51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 51 Module 4 47 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
R2 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. The kingfisher is a small to medium-sized, colourful bird, generally found close to water. There are nearly 100 different species of kingfishers around the world. Kingfishers feed mainly on fish but also eat insects, frogs and crayfish. Kingfisher species that live in the woodlands occasionally eat reptiles, birds and even small mammals. There are three main types of kingfishers around the globe: the river kingfishers, the tree kingfishers and the water kingfishers. All of them have large heads, long, sharp, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails. Kingfishers are well known for their brightly coloured feathers that range in colour from black to red to green. Due to their generally small size, kingfishers have a number of predators. The main predators who prey on kingfishers are foxes, raccoons, cats and snakes, but kingfishers are also preyed upon by other small mammals and large birds. Many kingfisher species are considered to be threatened species. Their numbers have been declining mainly due to habitat loss. These threatened kingfisher species inhabit woodlands and forests. Their habitat is being destroyed due to deforestation that is occurring around the world. 1) What do kingfishers mainly feed on? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Who are the main predators of kingfishers? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 48 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 52 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Write the comparative forms of the adjectives given in brackets. a) Kingfishers are _____________________________ than eagles. (small) b) Kingfishers have _____________________________ heads than many other birds. (large) c) Kingfishers have _____________________________ feathers than many other birds. (bright) 4) The meaning of ‘habitat’ is _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) species a) sometimes 2) occasionally b) animals that hunt other animals 3) predators c) type or kind Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Joginder sat down comfortably on a chair and said, ‘Well, well. One question at a time, dear. Let me begin by saying that Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest leaders of America. He was the 16th President of the United States, from 1861 to 1865.’ Sarita bent forward and asked, ‘Daddy, was his father also a President?’ ‘No, he wasn’t. In fact, Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin in Kentucky to Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln. Abraham had an older sister and a younger brother who died in their infancies. The Lincolns moved from Kentucky to Indiana due to a few land problems in 1817. They made a living by hunting and farming on a small plot of land. When Abraham was nine years old, his mother passed away due to ‘milk sickness’. After a few months, his father remarried. Abraham’s stepmother was a strong and affectionate woman named Sarah Bush Johnson. She had three children of her Reading Comprehension 49 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 53 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
own. Abraham Lincoln grew close to her, and she encouraged him to read. Sarita looked shocked, ‘But do you mean to say that he never went to school?’ ‘He was mainly self-educated. He received formal education for just about eighteen months, perhaps a few days or weeks at a time. You will be amazed to know that he was very fond of reading. He would often walk miles to borrow books.’ ‘What kind of books did he like to read?’ ‘He read all the popular books at that time, such as Aesop’s Fables, Robinson Crusoe, Pilgrim’s Progress and, of course, the family Bible.’ 1) How did the Lincoln family make a living? Ans. 2) What kind of books did Abraham Lincoln like to read? Ans. 3) Write the abstract noun forms of the following words. a) comfortably – _______________________________ b) died – _______________________________ c) affectionate – _______________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘encouraged’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) infancy a) proper 2) affectionate b) early childhood 3) formal c) loving 50 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 54
Module 5 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Proverbs Grammar Degrees of comparison Formal Writing E-mail writing Creative Writing Biography writing 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 55 51 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) What were the names of the two friends? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What were the things that the two friends did together? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What type of food were the two friends learning to cook? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) What did the two friends prepare for the cooking competition? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What lesson did the two friends learn? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 52 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 56 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
PR Vocabulary Q Proverbs Exercise 3.1: Match the proverbs in Column A with their correct meanings in Column B. Column A Column B 1) One good turn deserves another a) Think well before you make a decision. 2) Two heads are better than one b) If we don’t waste things, we will not 3) Too many cooks spoil the broth be in the sorry position of needing them. c) Two people together can solve a problem faster than just one. 4) Waste not, want not d) Ignorant people talk the most. 5) Look before you leap e) Too many helpers can spoil the task at hand. 6) Empty vessels make the most noise f) If you are good to others, they will be good to you too. Exercise 3.2: Write the proverbs that the sentences suggest by choosing from the table below. Better late than never Cleanliness is next to Honesty is the best policy godliness Birds of a feather flock Penny wise, pound Slow and steady wins the together foolish race 1) Rakesh started his own restaurant at the age of sixty. Proverb: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Module 5 53 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 57 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
2) Sita bought a cheap dress from the store but spent a lot more money in getting it fixed. Proverb: __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 3) The leaders admitted to their mistakes and earned the respect of the city. Proverb: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 4) Tina always keeps her study table neat and tidy. Proverb: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 5) The tortoise did not give up and in the end won the race against the hare. Proverb: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 6) Rohan, Hassan and Ken share many common interests that they enjoy together. Proverb: _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Grammar Degrees of comparison Underline the adjectives in the sentences given below. Identify the degrees of comparison of the adjectives and fill in the given table. • Mango is the sweetest fruit. • The fox was cleverer than the crow. • I like hot tea. • It was an old quilt. • My house is smaller than his. • Suman’s dress is brighter than Leena’s dress. 54 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 58 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree Remember Adjectives have three degrees of comparison. • The positive degree shows the quality of something or someone. Example: I have a small dog. • The comparative degree is used to compare two things or people with the same quality. Example: My friend’s dog is smaller than mine. • The superlative degree is used to compare more than two things or people. It singles out one from the rest. Example: My neighbour’s dog is the smallest that I have seen. Regular adjectives The comparative and superlative degrees of most regular adjectives are formed by adding ‘-er’ and ‘-est’ to their positive degrees. The comparative and superlative degrees of words that end in ‘-y’ are formed by replacing ‘-y’ with ‘-ier’ and ‘-iest’ respectively. Examples: Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree black blacker blackest bold bolder boldest brave braver bravest clever cleverer cleverest costly costlier costliest Module 5 55 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 59 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree hard harder hardest heavy heavier heaviest narrow narrower narrowest quick quicker quickest strong stronger strongest funny funnier funniest In a few regular adjectives that end in ‘-e’, a single ‘-r’ is added in the comparative degree and ‘-st’ in the superlative degree. Examples: Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree simple simpler simplest nice nicer nicest late later latest The comparative forms of many adjectives of two syllables and all adjectives of more than two syllables are formed by using ‘more’ before the positive form. The superlative degree is formed by using ‘most’ before the positive form. Examples: Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree beautiful more beautiful most beautiful difficult more difficult most difficult important more important most important 56 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 60 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Irregular adjectives Irregular adjectives do not follow any set rules or patterns to form their comparative and superlative degrees. Sometimes, a whole new word is used. Such adjectives are known as irregular adjectives. Examples: Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree good better best far farther/further farthest/furthest little less least bad worse worst much/many more most Exercise 4.1: Fill in the table with the positive, comparative or superlative forms of the given adjectives. One is done for you. Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree 1) enjoyable more enjoyable most enjoyable 2) strange 3) least 4) holier 5) more qualified 6) truest 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 61 Module 5 57 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate degrees of comparison of the adjectives given in brackets. Then, sort the adjectives into the given table. One is done for you. 1) The Shanghai Maglev is the fastest (fast) train in the world. 2) T he South Pole is the _________________________________________ (cold) place on Earth. 3) I find home-cooked food _________________________________________ (delicious) than restaurant food. 4) If you walk in the snow your fever will get _________________________________________ (bad) than it was before. 5) T his dress is _________________________________________ (clean) than the one on the bed. 6) This is the _________________________________________ (difficult) decision that anyone has ever had to make. Superlative degree fastest Comparative degree 58 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 62
Exercise 4.3: Complete the dialogue using the appropriate degrees of the adjectives given in brackets. One is done for you. Neera : I am bored. Shall I ask my uncle to take us for Shalini a movie? Neera : No, the tickets are too expensive. Let’s ask if Shalini we can go to the town instead. It’s cheaper Neera (cheap). Shalini : B ut the cafe there isn’t very ________________________ (good). The food at the cinema is ________________________ (good) than the cafe. : Maybe we should go to the museum. It’s the ________________________ (close) of all, and I am too tired to walk. : Y es, that’s true, and it’s ________________________ (hot) today than it was yesterday. Let us just play a game of carrom at home. : Y es, that’s the ________________________ (good) idea. Writing Formal Writing E-mail writing E-mail stands for electronic mail. It is a means of communicating with people over the internet. We write informal or friendly e-mails to our family members and friends to ask how they are, exchange news, invite them over or to congratulate them. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 63 Module 5 59 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Read the sample of the e-mail given below to understand the various elements of an e-mail. To Hi Everyone, Subject The e-mail id or address A one-liner idea of the person or persons I have very exciting news for you! This Saturday of the contents of whom you are sending will see the grand opening of my new studio, EC the e-mail. the e-mail to. photography! Greeting and Body of the e-mail I’d love it if you could come. It will be from 10 a.m. sign off The main idea of your to 4 p.m. There will be entertainment and lots of These can be e-mail. An informal or food, so come out and enjoy the festivities! informal in nature. friendly e-mail does not need to have an Hope to see you there! Tools introduction, body or Sarita You can edit and conclusion. The ideas style your e-mail can flow as you want with the help of them to. these. You also send your e-mails by clicking on the blue ‘Send’ button on the left. Exercise 5: Write an e-mail to your cousin about a hobby that you picked up over your winter break. You can take the help of the following hints to write your e-mail. Hints: • Write an introductory sentence • Write an e-mail address. as the subject of your e-mail. • Write about the hobby that you picked up. • Write about what or who influenced y ou to take up this hobby. • Describe your hobby further. • Greet and sign off as shown in the sample. 60 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 64
Creative Writing Biography writing A biography is an account of a person’s life written by someone else. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 65 Module 5 61 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Exercise 6: Interview your favourite teacher. Write a short biography of him or her. Use the hints given below to help you write. Hints: • Describe her or his childhood. • Where and when was she or he born? • What kind of a person is she or he? • Give a few details of her or his childhood. • Why do you admire her or him? 62 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 66
Module 6 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Vocabulary in context Grammar Articles Formal Writing Editing exercise Creative Writing Story writing Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 67 63 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. [ ] 1) How do dogs help people who cannot move? [ ] a) by helping them across the road b) by fetching things for them [ ] c) by making them smile d) by chasing geese away [ ] 2) How can dogs help unhappy people? a) by saving them from drowning b) by being noisy c) by helping them across the road d) by making them smile 3) What does a dog do to keep people safe? a) they sniff out fires and notify fire fighters b) they are cute c) they are extremely fast learners d) they fetch things for people 4) What is one of the strangest tasks that dogs undertake? a) make unhappy people smile b) help deaf people hear c) chase geese away from airports d) save drowning people 64 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 68
5) What is a dog’s best work? [ ] a) being able to sniff out bombs b) being man’s truest friend c) being a fast learner d) b eing able to do strange jobs PR Vocabulary Q Vocabulary in context Context clues are hints that help us to understand a difficult or unusual word. The clue may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers, or in a preceding or succeeding sentence. The four kinds of context clues that are quite common are as follows: • Synonym clue A synonym or another word that means the same is used in the same sentence that gives the reader a clue about the meaning of the new word. Example: The new girl was an introvert, she was quiet and mostly kept to herself. • Antonym clue A word or a group of words that has the opposite meaning reveals the meaning of the unknown word. Example: Marty is gregarious, unlike his quiet and shy brother. • Explanation clue The unknown word is explained either within the sentence or in a sentence that immediately precedes it. Example: The team was elated when they won the trophy. • Example clue Specific examples are used to define the unknown word. Example: Celestial bodies such as the Sun, the Moon, and the stars are very far away from the Earth. Module 6 65 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 69 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
E xercise 3.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the options given in brackets. Use a dictionary to look for the meanings of the words in brackets. One is done for you. 1) Mala was very happy and eager (eager/scared) to go to the school picnic. She even bought herself a new pair of shoes. 2) Please hold the glass carefully; it is __________________________________ (fragile/flexible). 3) The clown __________________________________ (invited/entertained) the audience with her funny tricks. 4) I cannot __________________________________ (afford/affect) to buy the big pencil box because it is expensive. 5) We must __________________________________ (repair/prepare) for our examinations that start next week. 6) Rohit finished the __________________________________ (entire/retire) plate of laddoos all by himself. Exercise 3.2: Read the following sentences. Use the clues in the sentences to tick the best meanings of the words in bold. 1) There is harmony among the people in that community. Everybody comes together to celebrate all festivals. a) strong dislike b) peace c) laughter 2) At the sound of the bell, the children hastened towards their class. a) stopped b) walked slowly c) walked fast 3) She smiled with glee as she opened her gift. a) happiness b) sadness c) anger 4) This man used to be very lazy, but now he works all day long. a) active b) inactive c) friendly 66 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 70 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
5) My throat felt so parched that I felt like I could drink the entire stream. a) liquid b) dry c) full 6) We had the option of a hot or a cold beverage. a) drink b) spoon c) soup Grammar Articles Fill in the blanks with the correct articles to complete the paragraph. ___________ frog can live in ___________ water and on ___________ land. It is called ___________ ‘amphibian’. ‘Amphibian’ is ___________ Greek word, which means ‘having a double life’. ___________ wet skin holds the secret of ___________ frog’s double life. It can breathe only when ___________ skin is wet. If ___________ skin dries out, ___________ frog cannot breathe. Isn’t that ___________ interesting piece of information? Remember • Articles are words used before nouns. • There are three articles in English: ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’. • ‘A’ and ‘an’ are indefinite articles, while ‘the’ is called the definite article. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 71 Module 6 67 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
Remember Remember that the first ‘sound’ and not the first ‘letter’ should be considered. Example: It is an honour to meet you. We say ‘an’ honour even though the first letter in honour is ‘h’, which is a consonant. This is because while pronouncing this word, ‘h’ is silent and we pronounce the word as ‘aunur’. The same goes for words like ‘uniform’ or ‘unicorn’. We use the article ‘a’ before them as the first sound in these words is /y/ even though the first letters are vowels. Examples: A: used before singular, countable nouns that begin with consonant sounds Tejas is a little boy. She is wearing a uniform. Gagan has a mini car. An: used before singular, countable nouns that begin with vowel sounds An old man sat on the We will go in an aeroplane. They have an hour left to bench. catch the train. 68 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 72
The: used before singular/plural and countable/uncountable nouns that have been mentioned earlier • Use ‘the’ before particular (definite) things, such as specific articles, names of rivers, lakes, oceans, holy books, newspapers, well-known buildings and a few countries such as the US and the UK. • ‘The’ is also used to refer to specific locations such as ‘the airport’, ‘the railway station’, ‘the ticket counter’, ‘the kitchen’ and so on. • Use ‘the’ while mentioning something unique such as ‘the Sun’, ‘the Moon’ and so on. • ‘The’ is pronounced ‘thee’ when used before nouns that begin with vowel sounds. Examples: The Ganga is the longest river I have read the Ramayana. I liked the bag that you in India. gave me. Zero articles Remember • Do not use articles while saying general things about plural and uncountable nouns. Examples: I hate sweets made of sugar. I am afraid of heights. • Do not use articles before abstract nouns. Examples: I have confidence in you. My parents give good advice. • Do not use articles before names of people, countries, towns, subjects and languages. Examples: Sudeep is from Bangladesh. We are studying Botany. Raza is fluent in Spanish. Module 6 69 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 73 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
Exercise 4.1: Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’. One is done for you. 1) 2) 3) ________ giraffe and an ant and an apple ________ hour and ________ minute ________ umbrella 4) 5) 6) ________ cupcake and ________ Sun and ________ owl and ________ candle ________ Moon ________ pussycat Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct articles. Put where no article is needed. One is done for you. 1) Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. 2) My mother is __________ doctor, and my father is ___________ architect. 3) Ravi works at ____________ airport every night. 4) Do you have __________ dictionary with you? 5) Do not worry about ____________ Mehak’s illness. She will be fine. 6) She was faint with ____________ thirst. 70 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 74 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
Exercise 4.3: Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’. One is done for you. 1) You can see the Arabian from Mumbai. 2) I love to sip ____________ of grape juice in the morning. 3) My sister attended ____________ class at school today. 4) Raima has ____________ injury from playing tennis. 5) I gifted my father ____________ for his birthday. ____________ is black in colour. 6) This is ____________ . I wear it to school. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 75 Module 6 71 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
Writing Formal Writing Editing exercise Exercise 5: The paragraph given below has mistakes such as incorrect spellings, punctuation, capitalisation and grammatical errors. Rewrite the paragraph after correcting at least ten errors. Animals We Love We loves animals, especially the ones mentioned here. A elephant is the biggest living animal on land. It is grey big and extremely heavy. Elephants love to eat Bananas. They carry loads from one place to another, horses are farm animals. They have hard hoofs that protect their legs. They help their masters by carrying loads. A dog is a grate Companion to peeple. Dogs are obedient and loyal. They helps protect our homes from thiefs and burglars. The police use dogs to catch crinimals! Now, write the correct paragraph here. 72 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 76
Creative Writing Story writing Exercise 6: Create a story based on the prompts given below. Give the story a suitable title. a member of a group slips and falls while mountain climbing – gets stuck on a ledge and twists his or her ankle – the group members are horrified – start rescue operations – a group member climbs down to the ledge with some medicines – the others make a stretcher – put the person on the stretcher – take to the hospital – the group members are relieved 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 77 Module 6 73 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. The history of Chinese tea is a story of gradual refinement. Generations of growers and producers have perfected the Chinese way of manufacturing tea and its many unique variations. The original idea is credited to the legendary Emperor Shennong. His orders required that all drinking water be boiled. A story goes that one summer day, while visiting a distant part of his kingdom, he and the court stopped to rest. According to his ruling, the servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from a nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and a brown substance soaked into the water. As a scientist, the Emperor was interested in the new liquid. He drank some and found it very refreshing. And thus, according to the legend, tea was created in 2737 BC. Tea is an important part of the Chinese tradition. The main varieties of Chinese tea are green tea, red tea (black tea), Wulong tea, white tea, yellow tea and reprocessed tea. 1) What happened when the emperor’s servants were boiling water for the court to drink? Ans. 2) Which are the main varieties of Chinese tea? Ans. 74 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 78 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
3) Fill in the blanks with an appropriate adjective from the passage. . a) Milk is ______________________ for growing babies. b) I want a ______________________ cup of tea. c) He has a ______________________ voice. It is very different. 4) The meaning of ‘reprocessed’ is 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) gradual a) special 2) refinement b) over a long period 3) unique c) improvement Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Once upon a time, a smart boy from the city was travelling in a train. The only other person in the compartment was a boy who looked like a simpleton. The city boy, Akshay, thought he would have some fun at the other boy’s expense. ‘Hi, what is your name?’ he asked. ‘Ram’ was the reply. ‘Well, we have a long journey ahead of us. To make it more interesting, I suggest that we ask each other questions to pass the time’, he said. ‘All right’, said Ram. ‘Let us decide on a penalty. If the answer is wrong, the person has to pay 50 rupees’, said Akshay. ‘Fair enough! However, you are well educated, knowledgeable and smart whereas I am a simple village dweller. My penalty should be half of yours’, said Ram. Akshay agreed to this condition. Ram suggested that Akshay should ask the first question. Reading Comprehension 75 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 79 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
‘What is the latest technology by which seeds can produce stronger plants?’ asked Akshay. ‘I don’t know’, said Ram and handed 25 rupees over. ‘Your turn now’, said Akshay. ‘Why is it that when a handful of seeds are sown, a few germinate faster and a few don’t germinate at all?’ asked Ram. Akshay was stumped. He thought for a long time. Finally, he said, ‘I give up’ and handed Ram 50 rupees. ‘Tell me the answer’, said Akshay, watching Ram put the money into his wallet. ‘I don’t know either’, answered Ram. 1) Name the two boys in the story. Ans. 2) Who ended up with more money in the end? Ans. 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verb ‘to be’. a) What ____________________________ the answer to this question? b) We ____________________________ travelling by train last night. c) I ____________________________ Ram. 4) The antonym of ‘half’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) stumped a) begin to grow 2) simpleton b) did not know the answer to something 3) germinate c) a simple or ignorant person 76 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 80 3/19/2018 10:55:06 AM
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