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Credits TEXT AND Figure 5.7: Reprinted with permission aggressive behavior, aggressive ILLUSTRATIONS of the Pew Global Attitudes Project, cognition, aggressive effect, http://pewglobal.org psychological arousal and prosocial Chapter 2 behavior: A meta-analytic review of Figure 5.8: Adapted from A. H. Eagly the scientific literature,” Psychological Figure 2.5: Adapted from Figure 2, & W. Wood, 1991, “Explaining sex Science, 12, no. 5, pp. 353–359. p. 435, in Bushman et al, 2009, differences in social behavior: A meta- Reprinted by permission of Blackwell “Looking again, and harder, for a analytic perspective,” Personality and Publishing. link between low self-esteem and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, aggression,” Journal of Personality, pp. 306–315. Copyright © 1991. Chapter 11 77:2(April). © 2009, Copyright the Reprinted by permission of Sage Authors. Journal compilation © 2009, Publications, Inc. Figure 11.5: Reprinted by permission of Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Kristina M. Durante. 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Kranz, 1984, Publishers and by Pinter & Martin, Psychology, 21, pp. 251–259. Reprinted “The influence of mood on perceptions Ltd. by permission of Lawrence Erlbaum of social interactions,” Journal of Associates Experimental Social Psychology, 20. p. 203: From Roger Fisher in Reprinted with permission from “Preventing Nuclear War,” Bulletin Figure 12.7: “Mismatched needs and Elsevier. of the Atomic Scientists, March 1981, donations” from C. Spence, 2006, pp. 11–17. Copyright © 2006 by “Mismatching money and need.” In Chapter 4 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Stanford Social Innovation Review, 4, Chicago, IL, 60602. Reproduced by p. 49. Reprinted by permission. Figures 4.3, 4.4: Reprinted from permission of Bulletin of the Atomic B. J. Bushman & A. M. Bonacci, 2004, Scientists, www.thebulletin.org. Figure 12.11: “Have you done any of the “You’ve got mail: Using e-mail to following in the last month: Donate to examine the effect of prejudiced Figure 6.5: From S. Milgram, 1965, charity.” From Gallup World Survey, attitudes on discrimination against “Some conditions of obedience and 2008. Data from Gallup Polls (brain Arabs,”Journal of Experimental disobedience to authority,” Human .gallup.com) Social Psychology, 40, pp. 753–759. Relations, 18, pp. 57–76. Reprinted by Copyright 2004, with permission from permission of Sage Publications. Chapter 13 Elsevier and Brad J. Bushman, Ph.D., University of Michigan. Chapter 9 Figure 13.4: From P. E. Tetlock, 1988, “Monitoring the integrative Chapter 5 Figure 9.1: “Changing racial attitudes of complexity of American and Soviet White Americans from 1958 to 2007.” policy rhetoric: What can be learned?” Figures 5.2 and 5.3: M. L. Patterson, Data from Gallup polls (brain.gallup Journal of Social Issues, 454, no. 2, Y. Iizuka, M. Tubbs, J. Ansel, .com). pp. 101–131. Reprinted by permission M. Tsutsumi, & J. Anson, 2007, “Passing of Blackwell Publishing. encounters East and West: Comparing Figure 9.3: “Changing gender attitudes Japanese and American pedestrian from 1958 to 2007.” Data from Gallup Figure 13.6: “George W. Bush’s Job interactions,” Journal of Nonverbal polls (brain.gallup.com). Approval Ratings Trend (2001–present). Behavior, 31, pp. 155–166. With kind http://www.gallup.com/poll/116500/ permission of Miles Patterson and Figure 9.6: From P. G. Devine & R. S. Presidential-Approval-Ratings-George- Springer Science and Business Media Malpass, 1985, “Orienting strategies Bush.aspx. Reprinted by permission of in differential face recognition,” Gallup Poll. Figure 5.5: From D. M. Buss, “The Personality and Social Psychology strategies of human mating,” 1994, Bulletin, 11, pp. 33–40. Copyright © Chapter 14 American Scientist, 82 (May-June), 1985. Reprinted by permission of Sage pp. 238–249, Figure 3. Reprinted with Publications, Inc. Figure 14.1: From N. Nunez, D. Poole, permission of Sigma Xi. & A. Memon, 2003, “Psychology’s Figure 9.8: “Overestimating Minority two cultures revisited: Implications Figure 5.6: From D. M. Buss, 1995, Populations.” Source: 1990 Gallup Poll for the integration of science and “Evolutionary psychology: A new (Gates 1993). Data from Gallup Polls practice,” Scientific Review of Mental paradigm,” Psychological Inquiry, 6:1, (brain.gallup.com) Health Practice. Reprinted by Fig 1, p. 3. Reprinted by permission of permission. Taylor & Francis Group, http://www Chapter 10 .informaworld.com. Figure 14.4: From J. Dill & C. Anderson, Figure 10.10: Adapted from Craig A. 1998, “Loneliness, shyness and Anderson & Brad J. Bushman, 2001, depression: The etiology and “Effects of violent video games on C-1

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Name Index A Anda, R., 541 B Baumhart, R., 65 Andersen, S. M., 38, 444, 478 Baxter, T. L., 110 Aaker, J. L., 24 Anderson, C., 73 Baars, B. J., 80 Bayer, E., 269 Abbate, C. S., 474 Anderson, C. A., 29, 71, 84, 85, Babad, E., 68, 114 Bayton, J. A., 311 Abbey, A., 102, 553 Bach, R., 59 Bazerman, M. H., 519 Abelson, R., 123 367, 369, 377, 378, 379, 380, Bachman, J. G., 21, 235 Beals, K. P., 431 Abelson, R. P., 240 381, 382, 383, 408, 414, 484, Back, M. D., 397 Beaman, A. L., 282, 412, 479 Abrams, D., 289 486, 536, 537, 538 Bacon, F., 552 Bearman, P., 215 Abramson, L. Y., 532, 533, Anderson, D. C., 367 Badger, A. J., 394 Bearman, P. S., 215 Anderson, P. D., 216 Bähler, M., 309 Beaulieu, C. M. J., 163 535, 546 Anderson, P. L., 69 Bailenson, J., 238 Beck, A. T., 537 ACHA, 525 Anderson, S. M., 367 Bailenson, J. N., 238, 400 Becker, S. W., 470 Acitelli, L. K., 170, 414 Andrews, D. S., 5 Bailey, J. M., 173, 174 Beer, J. S., 67 Acker, M., 349 Andrews, F. E., 472 Bainbridge, W., 258 Bègue, L., 340 Ackermann, R., 533 Andrews, F. M., 553 Bainbridge, W. S., 257 Bell, B. E., 562 Adair, J. G., 25 Angelou, M., 208 Baize, H. R., Jr., 405 Bell, P. A., 367 Adamopoulos, J., 296 Angier, N., 388 Baldwin, M. W., 427 Bellah, R., 225–226 Adams, D., 359 Annan, K., 513 Banaji, M., 126, 245 Belluck, P., 174 Adams, G., 115 Annan, K. A., 182 Banaji, M. R., 89, 310 Belson, W. A., 375 Adams, J. M., 435 Antonio, A. L., 300 Bandura, A., 41, 42, 57, 61–62, Bem, D., 86, 146, 150 Addis, M. F., 169, 452 Antonucci, T. C., 170 Benassi, V. A., 99 Aderman, D., 447 Applewhite, M. H., 254, 258 363, 364, 365 Bennett, M. E., 53 Adinolfi, A. A., 402 Archer, D., 323, 386 Banks, S., 242 Bennett, P., 19 Adler, N. E., 19, 551 Archer, J., 173, 358, 375 Barash, D., 159, 356, 452 Bennett, R., 372 Adler, R. P., 263 Archer, R. L., 430 Barash, D. P., 453 Bennis, W., 302 Adler, S. J., 579 Arendt, H., 208 Barber, B. M., 99, 172 Benson, P. L., 467, 471 Adorno, T., 320 Argyle, M., 165, 188 Barber, N., 174 Benton, T. R., 571 Aesop, 402 Aristotle, 138, 161, 386, 403, Bargh, J. A., 80, 81, 88, 89, 103, Benvenisti, M., 326 Affleck, G., 543–544 413, 489, 534 Berg, J. H., 421, 429, 430, Agnew, X. B., 435 Ariza, L. M., 287 194, 287, 310, 433 Agthe, M., 177 Arkes, H., 248 Bar-Haim, Y., 401 431, 537 Agustsdottir, S., 545 Arkes, H. R., 127 Bar-Hillel, M., 94 Berger, J., 223 Ahmad, N., 458 Arkin, R. M., 73, 74, 397 Barlett, C., 380 Berglas, S., 73 Aiello, J. R., 271 Armitage, C. J., 128 Barlett, C. P., 381 Berkman, L. F., 549 Ainsworth, M. D. S., 427, 428 Armor, D. A., 67, 68 Barnes, E., 441 Berkowitz, L., 211, 213, 361, Ajzen, I., 118, 127, 127–128 Arms, R. L., 386 Barnes, R. D., 451 Albarracin, D., 128, 129, 233, 248 Aron, A., 197, 415, 423, 424, Barnett, M. A., 447 366, 368–369, 369, 376, 377, Aldag, R. J., 294 431, 492 Barnett, P. A., 534 447, 448, 450 Alden, L. E., 539 Aron, A. P., 422 Baron, J., 342, 450 Berkowitz, N. H., 328 Alexander, J., 248 Aron, E., 197, 431, 492 Baron, L., 372 Berman, J., 127 Alicke, M. D., 577 Aronson, E., 27, 141–142, 242, 243, Baron, R., 272 Berndsen, M., 338 Alkhuzai, A. H., 476 256, 417–418, 418, 510, 510–511 Baron, R. A., 387, 406 Bernhardt, P. C., 359 Allee, W. C., 269, 362 Aronson, J., 346 Baron, R. S., 258, 270, 362, 496 Bernieri, F., 114 Allen, J. J. B., 400 Arora, R., 43 Baron-Cohen, S., 171 Berns, G. S., 217 Allen, M., 169 Arriaga, C. R., 435 Barongan, C., 377 Bernstein, D. M., 86 Allen, V. L., 212 Arriaga, X. B., 435 Barrett, L. C., 58 Bernstein, M. J., 335 Allen, W., 353 Arrow, K. J., 298 Barry, D., 65, 170, 174 Berra, Y., 449 Allik, J., 63 ASAPS, 403 Bar-Tal, D., 494, 495 Berry, B., 249 Allison, S. T., 96, 106, 333, 489 Asch, S. E., 197–198, 205, 206, Bartels, B., 212 Berry, D. S., 573 Alloy, L., 532 210, 211, 212, 214, 220, 245 Barth, J. M., 490 Berscheid, E., 110, 116, 136, Alloy, L. B., 532, 533, 535 Asendorpf, J. B., 538 Bartholomew, K., 427 398, 402, 404, 405, 406, 407, Allport, F. H., 269 Ash, R., 355 Bartholomew, R., 197 415, 416, 422, 424, 425, 428, Allport, G. W., 308, 319, 321, 322, Asher, J., 357 Bartholow, B. C., 358, 369, 381 493, 553 Ashton-James, C., 49, 476 Bartholow, B. D., 330, 381 Bersoff, D. N., 582 325, 343, 344, 345, 511, 563 Astin, A. W., 183, 316, 599 Barzun, J., 152 Bertrand, M., 313 Altemeyer, B., 320, 321 Athappilly, K., 425 Basile, K. C., 373 Besser, A., 428 Altemeyer, R., 321 Attia, S., 362 Bassili, J. N., 299 Best, D., 171 Alter, A., 387–388 Aubrey, J. S., 411 Bastian, B., 104 Bettencourt, B. A., 173, 335, Altman, I., 163 Auden, W. H., 163 Batson, C. D., 70, 124, 129, 170, 349, 357 Alwin, D. F., 251, 521 Augoustinos, M., 11 Bianchi, S. M., 181, 183 Amabile, T., 107, 108 Augustine, St., 179, 314 321, 455, 456, 457, 457–458, Bickman, L., 211, 467, 473, 514 Amato, P. R., 456, 574 Austin, J. B., 446 465, 465–466, 467, 476, Bielawski, D., 181 Ambady, N., 114, 347, 404 Averill, J. R., 361 478–479, 479, 518 Bierce, A., 307 American Medical Avis, W. E., 186 Baumann, D. J., 446 Biernat, M., 71, 332, 335, 343, Axsom, D., 252 Baumann, L. J., 540 349, 414 Association, 183 Ayres, I., 313 Baumeister, R. F., 21, 38, 54, 55, Bigam, R. G., 580 American Psychological Ayres, M. M., 172 56, 57, 73, 106, 161, 174, 270, Billig, M., 327 Azrin, N. H., 365–366 272, 275, 317, 393, 396, 416, Binder, J., 501 Association, 28, 358 430, 435, 436, 543 Biner, P. M., 368 Amir, Y., 500 Baumgardner, A. H., 73 Anastasi, J. S., 335 N-1

N-2 Name Index Bingenheimer, J. B., 364 Bray, R. M., 584, 587 Burns, H. J., 566 Carnahan, T., 133 Binham, R., 453 Bregman, N. J., 567 Burns, J. F., 278 Carnegie, A., 388 Birrell, P., 83 Brehm, J. W., 144, 151, 223, 244 Burns, L., 67 Carnegie, D., 417, 418 Bishop, B., 286 Brehm, S., 223 Burnstein, E., 288, 361, 453 Carnevale, P. J., 497, 517 Bishop, G. D., 285, 540, 541 Brehm, S. S., 545, 547 Burr, W. R., 397 Carney, D., 245 Bizzoco, N. M., 435 Brekke, N., 342, 348 Burson, K. A., 92 Carpenter, S., 310 Björkqvist, K., 173 Brenner, S. N., 65 Burton, C. M., 551 Carpusor, A. G., 309 Blackburn, R. T., 71 Brewer, M., 27 Burton, R., 194 Carranza, E., 169 Blackmun, H., 587 Brewer, M. B., 327, 329, 344, Bush, G. H. W., 125 Carré, J. M., 358 Blackstone, W., 586 Bush, G. W., 141, 142, 505 Carroll, D., 19, 551 Blackwell, E., 542 489, 511, 513 Bushman, B. J., 54, 252, 281, Carroll, J., 312 Blair, C. A., 460 Brickman, P., 221, 599 Carroll, J. S., 370 Blair, I. V., 575 Brigham, J., 334 358, 367, 377, 379, 380, 381, Carter, J., 582 Blair, T., 606 Brigham, J. C., 334, 564, 569 383, 386, 387 Carter, S., 335, 413 Blake, R. R., 508, 518 Brin, S., 599 Bushnell, N., 379 Cartwright, D. S., 286, 364 Blanchard, F. A., 138 Brinˇ ol, P., 232, 233, 236 Buss, D. M., 7, 118, 159, 176, Carvallo, M., 394 Blank, H., 14, 87 British Psychological Society, 28 177, 178, 180, 356, 408, 415 Carver, C. S., 110, 129, 473–474, Blanton, H., 127, 144–145 Britt, T. W., 360 Buston, P. M., 413 Blascovich, J., 238, 333, 380 Brock, T., 237 Butcher, S. H., 386 534, 538 Blass, T., 200, 201, 203, 219, 220 Brock, T. C., 252 Butler, A. C., 535 Cash, T. F., 406 Block, J., 107 Brockner, J., 41, 487 Butler, J. L., 270 Caspi, A., 160, 358, 412 Boardman, S. K., 516 Brodt, S. E., 309, 539 Butler, S., 177 Cassidy, J., 428 Boden, J. M., 53, 55 Bronfenbrenner, U., 494–495 Butterfield, F., 574 Castelli, L., 320 Bodenhausen, G. V., 51, 101, Brooks, D., 83, 285 Butz, D. A., 115 Caulkins, J. P., 580 Brooks, R. D., 242 Buunk, B. P., 71, 429 CDC, 373, 552 240, 313, 314, 331, 332 Broome, A., 539 Byers, S., 418 Ceci, S. J., 564, 566 Boggiano, A., 148 Brown, D., 158 Byrne, D., 333, 412, 419 Cemaliclar, Z., 394 Boggiano, A. K., 149 Brown, D. E., 41 Byrnes, J. P., 172 Census Bureau, 87 Bohner, G., 102 Brown, E. H., 271 Bytwerk, R. L., 229, 242 Centerwall, B. S., 376 Bohr, N., 187 Brown, G., 441 Chaiken, S., 124, 232, 233, 236, Bombeck, E., 262 Brown, H. J., 66 C Bonacci, A., 130 Brown, J., 52 237, 239, 243, 250 Bonanno, G., 70–71 Brown, J. D., 101, 411, 534 Cacioppo, J. T., 9, 125, 147, 151, Chalmers, A., 66 Bond, C., 349 Brown, K. T., 510, 550 232, 239, 243, 252, 296, 537, Chambers, J. R., 70, 496 Bond, C. F., Jr., 270 Brown, P., 47 548, 549 Chance, J., 334 Bond, M. H., 166, 364, 413, 493 Brown, R., 166, 334, 359, 503, Chandler, J., 147 Bond, R., 220 Cacioppo, R. B., 514 Chapman, J. P., 527 Bonnot, V., 347 504, 603 Cairns, D. L., 569 Chapman, L. J., 527 Bono, J. E., 302 Brown, R. M., 30, 137 Cairns, E., 501 Charles I (King of England), 41 Bons, T. A., 398 Brown, R. P., 347 Cal, A. V., 235 Chart, T., 194 Bonta, B. D., 511 Brown, S. L., 408, 444 Caldwell, C., 576 Chartrand, T. L., 88, 310, 413 Boomsma, D. I., 538 Brown, T. J., 452 Caldwell, D., 146 Chatard, A., 343 Booth, A., 359 Brown, V., 297 Caldwell, H. K., 428 Check, J., 372 Borgida, E., 317, 342, 348, Browning, C., 213 Cameron, D., 596 Check, J. V. P., 371 Browning, E. B., 421 Cameron, L., 500 Chen, E., 551 575, 577 Browning, R., 425, 529 Campbell, A. C., 465 Chen, F. F., 414 Borkenau, P., 92 Brownlee, E. A., 73 Campbell, B., 425 Chen, L.-H., 284 Bornstein, B. H., 562 Bruce, V., 563 Campbell, D. T., 10, 194, 245, Chen, S., 38, 326 Bornstein, G., 399, 490 Bruck, M., 564, 566 Chen, S. C., 269 Bornstein, R. F., 87, 401 Brueckner, H., 215 452, 454, 603 Chen, Z., 396 Bossard, J. H. S., 397 Bruun, S. E., 275 Campbell, E. Q., 322 Cheney, R., 361 Bossio, L. M., 543 Bryan, J. H., 465 Campbell, L., 95 Cheng, J. B., 252 Bothwell, R. K., 334 Bryan, T. S., 576 Campbell, W., 603 Cheng, K., 59 Botvin, G. J., 262, 263 Bryant, J., 368 Campbell, W. K., 43, 54, 55, 57, Cherlin, A. J., 364 Botwin, M. D., 415 Buckhout, R., 562 Chermack, S. T., 358 Bouas, K. S., 490 Buddha, 124 63, 67, 74, 435, 487 Chesterfield, Lord, 334, 465 Bourgeois, M. J., 580 Buehler, R., 48, 92 Canadian Psychological Chesterton, G. K., 167 Bowen, E., 5 Buffardi, L. E., 74 Chiao, J. Y., 404 Bower, B., 569 Buford, B., 282 Association, 28 Chiles, C., 212–213 Bower, G. H., 101, 534 Bugental, D. B., 308 Canadian Centre on Substance Chiliki, W., 263 Bowlby, J., 426 Bugental, D. P., 535 Chodorow, N., 169 Boyatzis, C., 25–26 Bull, R., 405 Abuse, 223 Choi, D.-W., 517 Boyes, A. D., 418 Buller, D. J., 179 Cann, A., 575 Choi, I., 44, 111 Bradbury, T. N., 56, 418, 437 Bullock, J., 248 Canter, D., 461 Choi, Y., 44 Bradfield, A. L., 568 Bumstead, C. H., 299 Cantor, N., 39, 68, 431 Chorost, A. F., 424 Bradley, O., 499 Bundy, T., 371 Cantril, H., 5, 299 Christakis, N. A., 535 Bradley, W., 149 Burchill, S. A. L., 534 Caputo, D., 92 Christensen, P. N., 537 Bradshaw, E., 571 Bureau of the Census, 600, 601 Carducci, B. J., 422 Chua, H. F., 43 Bradshaw, G. S., 571 Burger, J. M., 67, 109, 135, 146, Carli, L., 172, 341 Chua-Eoan, H., 255 Brandon, R., 562 Carlo, G., 470 Church, G. J., 277 Branscombe, N. R., 336 200, 213, 237, 301, 397, Carlsmith, J. M., 27, 142, 143, 446 Churchill, W., 231, 491 Bratslavsky, E., 430 449, 466 Carlsmith, M., 243 Cialdini, D. T., 446 Bratslavsky, J. D., 416 Burkholder, R., 230, 602 Carlson, J., 424 Cialdini, J. T., 514 Brauer, M., 284, 288 Burkley, E., 260 Carlson, K. A., 579 Cialdini, R. B., 135, 136, 139, Braun, C., 409 Burn, S. M., 60 Carlson, M., 361, 448 Braverman, J., 240 Burnham, G., 353 Carlston, D., 84 145, 237, 261, 296, 327, 457, Burns, D. D., 532 Carlston, D. E., 75 474, 475, 477, 507 Carlton-Ford, S., 71 Carnagey, N. L., 381

Name Index N-3 Ciano, G., 71 Cottrell, N., 272 Davis, B. M., 172 Dijker, A., 162 Cicerello, A., 404 Court, J. H., 371 Davis, C. G., 98 Dijksterhuis, A., 89, 232 Cicero, 402 Cousins, N., 119 Davis, D., 563 Dill, J. C., 536, 538 Cioffi, D., 479 Cowan, C. L., 447 Davis, J., 251 Dill, K., 382 Clack, B., 501 Cowan, G., 574 Davis, J. H., 260, 582 Dillehay, R. C., 587 Clancy, S. M., 170 Coyne, J. C., 534 Davis, J. L., 414 Dindia, K., 169 Clark, K., 311 Coyne, S. M., 375 Davis, K., 104 Dion, K. K., 237, 405, 407, 423, Clark, M., 311, 448 Crabb, P., 181 Davis, K. E., 136, 426 Clark, M. S., 53, 429, 430, 446 Crabtree, S., 169, 472 Davis, L., 277 425, 435 Clark, R., 300, 301 Crandall, C. S., 213, 331 Davis, M. H., 537 Dion, K. L., 224, 309, 336, 406, Clark, R. D., III, 213, 467 Crandall, R., 388 Davis, N., 203 Clarke, A. C., 397 Crane, F., 431 Davis, T. L., 577 423, 425, 435, 505 Clarke, V., 167 Crano, W., 114 Dawes, R. M., 21, 54, 69, 119, 486, Dishion, T. J., 286 Clary, E. G., 471 Crawford, M., 309 Disraeli, B., 124 Cleghorn, R., 23 Crawford, T., 247 490, 491, 530, 530–531, 531 Dixon, B., 542 Clement, R. W., 68, 333 Crisp, R. J., 513 Dawkins, R., 160, 452, 454 Dixon, J., 500, 501 Clevstrom, J., 223 Crocker, J., 52, 56, 98, 326, 329, Dawson, N. V., 16 Dobzhansky, T., 179 Clifford, M. M., 405 Deary, I. J., 321, 552 Dodge, R., 248 Cline, V. B., 378 335, 343, 606 Deaux, K., 172 Dohrenwend, B., 550 Clinton, H. R., 127 Crockett, M. J., 359 de Botton, A., 603 Dolinski, D., 448, 479 Clooney, G., 353 Crofton, C., 412 DeBruine, L. M., 400, 466, 468 Dollard, J., 359 Clore, G. L., 47, 418, 419, Croizet, J.-C., 347 Decety, J., 39 Dollinger, S. J., 170 Crosby, F., 312 DeChurch, L. A., 296 Dolnik, L., 252 452, 503 Crosby, F. J., 554 Deci, E. L., 60, 148, 150, 394, 428 Donaldson, Z. R., 426 Coan, J. A., 550 Crosby, J. R., 313 De Cremer, D., 491 Donders, N. C., 314 Coates, B., 477 Cross, P., 71 De Graaf, N. D., 472 Donnellan, M. B., 55, 428 Coats, E., 171 Cross, S. E., 44 De Hoog, N., 240, 241 Donnerstein, E., 371, 372, Codol, J.-P., 71 Crossen, C., 24 de Hoogh, A. H. B., 302 Cohen, D., 42, 364 Cross-National Collaborative De Houwer, J., 419 373, 374, 467 Cohen, F., 505 De—Jong-Gierveld, J., 536 Doob, A., 236 Cohen, G. L., 347 Group, 536 Delgado, J., 131 Doob, A. N., 96, 475, 570 Cohen, J. E., 594 Crowley, M., 170, 451–452, 470 Della Cava, M. R., 230 Doria, J. R., 71 Cohen, M., 203 Crowther, S., 464 Dembroski, T., 237 Dorr, A., 263 Cohen, S., 264, 510, 541, 542, Croxton, J., 86 Demoulin, S., 328 Dotsch, R., 314 Croyle, R. T., 151 DeNeve, K. M., 369 Doty, R. M., 320 549, 552 Csikszentmihalyi, M., 379, 606 Denissen, J. J. A., 394 Douglas, C., 99 Cohn, E. G., 367 Cuddy, A., 205 Dennett, D., 159, 179 Douglas, K. M., 280 Cohrs, J. C., 321 Cuddy, A. J. C., 319 Denollet, J., 541 Douglass, A. B., 569 Colarelli, S. M., 172 Cullen, L. T., 433 Denrell, J., 217 Douglass, F., 133 Colby, C. A., 516 Cullum, J., 213 Denson, T. F., 357 Douthitt, E. Z., 271 Cole, J., 280 Cunningham, J. D., 427, 431 Department of Canadian Dovidio, J. F., 309, 312, 457, Coleman, L. M., 417 Cunningham, M. R., 448 Collins, M. E., 500 Cunningham, W. A., 315 Heritage, 513–514 468, 508 Collins, N. L., 430 Cutler, B. L., 562, 569, 571, 572, DePaulo, B., 553 Dowd, M., 409, 494 Colman, A. M., 286 DePaulo, B. M., 91 Downing, L., 281 Comer, D. R., 278 576, 577, 581 Derks, B., 347 Downs, A. C., 573, 574 Comfort, J. C., 582 Cutrona, C. E., 550 Derlega, V., 430 Doyle, A. C., 16 Comim, F., 595 Cutshall, J. L., 563 Dermer, M., 401, 422, 605 Doyle, J. M., 174, 562 Comstock, G., 374, 377 Cynkar, A., 183 DeRubeis, R. J., 533 Drabman, R. S., 378 Confucius, 93, 157, 160 Desforges, D. M., 511 Draguns, J. G., 536 Conger, R. D., 428 D DeSteno, D., 101, 124 Dreber, A., 486 Conner, M., 128 Detweiler, J. B., 541 Driedger, L., 513 Conrad, J., 87 Dabbs, J. M., Jr., 180, 240, 358, Deuser, W. E., 369 Driskell, J. E., 213 Contrada, R. J., 213 359, 460 Deutsch, M., 215, 216, 485, 490, Drolet, A. L., 490 Conway, F., 256, 257 Drwecki, B. B., 313 Conway, L. G., III, 497 D’Agostino, P. R., 401 495, 500, 511, 520 Dryer, D. C., 415 Conway, M., 87 Dalrymple, T., 383 Deutsch, R., 89 DuBois, W. E. B., 513 Cook, C. E., 430 Damon, W., 21 Devenport, J. L., 571, 572 Duck, J. M., 248 Cook, S. W., 138, 510 Daniels, D., 184 Devine, P. G., 151, 310, 331, Dudley, K., 109 Cook, T. D., 235 Danner, D. D., 543 Duffy, M., 141, 230 Cooley, C. H., 41 Dardenne, B., 319 334, 336 Dunbar, R., 489 Coombs, R. H., 554 Darley, J., 349, 387–388 De Vogli, R., 550 Duncan, B. L., 339 Cooper, H., 114 Darley, J. M., 398, 459, 460, 461, DeVos-Comby, L., 242 Dunkel-Schetter, C., 202 Cooper, H. M., 58 de Waal, F. B. M., 395, 456 Dunn, E., 49, 74, 476 Cooper, J., 141, 151, 264, 344 462, 463–464, 465, 467, 469 DeWall, C. N., 396 Dunn, E. W., 444, 603 Cooper, R., 510 Darley, S., 264 Dexter, H. R., 577 Dunn, J. R., 518 Copper, C., 291 Darrow, C., 572, 581 Dey, E. L., 599 Dunning, D., 48, 66, 68, 70, 91, Corman, M. D., 358 Darwin, C., 147, 159, 386 Diamond, J., 409 Correll, J., 314, 315 Das, E. H. H. J., 242 Diamond, S. S., 580, 581 92, 349, 569 Costa, P. T., Jr., 165 Dasgupta, N., 331 Dick, S., 308 Durante, K. M., 410 Costanzo, M., 355, 387, 582 Dashiell, J. F., 269 Dicum, J., 433 Durrheim, K., 501 Costello, C., 488 Dauenheimer, D., 347 Diehl, M., 296 Dutton, D., 158 Costello, S., 214 Davenport, G., 202 Diekman, A. B., 96 Dutton, D. G., 353, 354, 422, 467 Cota, A. A., 224, 309 Davidson, R. J., 357 Diekmann, K. A., 63 Dutton, K., 52 Cotton, J. L., 367 Davies, C., 562 Diener, E., 129, 280, 281, 282, Duval, S., 110, 474 Cottrell, C. A., 330 Davies, M. F., 85 Duval, T. S., 110 Davies, P., 179, 345 357, 388, 599, 602, 603, 607 Duval, V. H., 474 Davila, J., 554 Dienstbier, R. A., 369 Dweck, C. S., 58 Dietrich, M., 415 Dykstra, P. A., 537

N-4 Name Index E Escobar-Chaves, S. L., 378 Fishbein, D., 415 Fromm, E., 404 Eshelman, A., 331 Fishbein, M., 127, 127–128 Fulbright, J. W., 490 Eagles, M., 494 Esser, J. K., 295 Fisher, G. H., 564 Fuller, S. R., 294 Eagly, A., 172 Esses, V. M., 312, 332, 493, 573 Fisher, H., 424 Fulton, R., 299 Eagly, A. H., 124, 169, 170, 171, Estess, F., 529 Fisher, J. D., 449 Fultz, J., 456, 457 Etaugh, C. E., 309 Fisher, K., 181, 183 Funder, D., 118 173, 186, 187, 232, 236, 250, Etzioni, A., 191, 225, 311, 514, Fisher, R., 203 Funder, D. C., 107, 118 288, 302, 316, 406, 451–452, Fisher, R. J., 518 Furnham, A., 111, 342 470 520, 521 Fisher, R. P., 567, 569 Easterbrook, G., 596 Evans, D., 467 Fishman, S., 355, 495 G Easterlin, R., 601 Evans, G. W., 271 Fiske, S. T., 10, 119, 159, 160, Eastwick, P. W., 49, 404, 415 Evans, M., 94 Gable, S. L., 430 Ebbesen, E. B., 386 Evans, R. I., 262 205, 208, 313, 315, 316, 319, Gabrenya, W. K., Jr., 277 Eberhardt, J., 315, 575 Exline, J., 57 334, 335, 349, 350 Gabriel, S., 169, 394 Eberhardt, J. L., 339 Fitzpatrick, A. R., 288 Gaebelein, J. W., 382 Ebert, J., 61, 62 F Fitzpatrick, M. A., 437 Gaeddert, W., 493 Ebert, J. E. J., 49 Fitzsimmons, G. J., 128 Gaertner, L., 45, 64, 329 Eckersley, R., 602 Fabrigar, L. R., 240 Flay, B. R., 235, 262 Gaertner, S. L., 312, 344, 467, Eckes, T., 128 Fairchild, H. H., 574 Fleming, M. A., 576 Edney, J. J., 489 Falbo, T., 394 Fletcher, G. J. O., 87, 101, 112, 468, 508, 513 Edwards, C. P., 181 Fallshore, M., 569 339, 402, 418, 419, 429 Gailliot, M. T., 57 Edwards, D., 498 Farquhar, J., 248 Flood, M., 370 Galanter, M., 259 Edwards, J., 425 Farrell, E. F., 263 Flynn, F. J., 473 Galbraith, J. K., 600 Edwards, J. A., 100 Farrelly, M. C., 242 Foa, E. B., 443 Galinsky, A. D., 518 Edwards, K., 240, 576 Farris, C., 102 Foa, U. B., 443 Galizio, M., 240 Efran, M. G., 573 Farwell, L., 111 Fogelman, E., 475 Gallagher, B., 311 Egan, L., 145 Faulkner, S. L., 276 Fokkema, T., 537 Gallo, L., 606 Ehrlich, P., 178 Faust, D., 530 Foley, L. A., 503 Gallo, L. C., 551 Ehrlinger, J., 311 Fazio, R., 129 Follett, M. P., 515 Gallup, G. H., Jr., 321 Eibach, R., 112 Fazio, R. H., 126, 151, 310, Fontes, N. E., 577 Gange, J. J., 270, 272 Eibach, R. P., 69, 311 Forbes, C., 347 Gangestad, S. W., 75, 408, 409 Eich, E., 87 503, 529 Ford, R., 311 Garb, H. N., 527, 532 Einstein, A., 354 FBI, 173 Ford, T. E., 322, 324 Garcia-Marques, T., 401 Eisenberg, N., 170, 449, 455, 469 Feather, N. T., 10 Forgas, J. P., 101, 240, 448 Gardner, M., 255 Eisenberger, N. I., 396 Federal Bureau of Form, W. H., 453 Gardner, W. L., 169, 431, 538 Eisenberger, R., 149 Forster, E. M., 150 Garner, R., 479 Eisenhower, D., 354 Investigation, 173, 311 Forster, J., 347 Garrity, M. J., 360 Eiser, J. R., 141 Federal Trade Commission, 262 Forsyth, D. R., 52, 544 Garry, M., 566–567 Elder, G. H., Jr., 405 Feeney, J., 430 Foss, R. D., 473 Gartner, R., 386 Elder, J., 327 Feeney, J. A., 427 Foster, C. A., 423, 435 Garver-Apgar, C. E., 415 Eldersveld, S., 248 Fein, S., 217, 330, 348 Foster, J. D., 55 Gastorf, J. W., 272 Ellemers, N., 328 Feinberg, J. M., 271 Fournier, R., 311 Gates, B., 458 Elliot, A., 148 Feingold, A., 177, 403, 404, 406, Fowler, J. H., 535 Gates, M. F., 269 Elliot, A. J., 151 Francis of Assisi, Saint, 445 Gaunt, R., 413 Elliott, L., 470 407, 573, 574 Frank, A., 146 Gavanski, L., 50 Ellis, B. J., 174 Feldman, M., 178 Frank, J., 259 Gavzer, B., 581 Ellis, H., 334 Feldman, N. S., 342 Frank, P., 467 Gawande, A., 65 Ellison, P., 280 Feldman, R. S., 114–115, 171 Frank, R., 325 Gawronski, B., 51 Ellman, L. M., 585 Feldman, S. S., 513 Frankel, A., 73 Gayoso, A., 581 Ellsworth, P., 582 Felicio, D. M., 348 Franklin, B., 35, 138, 569 Gazzaniga, M., 90, 131 Ellsworth, P. C., 564, 574, 580, Felson, R. B., 41, 355 Franklin, B. J., 467 Gearhart, J. P., 180 581, 587 Fenigstein, A., 110, 539 Frantz, C. M., 496 Gebauer, J. E., 400 Elms, A. C., 200 Ferguson, C. J., 377 Franzoi, S. L., 537 Geen, R. G., 270, 272, 359, 376, Emerson, R. W., 123, 180, 207, Ferguson, M. J., 89 Fraser, S. C., 134 279, 299, 341, 417 Ferguson, T. J., 567 Frasure-Smith, N., 541 377, 386 Emlen, S. T., 413 Fergusson, D. M., 435 Frederick, D. A., 409 Geers, A. L., 244 Emmons, R. A., 553 Feshbach, N., 263, 264 Freedman, J., 137, 252, 271 Geiselman, R. E., 569 Emswiller, T., 466 Festinger, L., 40, 123, 141, Freedman, J. L., 134 Geller, D., 208 Eng, P. M., 550 Freeh, L., 389 Gelles, R. J., 363 Engemann, K. M., 406 142, 143, 144, 236, 252, 279, Freeman, M. A., 42 Gentile, B. C., 43, 477 Engs, R., 223 288, 295 French, J. R. P., 65 Gentile, D. A., 376, 377, 379, Ennis, R., 258, 362 Feynman, R., 150 Freshley, H. B., 467 Enzle, M. E., 99, 577 Fichter, J., 322 Freud, S., 344, 422 380, 381 Epictetus, 152 Fiedler, F. E., 301 Freund, B., 67 George, D., 470 Epley, N., 28, 48, 65, 81, 537 Fiedler, L., 224 Frey, J., 366, 367 George, H., 197 Epstein, J. A., 263 Fincham, F., 102 Friedman, H. S., 415 Gerard, H. B., 211, 215, 216, 256 Epstein, R., 433 Fincham, F. D., 56 Friedman, R., 148 Gerbasi, K. C., 582 Epstein, S., 219 Finchilescu, G., 379, 502 Friedman, T., 360–361 Gerbner, G., 374, 378–379 Epstude, K., 97 Findley, M. J., 58 Friedman, T. L., 230 Gergen, K. E., 479 Erb, H.-P., 223 Fingerhut, A. W., 174, 553 Friedrich, J., 72 Gerrig, R. J., 96 Erber, R., 118, 330 Finkel, E. J., 57, 404 Friedrich, L. K., 477 Gerstein, L. H., 470 Erbring, L., 433 Finkenauer, J. I., 416 Frieze, I. H., 406 Gerstenfeld, P. B., 287 Erickson, B., 235, 517 Fischer, E. F., 423 Frimer, J. A., 469 Gesan, A., 496 Erikson, E., 428 Fischer, G. J., 575 Froming, W. J., 129 Geyer, A., 198 Eron, L. D., 375, 388 Fischer, P., 378 Fromkin, H., 223 Giancola, P. R., 358 Fischer, R., 66 Gibbons, F. X., 129, 447 Fischhoff, B., 14, 94 Fischstein, D. S., 174

Name Index N-5 Gibson, B., 67 Gray, C., 466 Halberstadt, A., 170 Hawkley, L. C., 537 Gifford, R., 338, 487, 488 Gray, J. D., 63 Halberstadt, J., 408, 507 Hawthorne, N., 132 Gigerenzer, G., 90, 96, 118 Graziano, W. G., 57, 381 Haldane, J. B. S., 452 Hazan, C., 427, 428, 435 Gigone, D., 288 Greeley, A. M., 138, 325, 431 Hall, G. C. N., 377 Hazlitt, W., 319, 533 Gilbert, D., 47, 61, 62, 103, 260 Green, A. R., 313 Hall, J., 171 Headey, B., 65 Gilbert, D. T., 41, 48–49, 50, 106, Green, C. W., 509 Hall, J. A., 172, 173, 403 Heap, B., 595 Green, D. P., 325, 509 Hall, M., 579 Hearold, S., 477 332, 398, 603 Green, J., 110 Hall, T., 87 Heath, C., 71, 223 Gilbert, L. A., 172 Green, M. C., 96 Hall, V. C., 149 Heatherton, T. F., 307 Gilham, J. E., 546 Green, S., 406 Halverson, A. M., 580 Hebl, M. R., 307, 322 Gill, M. J., 91 Greenberg, J., 53, 71, 73, 329, Hamamura, T., 64 Hecato, 417 Gillath, O. M., 428 Hamberger, J., 504 Hedge, A., 453 Gilligan, C., 169 493, 546 Hamblin, R. L., 387 Heesacker, M., 548 Gillis, J. S., 186 Greene, D., 148 Hamilton, D., 338, 339 Hehman, J. A., 308 Gilman, C. P., 229 Greene, J., 453 Hamilton, D. L., 98 Heider, F., 104 Gilovich, J., 63 Greenland, K., 513 Hamilton, V. L., 535 Heine, S., 42, 45 Gilovich, T., 36–37, 66, 92, 98, Greenles, C., 277 Hamm, H. K., 202 Heine, S. J., 45, 64, 165, 282, 339 Greenwald, A. G., 87, 89, 90, Hampson, R. B., 469 Heinrich, L. M., 537 99, 112, 461, 603 Hancock, K. J., 334 Heins, M., 381 Giltay, E. J., 543 126, 150, 310, 313, 314, 315 Hancock, R. D., 75 Heinz, A., 358 Ginsburg, B., 362 Greer, G., 166 Hand, B. L., 119, 532 Heise, L., 373 Gladwell, M., 16 Gregory, R. J., 202 Haney, C., 132, 574, 582 Heisenberg, W., 11 Glasman, L. R., 129 Greitemeyer, T., 378, 477 Hans, V. P., 581 Hellman, P., 441 Glass, C. R., 101 Griffit, W., 173, 366, 366–367, Hansen, D. E., 471 Helweg-Larsen, M., 172, 192 Glass, D. C., 136 Hansen, J., 592 Hemsley, G., 236 Gleason, M. E. J., 444 419 Hanson, D. J., 223 Henderson, M., 165 Glenn, N., 251 Grim, B. J., 307 Harbaugh, W. T., 444 Henderson-King, E. L., 337 Glick, P., 316, 319 Griskevicius, V., 452 Harber, K., 313 Hendrick, C., 240, 423 Glidden, M. V., 516 Groenenboom, A., 277 Harber, K. D., 114 Hendrick, S. S., 423, 431 Gockel, C., 277 Gronlund, S. D., 570 Harburg, E. Y., 398 Hennigan, K., 362 Goethals, G. R., 68, 69, 238 Gross, A. E., 412 Hardin, G., 487 Henrich, J., 444 Goethe, J. W. von, 129, 146, 244 Gross, A. M., 102 Hardy, C., 275 Henslin, M., 99 Goggin, W. C., 528 Gross, J. E., 446 Hardy, C. L., 444 Hepworth, J. T., 325 Goh, J. O., 43 Gross, J. T., 354 Haritos-Fatouros, M., 207 Heradstveit, D., 495 Goldberg, L. R., 110 Gross, P., 349 Harkins, S., 276 Herbener, E. S., 412 Goldberg, P., 317 Grote, N. K., 430 Harkins, S. G., 252, 274, Herek, G. M., 308, 504 Goldhagen, D. J., 206, 229 Grove, J. R., 63 Herlocker, C. E., 487 Goldman, W., 407 Grove, W. M., 530 275, 277 Hershberger, S. L., 452 Goldsmith, C., 230 Grube, J., 330 Harkness, K. L., 533 Hershey, J. C., 342 Goldstein, A., 334, 383 Gruder, C. L., 41, 235 Harmon-Jones, E., 151, 329, 400 Hertel, G., 277 Goldstein, A. P., 388 Gruendl, M., 409 Harries, K. D., 367 Hertwig, R., 298 Goldstein, D., 24 Gruman, J. C., 342 Harriman, S., 214 Herzog, S. M., 298 Goldstein, J. H., 386 Grunberger, R., 139 Harris, J. R., 168, 184, 185, 428 Heschel, A., 230 Golec de Zavala, A., 173, 257 Grusec, J. E., 465 Harris, L., 205 Hewstone, M., 102, 333, 334, Gonsalkorale, K., 395 Grush, J. E., 129, 247, 516 Harris, L. T., 315 Gonsalves, B., 567 Guadagno, R. E., 135 Harris, M. J., 114 340, 344, 501, 504, 513 Gonzaga, G., 421 Guégen, N., 135 Harris, V., 106, 109 Higbee, K. L., 25 Gonzaga, G. C., 413 Guerin, B., 65, 270, 272 Harrison, A. A., 400 Higgins, C. R., 70 Gonzalez, A., 510 Guimond, S., 319 Hart, A. J., 313, 331 Higgins, E. T., 133, 277, 534 Gonzalez, A. Q., 317 Guiness, O., 434 Harter, J. K., 608 Hillery, J., 270 González-Vallejo, C., 89 Gullone, E., 537 Harton, H. C., 213 Hilmert, C. J., 213 Goode, E., 197 Gunter, B., 342, 377 Hartup, W. W., 553 Hilton, J. L., 82, 348 Goodhart, D. E., 68 Gupta, U., 425 Harvey, J., 431 Hine, D. W., 487, 488 Gordijn, E. H., 242, 584 Gurin, P., 504 Harvey, J. H., 438 Hines, M., 180 Gordon, R. A., 417 Gurley, V. F., 608 Harvey, R. J., 538 Hinkle, S., 326 Gordon, S. L., 423 Guthrie, W., 219 Haselton, J. H., 68 Hinsz, V. B., 288, 296, 384 Gore, A., 507 Gutierres, D. T., 411 Haselton, M., 118 Hippocrates, 366 Gortmaker, S. L., 25, 307 Gutierres, S. E., 411 Haselton, M. G., 409 Hirschman, R. S., 262 Gosselin, J. T., 57 Gutmann, D., 181 Haslam, N., 104, 329 Hirt, E. R., 85, 534 Gotlib, I. H., 516, 534 Guttentag, M., 318 Haslam, S. A., 133 Hitchcock, A., 375 Gottlieb, A., 464 Hass, R. G., 313 Hitler, A., 232 Gottlieb, J., 473–474 H Hasselhoff, D., 68 Hitsch, G. J., 405 Gottman, J., 437 Hastie, R., 61, 288, 294, 572, Hixon, J. G., 332 Gough, H. G., 539 Hacker, H. M., 319 Ho, S. J., 413 Gough, S., 207 Hackman, J. R., 277 578, 581, 584 Hobbes, T., 356 Gould, M. S., 196 Hadden, J. K., 322 Hastorf, A., 5 Hobden, K. L., 142 Gould, S. J., 489 Haddock, G., 169, 252, 316 Hatfield, E., 147, 236, 403, 417, Hodges, B., 198 Gouldner, A. W., 449 Haeffel, G. J., 533 Hodgkinson, V. A., 472 Gove, W. R., 553 Haemmerlie, F. M., 545–546 419, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, Hodson, G., 504 Govern, J., 280 Hafer, C. L., 340 428, 429, 493 Hoffer, E., 194 Grajek, S., 426 Hafner, H., 196 Hatzfeld, J., 383 Hoffman, C., 50 Gramzow, R. H., 71 Hagendoorn, L., 309 Haugen, J. A., 25 Hoffman, L. W., 322 Granberg, D., 212 Hagerty, M. R., 362, 603 Haugtvedt, C. P., 245 Hoffman, M. L., 456 Granstrom, K., 294 Hagtvet, K. A., 21 Hauser, D., 233 Hofling, C. K., 203 Graves, J., 274 Haidt, J., 38, 465 Havel, V., 605 Hofmann, W., 126 Graves, R., 422 Hains, M. A., 294 Hawkins, L. B., 75 Hawkins, W. L., 577

N-6 Name Index Hogan, R., 302 I Johnson, H., 429 Kaufman, J., 363 Hogg, M., 326 Johnson, J., 133 Kaufman-Gilliland, C. M., 489 Hogg, M. A., 213, 289, 302 Ibsen, H., 119 Johnson, J. D., 324, 343, 377, 501 Kawachi, I., 362, 552 Hogg, S. C., 294 Ickes, B., 110 Johnson, J. G., 376 Kawakami, K., 208, 310 Holland, R., 81 Ickes, W., 188, 219, 282, 343, 451 Johnson, M. H., 101, 534 Kay, A. C., 316 Holland, R. W., 151 Iizuka, Y., 164 Johnson, P., 221 Kaye, D., 240 Hollander, E. P., 216 Imai, Y., 63 Johnson, R., 281 Kearney, K., 330 Hollin, C. R., 571 Imber, L., 335 Johnson, R. T., 510, 515, 516 Keating, J. P., 252 Holmberg, D., 87 Imhoff, R., 223 Johnson, S., 329 Kebbell, M. R., 569 Holmes, J., 87 Ingham, A., 274 Johnson, W., 599 Keillor, G., 64 Holmes, J. G., 430 Ingham, A. G., 274 Johnston, L., 88 Keith, P. M., 429 Holmes, O. W., Jr., 96, Inglehart, M. R., 39 Joiner, T. E., Jr., 196, 534 Keizer, K., 163 Inglehart, R., 60, 61, 160, 184, Joinson, A. N., 433 Keller, E. B., 249 562, 610 Joly-Mascheroni, R. M., 195 Keller, J., 347 Holson, L. M., 394 438, 553, 599, 600 Jonas, K., 196 Kellerman, J., 437 Holt, R., 582 Inkster, J., 145 Jones, C. S., 574 Kellermann, A. L., 369 Holtgraves, T., 44 Inman, M. L., 496 Jones, E., 73, 104, 106, 109 Kelley, H., 104–105 Holtman, Z., 503 Innes, J. M., 11, 272 Jones, E. E., 106, 108, 136, 245, Kelley, H. H., 115 Holtz, R., 329 Insko, C. A., 414, 415 Kelley, K., 386 Holtzworth-Munroe, A., 102 Intergovernmental Panel on 417, 537, 545, 569 Kelly, B. R., 362 Honigman, R. J., 406 Jones, J. M., 344, 414, 458 Kelly, D. J., 334, 401 Hoorens, V., 65, 66, 399 Climate Change, 592 Jones, J. T., 400, 427 Kelman, H. C., 495, 517, 518 Hoover, C. W., 474 International Labour Jones, R. A., 244 Kendler, K. S., 535 Hooykaas, R., 120 Jones, T., 321 Kennedy, D., 159, 592 Hormuth, S. E., 73 Organization, 182 Jones, T. F., 197 Kennedy, J. F., 216 Hornstein, H., 356 Inzlicht, M., 345 Jones, W. H., 29, 435 Kennedy, K. A., 495 Horowitz, L., 427 Isen, A. M., 101, 448 Jost, J. T., 53, 316 Kenny, D. A., 414, 415 Horowitz, L. M., 415 Isozaki, M., 284 Joubert, 215 Kenrick, D., 176, 179 Horowitz, S. V., 516 Ito, T. A., 358 Jourard, S., 430, 431 Kenrick, D. T., 178, 367, 411, Horton, R. S., 412 Iyengar, S. S., 60, 61 Jourden, F. J., 71 Horwitz, A. V., 554 Judd, C., 314 414, 425 Hosch, H. M., 103, 334, 571 J Judge, T. A., 302 Kenrick, E. P., 446 Höss, R., 108 Jussim, L., 11, 81, 114, 117, Kenrick, S. E., 411 Houck, M. M., 580 Jackman, M., 316 Kenworthy, J. B., 300 House, R. J., 302 Jackman, M. R., 311 118, 309 Kernahan, C., 173 Houston, V., 405 Jackson, J., 58, 111 Juvenal, 341 Kernis, M. H., 56 Hovland, C., 231, 244 Jackson, J. M., 271, 275 Kerr, N., 582, 587 Hovland, C. I., 239, 244, 325 Jackson, J. W., 339 K Kerr, N. L., 172, 215, 275, 277, Howard, D. J., 232 Jackson, L. A., 406 Howell, C. J., 599 Jacob, C., 135 Kagan, J., 10, 357 489, 490, 491, 577, 582, 584, Howell, R. T., 599 Jacobs, R., 194 Kagehiro, D. K., 579, 580, 582 586, 587 Hoyle, R. H., 413 Jacobson, C. K., 203 Kahle, L. R., 127 Kerr, R. A., 592, 593 Hrebec, D., 515 Jacobson, L., 114 Kahlor, L., 371 Kessler, T., 513 Hsee, C., 61 Jacobson, N., 102 Kahn, A., 493 Key, E., 383 Hu, L., 334 Jacoby, S., 415 Kahn, M. W., 362 Kidd, J. B., 72 Huart, J., 343, 344 Jacques-Tiura, A. J., 373 Kahneman, D., 50, 91, 95, 97, Kidd, R. F., 451 Huddy, L., 334 Jaffe, Y., 383, 384 Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., 542 Huesmann, L. R., 357, James, H., 412 99, 100, 297, 400, 495–496, Kierkegaard, S., 14 James, W., 73, 146, 147, 152, 321 519 Kiesler, C., 260 376, 388 Jamieson, D., 115 Kalick, S. M., 406 Kight, T. D., 423 Huff, C., 28 Janda, L. H., 406 Kalton, G., 23 Kihlstrom, J. F., 39 Hugenberg, K., 313, 314, 335 Janes, L. M., 216 Kalven, H., Jr., 572, 582, Kihlstrom, John F., 85 Hui, C. H., 493 Janis, I. L., 240, 244, 290, 291, 584, 586 Kilburn, J., 377 Hull, J. G., 282, 539 Kambara, T., 368 Kim, H., 44 Hulton, A. J. B., 41 294, 295, 497, 498 Kameda, T., 299 Kim, H. S., 44 Human Security Centre, 354 Jankowiak, W. R., 423 Kammer, D., 110 Kimmel, A. J., 28 Hunsberger, B., 321 Janoff, D., 547 Kanagawa, C., 42 Kimmel, M. J., 490 Hunt, A. R., 183 Jason, L. A., 473 Kanazawa, S., 405 Kinder, D. R., 83 Hunt, M., 58, 170, 458 Jefferson, T., 92 Kandel, D. B., 415 King, L. A., 551 Hunt, P., 270 Jeffery, R. W., 547 Kanekar, S., 103 King, L. L., 416 Hunt, R., 308 Jelalian, E., 85 Kanten, A. B., 64 Kingdon, J. W., 63 Hunter, J. A., 495 Jellison, J. M., 110 Kaplan, M. F., 290, 332, 574, 575 Kingston, D. A., 371, 372 Hunter, J. D., 230 Jemmott, J. B., III, 542 Kaprio, J., 550 Kinnier, R. T., 98 Huo, Y. J., 513 Jenkins, A. C., 315 Karasawa, M., 399 Kinsley, M., 301 Hur, T., 98 Jenkins, H. M., 98 Karau, S. J., 275, 277 Kipling, R., 162, 329 Hurt, H. T., 538 Jennings, D. L., 98 Karney, B. R., 418, 431, 437 Kippax, S., 374 Husband, R. W., 269 Jensen, J., 308 Kasen, S., 180 Kirschner, P., 240 Huston, A. C., 374 Jervis, R., 82, 494 Kashima, E. S., 42 Kirsh, S. J., 374 Huston, T. L., 404, 424, 437 Jetten, J., 213 Kashima, Y., 42 Kirshenbaum, H. M., 570 Hutnik, N., 513 John, O. P., 165 Kashy, D. A., 537 Kissinger, H., 408 Hutson, M., 581 Johns, M., 347 Kasser, T., 602 Kitayama, S., 41–42, 42, 44, 45, Hvistendahl, M., 318 Johnson, A. L., 268 Kassin, S. M., 115, 571, 577 46, 111, 192, 399 Hyde, J. S., 168, 535 Johnson, B. T., 240, 302 Katz, E., 249 Kite, M. E., 181 Hyers, L., 208 Johnson, D. J., 412 Katz, I., 467 Kitt, A. S., 362 Hyman, H. H., 311 Johnson, D. W., 510, 511, Katz, J., 534 Klapwijk, A., 520 Hyman, R., 134 Katzev, R., 215, 474 Klauer, K. C., 315 515, 516 Johnson, E. J., 24

Name Index N-7 Kleck, R., 336 Krull, D. S., 111 Leary, M. R., 74, 140, 393, 395, Lilienfeld, S. O., 527 Kleck, R. E., 336 Kubany, E. S., 387 538, 544 Liljenquist, K., 474 Klein, I., 116 Kubey, R., 379 Lim, D. T. K., 101 Klein, J. G., 416 Kugihara, N., 277 LeBoeuf, R., 103 Lind, E. A., 476 Klein, O., 75 Kuiper, N. A., 534 LeDoux, J., 89 Linder, D., 417–418 Klein, W. M., 398 Kull, S., 141 Lee, A. Y., 242 Lindsay, R. C. L., 562, 567, Kleinhesselink, R., 330 Kunda, Z., 331, 343, 344, 398 Lee, F., 111 Kleinke, C. L., 147, 202 Kunkel, D., 378 Lee, R. Y.-P., 413 570, 571 Klentz, B., 412 Kunst-Wilson, W. R., 401 Lee, Y.-S., 65 Lindskold, S., 520 Klinesmith, J., 358 Kupper, N., 541 Lee, Y.-T., 309 Linssen, H., 309 Klinger, M., 90 Kurtz, J. E, 415 Lefcourt, H. M., 58 Linville, P. W., 24, 334 Klohnen, E. C., 413 Kurz, E., 324 Legrain, P., 160 Linz, D., 371, 373 Klopfer, P. H., 269 Kurzman, D., 470 Lehavot, K., 413 Lippa, R. A., 170, 173, 403 Klucharev, V., 216 Lehman, D. R., 45, 119, 339 Lippitt, R., 498 Knight, G. P., 173 L Leippe, M. R., 561, 562, 563 Lipsey, M. W., 388 Knight, J., 401 Le Mens, G., 217 Lipsitz, A., 134 Knight, J. A., 398 Lacey, M., 514 Lemyre, L., 329 Little, A., 408 Knight, P. A., 236 LaFrance, M., 48, 170, 172 Lench, H. C., 67 Livingston, R. W., 313, 406 Knowles, E. D., 224 LaFromboise, T., 513 L’Engle, M., 118 Locke, E. A., 301 Knowles, E. S., 271 Lagerspetz, K., 357 Lennon, J., 393 Locke, J., 213 Knox, R., 145 Lagerspetz, K. M. J., 383 Lennon, R., 170 Locke, K. D., 415 Knudson, R. M., 515–516 Lagnado, D., 294 Leodoro, G., 474 Locke, S. E., 542 Kobrynowicz, D., 335 Laird, J., 86 Leon, D., 277 Locksley, A., 327, 348 Koehler, D. J., 94 Laird, J. D., 86, 146, 437 Leonardelli, G. F., 395, 537 Lockwood, P., 41, 53 Koehler, J. J., 580 Laird, N. M., 567 Leone, C., 75 Loewenstein, G., 49, 466 Koenig, L. B., 251 Lake, R. A., 467 LePage, A., 369 Lofland, J., 257 Koestner, R., 317, 405 Lake, V. K. B., 473 Lepore, S. J., 551 Loftin, C., 369 Koestner, R. F., 68 Lakin, J. L., 396, 413 Lepper, M., 82, 85, 148 Loftus, E. F., 86, 90, 561, 562, Kohnken, G., 569 Lalancette, M.-F., 220 Lepper, M. R., 60, 84 Koladny, A., 28 Lalonde, R. N., 63 Lerner, M., 340 564, 566, 567, 569 Kolata, G., 571 Lalwani, A. K., 44 Lerner, M. J., 65, 340, 341 Logan, D. D., 582 Kolivas, E. D., 102 Lamal, P. A., 85 Lerner, R. M., 467 Loges, W. E., 309 Komorita, S. S., 490 Lambert, A. J., 413 Leshner, A., 17, 179 Lombardo, J. P., 420 Konrad, A. M., 170 Lamberth, J., 313 Leung, K., 166, 493 LoMonaco, B., 192 Koo, M., 606 Lamoreaux, M., 44 Levav, J., 128 London, K., 577 Koole, S. L., 394, 400 Landau, M. J., 330 Leventhal, H., 241, 242, 262, 540 London, P., 477 Koomen, W., 162, 309 Landers, A., 22, 385 Levesque, M. J., 103 Lonner, W. J., 165, 167 Koop, C. E., 371, 372 Laner, M. R., 172 Levin, I., 537 Lord, C., 82, 85 Koppel, M., 172 Langer, E., 59–60, 99, 335 Levine, J., 300, 301 Lord, C. G., 348 Koriat, A., 94 Langer, E. J., 71, 245 Levine, J. M., 212, 299 Losch, M. E., 151 Korn, J. H., 27 Langford, D. J., 456 Levine, M., 464, 467 Lott, A. J., 213, 419 Korn, W. S., 599 Langlois, J., 407 Levine, R., 262 Lott, B. E., 213, 419 Korte, C., 464 Langlois, J. H., 405, 407, 408 Levine, R. V., 464 Loughman, S., 329 Koss, M. P., 373 Lanzetta, J., 147 Levinger, G., 274 Lovett, F., 65 Kovar, J. L., 405 Lanzetta, J. T., 147, 505 Levinson, H., 491 Lowenstein, D., 380 Kowalski, R. M., 173, 395, 538 Lao Tzu, 188 Levitan, L. C., 264 Lowenstein, G., 69 Krackow, A., 203 Lao-tzu, 64 Levy, B., 57 Lowenthal, M. F., 180 Krahé, B., 373 La Rochefoucauld, F. de, 129, Levy, S. R., 339 Loy, J. W., 5 Kramer, A. E., 277 Levy-Leboyer, C., 241 Lücken, M., 299 Kramer, G. P., 576 136, 418–419 Lewandowski, G. W., 435 Lüdtke, O., 21 Kraus, S. J., 125 Larsen, K., 220 Lewandowski, G. W., Jr., 412 Lueptow, L. B., 316 Krauss, R. M., 490 Larsen, O. N., 196 Lewandowsky, S., 85 Luginbuhl, J., 582 Kraut, R. E., 475 Larsen, R. J., 357, 537 Lewicki, P., 419 Luhtanen, R., 326 Kravitz, D. A., 274 Larson, J. R., Jr., 286, 288 Lewin, K., 18, 220, 498 Lumsdaine, A. A., 244 Krebs, D., 402, 444, 445 Larsson, K., 269 Lewinsohn, P. M., 534, 535–536 Lumsden, A., 230 Krebs, D. L., 453 Larwood, L., 65, 72 Lewis, C. S., 47, 143, 145, 224, Luntz, F., 141 Krendl, A. C., 347 Lasater, T., 237 Luo, S., 413 Kressel, D. F., 581 Lassiter, D., 109 252, 553 Luthans, F., 57 Kressel, K., 518 Lassiter, G. D., 65, 109 Lewis, D. O., 357 Lutsky, L. A., 48 Kressel, N. J., 581 Latané, B., 271, 274, 275, 276, Lewis, J., 437 Lüüs, C. A. E., 568 Krisberg, K., 237 Lewis, P., 407 Lydon, J., 202 Kristof, N. D., 593 300, 459, 460, 461, 462, Lewis, R., 424 Lykken, D. T., 286, 358, 363, 398 Krizan, Z., 66 463–464, 469 Lewis, R. J., 336 Lynch, J. G., Jr., 92 Kroger, R. O., 166 Latham, G. P., 301 Lewis, R. S., 43 Lynch, J. W., 552 Krosnick, J. A., 23, 251, 252 Laughlin, P. R., 296 Lewis, S. A., 515 Lynn, M., 474, 491 Krueger, A., 361 Laumann, E. O., 103, 174 Leyens, J.-P., 328, 377, 416 Lyons, L., 318 Krueger, J., 68, 69, 333, 349 Lawler, A., 278 Li, N. P., 409 Lyons, P. M., 573, 574 Krueger, R. F., 469, 599 Lay, T. C., 505 Liberman, A., 243 Lyubomirsky, S., 551, 603 Kruger, J., 65, 66, 91, 94, 97, 118, Layden, M. A., 546–547 Liberman, V., 491 Lazarsfeld, P., 14 Lichtblau, E., 263, 313 M 432–433 Leahy, W., 92 Lichtenberg, G. C., 222 Kruger, T., 63 Leaper, C., 172 Lichtenstein, S., 94 Ma, V., 42 Kruglanski, A. W., 118, 173, Leary, 395 Licoppe, C., 169 Maachi, L., 580 Leary, M., 21, 38, 42, 53, 75 Lieberman, M. D., 396 Maass, A., 300, 301, 339 257, 299, 355, 495 Liebler, A., 92 Maass, S. A., 213 Krugman, P., 230 Liehr, P., 505

N-8 Name Index Macaulay, T., 457 Mastroianni, G. R., 133 Meier, B. P., 384 Mirenberg, M. C., 400 Maccoby, E., 169, 285 Masuda, T., 44, 111 Meissner, C. A., 334, 564, Mirsky, S., 454 Maccoby, N., 248, 249, 252 Masure, R. M., 269 Mischel, W., 218 MacCoun, R. J., 215, 586 Matheny, A. P., Jr., 357 569, 570 Mita, T. H., 401 MacDonald, G., 49, 248, Mathewson, G. C., 256 Meleshko, K. G. A., 539 Mitchell, F., 287 Matthews, D., 417 Mellers, B., 95 Mitchell, G., 493 358, 395 Matthews, K. A., 542, 551 Mellon, P., 114 Mitchell, J., 315, 425 MacDonald, T., 48 Maugham, W. S., 411 Melnyk, D., 496 Mitchell, K. J., 564 MacFarlane, S. W., 367 Maurice, J., 411 Memom, A., 567 Mitchell, T., 86 Mack, D., 406 Mauro, R., 580, 581, 587 Memon, A., 526, 571 Mitchell, T. L., 574 Mackie, D. M., 240, 332 Maxwell, G. M., 426 Mendonca, P. J., 545 Modigliani, A., 207, 442 MacLeod, C., 95 Mayer, J. D., 101, 534 Merari, A., 287 Moffitt, T., 358 MacLin, O. H., 570 Mazur, A., 359 Merikle, P. M., 81 Moghaddam, F. M., 287 Macrae, C. N., 330, 331, Mazzella, R., 573, 574 Merton, R., 113 Molander, E. A., 65 Mazzoni, G., 567 Merton, R. K., 120, 362 Monge, P. R., 60 332, 409 Mazzuca, J., 378 Merz, J. F., 580 Monin, B., 69, 313 Macrae, N., 88 McAlister, A., 261, 262 Mesmer-Magnus, J. R., 296 Monson, T. C., 219 Madden, N. A., 509 McAllister, H. A., 567 Mesout, J., 563 Montaigne, 129 Maddux, J. E., 57, 242, 526–527, McAndrew, F. T., 245, 453 Messé, L. A., 490 Monteith, M. J., 331 McAuslan, P., 102 Messick, D. M., 272, 493 Montgomery, D. A., 576 527, 531 McBurney, D. H., 409 Messner, S., 286 Montgomery, R. L., 545–546 Maddux, W. W., 325, 517 McCann, C. D., 75, 133 Metalsky, G. I., 535 Montoya, R. M., 404, 412, 415 Madon, S., 114, 309 McCarthy, J. F., 362 Metha, A. T., 98 Moody, K., 263 Madrian, B. C., 24 McCartney, P., 393 Mettee, D. R., 418 Moons, W. G., 240, 248 Mae, L., 84 McCauley, C., 287, 293, 294, Mewborn, C. R., 242 Moore, D., 272 Magaro, P. A., 101, 534 Meyers, S. A., 422 Moore, D. A., 66 Mahalik, J. R., 169, 452 309, 361 Mezei, L., 333 Moore, D. L., 270 Maheswaran, D., 233 McClure, J., 105 Mezulis, A. H., 63 Moore, D. W., 23, 230, 245 Major, B., 63 McConahay, J. B., 511 Michaels, J., 270 Moos, R. H., 60 Malamuth, N., 372 McConnell, K., 86 Mickelson, K. D., 427 Mor, N., 535 Malamuth, N. M., 371, 372, 373 McCormick, C. M., 358 Middendorf, K., 582 Moran, G., 576, 581, 582 Malkiel, B., 92 McCrae, R. R., 165 Mikula, G., 493 Moran, T., 518 Malle, B., 108 McCullough, J. L., 401 Mikulincer, M., 330, 394, 455 Moreland, R., 301 Malone, P., 103 McDermott, T., 209 Milgram, A., 200 Moreland, R. L., 401 Malpass, R. S., 334 McFall, R. M., 527 Milgram, S., 4–5, 198, 199–202, Morgan, C. A., III, 563 Mander, A., 382 McFarland, C., 87, 289 Morgan, J. R., 72 Maner, J. K., 133, 330, 349, McFarland, S., 133 205, 207, 208, 209, 211, 214, Morgan, K. L., 539 McFarland, S. G., 320, 321 218, 219, 220, 387 Morin, R., 504 359, 435 McGarty, C., 280 Mill, J. S., 191, 293 Morling, B., 44 Manis, M., 349 McGillicuddy, N. B., 518–519 Millar, K. U., 242 Morris, M. W., 490 Mann, L., 279, 294 McGillis, D., 572 Millar, M., 51 Morris, R., 358 Mannell, R. C., 149 McGlone, M. S., 248 Millar, M. G., 242 Morris, W. N., 212 Manning, R., 459 McGlynn, R. P., 296 Millar, P., 603 Morrison, D., 371 Mar, R. A., 96 McGovern, K. A., 80 Miller, A., 209 Morrison, E. L., 408 Marcus, S., 200 McGrath, J. E., 268 Miller, A. G., 85, 106, 200, 206 Morrow, L., 192 Marcus Aurelius, 17, 229 McGraw, A. P., 97 Miller, C. E., 216 Morry, M. M., 313 Marcus-Newhall, A., 360 McGraw, K. M., 335 Miller, C. T., 82, 348 Moscovici, S., 11, 284, 299, 301 Markey, P., 135, 415 McGregor, I., 330, 384 Miller, D., 289, 335 Moskowitz, G. B., 518 Markman, H. J., 437 McGuire, A., 262 Miller, D. G., 566 Motherhood Project, 263, 264 Markman, K. D., 85, 97 McGuire, W., 224, 260, 261 Miller, D. T., 97, 327, 340 Mouton, J. S., 508, 518 Marks, G., 68, 398 McGuire, W. J., 224, 232 Miller, D. W., 581 Moyer, K. E., 357 Markus, H., 8, 39, 42, 44, 45, McKelvie, S. J., 95 Miller, G., 409 Moylan, S., 101 McKenna, F. P., 65 Miller, G. E., 67, 542 Moynihan, D. P., 10 46, 57 McKenna, K. Y. A., 287, 433 Miller, G. R., 577 Muehlenhard, C. L., 103 Markus, H. R., 192 McKenzie-Mohr, D., 386 Miller, J. B., 169 Mueller, C. M., 58 Marmaros, D., 501 McLaughlin, D. S., 475 Miller, J. G., 111, 450 Mueller, C. W., 377 Marmot, M. G., 552 McMillan, D., 343 Miller, K. I., 60 Mugny, G., 299 Marsden, P., 362 McMillen, D. L., 446, 447 Miller, L. C., 430 Mullainathan, S., 313 Marsh, H. W., 40, 41, 52 McMullen, M. N., 97 Miller, L. E., 129 Mullen, B., 63, 68, 213, 269, 271, Marshall, R., 42 McNeill, B. W., 548 Miller, N., 68, 236, 245, 360, Marshall, W. L., 372 McNulty, J. K., 102 398–399, 503, 511 272, 275, 279, 291, 295, 328, Marshuetz, C., 406 McPeek, R. W., 545 Miller, N. E., 360 334, 383 Marston, M. V., 362 McPherson, M., 397 Miller, P. A., 455, 466 Mullen, G., 214 Martens, A., 137 McQuinn, R. D., 421, 431, 537 Miller, P. C., 58 Muller, S., 240 Marti, M. W., 587 Mead, G. H., 41 Miller, P. J. E., 418, 427 Mullin, C. R., 371 Martin, B., 274 Mead, M., 267 Miller, R., 117 Mummendey, A., 513 Martin, L., 118 Meade, R., 220 Miller, R. S., 71, 75, 212, Munhall, P. J., 65 Martin, R., 300 Means, B., 101 412, 435 Munro, G., 83 Martino, S. C., 378 Medalia, N. Z., 196 Millett, K., 431 Murachver, T., 169 Marty, M., 30 Medvec, V., 36 Mills, J., 256, 429 Muraven, M., 56 Maruyama, G., 21, 317 Medvec, V. H., 97, 98, 461 Mims, P. R., 452 Murphy, C., 14, 15 Marvelle, K., 406 Meehl, P. E., 530 Minard, R. D., 322 Murphy, C. M., 358 Marx, K., 270, 362, 493 Meertens, R. W., 325 Mintz, N. L., 419 Murphy-Berman, V., 493 Maslow, A. H., 12, 419 Mehl, M. R., 7, 48, 394 Mio, J. S., 491 Murray, D. M., 563 Masserman, J. H., 456 Mehlman, P. T., 359 Mirabile, R. R., 264 Murray, J. P., 374, 378 Mast, M. S., 171, 403 Mirels, H. L., 545 Mastekaasa, A., 554 Masters, C., 433 Masters, K. S., 470–471

Name Index N-9 Murray, S., 115 Nigro, G., 323 Ornstein, R., 134, 204 Penrod, S. D., 562, 569, 584 Murray, S. L., 56, 414, 417, 418 Nijstad, B. A., 296 Orwell, G., 505 Penton-Voak, I., 408 Murstein, B. L., 404 Nisbett, R., 43, 118, 119 Osborne, J. W., 347 Pepitone, A., 279 Muson, G., 375 Nisbett, R. E., 44, 108, 119, Osgood, C. E., 519, 520 Peplau, L. A., 174, 423, 430, 553 Mussweiler, T., 148 Oskamp, S., 128 Pereira, J., 380 Myers, D. G., 61, 87, 96, 100, 337, 364 Osofsky, M. J., 137 Perkins, H. W., 553 Nix, G., 536 Osterhouse, R. A., 252 Perlman, D., 553 285, 290, 372, 435, 554, 600 Noble, A. M., 584 Ostrom, T. M., 333, 401 Perls, F., 225, 385–386 Myers, J., 297 Noel, J. G., 58 Oswald, A., 607 Perrett, D., 408 Myers, J. E., 425 Nolan, J., 216 Oullette, J. A., 128 Perretta, S., 569 Myers, L. B., 65 Nolan, S. A., 394 Ovid, 404, 444 Perrin, S., 220 Myers, N., 592, 596 Nolen-Hoeksema, S., 535 Owyang, M. T., 406 Persico, N., 406 Noller, P., 427, 437, 438 Oxfam, 182 Persky, S., 380 N Noon, E., 571 Oyserman, D., 42 Pessin, J., 269 Noor, M., 517 Ozer, E. M., 41 Peters, E., 241 Nadler, A., 282, 449, 452 NORC, 183 Peterson, C., 58, 71, 533, 543 Nagar, D., 271 Norem, J., 68 P Peterson, E., 30 Nagourney, A., 125 Norem, J. K., 68 Peterson, I., 571 Nail, P. R., 192, 223 Norenzayan, A., 165, 471 Packer, D. J., 200, 295 Peterson, J. L., 379 Nair, H., 249 North, A. C., 232 Padawer-Singer, A., 224 Petruska, R., 470 Nasby, W., 415 North, N., 205 Padgett, V. R., 202 Pettigrew, T. F., 308, 312, 322, National Center for Health Norton, B. A., 413 Page, S. E., 294, 300 Norton, M. I., 69 Page-Gould, E., 503 325, 329, 339, 361, 499–500, Statistics (NCHS), 337, 541, Nosek, B. A., 51, 126, 310 Pallak, M. S., 243 500, 503, 504, 505 549–550 Nosow, S., 453 Pallak, S. R., 237 Petty, R. E., 125, 147–148, 151, National Institute of Mental Notarius, C., 437 Palmer, D. L., 325 232, 233, 239, 240, 243, 244, Health, 477 Novalis, 212 Palmer, E. L., 263 252, 277 National Research Council, Nunez, N., 526, 577 Palmer, M. L., 109 Phares, J., 58 370, 389 Nurius, P., 39 Paloutzian, R., 247 Phillips, D. L., 496–497 National Safety Council, 7, 96 Nurmi, J.-E., 53, 538 Pandey, J., 111, 271 Phillips, D. P., 196 National Television Violence Nuttin, J. M., Jr., 399 Paolini, S., 504 Phillips, T., 514 Study, 374 Nyhan, B., 248 Papastamou, S., 299 Phinney, J. S., 513 Navratilova, M., 73 Pape, R. A., 355 Pichon, I., 471 Nawrat, R., 448 O Parachin, V. M., 470 Pierce, J. P., 247 Naylor, T. H., 302 Parashur, U. D., 96 Pierce, K. P., 513 Nazareth, A., 103 Oaten, M., 59 Park, B., 334 Pilaivin, J. A., 444, 445, 479 Needles, D. J., 535 Oatley, K., 96 Park, L., 56 Piliavin, I. M., 445 Neely, R., 474 Obama, B., 60, 295, 378 Parke, R. D., 377 Pincus, H. A., 541 Neff, L. A., 431 Obama, M., 455 Parker, K. D., 553 Pincus, J. H., 357 Neidorf, S., 504 Oceja, L., 458 Parliament of the World Pinel, E. C., 116, 336 Neimeyer, G. J., 548 O’Connor, A., 219 Pingitore, R., 307 Nelson, E., 238 Oddone-Paolucci, E., 371 Religions, 476 Pinker, S., 159, 170, 174, 317 Nelson, L., 103, 335 O’Dea, T. F., 257 Pascal, B., 89, 548 Pipher, M., 537 Nelson, L. D., 408 Odean, T., 99, 172 Pascarella, E. T., 285 Pittinsky, T., 347 Nelson, T., 349 O’Farrell, T. J., 358 Pashler, H., 298 Plaks, J. E., 277 Nemeth, C., 212–213, 299–300 Ohbuchi, K., 368 Passariello, C., 223 Plant, E. A., 115 Nemeth, C. J., 294, 295, 296, O’Heeron, R. C., 550 Patrick, H., 394 Plato, 316, 377 300, 301 O’Hegarty, M., 241 Patrick, W., 537, 549 Platow, M., 194 Nettle, D., 68 Ohtaki, P., 302 Patterson, D., 208 Platz, S. J., 334 Nettles, B., 258 Oishi, S., 44, 489 Patterson, G. R., 362, 363 Pliner, P., 134 Neuberg, S. L., 330 Oldenquist, A., 491 Patterson, M., 164 Plomin, R., 184 Neumann, R., 194 O’Leary, K. D., 436 Patterson, T. E., 401 Poincaré, J. H., 17 Newby-Clark, I. R., 91 Oleson, K. C., 344 Paulhus, D., 54, 141 Polk, M., 278 Newcomb, T., 251, 279 Olfson, M., 541 Paulhus, D. L., 101, 539 Pomazal, R. J., 452 Newcomb, T. M., 397, 413 Oliner, P. M., 477 Pauling, L., 493 Pondy, L. R., 496 New Economic Foundation, Oliner, S. P., 477 Paulus, P., 295, 297 Poniewozik, J., 82 607 Olson, E. A., 570 Paulus, P. B., 270, 296 Poole, D. A., 526 Newell, B., 294 Olson, I. R., 406 Paul VI (Pope), 483 Pooley, E., 242 Newell, B. R., 89 Olson, J. M., 75, 115, 142, 151, Pavelich, J., 109 Popenoe, D., 435 Newman, H. M., 71 Payne, K., 314 Population Reference Bureau, Newman, L. S., 111, 574 216, 235 Payne, R., 549 594 Newport, F., 141, 171, 179, 230 Olson, K. R., 342 Pearlman, L. A., 518 Pornpitakpan, C., 236 Nias, D. K. B., 415 Olweus, D., 357, 358 Peckham, V., 274 Post, J., 288 Nichols, J., 462 O’Malley, P. M., 21 Pedersen, A., 312 Postman, L., 563 Nicholson, C., 242 O’Mara, A., 52 Pedersen, W. C., 360 Postmes, T., 281, 295 Nicholson, N., 220 Omarzu, J., 438 Pegalis, L. J., 430 Potok, C., 30 Nicks, S. D., 27 Omoto, A., 471 Pelham, B., 56, 472 Potter, J., 498 Nida, S., 460 Omoto, A. M., 473 Pelham, B. W., 400 Potter, T., 408 Nie, N. H., 433 Opotow, S., 476 Peng, K., 224 Pratkanis, A. R., 73, 235, 294, Niebuhr, R., 67 Oppenheimer, D., 105 Pennebaker, J. W., 7, 394, 432, 449, 512 Niedermeier, K. E., 580 Oppenheimer, D. M., 94 Pratt, M. W., 180 Niemi, R. G., 183, 386 Orbell, J. M., 489 505, 540, 550 Pratto, F., 170, 171, 320 Niemiec, C. P., 394 Orenstein, P., 224 Penner, L. A., 452, 469, 471 Predmore, S. C., 431 Nietzel, M. T., 587 Orive, R., 281 Pennington, N., 578, 584 Prentice, D. A., 96, 169 Nietzsche, F., 325 Ormiston, M., 294 Penrod, S., 371, 373, 581 Prentice-Dunn, S., 281, 312

N-10 Name Index Presson, P. K., 99 Renshon, J., 495–496 Ross, L., 64, 82, 84, 85, 106–107, Saitta, M., 170 Preston, E., 85 Ressler, R. K., 372 108, 109, 110, 118, 119, 199, Sakamoto, Y., 502 Price, G. H., 412 Revkin, A. C., 592 491, 517, 518 Saks, M. J., 572, 581, 586, 587 Priel, B., 428 Reynolds, J., 67 Sakurai, M. M., 213 Pritchard, I. L., 377 Rhine, R. J., 243 Ross, L. D., 309 Sales, S. M., 257, 320 Probst, T. M., 497 Rhodes, G., 334, 408 Ross, L. T., 102 Salganik, M., 289 Prohaska, M. L., 415 Rhodes, M. G., 335 Ross, M., 48, 64, 65, 70, 87, 91, Salmela-Aro, K., 53 Prohaska, T., 114–115 Rhodes, N., 250 Salovey, P., 101, 242, 447, Prohaska, V., 68 Rhodewalt, F., 73, 545 101, 321 Pronin, E., 64, 65, 109, 112, Rholes, W. S., 110, 133 Rossi, A. S., 170 534, 541 Rice, B., 63 Rossi, P. H., 170 Saltzstein, H. D., 215 220, 495 Rice, M. E., 465 Roszell, P., 406 Sampson, E. E., 493 Prosser, A., 467 Richard, F. D., 17 Rotenberg, K. J., 116 Sanbonmatsu, D. M., 67, 343 Prothrow-Stith, D., 516 Richards, Z., 344 Roth, J., 245 Sancton, T., 463 Provine, R., 195 Richardson, B. B., 173, 183 Rothbart, M., 83, 224, 334, 338, Sandberg, L., 215 Pruitt, D. G., 490, 515, 517, 518 Richardson, J. D., 82 Sande, G. N., 110 Pryke, S., 571 Richardson, L. F., 483 349 Sanders, G., 272, 296 Pryor, J. B., 102–103 Richeson, J. A., 331, 502, 503 Rothblum, E. D., 174 Sanderson, C. A., 431 Pryor, J. H., 173, 183, 230, Ridge, R., 116 Rothman, A. J., 541 Sanislow, C. A., III, 534 Ridley, M., 160 Rotter, J., 58 Sanitioso, R., 70 286, 470 Riek, B. M., 325 Rotton, J., 366, 367 Sanna, L. J., 97 Publilius Syrus, 135 Riess, M., 74 Rotundo, M., 103 Sansone, C., 149 Purvis, J. A., 430 Rietzschel, E. F., 296 Rousseau, J.-J., 356 Sapadin, L. A., 171 Putnam, R., 170, 379, 432, 433, Riggs, J. M., 73 Rowe, D., 29 Sapolsky, R., 551, 552 Ringelmann, M., 274 Rowe, D. C., 357 Sargent, J. D., 378 472, 478, 505, 521, 536 Riordan, C. A., 63, 420 Roy, M. M., 48 Sarnoff, I., 438 Pyszczynski, T., 71, 73, 330, 535 Risen, J. L., 338 Ruback, R. B., 60 Sarnoff, S., 438 Pyszczynski, T. A., 422 Rivera, L. M., 331 Rubel, T., 171 Sartre, J.-P., 3, 188, 549 Roach, M., 356 Ruben, C., 68 Sassenberg, K., 325 Q Robberson, M. R., 241 Rubin, A., 506 Sato, K., 487 Roberts, J., 96 Rubin, J. Z., 362, 490 Saucier, D. A., 82, 468 Qirko, H. N., 287 Robertson, I., 160 Rubin, L. B., 171 Savitsky, K., 36–37, 38, 65, Quanty, M. B., 386 Robins, L., 554 Rubin, R. B., 520 Quarts, S. R., 186 Robins, R. W., 67, 104 Rubin, Z., 421, 437 97, 461 Quinn, D., 345, 346 Robinson, J., 337 Ruble, D. N., 149 Sax, L. J., 169, 316 Robinson, M. D., 67, 357, 602 Ruby, R., 582 Scarr, S., 169 R Robinson, M. S., 535 Ruckelshaus, W. D., 591 Schachter, S., 216, 368, 422 Robinson, T. N., 388 Rudolph, K. D., 169 Schacter, D., 57 Raine, A., 357 Rochat, F., 207, 442 Rudolph, U., 450, 451 Schafer, R. B., 429 Rainey, D., 406 Rockeach, M., 333 Ruese, N. J., 97 Schaffner, P., 100 Rajagopal, P., 98 Rodin, J., 59–60, 462 Ruiter, R. A. C., 242 Schaffner, P. E., 401 Rajecki, D. W., 405 Rodriguez, M. S., 541 Ruiter, S., 472 Schaller, M., 457 Ramirez, A., 237 Roehling, M. V., 25, 308 Rule, B. G., 367 Scharrer, E., 374 Ramirez, J. M., 387 Roehling, P. V., 308 Rumpel, C. H., 562 Scheier, M. F., 110, 129, 538 Randall, P. K., 178, 409 Roese, N. J., 98 Rusbult, C. E., 412, 414, 418, Schein, E., 139 Randi, J., 559 Roese, N. L., 151 Scher, S. J., 73 Range, L. M., 528 Roethke, T., 50 436, 437 Schersching, C., 575 Rank, S. G., 203 Roger, L. H., 513 Rushton, J. P., 219, 357, 398, Schiavo, R. S., 271 Rapoport, A., 485 Rogers, C., 225, 431 Schiffenbauer, A., 271 Rapson, R., 423 Rogers, R., 241, 281 453, 465, 469 Schiffman, W., 221 Ratner, R. K., 289 Rogers, R. W., 241, 242, 312 Russell, B., 75, 403 Schimel, J., 56, 329, 415 Rawls, J., 493 Roggman, L. A., 408 Russell, G. W., 386 Schimmack, U., 42 Ray, D. G., 326 Rohrer, J. H., 193 Russell, N. J. C., 202 Schkade, D., 49, 50, 285, 585 Raymond, P., 103 Rohter, L., 592 Russo, J. E., 579 Schlenker, B. R., 71, 73, 75, 538 Read, S., 93 Rokeach, M., 414 Russo, N. F., 373 Schlesinger, A., Jr., 14, 158, Reagan, R., 505, 507, 521 Romer, D., 470 Rutland, A., 500 Reber, J., 116 Roney, J. R., 177 Ruvolo, A., 57 293, 521 Reed, D., 322 Rook, K. S., 538, 550, 553 Ryan, R., 599, 602 Schmader, T., 347 Reed, G., 133 Rooney, A., 418 Ryan, R. M., 60, 148, 150, 394 Schmid, R. E., 20 Regan, D. T., 129, 252 Rooth, D.-O., 313 Ryckman, R. M., 25 Schmidtke, A., 196 Regan, P. C., 419–420 Rose, A. J., 169 Rydell, R. J., 347 Schmitt, D., 176, 187 Regier, D., 554 Rose, T., 339 Ryff, C. D., 67, 549 Schmitt, D. P., 63, 173, 174, 428 Reicher, S., 133, 281, 467 Rosenbaum, M., 534 Schnall, S., 146 Reid, P., 379 Rosenbaum, M. E., 329, 413 S Schneider, M. E., 449 Reifler, J., 248 Rosenberg, L. A., 211 Schneider, P., 441 Reifman, A., 367 Rosenblatt, A., 415 Saad, L., 141, 307, 595 Schneider, T. R., 541 Reiner, W. G., 180 Rosenbloom, S., 74 Sabini, J., 208 Schoeneman, T. J., 41, 42 Reis, H. T., 402, 423, 430, 537 Rosenfeld, D., 149 Sacerdote, B., 501 Schoenrade, P. A., 456 Reisenzein, R., 368 Rosenhan, D. L., 447, 477, 528 Sachs, J. D., 593 Schofield, J. W., 501 Reitzes, D. C., 322 Rosenthal, D. A., 513 Sack, K., 327 Schooler, J. W., 58, 569 Remley, A., 521 Rosenthal, R., 113, 114, 115, 596 Sackett, A. M., 68 Schopenhauer, A., 526 Rempel, J. K., 427, 430 Rosenzweig, M. R., 138 Sacks, C. H., 535 Schor, J. B., 598, 603 Renaud, H., 529 Roseth, C. J., 510 Sacks, J., 72 Schroeder, D. A., 457 Renner, M., 354 Ross, D. F., 571 Sadat, A., 517 Schroeder, D. R., 475 Safer, M. A., 87 Schroeder, J. E., 405 Sagarin, B., 259 Schuh, E., 315 Sagarin, B. J., 68 Schuller, R. A., 309 Sageman, M., 288

Name Index N-11 Schulman, P., 59 Shergill, S. S., 486 Smith, H., 276 Stebbins, C. A., 450 Schulz, J. W., 517 Sherif, C. W., 194 Smith, H. J., 326 Steblay, N. M., 453, 569, Schulz-Hardt, S., 294 Sherif, M., 193, 194, 491–492, 508 Smith, H. W., 163 Schuman, H., 23, 251 Sherman, D., 349 Smith, M. B., 12 570, 576 Schuman, R., 434 Sherman, D. K., 44, 496 Smith, P., 220, 302 Steele, C., 151, 345, 346, 347 Schumann, E. L., 579 Sherman, J. W., 332, 337, 338 Smith, P. B., 4 Steele, C. M., 41, 151, 346 Schuster, A. M. H., 278 Sherman, S. J., 95 Smith, P. M., 329 Steen, T., 533 Schutte, J. W., 103 Sherman-Williams, B., 343 Smith, R. E., 576 Steffen, P. R., 470–471 Schutter, D. J. L. G., 358 Shermer, M., 509 Smith, R. H., 41 Stein, A. H., 477 Schwartz, B., 60 Shih, M., 347 Smith, S. L., 475 Stein, D. D., 333 Schwartz, M. F., 448 Shiller, R., 113 Smith, T. W., 337, 539, 547 Stein, S., 237 Schwartz, S. H., 171, 450, 464 Shipman, P., 158 Smith, V. L., 564, 577 Steinem, G., 374 Schwarz, N., 47, 100, 147, 324 Shook, N. J., 503 Smolowe, J., 575 Steinhauer, J., 394 Schweitzer, K., 101 Short, J. F., Jr., 364 Smoreda, Z., 169 Steinmetz, J., 107, 108 Schweitzer, M. E., 518 Shostak, M., 424 Snell, J., 400 Stelter, B., 280 Sciolino, E., 491 Shotland, R. L., 103, 450, 463 Snibbe, A. C., 551 Stelzl, M., 328 Scott, J., 251 Shovar, N., 75 Snodgrass, M. A., 537 Stephan, C. W., 574 Scott, J. P., 362 Showers, C., 68 Snow, C., 413 Stephan, W. G., 422, 500, Sears, D., 251, 252 Shrauger, J. S., 41, 68, 417 Snyder, C. R., 65, 223, 539 Sears, D. O., 83 Shriver, E. R., 335 Snyder, E. H., 471 504, 574 Sears, R., 325 Sicoly, F., 64, 70 Snyder, M., 25, 75, 97, 116, 129, Stephens, N., 220 Sechler, E. S., 85 Sidanius, J., 171, 172, 286, 320 Stern, L. B., 569 Secord, P. F., 318 Siegelman, J., 256, 257 188, 452, 473, 529 Sternberg, R. J., 354, 421, 426, 437 Sedikides, C., 63, 64, 70, 333 Sigall, H., 420 Snyder, R. L., 70 Stevens, N., 553 Segal, H. A., 139 Silk, J. B., 453 Solano, C. H., 430 Stewart-Williams, S., 452 Segal, M., 287 Silke, A., 281 Solberg, E. C., 361, 602 Stiles, W. B., 534 Segal, N. L., 452 Silver, M., 208, 327 Solomon, H., 473 Stillinger, C., 518 Segall, M., 174 Silver, N., 251 Solomon, L. Z., 473 Stinson, V., 572 Segerstrom, S., 542 Silver, R. C., 63 Solomon, S., 71, 329 Stiwne, D., 294 Segerstrom, S. C., 67, 544 Silverman, J., 394 Sommer, R., 163 Stix, G., 298 Seibt, B., 347 Silvia, P. J., 110, 213 Sommers, S. R., 574, 584 St. John, H., 605 Sejnowski, T. J., 186 Simmons, C. H., 341 Sommerville, J. A., 39 Stockdale, J. E., 163 Selby, J. W., 574 Simmons, W. W., 318 Sonne, J., 547 Stoen, G., 256 Seligman, M. E. P., 21, 59, 535, Simon, B., 299 Sontag, S., 382 Stokes, J., 537 Simon, H., 118 Sophocles, 239 Stoltenberg, C. D., 548 536, 542, 543 Simon, P., 23 Sparrell, J. A., 68 Stone, A. A., 47 Seneca, 71, 431, 550 Simonton, K., 303 Spears, R., 281 Stone, A. L., 101 Sengupta, 353 Simpson, J. A., 412, 425, 427, Spector, P. E., 301 Stone, J., 346 Sengupta, S., 353 Speer, A., 293 Stone, L., 435 Senter, M., 316 428, 436 Spence, A., 126 Stoner, J. A. F., 283 Senter, M. S., 311 Sinclair, S., 320 Spence, C., 466 Storms, M. D., 271 Sentis, K. P., 493 Singer, B., 549 Spencer, C., 220 Stouffer, S. A., 362, 500 Sentyrz, S. M., 281 Singer, J. E., 368, 422 Spencer, H., 239 Strack, F., 89, 194 Seta, C. E., 272 Singer, M., 257 Spencer, S., 345, 346 Strack, S., 534 Seta, J. J., 272 Singer, T., 170 Spencer, S. J., 330, 331 Straus, M. A., 363, 372 Severance, L. J., 243 Singh, D., 178, 409 Speth, J. G., 597 Straw, M. K., 463 Shackelford, T. K., 356 Singh, J. V., 302 Spiegel, H. W., 67 Streeter, S. A., 409 Shaffer, D., 196 Singh, P., 425 Spinoza, B., 418 Strenta, A., 336 Shaffer, D. R., 430 Singh, R., 413 Spisak, B. R., 172 Stroebe, W., 296, 404, 500, 537 Shah, A., 598 Sissons, M., 467 Spitz, H. H., 114 Stroessner, S. J., 332, 333 Shah, A. K., 94 Sittser, G. L., 98 Spitzberg, B. H., 538 Strong, S., 259 Shakespeare, W., 47, 83, 215, Sivacek, J. M., 490 Spivak, J., 276 Strong, S. R., 544, 547–548 Sivarajasingam, V., 359 Sporer, S. L., 334, 562 Stroud, J. N., 335 220, 287, 367 Six, B., 128 Sprecher, S., 403, 425, 431 Stroufe, B., 452 Shapiro, P. N., 328, 343, 505 Skaalvik, E. M., 21 Spruijt, N., 301 Stukas, A. A., 143 Sharan, S., 510 Skagerberg, E. M., 569 Srivastava, S., 116, 165 Sue, S., 576 Sharan, Y., 510 Skinner, B. F., 444–445 Stadler, S. J., 367 Suedfeld, P., 464 Shariff, A. F., 471 Skitka, L. J., 111, 325, 413, 450 Stahelski, A. J., 115 Sugimori, S., 299 Sharp, L. B., 310 Skowronski, J., 84 Stajkovic, A., 57 Sullivan, A., 386 Shaver, P., 330, 426, 430 Skurnik, L., 248 Stalder, D. R., 460 Suls, J., 41, 66, 69 Shaver, P. R., 427, 435 Slatcher, R. B., 432 Stambor, Z., 562 Summers, G., 342 Shaw, G. B., 288, 322 Slater, M., 200 Standing, L., 220 Sun, C., 370 Shaw, J. S., III, 568 Slavin, R. E., 509, 510, 511 Stangor, C., 168, 343, 503 Sundstrom, E., 302 Shaw, M., 268 Sloan, R. P., 342 Stanley, D., 127 Sunstein, C. R., 96, 284, 285, Shea, D. F., 24 Slotow, R., 383 Stanovich, K. E., 117 Sheatsley, P. B., 138, 311, 325 Slotter, E. B., 431 Stanton, E. C., 362 287, 294, 585 Sheehan, E. P., 405 Slovic, P., 14, 117, 476 Stapel, D. A., 41, 242 Surowiecki, J., 298 Sheeran, P., 128 Small, D. A., 66, 466 Staples, B., 313, 358 Sussman, N. M., 221 Sheese, B. E., 381 Small, M. F., 179 Stark, E., 241 Svenson, O., 65 Sheffield, F. D., 244 Smedley, J. W., 311 Stark, R., 257, 258 Swami, V., 307 Sheldon, K. M., 394, 602 Smelser, N. J., 287 Stasser, G., 288, 582, 586 Swann, W. B., Jr., 52, 56, 70, 91, Shell, R. M., 449 Smith, A., 67, 488 Statistics Canada, 173 Shelton, J. N., 502, 503 Smith, C. S., 321 Staub, E., 207, 326, 353, 363, 93, 118, 129, 326, 418, 431, Sheppard, B. H., 567 Smith, D. E., 202 437, 529 Shepperd, J. A., 41, 66, 73, 92, Smith, G., 19 383, 445, 457, 464, 476, Swap, W. C., 401 477–478, 494, 518 Sweeney, J., 275 277, 539 Sweeney, P. D., 533 Swets, J. A., 530

N-12 Name Index Swift, J., 86, 322 Thompson, L., 86, 515 Uleman, J., 104 W Swim, J. K., 169, 208, 312–313, Thompson, L. L., 329 Unger, R. K., 11, 444 Thompson, S. C., 99 United Nations, 181, 318 Wachtler, J., 300 316, 317, 336 Thompson, W. C., 447, 579, 587 Unkelbach, C., 314 Wagner, R. V., 361 Swindle, R., Jr., 536 Thomson, R., 169 USGS, 596 Wagstaff, G. F., 111 Symons, D., 174 Thoreau, H. D., 85 Ustinov, P., 397 Waite, L. J., 65 Synder, M. L., 73 Thorne, A., 539 Wald, M. L., 96 Szent-Györgyi, A., 270 Thornhill, R., 408 V Walinsky, A., 389 Szymanski, K., 277 Thornton, B., 411 Walker, I., 312 Tice, D. M., 74, 543 Väänä, A., 550 Walker, L. J., 469 T Tideman, S., 606 Vaillant, G., 86 Walker, M., 214 Tierney, J., 433, 488 Vaillant, G. E., 542 Walker, P. M., 334 Tafarodi, R. W., 41, 45 Timko, C., 60 Valcour, M., 60 Walker, R., 248 Tajfel, H., 10, 326, 327 Timmerman, T. A., 360 Valdesolo, P., 124 Wall, B., 409 Talbert, B., 69 Tindale, R. S., 586 Valentine, T., 562, 563, 569 Wallace, C. P., 182 Talbot, M., 197 Titus, L. J., 270 Vallacher, R. R., 398 Wallace, D. S., 128 Tamres, L. K., 169 Tobin, R. J., 494 Vallone, R., 82, 92 Wallace, M., 206 Tang, S.-H., 149 Tocqueville, A. de, 225, 361 Vanable, P. A., 539 Wallbom, M., 129, 282 Tangney, J. P., 58 Todorov, A., 104, 404 Van Baaren, R., 194 Waller, J., 137, 209, 216 Tanke, E. D., 116, 586, 587 Tofighbakhsh, J., 248 van Baaren, R. B., 413 Walster, E., 236, 402, 415, 417, 493 Tanke, T. J., 586, 587 Tolstoy, L., 109, 138, 407, 412 Van Boven, L., 69, 603 Walster, G. W., 419, 428, 493 Tannen, D., 169 Tomasello, M., 456 Vandello, J. A., 42, 364 Walster, L. J., 405 Tanner, R. J., 196 Tomorrow, T., 230 Van den Bos, K., 301 Walters, R. H., 363 Tapp, J. L., 587 Tompson, T., 311 van der Eijnden, R. J. J. M., 71 Walther, W., 74 Tarmann, A., 337 Tong, E. M. W., 219 VanderLaan, B. F., 531 Walum, H., 426, 428 Taubes, G., 369, 389 Tormala, Z. L., 236, 260 Van der Plight, J., 23 Wang, A., 418 Tavris, C., 141–142, 386 Totterdell, P., 194 Vanderslice, V. J., 301 Wang, C. X., 258 Tayeb, M., 302 Towles-Schwen, T., 126 Van Dijk, W. W., 49 Wang, T., 215 Taylor, D. A., 430 Townsend, E., 126 Van Honk, J., 358 Wangchuck, Jigme Singye, 606 Taylor, D. M., 71 Towson, S. M. J., 574 Van Knippenberg, D., 237 Ward, A., 491, 517 Taylor, K. M., 41, 277 Trail, T. E., 501 Van Laar, C., 503 Ward, C., 339 Taylor, L. D., 411 Trampe, D., 411 Van Lange, P. A. M., 520 Ward, W. C., 98 Taylor, M., 224 Traub, J., 231 Vanman, E. J., 331 Warneken, F., 456 Taylor, S., 70, 169, 534 Traut-Mattausch, E., 85 Van Vugt, M., 172, 444, Warnick, D., 296 Taylor, S. E., 66, 67, 70, Trautwein, U., 21 Warr, P., 549 Travis, L. E., 269 491, 492 Warren, N. C., 413 101, 138, 333, 335, 533, Trawalter, S., 314, 331 Van Yperen, N. W., 429 Wason, P. C., 93 534, 550 Trewin, D., 374 Vargas, R. A., 216 Watkins, D., 169 Taylor, S. P., 358 Triandis, H. C., 42, 45, 125, 163, Vasquez, E. A., 360 Watkins, E. R., 535 Technical Working Vaughan, K. B., 147 Watson, D., 110 Group, 567 363, 425, 434, 513 Vazire, S., 48 Watson, R., 281 Tedeschi, J. T., 141 Trimble, D. E., 471 Vega, V., 372 Watt, S. E., 394 Teger, A. I., 487 Triplett, N., 269 Veitch, R., 366–367 Wearing, A., 65 Teigen, Karl, 15 Trivers, R., 453 Ventis, W. L., 321 Weary, G., 74, 100 Teigen, K. H., 64, 98 Trolier, T. K., 98 Ventrone, N. A., 172 Weaver, J. B., III, 377 Telch, M. J., 262 Tropp, L. R., 312, 499–500 Verkuyten, M., 326 Webb, T. L., 128 Tellegen, A., 398 Trost, M. R., 299, 425 Verplanken, B., 233 Weber, A. L., 431 Temple, W., 254–255 Trzesniewski, K. H., 53, 55 Verrilli, D. B., Jr., 258 Weber, B., 277 Tennen, H., 543–544 Tsang, J.-A., 209 Vescio, T., 319 Weber, N., 569 Tenney, E. R., 563 Tuan, Y.-F., 281 Veysey, B., 286 Webster, C. D., 573 Tennov, D., 447 Tubb, V. A., 571 Vidmar, N., 567, 581, 587 Webster, D. M., 299 Teob, J. B. P., 413 Tumin, M. M., 325 Viken, R. J., 98 Webster, P., 421 Terenzini, P. T., 285 Turner, C. W., 375 Vinokur, A., 288 Weeks, J. L., 457 Teresa, Mother, 476 Turner, J. C., 10, 243, 268, 325, Vinsel, A. M., 163 Wegener, D., 244 Terracciano, A., 166 Virgil, 59, 235, 406 Wegener, D. T., 245 Tesch, F., 41 326, 327 Virtanen, S., 334 Wegner, D. M., 330, 539 Tesser, A., 51, 52, 133, 288, 327 Turner, M. E., 73, 292, 294, Visher, C. A., 561, 572 Wehr, P., 518 Test, M. A., 465 Visintainer, M. A., 542 Weigold, M. F., 73 Testa, M., 358 449, 512 Visser, P. S., 252, 264 Weiner, B., 102, 111, 361, 450 Tetlock, P. E., 93, 127, 133, Turner, N., 302 Vitelli, R., 27 Weinstein, N., 66 295, 450, 497, 498, 518 Turner, R. N., 500 Vivan, J. E., 328 Weiss, H. M., 236 t’Hart, P., 294 Turtle, J. W., 571 Vohs, K. D., 58, 61, 74, 174, Weiss, J., 47 Thatcher, M., 362, 521 Tutu, D., 225 Weizel, C., 61, 184 Theiss, A. J., 114–115 Tversky, A., 91, 95, 99, 100, 416, 471 Wells, G. L., 147–148, 378, Thelen, M. H., 415 Vollrath, D. A., 586 Theroux, P., 87 118, 297, 519 Von—Arnim, E., 117 561–562, 562, 563, 567, 568, Thibodeau, R., 324 Twain, M., 418, 425, 525 Von Hippel, W., 82, 313, 569, 570, 571, 572, 580 Thomas, G. C., 271, 479 Twenge, J. M., 43, 55, 67, 187, Welzel, C., 160 Thomas, K. W., 496 330–331 Wener, R., 60 Thomas, L., 177, 353 394, 395 Vonnegut, K., 595 Wenzlaff, R. M., 415 Thomas, M. H., 378 Tyler, T. R., 326, 476 Vonofakou, C., 504 Werner, C., 244 Thomas, S. L., 377 Tzeng, M., 435 Vorauer, J. D., 289, 336, 502 Werner, C. M., 582 Thomas, W. N., 571 Voss, A., 315 West, R. F., 117 Thomas à Kempis, 304 U Vu, C., 41 West, S. G., 325, 452 Thompson, J., 565 Vukovic, J., 177 Weyant, J. M., 475 Uchino, B. N., 550 Vul, E., 298 Ugwuegbu, C. E., 574

Whatley, M. A., 449 Williams, M. J., 339 Woodberry, R. D., 321 Name Index N-13 Wheeler, L., 41, 405 Williams, R. L., 149 Woods, T., 311 Whitchurch, E., 65 Williams, T. M., 376 Woodward, M., 303 Yuille, J. C., 563 White, G. L., 404, 423 Williamson, G. M., 446 Woodward, W., 303 Yukl, G., 515 White, J. W., 173 Willis, F. N., 202 Woodzicka, J., 48 Yzerbyt, V. Y., 416 White, K., 45 Willis, J., 104 Wootton-Millward, L., 334 White, L., 425 Wilson, A., 63 Worchel, P., 361 Z White, M., 354 Wilson, B., 328 Worchel, S., 271, 277, 509 White, M. J., 470 Wilson, D. K., 541 Word, C., 344 Zadro, L., 395 White, P., 577 Wilson, D. S., 453 Workman, E. A., 149 Zagefka, H., 603 White, R., 494 Wilson, D. W., 467 World Bank, 172 Zajonc, R. B., 269, 272, 273, 288, White, R. K., 496, 498 Wilson, E. O., 51, 452, 453, 609 Worringham, C. J., 272 Whitehead, A. N., 16, 128 Wilson, G., 177 Wotman, S. R., 436 383, 399, 401, 498 Whitley, B. E., Jr., 561 Wilson, J. P., 470 Wraga, M., 347 Zakaria, F., 355 Whitman, D., 72, 311 Wilson, R. S., 357 Wright, D., 335 Zanna, M., 316, 344 Whitman, R. M., 529 Wilson, S. J., 388 Wright, D. B., 335, 569, 579 Zanna, M. P., 75, 169, 243, 362, Whitman, W., 127, 396 Wilson, T., 50 Wright, E. F., 296 Whittaker, J., 220 Wilson, T. D., 47, 48–49, 50, 603 Wright, R., 176, 287, 386, 574 Whittaker, W., 72 Wilson, W. R., 401 Zanni, G., 569 Whooley, M. A., 543 Winch, R. F., 415 359, 496 Zaragoza, M. S., 564 Wicker, A., 124, 125 Windschitl, P. D., 66, 70 Wright, R. A., 277 Zauberman, G., 92 Wicklund, R., 110 Wines, M., 96 Wright, S. C., 503 Zavalloni, M., 284 Wicklund, R. A., 447 Winquist, J., 535 Wrightsman, L., 581 Zebrowitz, L. A., 412 Widom, C. S., 363 Winquist, J. R., 286 Wrightsman, L. S., 577 Zebrowitz-McArthur, L., Wiebe, D. J., 369 Winseman, A. L., 471 Wrosch, C., 67 Wiegman, O., 235 Winter, F. W., 401 Wurf, P., 39 111, 573 Wiesel, E., 441 Winter, R. J., 580 Wylie, R. C., 65 Zeelenberg, M., 98 Wieselquist, J., 429 Wiseman, R., 573 Zeisel, H., 572, 581, 582, Wigboldus, D. H. J., 314 Wisman, A., 394 Y Wike, R., 307 Wispe, L. G., 467 584, 586 Wilde, O., 300 Wittenberg, M. T., 537 Yamaguchi, S., 64 Zhang, Y. F., 596 Wilder, D. A., 211, 237, 328, Wittenbrink, B., 310 Yang, S., 67 Zhong, C.-B., 395, 474, 513, 537 Wixon, D. R., 86 Yarmey, A. D., 567, 571 Zhou, X., 537 333, 343, 505 Wodehouse, P. G., 447 Ybarra, O., 56 Zick, A., 308, 320–321 Wildschut, T., 492 Wohl, M. J. A., 99 Yee, N., 238 Zickafoose, D. J., 562 Wilford, J. N., 179 Wojciszke, B., 420 Yelsma, P., 425 Zigler, E., 363 Wilke, H., 237 Wolak, J., 370 Yildiz, A. A., 326 Zill, N., 363, 379 Wilkes, J., 355 Wolf, S., 300, 576 Yinon, Y., 383 Zillman, D., 377 Wilkinson, G. S., 453 Wolfe, C., 52 York, R. M., 580 Zillmann, D., 270, 368, 377, 411 Wilkinson, R. G., 552 Wolfensohn, J., 361 Young, A. S., 41 Zillmer, E. A., 208 Wilkowski, B. M., 357 Women on Words and Young, J. E., 537 Zimbardo, P. G., 132, 133, 258, Willard, G., 71 Young, L., 426 Williams, D. K., 244 Images, 323 Young, M. P., 426 279, 281, 495, 539 Williams, E., 66 Wong, J. S., 509 Young, R. D., 539 Zimmer, C., 39, 453 Williams, J. E., 167, 171, Wong, T. J., 333 Yousif, Y., 464 Ziskin, J., 530 Wood, J. V., 70 Yousif, Y. H., 453 Zitek, E. M., 322 316, 541 Wood, L. A., 166 Yovetich, N. A., 437 Zola-Morgan, S., 401 Williams, K., 54, 274 Wood, W., 128, 173, 186, 187, Yuchtman, E., 361 Zucker, G. S., 111 Williams, K. D., 275, 276, 277, Zuckerman, E. W., 53 236, 250, 553 Zuwerink, J. R., 331 394–395, 395, 396, 492



Subject Index/Glossary A attachment, 426–428 fundamental attribution error, attention, and persuasion, 258 105–112, 487, 494 Abu Ghraib. See Iraq war attitude: A favorable or unfavorable accentuation effect, 285 and helping, 450–451, 478–479 acceptance: Conformity that involves both evaluative reaction toward something or misattribution, 102–103 someone (often rooted in one’s beliefs, and prejudice, 339–342 acting and believing in accord with and exhibited in one’s feelings and and social dilemmas, 487 social pressure, 192. See also conformity intended behavior), 8, 123–152 spontaneous trait transference, 84, actor-observer difference: We observe oth- ers from a different perspective than we and change, 152 104, 108 observe ourselves; in some experiments and cognitive dissonance, 141–145, and therapy, 546–547 this has led to differing explanations for audience, 250–253, 257 behavior, 108 150–151 authoritarian personality: A personality adaptation-level phenomenon: The ten- and conformity, 192, 206–207, 256 that is disposed to favor obedience to dency to adapt to a given level of stimu- dual attitudes, 51, 125–126, 310 authority and intolerance of outgroups lation and thus to notice and react to and moral hypocrisy, 124–125 and those lower in status, 320–321 changes from that level, 602–603 and persuasion, 233 autokinetic phenomenon: Self (auto) addiction, 424 potency, 128–129 motion (kinetic). The apparent move- advertising. See persuasion and self-perception, 145–150, 151 ment of a stationary point of light in the affective forecasts, 48–50 and self-presentation, 140–141 dark, 193 age differences, 251–252, 308 and social influence, 125–127 automatic processing: “Implicit” thinking aggression: Physical or verbal behavior and theory of planned behavior, that is effortless, habitual, and without intended to hurt someone. In laboratory awareness, roughly corresponding to experiments, this might mean deliver- 127–128 “intuition.” 89, 127 ing electric shocks or saying something See also attitudes-follow-behavior availability heuristic: A cognitive rule likely to hurt another’s feelings, 353–390 that judges the likelihood of things in principle; prejudice terms of their availability in memory. and arousal, 368, 377, 380 attitude alignment, 414 If instances of something come readily and aversive incidents, 365–368 attitude inoculation: Exposing people to to mind, we presume it to be common- biological theories, 356–359 place, 95–97 cues for, 368–370, 388 weak attacks upon their attitudes so that aversive incidents, 365–368 definitions, 355 when stronger attacks come they will extent of, 353–354 have refutations available, 260–264 B frustration-aggression theory, attitudes-follow-behavior principle, 8, 131–140 bad vs. good events, 416 359–362 bandwagon effect, 289 and gender, 173, 180 and cognitive dissonance, 151 bargaining: Seeking an agreement to a and group influence, 382–385 and conformity, 192, 256 and pornography, 370–374 and foot-in-the-door phenomenon, conflict through direct negotiation reducing, 385–390 between parties, 514–515 social learning theory, 362–365, 134–136, 256 Bay of Pigs invasion, 291 and happiness, 555 behavioral confirmation: A type of self- 387–388 and helping, 478 fulfilling prophecy whereby people’s and television violence, 25–26, and morality, 136–138 social expectations lead them to behave and peacemaking, 499 in ways that cause others to confirm 374–379, 388 and persuasion, 256 their expectations, 116–117 and video games, 379–382 and roles, 132–133 behavioral medicine: An interdisciplinary alcohol use, 223, 358 and social movements, 138–139 field that integrates and applies behav- altruism: A motive to increase another’s and spoken support, 133–134 ioral and medical knowledge about welfare without conscious regard for and treatment, 544–545 health and disease, 540. See also health one’s self-interests, 443, 454–459, 490– attraction, 396–420, 415–418 psychology 491. See also helping and implicit egotism, 400 behavior problems, 532–544 American Society of Trial Consultants, 581 mutual, 415–418, 420 androgynous: From andro (man) ϩ gyn and proximity, 397–402, 420 depression, 70, 532–536, 541–542 (woman)—thus mixing both masculine reward theory, 418–420 loneliness, 430, 536–538 and feminine characteristics, 181 and similarity, 412–415, 420 shyness, 538–540 anger, 361. See also aggression; emotions See also physical attractiveness treatment for, 544–548 anonymity, 279–281 attractiveness: Having qualities that behavior therapy, 544–545 anticipation, 398–399 appeal to an audience. An appealing belief perseverance: Persistence of one’s anxiety, 71, 538–540 communicator (often someone similar initial conceptions, as when the basis for anxious-ambivalent attachment, 428 to the audience) is most persuasive one’s belief is discredited but an expla- arbitration: Resolution of a conflict by a on matters of subjective prefer- nation of why the belief might be true neutral third party who studies both ence, 236–238, 239. See also physical survives, 84–85 sides and imposes a settlement, 514, attractiveness benevolent sexism: A seemingly favorable 518–519 attribution theory: The theory of how attitude that puts women on a pedestal arousal people explain others’ behavior—for but sometimes conveys an assumption and aggression, 368, 377, 380 example, by attributing it either to that women need men’s protection, 316 and cognitive dissonance, 150–151 internal dispositions (enduring traits, Benzien, Jeffrey, 206 and group influence, 269–273, 278 motives, and attitudes) or to external and love, 422–423 situations, 102–112 assertiveness training, 544 and attraction, 417 commonsense attributions, 104–105 and conflict, 496 and depression, 533 S-1

S-2 Subject Index/Glossary bias. See hindsight bias; prejudice; self- cognitive processing and group size, 211 serving bias categorization, 332–335 and groupthink, 292 and depression, 532–536 Milgram’s obedience experiments, bio-psycho-social: The interplay of biologi- and intuition, 89–90 cal, psychological, and social influences, 9 and loneliness, 536–538 199–201, 205, 219 need for cognition, 252 normative vs. informational influ- blindsight: Visual detection and response and persuasion, 232–234 to the environment but, because of brain and priming, 81 ence, 216–217, 288–289 damage, without any conscious percep- and self-serving bias, 69–70 and norms, 207–208 tion, 89–90 shyness, 538–540 and personality, 218–220 and prejudice, 322 Bobo doll experiments, 363, 376, 377 cohesiveness: A “we feeling”; the extent and prior commitment, 214–215 brain to which members of a group are bound and public response, 214 together, such as by attraction for one real-life examples, 205–206 and aggression, 357 another, 213 resistance to, 222–226 and attitudes, 127 and roles, 220–222 and individualism/collectivism, collectivism: Giving priority to the goals of Sharif’s norm formation experiments, one’s groups (often one’s extended fam- 43–44 ily or work group) and defining one’s 193–197 and intuition, 90 identity accordingly and status, 213–214 and love, 423 and communitarianism, 521–522 and unanimity, 211–213 and ostracism, 395, 396 and conformity, 225 variations in, 201–205 and prejudice, 315 defined, 42 consensus: In attribution theory, the extent and self-control, 57 and group influence, 277 to which others act similarly to the per- brainstorming, 296, 297 and self-concept, 42–47 son whose behavior is being explained, brainwashing, 139 See also culture 105. See also false consensus effect burnout, 458 consistency: In attribution theory, the bystander effect: The finding that a person communication extent to which someone acts similarly is less likely to provide help when there channels of, 246–250 on different occasions, 105, 299–300 are other bystanders, 462–463 and conformity, 222 consumption, 596–598 bystander inaction, 459–464 and gender, 172–173 contact. See proximity and peacemaking, 514–519 control condition: The condition of an C and persuasion, 234–239, 257 experiment that contrasts with the and relationships, 437 experimental condition and serves as a Calley, William, 205 and social dilemmas, 490, 491 comparison for evaluating the effect of camera perspective bias, 109 two-step flow of, 249–250 the treatment, 26, 27 capital punishment, 582–583 controlled processing: “Explicit” thinking categorization, 332–335 communitarianism, 225–226, 521–522 that is deliberate, reflective, and con- catharsis: Emotional release. The catharsis companionate love: The affection we scious, 89, 127 cooperation, 504–511, 513–514 view of aggression is that aggressive feel for those with whom our lives are and common external threats, drive is reduced when one “releases” deeply intertwined, 424–425, 431, 438 aggressive energy, either by acting competition, 491–493 504–508 aggressively or by fantasizing aggres- complementarity: The popularly supposed cooperative learning, 509–511 sion, 374–375, 385–387 tendency, in a relationship between two and social identity, 506–507, 513–514 central route to persuasion: Occurs when people, for each to complete what is and superordinate goals, 508–509 interested people focus on the argu- missing in the other, 415 copycat suicide, 196 ments and respond with favorable compliance: Conformity that involves pub- correlational research: The study of the thoughts, 232, 233, 234, 239, 252, 288, 548 licly acting in accord with an implied naturally occurring relationships among chameleon effect, 194 or explicit request while privately dis- variables, 18–24 channel of communication: The way the agreeing, 192, 256. See also conformity correlation/causation relationships, message is delivered—whether face- comprehension, 250 to-face, in writing, on film, or in some concepts, 12 19–22 other way, 246–250 conciliation, 519–520 vs. experimental research, 26, 30 choice, 60–61 confederate: An accomplice of the experi- survey research, 21–24 Cinderella, 3 menter, 164 correlation coefficient, 21 class. See socioeconomic status confiding, 550–551 counseling. See therapy climate, 366–367 confirmation bias: A tendency to search counterfactual thinking: Imagining alter- clinical psychology: The study, assess- for information that confirms one’s pre- native scenarios and outcomes that ment, and treatment of people with conceptions, 93–94 might have happened, but didn’t, 97–98 psychological difficulties conflict: A perceived incompatibility of credibility: Believability. A credible com- actions or goals, 483–499 municator is perceived as both expert judgment accuracy, 526–532 and trustworthy, 235, 237, 243, 257 therapy, 259, 544–548 and climate change, 593 crowding, 270–271 See also behavior problems; health and competition, 491–493 cult (also called new religious move- co-actors: Co-participants working individ- and misperception, 493–499, 515–518 ment): A group typically characterized ually on a noncompetitive activity, 269 and perceived injustice, 493 by (1) distinctive ritual and beliefs coercive therapy, 547 and social dilemmas, 484–491 related to its devotion to a god or a cognitive dissonance: Tension that arises See also peacemaking person, (2) isolation from the surround- when one is simultaneously aware conformity: A change in behavior or belief ing “evil” culture, and (3) a charismatic of two inconsistent cognitions. For as the result of real or imagined group leader. (A sect, by contrast, is a spinoff example, dissonance may occur when pressure, 191–226 from a major religion), 254–259 we realize that we have, with little justi- Asch’s group pressure experiments, cultural psychology, 46 fication, acted contrary to our attitudes culture: The enduring behaviors, ideas, or made a decision favoring one alterna- 197–198 attitudes, and traditions shared by a tive despite reasons favoring another, and attitudes, 192, 206–207, 256 large group of people and transmitted 141–145, 150–151 and cohesiveness, 213 from one generation to the next, 160–168 cognitive errors. See expectations; and culture, 220, 221, 225 and aggression, 364–365 fundamental attribution error; social defined, 192 and attraction, 414 judgment; social perception and evil, 208–209 and experimental methods, 209–210

Subject Index/Glossary S-3 and conformity, 220, 221, 225 disinhibition, 377 and arousal, 368 defined, 11, 160 dismissive attachment: An avoidant and eyewitness testimony, 563–564 and depression, 536 and gender, 171 diversity in, 160–162 relationship style marked by distrust of and illness, 541–542 and divorce, 434–435 others, 428 illusion of transparency, 36–37, 461, and evolutionary psychology, displacement: The redirection of aggres- sion to a target other than the source of 502 178–179 the frustration. Generally, the new tar- and intuition, 89 and fundamental attribution error, get is a safer or more socially acceptable and memory, 87 target, 360 and mere-exposure effect, 401 110–111 dispositional attribution: Attributing and national well-being, 607 and gender, 181–185 behavior to the person’s disposition and and perceived self-control, 56–57 and guilt, 446 traits, 104 and persuasion, 239–242 importance of, 160, 161 dissonance theory. See cognitive and preconceptions, 83 and love, 423 dissonance predicting, 48–50 and norms, 162–164, 165 distinctiveness: In attribution theory, the and priming, 81 and perceived injustice, 493 specificity of the person’s behavior to a and self-perception, 146–148 and physical attractiveness, 407–408 particular situation, 105, 335–339 two-factor theory, 422–423 and self-concept, 41–47 distraction, 252, 272 See also moods and self-esteem, 45 diversity, 157–158, 414. See also culture; empathy: The vicarious experience of and similarity, 165–167 prejudice another’s feelings; putting oneself in and social identity, 513–514 divorce, 434–435, 537 another’s shoes, 170, 455–459, 517, 518 and social influence, 8 domain satisfaction, 608 equal-status contact: Contact on an equal and stereotypes, 309 door-in-the-face technique: A strategy for basis. Just as a relationship between and values, 10, 12 gaining a concession. After someone people of unequal status breeds atti- first turns down a large request (the tudes consistent with their relationship, D door-in-the-face), the same requester so do relationships between those of counteroffers with a more reasonable equal status. Thus, to reduce prejudice, death, 329–330 request, 474–475 interracial contact should be between death penalty, 582–583 downward comparison, 605–606 persons equal in status, 504 debriefing: In social psychology, the dual attitudes: Differing implicit (auto- equity: A condition in which the outcomes matic) and explicit (consciously con- people receive from a relationship are postexperimental explanation of a trolled) attitudes toward the same proportional to what they contribute study to its participants. Debriefing object. Verbalized explicit attitudes may to it. Note: Equitable outcomes needn’t usually discloses any deception and change with education and persua- always be equal outcomes often queries participants regarding sion; implicit attitudes change slowly, and attraction, 428–430 their understandings and feelings, with practice that forms new habits, 51, and justice, 493 28, 464 125–126, 310 and prejudice, 319–320 deception: In research, an effect by which dual processing, 6, 127, 233 ethics, 27–28, 198, 200–201, 464, 530 participants are misinformed or misled ethnocentric: Believing in the superiority about the study’s methods and pur- E of one’s own ethnic and cultural group, poses, 27–28 and having a corresponding disdain for decision-making, 143–145, 214–215, 240 egoism: A motive (supposedly underly- all other groups, 320 defensive pessimism: The adaptive value ing all behavior) to increase one’s own evaluation apprehension: Concern for of anticipating problems and harness- welfare. The opposite of altruism, which how others are evaluating us, 272, 275 ing one’s anxiety to motivate effective aims to increase another’s welfare, 445, evil, 208–209 action, 68 452, 458 evil leader–good people perception, deindividuation: Loss of self-awareness and 496–497 evaluation apprehension; occurs in group Eichmann, Adolf, 202, 204 evolutionary psychology: The study of the situations that foster responsiveness to elections evolution of cognition and behavior using group norms, good or bad, 278–282 principles of natural selection, 8, 159–160 demand characteristics: Cues in an and attitudes, 129 on aggression, 356 experiment that tell the participant what and categorization, 333–334 on gender, 175–180 behavior is expected, 28 and fundamental attribution error, on helping, 452–454 democratic leadership, 301–302 on physical attractiveness, 408–409, dependent variable: The variable being 109 measured, so called because it may and group influence, 298 410 depend on manipulations of the inde- and legal issues, 581 and religion, 179 pendent variable, 26 and mere-exposure effect, 401–402 exclusion, 394–396, 537 depression, 70, 532–536, 541–542 and mirror-image perceptions, 496 exercise, 555 depressive realism: The tendency of and persuasion, 239–240, 245, 246, expectations, 112–117 mildly depressed people to make accu- experimental realism: Degree to which rate rather than self-serving judgments, 247, 248, 251 an experiment absorbs and involves its attributions, and predictions, 533 and physical attractiveness, 404 participants, 27, 198 desegregation, 499, 500–501, 509–511, 512 and preconceptions, 82 experimental research: Studies that seek desensitization, 378 and proximity, 398 clues to cause-effect relationships by detachment, 435–437 and self-knowledge, 48 manipulating one or more factors diagnosis. See clinical psychology and social identity, 513 (independent variables) while control- disclosure reciprocity: The tendency for and survey research, 22–23 ling others (holding them constant), one person’s intimacy of self-disclosure and terror management, 330 19, 24–28, 30, 570–571. See also specific to match that of a conversational part- elevation: A feeling of warmth and expan- research topics ner, 430 sion that may provoke chills, tears, and experimenter bias: The tendency of discrepancy, 242–243 throat clenching. Such elevation often research participants to live up to what discrimination: Unjustified negative inspires people to become more self- they believe experimenters expect of behavior toward a group or its mem- giving, 465 them, 113 bers, 309, 317–318. See also prejudice emotions expertise, 89, 235–236 and adaptation-level phenomenon, 603