MAGNOLIA-STUDENT-TEXTBOOK-ENGLISH-G04-Combine

ENGLISH TEXTBOOK 4 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________

4Class Part 1 R1 Reading Comprehension ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 18 R2 Reading Comprehension ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 38 Part 2 R3 Reading Comprehension ���������������������������������������������������������������������12 R4 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 R5 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 52

R1 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Anandi looked excited, ‘OK Papa, which places will we visit tomorrow?’ Manohar said, ‘We will visit Anjuna, Candolim and Calangute beaches tomorrow. We will also visit some churches. We will go to the Basilica of Bom Jesus in Old Goa and the church of St Francis of Assisi. Let us go back to the hotel and take rest now.’ The family had a quiet dinner at the hotel. They enjoyed the traditional food of Goa: fish curry, rice and Arroz Doce. Sharat and Anandi sat next to their parents on the bed before going to sleep. Sharat asked curiously, ‘Papa, tell us more about Goa.’ Manohar said, ‘Goa is India’s smallest state in terms of area and fourth smallest in terms of population. It is located on the western coast of India along the Arabian Sea. It is renowned for its beautiful beaches. Tourists from all over India and other countries flock here for an unforgettable experience. Panaji is the capital of Goa. The other important city is Margao. Isn’t all this interesting?’ The children nodded, ‘Yes, Papa.’ ‘Konkani is the official language here. Marathi, Hindi and Portuguese are also spoken here by the people. So, you can learn Konkani here, children.’ 1) Which beaches were Anandi’s family going to visit in Goa? Ans.   18

2) Where is Goa located? Ans.   3) Write the noun forms of the following words. a) traditional – ______________________________ b) excited – ______________________________ c) beautiful – ______________________________ . 4) The opposite of ‘unforgettable’ is  5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  official a)  the residents of a place 2)  population b)  famous or well-known 3)  renowned c)  formal Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Little Meera was a disobedient child. Despite being only eight years old, she pretended to be a grown-up. She would hardly listen to her parents or her elder sister, Keira, who was twelve. Her parents and teachers were tired of trying to correct her. Her mother kept complaining to her father about her. ‘What a disobedient girl! She asks me, “What’s the use of sending her to school when she can figure out everything on the internet?”’ exclaimed Mrs Thomas to her husband. ‘Give that tiny one some time. She is only eight and doesn’t know how tough life can get.’ In the evening, while Meera was watching how to make a grilled chicken sandwich on the internet, she requested her mother to make one for her. ‘What’s the use of making a sandwich, Meera? You can just grab a bite from the internet!’ Reading Comprehension 19

‘Ma! How can I do that? It’s a screen. I will hurt my teeth instead.’ ‘Exactly! The internet can help you see and hear but not taste, touch or feel. You can learn a lot from it, but you can’t taste a sandwich or get the feel of a classroom from the other side of the screen. I hope you understand the difference between the real world and the world of computers.’ ‘Yes, Ma! Now can we please have some sandwiches?’ The happy family of four had some delicious grilled chicken sandwiches for snacks. As the parents sipped their tea, Meera settled down at her study table and completed her homework happily. What more could her parents ask for? 1) What kind of a child was little Meera? Ans.   2) What did Meera’s mother want her to understand? Ans.   3) Write if the following nouns are of masculine, feminine, neuter or common genders. a) Keira – ___________________________ b) teacher – ___________________________ c) sandwich – ___________________________ . 4) The meaning of ‘requested’ is  5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  disobedient a)  spoke with strong emotion 2)  exclaimed b)  unwilling to obey 3)  grilled c)  cooked lightly on a grill 20

R2 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. There was an old king who liked to ride his elephant to town just after sunrise. After the rides, he would send the elephant to its trainer and his wife, who would bathe and feed it. One day, the king fell ill, and his son decided to sell the elephant to the circus. The elephant was very sad. Its trainer said, ‘Don’t be sad. You will be taught many tricks, and you will be happy to see children who will love you.’ True enough, as soon as he entered the ring, the children clapped their hands and called out to him. Everybody loved the elephant, and he was happy travelling across the country with the circus. On one of his trips, he arrived at his old hometown. His wish to see his trainer and the king grew stronger every day. One day, he ran away from the circus and reached the palace. He was shocked to see it broken and empty! The elephant turned back, and tears rolled down his eyes. Suddenly, he heard someone calling out his name. He looked back and saw his trainer. Immediately, he ran towards him, lifted him onto his back and went back to the circus. Everybody was happy to see the elephant. The trainer joined the circus and helped in training the other elephants. 1) Where would the king send the elephant after the rides? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What did the king’s son decide when his father fell ill? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 38

3) Write the correct pronouns for the words given below. a) king – ___________________________ b) palace – ___________________________ c) wife – ___________________________ 4) Write a word from the passage that rhymes with ‘guide’. Ans.  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  trainer a)  quickly or unexpectedly 2)  shocked b)  coach 3)  suddenly c)  upset or surprised Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. There once was a king who offered a prize to the artist who would paint the best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them. One picture was of a calm lake. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy, white clouds. All who saw the picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace. The other picture had mountains. They were rugged and bare. Above was an angry sky from which rain fell. Down the side of the mountain tumbled a foaming waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all. But when the king looked closely, he saw behind the waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the Reading Comprehension 39

bush, a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest—in perfect peace. Which picture do you think won the prize? The king chose the second picture. To be at peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble or hard work. To be at peace means to be in the midst of all those things and still be calm in your heart. 1) How many paintings did the king need to choose from? Ans.   2) In the second picture, what did the king see behind the waterfall? Ans.   3) Write the plural forms of the words given below. a) bush – ______________________________ b) waterfall – ______________________________ c) sky – ______________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘tumbled’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  foaming a)  up in the sky 2)  overhead b)  calmness 3)  peace c)  bubbling 40

R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Last Sunday, little Phulmani went to see a jatra with her parents. She was very excited to see the jatra. The next day, when she told the story of the performance to the class, her teacher said that jatra is actually a kind of folk theatre. This kind of theatre is performed under different names in different parts of our country. It is called ‘tamasha’ in Maharashtra, ‘nautanki’ in northern India and ‘jatra’ in Bengal. Most of these folk theatres are based on incidents or characters from myths. India has a rich heritage of classical dance forms, and many of them are based on myths. The dancers wear colourful costumes and dance in rhythm with music. Kathak is a dance of northern India, while Bharatanatyam, Mohiniattyam, Kuchipudi and Kathakali are all from southern India. Manipuri and Odissi are dance forms of eastern India. Such a wide variety of dance forms cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Phulmani came to know that Indian kings and rulers patronised classical music and dance in their courts. Emperor Akbar loved to listen to the songs of Tansen. Our country is so big that we have many different styles of classical music like Hindustani and Carnatic. Many of these styles began in temples and developed down the ages. 1) What did the teacher say a jatra was? Ans.   2) Who did Emperor Akbar like to listen to? Ans.   12

3) Rewrite the sentences by correcting spelling and punctuation errors. a) i am very found of signing and dancing. Ans.  b) My faouvrite dance is kathak I like bharatanatyam to. Ans.  c) I want to partisipate in a dance compitition next ear. Ans.  4) The meaning of ‘myths’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  character a)  supported or sponsored 2)  heritage b)  a role in a play 3)  patronised c) cultural traditions that are passed down through generations Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Welcome to the Arctic! That is the cold, windy area around the North Pole. It includes the Arctic Ocean and the land near it. Snow and ice cover the ground for most of the year. The walrus, polar bear and snowy owl are a few animals that live in this habitat and survive the cold. A walrus spends most of its time in icy water. It has a thick layer of blubber, or fat, under its skin to keep it warm. When a walrus swims, blood flows away from its skin to important organs inside its body. That keeps heat from leaving the walrus’s body, and its skin turns white. When it is warm again, its skin turns pink. walrus Reading Comprehension 13

polar bear A polar bear has special fur to keep it warm. Each hair is shaped like a straw. The shape helps direct sunlight towards the bear’s black skin, which collects and holds in heat. Polar bears also have a layer of blubber under their skin. A snowy owl has two layers of feathers that cover its entire body. The bottom layer, which is soft and fluffy, is called ‘down’. The outer layer of feathers is thick. In strong wind, the snowy owl may hide on the ground behind a pile of snow or rocks to block the wind. 1) Which are the animals that live in the Arctic? . Ans.   2) What happens when a walrus swims? Ans.   3) Fill in the comparative and superlative forms of the adjectives. Base adjective Comparative form Superlative form a) thick ______________________ _____________________ b) near ______________________ _____________________ c) warm ______________________ _____________________ 4) The meaning of ‘blubber’ is  5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  habitat a)  soft, fine feathers 2)  down b)  continue to live in difficult conditions 3)  survive c)  the natural home of an animal 14

R4 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. ‘It is a wonderful book, Maa’, Barun replied happily. ‘I am reading about Rakesh Sharma right now.’ ‘So you are reading about the first Indian to go to space’, said his mother. She sat on the bed beside her son and asked him, ‘Have you read about Kalpana Chawla?’ Barun started reading about Kalpana Chawla in the evening. Kalpana Chawla was born in 1962 in Karnal in the state of Haryana. Nicknamed ‘Montu’ by her family, she went to school at the age of three. Later, she studied Aeronautical Engineering at Punjab Engineering College, India. In 1982, Kalpana went to the USA to study at the University of Texas at Arlington. In 1988, she became a research scientist at NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, California. Kalpana Chawla In November 1996, Kalpana joined the STS-87 mission aboard the space shuttle Columbia. The mission flew in November–December 1997, during which Kalpana spoke with the then Prime Minister of India, Mr Inderjit K Gujral, from the orbit. On 16 January 2003, Kalpana again went into space. She was on board the space shuttle Columbia. After a successful flight, Columbia was lost with its crew during reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere on 1 February 2003. A hill on Mars and a star in deep space have been named after Kalpana. Her story shows the value of hard work and sincerity that is remembered even when one is no more. 1) Who was the first Indian to go to space? Ans.   32

2) Where was Kalpana Chawla born? Ans.   3) Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions from the options given in brackets. a) Kalpana Chawla was born _____________________ (on/in) Haryana. b) S he was _____________________ (under/among) a group of astronauts who travelled to outer space. c) The rocket flew _____________________ (over/with) the Earth. 4) Another word for ‘answer’ in the passage is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  space shuttle a)  honesty 2)  crew b)  spacecraft 3)  sincerity c)  team Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Kite flying is one of the world’s oldest sports. In China, people used to fly different coloured kites to send different messages. No one knows for certain who invented kites. Some historians believe that the Egyptians were the first to fly kites. Ancient Egyptian carvings depict men flying objects attached to strings. Some believe that Ancient Greeks invented kites, while others believe that the Chinese made the first kites. Throughout the centuries, kites have been used for various purposes. Once, a Chinese emperor who had been imprisoned was saved by a kite. His followers flew a huge kite over the tower Reading Comprehension 33

in which the emperor was imprisoned. Recognising the kite, he took hold of the huge ropes hanging from the kite and flew away to freedom. Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity. He flew a kite in a thunderstorm and was almost killed when lightning travelled down the wet string and lit up his instruments. The kite was also responsible for the invention of aeroplanes. The Wright Brothers flew many kinds of kites and studied their movements before making the first aeroplane. Actually, the first aeroplane was a huge kite glider that was specially made to carry an engine and a person. 1) Which is one of the world’s oldest sports? Ans.   2) Who used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity? Ans.   3) Write the past tense forms of the words given below. a) fly – ___________________________ b) make – ___________________________ c) take – ___________________________ 4) The meaning of the word ‘ancient’ is ________________________________________________  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  invented a)  a period of hundred years 2)  historian b)  created for the first time 3)  century c)  someone who studies and records history 34

R5 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Spit keeps our mouths moist and softens our food when we chew. Without spit in our mouths, we would have a hard time talking and swallowing. But for some animals, spit works better after it has left the mouth. Some animals are experts at surviving because they are expert spitters. Llamas are animals that like their personal space. A llama that feels threatened or annoyed will spit slimy gobs at you to get you to leave it alone. Sometimes, llamas even spit on each other to steal food! Llama spit includes food from the llama’s stomach, and it can be quite smelly. When a llama spits on another animal, the animal usually loses its appetite and walks away, leaving its food behind. The archer-fish is a very skilled llamas spitter. It takes aim and spits jets of water at insects and other small creatures to knock them into the water. Then, it gulps them down quickly. Spitting cobras are also known for their expert aim. These snakes spray venom from their fangs to protect themselves. Scientists believe that these snakes actually aim for the eyes! When a cobra’s venom gets into the eyes of an animal, the venom causes terrible pain and even blindness. This gives the snake plenty of time to get away. 1) How does spit help human beings? Ans.   52

2) How do spitting cobras protect themselves? Ans.   3) Write the present continuous tense form of each of the words below. a) walk – ___________________________ b) talked – ___________________________ c) stole – ___________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘appetite’ is ______________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  soften a)  continuing to live 2)  surviving b)  poison 3)  venom c)  to make soft Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Bullying is being unkind to another person again and again. Bullying can be of many types. It can be teasing, threatening to hurt someone or telling lies about someone. Yelling at someone, hitting them or excluding them can also be bullying. Being bullied makes people feel powerless, sad and alone. It can be difficult to stand up for yourself when you are being bullied. The bully seems more powerful than you. Being bullied can lead to illness or problems at school. It can also result in some people turning into bullies themselves. Reading Comprehension 53

There are a lot of reasons why bullying happens. Some want to copy their friends. Some think that being a bully will make them respected or popular. Sometimes bullies think that they are better than their peers, and so they bully them to prove it. Bullies use power to hurt people. Bullies might use physical strength. They might use their popularity or smartness in school. Or they may use secrets they know to hurt others. No matter what the reasons behind it are, or how it is done, bullying is wrong! Bullying isn’t just bad for the victim being bullied. It’s bad for the bully too. Those who are bullies often grow up to have problems like getting into fights. You may not know what to do if you witness bullying. It may make you feel depressed or worried. You may not feel safe. These feelings may make you want to join in the bullying, or be silent, so as not to get bullied yourself. Or perhaps the bullying makes you so angry that you stand up to the bully yourself. The best and safest thing to do is to inform an adult whom you trust so that they can help put a stop to it. 1) What are the different ways by which bullying can happen? Ans.   2) What can you do if you see somebody getting bullied? Ans.   3) Change the given sentences by following the instructions in brackets. a) Bullying can be of many ways. (change into interrogative sentence) Ans.   b) Y ou should always inform an adult about the bullying. (change into imperative sentence) Ans.   54

c) Do not bully your classmates. (change into declarative sentence) . Ans.   4) The meaning of the word ‘witness’ is   5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  threaten a)  the person harmed by an unpleasant event/action 2)  powerless b)  to intend to cause harm to someone 3)  victim c)  without the power to prevent something from happening Reading Comprehension 55