Enhanced Edition 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 1_Corrected pg 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Preface IMAX partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. IMAX presents the latest version of the Summit series – specially crafted as an accompanying workbook series for the Maharashtra state board textbooks. The Summit series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005 in conjunction with the content covered and approach adopted in the Maharashtra state board textbooks. The NCF 2005 asserts: ‘Speech and listening, reading and writing, are all generalised skills, and children’s mastery over them becomes the key factor affecting success at school. In many situations, all of these skills need to be used together.’ The English workbooks and Grammar & Composition books for the Summit series strive hard to provide adequate opportunities for students to practise all the four skills: Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing (LSRW). Below are some salient features of the Summit English workbooks series: Summaries of the Balbharati English textbook lessons Inclusion of pictures for word meanings in each lesson to help students with visual clues for new or difficult words for grades 1 & 2 Meanings of difficult words from the lessons provided, along with example sentences for grades 3, 4 & 5 Coverage of all textbook questions, along with adequate space for writing ‘Quick Check’ questions at the start of every workbook lesson to recapitulate details of the textbook lesson for grades 3, 4 & 5 Inclusion of questions based on comprehension, vocabulary, judgement & appreciation and speaking skills for grades 3, 4 & 5 Here are some salient features of the Summit Grammar & Composition series: The grammar concepts covered have a horizontal and vertical progression across grades, providing a spiral of cumulative learning Inclusion of age-appropriate picture reading for grades 1 & 2, and reading comprehension passages for grades 3, 4 & 5 Inclusion of samples for format-based writing to provide for scaffolding of learning of formal writing Provision of audio pieces for honing listening skills for grades 4 & 5 Overall, the IMAX English Summit series aims to generate greater engagement with the students and enhance fluency in English language communication, while providing them with an opportunity to develop a genuine appreciation of the language and its literature. – The Authors 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 2 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Grammar and Composition Features Dictation Words from the textbook or sentences with commonly confused spellings for dictation practice PR VoDcicatbautilaorny LisDteicntiangtioAnudio Q Questions based on an audio piece for Practice exercises to help build and listening practice enhance age-appropriate vocabulary GrDaimctmataior n Writing Engaging grammar explanations and Formal Writing inculcates writing skills by well-crafted exercises introducing formal writing styles by providing samples and adequate practice R ReDaicdtiantgioCnomprehension Creative Writing exercises to foster Interesting reading comprehension creative writing by using imagination and passages on varied themes along drawing from real-life experiences with questions that focus on language building 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 3 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Class 5 1 Module 1 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 2 Module 2 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 R1 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 3 Module 3 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 25 4 Module 4 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 36 R2 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 48 5 Module 5 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 51 6 Module 6 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 63 R3 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 74 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 4 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Module 1 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Vocabulary Listen and answer Grammar Formal Writing Antonyms Creative Writing Abstract nouns Make sentences and write a paragraph Picture description 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 5 1 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) How did people travel in the olden days? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Which was the first car manufacturer to use an assembly line? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What do modern cars use as fuel? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Mention two harmful effects of modern cars. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) Mention a measure that is being taken to reduce the pollution caused by modern cars. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 6 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
PR Vocabulary Q Antonyms Exercise 3.1: Match the words in Column A with their antonyms in Column B. Column A Column B 1) absence a) forward 2) backward b) host 3) danger c) discourage 4) encourage d) internal 5) external e) safety 6) guest f) presence Exercise 3.2: Rewrite these sentences, changing the words marked in bold into their antonyms. 1) The landlord had a little kitten playing in the house. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2) The loyal friend lived across the road. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 3) Did you remember to return the books to the library? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4) It is possible to walk in this heavy rain. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Module 1 3 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 7 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
5) The maximum temperature today was quite comfortable. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 6) It is likely that my father will come home for dinner. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Grammar Nouns Read the following passage, underline the nouns and sort them into the table given below. Chander was excited on the first day of his new school. Sacred Heart Convent was one of the best schools in town. Its teaching staff were very efficient. Chander’s friends also studied in the same class at the same school. Chander wore his uniform, packed his bag, grabbed a bunch of grapes for lunch and walked out of the house. His parents, Ganesh and Neeru, his sister, Megha, and his dog, Milo, were waiting in the car for him. ‘Why is the entire family coming along?’ he wondered. Common nouns Proper nouns Collective nouns 4 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 8
Now, answer the following questions about the genders of the nouns in the table. 1) Write two masculine gender nouns from the table. Ans. 2) Write two feminine gender nouns from the table. Ans. 3) Write four neuter gender nouns from the table. Ans. 4) Write two common gender nouns from the table. Ans. Let us recall the different types of nouns that you have studied earlier. Nouns (words used to name people, places, animals or things) Common nouns Proper nouns Collective nouns Words that refer to Names given to Specific names groups of people, people, places, given to people, animals or things animals and things places, animals and things, that begin Examples: army, in general with a capital letter flock, hive, bundle Examples: bed, Examples: Chander, Module 1 lake, cat, girl, alarm Alka, Sunday, the Sun 5 clock 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 9
Gender of nouns Nouns can also be sorted according to their gender • M asculine gender nouns: These are the • N euter gender nouns: These are nouns names for boys, men and male animals. that name non-living things without any Examples: man, gentleman, actor, gender. They are used for objects and grandfather, buck, pig places. They are also used to name the months of the year and the days of the • F eminine gender nouns: These are the week. names for girls, women and female Examples: pen, box, clothes, hospital, animals. duster, sand, bus, building, pond, Examples: woman, lady, actress, November, Thursday grandmother, doe, sow • C ommon gender nouns: These refer to nouns that can be male or female. Examples: child, singer, teacher, doctor, pilot, cousin, enemy, neighbour, nurse Abstract nouns Read the following sentences: Little children have a lot of You can find useful information Our vacation was full of happiness and joy. curiosity. on the internet. 6 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 10
The words ‘curiosity’, ‘information’, ‘happiness’ and ‘joy’ are also nouns. Do you know what kind of nouns they are? curiosity a quality information an idea or a concept happiness, joy feelings or emotions Nouns that name ideas, feelings, qualities and concepts that cannot be touched, seen, heard, tasted or smelt are known as abstract nouns. Many abstract nouns are formed from adjectives, verbs and common nouns. However, they might differ in meaning from the nouns. Let us look at a few examples. Adjective Abstract noun Verb Abstract noun Common Abstract noun noun kind kindness obey obedience brother brotherhood strong strength grow growth mother motherhood dark darkness please pleasure child childhood brave bravery act action slave slavery wise wisdom laugh laughter scholar scholarship Remember • N ouns that can be seen, felt or touched are called concrete nouns. E xamples: Alka (proper noun), boy (common noun), flock (collective noun) • Nouns that name things that cannot be touched, seen, heard, tasted or smelt are called abstract nouns. They are usually ideas, feelings or qualities. Examples: marriage (idea or concept), weakness (feeling), beauty (quality) 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 11 Module 1 7 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
Exercise 4.1: Classify the given nouns as per their gender. One is done for you. rooster bush enemy empress scooter duck chef wizard Masculine Feminine 1) rooster 3) 2) 4) Common Neuter 5) 7) 6) 8) Exercise 4.2: Underline the abstract nouns in the sentences given below. One is done for you. 1) King Solomon is known for his wisdom. 2) We get knowledge from books. 3) He believes in kindness. 4) Health is better than wealth. 5) Most of his boyhood was spent living on the streets. 6) The lions disappeared into the darkness. Exercise 4.3: Underline the nouns in the following sentences and write them in the correct columns of the given table. One is done for you. 1) India gained independence in 1947. 8 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 12 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
2) The cruelty of the king made the people dislike him. 3) A pack of wolves caught the deer. 4) Hercules was known all over Greece for his bravery and strength. 5) The crowd was walking towards the marble palace. 6) Rahul bought a bouquet of roses and a saree for his mother. Common Proper Collective Abstract nouns nouns nouns nouns India independence Writing Formal Writing Make sentences and write a paragraph Exercise 5: Make meaningful sentences with the words given below. Then, arrange the sentences to make a paragraph. Hint: You can add a few lines if required. 1) sports : Module 1 9 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 13 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
2) healthy : 3) exercise : 4) fresh : 5) fitness : Now, write your paragraph below. 10 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 14
Creative Writing Picture description Exercise 6: Observe the food pyramid given below. Fill in the gaps to describe the picture and explain what each level of the pyramid shows. This is a picture of a food ________________________. It shows different ________________________ _________________. The lowest level of the pyramid has ______________________________________ Module 1 11 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 15 3/19/2018 10:55:03 AM
___________________________________________________________________________ carbohydrates. This level has cereals such as ______________________________________________________________ _________________________________. It also has bread and seeds such as ______________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. The next level shows ______________________________________________________________________. There are vegetables like __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________ as well as fruits such as ________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ in the picture. The second layer from the top has _________________________________________________________ ________________ protein. There are ________________________________________________________ as well as _________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________ on this level. The top-most level of the pyramid has _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ healthy. There are _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ on this level. The pyramid also shows ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ and also __________________________________________________________________________________ less. From this pyramid, we understand that we should eat more of ______________________________ ________________________________________________ as well as fruits and vegetables. We should also eat plenty of ____________________________________________________ protein-rich food. We must avoid ___________________________________________________________________ and too much of chocolate. Eating healthy food ensures that _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. 12 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 16 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Module 2 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Prefixes Grammar Punctuation Formal Writing Paragraph writing Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 17 13 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) Which of the following is a type of tea? [] [] a) purple b) indigo c) yellow d) brown [] 2) Where was tea invented? [] [] a) India b) China c) Indonesia d) Japan 3) Which of the following may be a reason for drinking tea? a) It tastes bad. b) It was invented in China. c) It is exported. d) It makes our body burn fat. 4) Where is tea grown? a) Mumbai b) Munnar c) Bhopal d) Delhi 5) What happens to most of the tea grown in India? a) It is distributed. b) It is thrown away. c) It is exported. d) It is sold to tourists. 14 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 18
RP Vocabulary Q Prefixes A prefix is a letter or a group of letters added to the beginning of words in order to form new words. These new words usually have the opposite meaning or a different meaning. Examples: • possible – impossible In the example above, ‘im-’ is added to the word ‘possible’ to form its opposite. • happy – unhappy In the example above, ‘un-’ is added to the word ‘happy’ to form its opposite. Exercise 3.1: Use any of the prefixes ‘un-’, ‘in-’, ‘im-’, ‘dis-’, ‘mis-’ or ‘re-’ with the given base words to make new words. 1) proper – _______________________ 2) match – _______________________ 3) respect – _______________________ 4) play – _______________________ 5) suitable – _______________________ 6) active – _______________________ Exercise 3.2: Use a suitable prefix for the highlighted words and form new words. Rewrite the sentences using these new words. Ensure that the sentences are grammatically correct. 1) He does not like pets. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) I spelt the words incorrectly. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) It is not polite to stare at people. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Module 2 15 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 19 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
4) This dress is not expensive. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) Thomas will have to do his homework again. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) This bed is not comfortable. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Grammar Punctuation Correct the punctuation in the following sentences: 1) reena is very excited to be in chennai Ans. 2) Wow what a beautiful painting Ans. 3) dad wait for me. Ans. 4) there are swings slides merry-go-rounds and monkey bars in the park Ans. 16 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 20
Here are the rules of punctuation that we have learnt so far. Punctuation mark Usages Examples It is placed at the end of a sentence or I will travel tomorrow. statement. Full stop It is placed at the end of a question. Where are we going? Question mark It is used to separate: Comma • three or more words or items in a list. • We ate chips, cake, candies and ice cream at • the person addressed. the party. • It is placed at the end of sentences • Percy, the colourful parrot that convey emotions (happiness, excitement, frustration or anger). • What a beautiful beach! • It is placed after interjections. An • Oh dear! This room is so interjection is used to express a sudden messy. burst of feeling or emotion. (Alas!, Exclamation mark Hurray!, Wow!) Many words always start with a capital letter. Remember the acronym M.I.N.T.S. for the correct usage of capital letters. Acronym Examples M : months, names of days • Christmas is celebrated in December. • My school started on Monday. Module 2 17 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 21 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Acronym Examples I : the word ‘I’ • I helped my friend with her homework. N : names of people, states, cities • I visited my grandparents. and countries – proper nouns • M y sister, Mala, studies in Bhopal in Madhya T : titles of books and movies Pradesh. S : start of sentences • Our class went to Thailand last week. • I am going to watch Beauty and the Beast tonight. • My favourite comic book is Faster Fene. • Simran went home. She met her dogs. Punctuation in dialogue Punctuation also plays an important role when we write in dialogue form. Certain punctuation marks are used when we want to show that two or more people are talking. Example: ‘Seema has a book collection’, said Rohan. Naina replied, ‘That is interesting.’ • In the sentences above, single quotes (‘ ’) are used to show the part that is spoken or quoted. • Also, a comma ( , ) is used to separate the quoted part from the rest of the sentence. • The first word within quotes always starts with a capital letter. Exercise 4.1: Rewrite the following sentences using the correct punctuation marks (full stop, question mark, comma and exclamation mark). Use capital letters wherever needed. One is done for you. 1) we will travel to kolkata tomorrow Ans. We will travel to Kolkata tomorrow. 2) do you think it will start snowing in some time Ans. 18 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 22 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
3) the food was out of this world Ans. 4) s oma has to carry a sleeping bag a mosquito repellent heavy boots and a water bottle to the camp Ans. 5) Cv raman and jagdish chandra bose are two great scientists from india Ans. 6) w e will send new year cards to samit asha rajam and ali. Ans. Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks in the following passage with the correct punctuation marks. One is done for you. ‘I think Spain is a beautiful country_____, said Betsy. Betsy loved the food and the beaches there_____ Paella_____ fried milk and tapas are a few dishes that she loved. But what she missed the most was the friends she had made there_____ Which country is your favourite_____ Exercise 4.3: Rewrite the following passage with the correct usage of punctuation marks and capital letters. One line is done for you. Yippie, I have finally learnt how to ride a bicycle. At first, I fell down a few times. i got scratches on my elbows, hands and knees. that made me afraid to try again. Mother said, The first few days are difficult, but you will be able to do it very soon.’ Mother learnt how to ride in her late twenties? This motivated me to keep trying. Do you know how to ride a bicycle! Ans. Yippie! I have finally learnt how to ride a bicycle. Module 2 19 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 23 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Writing Formal Writing Explanatory paragraph writing Exercise 5: Do you sometimes fight while playing games? Fill in the gaps to complete the paragraph that explains ways in which we can play games without fighting. Any game can turn bad if the players don’t have a sporting spirit. For a game to be fair, __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________. Remind each other about the importance of a sporting spirit. ___________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________, but do not give up or think that your opponent is better. If you are winning, _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________. __________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 20 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 24 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
_____________________________________________________________________ and to never give up without trying their best. ___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ over the idea of winning or losing. A game well enjoyed is never a loss in its truest sense. Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch Exercise 6: Look at the photograph below and fill in the gaps in the given paragraph. Leena and Sheena _______________________________________________ _________________________________. They are the best_______________ _________________________________________________________________. You will never see them __________________________________________ ___________________________. ______________________________________ quiet and shy, while Sheena is ____________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. But that does not stop them _______________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. Even when they fight, _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. Their parents are also happy because _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. Module 2 21 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 25 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
R1 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Long ago, in a distant land, there was a Queen named Rukmini. She had a large kingdom. The people of the kingdom loved and respected her a lot. One day, it was her daughter, Princess Onkara’s birthday. A lot of people, friends and relatives were invited to the party. The king and queen received them graciously. The children played happily as everyone interacted with each other. All except one child. He was very well dressed but went around bullying and picking fights with the other children. No one scolded him or tried to stop him. At one point, he pushed a small girl. She fell and started crying. At this point, princess Onkara came and stood right in front of him. ‘You have no right to do that, apologise to the girl’, she said. ‘Apologise to a girl, never!’ the boy replied. ‘This is not acceptable’, said Onkara firmly. Nobody had spoken to the boy like this. He got scared and ran to his father. His father was the king of an equally powerful kingdom. His father asked him what the matter was. The boy narrated the incident as the king listened keenly. Then he spoke out loud and clear, ‘Go and apologise to the small girl and the princess. You cannot talk and behave like this with anyone.’ The boy sheepishly walked up to the girls and apologised. 1) Why were the people invited? Ans. 22 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 26 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
2) What did the king ask his son to do? . Ans. 3) Write the past tense forms of these words from the passage. a) invite – ______________________________________________ b) speak – ______________________________________________ c) walk – ______________________________________________ 4) The meaning of the word ‘apologise’ is 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) sheepishly a) polite and respectful 2) gracious b) overpowering; dominating 3) bullying c) with embarrassment and shame Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. The emperor was very sad after the queen’s death. He would often sit in his beautiful garden and watch a fleet of swans, a flock of ducks or a herd of deer that roamed about freely. The deer had been gifted by a king of a faraway country. But nothing seemed to cheer him up. A troupe of dancers also performed at the court but to no avail. Everyone wanted to help the emperor come out of his sadness. But, nothing seemed to work. One day, a priest in the palace saw a few children playing with dolls. The dolls made shadows on the floor that appeared to dance while the children played. They tried to catch the shadows and laughed as they played. The dancing shadows of the dolls gave the priest a brilliant idea. He hurried home and got down to work. The priest first made a puppet with cotton and painted Reading Comprehension 23 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 27 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
it to look like the queen. Once the puppet was ready, he invited the emperor for a special puppet show. The emperor was not willing to come for the show but finally agreed. The priest was an old friend, so he accepted the invitation. The priest said, ‘Your Majesty, the puppet show is specially meant for you. Kindly come.’ The emperor nodded, ‘If you so insist, I’ll be there.’ 1) Who had gifted the deer? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What did the priest see in the palace one day? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct collective nouns from the passage. a) There were a ____________________ of ships sailing on the water. b) A ____________________ of elephants charged out of the forest. c) Ravi guided his ____________________ of dancers onto the stage. 4) The meaning of the word ‘demise’ is _______________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) flock a) not take ‘no’ for an answer 2) brilliant b) group 3) insist c) very clever 24 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 28
Module 3 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Vocabulary Listen and answer Grammar Suffixes Singular and plural nouns Formal Writing Countable and uncountable Creative Writing nouns Informal letter writing Dialogue writing 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 29 25 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) What was the name of the strange bird and where did it live? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What was strange about the bird? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Why did the first head say that he had the first right to eat the fruit? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) How did the second head take revenge on the first head? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What was the consequence of eating the poisonous fruit? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 26 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 30 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
PR Vocabulary Q Suffixes A suffix is a letter or a group of letters added to the end of a word to make a new word. Sometimes, there is a change in the spelling of the new word. Suffixes ‘-ive’ and ‘-tion’ 1) The suffix ‘-ive’ helps to make adjectives. Examples: • digest + ive = digestive • talk + ive = talkative 2) The suffix ‘-tion’ helps to make abstract nouns. Examples: • digest + tion = digestion • admire + tion = admiration Exercise 3.1: Form adjectives and abstract nouns by adding the suffixes ‘-ive’ and ‘-tion’ to the given base words. 1) protect – _____________________________________________________________________ 2) educate – _____________________________________________________________________ 3) narrate – _____________________________________________________________________ 4) product – _____________________________________________________________________ 5) inform – _____________________________________________________________________ 6) act – _____________________________________________________________________ Suffixes ‘-less’ and ‘-able’ 1) The suffix ‘-less’ lends the meaning ‘without any’ or ‘lacking’. Examples: • pain + less = painless (without pain) • home + less = homeless (lacking or without a home) Module 3 27 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 31 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
2) The suffix ‘-able’ lends the meaning ‘worthy’ or ‘having the ability’. Examples: • depend + able = dependable (trustworthy) • capacity + able = capable (worthy) Exercise 3.2: Make adjectives by adding the suffixes ‘-less’ or ‘-able’ to the root words given below. 1) port – ____________________________________ 2) rely – ____________________________________ 3) like – ____________________________________ 4) hope – ____________________________________ 5) harm – ____________________________________ 6) honour – ____________________________________ Grammar Singular and plural nouns The paragraph has many plural nouns. Can you underline them? The Story of Jim Once upon a time, there lived a baker named Jim. He baked delicious bread and cakes. His garlic bread was famous across many cities. Everyone loved Jim’s bread. In fact, they came from far and wide to buy loaves of bread from him. The rich and the famous came in their grand coaches just to taste his bakery products. Whoever passed by his shop could smell the sweet smell of freshly baked products. Jim loved his customers. He gave them candies and balloons. Other bakers wondered why Jim’s garlic bread tasted so yummy. 28 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 32 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
‘Had he attended secret baking classes?’; ‘Did he use special dishes, spoons and knives?’ Nobody knew for sure. There were two colourful boxes on the top shelves of Jim’s shop. Everyone tried to guess what was inside them. Perhaps they contained the secret recipes! Days rolled into months, and months into years. The boxes were forgotten. Many years later, after Jim’s death, the colourful boxes were finally opened. Two small chits were found, one in each box. They read ‘Bake with love’ and ‘Bake slowly and happily’. Everyone remembered kind Jim, and there were echoes of ‘Long live Jim! We love you, Jim!’ in the streets. Let us revise a few rules for forming plurals. Remember • Many nouns form plurals by adding ‘-s’ to the ends of words. • T o form the plural forms of words that end in ‘-x’, ‘-o’, ‘-s’, ‘-ch’ ‘-sh’ and ‘-ss’, we add ‘-es’ to the ends of the words. E xamples: tax – taxes, buffalo – buffaloes, lens – lenses, church – churches, bush – bushes, kiss – kisses • T o form the plural forms of words that end in a consonant + ‘-y’, we drop the ‘y’ and add ‘-ies’. Examples: family – families, party – parties, diary – diaries, enemy – enemies • To form the plural forms of words that end in ‘-f’ or ‘-fe’, we change ‘-f’ or ‘-fe’ to ‘-ve’ and then add ‘-s’. For a few exceptions, we add ‘-s’ to make plural forms of words that end in ‘-f’ or ‘-fe’. Examples: knife – knives, thief – thieves, roof – roofs, chief – chiefs • A few words do not change at all when they are converted into their plural forms. Examples: sheep – sheep, fish – fish, deer – deer, trout – trout, aircraft – aircraft 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 33 Module 3 29 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Irregular plurals without rules Many words form their plurals in different ways. They do not follow any of the previous rules. Singular Plural tooth teeth foot feet die dice goose geese mouse mice ox oxen cactus cacti man men woman women child children person people Exercise 4.1: Tick the correct plural forms of the nouns from the options given in brackets. One is done for you. 1) man – (man/men/mans) 2) trout – (treet/trout/trouts) 3) medium – (medii/median/media) 4) moose – (mouse/moose/mise) 5) die – (dies/dice/die) 6) ox – (oxen/oxex/oxes) Exercise 4.2: Rewrite the sentences by changing the singular nouns into their plural forms. Make changes to the sentences so that they are grammatically correct. One is done for you. 1) A child was playing with his toy car. Ans. Children were playing with their toy cars. 30 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 34 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
2) The girl chased the goose away. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 3) This person is protesting against the president. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 4) Smita went to the dentist to get her tooth checked. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 5) The woman over there wants to meet the manager. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 6) The flight attendant loaded the aircraft with food. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Countable and uncountable nouns You have learnt that some nouns can be counted and others cannot be counted. Let us recall them. Remember • Anything, singular or plural, that can be counted is called a countable noun. • We use ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘one’ before singular countable nouns. • We use words such as ‘any’, ‘many’, ‘a few’ and numbers greater than one before plural countable nouns. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 35 Module 3 31 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
• Many nouns, such as names of materials (plastic), food items (juice), resources (coal) and abstract ideas (love, happiness, information), cannot be counted. They are called uncountable nouns. • U ncountable nouns do not have plural forms. We cannot use ‘a’, ‘an’ or numbers before uncountable nouns. • To show the quantity of uncountable nouns, we use words such as ‘some’, ‘any’, ‘a bag of’, ‘a lot of’, ‘much’ and ‘less’. Making uncountable nouns countable An uncountable noun can be counted if we add a countable noun before it. Examples: • I have three packets of rice. • Soha has a few pieces of jewellery. In the above sentences, the words ‘three packets’ and ‘a few pieces’ make the uncountable nouns ‘rice’ and ‘jewellery’ countable. Exercise 4.3: Write whether the given nouns are countable or uncountable. One is done for you. 1) 2) 3) fire men food u ncountable Ans. Ans. ________________________ Ans. ________________________ 4) 5) 6) spectacles cups of coffee sunshine Ans. ________________________ Ans. ________________________ Ans. ________________________ 32 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 36
Writing Formal Writing Informal letter writing We write informal letters to our friends and family members. The tone of such letters is friendly and not formal. Read the given sample of an informal letter carefully. See the different parts of the letter and study the format. There is no need to B 12/3 Your address include the address Purbasha Estate of the person to Shillong Date whom you are writing. 23rd July 2019 Introduction Salutation/Greeting In the first paragraph, You can use a Dear Ruman, explain why you person’s first name. are writing. Use How have you been? I heard from friendly language Body Uncle that you regularly participate throughout. This is the part in skating competitions now. That in between the sounds very interesting. I would like Closing paragraph introduction and the to hear about that sometime. Ask a question or closing paragraph make a suggestion where you talk I wanted to write to thank you for so that the person about the main idea the great gift you got Grandma. can send a reply. of the letter. She was still recovering from her ankle injury and had not been Module 3 Signature able to walk like before ever since. Sign your name. How But now, with the help of your 33 you sign off shows walker she has been practising how you feel about walking again with its support. Her the person to whom morale has grown stronger and we you are writing. all believe that it was an extremely thoughtful and useful gift. Looking forward to you visiting us sometime. Lots of love, Bharat 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 37 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Exercise 5: In the morning, Rahul had a fight with his friend Shyam about who the better football player between the two was. By evening, Rahul started to feel bad and wrote a letter to his friend. Complete the letter by filling in the gaps. H. No. 12 . _________________________________ . Mumbai . _________________________________ Dear Shyam, . Iam writing this letter to . Football is a game . Football cannot be Ifboth of us were equally good, Ipromise you that Both of us Your loving friend, Rahul 34 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 38 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Creative Writing Dialogue writing Exercise 6: Write a short dialogue between two classmates who discuss their favourite activities and choices of school clubs. Hints: • They discuss the various clubs in school. • They talk about why they enjoy these clubs. • They discuss what they plan to do as club members. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 39 Module 3 35 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Module 4 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Using a dictionary Grammar Relative pronouns Formal Writing Message writing Creative Writing Diary entry Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 36 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 40
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. [] 1) What is the innermost layer of the Earth called? [] a) mantle b) crust c) upper mantle d) core [] 2) What is the Earth’s crust made up of? a) molten lava b) water c) huge rocks d) sand [] 3) Why does the pressure under the Earth increase? a) earthquakes b) the plates rubbing together [] c) the cold d) the weight of people 4) How does the Earth ease the increased pressure? a) by causing rain b) by keeping it inside the crust c) by causing famines d) by trembling and breaking apart 5) Which machine measures earthquakes? a) seismograph b) scale c) barometer d) thermometer Module 4 37 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 41 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
RP Vocabulary Q Using a dictionary The words that appear at the top of a dictionary page are called guide words. The word on the top-left side of the page tells us about the first word on the page. The word on the top-right side of the page tells us about the last word on the page. The words on the page are arranged in alphabetical order in between the guide words. Alphabetical order is the order in which the letters from A to Z are written in the English language. The purpose of guide words is to help us to find a word easily. By looking at the guide words, we can quickly tell which words will appear on a particular page. Guide words appear above the thick line as shown in the picture below. harvest 22 hasty Example of a dictionary page Exercise 3.1: Given below are the guide words on a page of a dictionary. birth 12 bleed Look at the list of words below. Tick () the words that can be found on that page of the dictionary and cross out () the others. 1) blow 2) blind 3) biscuit 4) blanket 5) blank 6) balloon 38 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 42 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
Exercise 3.2: Make six words using the letters from the word given below. Rewrite the words you made in alphabetical order in the second table. BIODEGRADABLE S. No. Words S. No. Alphabetical order 1) 1) 2) 2) 3) 3) 4) 4) 5) 5) 6) 6) Grammar Pronouns Read the paragraph and underline the pronouns. Are they subject, object, reflexive or possessive pronouns? Ravi and Sujal went to the park. They played on the slide. The boys loved it. The slide was very slippery. Meher joined them. She brought a ball. She told everybody that it was hers. She wanted to play with the ball by herself. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 43 Module 4 39 3/19/2018 10:55:04 AM
You know that naming words are nouns. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Let us recall the different types of pronouns that you have studied so far. Name of pronoun Definition Example Subject pronouns We ran a race. They perform the action in a sentence. (I, we, you, he, she, it, they) Object pronouns They receive the action in a sentence. (me, us, you, him, her, it, them) Reflexive pronouns They are used when we Rama is going to the party with him. refer to the subject of the The children cooked for themselves. sentence again. In other words, these pronouns are used when the object of a sentence is the same as its subject. (myself, yourself/ yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself, ourselves) Possessive pronouns They show ownership. (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, its, theirs) The bicycle is hers. 40 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 44
Relative pronouns Read the following sentences: • The man who was trying to cut the tree was taken to the police station. In this sentence, ‘who’ is a pronoun that relates to the noun, ‘man’. • The country that I would love to visit is Italy. In this sentence, ‘that’ is a pronoun that relates to the noun, Italy. Both ‘who’ and ‘that’ are relative pronouns. Remember Relative pronouns point out which person or thing is being talked about. They refer to the noun introduced earlier or later in the sentence and provide additional information about it. Relative pronoun Examples who/whom • M eera, who is very kind, is also my friend. whose (Who relates to the person being spoken about – which ‘Meera, who is also my friend’.) when • T he girl whom you were talking to is my cousin. (Whom relates to the girl who is also the cousin. Whom makes it clear that she is the same person.) • T he boy whose book I borrowed is my brother's friend. (Whose relates back to the boy.) • C an you tell me which road I should take? (The word which tells us that we are talking about a particular road.) • S ummer is the time when we go swimming. (When relates to summer time.) Module 4 41 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 45 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Relative pronoun Examples where that • T his is the playground where we play football. (Where relates to the place – the playground.) • I like the dress that you gifted me for Christmas. (That refers to the dress that was a Christmas gift.) Remember • W e use who and whom for people. ♦ Use ‘who’ when you can replace the word with ‘he’ or ‘she’. ♦ Use ‘whom’ when you can replace the word with ‘him’ or ‘her’. • W hich is used while referring to things. • That is usually used for things. However, in many cases, it is also used for people or animals. • If the words that follow contain important information that is necessary for the sentence to be grammatically correct, use ‘that’. Otherwise, ‘which’ is fine. Example: Dogs that bark scare me. • If the information is supplementary, use ‘which’. Example: Dogs, which make great pets, can be expensive. Exercise 4.1: Choose the correct pronoun for each sentence and fill in the blanks. One is done for you. 1) I could not find out whose pen it was. (who/whose/whom) 2) Your school is much bigger than ________________________. (our/ours/us) 3) ________________________ switched off the fan before she left the room. (He/Them/She) 4) Have you seen Sameer? I think this bag is ________________________. (his/its/him) 5) My uncle is taking ________________________ to the museum. (us/which/yourself) 6) We ate up all the mangoes by ________________________. (us/himself/ourselves) 42 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 46 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct relative pronouns from the options given in brackets. One is done for you. 1) I saw the girl who (whom/who) ate the cake. 2) We did not know the tune ________________________ (that/who) had been playing. 3) I have a friend ________________________ (whose/which) cat is cute. 4) This is the place ________________________ (when/where) we met. 5) Puneet is the man to ________________________ (who/whom) this watch belongs. 6) The car, ________________________ (which/whom) was green, drove by. Exercise 4.3: Write down the type of pronoun the underlined pronoun in each sentence is. Write another sentence using the same pronoun. One is done for you. relative object possessive reflexive subject 1) The stadium where the match took place was renovated two months ago. Ans. Relative pronoun That is the cave where the thief hid. 2) I had forgotten my bottle, but she had got hers. Ans. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3) They were at the store yesterday. Ans. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4) I cleaned the house by myself. Ans. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Module 4 43 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 47 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
__________________________________________________________________ 5) This is the bag that my mother bought. Ans. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 6) Priti looked after her. Ans. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Writing Formal Writing Message writing A message is a short piece of communication to inform somebody about something. A message may also be used to convey good wishes, thank somebody or to apologise for something. Read the sample of the message given below to understand its different parts. Salutation/Greeting Dear Sanjana, Body of the message How you address the Keep it short and to the person depends on how TdmttnhCoaoeaehkcexnaiintntxkonpgewtryrseyewoaeoesuilstruokehfm.tosomLttryuaeocetutgmo.fruroamYaseront.giidnttuIuogiirnwndstntauoetoehpntbrettphhyeoert point. close you are. city. Signature Your loving friend, How you sign off also Soha depends on how close you are to the person. 44 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 48 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Exercise 5: Write a message to your mother, thanking her for taking you to an ‘Aqua and Fish Exhibition’. Complete the message with the help of the outline given below. Dear Ma, I can’t tell you how happy _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________. You know me so well and understand ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________. ______________________ __________________________________________________________________ for taking me. You took a day off from work _________________________________________________________________________ __________________________. ____________________________________ best mother in the world! Your loving daughter, ____________________________ Creative Writing Diary entry A diary is a book in which one can write about things that happen in everyday life. People write diary entries to remember things that happen in their day-to-day lives. People share their thoughts, feelings, hopes and dreams in their diaries. 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 49 Module 4 45 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM
Look at the sample of a diary entry below. Salutation/Greeting Friday, 3rd August Day and date Signature Dear Diary, Contents of the diary entry My half-yearly exams are going on. Diary entries are I had my English exam today. Even always written in first though I studied quite hard for the person. exam, it did not go as well as I had hoped. I ran out of time and could not finish the last two answers. What hurts even more is that those were writing exercises, and I usually do well on those! Anyway, I have Science on Monday and I have promised myself to write quickly from the beginning for it. Adil Exercise 6: Imagine that you have visited a new place and are writing about it in a diary. Use the hints given below to help you write your diary entry. Hints: • Where did you go? • Whom did you go with? • W as it a town, a tourist spot, an adventure park or the countryside? • What was special about the place? Describe it. • What impressions and feelings did you carry back? 46 3/19/2018 10:55:05 AM 51704108_BGM_9789387888050_Summit G5 English Grammar Composition Part 1_Text.pdf 50
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