Nervous System

Body Systems Flipbook Carson Smith 3A Dr. Rod 1

Integumentary System 3 Musculoskeletal System 4 Nervous System 5 Special Senses 6 Cardiovascular System 7 Respiratory System 8 Digestive System 9 Urinary System 10 Reproductive System 11 Works Cited 12 2

Integumentary System 7. Lipectomy:​ Surgical removal of fat below the skin. Acts as a barrier to protect the body. Key Terms: 8. Debridement​: Removal of damaged tissue to prevent infection. ● derm/o, dermat/o- Skin ● kerat/o- Hard, horn-shaped tissue, cornea 9. Vitiligo​: Loss of pigment in 1+ areas of the ● xer/o- Dry skin ● xanth/o- Yellow, yellowish ● erythr/o- Red 10. P​ olyp:​ Small mushroom-like growth. ● pedicul/o- Fingernail, toenail 11. Nevus​: Highly pigmented lesion of the skin ● onych/o- Nail ● myc/o- Fungus that's flat and raised. ● pil/o- Hair/ hair follicle ● lip/o- Fat Diseases and Disorders: ● rhytid/o- Wrinkle ● albin/o- White 1. Acne:​ Inflammatory disorder of sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin. Function: 2. Cicatrix:​ A scar left by a healed wound. 1. Protection: Acts as a physical barrier 3. Gangrene​: Necrosis/death of tissue due to protecting the body from physical damage, ultraviolet rays, and pathogen invasion. loss of blood supply and infection. 4. Keloid​: An abnormally raised scar. 2. Contains sweat glands that secrete fluid in 5. Burns​: Injuries to the skin caused by the form of perspiration to maintain body temperature. prolonged contact with heat. 3. Flushes small amounts of waste composed Healthcare Careers: of water, salt, and organic compounds during perspiration. 1. Dermatologist:​ A physician who diagnoses and treats conditions and disorders of the 4. Allows for perception of stimuli with a large skin, hair, and nails. amount of nerve endings and receptors related to temperature, touch, pressure, and 2. Plastic Surgeon​: A physician who performs pain. surgery to transer, repair or reconstruct Important Vocabulary: tissue. 3. Immunodermatologis:​ A physician that 1. Papule​: Solid skin elevation with distinct specializes in how the skin and immune borders. system interact and treats skin conditions that involve the immune system 2. Ulcer​: An open sore or an erosion of the like eczema. skin. 3 3. Wart​: Small, hard, benign skin growth caused by a virus. 4. Tinea​: A skin infection caused by a fungus. 5. Blepharoplasty​: Plastic surgery of the eyelid; lid lift. 6. Cauterization:​ Destruction of tissue through application of heat, cold, or electric current.

Musculoskeletal System 7. Bones​: A dense connective tissue composed of collagen fibers and minerals. Allow for movement and provide protection. 8. Ligaments:​ Connective bands of tissue that Key Terms: connect bone to bone. ● my/o- Muscle 9. Axial Skeleton​: Consists of the bones along ● myel/o- Bone marrow; Spinal cord the central line of the body. ● oste/o- Bone ● cost/o- Rib 10. Appendicular Skeleton:​ Contains the bones ● crani/o- Skull in the appendages of the body, as well as ● -pexy- Surgical fixation the structures that connect the appendages ● chondr/o- Cartilage to the axial skeleton. ● arthr/o- Joint ● -plegia- Paralysis Diseases and Disorders: ● kinesi/o- Movement 1. Atrophy​: Wasting away or shrinkage of Function: muscle size. 2. Spasm​: Involuntary, sudden movement or 1. Holds body parts in position and allows for movement to be possible. muscular contraction of a muscle. 3. Scoliosis​: The abnormal, lateral curvature of 2. Protect internal organs from taking physical damage. the spine. 4. Osteoporosis​: Condition of small holes in 3. The skeletal system stores minerals like calcium and potassium, aids in blood cell bones with a loss of density. formation and acts as an anchor for 5. Sprain​: Trauma to ligaments surrounding a muscles. joint, causing pain and sometimes disability. 4. The muscular system helps produce body heat, aids in digestion and blood flow. Healthcare Careers: Important Vocabulary: 1. Chiropractor:​ A physician who treats illness and injury of the neuromuscular skeletal 1. Automaticity​: The ability of a muscle to system often by manual manipulation or contract without involvement of a nerve adjustment of the body. supply. 2. Orthopedic Surgeon:​ A physician that 2. Contractility:​ The ability of the skeletal specializes in the diagnosis and treatment muscles to contract and/or shorten. of spinal disorders, sports injuries, arthritis, and fractures. 3. Muscles​: Type of body tissue made up of bundles of fibers that are held together by 3. Physical Therapist​: Work with a patient's connective tissues. doctor to restore and maintain the patient's maximum movement and functional ability 4. Tendons:​ A band of connective tissue that through exercise. connects muscle to bone. 4 5. Elasticity:​ The ability of skeletal muscle fibers to resume their resting length when force is removed. 6. Skeletal Muscle:​ Voluntary muscle that is attached to bone and can be contracted or relaxed through conscious control.

Nervous System spinal cord which contains a rich supply of blood vessels that nourish the CNS. A complex system of nerves and cells that transmit 7. Neuron​: The fundamental cell of the nervous messages throughout the body. system (AKA: “a nerve cell”) 8. Pons:​ The bridge that connects the cerebellum Key Terms: to the rest of the brain and helps transfer messages from the brain to spinal cord. ● neur/o- nerve, nerve tissue, nervous system 9. Midbrain:​ The passageway of electrical impulses ● encephal/o- brain traveling between the brain and spinal cord. ● myel/o- bone marrow; spinal cord 10. Medulla Oblongata:​ Connects the brain to the ● ambul/o- walking spinal cord via the pons. Regulates breathing, ● -esthesia- feeling; sensation heart rate, and blood pressure. ● mening/o- meninges 11. Frontal Lobe​: Controls movement, reasoning, ● psych/o- mind; mental planning, problem-solving, speech, and ● concuss/o- violently agitated emotions. The seat of your personality. Function: Diseases and Disorders: 1. Sensory Input: ​Electrical impulses are sent 1. Stroke:​ Damage to the brain from Interruption of from sensory organs to the central nervous its blood supply. system which consists of the brain and spinal cord. 2. Paralysis:​ Temporary/permanent loss of movement or motor function. 2. Integration:T​ he central nervous system processes and interprets the information 3. Aneurysm​: Localized balloon-like dilation of a received through the sensory organs. blood vessel. 3. Motor Output: A​ fter processing and interpreting 4. Bell’s Palsy:​ Unilateral paralysis of face due to a the information the central nervous system virus. sends messages to effectors that generate a response in the form of motor output. 5. Shingles​: Eruption of a painful rash on the trunk of the body caused by the Varicella virus. Important Vocabulary: Healthcare Careers: 1. Central Nervous System (CNS)​: Composed of the brain and spinal cord. It receives messages, 1. Neurosurgeon: A physician who specializes in processes, and responds to stimuli. It functions the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disorders as the command center of the body. involving the central and peripheral nervous system. 2. Meninges:​ The three layers of protective tissue that protects the CNS. 2. Neurologist: A physician that treats disorders that affect the brain, spinal cord, and nerves 3. Brain Stem​: Located on the distal part of the such as cerebrovascular disease or stroke. brain and is composed of the pons, midbrain, and medulla oblongata Governs vital functions 3. Physician Anesthesiologist: A doctor that like respiratory rate, cardiac rhythm, body administers general anesthetic to patients before temperature, and sleep patterns. surgery. Drugs that induce a loss of pain and sensation during surgery. 4. D​ ura Mater​: Meaning “tough mother” is a thick sac of dense collagen fibers blood vessels that 5 protect the central nervous system from injury. 5. Arachnid Mater:​ Meaning “spider-like mother”, contains many thin fibers that connect to the pia mater below and is filled with protective fluid. 6. Pia Mater:​ Meaning “soft mother”, a thin tissue membrane that lies directly on the brain and the

Special Senses Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 6

Cardiovascular System Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 7

Respiratory System Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 8

Digestive System Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 9

Urinary System Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 10

Reproductive System Key Terms: ● Function: Important Vocabulary: Diseases and Disorders: Healthcare Careers: 11

Works Cited https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?ar ticlekey=4940 https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatm ents/picture-of-the-skin https://www.cusd80.com/Page/102354 https://www.skinmds.com/blog/4-different-types-of- dermatologists Previous Med Term Notes G-W Introduction to Medical Terminology Textbook https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/highland/departme nts-centers/neurosurgery/what-is-a-neurosurgeon.a spx https://healthcare.utah.edu/neurosciences/neurolog y/neurologist.php 12