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(From Inside Back Cover) by officials from the national and regional offices of the Department of Tourism. In October 15, 2012 he completed the manuscript of the First Edition of Com- pendium in Tourism that came out of press sometime in November of the same year. While waiting for the book to come out of press he wrote the concept of Project TREASURE which is now a part of this Second Edition. Project TREASURE-Tourism Reinvented for Eco-Agri Stimulus of the Unproductive to Rejuvenate Econo- my has two component programs: the “Continuing Tourism Awareness-Key to Institutionalization Culture of Tourism” and “Long Term Rehabilitation and Poverty Alleviation of the Impoverished Victims of Disasters”. The project was designed in preparation for the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Integration MRA-Mutual Recognition Agreements for Tourism and Tourism Professionals, and of- fered to national government agencies, local government units, academic institutions and non-government organizations for adoption. The author was borne in Bgy. Quinayangan Diotay, Balud, Masbate to spouses Maximino A. Zurbito, Sr. of Milagros, Masbate and Adelina Valenzuela Pancho of Bgy. Punta Carles, Carles, Iloilo. He is married to Josephine Ciudad de Angel of Estancia, Iloilo with whom he has 3 children Joseph Maximilian, Karen Mae and Mark Joseph born in California, USA. Published by: Cover Photo Sunset in Boracay Island, Philippines

About the AUTHOR (From Inside Front Cover) this author was the first Asian to receive the International Tourism Scholarship. The Maximino P. Zurbito, Jr. award was a traveling scholarship that brought the author to 27 cities of 16 countries in Recipient: Asia and Europe including among others Hongkong, Singapore, Thailand, Italy, Greece, 2007 DOT-WV TOURISM EXCELLENCE AWARD Israel, Netherlands, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Hungary, Sweden, Den- mark, France and Korea where he conducted observations and studies on the opera- WATA-World Association of Travel Agencies-Geneva, Switzerland1980 tions of the tourism service systems of the host WATA members/service providers. International Tourism Scholarship Grant While at House of Travel he regularly attended Tourism related trainings, promotion, International Congresses and Conventions hosted by these associations/organizations Tourism was first encountered by this author when at the age of 17, he was held in tourism capitals of countries in Asia and Europe, particularly the ATF-ASEAN chosen one of the awardees of the 1971 Insular Life YOUTH AWARD being One of TEN Tourism Forum, ITB-Berlin, KOTFA-Korea Travel Fair, ASTA World Conventions. OUTSTANDING YOUTHS of the Philippines in social action works. As part of the incen- tives, awardees were afforded with a free guided sightseeing of Manila in what the tour In 1985 he joined the office of the late Assemblyman Jolly Fernandez of Masba- guide said was the Manila and Suburbs Tour during that time. The tour-guide explained te, Batasang Pambansa, and in 1986 he was the first among the many who volunteered that the country’s tourism is the top most priority in the development agenda by then to serve the PCGG-Philippine Commission on Good Government but left the post after President Ferdinand E. Marcos, Sr., and encouraged all the awardees that he addressed three months due to principles. In 1987 he accepted the offer from Abdullah Fouad the as guests to consider exploring the possibility of becoming a part in the future. Neatly Saudi Arabia-based travel agency as Tour Manager and served as such for six months clad in Barong Tagalog, and speaking through the megaphone the guide flawlessly de- then returned to the Philippines and joined Celebrity Travel and Tours as Assistant Gen- livered his commentaries with complete authority on the landmarks along the tour eral Manager in charge of the inbound /local tours and overseas offices’ operations. route, particularly the monuments of the country’s heroes and their achievements. Re- While with Celebrity Travel and Tours, he was responsible in tour product development cited the brief Philippine history he proudly claimed having evolved around the persons and the opening of branch offices in Bangkok, Thailand; Amsterdam, the Netherlands of only two Ferdinands (Magellan and Marcos) at that time. The tour guide’s encourage- and London and personally interviewed and hired the qualified staff and personnel while ment in fact served as the impetus for the author to dream of being a part of the tour- conducted their trainings on-the-job. He was also designated the official representative ism industry, thus, when he applied for employment he had chosen to work with House of the company to all industry organizations/associations that it is a member and active- of Travel, a travel agency with active Inbound/Local tours operation with which he ly participated in all promotional campaigns, trade exhibits, international congresses started in the lowest position as messenger/clerk in 1972, rather than the higher post in and conventions, particularly the ASEAN Tourism Forum, ITB Berlin, KoTFa-Korea Travel office works with companies that favorably considered his application for employment. Fair and WTM-World Travel Mart, London. It was also during this period that he was With only few months, the management transferred him to the inbound/local tours de- invited to teach at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines major subjects in tourism partment with a position of Tour Coordinator and Reservation Staff. During that period related to Travel Agency and Tours operation and management. (1972) the Inbound/Local Tours Department was already a host to tourist groups and individuals from Australia, USA, Europe and Orient Asia. In 1973 he obtained his License In 1990, he joined his wife in the United States where he stayed until 1994 and re- in Tour Guiding from the Department of Tourism while in the same year he was pro- turned for good in the Philippines. Together with long-time friends and associates he moted to Supervisor Inbound/Local Tours and had under his direct supervision in-house organized a consulting company Pro-AID-Professional Advocates and Innovators for and independent tour guides and driver-guides. With this position he was delegated the Development in 2002, where he held the position of Chief Operating Officer, offering its task to prepare the company’s brochures on Philippine Tour Packages incorporating all services in socio-economic development planning for local governments. It also assisted destinations in the country from Batanes to Zamboanga together with the correspond- clients in Boracay Islands, where he organized the Boracay Association of Resorts, Res- ing Tour Tariff. In addition with his functions the management designated him as the taurants and Independent Allies (BARRIA), a group of local owners and managers of company’s permanent representative to various industry associations/organization with small to medium size resort, restaurant and other tourism and hospitality service provid- which it is a member, and thus had joined various familiarization trips and sales mis- ers and served the association as Executive Director and Spokesperson. Through the sions hosted by airline companies, the Department of Tourism and other Service Provid- same association, the author drafted the Aklan Provincial Tourism Ordinance which ma- ers. jor provision is the preservation of the island’s tourism resources for safety and security During his stint with House of Travel, Inc., he pursued his college studies in law of tourists that provides for the single entry/exit of visitors and tourists, paving the way at Philippine Law School in 1978 taking night classes and graduated with the degree of to clean up the beach line the declared swimming zone, free and cleared of any sea Bachelor in Law, Ll.B., in 1982. In 1979 he was named the official representative of the crafts and boats berthing and or at anchor within the 500 meter area parallel the beach company to the World Association of Travel Agencies and ASTA-American Society of line. With the ordinance ultimately enforced and implemented, BARRIA was awarded by Travel Agencies. In the same year , (To Inside Back Cover Page) the Department of Tourism Western Visayas with the Best NGO during the 2007 West- he was nominated to compete for the 1980 WATA International Tourism Scholarship ern Visayas Regional Tourism Summit held in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental. The au- Award and was eventually chosen one of the two scholars out of more than 50 candi- thor also received the same Tourism Excellence award during the ceremony. In 2008 dates composed of tourism front-liners and travel writers from all over the world. The the author assisted in the organization of ANITOS-Association of Northern Iloilo Tourism announcement of the award was made on the opening day of the ASTA Manila World Oriented Services the same way he did for BARRIA and initiated the Tourism Forum in Convention at the PICC by Jules Cortell concurrent President of ASTA and the WATA Estancia, Iloilo which is the jump-off point for visitors going to the islands of Sicogon respectively together with the Award accorded by the World Tourism Organization and Gigantes which are now becoming popular destinations for beach lovers. The first (WTO) “Tourism Man of the Year” to Jose D. Aspiras, the then DOT Secretary, while ever conducted in Northern Iloilo, the forum was attended (To Outside Back Cover)

Bibliography Compendium in Tourism & Hospitality Studies Second Edition Intentionally Left Blank __/ Maximiliano Korstanje, Etymological Study on the Origin and Meaning of Tourism, , e-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR), Vol. 5, No. 5, 2007); ___/ Wekipedia ___/ Extension Bulletin E-2004 Cooperative Extension Service Michigan State University. __/ Chan, Robles Virtual Law Library ___/IAPCO-International Association of Professional Congress Organizers Seminar on Congress Management, Tagaytay City, Philippines November 1990;

COMPENDIUM In TOURISM & HOSPITALITY STUDIES With Implementing Rules and Regulations of: Tourism Related Provisions of Republic Act 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government Code of the Philippines; Republic Act 9593 otherwise known as the Tourism Act of 2009; and, Republic Act 10816, Otherwise known as Farm Tourism Act of 2015 Sample Drafts of: Tourism Ordinances for Local Government Units (LGUs) Province/City/Municipality and Barangay; and FULL COVERAGE of ASEAN Economic Integration (MRA) Mutual Recognition Agreements on: ASEAN Curriculum Standards for Tourism Professionals Education and Training Providers ASEAN Common Assessment Standards for Tourism Professionals Trainee’s Manual on Industry Knowledge and On-the-Job Coaching Assessor’s Manual for: Coaching Others in Job Skills and Competency Based Assessment and Recommended Curriculum Matrix on Tourism Studies for K-12 and College Education in Preparation for the ASEAN Common Competency Assessment for Tourism Professionals Second Edition 2015 COPY RIGHT 2015 @ALL RIGHTS RESERVED By: Maximino P. Zurbito, Jr., A.B.; Ll.B. Recipient: 1980 International Tourism Traveling Scholarship Grant (WATA-World Association of Travel Agencies, Geneva, Switzerland) 2007 DOTVI Western Visayas Tourism Excellence Award Entered in Rolls of Tourism Expert, 1987 International Cooperation for Developing Countries (ILO-International Labour Office, Geneva Switzerland)

No. TITLE Page/s BOOK TWELVE 619-642 Registration No. A-2015-00381 Project TREASURE 643-644 The National Library of the Philippines With CREATED-Center for Rural Eco Agri Tourism & Education Inhouse CURRICULUM FOR TOURISM & Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines HOSPITALITY EDUCATION Development Concept By: BIBLIGOGRAPHY MAXIMINO P. ZURBITO, JR. ISBN ___________ No portion of this book may be copied or reproduced in books, pamphlets, out- lines or notes, whether printed, mimeographed, typewritten, copied in different elec- tronic devices or in any form, for distribution or sale, without the written permission of the author except brief passages in books, articles, reviews, legal papers, and judicial or other official proceedings with proper citation. Any copy of this book without the corresponding number and signature of the author on this page either proceeds from illegitimate source or is in possession of one who has no authority to dispose of the same. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BY THE AUTHOR Copy No._______________ ______________________ Author’s Signature

No. TITLE Page/s Instructions for recording competency 415-421 Written Questions for Trainers as the Basis on 422-433 Testing the Knowledge and Competency of Tourism Workers Answers to Written Questions Review Guide to Update Industry Knowledge In Preparation for Competency Assessment BOOK TEN 434-440 ASEAN MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENT ON TOURISM PROFESSIONALS BOOK ELEVEN 441- TOURISM RELATED LAWS, RULES and 441-454 REGULATIONS 455-530 Chapter One Republic Act 7160 Local Government Code of 1991 Tourism Related Provisions The provisions of the Republic Act 7160, Local Government Code of 1991 applicable to Tourism are as follows: Book I General Provisions Title One BASIC PRINCIPLES. Chapter 2. General Powers and Attributes of Local Government Chapter II The IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS REPUBLIC ACT 9593 The National Tourism Act of 2009 Republic Act 10816, Farm Tourism Act DRAFT SAMPLES 531-603 TOURISM ORDINANCES Applicable to: Local Government Units (Municipality, Province and City)

No. TITLE Page/s How do employees register on the ASEAN 352-353 Tourism Professionals Registration System (ATPRS)? 353-355 How will MRA - TP benefit my education or training 355-359 359-366 organization? How do I have my qualifications recognized? 367-373 How do employees register on the ASEAN Tourism 373-374 Professionals Registration System (ATPRS)? 374-375 375-376 What do employees need to do in order to 376-377 qualify for a job in the AEC? 377-378 378-381 What are the ASEAN Common Competency Stand- ards for Tourism Professionals? 381-390 What is the ASEAN Common Tourism Curriculum? What are Competency-based Qualifications? What is the ASEAN Tourism Qualifications Equiva- lency Matrix Conformity Assessment ? What is the role of the Tourism Professional Certifi- cation Board (TPCB) ? The National Tourism Professional Board (NTPB) Local Contextualization of new ASEAN Qualifications Challenges in Implementing the Common ASEAN Tourism Curriculum The Assessment Process The ASEAN Tourism Qualification Equivalence Matrix BOOK NINE 391-433 ASEAN Mutual Recognition Agreement for Tourism Professionals (MRA-TP) Guide Book for Assessors 391 Competency Based Assessment (CBA) – An introduc- 391 391-392 tion for assessors 392 Suggested Assessment Methods 392-393 Alternative Assessment Methods 393 Selection of Assessment Methods 394 394-395 Assessing Competency 395-396 Regional Qualifications Framework and 396 396 Skills Recognition System 396-397 Recognition of Prior Learning 397 Code of practice for assessors 397-398 Instructions and checklist for assessors 398 Competency Based Assessment (CBA) 398-399 An introduction for assessors 399-400 Suggested Assessment Methods 400-401 Alternative Assessment Methods 401-412 Selection of Assessment Methods 412-414 Assessing Competency Regional Qualifications Framework and Skills Recognition System Recognition of Prior Learning Code of practice for assessors Instructions and checklist for assessors

PREFACE No. TITLE Page/s XIII 324 To the SECOND EDITION XIV (ATPRS) 324 In the PREFACE to the First Edition of this book, underlined is the statement XV ATPRS Purpose 325 that says, “foremost to this author’s mind is for the book to serve as the tool for the XVI ATPRS Ethos 325 institutionalization of the culture of tourism”. The same is again herein quoted as this VII ATPRS Design 326 edition is offered to ignite the flame of this continuing advocacy eternally burning. This VIII ATPRS Features 326 is specially so with the advent of the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Integra- Monitoring and Reporting tion MRAs-Mutual Recognition Agreements for Tourism and Tourism Professionals. I Reporting Responsibilities 327-33 Now, more than ever there are no more ifs or buts for the concerned national and II Challenges to MRA Sustainability 327 local government officials to consign tourism in the corner of virtual neglect if only to III 327 improve the competitiveness of the country’s tourism sector ready to play in equal IV Chapter VI tourism playing fields to fairly share the economic bounties that it may bring forth to V Recognition of Tourism Professional Qualifications 327-328 the ASEAN region. These are in the forms of Tourism Imports in terms of inbound VI 328 tourism income out of expenditures by foreign tourists while visiting the country; and VII Introduction Tourism Exports in the form of income remitted to the country by competent tourism VIII Recognition of Tourism Professionals 328-329 workers hired and actually working in other ASEAN member states or countries over- IX 329 seas. X Conformity Assessment It is in the foregoing precept, that this Second Edition is now with more pages XI Rationale for the Approach 329-330 and contains the recommended curriculum for consideration by the Education authori- I 330-331 ties that is most responsive to the Common ASEAN Tourism Curriculum (CATC); as II Equivalence Assessment 331-332 well topics and discussions of tourism imports that could enhance the skills and capa- III Equivalence Matrix of Tourism Qualifications bility of the young learners’ preparedness for the competency assessment in all level IV Registration of Tourism Professionals onto ATPRS 332 of the 52 job positions covered by the ASEAN Common Competency Standard Certifi- V 332 cates for Tourism Professionals. It also includes Guides and Tools for Trainees, Coach- VI Importance of the ATQEM 335-339 es and Assessors in On-the-Job skills Competency Based Assessment. For the Local VII Features of ATQIM 335 Government Units’ reference this edition also includes the steps in the formulation of VIII Skills Passbook 335 Local Tourism Development plan for Local Government Units (LGUs), Drafts of Tour- Conclusion 336 ism Ordinance and Development concepts for the creation of Tourism Enterprise Zone Chapter VII 336 (TEZ) in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Implementing Rules and 336 Regulations of R.A. 9593 otherwise known as the National Tourism Act of 2009. Conclusion and Roadmap 336-337 Introduction 338 Bgy. Bulaquenia, Estancia, Iloilo, Philippines 338-339 April 30, 2015 Training & Assessment Toolboxes Housekeeping Division Implementation of Toolboxes Project Phases Progress of Implementation of MRA Work Plan Roadmap for MRA –TP Conclusions Chapter VIII 340-390 ASEAN MRA-Mutual Recognition Agreement 340 Guide Book for Tourism Education and 340-341 Training Providers 341 Introduction 341-342 What is the Mutual Recognition Arrangement on 342-344 Tourism Professionals (MRA – TP)? 344-345 What is the purpose of MRA for 347-349 Tourism Professionals? 349-350 What are the benefits of MRAs? 350-352 What are the key elements of MRA – TP? How will MRA - TP benefit my education or training organization?

No. TITLE Page/s II Unit of Competency 299 III Element of Competency 299 IV Competency Based Assessment (CBA) 299-300 V 300 VI Performance Criteria 300 VII Principles of Competency Based Assessment (CBA) 300 VIII 301 IX Flexibility in Assessment 301 X Assessment Objectives 302 XI Types of Assessment 302 XII Alternative Assessment Tools 302 XIII Principles of Competency Based Assessment (CBA) 302-303 XIV Flexibility in Assessment 303-305 XV Assessment Objectives 305 XVI 305-306 XVII Types of Assessment 306 XVIII Alternative Assessment Tools 306-307 XIX 307 XX The Process of Assessment 307-308 XXI Review the Assessment Process 308 XXII Recognition of Current Competency 309 XXIII 309-310 XXIV Assessing Competence 310 XXV Competency Coverage 310 XXVI 310-311 XXVII Unit of Competency 311-313 XXVIII Element of Competency 313 XXIX 313-314 XXX Performance Criteria 314-319 XXXI Principles of Competency Based XXXII XXXIII Assessment (CBA) Education XXXIV Principles of Competency On the Job Flexibility in Assessment Assessment Objectives Types of Assessment Alternative Assessment Tools The Assessment Process Review the Assessment Process Recognition of Current Competency The Process of Assessment I Chapter V. 320-326 II The Mechanisms Supporting MRA for 320 III IV Tourism Professionals 320-321 V Introduction 321 VI 321 VII The Key MRA Components 321 VIII National Tourism Professional Boards (NTPB) 322 IX Tourism Professional Certification Boards (TPCB) 322 X 322 XI Composition of TPCB 322 XII Responsibilities of the TPCB Terms of Reference of TPCBs 322-323 ASEAN Tourism Professional Monitoring Committee 323 (ATPMC) 323-324 ATPMC Responsibilities ATPMC Terms of reference ASEAN Tourism Professionals Registration System

TABLE of CONTENTS No. TITLE Page/s XIV Generic Competencies 286-294 No. TITLE Page/s XV Functional Competencies 1-9 XVI Future Development 286 I BOOK ONE XVII 286 II Tourism Origin, Evolution and History 1-7 Chapter IV 286 DISCUSSION on the ORIGIN and INTERPRETATION 8-9 I Common ASEAN Tourism Curriculum 286 I II 287 II of TOURISM 10-17 III Introduction 287-289 III The Etymological Study of the Origin and Evo- 10 IV Design Principles 289 IV V Common ASEAN Curriculum 290 V lution of Tourism 10-11 VI Rationale for CATC 290 VI The Definitions and Meanings of Tourism 11-12 VII CATC Framework 290-291 I VIII Structure of CATC 291 II BOOK TWO 12 IX Career Progression 291 Brief Philippine Tourism History 12-13 X Flexibility and Choice 291 I 14-17 XI Flexible Pathways 291 II Chapter I 14-15 XII Building on Existing Qualification 292 III The Early Tourism and First Recorded Foreign 15-17 XIII Practical and Progressive 292 IV 18-54 XIV Industry-Based Content Unit of Competency 292 V Visitors to the Philippines 18-22 XV A Blend Competency 292 VI The Discovery by Magellan 18-19 XVI Life Long Learning 292 VI 19-20 XVII Accumulation of Skills and Knowledge 293 VII Spanish Colonization XVIII Robust Framework 293 VIII The Coming of the Americans 20 XIX Portability of Qualification 293 I 20 XX Recognition of Attainment 293-294 Other Foreign Visitors 20-21 XXI Mobility of Career Pathways 294 (British, Chinese, Dutch and Portuguese) 21 XXII Contextualization 294 21 XXIII Customized by Member State 295-296 The Japanese Sojourn 21 XXIV Local Additions and Amendments 295 Chapter II 22 XXV Boundaries of Contextualization 295 23-29 I Important Note 295 Philippine Modern Tourism History 23 II Localized Units of Competence 295 The Creation of the Department of Tourism III 295 IV Chapter V 295-296 Early Laws Related to Tourism V Challenges in Implementing CATC Book Three VI 297-319 Orientation and Training 297 Brief Philippine History I Bridging Programs Chapter I 297-298 Recognition of Current Competence 298 Pre-Historic Past Credit Transfer Process 298 Archeological Basis and First Inhabitants Articulation Agreements Quality Assurance The Rajahnate of Butuan The Rajahnate of Cebu Chapter VI Assessment of Competence The Confederation of Madja-as The Country of Mai Introduction Competency The Sultanate of Lanao The Sultanate of Sulu The Sultanate of Maguindanao The Expansion of Islam Chapter II Early Spanish Expedition and Conquests The Beginning of Expeditions to and Conquests of the Philippines

No. TITLE Page/s No. TITLE Page/s I Chapter II II The Spanish Settlement Between 24-26 II Executive Summary 267-269 the 16th and 17th Century 26 III MRA-TP Mutual Recognition Agreement for Tourism 267 III The Spanish Rule During the 18th Century 26-27 IV IV The British Invasion (1762-1764) Professionals 267-268 V The Spanish Rule In the 27 I Background 268-269 Second Part of 18th Century 27-29 II Recognition and Eligibility of VI Spanish Rule During the 19th Century III Foreign Tourism Professionals 269 IV The Key MRA Components V Conclusion Chapter III 30-35 VI The Philippine Revolutions VII I The Martyrdom of GomBurZa and 30-31 VIII II Beginning of Philippine Revolutions 31-32 IX III The Philippine American War 33 X 270-278 IV The Insular Government (1901-1935) XI Chapter III 270 V The Tagalog, Negros and Zamboanga 33-35 XII The Mutual Recognition Agreement 270 VI Cantonal Republics XIII For Tourism Professionals 270-271 Chapter III 36-37 I Introduction 271 I World II and the Japanese Occupation 36-37 II Rationale II Japanese Military Attack 37 III 271-272 III The Home Front IV The Mutual Recognition Agreement 272 V Types of MRAs Chapter IV 38-49 VI 273-274 The Philippine Independence (1946-1975) 38 VII Benefits of MRAs 274-275 I Administration of Manuel A. Roxas (1946-48) 38 VIII Purpose of MRAs to Tourism Professionals II Administration of Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953) 38-39 IX The Development of MRA-TP Mutual Recognition 275 III Administration of Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957) 39 X 276 IV Administration of Carlos P. Garcia(1957-1961) 39-40 XI Agreement for Tourism Professionals 276 V Administration of Diosdado Macapagal XII Key Elements of MRA-TP 276 XIII 276-278 Chapter V 41-48 Principles for Recognition and Eligibility of Tourism Ferdinand E. Marcos Era and Martial Law 41 Professionals 279-287 I Marcos Election to the Presidency 279 II National Policies and Programs for Socio-Economic 41-48 Implications of MRA for Institution 279 Progress 41-42 Providing Support to Stockholders 279 Unprecedented Infrastructure Growth 42-43 Food Sufficiency 43-46 Readiness of Member States 279-280 Education Reforms 46 Important Agreement Related to MRA 280 Agrarian Reform 46 Primary Health Care 46-47 Chapter III 280-281 Mass Housing 47 ASEAN Common Competency Standards 281 Energy Self-Reliance 47 281 Export Development 47 for Tourism Professionals Political Reforms 48 Introduction 281-282 Fiscal Reforms 48 282 Peace and Order 48 Rationale for Standards Development 283 Tourism, Culture and Arts Priority for Tourism Standards 283 Human Resource Development 283 Chapter VI 49-53 Strategic Direction 283 The Fifth Republic (1986-2015) 49-50 Basis of ACCSTP 283 284 Parameters of ACCSTP Framework The Importance of Competency Framework 284-285 Structure of the Competency Standards Common Labor Divisions Setting Job Positions Divisions of Labor Core, Generic and Functional Competencies Core Competencies

No. TITLE Page/s No. TITLE Page/s Administration of Corazon C. Aquino 50 Chapter III (1986-1992) Restaurant, Cocktail Lounge, Night Club, 228-237 I Administration of Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998) 51 Training Center & Spa II Administration of Joseph Ejercito Estrada 51-52 Basic Requirements for Operation and Management 228-229 III (1998-2001) Restaurant 229-232 I Bar, Cocktail Lounge and Night Clubs 232 Administration of Glora Macapagal-Arroyo 52-53 (2001-2010) Sports and Recreational Club 232-235 IV Administration of Benigno Simeon Aquino III Training Center 235-237 (From 2010) Spa V 54-64 BOOK FOUR 54-60 BOOK SIX Fast Facts on Current Philippine Tourism FUNDAMENTALS IN MODERN MARKETING 237-246 Geography, Socio-Cultural and Economic Features 60-65 TOURISM & TRAVEL I Geographic Access, Features, Cultural Backdrop, Chapter I II Population and Languages History and Evolution of Modern Marketing 238 Travel Tips, Entry/Exit Regulations History of Marketing 238-241 THE GATEWAYS TO PHILIPPINES’ 60-63 Evolution of Modern Marketing 242 WEALTH OF WONDERS Marketing in the Century Major International Travel Gateways 63-64 I Secondary Travel Gateways to II Tourist Destinations BOOK FIVE 65-141 Chapter II 243-247 TOURISM AS A SYSTEM-HOW IT WORKS 65 The Changing Needs and Priorities 243 Chapter I 65-66 of Affluent Society 243-246 The TOURISM SERVICE SYSTEMS 66-67 Introduction 246-249 Tourism as a System Defined 67 Developing of Purchasing Behavior The Tourism Service Cycle 68 I Principal Objectives of Modern Marketing 68 II I Elements of a Tourist Worthy Destination 68 III Chapter III 250-255 II Factors that Influence Tourism Industry 68-72 I Marketing Comes to Retailing 250-251 III II Meaning and Role of Marketing IV Sustainable Tourism Development 73-97 251 V Culture of Tourism 73 Ultimate of Marketing 251-253 VI 73 The Basic Activities in Marketing 253-255 VII Resource Information Relating to Retailing in Travel and Tourism Industry VIII Tourism Industry Statistics and Trends 73-74 IX 74-75 III Chapter IV 256-262 I Components of Tourism System 76-80 IV A Do-it-yourself Approach to Marketing 256 II Chapter II 80-81 I 256 III 81-95 II Introduction IV Tourism Development Planning 94-95 III The Internal Process 256-260 V Introduction 95-96 The Three Major Areas of Marketing 260-261 VI 96-97 The Fundamental Steps in Modern Marketing VII The National and Regional Planning 261 VIII Importance of Planning Tourism Conclusion The Tourism Development Plan Defined IV BOOK SEVEN Approaches to Planning ASEAN MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENT For 263-440 Public Involvement in Planning The Tourism Planning Process TOURISM PROFESSIONALS 263-266 Important Note to Remember Chapter I The three Questions the Development Glossary of Words/Terms and Phrases Master Plan must Answer

No. TITLE Page/s No. TITLE Page/s I IX II Translations, Interpretation, 187-188 X The Deliverables in Planning Objective 98-102 Meaning and Types 188-189 Chapter III 98 III Technical Support I IV Interpretation 189 II Destination Management, Facilities 98-100 V Instructions 189 III and Services 100-102 VI Translations 189-190 IV Introduction VII Secretariat 190 103-141 VIII Chapter IX I Composition of the Destination 103-104 191-194 II Management Team 104-108 I International Organizations 191 III 108-114 II STANDARD QUESTIONNAIRE FOR IV The Basic Roles of Tourism System Components in PROFESSIONAL CONGRESS ORGANIZERS (PCOs) 191-194 V Destination Management 110-114 I CONCERNING CONDITIONS AVAILABLE FOR WORLD 195-237 VI Chapter IV 114 II VII III CONGRESS 195 VIII Travel Agency/Inbound-Local Tours 115-118 IV Preamble 195-198 IX Management and Operation 118-119 V Questions to Answer 199-202 X Introduction 119--120 VI BOOK SIX 199-202 XI 121-122 VII HOSPITALITY SERVICE SYSTEMS 202-203 Definition of Terms, Words and Phrases Commonly 122-130 Accommodation, Foods and Beverage I Used 130-132 I (Hotel, Resorts, Restaurant, Training, Spa and Well- 203 II II ness Centers Management Fundamentals 203-208 III Travel Agency Defined 133-145 Chapter I. IV Organization of Travel Agency and/ 133 Introduction to Hospitality Service V (Hotel/Resort and Restaurant) VI or 133-134 Hospitality Defined and Explained VII Local Tours Operation 134-135 Definitions of Words, Terms and Phrases Commonly VIII The Travel Agency/Tour Operator 135-136 Used in Hospitality Service Systems 136-137 Basic Organizational Structure Service Cycle 137-139 Functions and Explanation Travel Agency, Inbound/Outbound Service Cycle Ex- 139-140 Accommodation Service Cycle and 140-141 Inter-action with Guests plained Start/End of Hospitality Service with Client The Basic Forms in Travel Agency Operations The Frontline Positions, Area of Service Coverage and Guest-related Functions Tour Package Costing Fundamental Steps in Package Tour Costing Chapter II 209-227 Types and Categories of 209 Tour Costing Illustrations Accommodation Facilities Samples of Basic Forms in Overview on Accommodation Facilities 209-220 Travel Agency/Tour Operations Definition, Classification and 220-222 222-223 Chapter V Required Facilities 223-225 Fundamentals and Techniques in Tour Guiding Hotels 225-226 226-227 Introduction Apartel (Apartment/Hotel) Tour Guide Defined Tourist Inn The Effective Tour Guide Qualities of an Effective Tour Guide Motel (Motorist Hotel) Tourism Service Components for Tour Guide Homestay Dynamics in Tour Guiding (Responsibilities and Duties of the Tour Guide) Pension House Tour Guiding a Profession Opportunities in Tour Guiding BOOK FIVE (MICE) Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibits

No. TITLE Page/s No. TITLE Page/s 142-194 IV Bankruptcy and Liquidation 173 I Chapter I 142-144 V Occupation of Stand and Space 173 II Insights and Beginning of Conference Industry 144-147 VI Obstruction of Gangways and Open Space 173 III 147-150 VII 174 I Introduction 151-153 VIII Trade Union Labor 174 II Basic Rules in Conference Management 153-155 IX Electrical Requirements 174 III Languages, Interpretation and Translation 155-156 X Dangerous Material and Exhibits 174 I XI 174 II Chapter II 157 XII Fire Precautions 174 III Promotion of the Destination 157-158 XIII Damage to Premises 175 IV Elements for Consideration XIV 175 V 158 XV Cleaning 175 VI Promotion 158-159 XVI Security Services VII Criteria for Site Selection XVII 175-176 VIII 159 XVIII Storage 176 I Chapter III 159 XIX Freight and Transport II Contract with Suppliers 159-160 XX 177-180 III 160 Liability 177-178 IV Introduction I Insurance V The PCO Contract with Client 161 II General Conditions 178 VI 161 III Chapter VI 178 VII Three Types of Contract 162-163 IV The ROLE OF CARRIER/TRANSPORT 178-179 VIII Contract with Suppliers 163 V (Air, Land, Sea) 179 IX 164-166 VI Definitions of Word, Terms and Phrases 179-181 X Hotel Contacting 166-167 VII Commonly Used 181 XI Exhibition 167-168 VIII Introduction 182 168 The Role of Common Carriers/Transport System in I Registration 168 I Tourism Related Activities 183 II Defaulting 168-171 II Modes of Carriers/Transport Systems 183 III Chapter IV 168-169 The Necessity of Official Carriers in 183 Socials and Protocol 169 III Mice and Tourism Activities 183-184 Introduction 169 IV The Benefits 184 General Information on Protocol and Ceremony 169-170 V Steps to Nominate and Airline 184 General Rules for Social Events 170-171 VI “Official Carrier” 184-186 The Relationship Between the Program and Budget VII Sample of Barter Agreement 187-190 Basic Social Program 172 Chapter VII 187 Opening Ceremony 172 MICE MARKETING STRATEGIES I87 Opening Cocktail 172 Data Gathering on Facts and Figures on: Typical Local Evening 172 How and Why People Come to Meetings Free Night 173 Sources of Information Closing Dinner 173 When Decision is Reached Others The Principal Reason for Attending Working Lunches Duration of Stay Coffee Breaks Accompanying Persons Programs for Accompanying Persons Marketing Options Transportation Chapter VIII Invitations-Vouchers Languages, Interpretation and Translation Chapter V A Necessity in International Congress STANDARD RULES and REGULATIONS on EXHIBITS Introduction Factors in Choice of Language For PROFESSIONAL CONGRESS ORGANIZER Definitions of Terms Installation and Removal of Exhibits Stand Construction and Services Application Cancellation