9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text

Here are some occupations that involve people making things. Farmer Factory worker Chef Potter Carpenter Construction worker Understanding Let us find out the differences between the ‘people who do’ and the ‘people who make’. People who do People who make Their actions are the main part of their They help us by creating or making occupation. things. Example: Sweepers sweep the streets to Example: Farmers grow crops we eat. keep them clean. We can only see the actions they do. We can see, touch and feel the things they make. We can see the work they do every day. They may take days, weeks or even Example: We can see a teacher months to make things. teaching every day. Example: A farmer takes many months to grow onions. Example: teachers, doctors, sweepers, Example: farmers, potters, factory police, nurses workers, chefs, carpenters Our Occupations 9 NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 101 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

SOME other OCCUPATIONS All occupations are equally important. We should respect all the people who do or make different things. Postal workers, nurses, painters, electricians, carpenters, mechanics and plumbers are a few other occupations. Let us look at a few more occupations. Policeman and policewoman Monitors in your classroom make sure that everybody follows the rules. The police are the monitors of our country. A police station is a place where several policemen and policewomen work. The police do the following. • They keep our neighbourhoods safe. • They make sure that people follow rules. • T hey catch people who try to harm others. When someone does something wrong, we can complain to the police. To do this, we must go to a police station. The police help us record what happened. They write down the complaint. Sweepers Sweepers keep our streets clean. They mostly work Food we get from animals during early mornings. This is when there is less traffic on the road. Sweepers work every day. They work in all kinds of weather. They work very hard. We can respect them by throwing waste in dustbins wherever we are. Farmers Farmers grow different crops. Many farmers also rear cows, hens and goats. These animals give us many useful products. Factory workers Factory workers work in factories. They make different A factory worker things such as cars, utensils, shoes, television sets and so on. They learn how to use different types of tools and machines. 10 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 102

Application CHANGES IN OCCUPATIONS OVER TIME New inventions: When new machines are invented, people who can run these machines are required. This means that new occupations are created. Example: After the camera was invented, people started A photographer working as camerapersons and photographers. Robots making cars in a Machines replacing jobs: Sometimes, machines can do car-manufacturing factory things faster than humans and without mistakes. So, sometimes, a machine does the work instead of people. This means people have to leave that occupation. Example: In many factories, cars are put together by robots. So, the people who put together cars had to change their jobs. A babysitter Changes in society: Sometimes, people change the way they live. Such changes result in new occupations. Example: Earlier, women used to remain at home and look after children. Now, women have started working. Therefore, many people have started working as babysitters. Easier way of doing things: Sometimes, the occupation remains the same. However, it is done differently. A note-counting Example: Earlier, cashiers working in banks used to count notes machine themselves. Now, banks have note-counting machines which cashiers use. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) 1) These days, some occupations are rarely practised. One such occupation is that of a ‘water seller’ or ‘bhisti’. With the help of adults, find out about occupations that are no longer as common. Our Occupations 11 NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 103 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

Amazing Facts Before the invention of machines, ice cream was made by hand. Cream, sugar and fruit syrup were hand-mixed in a bowl. This mixture was placed in a large wooden tub with ice and salt for a few hours to make ice cream. New Words 1) greengrocer – someone who sells fresh fruit and vegetables 2) chemist – someone who sells medicines 3) skill – an ability to do something well 4) crop – a plant grown on a farm for food 5) rear – raise and take care 6) factory – a place where things are made using machines 7) invent – make a thing that has never been created or built 8) c ashier – a person whose job is to take in or give out money in a bank 12 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 104

Lesson What Is History? 9 Let Us Learn About R ‘past’, ‘history’, ‘timeline’ and ‘sources of history’. U the importance of learning history. A people who study history and how they use the sources of history. h making a timeline of events. Think Mrs Irani is wearing a sari, and she is proudly showing it to Meher and Rashi. Mrs Irani: This sari belonged to my grandmother. It is more than one hundred years old! It is a part of our family history. Rashi: What is family history, Mrs Irani? Mrs Irani: Well, it is the story of your family. I know An old family photo stories about what my grandparents did when they were young. My grandfather also told me stories about his father and mother. I learned about my family’s past through these stories. Rashi: I want to know about my family history, too! QQ. What is family history? (A) a poem to learn (B) the story of a family (C) a bedtime story (D) the story of a place NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 105 13 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

Remembering The word past refers to the time that has gone by. It is the time before ‘now’. The word ‘history’ comes from the Greek word ‘historia’. It means ‘a story’ or ‘an account of anything that has happened’. Thus a study of past events is called history. It also refers to the past and all things that have happened at that time. How can we remember all the events that happened in the past? Timeline We use the correct order of events to remember and understand the past. A timeline is a drawing that shows the order of events that took place in the past. Look at the example. An example of a timeline On a timeline, the first event is on the left-hand side. The latest event is on the right-hand side. A timeline can only show the order of events that have happened in the past. It helps us to remember when events happened in the past. But how do we learn about history? To learn about history in detail, we need to know more about the sources of history. Sources of History We need objects, materials, buildings and written stories to study the past. These are called sources of history. Stories that tell us about the past are also sources of history. They may or may not be written. The three types of sources of history are as follows. Oral sources: stories, songs and poems that people remember Written sources: letters, books, plays and travel stories written in the past Archaeological sources: famous buildings, tools, clothes, jewellery and other such materials 14 NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 106 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

We use different sources of history to learn different things about the past. Sources of history What can we learn from them? Oral sources languages spoken, everyday activities and festivals Written sources laws, famous people and places Archaeological sources commonly used objects, materials used to make things Understanding The NEED To study history Different people study history for different reasons. A doctor studies history to understand the different diseases and treatments of the past. A journalist studies history to understand the present events better. An architect learns about ways of constructing buildings and the materials used in the past. The study of materials helps them understand which materials are strong and which are weak. This helps them make new buildings better. Some reasons to study history are as follows. • to understand the stories of people in different situations • to know why events happened in the past • to help us understand the changes in the world • to help us become better citizens WAYS OF LEARNING ABOUT FAMILY HISTORY Every person also has a past or family history. How can we know about the family history of our older family members? We can learn about our family history in many ways. Some of them are the following. • We can look at oral sources such as the stories that our family members remember about themselves and others. • F or written sources, we can read letters, diaries and journals of various family members. • W e can also look at old photographs, clothes, jewellery, videos and other belongings. What Is History? 15 NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 107 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

Application Archaeologists and Historians Archaeologists and historians work together to learn about the past. They find out about different people and groups. An archaeologist studies buildings, paintings, clothes and other objects used by the people in the past. A historian studies the meaning of the text in books and other documents written in the past. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) 1)  Make a timeline of your life with photographs and drawings on a chart paper. You can use the following information. 16 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 108

• the day you were born • your first day of school • the first annual day performance • a recent family holiday Remember to take the help of your family to get the information. 2)  F ind one written source and one oral source for your family’s history. Write down what they are. Written source: _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Oral source: ___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Amazing Facts Human beings used to live in caves. A cave is a large hole-like space that is commonly formed on the side of a mountain or a hill. Human beings painted pictures on the walls of the caves that they lived in. The oldest cave painting is thousands of years old. New Words 1) event – something important that has happened, is happening or will happen 2) archaeological – relating to the study of objects and places found by excavating sites where people in the past lived 3) disease – something that makes a living being ill or unwell 4) journalist – someone who writes news for a newspaper or magazine 5) architect – someone who designs a building 6) excavate – carefully dig in the ground to find objects from the past What Is History? 17 NR_BGM_9789386663214 MAPLE G03 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 109 1/7/2019 2:30:38 PM

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