapansin Kaya tayo may student body. I-a-address muna ito kay student regent, then si dahil mula rito ang nag-organize. Gusto lang naming student regent na ang mag-a-address sa board, then, si board na ang magde- decide kung i-implement ba ito o hindi. Maganda sana kung magkakaroon ng kahit papaano conference for students or student organizations, magkaroon ng open forum mabigyan din kami para sa ganitong issue. Mas marami pang lalabas na ibang issues na kailangang ng atensyon o kahit i-address. ma-appreciate nila at masabi ring ganito Pabor ako sa pagbabayad ng students pala ang mga tao sa na overstaying na sa University. Alangilan. Pero kahit Bilang estudyante, responsibilidad kong mag- limited ang facilities, ayos sa pag-aaral. Kung ako ay mag-fall nagagawan namin short doon, responsibilidad kong panindigan ng paraan. Sana ma- ‘yung consequences. Kung sakaling lumagpas consider din kami. ako sa residency policy, responsibilidad ko nang magbayad ng sarili kong tuition. Margie Pitel Should they ever exceed the residency, at the end of the day, it always comes down External Vice President, PICHE Junior Chapter to how much Julius Mojares Yung tungkol sa you’ve worked instructors na hard for it. If ever President, Society of Development Communicators minsang wala sa klase that happens, we dahil sa dinadaluhan nilang seminars should face the consequences. Education is a right of every citizen pero sana, or trainings. May we should be doing our responsibilities din. Kailangan nating mag-comply sa requirements dahil paaral tayo ng taong bayan, and we cannot put their hardwork to waste. iba kasi na kapag wala, tambak na gawain ang ibinibigay sa mga estudyante. Alam nating mahalaga ang ganoong seminars at trainings para sa pagpapaunlad ng kakayahan at sarili nila, kaso lang, sana huwag namang tambakan ang mga estudyante ng gawain tapos ipapasa rin pagkatapos ng period. Mahirap kasing pagsabay-sabayin dahil may ilang estudyante na hindi lang naman naka-focus sa academics. Alam kong Ruth Eimerren Balmes hindi rin madali para sa ilang teachers nating iwanan o hindi maka-attend sa klase nila pero kung magpapagawa ng mga gawain, iyong akma lang, iyong President, Association of Young Public Administrators kumbaga ay tama lang. ● 107

FEATURES Freedom of the Press: An exposé on silence WORDS BY: AIKOVIN O. CLERIGO and ROLAND R. REYES ARTWORKS BY: ARIEL G. MAGNAYE JR. and LOU REGGIE C. MULINGTAPANG To say that press freedom is being under attack is a myth is to turn a blind eye from the current situation of journalism and reporting that is happening in the Philippines. Journalism is highly regarded for its vital role as the nation’s tool in the assurance of freedom of expression and in keeping the democracy alive. However, throughout the years, this freedom has been riddled with hate which resulted in numerous cases of media-related attacks and killings in the Philippines. As a proof, the country was ranked by the International Freedom of Journalists (IFJ), an organization of media professionals worldwide, as the deadliest country for journalists in Southeast Asia in 2018. To better understand the situation, here is a rundown of events that threaten to silence journalism in the country—witness how close we are to the dangers of living in a suppressed society. 108

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FEATURES Worst-case scenarios unfolding September 22, 1972. On the day after the critical of the current regime, barely six months declaration of Martial Law, through Letter of after Duterte’s second state of the nation address Instruction No. 1, Former President Ferdinand where he claimed that the news site is fully owned Marcos ordered the “takeover and control” of all by Americans. This was only the first of a series of radio and television facilities, newspapers, and attacks against the news organization. magazines in an attempt to prevent the use of media of communications for propaganda purposes against February 20, 2018. Duterte ordered to ban the government. Rappler CEO Maria Ressa and reporter Pia Ranada from entering the Malacañang complex. The ban October 28, 1972. Marcos issued Presidential eventually included all Rappler reporters, even Decree 33 that “penalizes the printing, possession, provincial correspondents, from covering all of the and distribution of leaflets and other materials, and president’s events. even graffiti which undermine the integrity of the government.” March 2, 2018. A little over a week after dismissing the cyber libel case filed by Wilfredo July 10, 1999. Several government-run and Keng against Ressa and Rappler’s former researcher private corporations pull out their advertisements Reynaldo Santos Jr. due to lack of basis, the National from the Philippine Daily Inquirer two days after Bureau of Investigation (NBI) contradicted its the meeting of producers for the request of tax earlier decision and recommended the prosecution breaks with President Joseph Estrada, who had been of Rappler for the same case for the story published openly critical of the newspaper. The president’s in May 2012. This raised the question of the spokesperson has announced the approval of retroactivity of Cybercrime Law which was only tax breaks after the ad withdrawal. Estrada was enacted in September 2012. allegedly behind this ad boycott and it was viewed as an act of intimidation and harassment to tame the November 8, 2018. Duterte heavily assured that press. he will object to the franchise renewal of media giant ABS-CBN because according to him the company February 24, 2006. The Arroyo administration is a group of thieves and swindlers. This was stated issued guidelines for the media to bar news and over three months after clarifying that he will not remarks that are “subversive” and warns the intervene with the franchise renewal of the said media community that the government is closely network. monitoring the press. February 13, 2019. The NBI waited until around November 23, 2009. The deadliest attack against 5 PM to arrest Ressa for a warrant issued the day the media happened at a massacre in Ampatuan, before regarding Keng’s cyber libel case. Ressa Maguindanao province where 32 of the 52 people attempted to post bail but was denied by the judge of killed were journalists. The victims of this hate- the Pasig night court. The warrant issued by the NBI induced crime were brutally murdered and buried also did not include the bail amount which made it using a government-owned backhoe. harder for any judge to accept the bail. This was seen as an age-old tactic of intimidation by making the May 31, 2016. President Rodrigo Duterte said that accused spent the night in detention. journalists are legitimate targets of assassination. “Just because you’re a journalist, you are not March 29, 2019. Immediately after deplaning exempted from assassination if you’re a son of at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport, Pasig a b*tch,” he remarked on media killings in the police officers arrested Ressa in connection with an Philippines. anti-dummy case. The same warrant was issued to six other Rappler executives and has marked the January 11, 2018. The Securities and Exchange seventh case against Ressa and the eleventh case Commission (SEC) ordered the revocation of the over-all against Rappler since Duterte took office. license of Rappler, an online news organization 110

FEATURES Behind the lenses of oppression To get a glimpse of the other end of the spectrum Censorship, as discussed by Capila, branches to the and to better analyze the state of press freedom second evil that curtails the freedom of the press— in the country, The LATHE interviewed Archiebald misinformation. Capila, a writer from the Philippine Daily Inquirer. “In the age of fake news and the like, people now The law student from San Beda University defined have a hard time discerning what is real or not. press freedom as “the ability of those composing Wrongdoers exploit almost every available platform the fourth estate to freely provide the people the there is in order to sway the people into believing false information regarding what is happening in the information.” world.” Capila stressed that not only is it the freedom from censorship, but also the freedom to fully relay Evidently, a surge in various unverified pages socio-political, economic, and other related concerns with mostly political contents and propaganda to those who need and want to be informed of the emerged in social networking sites especially the same. social media giant Facebook during the presidential elections. These pages have been a source of false For Capila, there are two evils that trample upon news and information but have gained numerous the concept of press freedom, the first one being followers and engagements enough to manipulate the censorship. This is a grave threat that has been public’s eye making it harder for journalists to grab witnessed back in the days of Martial Law in 1972 and the microphone and steal the limelight. With these has resurfaced recently with the SEC’s order to revoke two evils becoming rampant in today’s society, the Rappler’s registration. security of a free press remains at stake. “By delimiting the contents of what different media “Today, people are seeing the press as a tool to platforms offer, people receive little to no information criticize the government. It has now garnered a bad relating to important matters that need to be reputation amongst its crowd,” Capila stated. addressed,” Capila remarked. However, he clarified that this only means that the The ongoing ban on Rappler reporters from media is doing their jobs right—to deliver the news to covering Duterte’s events also placed a toll on the the people and hope to gather reactions from them. news site’s reporting as not being physically present in a scene limits what one can write about including “While these reactions may be diverse and polar other potential stories that could further enrich and from one another, the end goal of the press has been support the report. obtained at the end of the day,” he added. Indeed, despite the increasing bullets of threats and attacks against the press, journalists find a way to turn these shots into seeds of opportunity to engage more with the public—to stir up intelligent discourse and encourage critical thinking. As a matter of fact, after the continuous cases of harassment against the press, several media groups, university leaders, and student groups held out left and right protests and rallies condemning the acts against the press with #DefendPressFreedom as their battle cry. These recent attacks and threats, though brutal, also showed that there is still hope and there are people especially the youth which refused to be silent and will stand up to injustices. What remains now is to hope for better days for the country—its press and its people—and to be prepared for whatever lies ahead. ● 111

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115 Dream catcher CONTENTS 116 Wampipti 117 Patawad, Estella 118 What lies tomorrow 120 They say there’s no use in raising kids. 121 Misfit Unkempt 123 Other side of the future 124 If I die tonight 113

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LITERARY Dream catcher WORDS BY: AVAHEL TRSIEL O. BAUTRO | ARTWORK BY: IVANNE BENHUR M. BRIONES Loud music blasts from the tiny “Mama, papa, paano n’yo ba sukatin “Anak, pasensya ka na ha, hindi naman speakers of my phone. Heavy ang taas ng pangarap, sa laki ba ng perang sa kinakampihan ko ang mama mo, metal. I just want to sing, but susuwelduhin? Hindi ko po maintindihan, pero nakikita mo ba ang gusto naming at this moment, I also want to dahil ako, pakiramdam ko, ‘yung pangarap iparating? Hindi sapat ang sipag, ang tunay scream—let my desires pass through the kong maging mang-aawit at manunulat na hamon diyan ay kung may tatangkilik sa walls of my room until my parents hear ng mga kanta, napakataas na. Bakit po ba talento mo.” what I really want to say. ayaw n’yo akong hayaan?” I know all they’ve been telling me is I want to tell them how I always see Thinking about my dream feels like the truth of our industry; that the society myself rocking the stage whenever I I’m chasing something too big for me. itself doesn’t think arts’ worth should be close my eyes, how the words in my Of course, I am not that confident with more than what they acknowledge. mind weave themselves to form a song myself. Will I be able to write songs that on its own; how I’ve always dreamed to the new generation would like? Can I Art is something they admire, but don’t perform and how this is what I’ve always reach this note or can I harmonize well? fully support. Everybody loves aesthetics wanted to do. and anything that’s beautifully created— Doubts fill my head but my desire songs with a catchy beat and lyrics that “Sayang naman ang talino mo kung is stronger than any self-deprecating are so poetic, or movies with award- kakanta ka lang, hindi ka yayaman diyan,” thoughts that waver my self-esteem. winning graphics, good books, and my mother would always say whenever I designer’s collection of bags and clothes, tell her I want to pursue music. “Melody, hindi naman kasi sa yet, they cannot seem to embrace that art pinagbabawalan ka, ang sa amin lang ay is a noble career and an honest profession “Ang mga yumayaman sa pagkanta pagbigyan mo muna kami. Magtapos ka that should be considered equal as those ay maalin lang sa may kapit na sadya sa muna sa kursong gusto namin para sa’yo, white-collar jobs. industriya o kaya naman ay ‘yung magaling kapag nakapagtrabaho at nakapag-ipon talaga.” ka na, ‘yung sasapat para bumuhay sa’yo, “Nagpapakapraktikal lang tayo dito, pwede mo namang gawin ang gusto mo,” anak. Ikabubuti mo lang at ng pamilya ang Since I was a kid, I’ve been asked more my mother tried to tell me in a soothing iniisip namin,” my father tried harder than a hundred times what I wanted to voice, but her words still pierced through to console, “alam mo namang hindi tayo be. I remember them saying, “Anong my dreams. mayaman, panganay ka, at may mga gusto mong maging paglaki mo, doktor o kapatid ka pang mag-aaral kasunod mo. inhinyero?” They would always provide “Mama, hindi propesyon ang sagot sa Tulong-tulong muna tayo rito.” those two professions as if those are the kahirapan, hardwork, ‘ma, hardwork, only career paths a kid must take. alam ko po ang bagay na ‘yon,” I tried With that, I knew that whatever I say to clear my throat, but my voice keeps or however I try to explain that my art We were in kindergarten when we cracking. can provide just enough, I know that this were first taught that art is a pastime, a is not just about the matter of having a hobby—a passion that’s never meant to “Hardwork, tingnan mo ‘yang si Marco, salary anymore, it’s about the assurance be someone’s main source of income. We ‘yung anak ng Tita Mona mo, napakasipag of having a stable job right after I grew up believing that being a doctor or namang bata, kumuha ng kursong pagdo- graduate so I can help provide for my an engineer are the only things that can drawing, nakatapos nga, pero asan ngayon? family regardless of how much I earn. lift us from poverty. Walang trabaho, nasa bahay lang at todo gawa ng komiks na hindi naman mabenta- Follow your heart isn’t always for The music suddenly stops and I heard benta. Ang nakukuha namang pera sa everyone, especially for those who are my father calling me from the other side pagkokomisyon, pagkakaliit at hagya nang not privileged enough to take the path of my door. For how long they had been makabuhay sa isang linggo.” they wanted. Once again, another dream there knocking, I can’t be so sure. has to be repressed for now until the debt They say there’s no money in the arts, I in one’s own family is paid. “Anak, pasensya ka na kanina ha,” he say it’s because they don’t pay our artists started, looking from me to my mother, right. People are used to asking these What else can I say, we are Filipinos, and back at me again, “alam mo namang artists to do things for free because they after all. ● masyado lang mataas ang pangarap namin probably don’t take these jobs seriously. para sa’yo, sa inyo ng mga kapatid mo.” 115

LITERARY Wampipti WORDS BY: NICA MAE P. MONTERO kapag sinabi kong tumakbo ka, simulan mo nang ihakbang ang iyong mga paa, magbilang ka mula umpisa, hanggang sa umabot ka ng labing-isa malakas man ang kabog ng dibdib, nanginginig man ang iyong bibig, luha mo ma’y nangingilid, huwag kang lilingon pagkat baka ika’y makabig, kaunting hakbang pa, makalalayo ka rin sa kadiliman ng tala, bilisan mo pa, baka maabutan ka “huli ka!” dahan daha’y nilingon mo siya at bumulong sa sariling, “katapusan ko na.” “di ba sabi ko, babayaran kita.” ngumiti pa ito na may halong pagnanasa; dinukot ang pitaka at kumuha ng tatlong singkwenta tuluyang nanlaki ang ‘yong mata; binalot ng takot ang kaluluwa; ngunit bibig ay di maibuka; boses ay tila bumara, o baka hindi ka marinig ng madla sapagkat nabingi na sila. ● 116

LITERARY Patawad, Estella WORDS BY: EDMARIE JOY E. PANGANIBAN Sa dawagang iyon, pinatay si Estella, Niyurakan ang puri sa kabila ng pagmamakaawa, Tikom ang bibig ng lahat ng nakakita, Waring hindi narinig ang pagsamo ng dalaga. Mula sa kinatatayuan kong tindahan ni Aling Linda, Kitang kita ng dalawang mata ko ang paghatak kay Estella, Tila ugong ng sirena ang mga pag-iyak niya, Pinipilit kumawala, hinahabol ang hininga. Nagbulag-bulagan ang mga tao, walang nais na magsalita, Nais kong ipagsigawan ang totoo, ngunit hindi ko rin magawa. Paano makakamit ang hustisya para kay Estella, Kung ang mga taong nagkasala ang hahawak mismo sa kaso niya? Kaya patawad, Estella, sa huwad na pananaw, Tanging mga luha lamang ang maipababaon sa iyong pagpanaw, Ang katotohana’y tila bulang unti-unting maglalaho, Katarungan para sayo’y hindi na maipangangako. ● 117

LITERARY Iopened my eyes after three deep breaths “Ma’am, can we have another run of the test?” I and finally sent the single word I had been asked her after handing me the result. typing for what seemed like forever. “This is your third try, Jason. The results will not “Positive.” change even for the next 100 tests unless you start your medication.” I literally have no idea how he would react to this bombshell I just dropped on him, and how it would I knew and I wasn’t surprised. I had been affect our developing relationship. Three minutes careless and exposed to such risky behavior, but passed, and he still hasn’t replied yet despite the hearing the words come out from the mouth of a green sign on his icon. doctor made it so real. Of course, the news is not easy to comprehend— I know the reason why I was sitting in front of even I had to take time before I was able to digest a small desk at the city health office was that I it. No one is to be blamed if this happened to me. needed a valid diagnosis by a professional health Maybe I was just trying to console myself, but practitioner to confirm my condition—not just by maybe I’m not. Mr. Google and the symptoms that show. Maybe it would’ve been different had I only HIV is just a virus in my system and not my new had understood all of these when I was growing definition now. up. I just hope safety measures were common knowledge and not a lesson learned in a hard way. I remember what Dr. Cabrera told me on one of our counseling sessions, “there is no cure yet, but The fear is still there, of course, and I had these there are treatments. You’d still live a long and endless questions of what lies tomorrow. healthy life.” Can I still make my parents proud? Will I still The stigma is still there, but I try to break it by be able to achieve my dreams? How would people educating others, and by encouraging them to react if they knew? Does this mean my life is ruined know their status. I’m not ashamed, nor do I regret forever? anything I’ve done. Maybe it’s true, we learn things the hard way if not by the other way around. I’m I remember coming up to the front desk to ask just an HIV positive; I am still Jason, a person who about the procedure, anxious, head’s down in an can continue to live normally. attempt to hide my face from everyone, hoping that no one will recognize me. I felt my sweat I grabbed my phone and sent another text. Might building on my temple, cold, as I wait for the as well live positively. doctor to call my name. Along the eerie atmosphere of the city health clinic was the underlying stigma. “Get tested. It’s free.” “I’m sorry, you have to hear this. The screening Not a minute later, my phone lights up with his result is positive. You’ll have to meet me once a reply. ● week for counseling,” the doctor said as she read my paper. 118

LITERARY What lies tomorrow WORDS BY: AVAHEL TRSIEL O. BAUTRO | ARTWORK BY: ARIEL G. MAGNAYE JR. 119

LITERARY They say there’s no use in raising kids. WORDS BY: HARRIETTE JOSHUA B. HERNANDEZ | PHOTO BY: BILL JANZENT G. ALFONSO “Whoa” was all Remi could say after reading the chain of profanities flooding her inbox. It turns out that helping the youngsters is not a good thing to do. “Wow! Aren’t you a busybody, Rem?” Her bestfriend Sal fake mocked her as her fingers stalled on the keyboard, not minding if she peeked through the screen or made side comments on almost every reply. “Ummm… that’s kinda too much. Aren’t you gonna tell her?” Sal asked nonchalantly. “Tell her what?” “That she can get into real trouble for what she’s doing. I mean, that’s cyber bullying, right?” Remi stopped typing. Looking up at Sal, a small smile curled into her lips. “You know, I almost forgot about that.” “I noticed. How old is she, anyway?” “18? 19, I guess?” Short silence followed. “Oh no.” Sal replied with a hint of sarcasm. “Oh yes.” ● 120

LITERARY Misfit WORDS BY: MIRAFLOR B. PEREZ Between the entangled conveyances, roaring street cars, impatient pedestrians, gleaming asphalts, weary vendors, I looked at my twin and laughed at the view. Our sweat drops synced with seconds. It turned red. As usual, we were late. ● Unkempt WORDS BY: MIRAFLOR B. PEREZ 8:59 PM, my thoughts are as disordered as the traffic Eight missed calls, fifty-nine unread messages What should I do? I’ll wait as the traffic clears Then cars started flowing like my tears ● 121

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LITERARY Other side of the future WORDS BY: BILL JANZENT G. ALFONSO | ARTWORK BY: IAN JOSHUA A. TALAISA I’m currently out of breath, but it’s Scrolling further on Facebook this time of year not asthma; as if my entire bedroom is more frustrating. Your batchmates get on with is turning upside down. I have this their life, while I try to catch my breath, curling overwhelming feeling of emotions right in the corner of my bed. I don’t want to go out now—too familiar, but not in a good way. I am this room anymore, I’m a disappointment. sensing tremor, but as the innocent bottle of People will only mock me. Their judging eyes, water in the table confirmed—there was no their mean thoughts. I may not even get to apparent shaking of the ground. The December’s upload my own graduation picture. Heck, I won’t breeze is wonderful yet beads of sweat are racing even get to pass final defense. And this feeling… on my forehead. I wish I was exaggerating as I this whirlwind of emotions always gets the best pant, I really do. But I am not. I don’t think I may of me. Every time another student posts thesis not be able to finish thesis this semester, yet accomplishments, I am further down in my own again, as with the previous semester, and two sinkhole. semesters before that. This time, the thought of my parents being I have changed topics twice, have changed disappointed entered my mind. Them witnessing advisers, got to defend certain aspects of the me fail so miserably, that idea further elevated manuscript, got yelled at by the cruel chairman my heartbeat. I don’t want them to have of the panel, and still nowhere close to getting supported me this long enough for me to give up. enough data to analyzing my study. I can’t even bear the thought of me surviving on my I can keep pretending this is normal, but own through final defense—there are a lot of it only paralyzes me and distracts me from possibilities. I may get yelled at by the panel focusing on thesis. I am not depressed; I’ve again, they may ask me to change topics again, known people who have undergone such, and I may not even get to march anytime soon. they had talks with experts and are getting Deadline to apply for graduation is only three better. But what is the deal with this pounding weeks shy, yet I am still stuck in this hellish chest? The negative thoughts? college for God knows how long. And this pressure, it gets to me for over a year now. The Perhaps, it is unlike everybody else’s anxiety. I anxiety is there, but everyone’s always worrying may need help. I can’t do this on my own, if only these days, why should my concerns be any someone can guide me. different? I turned my phone off, I’ve had enough dose Everybody else just handles their issues well, of social media frustration for today. Tomorrow, as evident with their hashtag-thesis-defended, I’m gonna have a trip to the guidance counsellor. hashtag-road-to-graduation, hashtag-thank- It will be a start if I want to minimize these you-lord, as if they never had even once episodes. overthought of the things that may get wrong with their theses. They have grinning profile I lied down. My heart is as if knocking again. pictures on their baccalaureate gown; and I have But this time, I think I know better. ● to pretend I am happy of them moving forward while I get left behind, one semester after another. 123

LITERARY If I die tonight from The LATHE’s Dugtungang Tula during SSC PB Main I’s Kick-off 2019 Do not bid me farewell Do not shed tears Do not bring flowers Just talk to me, pretend I can hear you Because with your stories, memories of me continue Just remember me and cherish everything we do As if my heart still beats—even after death I still gasp for air still trying to live Still searching for the lost soul Still fixing those shattered pieces into whole Finding the broken pieces of my own mirror Filling the empty spaces; longing for a savior So do not bid me farewell Because I don’t want to die tonight. ● 124

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128 Initiatives for Calumpang river and its plead to the Batangueño community CONTENTS 132 BatStateU Lobo on extending initiatives for the agriculture industry 138 #Halalan2019 in Batangas 140 Probing the Tawilis threat of extinction 146 From the ashes of Sta. Clara’s tragedy 148 The Lambanog industry amidst setbacks and controversies 154 Provincial veterinarian assures ASF-free pork 155 No diabetes epidemic yet — Health Secretary Duque Shell, Air Liquide initiate PH’s first hydrogen optimization plant 127

DEVCOM Partnerships for rehabilitation Initiatives for Calumpang River and its plead to the Batangueño community WORDS BY: ROLAND R. REYES | PHOTOS BY: CAMILLE FE D. MANGUIAT For seven years, Batangas State University, through its BS Development Communication program stakeholders and Save Calumpang River (SACARM), Inc., has been steadfast in upholding initiatives to aid for the rehabilitation of the Batangas Nile. Onwards to the salvation of the once majestic waterway, a lot still needs to be carried out to regain its pristine status. 128

DEVCOM Roots of rehabilitation In 2013, the river showed excessive fecal coliform Starting from pre-interviews to an established research contamination brought by nearby pig pens waste proposal of then Ms. Vaberlie P. Mandane (now Dr. Vaberlie P. disposal—according to a study by the School of Environmental Mandane-Garcia) for a graduate school prerequisite, the need Science and Management–University of the Philippines Los to gather the residents, barangay officials, and other volunteer Baños (Sesam-UPLB). More so, it showed unsavory results groups was translated into reality through a conference— to the tests conducted that bear witness to the statement, in bringing together policymakers to spark interest for the dying simplest form, that Calumpang River is utterly polluted. river. Through these efforts, SACARM Inc. emerged with Lilia E. Andal as the president, an organization that serves as the Through warning signs, a need for action was amplified and primary group that fulfills initiatives in conducting clean-up the Society of Development Communicators of the University drives, mangrove-planting, and other related activities. saw an opportunity to beam light over the murky river. 129

DEVCOM Fanning the fervor The project entitled “Calumpang: Noon, Ngayon, at screening and live screening stages. Through seed Bukas,” which was spearheaded by the DevCom money, the initiative to spread awareness ran from students along with Dr. Mandane-Garcia gathered the August 2011 to February 2012 and benefitted six community of Batangueños situated near the river communities of Batangas City. for a symposium on the history of the river. Archived pictures and other visual aids depicting the then- This led to future interventions with the clear Calumpang river were presented along with the community together with the local government narration of the elderlies on their experiences on the units in formulating ways to bring back the beauty of river several years ago. Calumpang. The campaign also sparked nationwide interest as media companies helped share the story of An opportunity to materialize the research into the rehabilitation. News outlets published articles on marketing ideas became possible through a private several occasions and volunteers were invited for radio company’s intent of giving endowments. Wasting no interviews. Initiatives such as numerous clean-up time, Dr. Mandane-Garcia formed a group who wrote drives by the University’s development communicators the proposal entitled, “Kalampag para sa Calumpang”. also took place. However, a lot more needs to be This eventually qualified as part of the top 12 teams accomplished. out of 82 entries nationwide that passed the paper 130

DEVCOM Involving the insiders A bright future awaits Calumpang River. Currently, SACARM is still active and the But this can only be achieved with the partnership with the University is still continuation and strengthening of the river flourishing. They are currently in transit to rehabilitation. ● reorganize and rename the organization as Bantay Ilog Calumpang Movement (BICMOVE) to emphasize the actions vital for the river’s rehabilitation. However, Mrs. Andal, lamented that community involvement is still at an all-time low. With livestock farming as a major industry having more than 300 large-scale swine and poultry farm operators in Batangas City and the neighboring municipalities beside the river, proper waste management—a David versus Goliath problem— still exists. Recently, photos of the river covered by green thick moss that resemble water lilies surfaced on social media and may seem a pleasure to some netizens. Unfortunately, it is an indication of eutrophication wherein the excessive discharge of phosphate-containing substances such as sewage and fertilizers rid of oxygen in the water, killing the river as algae exude on the surface. Nonetheless, hope still prevails. As the elderlies dreamed of letting the younger generation experience the bliss of a clean river had done their part, it is time for the youth to continue taking action. Luckily, programs such as building a mangrove nursery was initiated by the Development Communication department. Situated at Brgy. Malitam Wawa, this structure caters seedlings and aims to boost the number of mangrove trees in the riverside communities. Furthermore, government interventions such as warning business establishments particularly the livestock operators, building a waste management facility, and envisioning to create a public recreational walkway beside the river have been discussed by the City Council and are currently in the works. It is true, various hands are collaborating for the development of the river but if the damage brought by the livestock operators and private companies still prevail, hope might as well be crushed for the rehabilitation of Calumpang river. In this case, heightened sanctions must be imposed on the unlawful disposal of waste in the river. In addition, SACARM Inc. insisted that the community itself along with upstream municipalities must take part before it’s too late. 131

DEVCOM BATSTATEU LOBO on extending initiatives for the agriculture industry WORDS BY: EDWARD GLENN L. BAGUI PHOTOS COURTESY OF: BATSTATEU LOBO AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT Batangas State University–Lobo Campus has already proven itself to be a reputable presence in the agriculture industry of the province. Aside from being the only campus in the system which offers a bachelor’s degree in agriculture, the institution has centered on creating ventures towards strengthening the industry as it bared numerous projects and developmental programs which offered benefits not only for the University but also for the Batangueño community. 132

DEVCOM DAIRY PRODUCTION Due to the increasing demand on dairy products in the country, the institution, in partnership with the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) Dairy Science Cluster, initiated a project to support and uphold the existence of local dairy production. Unfortunately, due to lack of resources in manufacturing dairy products such as cheese, butter, and skimmed milk, we have to import such from the highest dairy-producing countries like New Zealand and Australia. According to a study conducted by Mr. Angelo M. Tapia of UPLB about the Philippine dairy industry’s prospect and situation, shortage of dairy stocks is one of the major constraints that the Philippine dairy sector faces today with an eight percent increase in its total imports, as of 2018. The project’s main intent is to produce a variety of grasses which will be used as food for the local dairy-producing animals. This notion is useful especially during summer season where dry spell stunts the supply of grasses for the cattle. The initiative also targets to make the dairy products locally available rather than relying on importation. 133

DEVCOM NURSERY OF COCONUTS Coconut, one of the highly demanded products in the country, is considered as a major export of the nation contributing 3.6 percent to the gross value-added in the agriculture industry next to banana, corn, and rice. Amidst the rapidly growing demand for coconuts, the University observed that the current coconut stands in the Philippines are already old and unproductive. A strain of new, young, and productive coconut stands is deemed to be a viable solution but is hindered by lack of coconut seedlings. The Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA) tapped the University to be one of the co-implementers in sustaining the industry’s needs for coconuts through readily available seedlings. Basically, the two-year project funded by the PCA aims to produce an estimated 120,000 seedlings which will be given for free to all coconut farmers who are in huge need of new coconut trees. Livelihoods which greatly rely on coconut products will be given the opportunity to expand their business horizons. Dharell Abdon, a resident of Lobo, Batangas, mentioned that the idea of planting more coconut trees will help his family for they no longer need to buy coconut products outside the town anymore. 134

DEVCOM MUSHROOM PRODUCTION Currently, mushroom cultivation in the businesses. He also emphasized that the demand country is not given much attention which is always there but entering the industry requires is attributable to the insufficiency of materials the people to have a thorough understanding and local’s limited knowledge about this on mushroom farming and mastery of the culture. In relation, the University, aided by the technologies involved therein. Agriculture Training Institute of Department of Agriculture, established a project to amplify the Nearby villages specifically the community advantages of smart farming over conventional close to the Lagadlarin Experimental Station farming of mushrooms. at Lagadlarin, Lobo are the target beneficiaries of the endeavor. Meanwhile, the institution Dr. Romel Briones, assistant director for coordinated with the Municipal Agricultural agriculture and natural sciences research, Office of Lobo to find reliable farmers who are shared that introducing mushroom production is up to the challenge of establishing an active actually a great approach to extend the livelihood mushroom farming industry in the community. to the immediate community because there are vast opportunities in mushroom-related 135

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GOAT FARMING DEVCOM Commonly raised by most Filipino As the title suggests, the said project farmers is the Philippine strain (also focused on crossbreeding an international known as the common goat) which is a bit and domestic goat which is expected to smaller than the international breed of eventually increase the local farmers’ goats. Apparently, local farmers are in need profit. This includes the proper way of of proper goat farming in order to step up in crossbreeding along with some breeding bigger-sized goats. techniques. The University also gave free kids (younglings of an adult goat) to the Goat farming is a branch of animal farmers so the latter can start investing husbandry which involves raising and efforts with bigger-sized goats. breeding of goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). To engage the local farmers in uplifting On the project’s last year, the institution this sector, the University conducted the trained the locals on goat genetic upgrading “Breeds to Cross the Challenges” project and production which is very vital in goat which started in 2011 and lasted until 2016. farming. These initiatives embody the University’s aspirations in innovation and transformation for the better. The institution saw an opportunity in the province of Batangas and invested in creating solutions and sharing of knowledge to its benefactors. A lot more is in store for the empowerment of the country’s sustenance and Lobo Campus will remain devoted to uplift the community through the agriculture industry. ● 137

DEVCOM Beyond shading ballots: #Halalan2019 in Batangas WORDS BY: MARIA MAY ROSALES | ARTWORKS BY: DANIEL D. DE CASTRO One of the things that bring out certain changes in the streets and walkways of Batangas is the election season. For about five months, several jingles, posters, and other campaign paraphernalia filled the town roads, social media platforms, and TV and radio advertisements. Shading our ballots, on a deeper sense, signifies the importance of balance in the governing powers of our leaders; and this year’s halalan did not stray out of that context as the province also had a fair share of some notable #Halalan2019 stories. Zero Violence The province reported zero election-related violent incidents since the start of the campaign period. Batangas Police Director, Col. Edwin A. Quilates said the electoral process was “generally peaceful.” However, there are minor conflicts brought by the malfunctioning of 101 vote-counting machines but these are well taken care of. Served the living RIp and the dead From being a resident sepulturero (gravedigger) of Taal, an independent candidate named Arnulfo “Arnel” Garces was hailed as the municipal councilor with the highest voter turnout cementing his victory with a total number of 17,187 votes. Aware that he may not have the wealth and finances, he insisted that it will not be a hindrance from being a public servant. He had an advantage of 4,565 votes against the second most voted candidate. 138

DEVCOM Eight- time win-streak Garnering 96,749 votes, Hon. Vilma Santos-Recto was re-elected as Lipa City Congresswoman against incumbent Lipa City Mayor Meynard Sabili. Santos has not lost an election since she ran for mayor in Lipa City in 1998. She was city mayor from 1998 to 2007, became Batangas governor from 2007 to 2013, and now a congresswoman. As a successful celebrity-turned-public servant, she aims to improve the quality of healthcare in Batangas. Halili’s kahalili ollowing the assassination of Tanauan Mayor Antonio FHalili, his daughter Angeline “Sweet” Halili ran for his post and won the mayoral race. The late mayor was known for RIphis initiatives on the implementation of the “Walk of Shame” campaign which paraded drug addicts. He envisioned the town to become the “City of Colors”. Instead of extending the shame campaign, Mayor “Sweet” vowed putting up a public hospital in Tanauan and looking into the pensions of residents. Long nights, close fights After four long days of vote counting, Ibaan pronounced mayoral candidate Edralyn Joy Salvame as the elected town RIpmayor. The counting lasted this long due to the malfunctioning of voting machines and damaged SD cards. The people, hoping to witness the polls and to keep watch of the counting procedures, were present at the COMELEC office of the municipality. Salvame gained 16,285 votes which surpassed incumbent mayor Artemio Chua’s 16,135. On the other hand, the public was also hyped with the position rivalry in Bauan. The odds were at first going with candidate Johnny Magboo but at the end of the counting, Ryan Dolor still got the spot. Dolor had 21,470 votes, topping Magboo’s 20,947. Not for sale Cases of vote-buying were filed against former San Pascual Vice Mayor Antonio Dimayuga, who is then aiming for the mayoral position, and his running mate Willy Dimatatac. Dimayuga was reported to have done such an act while wearing a uniform during the campaign with writings that said “vote”. Together with them are councilors Lanifel Manalo, Roumel Aguila, Dennis Panopio, Ramel Fernandez, and Reyshane Joy Marquez. Disqualification of their victory was filed by the complainants yet, as of writing, they haven’t given any statement about the issue. ● 139

DEVCOM PROBING THE TAWILIS THREAT OF EXTINCTION 140

DEVCOM WORDS BY: NORIENE JOYCE D. ANARETA PHOTOS BY: BRYAN JED C. BAROLA and CHRISTIAN L. PADUA “The tawilis could cross over to being critically-endangered in 10 years if we don’t do anything,” said Regional Director Marie Paz Luna of Department of Environment and Natural Resources CALABARZON earlier this year which sparked discussions on the current status of this unique species. In January, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), a Switzerland-based organization, released a bulletin classifying Sardinella tawilis as an endangered species, inching towards three stages from extinction. Tawilis is the only freshwater species of Sardinella in the world and it can be found only in the Philippines, particularly in Taal Lake. 141

DEVCOM ChaSnagridnignetildlaestawilis: Poor Man’s Fish According to the bulletin released Tawilis is a delicacy in Batangas which the schools of tawilis are most likely to by thTeaIwUiCliNs,isthaedreelhicaascbyeiennBaatangas apnrodviitdpersoavnidiemsporAtapnritlcmomatmchewrciitahl the spawbneinfgousneadsoonn tohfetalawkielissh. ore where the significanatndiemcplionretainntthceomcamtcehrecsiaslinficsehery infiTshaaelryLainkeT.aal lakIet. iBsaesxepdlfarionmedtbhyeBFAR thastedaugrrainsgs (tfhlioswseeraisnognp, lants that grow 1998, andAictciosredsintigmtaotethdethreactotrhdeohfaNrvaetsiotnalrFeicsohredrsieosf NationatlhFeisschheorioelssRoefsteaawriclhis are meonstitrleiklyeluyntdoebrwe afoteurn)dis located. hogstveaanestreesrtdhahottehriotpaRmtBenhatienuosetlseethlrnedone1eiagc0gbarpiictyrpcyohheaeaapslalmabu)iCrnt.olsoieLaduern(tistekDimto4weeteno9hwrvirtaiheipehnsnlaeoet7Bsr2h,p0cud,iame0ttenbno0iceasttn0lnrhigantfr,nieIesTngdehsaaetayrilstf,uowBtlnBaakeahrnii’toinoesadnlendmFoDtegmighosepaiehvruceseeea9n,nlrltidoihcCepioaespmnnnatel2eint,r0itei0otInshnn0weBTsfttuhiaihitststeehhousflen7tiaerss0gkf’sh,oesbmeTslaFrkhaerfiansoioanhlnrt,keetgtshrwhaioeayeehftssreePtrauewlatihnliettgshaybiwesCaseotifeloiannissgtddhrrioaesaannrsrrfgy’seoteaaltarkolrlegeyitdrnhlen.oeteochatwaesteiseatnedhrdse.asanmcgleaenirmtedbe.ydItUhCaNt , leasftis5h0inpgeracsenthteoivreprrtimheapryassto1u0rce of inwchoimche.depend “Ako’y dito na tumanda, k“uAnkgot’ayldaigtaonnga by at on fishing as their tumanda, kung talagang toeyohnefneaIdFFUrasiessCen,bhcNgwreoeu’rnhsriafcoosedeiraerobncdsoaysauAhsermsassel2cyeqddnoprc8suaPvnddeoc,syaacuaram2oA,itltdltei0fiaaqecfieos1onnisuhnfn.e7pcrggatsa,coeoat,tswuiimcftwotcorimatatrhCR,htsoleahiaSelencbynbrseahfacieyondinBessuwulaeauNhiorsrdsarceGfiitsec3neroet.ao0fsdagdnoul0woaeila0ntkslissals,ekiapBsLtinlheauooaatnnsaktanoMts,rBpTafhgeeasarahateasiAratf3ismsicpiaswdc,,osh0necahethnia0oghrlnaae.ikyra0enpstrTdsyfsdpokihi,ononefietllunkghPorseustcyoleeoascfCnopotafgeauransNribcweeinlraaiandpeaaIcwiwtatlselocoailaorwasamGyf,cwnfltiSa.auedcne’adas,ch.su.”lneotsuaraelindinNaoadsneednniLgmbcdeLsguyoinaautenmlysitnnasaah.ypsag,be,eaalsencatieatiadhwwl.lasyitloidtsfhumnnssn,aiteaoarmgagniownufnwaaainiragsnntio‘ghwalyigntiwmageshagnnraaelafawalln[oy‘awntcaaldamkanlalnowaisalgsgtasitsaaie.lmaminNdsltagau]pa,ganmog”agstkidianaabewtgnlaeiLginonluimn.gsnB,lgmamaaasnasattgawataianwadkgaal.iaamlmilasnain’anyg (BFAR)—the one responsible for peak season in March and April which collecting and consolidating the fish matches the spawning season. She catch data in the country. explained that during these months, 142

DEVCOM In troubled waters The major threats within Taal lake said Ms. Jasmine Andaya, protected area listed by IUCN include exploitation, assistant superintendent of Talisay, pollution, and competition with other Batangas, one of the municipalities around species. These factors trigger the decline in Taal lake. tawilis population, habitat, and number of mature individuals. Despite the prohibition from concerned authorities, some fisherfolk still prefer The major factor being studied is the using active fishing gears and pukot (fishing downside of aquaculture as IUCN noted nets with a smaller mesh size) for more that the existence of other species for catches, according to the unified rules and commercial purposes calls for a battle regulations on fisheries for the Taal Volcano for survival considering that tawilis are Protected Landscape of the Department of observed to mature earlier than usual in Environment and Natural Resources. order to survive. Water pollution is also deemed a great “Syempre dati, buong lawa talaga para factor—an end-product of the aquaculture sa mga tawilis, pero noong nagkaroon industry, urban development, growing tayo ng aquaculture, nabawasan ang area human population, and livestock farming nila. Nabawasan rin ang mga sea grass na along the 37 river tributaries that drain into kailangan nila during spawning season,” the lake. 143

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DEVCOM Against strong currents Instead of adopting the findings PAMB will also strengthen of IUCN, Protected Area its Information Education Management Board (PAMB), a Communication (IEC) campaign union of mayors, non-government to address the misunderstandings organizations, and fisherfolk groups between the fisherfolk about the are currently conducting their own issue. Aside from conveying accurate assessment but are still recognizing information and clarifications, the alarming decline of tawilis this will also spread awareness on population and are now more rigorous how everyone can contribute to on implementing measures to address preserving tawilis stocks. Alongside the threats of extinction. IEC, the board will launch an audio- visual presentation to educate the To preempt the depletion of tawilis, benefactors, in this case, families PAMB implemented the “closed whose livelihood depends on the season” in March and April, which lake’s providence. coincides with the spawning season. During these months, fishers are Moreover, several alternative prohibited to catch tawilis but they livelihood programs for registered can still catch other fish. PAMB will fishermen are being eyed next year still conduct continuous monitoring if once budget hearings are carried out. this scheme has significant effects on Lastly, PAMB is looking forward to the the tawilis’ population. celebration of Tawilis Festival which is set to happen in 2020, after the They are also pushing the closed season. The festival will start reactivation of the provincial task in Talisay but will tour around the force which will be in charge of municipalities surrounding the lake. monitoring fishing activities within Activities and events will be further the protected areas and will be discussed by the board before its first responsible for dismantling fish cages implementation. and maintaining the 6,000-limit of aquacultures in the lake. LGUs, BFAR, PAMB, and other agencies and organizations are The board, likewise, is establishing working hand in hand to achieve one tawilis reserve areas (TRA) in goal—to remove Sardinella tawilis towns around Taal lake to provide from the endangered species list and specific areas for tawilis to avoid to make sure that the extinction is not competition and predation from possible and will not happen anytime other species. Its extent will depend in the future. on the recommendation of BFAR and concerned local government units (LGUs). Despite varying claims and views, taking part in the protection of Taal lake and the conservation of Sardinella tawilis needs to be put in hand. To avert further implications, concrete plans and progressive actions must be laid down for the benefit of the industry. Nevertheless, it is the community which thrives in its abundance and suffers from its depletion. ● 145

DEVCOM From the ashes of Sta. Clara’s tragedy WORDS BY: AVAHEL TRSIEL O. BAUTRO | ARTWORK BY: SANDRO CARLO B. TABLIZO 146

DEVCOM old folks say it would be better to be victims 134.77 million pesos, with 421 houses engulfed by the of robbery than of fire. Analiza Flores, 49, fire. No casualties were reported from the incident but a resident of Brgy. Sta. Clara since birth, about 1,720 individuals or 431 families were displaced. had the same sentiment as she lamented, “Ubos lahat, pati damit at mga gamit na bahagya nang With this climatic and disastrous tragedy deemed naipundar. Halos wala nang natira.” as one of Batangas City’s biggest losses this year, upholding of individual welfare is raised beyond Last April 6, Sta. Clara, a residential area near the clothing drives and volunteering activities. Following Batangas port, was blazed by fire which lasted for protocol, plans for rehabilitation and advances for five grueling hours. According to the post-disaster development are being carried out for the residents of assessment and needs analysis conducted by the City the torched community. Engineer’s Office, the cost of damage amounted to Applying the first aid For immediate remedy, the located at Bolbok; Batangas Port Development (CSWD) office offered City Disaster Risk Reduction Livelihood Center; Sta. Clara free psychosocial processing and Management Office (CDRRMO) had Elementary School; and Salalak counseling services on temporary accomplished the provision of basic basketball court. These shelters were resettlement areas. The social welfare needs and services for both barangay made available for almost four months, continuously worked out the evacuees, and city levels. Fire victims received attended by the Defense Security especially on social preparation, family basic necessities such as food, Service officers to ensure the residents’ case management, and intervention. clothes, temporary shelters, and some safety. donations from the public and private “The event might be traumatic to sectors. Aside from the mentioned some, kaya kailangang mayroon tayong physiological needs, psychological personnel from social welfare to look The residents were temporarily needs of the victims were also taken after their psychological state and to housed in four evacuation areas: into consideration. Social workers guide them through,” said Ms. Charity Batangas City Evacuation Center from the City Social Welfare and C. Nunez, CSWD officer. Towards relief and recovery Two months after the tragedy, almost 75 percent of government which is is still being processed by the National the fire victims had already returned home as per Anti-Poverty Commission due to some legal issues faced by the record from the CDRRMO. Other than the Batangas the residents. City Evacuation Center which still houses approximately 50 families, the rest of the evacuation areas were already “Malaki na ang naitulong sa amin ng ating city, mula sa vacated. tahanan, pagkain, at iba pang pangangailangan sa loob ng tatlong buwan. May pera mang kinikita, hindi pa rin naman Most families at the said temporary shelter were still sapat panimula kaya malaking bagay talaga ‘yung financial waiting for an emergency assistance program from the city assistance,” said Analiza Flores, fire incident victim. Further treatment and monitoring To further meet and provide the Employment and Services Office. The In the end, Sta. Clara’s affected residents’ needs, the city Office of City Veterinarian and Agricultural pursuit of rising from government designed a medium-term Services (OCVAS) also put out their the ashes conveys a rehabilitation plan which will run for three resources in supporting the victims’ needs. clear message — it’s years. This includes relocation plans which OCVAS held out seminars on starting up the general concern in are part of the socialized housing project of small businesses for those who want to gain development that serves the city and the Balik-Probinsya Program, extra income. as the foundation of every wherein residents who are not originally concrete rehabilitation from the barangay are advised and offered Rehabilitation considers not only the program. ● to return to their home provinces. rebuilding of the area, but also seeks the continuous and sustainable welfare of 147 Furthermore, the city has provided skills the victims. Full recovery doesn’t happen trainings in partnership with Technical overnight just as how they heal from the Education and Skills Development unseen wounds left by the fire. It takes time, Authority, along with referral for job process, and a huge leap of faith. opportunities in coordination with Public

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