CO MPASS SERIES English literature part - 1 3 Name: Learn@Home Sec�on: Roll No.: School:
Preface ClassKlap partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. Our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. ClassKlap presents the Compass series, designed specifically to meet the requirements of the new curriculum released in November 2016 by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). Guiding principles: The 2016 CISCE curriculum states the following as a few of its guiding principles for English language teaching: Connecting learning to life in the outside world Integrating English with other subjects across the curriculum Using meaningful contexts to develop language as a whole Making assessment for learning an integral part of the teaching-learning process Ensuring active participation of children by using a variety of activities and tasks Each of these principles resonates with the spirit in which the ClassKlap textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books have been designed. The ClassKlap team of pedagogy experts has carried out an intensive mapping exercise to create a framework based on the CISCE curriculum document. Key features of ClassKlap Compass series: B ooks for English are mapped to the assessment patterns of English-I and English-II in ICSE schools. T he grammar concepts covered in English-I have a horizontal and vertical progression across the grades, providing a spiral of learning. T he writing sections contain a wide variety of topics with a focus on process-based writing in higher grades. T he English-II book also covers all the themes recommended by the CISCE curriculum across classes 1–5. A hallmark of ICSE English is a wide representation of authors – Indian and foreign. The Compass series includes pieces by writers such as Charles Dickens, Rabindranath Tagore, Sarojini Naidu, Oscar Wilde and Mark Twain among others. Vocabulary building is a key focus area for ClassKlap Pictures for word meanings are included in each lesson to help students with visual clues for new or difficult words. All in all, the Compass English books aim to generate greater engagement and enhance fluency in English communication, which spans all the four skills of Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing. – The Authors
Textbook Features Warm Up About the Writer/Poet I Read Interesting questions to B rief introduction to the Literature piece (either arouse curiosity about the writer or poet prose, poetry or drama), lesson along with pictures for new/difficult words ? In-text Questions New Words Literature Comprehension Quick check of To practise contextual understanding meanings A variety of questions to ensure the comprehension of the lesson P VocabularyR I Feel I Speak Q Value-based questions Activities to cultivate To help build and based on the lesson that ask speaking skills enhance age-appropriate for opinions and judgement vocabulary Listen and Say Aloud Dictation Language Game P ronunciation practice Words from the lesson or Games to provide based on phonics, difficult sentences with commonly engagement with and words, tongue twisters and confused spellings for enhance fluency in the multi-syllabled words dictation practice language Listening Audio Connect the Dots A Note to Parent Captivating listening Questions that stimulate Constructive activities to audio pieces followed by interdisciplinary thinking be done at home along exercises by connecting English with with parents to reinforce other subjects learning
Contents 1 David Copperfield ............................ Self, Family, Home, Friends������������������������1 – Charles Dickens 2 The Happy Prince ..............................Peace and Harmony�������������������������������11 – Oscar Wilde 3 Community Peace ........................... Peace and Harmony�������������������������������16 4 Three Questions ................................ Self, Family, Home, Friends����������������������24 (a Japanese folktale) 5 A Lesson in Addition ........................ Peace and Harmony�������������������������������34 (Drama) 6 Paper Boats ...................................... The World Around Us ������������������������������40 – Rabindranath Tagore 7 The Story of Eklavya ........................ Art and Culture ���������������������������������������50 (from the Mahabharata) 8 Little Women ...................................... Self, Family, Home, Friends����������������������59 – Louisa May Alcott 9 The Coromandel Fishers ................. Our Country���������������������������������������������66 – Sarojini Naidu Glossary��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������74
1Lesson David Copperfield Self, Family, Home, Friends Warm Up • Imagine that you went to a relative’s or a friend’s house and they didn’t treat you well. How would you feel? • W hat would your reaction be like? About the Writer Charles Dickens (1812–1870) was an English author. He created a few of the world’s most famous fictional characters. He is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His 1859 novel, A Tale of Two Cities, is his best-known work of historical fiction. His other popular novels are Oliver Twist, Great Expectations and A Christmas Carol. A boy named David Copperfield was very sad when his mother died. His stepfather sent him to work at an unsuitable place. David decided to run away to his father’s aunt. She was so disappointed that he had not been born a girl that she never visited him after his birth. Read on to know what happened next! A Good Play 1
I Read ‘Go away!’ said Miss Betsey, shaking her head. ‘Go ? Why did Miss along! No boys here!’ Betsey say ‘Go away!’? I watched her as she marched to a corner of her garden and stooped to dig up some more. Then, without a scrap of courage but with a great deal of desperation, I went and stood beside her. stooped ‘If you please, ma’am’, I began. She started and looked up. ‘If you please, aunt.’ desperation ‘Eh?’ exclaimed Miss Betsey, in a tone of amazement that I had never heard before. ‘If you please, aunt, I am your nephew.’ ‘Oh, Lord!’ said my aunt and sat flat down on the garden path. amazement ‘I am David Copperfield. You had come on the night when I was born and seen my dear mama. I have been very unhappy since she died. I have been taught nothing and put to work that is not fit for me. It made me run away to you. I was robbed when I first set out and have walked all the way.’ Here, I broke into a fit of crying. My aunt sat on the gravel, staring at me. Then she got up in a great hurry and took me into the parlour. I was unable to control my sobs. She placed me on the sofa, with a shawl under my head and the gravel handkerchief from her own head under my feet so sobs that I would not dirty the cover. ? Who did Miss After a while, she rang the bell. ‘Janet’, said my Betsey ask Janet aunt when her servant came in. ‘Go upstairs and to call from tell Mr Dick that I wish to speak to him.’ upstairs? Janet looked a little surprised to see me lying stiffly on the sofa. My aunt, with her hands behind her, walked up and down the room until a gentleman came in laughing. ‘Mr Dick,’ said my aunt, ‘Don’t be a fool, because nobody can parlour be more discreet than you can when you choose. We all know that.’ 22
The gentleman was serious immediately and looked at me. ‘Mr Dick,’ said my aunt, ‘you have heard me mention David Copperfield Senior, haven’t you? Now don’t pretend to not have a memory.’ ‘David Copperfield Senior?’ asked Mr Dick, who did not appear to remember much about him. ‘David Copperfield Senior? Oh yes!’ ‘Well,’ said my aunt, ‘this is his boy – his son.’ ‘His son?’ asked Mr Dick. ‘David Senior’s son? Indeed!’ ‘Well then,’ returned my aunt, ‘here you see young David Copperfield, and the question I put to you is, what shall I do with him?’ ‘Why, if I were you,’ said Mr Dick, looking at me, ‘I would...’ The sight of me seemed to inspire him, and he added briskly, ‘I should wash him!’ ‘Janet,’ said my aunt, ‘Heat the bath!’ – Adapted from David Copperfield by Charles Dickens New Words Word Meaning disappointed stooped scrap of courage a great deal desperation started amazement fit gravel parlour sobs stiffly discreet briskly David Copperfield 3 A Good Play
Literature Comprehension A) Direct questions and answers 1) Why had David’s aunt never visited him after his birth? Ans. 2) W hat did Miss Betsey put under David’s head and feet? Why? Ans. 3) How was David related to Aunt Betsey? Ans. B) Reference to context 4) ‘I have been very unhappy since she died.’ a) Who said this and to whom? Ans. b) Who was ‘she’ in the given line? Ans. c) Why had the speaker been unhappy? Ans. 5) ‘I should wash him!’ a) Who said this and to whom? Ans. 44
b) Why did the speaker say this? What was the significance of this statement? Ans. c) What happened after the speaker spoke this line? Ans. C) Answer the following 6) Arrange the events of the story in the correct order. a) ‘If you please, aunt, I am your nephew.’ [ ] b) ‘Why, if I were you’, said Mr Dick, looking at me, ‘I should...’ [ ] c) His stepfather sent him to work at an unsuitable place. [ ] d) ‘Go away!’ said Miss Betsey, shaking her head. ‘Go along! [ ] No boys here!’ e) ‘His son?’ asked Mr Dick. ‘David Senior’s son? Indeed!’ [ ] RP Vocabulary Q Collocations Collocations are words that are frequently used together. Collocations are formed by pairing a few prepositions with certain verbs. A few noun and verb pairs also are used together. They are all collocations. For example, we say: make a mess instead of create a mess big mistake large mistake take a nap have a nap do a favour give a favour David Copperfield 5 A Good Play
Let us look at collocations that are formed with the words ‘take’, ‘have’, ‘get’ and ‘go’. 66
7) Fill in the blanks with the correct collocations. a) I need to _____________ a break from work! b) Ramesh Uncle is going to _____________ abroad next week. c) Will you _____________ ready quickly? We are getting late. d) I _____________ an appointment with the doctor today. I Feel 8) Do you feel that David’s aunt treated him well? Explain your answer. Ans. 9) If you were in some trouble and could not reach your parents, which relative would you go to for help? Why? Ans. David Copperfield 7 A Good Play
I Speak Make groups of four. Divide the roles of David, Miss Betsey, Mr Dick and Janet among yourselves. Imagine what would have happened to David at his aunt’s house. Create the next part of the story and perform it in the form of a role play. David’s aunt did not visit him after his birth as he was born a boy and not a girl as she had hoped. Make groups and discuss whether it was correct on Miss Betsey’s part to behave in this manner. Also, discuss whether it is correct for people to change their behaviour towards others based on factors that they have no control over. Use the hints given below to guide your discussion. Hints: • It was not David’s choice to be born as a boy. • His aunt shouldn’t have differentiated between a boy and a girl and should have loved the child irrespective of gender. • We should not treat boys and girls differently. • We should accept others irrespective of their nationality, religion, gender or caste. Listen and Say Aloud Words that end in –ic (stress the second-to-last syllable) metallic geographic fantastic ecstatic academic historic classic patriotic 88
Word Dictation 10) Listen to your teacher and write the words. c) f) a) b) i) d) e) g) h) Language Game Can you correct this? Read the following paragraph on the life of David Copperfield. There are a few errors in the paragraph. Make pairs and correct all the errors. The pair that finishes first will win. David Copperfield was a orphan. His mother died when he was very younger. His stepfather did not treet him well. He rans away from home and went to his aunt named miss betsy! She took him inn and let him stay with her. Ans. Listening Audio 11) How did people travel in the olden days? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 12) Which was the first car manufacturer to use an assembly line? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ 13) What do modern cars use as fuel? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ David Copperfield 9 A Good Play
14) Mention two harmful effects of modern cars. Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 15) Mention one measure being taken to reduce pollution caused by modern cars. Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Connect the Dots Maths Fun Miss Betsey took David in and made him help her in the garden. She asked him to dig holes in the ground and plant seeds. David planted 42 seeds in 7 hours. How many seeds would he plant in 5 hours? Social Studies Fun Charles Dickens had worked in many places in his lifetime. a factory in London that He started by working at a boot-blacking factory. He Charles Dickens worked in then progressed to being an office boy. Soon, he started freelance reporting at the law courts of London. He also worked as a freelance sketch artist under the pseudonym ‘Boz’. He was a publisher and, of course, a famous author. He faced many obstacles in his childhood, and most of his writing reflect those hardships. A Note to Parent David Copperfield is the story of a boy who did not receive much love in his childhood. This lack deeply saddened him. Ensure that you make your child feel loved and secure. Tell them how important they are to you. Respect your child’s wishes as you would anyone else’s. 1100
2Lesson The Happy Prince Peace and Harmony Warm Up • Does helping others make you happy? Why or why not? • Have you helped anyone? Has anyone helped you? Share an experience. About the Writer Oscar Wilde (1854–1900) was an Irish author, poet and playwright. His novel The Picture of Dorian Gray is one of his most famous novels. The Importance of Being Earnest is one of his best known plays. He was also a prolific short story writer with many famous short-stories like ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’ and ‘The Model Millionaire’. ‘The Happy Prince’ is another of his well-known works. Let us read a story about a prince and a swallow who tried to make others happy. I Read ?The statue of the happy prince stood What was the high above the city. It was Prince’s statue covered with gold, its eyes were of sapphire, and a made of? sapphire ruby ruby hung from its waist. A Good Play 11
One day, a swallow ? Who came to rest migrating to distant lands swallow migrating at the foot of the for the winter stopped at statue one day? the foot of the statue to rest. However, as he put his head under his wing, a large drop of water fell on him. He looked up and saw the eyes of the happy prince filled with tears. ‘Who are you?’ asked the swallow. ‘I am the happy prince.’ ‘Then why are you crying?’ asked the swallow. ‘When I was alive,’ said the prince, ‘I lived in a palace where there was no sadness. I played and danced with my friends in the garden. There was a high wall, and I did not know what lay on the other side. I was called “the happy prince”. Now I am dead, and they have put me up here. I can see all the unhappiness around me now.’ ‘Far away,’ said the prince, ‘I can see a woman. Her face is thin, hands rough and red. Her little boy is very ill. Will you take my red ruby to her?’ The swallow took the red ruby, put it on the table and flew back to the prince. ‘It’s strange’, the swallow said. ‘It is very cold, but I feel quite warm.’ ‘That is because you’ve done a good thing.’ ‘Across the city, I can see a writer who is very cold, weak and hungry. Give him one of my eyes’, said the prince. ‘He can sell it and buy wood and food.’ The swallow took out the prince’s eye, flew to the young man and left the jewel on the floor. ‘A little girl is standing there in the square below. She has no money. Take out my other eye and give it to her’, said the prince. ‘I cannot take out your other eye. You will not be able to see’, said square the swallow. ‘Do as I say, please’, replied the prince. The bird took out the prince’s eye, flew to the girl and put the jewel in her hand. The prince now depended on the swallow to describe whatever he saw. Whenever the prince heard of some suffering, he asked the swallow to take off one piece of gold from his body and give it away. Winter set in, but the swallow stayed back. It grew colder and colder. Nevertheless, the swallow did not leave. One day, gathering up his last bit of strength, the swallow flew up, said goodbye to the prince and fell dead at his feet. 1122
The people noticed the statue, bare of all the jewels, and pulled it down and threw it along with the dead swallow. However, those who had received help had love and gratitude in their hearts for the happy prince and the swallow. Real happiness is found in making others happy. Nothing is more precious than a heart that cares for others. – Adapted from ‘The Happy Prince’ by Oscar Wilde New Words Word Meaning sapphire ruby swallow migrating square gathering gratitude precious I Speak Divide your class into pairs. Sit with your partner and discuss how you can help each other. Discuss further how you would like to help the people around you. Make a list and then share it with your class. Divide your class into groups of four. Discuss the following questions. Then, share your thoughts with the rest of the class. • T he prince helped other people without being asked to do so. Do you think that he did the right thing? Give reasons and examples to support your answer. • Do you think that we should help others without expecting anything in return? Discuss. The Happy Prince 13 A Good Play
Listen and Say Aloud Words swallow sorrow sapphire gathering strength migrating gratitude precious Sentence Dictation 1) Listen to your teacher and write the sentences. a) ________________________________________________________________________________ b) ________________________________________________________________________________ c) ________________________________________________________________________________ d) ________________________________________________________________________________ e) ________________________________________________________________________________ Language Game Jumbled words Actual word Unscramble the given words from the story. Jumbled word NICEPR RSWORO WASLWLO PHRISEAP WOSN BURY 1144
Listening Audio 2) Which of the following is a type of tea? [ ] [ ] a) purple b) indigo c) yellow d) brown [ ] 3) Where was tea invented? [ ] [ ] a) India b) China c) Indonesia d) Japan 4) Which of the following may be a reason for drinking tea? a) It tastes bad. b) It was invented in China. c) It is exported. d) It makes our body burn fat. 5) Where is tea grown? a) Mumbai b) Munnar c) Bhopal d) Delhi 6) What happens to most of the tea grown in India? a) It is distributed. b) It is thrown away. c) It is exported. d) It is sold to tourists. Connect the Dots Maths Fun If a swallow flies 56 km in a day, how much distance will it cover in 36 days? Science Fun Arctic tern Have you ever seen a flock of birds flying in the sky? Have you wondered where they are going? A few of these birds may be migrating to lands with warmer climates. A bird named Arctic tern has the longest-known migration route. A Note to Parent Teach your child to care for their elderly relatives or younger siblings. Selflessly caring for others is an important quality that should be inculcated in children from a young age. The Happy Prince 15 A Good Play
3Lesson Community Peace Peace and Harmony Warm Up • When you hear the word ‘peace’, what thoughts cross your mind? • Is it important to have peace around us? Why or why not? Let us read a poem on how to achieve peace. I Read ?When there’s harmony, there is peace, What is the poem about? Joy on Earth does increase. For peace to grow in your community, The first step is social unity. harmony We all know that healthy relations ? What are the Are the keys to peaceful nations. keys to peaceful War and conflict, we must avoid, So that beauty of life may be enjoyed. nations? community We just need to open our hearts, conflict That’s where peace clearly starts. It’s not that difficult to embrace and find, With a caring heart and open mind. relations embrace (Source: AnitaPoems.com) 1166
New Words Word Meaning harmony community relations conflict embrace Literature Comprehension A) Direct questions and answers 1) When does joy on Earth increase? Ans. 2) What do you think the poet means by the term ‘social unity’? Ans. 3) Why should we avoid war and conflict? Ans. Community Peace 17 A Good Play
B) Reference to context 4) ‘For peace to grow in your community, The first step is social unity.’ a) Which word/phrase means ‘a group of people living in harmony’? Ans. b) What message do these lines convey? Ans. c) Do you agree with the message conveyed in these lines? Explain your answer. Ans. 5) ‘War and conflict, we must avoid, So that beauty of life may be enjoyed.’ a) Identify the words in the above lines that are similar in meaning. Ans. b) What does ‘beauty of life’ refer to? Ans. c) Based on these lines, what can you say about the viewpoint of the poet? Ans. C) Answer the following 6) Fill in the blanks with words from the poem. a) T he poet believes that when there is __________________________, there is happiness all around us. b) Social unity brings in __________________________ within the community. c) According to the poet, peace starts when we open our _________________________. d) __________________________ relations build peaceful nations. 1188
e) The poet thinks that we need to __________________________ the differences among other human beings with an open mind. PR Vocabulary Q Commonly confused spellings Long ‘e’ The long ‘e’ sound can be spelt several ways. It can be represented using various vowel combinations. Ee words Many words spell the long ‘e’ sound with the letters ‘ee’. In these words, the long ‘e’ sound usually appears in the middle of the word and occasionally at the end of the word. Examples: • fourteen • agree Ea words A very common way of spelling the long ‘e’ sound is with the letters ‘ea’. Examples: • breathe • squeak E – e words The long ‘e’ sound is sometimes spelt with an ‘e’ in the middle of the word and an ‘e’ at the end of the word. Examples: • concrete • delete Ie Words The famous ‘i before e except after c’ spelling rule applies to the long ‘e’ sounds. • fierce • achieve Ei Words Since the ‘i before e’ spelling rule does not apply after the letter c, a few long ‘e’ sounds are spelt with the letters ‘ei’. Examples: • ceiling • receipt Community Peace 19 A Good Play
7) Circle the words with the correct spellings. a) recieve, receive, rieceve, reeceive b) theam, theem, theme, theim c) committee, committy, commeetti, commiette d) beleive, beelev, bieleev, believe I Feel 8) What is the first step towards achieving peace in a community? Explain why. Ans. 9) What are the things that can disturb peace in a community? Ans. I Speak In groups, recite M K Gandhi’s ‘Prayer of Peace’. I offer you peace. I offer you love. I offer you friendship. I see your beauty. I hear your need. I feel your feelings. My wisdom flows from the highest source. I salute that source in you. Let us work together. For unity and peace. 2200
Divide your class into groups of three. Each group makes three sentences that describe an act of peace and three sentences that describe an act that does not reflect peace. For example: We should share food with our friends. (act of peace) We should not play with everyone. (does not reflect peace) Each group reads out their sentences, and the class guesses whether it is an act of peace. Listen and Say Aloud Word Rhyming word Word Rhyming word community unity relations nations starts avoid enjoyed hearts – find mind – Word Dictation 10) Listen to your teacher and write the words. c) a) b) f) d) e) i) g) h) Language Game Dumb charades Write down a word from the poem or related to peace on a slip of paper. Then, divide the class into two groups. Community Peace 21 A Good Play
One member of a group comes forward, picks up a slip and, without speaking, enacts the word for their team to guess. The groups take turns and the group that correctly guesses the most words wins. Listening Audio 11) What was the name of the strange bird and where did it live? Ans. 12) What was strange about the bird? Ans. 13) Why did the first head say that he had the first right to eat the fruit? Ans. 14) How did the second head take revenge on the first head? Ans. 15) What was the consequence of eating the poisonous fruit? Ans. Connect the Dots Maths Fun Samyukta sat down to write a poem on peaceful living at 5:30 a.m. She took a 10-minute break at 6:15 a.m. and completed the poem at 7:15 a.m. How much time did she take to write the poem? 2222
Social Studies Fun the United Nations logo Have you heard of an organisation called the United Nations? It was formed after World War II to ensure good relationships among countries and to bring about peace and security in the world. A Note to Parent Encourage your child to play with his or her friends in harmony. Try to avoid getting involved in their small differences. Stay away when you know that your involvement will only make matters worse. Allow them to solve their problems as a group. Community Peace 23 A Good Play
4Lesson Three Questions Self, Family, Home, Friends Warm Up • People mostly like and admire funny people. Why do you think it is so? • C an you think of a rib-tickling joke that you have heard recently? Share it with your classmates. Let us read a story about a clever court jester who helped the king. I Read Clowns and court jesters appear funny. Nevertheless, they can convey serious messages that can make us think. Akio was one such witty court jester. He ? Who was Akio? was considerate, self-confident and one court jester of the king’s favourite members of the court. Everyone loved and respected him. One day, a man decided to test Akio. He said, ‘Akio, I was sleeping with my mouth open last night. A rat entered and disappeared into my stomach. What should I do now?’ Akio replied promptly, ‘My dear friend! You can only do one thing. Bring a cat and swallow it alive.’ 2244
Everyone laughed. The man fell silent. Another day, Akio was enjoying a feast with his friend. He spotted a fat man eating sweets and putting some away in his pocket. Akio got up and poured a jug of coffee in the man’s pocket. feast ‘How dare you pour coffee in my pocket?’ yelled the man angrily. Akio calmly replied, ‘Since your pocket has eaten so many sweets, I thought it might be thirsty. So, I gave it some coffee.’ Once, three explorers came to see the king. They ? Who had come to asked the king three questions to which nobody had meet the king? answers. The king was confident of Akio’s wisdom and wit. Therefore, he called him to the palace. Akio came riding a donkey with a stick in one hand. Akio requested the first explorer to ask his question. The explorer asked, ‘Where is the centre of the Earth?’ Without any hesitation, Akio pointed his stick towards his donkey. ‘Look, it is here, near the donkey’s right leg.’ The explorer looked surprised. He asked, ‘How can you confidently say that the centre of the Earth is there and not anywhere else?’ Akio said, ‘If you think my answer is wrong, find someone who can prove me wrong.’ The explorer was confused and remained quiet. Akio then requested the second explorer to ask his question. The second explorer asked, ‘Akio, how many stars are there in the sky?’ ‘That is an easy question’, Akio immediately replied. ‘It is the same as the hairs on my donkey’s body. No more, no less.’ The explorer asked how he could prove it. Akio said, ‘If you think my answer is wrong, why don’t you count the hair on my donkey. Then, match it with the number of stars and prove me wrong.’ The explorer was puzzled. puzzled Now, Akio requested the third explorer to ask his question. The third explorer had a long, white beard. He asked, ‘Akio, can you count the number of hairs in my beard?’ Three Questions 25 A Good Play
Akio said, ‘I repeat, it is the same as the number of hairs on my donkey’s body.’ The explorer decided not to question Akio any further. Finally, the three explorers left the country. The king was very pleased with Akio’s witty responses. He appointed him as one of the chief ministers of his court. – a Japanese folktale New Words Word Meaning court jesters witty considerate promptly feast hesitation puzzled Literature Comprehension A) Direct questions and answers 1) What kind of a person was Akio? What did people think of him? Ans. 2) Why did the king call Akio to the palace? Ans. 2266
3) What were the questions asked by the three explorers? Ans. B) Reference to context 4) ‘What should I do now?’ a) Who asked this and to whom? Ans. b) What was the purpose behind this question? Ans. c) How did the listener respond? Ans. 5) ‘Where is the centre of the Earth?’ a) Who asked this and to whom? Ans. b) How did the listener answer this question? Ans. c) How did the speaker react after listening to the response? Ans. Three Questions 27 A Good Play
C) Answer the following 6) State whether the statements are true or false. a) Akio was a valued and amusing court clown who was loved by all. __________ b) The fat man was putting sweets in his pocket as it was hungry. __________ c) The king was not confident of Akio’s wit and wisdom. __________ d) The three explorers were baffled by Akio’s responses. __________ e) Akio was appointed chief minister because he drove the explorers away. __________ P R Vocabulary Q Phrasal verbs A phrasal verb is a verb that is made up of a main verb with an adverb or a preposition or both. The meaning of a phrasal verb is not obvious from the meanings of the individual words. Three types of phrasal verbs can be formed from a single-word verb. Verb Definition Example Single-word verb look direct your eyes in You must look a certain direction before you leap. Phrasal verb + adverb look up search for and You can look verb find information in up the word in a reference book a dictionary. verb + look after take care of Who is looking preposition look forward to after the baby? verb + adverb anticipate with I look forward to + preposition pleasure meeting you. A few other examples of phrasal verbs are as follows: Phrasal verb Definition Example break down stop working He was late because his car broke down. 2288
Phrasal verb Definition Example get away put off go on a We worked so hard last year that we had to get drop back vacation away for a week. postpone We will have to put off the meeting. move back Andrea dropped back to third place when she in a position/ fell off her bike. group 7) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrases from the box to make meaningful sentences. take down got back to got over call off a) T hey have decided to _________________________________ the protest and return to work. b) When are you going to _________________________________ those decorations? The wedding was two weeks ago! c) I finally _________________________________ my novel and finished it. d) I just _________________________________ the flu, and now my sister has it. I Feel 8) W hy do you think the third explorer did not question Akio about his answer? Would it have been wise to do so? Ans. 9) Have you ever come across a witty person like Akio? Describe the person who reminds you of Akio, the witty court jester. Ans. Three Questions 29 A Good Play
I Speak Nowadays, we mostly see clowns in circuses and comedians in shows or on TV. They perform for large audiences and entertain everyone. Have you ever tried to speak to clowns or the other members of a circus? What do you think motivates them to entertain and put up shows for the public? Try to interview a person who entertains others. It could be a clown, comedian, storyteller, magician, trapeze artist or a tightrope walker. Share this interview with your classmates. A few questions that you can ask are: What got you interested Since when have you in this art form? been working in this field? W hy do you like to W ho taught you entertain people? this art? Divide the class into groups of three or four. Each group prepares an act in which all the members of the group act like clowns and present short jokes or stories individually. 3300
Listen and Say Aloud Try these tongue twisters. • A tiny tiger thinks tough thoughts. • If two witches were watching two watches, which witch would watch which watch? • Each Easter, Eddie eats eighty eggs. Sentence Dictation 10) Listen to your teacher and write the sentences. a) b) c) d) e) Language Game Question game Have you ever thought of how the world would be if we only talked using questions? Have a conversation with your partner using questions only. Do not use declarative, imperative or exclamatory sentences. Only interrogative sentences! Did the conversation make sense? Was it difficult? How did you feel? Listening Audio 11) What is the innermost layer of the Earth called? [ ] a) mantle b) crust c) upper mantle d) core Three Questions 31 A Good Play
12) What is the Earth’s crust made up of? [ ] a) molten lava b) water c) huge rocks d) sand [ ] 13) Which machine measures earthquakes? [ ] a) seismograph b) scale c) barometer d) thermometer [ ] 14) Why does the pressure under the Earth increase? a) because of earthquakes b) because of the plates rubbing together c) due to cold d) because of the weight of people 15) How does the Earth ease the increased pressure? a) by causing rain b) by keeping it inside the crust c) by causing famines d) by trembling and breaking apart Connect the Dots Science Fun One of the explorers asked Akio about the centre of the Earth. Here are a few interesting facts about the innermost part of the Earth. • The innermost part of the Earth is called the core. • It is made of hot metals such as iron and nickel. • The core can be divided into an inner and outer core. • The outer core is made of molten metals because it is hot. the core of the • The inner core is made of solid metal because the pressure is great. Earth 3322
Social Studies Fun Here are a few interesting facts about Japan: • T he Japanese, like the people of many South Asian countries, use chopsticks to eat their meals. • The Japanese take their tea very seriously, often having a ceremony called the Tea Ceremony before their meals. • A traditional Japanese garment is the kimono. It resembles a full-length robe. A Note to Parent Tell your child stories about other witty fictional characters. Use stories like Chacha Chaudhary by Pran Kumar Sharma and The Common Man by R K Laxman. Three Questions 33 A Good Play
5Lesson A Lesson in Addition Peace and Harmony Warm Up • Do you like to share things with your friends? • Do you think that sharing is important? How do you feel when you share things? Let us read a play about Rohit, a very thoughtful and caring boy who likes to share his things with others. I Read Setting: The play is set in a classroom. There are colourful charts on the walls. The teacher’s desk and a blackboard are on one side. Cast: Anjali Ma’am – a young, enthusiastic teacher who is very gentle towards her students A class of twenty students, including Rohit, Ayan and Shreya Anjali Ma’am : (with a cheerful smile) Good morning, children! Class : Good morning, Ma’am. 3344
Anjali Ma’am : Do you remember what we learnt yesterday? Class : Yes, Ma’am. We learnt to count and add things. Anjali Ma’am : D o you know why we need to count? Imagine that you have a few sheep. Every morning, you let them out, and every evening, you see them safely back in. How do you know you’ve got them all back? Class :We will count the sheep when they go out and then count them when they come back. Anjali Ma’am : T hat’s good. Now, if you have five sheep and five dogs, how many animals do you have in all? Class : (holding up both hands and wiggling their fingers) We will have five sheep and five dogs, so that makes it ten animals. Anjali Ma’am : V ery good. Shreya, if I give you two mangoes and then two more, how many mangoes will you have? Shreya : Four mangoes, Ma’am. Anjali Ma’am : E xcellent! Ayan, if you have two oranges and I give you six more, how many oranges will you have? Ayan : Eight oranges, Ma’am. Anjali Ma’am : C orrect. I am very happy with the class today. One more question. Rohit, if I give you four apples and then four more, how many apples will you have? Rohit : (counts on his fingers, thinks and answers confidently) Four. The teacher is disappointed. ? Why was Anjali Ma’am Anjali Ma’am : P erhaps you did not hear properly. disappointed? Listen carefully, Rohit. It’s very simple. If I give you four apples and then four more, how many apples will you have? Rohit sees her expression and realises that his answer is not what she expected. Rohit : (hesitatingly) Four? A thought occurs to the teacher. Possibly, Rohit does not like apples, and so he cannot focus on the sum. She thinks of a different approach. Anjali Ma’am : Wait a minute. I know you love cherries, don’t you, Rohit? Rohit : (smiling) Yes, Ma’am. A Lesson in Addition 35 A Good Play
Anjali Ma’am : (with exaggerated excitement and twinkling eyes, wanting Rohit to answer correctly) Let’s change the fruit. If I give you four red cherries and then four more, how many red cherries will you have? Rohit : (again counting on his fingers, says confidently) Eight. The teacher is happy and smiles victoriously. Anjali Ma’am : W onderful! That is right. Now, if I give you four apples and four more, how many apples will you have? Rohit : Four. Anjali Ma’am : (disappointed) But, how? If four cherries and four victoriously more make eight, how can four apples and four more make up four? Can you explain your answer, Rohit? Rohit : (softly) Yes, Ma’am. I live nearby, and Kamla didi drops me to school every day. Her son, Jignesh, goes to another school that is on the way. We walk to our schools together. Today, he was crying as he wanted to eat apples, and didi said that they were very expensive and she could not buy them. If I get apples, I will definitely share them with him. So, if I have eight apples, I will give half to him. I will then be left with four apples. The teacher is very touched by this reply. Anjali Ma’am : Class, let’s clap for Rohit for sharing his apples. Class applauds loudly. ? Why did Anjali Ma’am ask the class Anjali Ma’am : I hope all of you will share your things to applaud Rohit? with your friends like Rohit. – Manjula Shukla New Words Word Meaning approach exaggerated victoriously touched applauds 3366
I Speak What are the things that you share? When was the last time that you shared something that was precious to you? Talk to your classmates about it. Divide your class into pairs. Tell your partner about your favourite teacher. Explain the qualities that you like about them. Ask your partner to share who their favourite teacher is and why. Listen and Say Aloud Try this fun tongue twister. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked. If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, where are the pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? Word Dictation 1) Listen to your teacher and write the words. c) a) b) f) d) e) i) g) h) Language Game Spell that! Stand in a circle with the rest of your classmates. Your teacher will stand at the centre of the circle. The teacher will point to any student and say a word from the play that you have just read. A Lesson in Addition 37 A Good Play
The student will have to spell out the word. This student will then point to somebody else, and the teacher will give the next word to spell out. Listening Audio 2) What were the names of the two friends? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3) What were the things that the two friends did together? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4) What type of food were the two friends learning to cook? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5) What did the two friends prepare for the cooking competition? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6) What lesson did the two friends learn? Ans. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Connect the Dots Maths Fun Kattoor, a village, had 9,901 people before a railway station was constructed. Now, 3,824 more people have moved to Kattoor. How many people live in Kattoor now? 3388
Science Fun Did you know that some animals can also do simple mathematical operations such as addition and subtraction? Monkeys, horses and lions can count. Dogs can count too but not as well as these other animals. A Note to Parent Find out about the ‘Joy of Giving Week’. Ask your child to pack old toys and clothes, which are still in good condition, to give away to the less privileged. By doing this, you are encouraging your child to share. A Lesson in Addition 39 A Good Play
6Lesson Paper Boats The World Around Us Warm Up • Have you ever made boats, birds, boxes or other things by folding paper? • Imagine that you make a paper boat that can magically travel long distances. Where would you like it to travel and why? About the Poet Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941) was a Bengali author and poet. He contributed greatly to Bengali literature and music. His best-known works are Gitanjali, Gora and Ghaire Baire. In 1913, he became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Two nations chose his poems as national anthems: India’s ‘Jana Gana Mana’ and Bangladesh’s ‘Amar Shonar Bangla’. Let us read a poem about a child who floats paper boats and what he thinks as the boat floats in the water. I Read ? What does the child in the poem Day by day I float my paper boats one by one float down the down the running stream. running stream? 4400
In big black letters, I write my name on them and the name of the village where I live. I hope that someone in some strange land will find them and know who I am. I load my little boats with shiuli flower from our garden, and hope that these blooms of the dawn will be carried safely to land in the night. I launch my paper boats and look up into the sky and see the shiuli little clouds setting thee white bulging sails. ? What does the child dream of I know not what playmate of mine in the sky when night comes? sends them down the air to race with my boats! When night comes I bury my face in my arms and dream that my paper boats float on and on under the midnight stars. The fairies of sleep are sailing in them, and the lading ins their baskets full of dreams. – Rabindranath Tagore New Words Word Meaning shiuli launch Literature Comprehension bulging lading A) Direct questions and answers 1) What does the child write on the paper boats? Ans. Paper Boats 41 A Good Play
2) W hich flowers does the child load his boats with? From where does he get these flowers? Ans. 3) What does the child see when he looks up at the sky? Ans. B) Reference to context 4) ‘I know not what playmate of mine in the sky sends them down the air to race with my boats!’ a) Who says this and to whom? Ans. b) What does ‘them’ refer to? Ans. c) Why does the speaker say that a playmate of his has sent them? Ans. 5) ‘The fairies of sleep are sailing in them, and the lading ins their baskets full of dreams.’ a) What do the fairies of sleep sail in? Ans. b) What cargoes or loads are being carried? Ans. c) Why does the child mention sleep and dreams? Ans. C) Answer the following 6) Fill in the blanks with words from the poem. a) Day by day I float my paper boats one by one down the running ___________. b) I hope that someone in some ___________ land will find them and know who I am. 4422
c) I load my little boats with ___________ flower from our garden, and hope that these blooms of the dawn will be carried safely to land in the night. d) I launch my paper boats and look up into the sky and see the little clouds setting thee white ___________ sails. e) W hen night comes I bury my face in my arms and dream that my paper boats float on and on under the ___________ stars. PR Vocabulary Q Dictionary work A dictionary is a book that has alphabetically arranged words. It tells us the meanings of all words. It also gives additional information about a word, such as its part of a dictionary speech, synonyms, antonyms and its different usages. People also refer to online dictionaries nowadays. Here is what a webpage of an online dictionary looks like. Paper Boats 43 A Good Play
7) L ook up the following words in a dictionary. Write their meanings and parts of speech based on the usages in the poem. Also, write a synonym for each word. Word Part of speech Meaning Synonym a) stream b) strange c) blooms d) know Write one sentence each using the words. a) b) c) d) I Feel 8) D o you think that the child in the poem wants to make new friends? Explain your answer. Ans. 9) W hat would you write on a paper boat that you have made? Why? Ans. 4444
I Speak Read another poem by Rabindranath Tagore. Flower Pluck this little flower and take it, delay not! I fear lest it droop and drop into the dust. I may not find a place in thy garland, but honour it with a touch of pain from thy hand and pluck it. I fear lest the day end before I am aware, and the time of offering go by. Though its colour be not deep and its smell be faint, use this flower in thy service and pluck it while there is time. You just read a poem by Rabindranath Tagore. Divide your class into two groups. Read the poem aloud and understand the meaning of each line. Then, write down the summary of the poem based on your understanding. The groups then come together and discuss the poem. Your teacher will also help you with ideas. Listen and Say Aloud Words shiuli dawn carried launch bulging bury fairies lading Sentence Dictation 10) Listen to your teacher and write the sentences. a) b) Paper Boats 45 A Good Play
c) d) e) Language Game Repeat that! Repetition is a poetic device that enhances the flow of poetry. It also stresses on an idea or thought. It makes poems easy to remember for younger children. Examples: • Day by day I float my paper boats one by one down the running stream. • Row, row, row your boat! Divide your class into pairs. Each pair: • chooses a topic. • brainstorms ideas around that topic. • writes down their thoughts. • creates a short poem where at least one line has repetition in it. • shares the poem with the class. Listening Audio 11) What does a watchdog do? [ ] a) helps blind people across the road c) helps people swim b) helps deaf people hear d) helps people watch TV 4466
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