181010031-Alpine-G4-Textbook-English-FY

Lesson A Musical Journey 9 Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming words Word Rhyming words Word way, day sing unwilling play – fine mine, divine – Warm Up Activity • Do you like listening to music? What kind of music do you like? • Can you say what the seven notes in music are? Let us read a poem in which the poet realises that she loves classical music. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 47 47 1/29/2018 3:39:10 PM

Reading the Text Classical music was the pits screwed up unenthusiastic Sa–re–ga–ma–pa–dha–ni melodious It was outdated and old fashioned What use was it to me? Mummy told me to practise I would run away to play That’s the pattern we followed Day after day, all the way. One day we had visitors Mummy told me to sing I screwed up my face Unenthusiastic and unwilling. Somehow I got started And found it actually sounded fine Sa-re-ga-ma-pa-dha-ni The melodious voice was mine. Then I realised I love classical music It’s heavenly and divine. – Manjula Shukla Let Us Discuss 1) What kind of music is mentioned in the poem? 2) What does the poet do when her mother asks her to practise music? 3) How does the poet describe her voice? 4) How does the poet describe classical music in the end? 48 1/29/2018 3:39:13 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 48

Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Word Meaning classical music pits screwed up unenthusiastic melodious heavenly divine Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What did the poet think of classical music in the beginning? Ans.   2) What was the pattern that the mother and the poet followed day after day? Ans.  3) What did the poet’s mother ask her to do when they had visitors? Ans.  4) What did the poet realise in the end? Ans.  A Musical Journey 49 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 49 1/29/2018 3:39:13 PM

Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Which art form interests you the most? Why? Ans.    2) You will not know whether you can do something until you try it. Do you agree? Justify your answer with an example. Ans.   Speaking Task Group discussion Divide yourself into groups. Discuss how music plays an important role in our lives. 50 1/29/2018 3:39:14 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 50

S3 Speaking Project My favourite festival India is known as the ‘land of festivals’. There are many cultural and religious festivals that we celebrate through the year. Festivals are a time for bonding with family and friends and for spreading happiness. All of us have a favourite festival. Which is your favourite festival? Speak for two to three minutes on your favourite festival. Keep the following pointers in mind as you speak: • Name your favourite festival. • Speak about why it is celebrated. • Share a story about it. • Describe how you celebrate it and why it is your favourite festival. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 51 51 1/29/2018 3:39:17 PM

R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. There was an old king who liked to ride his elephant to town just after sunrise. After the rides, he would send the elephant to its trainer and his wife, who would bathe and feed it. One day, the king fell ill, and his son decided to sell the elephant to the circus. The elephant was very sad. Its trainer said, ‘Don’t be sad. You will be taught many tricks, and you will be happy to see children who will love you.’ True enough, as soon as he entered the ring, the children clapped their hands and called out to him. Everybody loved the elephant, and he was happy travelling across the country with the circus. On one of his trips, he arrived at his old hometown. His wish to see his trainer and the king grew stronger every day. One day, he ran away from the circus and reached the palace. He was shocked to see it broken and empty! The elephant turned back, and tears rolled down his eyes. Suddenly, he heard someone calling out his name. He looked back and saw his trainer. Immediately, he ran towards him, lifted him onto his back and went back to the circus. Everybody was happy to see the elephant. The trainer joined the circus and helped in training the other elephants. 1) Where would the king send the elephant after the rides? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What did the king’s son decide when his father fell ill? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 52 1/29/2018 3:39:19 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 52

3) Write the correct pronouns for the words given below. a) king – ____________________________________________________________________ b) palace – ____________________________________________________________________ c) wife – ____________________________________________________________________ 4) Write a word from the passage that rhymes with ‘guide’. Ans. �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) trainer a) unexpectedly 2) shocked b) coach 3) suddenly c) felt upset and surprised Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. It was a bright and sunny morning. A large group of young boys gathered in the forest with their bows and arrows. But they were not ordinary boys. They were the five Pandavas and the hundred Kauravas. A fierce rivalry between them had begun to grow when they were just children. The royal children learnt the skills of using weapons from Dronacharya. He was one of the greatest warriors of his time. He had learnt the secret of powerful weapons from Parasurama. The Pandavas and the Kauravas were quick to learn. Each of them had his own favourite weapon. Duryodhana and Bhima favoured the mace and Yudhisthira the spear. Arjuna was fascinated by bows and arrows. The twins Nakula and Sahadeva were most comfortable with swords. The guru treated all his disciples equally. However, he liked Arjuna the most because Arjuna practised his art with great concentration. Soon, he became the best archer among all. Duryodhana and his brother Dushasana did Reading Comprehension 53 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 53 1/29/2018 3:39:19 PM

not like this and openly criticised their guru for favouring Arjuna. As a reply to their criticism, Dronacharya arranged for a test to pick out the best archer from among them. On that day, Guru Dronacharya asked the students to gather by the forest near his ashram. He had placed a wooden bird with a clearly painted eye on one of the trees. The task was to hit the wooden bird in the eye. 1) What was Yudhisthira’s choice of weapon? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) Who was the best archer among all? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Write the comparative form of the adjectives given in brackets to fill in the blanks. a) Ram’s house is ____________________________ than his. (large) b) This dog is running ____________________________ than mine. (fast) c) The bird flew ____________________________ than the others in the sky. (high) 4) Write a word from the passage that means ‘to do again and again to get better at something’. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) rivalry a) preferred 2) favoured b) disapproved 3) criticised c) competition 54 1/29/2018 3:39:19 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 54

Why are we studying this theme? Human beings have the wonderful gift of imagination. With the help of our minds, we can take off into other worlds and make the impossible, possible. Writers and poets are very good at expressing their imagination in words. Let us read two stories and a poem and go on flights of fantasy. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 55 1/29/2018 3:39:20 PM

Lesson The Great Race 10 Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words with more than four syllables multiplication imagination generosity personality overpopulation identification responsibility enthusiastically Warm Up Activity • Different countries and cultures follow different calendars. The solar calendar is based on the Earth’s movement around the Sun, whereas the lunar calendar is based on the Moon’s movement around the Earth. Which calendar is followed the world over? • Do you know which calendar is followed while deciding the festival dates in India? Let us read an interesting story that will tell us why the Chinese calendar is named after twelve different animals. 56 1/29/2018 3:39:21 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 56

Reading the Text Long ago, the Jade Emperor of China invited all the animals to a swimming race. He declared that the first twelve animals would each have a year of the zodiac named after them. All the animals lined up along the river bank. The rat and the cat were poor swimmers. They asked the strong ox to help them. ‘Of course’, said the kind ox. ‘Just climb on my back. I will take you across the river.’ zodiac They had almost reached the other bank when the rat pushed the cat into the water. Just as the ox was about to win the race, the rat leapt onto his head and then onto the bank to finish first. ‘Well done’, said the emperor to the proud rat. ‘The first year of the zodiac will be named after you.’ The poor ox had the second year of the zodiac named after him. Shortly after them, an exhausted tiger clawed his way to the river bank. The third year of the zodiac was named after him. The next to arrive was the rabbit. He had reached the shore by floating on a log. The Jade Emperor declared the fourth year after his name. exhausted Just then, a dragon swooped down to take fifth place. The emperor asked, ‘Why didn’t you win the race when you can fly?’ ‘I needed to make rain for a few thirsty animals and swooped people. Then, I blew a puff of wind to help the rabbit float to the river bank.’ puff ‘Well, that was very kind of you. You will have the fifth year of the zodiac named after you’, declared the emperor.  The next thing the Jade Emperor sneaky heard was the sound of the horse’s hooves. Suddenly, a sneaky snake wriggled out from around one of the horse’s hooves. The horse was surprised and jumped wriggled backwards, giving the snake a chance to take the sixth place. The poor horse had to be satisfied with seventh place. The Great Race 57 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 57 1/29/2018 3:39:27 PM

Not long afterwards, a raft arrived, carrying the goat, the monkey and the rooster. The emperor said that the goat would be the eighth zodiac animal. The monkey would be the ninth and the rooster the tenth. The next animal to finish was the dog. His reward was to raft have the eleventh year named after him. rooster There was only one place left in the zodiac. Finally, the emperor heard a grunt from the boar. ‘You took a long time to cross the river’, said the emperor to the boar. ‘I was hungry and stopped to eat’, explained the boar. boar ‘You have still done well’, said the emperor. ‘The last year of the zodiac will be named after you.’ As for the cat, he was too late to have a year named after him. He felt very angry with the rat. Since then, cats have never been friends with rats. From that day onwards, the Chinese Zodiac has followed this cycle of years that was named after these twelve animals.  – a Chinese folktale Let Us Discuss 1) What did the Jade Emperor declare? 2) Which animal came first? 3) Which were the animals in the story that were kind and helpful? 4) According to the story, why have cats and rats not been friends since the race? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word Jade Emperor zodiac exhausted 58 1/29/2018 3:39:28 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 58

Word Meaning swooped puff sneaky wriggled raft rooster boar Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) How did the rat reach the river bank first? Ans.    2) Why did the dragon not reach first even though it could fly? Ans.    3) Which animals arrived together on a raft? Ans.    4) Name the order in which the twelve animals arrived at the river bank. Ans.    The Great Race 59 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 59 1/29/2018 3:39:28 PM

Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Why is the snake called ‘sneaky’ in the story? Ans.     2) Which animal’s efforts do you appreciate the most in the story? Why? Ans.     Speaking Task Role play This is an activity to help you to practise your speaking or conversational skills in English. Conversation 1 Act out the following situation with your partner in front of the class: Situation: Mahesh introduces his cousin Anand to his friend. Mahesh: Hello, Zara, how are you? (greeting) Zara: Fine, thank you. How are you? Mahesh: I am fine too. (responding to the greeting) Mahesh: Zara, meet my cousin, Anand. Anand, meet my friend, Zara. Zara: How do you do? (responding to the first introduction) Anand: I am fine. How do you do? Mahesh: Zara, yesterday I saw your brother at the railway station. Was he going somewhere? Zara: No. He had gone to the station with my grandparents to help them to carry the luggage. 60 1/29/2018 3:39:29 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 60

Conversation 2 Enact the given situation with your partner in front of the class. Situation: A conversation between a shopkeeper and a customer. Shopkeeper: How can I help you? Customer: Can you show me some shoes, please? Shopkeeper: Sure, which colour and size? Customer: Black. And size eight, I think. Shopkeeper: How about these shoes? Customer: They seem to fit well. Could you pack these shoes, please? Shopkeeper: Certainly! Here is your packet. Customer: Thank you! The Great Race 61 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 61 1/29/2018 3:39:29 PM

Lesson Adventures with the 11 Fairies Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Here is a tongue twister to practise the ‘ch’ and ‘w’ sounds. Try saying it aloud as fast as you can. How much wood would a woodchuck chuck, if a woodchuck could chuck wood? Warm Up Activity • Have you ever sat quietly and observed plants, trees or flowers after a shower of rain? How do they look? • Do you like the rains? Why or why not? Let us read a story about the narrator’s adventures with rain fairies. 62 1/29/2018 3:39:30 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 62

Reading the Text What I am about to tell you happened a long, long time ago. I was staying with my aunty, Nalini. She lived in an old house with a big garden that had many flowers. I loved staying with her. I used to play in her garden in the mornings and then help her cook. Most important of all, I could have breakfast in bed! I slept on a sofa, which was placed against the wall in her bedroom. As I would drift off to sleep every night, drift off damp I would stare at this big, damp stain on the wall. The stain would take different shapes each night – animals, people, fairies. One rainy night, something very strange happened. I saw something come out of the wall suddenly. It looked like a human figure made of cotton, except that it was dark – as dark as the thunderclouds. I felt a human figure touch my shoulder. I looked closely and saw a beautiful woman. In a deep, sweet, kind voice, she said, ‘Good evening! My name is Storm. Don’t be afraid of me; I’m a good fairy. Want to come with me?’ She offered me her hand. It was a slim hand and smelled of raindrops. I was so surprised that I could not answer. ‘Come along, you’ll love the place I am taking you to’, said the fairy. The next thing I knew, I had been carried by her from the warmth of my bed and transported through the bedroom wall, through the middle of that damp stain. soaring We moved up, soaring high. As we flew faster and faster towards the sky, we wandered through the air as the lightning struck and thunder roared behind us. But I wasn’t scared at all. I felt confident as I held onto Storm’s hand. The rain seemed to come in waves, softly murmuring through the sky. Storm smiled at me, as we went up higher and higher. Then, just as smoothly wandered as we had ascended, we began to float back down. We descended through a fog and went towards an area filled with light. In the blink of an eye, we were bathed in sunlight and around us were seven fairies. Each was just as beautiful and kind as Storm. They all smiled at me. The fairies had thin golden paintbrushes in one hand and a painter’s palette palette in the other. Suddenly, the fog cleared and underneath it appeared flowers, plants, animals and many more things. But strangely, each one of them was completely colourless. Adventures with the Fairies 63 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 63 1/29/2018 3:39:34 PM

The seven fairies floated towards the flowers, plants and the animals. Slowly, they started to create magic with their paintbrushes. What a scene it was! I was so stunned by all this that I was left speechless. But an even bigger surprise was in store! I looked back at the path and saw a lovely rainbow! One of the fairies started to play an instrument. I had never heard such sweet speechless music in my life. I danced, sang and clapped along with them. I wanted to ask so many questions to the fairies. As I opened my mouth, I suddenly heard Nalini Aunty’s voice saying, ‘So now you have started singing in your sleep, have you? I think you need a good breakfast. Come on. I’ll bring you some hot milk and your favourite puri with aloo sabji.’ As I nibbled on my breakfast, I kept thinking whether I should tell her what I’d seen. Would she believe me? Then, she suddenly asked, ‘So, did you enjoy your journey through the damp stain?’ nibbled My breakfast was getting cold. I was also going to be late for school. I didn’t have time to answer her. Anyhow, I still believe that whenever it rains, Storm and her friends come to visit us. They leave everything looking bright, fresh and new.  (Source: http://freestoriesforkids.com/children/stories-and-tales) Let Us Discuss 1) Why did the narrator love staying with Nalini Aunty? 2) What did Storm’s hand smell like? 3) What did the fairies have in their hands? 4) What was the author doing in the dream just before it ended? 64 1/29/2018 3:39:36 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 64

Understanding the Text Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word drift off damp soaring wandered in the blink of an eye palette stunned speechless nibbled Speaking Task Pair discussion Divide your class into pairs. Discuss the following questions with your partner. Then, share your combined thoughts with the class. Did the narrator actually have that adventure, or was it a dream? Have you ever had a dream that felt real? What happened? Adventures with the Fairies 65 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 65 1/29/2018 3:39:37 PM

Lesson The Owl and the 12 Pussycat Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming words Word Rhyming words money guitar are, star, car Word note fowl honey love owl sing boat tarried ring day above nose away stood married shilling wood will grows quince hill sand willing Moon hand – mince spoon – 66 1/29/2018 3:39:41 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 66

Warm Up Activity • Have you ever seen a pussycat and an owl? Where? • D o you think that two animals can be friends? According to you, which animals can be friends with each other? Let us read a poem about an owl and a pussycat who are on a journey that leads to their marriage. Reading the Text The Owl and the Pussycat went to sea In a beautiful pea-green boat, They took some honey, and plenty of money, Wrapped up in a five-pound note. pound The Owl looked up to the stars above, And sang to a small guitar, ‘O lovely Pussy! O Pussy, my love, What a beautiful Pussy you are, You are, You are! What a beautiful Pussy you are!’ Pussy said to the Owl, ‘You elegant fowl! How charmingly sweet you sing! O let us be married! Too long we have tarried: But what shall we do for a ring?’ charm ingly They sailed away, for a year and a day, elegant To the land where the Bong-Tree grows shilling And there in a wood a Piggy-wig stood With a ring at the end of his nose, His nose, His nose, With a ring at the end of his nose. ‘Dear Pig, are you willing to sell for one shilling The Owl and the Pussycat 67 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 67 1/29/2018 3:39:47 PM

Your ring?’ Said the Piggy, ‘I will’. So, they took it away, and were married next day B y the Turkey who lives on the hill. They dined on mince, and slices of quince, Which they ate with a runcible spoon; And hand in hand, on the edge of the sand, They danced by the light of the Moon, quince The Moon, The Moon, They danced by the light of the Moon. – Edward Lear Let Us Discuss 1) What are the names of the mentioned animals? 2) Where did the Owl and the Pussycat go? 3) What was the colour of the boat? 4) How was the Owl’s song? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word pound elegant charmingly tarried shilling mince quince runcible 68 1/29/2018 3:39:50 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 68

Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What did the Owl and the Pussycat take on their journey to the sea? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What was the Owl doing on the boat? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) What did the animals in the poem do for a ring for their wedding? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4) How did the Owl and the Pussycat celebrate their wedding? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) The Owl and the Pussycat carried a few things along when they went to sea. If you went sailing for a year and a day, what would you take with you? Why? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Do you find this poem funny? Why? What are the things and words that you think are nonsensical in the poem? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ The Owl and the Pussycat 69 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 69 1/29/2018 3:39:50 PM

Speaking Task Role play Form groups and play the characters from the poem. Enact the whole poem with actions and props. Your props can be a jar of honey, a few notes of money, a coin for a shilling, a small ruler that can be used as the guitar and so on. 70 1/29/2018 3:39:51 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 70

S4 Speaking Project My favourite story of imagination and adventure Writers and filmmakers have very creative imaginations. Sometimes, they write stories that cannot happen in real life. Some stories are full of magic, superheroes or mythical creatures. They might take place on another planet or in another undiscovered world. Think of your favourite story or film in which impossible things happen. Share the story with your class and say why you liked it. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 71 71 1/29/2018 3:39:52 PM

R4 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Last Sunday, little Phulmani went to see a jatra with her parents. She was thrilled to see the jatra. The next day, when she narrated the story of the performance to the class, her teacher said that jatra is actually a kind of folk theatre. This kind of theatre is performed under different names in different parts of our country. It is called ‘tamasha’ in Maharashtra, ‘nautanki’ in northern India and jatra in Bengal. Most of these folk theatres are based on mythological incidents or characters. India has a rich heritage of classical dance forms, and each deals with a mythological narrative. The dancers wear colourful costumes and dance in harmony with music. Kathak is a dance of northern India, while Bharatanatyam, Mohiniattyam, Kuchipudi and Kathakali are all from southern India. Manipuri and Odissi are dance forms of eastern India. Such a wide variety of dance forms cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Phulmani came to know that Indian kings and rulers patronised classical music and dance in their courts. Emperor Akbar loved to listen to the songs of Tansen. Our country is so big that we have many different styles of classical music like Hindustani and Carnatic. Each of these styles began in temples and developed down the ages. 1) What did the teacher say a jatra was? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Who did Emperor Akbar like to listen to? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 72 1/29/2018 3:39:52 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 72

3) Rewrite the sentences by correcting spelling and punctuation errors. a) i am very found of signing and dancing. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ b) My favorite dance is kathak I like bharatanatyam to. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ c) I want to partisipate in a dance compitition next ear. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘mythological’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) character a) supported or sponsored 2) heritage b) role in a play 3) patronised c) cultural traditions that are passed down through generations Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Welcome to the Arctic! That is the cold, windy area around the North Pole. It includes the Arctic Ocean and the land near it. Snow and ice cover the ground for most of the year. The walrus, polar bear and snowy owl are a few animals that live in this habitat and survive the cold. A walrus spends most of its time in icy water. It has a thick layer of blubber, or fat, under its skin to keep it warm. When a walrus swims, blood flows away from its skin to important organs inside its body. That keeps heat from leaving the walrus’s body, and its skin turns white. When it is warm again, its skin turns pink. A polar bear has special fur to keep it warm. Each hair is shaped like a straw. The shape helps direct sunlight towards the bear’s black skin, which collects and holds in heat. Polar bears also have a layer of blubber under their skin. A snowy owl has two layers of Reading Comprehension 73 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 73 1/29/2018 3:39:53 PM

feathers that cover its entire body. The bottom layer, which is soft and fluffy, is called ‘down’. The outer layer of feathers is thick. In strong wind, the snowy owl may hide on the ground behind a pile of snow or rocks to block the wind. 1) Which are the animals that live in the Arctic? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What happens when a walrus swims? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Fill in the comparative and superlative forms of the adjectives. Adjective Comparative Superlative a) thick ______________________ _____________________ b) special ______________________ _____________________ c) warm ______________________ ______________________ 4) The meaning of ‘blubber’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) habitat a) soft, fine feathers 2) down b) continue to live in difficult conditions 3) survive c) the natural home of an animal 74 1/29/2018 3:39:54 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 74

Why are we studying this theme? Travelling the world, meeting people and learning about different cultures is not only exciting but also important. This is how we grow as people. But when travel is not possible, what better way than to read! Let us read a story, a play and a poem in which you get to travel along with the authors and enjoy journeys in your mind. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 75 1/29/2018 3:39:55 PM

Lesson The Herculean 13 Task Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words proven sturdy react accomplished salute pursuit firmly convincing Warm Up Activity • According to you, what qualities should a hero have? • If you were a hero, what qualities would you like to have? Let us read a story about the ‘hero’ of Rome, Hercules, who was famous for his strength and his love of adventure. 76 1/29/2018 3:39:56 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 76

Reading the Text King Eurystheus was worried. Hercules had proven his courage and strength by completing the ten previous difficult tasks that had been given to him. He was becoming popular. People had started calling him a hero. ‘The next task must be even more dangerous and challenging’, thought the king. ‘It is important that he loses so that the countrymen can see me as their hero again.’ Garden of the King Eurystheus called Hercules to his court and Hesperides congratulated him. He set him the challenge of getting golden apples from the Garden of the Hesperides. Hercules set out in pursuit of this new challenge, pursuit and on the way, he met a beautiful nymph. He nymph asked her for help. She told him to seek the old man of the sea, who was the best navigator. ‘But there is one condition – you need to hold him tight. It is difficult to maintain a grip on him. He can change forms’, warned the nymph. Hercules found the old man sleeping on the shore. He quietly moved navigator towards him and held on to him tight before he could react. The old man woke up, startled. ‘Who are you?’ he screamed. ‘I am Hercules. I need your help to show me the way to the Garden of the Hesperides. startled The old man struggled to get free. However, Hercules held on even tighter. The old man turned himself into a deer. He then turned into a kraken – a sea monster resembling a giant octopus. He tried to scare Hercules but failed every time. kraken Finally, the old man told him about the Hesperides, who were the goddesses of the evening. He said that the golden apples were in a garden on an island. To get to the island, Hercules would need to take the help of Antaeus, who was a short- tempered man. Hercules thanked the old man. After some time, he met Antaeus. ‘What do you want from me?’ yelled Antaeus. ‘I want you to show me the way to the Garden of the Hesperides.’ The Herculean Task 77 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 77 1/29/2018 3:39:59 PM

‘How dare you?’ Antaeus was angry. He attacked Hercules. Hercules fought back and lifted Antaeus high up in the air. Antaeus got scared. ‘Please put me down. I will answer all your questions.’ Antaeus told him that the Garden of the Hesperides was guarded by a never-sleeping, hundred-headed dragon named Ladon. Only mythology Atlas could enter the garden and take the golden apples. According to Roman mythology, it was believed that Atlas had been carrying the weight of the Earth on his Ladon shoulders for over a thousand years. Hercules knew that convincing Atlas would be next to impossible. So, on his way, he thought of a plan. He also knew that Atlas hated carrying the Earth on his shoulders. When Hercules reached the Garden, he said, ‘I salute you, Atlas. You have been holding the Earth for so long.’ ‘I am so tired’, exclaimed Atlas. ‘I can help you to ease the load for some time. You only have to get me three golden apples from the Garden of the Hesperides’, offered Hercules. Atlas agreed and brought back the golden apples for Hercules. He could do anything for some rest. ‘You are great, Atlas! It is quite a tough task to hold the Earth’, said Hercules. Atlas When Hercules returned with the three golden apples, the king was shocked and nearly fainted. Let Us Discuss 1) Why was King Eurystheus worried? 2) What was the eleventh challenge given to Hercules by King Eurystheus? 3) Who guided Hercules at the beginning of the challenge? 4) Who guarded the Garden of the Hesperides? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word adventure courage 78 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 78 1/29/2018 3:40:00 PM

Word Meaning Garden of the Hesperides pursuit nymph navigator startled short-tempered mythology fainted Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) Why did the king want Hercules to lose a challenge? Ans.   2) How did the nymph help Hercules? Ans.  3) W ho was standing outside the gate of the garden? What did Hercules offer to do for him? Ans.  4) How did the old man at the sea try to scare Hercules? Was he successful? Ans. Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) W hat are a few of the important qualities of Hercules that helped him succeed at his task? Ans.   The Herculean Task 79 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 79 1/29/2018 3:40:00 PM

2) G iven below are some qualities that might make a person a hero. Discuss each quality with your classmates. Then, choose three qualities that you would like to have. Give reasons for your choices. courage, humility, patience, ability to understand other people, ability to work hard, honesty, kindness, helpfulness, sensitivity Ans.    Speaking Task Public speaking Parents, teachers and other elders often give us seemingly difficult tasks to complete. Tell your class about one such ‘Herculean task’ by answering the following questions: • What was the task set for you? •  Who set this task? • What were the challenges that you faced? •  Who helped you? • Did you manage to complete the task? •  What did you learn about yourself? 80 1/29/2018 3:40:01 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 80

Lesson Beware of Mikhailovitch 14 Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words furnished gangster regal moustache fireplace scratching groceries acquaintance Warm Up Activity • Have you ever changed houses? • Do you think changing houses and going to new places is good? Why or why not? Let us read a funny drama piece about a mysterious character named Mikhailovitch. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 81 81 1/29/2018 3:40:03 PM

Reading the Text Setting: A cosy living room in a cottage in Russia with a fireplace at the back. Two easy chairs and a sofa with a centre table are the only furniture in the living room. An old, worn-out rug is placed on the floor, close to the fireplace. fireplace Cast Satish Anand – a man in his forties; Meera’s husband Meera – a woman in her forties; Satish’s wife Satish and Meera’s nine-year-old son Aditya – Yuri – the Russian landlord Valentina – the Russian cleaning lady Satish: This is a lovely and beautifully furnished cottage. We were lucky to get it. It’s really cosy. Aditya: (sitting on the sofa) I’m tired, and I’m also bored. Meera: (sitting on the chair) Don’t worry. I’m sure you will make lots furnished of friends at school. Aditya: I’m cold. Satish: (moving to the fireplace and warming his hands) Come closer to the fireplace. It’s warm. Aditya: (not moving) I’m hungry. Meera: Just wait for a bit. Yuri said Valentina would bring some groceries groceries very soon, and I’ll make you a sandwich. Satish: Meera, come here; I want to talk to you about something. Meera: (going close to him) Yes, what is it? Satish: Yuri told me a strange thing. Before he disconnected the call, he said, ‘Beware of Mikhailovitch’. I don’t understand what he meant. Meera: Shhh! Don’t let Aditya hear that. He might get scared. Aditya: I heard you! Who is Mikhailovitch? Satish: (with a forced smile) Nothing, son. 82 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 82 1/29/2018 3:40:05 PM

Doorbell rings. Meera: (opening the door) Ah, it’s Valentina. Do come in. Valentina comes in, carrying packets of groceries. Valentina: Good evening, welcome to Moscow. I have brought the groceries. She goes into the kitchen to keep the packets. Valentina: I cleaned the cottage yesterday. If you need any help, I live close by. Do give me a call. Yuri is coming to meet you, and he will give you your local mobile phone and my number. Opens the front door and steps out. Valentina: Everything is fine here, but beware of Mikhailovitch. Valentina closes the door and leaves before the family can ask questions. Aditya: Who is Mikhailovitch? Satish: (uneasily) Don’t worry; I’m sure it’s nothing. Aditya: I’m sure Mikhailovitch is a gangster. A tall, huge man with a black hat gangster and a machine gun. Papa, I’m scared, I wish we hadn’t come. Satish: Be calm; Yuri is coming very soon. We’ll ask him. Meera, please make a sandwich for Aditya. Meera: (going to the kitchen) Of course, coming to help me? Aditya: No, we better be prepared in case Mikhailovitch comes in with his revolver gun. Papa, you don’t happen to have a hidden revolver, do you? Satish: (smiling) No, son. I don’t. There is a scratching sound at the front door. Aditya: (in a panicked tone) That must be Mikhailovitch, what should we do? Satish: (opening the door a little and laughing loudly) Come in. Aditya: Papa! Be careful, what are you doing? Satish opens the door, and a beautiful, white cat walks in regally, with measured steps, goes to the rug near the fireplace and settles down. Satish: This cat must belong to the owners of the cottage, see how comfortable regally it is. Aditya: (with a relieved sigh) I was very frightened. Satish and Aditya share a smile. Beware of Mikhailovitch 83 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 83 1/29/2018 3:40:05 PM

Meera: What was the commotion? Oh my goodness, what do we have here? What a beauty! Come here. The cat ignores everyone and makes itself comfortable. Aditya: Mummy, we were really scared just now. The cat scratched the commotion door, and I thought it was Mikhailovitch. When Papa opened the door, I got really scared. Meera: (smiling) We’ll clear this mystery of Mikhailovitch once and for all when Yuri comes. Now, be a good boy and have your snack. Aditya goes into the kitchen and returns with a look of surprise. Aditya: Mummy, where are the sandwiches? There is an empty plate on the table. Meera: (stunned) I made them just now. What could have happened? Aditya: Mummy, I’m terrified. Do you think Mikhailovitch came in through the kitchen window and took the sandwiches? Doorbell rings. Satish opens the door. Satish: It’s Yuri. Do come in. Yuri: (shaking hands with Satish) Welcome to our country! I’m sure you will acquaintance enjoy yourself here. This cottage is very comfortable except for one thing. Ah! I see Mikhailovitch has made your acquaintance, naughty boy. Satish, Meera and Aditya: Who is Mikhailovitch? Yuri: (pointing to the cat) There he is. Is there any food missing? He is always hungry and steals all the food in the kitchen. Beware of Mikhailovitch! Everyone bursts out laughing, and the looks of worry on the faces of Satish and Meera disappear. – Manjula Shukla Let Us Discuss 1) In which country is the play set? 2) What was the strange thing that Yuri said over the phone? 3) Who did Aditya think Mikhailovitch was? 4) Who was Mikhailovitch? 84 1/29/2018 3:40:07 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 84

Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word fireplace furnished groceries gangster revolver regally commotion acquaintance Speaking Task Group discussion Get into groups of three. Now, imagine that Mikhailovitch wasn’t a cat after all. Think of a different ending for the play in your group. Write it down and share your ending with the rest of the class. Vote for a group other than your own that you think presented the best ending. Beware of Mikhailovitch 85 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 85 1/29/2018 3:40:08 PM

Lesson Going Downhill 15 on a Bicycle Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming word Word Rhyming word hill swift lift Word fly joy boy still air – cry – share Warm Up Activity • Do you know cycling? Do you like to cycle? Why or why not? • H ave you ever cycled down a hill? How do you think you would feel while cycling down a hill? Share your thoughts. Let’s read a poem in which a boy describes the fun of riding downhill on a bicycle. 86 1/29/2018 3:40:11 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 86

Reading the Text With lifted feet, hands still, heedful I am poised and down the hill Dart, with heedful mind; The air goes by in a wind. dart poised Swifter and yet more swift, Till the heart with a mighty lift Makes the lungs laugh, the throat cry, ‘O bird, see; see, bird, I fly. Is this, is this your joy? O bird, then I, though a boy, For a golden moment share, Your feathery life in air!’ – Henry Charles Beeching Let Us Discuss 1) What is the boy doing in the poem? 2) What kind of mind does the boy have when he darts down the hill? 3) According to the boy, how does the air go? 4) To whom does the boy compare his joy? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word poised dart heedful Going Downhill on a Bicycle 87 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 87 1/29/2018 3:40:13 PM

Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) Describe the boy’s position before going down the hill. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What happens when the boy goes ‘swifter and yet more swift’? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) What does the boy ask the bird to see? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4) How does the boy compare himself to the bird? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) What do you think the boy thinks about the lives of birds? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) The poem is about feeling joyful. What kinds of activities give you a feeling of joy? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 88 1/29/2018 3:40:13 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 88

Speaking Task Ask and answer question People often get lost when they are travelling or when they are in a new place. Imagine that your partner is a new student. Take turns and help them by giving directions to different places in your school. You could also try giving them directions from the school to your house. Going Downhill on a Bicycle 89 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 89 1/29/2018 3:40:13 PM

S5 Speaking Project Travel preparations Travelling is fun. We get to see, learn and experience many things when we travel. But before a journey, there is a lot of preparation that goes into making our journey comfortable and safe. Do you know how one should prepare for a journey? Can you share your preparation plans with your classmates? Hints: • How many days in advance do you start preparing for travel? • W hat kind of preparation is needed? (things that need to be packed, helping parents select a hotel, making lists and helping with household work before going for a holiday and so on) • What do you do on the day of travel? 90 1/29/2018 3:40:21 PM V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 90

R5 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. ‘It is a wonderful book, Maa’, Barun replied happily. ‘I am reading about Rakesh Sharma right now.’ ‘So you are reading about the first Indian to go to space’, said his mother. She sat on the bed beside her son and asked him, ‘Have you read about Kalpana Chawla?’ Barun started reading about Kalpana Chawla in the evening. Kalpana Chawla was born in 1962 in Karnal in the state of Haryana. Nicknamed ‘Montu’ by her family, she went to school at the age of three. Later, she studied Aeronautical Engineering at Punjab Engineering College, India. In 1982, Kalpana went to the USA to study at the University of Texas at Arlington. In 1988, she became a research scientist at NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, California. In November 1996, Kalpana joined the STS-87 mission aboard space shuttle Columbia. The mission flew in November–December 1997, during which Kalpana spoke with the then Prime Minister of India, Mr Inderjit K. Gujral, from the orbit. On 16th January, 2003, Kalpana again went into space. She was on board the space shuttle Columbia. After a successful flight, Columbia was lost with its crew during re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere on 1st February, 2003. A hill on Mars and a star in deep space have been named after Kalpana. Her story shows the value of hard work and sincerity that is remembered even when one is no more. 1) Who was the first Indian to go to space? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Where was Kalpana Chawla born? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 91 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 91 1/29/2018 3:40:21 PM

3) Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions from the options given in brackets. a) Kalpana Chawla was born _____________________ (on/in) Haryana. b) She was _____________________ (under/among) a group of astronauts who travelled to outer space. c) The rocket flew _____________________ (over/with) the Earth. 4) Another word for ‘answer’ in the passage is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) space shuttle a) honesty 2) crew b) spacecraft 3) sincerity c) team Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Kite flying is one of the world’s oldest sports. In China, people used to fly different coloured kites to send different messages. No one knows for certain who invented kites. Some historians believe that the Egyptians were the first to fly kites. Ancient Egyptian carvings depict men flying objects attached to strings. Some believe that Ancient Greeks invented kites, while others believe that the Chinese made the first kites. Throughout the centuries, kites have been used for various purposes. Once, a Chinese emperor who had been imprisoned was saved by a kite. His followers flew a huge kite over the tower in which the emperor was imprisoned. Recognising the kite, he took hold of the huge ropes hanging from the kite and flew away to freedom. Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity. He flew a kite in a thunderstorm and was almost killed when lightning travelled down the wet string and lit up his instruments. The kite was also responsible for the invention of aeroplanes. The Wright Brothers flew many kinds of kites and studied their movements before making the first aeroplane. Actually, the first aeroplane was a huge kite glider that was specially made to carry an engine and a person. 92 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 92 1/29/2018 3:40:26 PM

1) Which is one of the world’s oldest sports? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Who used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Write the past tense of the words given below. a) fly – ___________________________ b) make – ___________________________ c) take – ___________________________ 4) The meaning of the word ‘ancient’ is _____________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) invented a) a period of hundred years 2) historian b) created for the first time 3) century c) someone who studies and records history Reading Comprehension 93 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 93 1/29/2018 3:40:26 PM

Why are we studying this theme? Great human minds have worked hard to understand the world and make it a better place. Science and technology have changed the face of the world we live in. Let us read two stories and a poem that tell us more about the wonders of science. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 94 1/29/2018 3:40:26 PM

Lesson The Magical 16 World of Science Let Us Start Listen and say aloud According to scientists, this is the hardest tongue twister. Try it out. pad kid poured curd pulled cod Warm Up Activity • S cience is a field of study. It focuses on finding and describing the world around us through observation and experimentation. Do you think it would be difficult to live without science? • Look around you and name a few things in your classroom that are there because of science. Let us read a story that will tell us about the magical world of science. V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 95 95 1/29/2018 3:40:28 PM

Reading the Text ‘S-C-I-E-N-C-E.’ Timee was trying hard to learn the spelling of ‘science’ for her dictation test the next day. She always got it wrong. ‘Why do we have to learn spellings? Why do we have to learn history? Why fed up do we have to learn tables? And why in the world do we have to study science? Why?’ asked Timee. She was fed up of trying to remember things that she could not understand. Limee, her elder sister, was watching her. ‘Timee, science is not hard at all. If you understand it, you will remember it easily’, said Limee. ‘But Didi, even if I understand it, so what? It is the most boring subject in the world. It is just diagrams and explain-the-working- of-this and what-is-this-process-called! Humph! What is the use of science?’ Limee looked at her sister in surprise. ‘Just try to imagine your process world without science.’ ‘I can imagine it very well. There would be no science subject and no science teacher! In that period, we would watch cartoons, eat ice cream and draw. It would be delightful, Didi!’ ‘My dear sister, if there were no science, you would be living in a cave with no electricity. No electricity would mean no television or fridge. And no ice cream, eh? There would be no books and no pencils. And, just by chance, if a mosquito were to bite you in malaria the cave, you could get malaria. There would be no medicines to cure you.’ Timee scratched her head. ‘Science is a part of our life’, Limee went on. ‘It helps us and makes our lives better. Look around; what do you see in this room?’ ‘I see my notebook, pencil, my bed, Mama’s mobile phone, the fan and you!’ said Timee. ‘All the things that are there in this world work according to certain rules. Even your body. Since ancient times, people have questioned, studied and understood these rules. Then, they used this knowledge and invented new things.’ ‘Hmmm’, said Timee, thinking hard. 96 V3_Alpine_English_G4_TB.indb 96 1/29/2018 3:40:31 PM