Exercise 5: Look at the picture given below. Describe any two people in the picture in a few lines. Describe their looks, clothes, hairstyles, expressions and so on. Module 4 47
Module 5 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Vocabulary Antonyms Grammar Adjectives Formal Writing Explanatory writing Creative Writing Dialogue writing Dictation 3) Exercise 1: Word dictation 6) 1) 2) 9) 4) 5) 7) 8) 4884
PR Vocabulary Q Antonyms An antonym is a word that is opposite in meaning to another word. Examples: Exercise 2.1: Fill in the blanks by choosing the antonyms of the words marked in bold from the words given below. found loose forgot last always sink 1) We saw the twig float for some time, and then it began to ____________________. 2) Safar ___________________________ visits us, but we never see Sarah. 3) Bunty is usually the first to wake up and the ___________________________ to go to bed. 4) The dress was too tight at the waist and too ___________________________ in the arms. 5) The pen that was lost in the morning has now been ___________________________. 6) I remembered to post my mother’s letter but ___________________________ to put a stamp on it. Module 5 49
Exercise 2.2: Match the antonyms in Columns A and B. Column A Column B 1) a) construction careful 2) b) fear together 3) c) careless excited 4) d) bored destruction 5) e) apart modern 6) f) old-fashioned courage 50
Grammar Adjectives Read the passage and underline the adjectives of quality. I was lying under my cosy blanket on a cold morning. Something landed on my bed with a loud noise. I woke up. A fluffy kitten was staring up at me. It was orange and had a little, wet nose. The naughty kitten crawled into the blanket. I was happy to see it play. Remember Adjectives of quality point out the quality of nouns. They answer the question: 'of what kind?'. Exercise 3.1: Complete the story by choosing suitable adjectives of quality from the given words. One is done for you. long high sour ripe warm hungry It was a warm day. A fox entered a garden. Among the many wonderful things in the garden was a vine full of bunches of grapes. One of them was a _______________ bunch that hung over the fox’s head. When the fox saw it, it made him feel _______________. Module 5 51
But they were too _______________ for him to reach. He jumped and jumped, but he could not reach the bunch of grapes. After trying for a _______________ time, he decided to give up. ‘The grapes are _______________. I do not want to eat them’, said the fox and walked away. Adjectives of quantity I have a lot of time. He does not have any There is a little water in money. the jug. The words ‘a lot’, ‘any’ and ‘a little’ show the amount or quantity of the nouns. They are adjectives of quantity. Remember Adjectives of quantity tell us ‘how many’ or ‘how much’. Examples: some, a little, all, several, much, many, a lot of, plenty of, few 52
Exercise 3.2: Fill in the blanks with adjectives of quantity from the given words. One is done for you. much enough a little some half all 1) There is a little juice left in the bottle. 2) I have _______________________ food that you can eat. 3) Do you have _______________________ furniture in your house for twelve people? 4) Sandeep has left _______________________ of his lunch. He was late and could only eat half of it. 5) She had spent _______________________ her wealth. She was left with nothing. 6) I don’t have _______________________ time left. Please hurry up! Adjectives of number I came second in the Suraj has three bananas. There is one jug kept race. here. The words ‘second’, ‘three’ and ‘one’ show the position or number of the nouns. They are adjectives of number. Module 5 53
Remember Adjectives of number tell us about the number or position of the nouns or pronouns spoken about. They tell us ‘how many’ or ‘at what position’. Examples: Example: five, seventeen, twenty-four tenth Exercise 3.3: Fill in the blanks with adjectives of number. One is done for you. 1) An autorickshaw has three wheels. 2) There are ____________________ days in a week. 3) There are ____________________ months in a year. 4) A square has ____________________ sides. 5) Humans have ____________________ legs. 6) A triangle has ____________________ sides. Exercise 3.4: Do as directed in brackets. One is done for you. 1) I have lived here my whole life. (Circle the adjective of quantity.) 2) I have black shoes. (Underline the adjective of quality.) 3) I have two new shirts. (Tick the adjective of number and circle the adjective of quality.) 4) Today is my eighth birthday. (Cross out the adjective of number.) 5) Joey has fourth books. (Rewrite the sentence by using the correct adjective of number.) Ans. 54
6) There is hot milk on the table. (Rewrite the sentence by replacing the adjective of quality with an adjective of quantity.) Ans. Formal Writing Explanatory writing Exercise 4: Write a paragraph that explains how to make a cup of tea. Use the pictures given below as hints. pour water add tea leaves pour milk, add sugar stir strain Module 5 55
Creative Writing Dialogue writing Exercise 5: Complete the dialogue between Karim and Sanjana. Karim H i, Sanjana! How ____________________? Sanjana _____________________________________ Karim. How are you? Karim I am fine as well. What are you doing? 56
Sanjana I am making paper shapes. It is _______________________ _____________________________________________________. You should try it too. Karim I would _____________________________________________! Do you know what the art of paper folding is called? Sanjana _____________________________________________________. Karim It is called origami. Great! Let us _________________________________________ _____________________________________________________. Module 5 57
Module 6 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Vocabulary Vocabulary in context Grammar Articles Formal Writing Friendly letter Creative Writing Picture-based writing Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 5885
PR Vocabulary Q Vocabulary in context Exercise 2.1: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words from the brackets. 1) I am very thirsty, but my _____________________ (plate/bottle) is empty. 2) I spilt milk when I was pouring it from the _____________________ (jug/spoon). 3) Here is my _____________________ (bowl/spoon). Please give me some more ice cream in it. 4) My aunt served the rice on a large _____________________ (jug/plate). 5) My sister asked me to finish the curry left in the _____________________ (plate/ pan). 6) May I take a _____________________ (spoon/pan) to have the soup? Exercise 2.2: Colour the shapes next to the correct meanings of the underlined words. Use the context clues in the sentences. One is done for you. 1) The delightful aroma of food made me hungry. sound stink smell 2) Mala was inaudible. The teacher asked her to speak louder. could be heard clearly could not be heard very annoying 3) The prince and the pauper had very different lives. The prince was wealthy, and the pauper was not. a very poor person a rich person a well-to-do person Module 6 59
4) My little brother always pesters me instead of letting me work in peace. disturbs helps plays with 5) December is a chilly month; we all need warm clothes. comfortable sunny cold 6) Sim is a very warm person; she has always been a great friend to me. cruel hot loving Grammar Articles Articles are words that point out nouns or groups of nouns. There are three articles in English. Articles a an the ‘A’ is used before singular words that begin with a a man consonant sound. an umbrella Examples: a tree, a man, a uniform ‘An’ is used before singular words that begin with a vowel sound (the first letter may or may not be 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o' or 'u'). Examples: an x-ray, an umbrella, an elephant 60
The article ‘the’ is used in the following cases. the Parliament House in Delhi • before a word that has been mentioned earlier Example: I met a girl on a bus. The girl was a swimming champion. • before a word that is unique Examples: the Sun, the Moon • before the names of rivers, mountains, seas and so on Examples: the Himalayas, the Ganges Exercise 3.1: Match the pictures to the correct articles. One is done for you. 1) a 2) 3) an 4) 5) the 6) Module 6 61
Exercise 3.2: Colour the circles with the correct articles and complete the sentences. One is done for you. 1) She ate only a an ice cream for lunch. 2) My friend gifted me the a small toy car on my birthday. 3) Rita eats the an egg every day. 4) Let us go to a the school playground. 5) Ram has a an large box of chocolates. 6) We visited the an Gateway of India when we were in Mumbai. Exercise 3.3: The following sentences have incorrect articles. Rewrite the sentences by using the correct articles. One is done for you. 1) Piyush has an pet dog at home. Ans. Piyush has a pet dog at home. 2) My uncle had an long life. Ans. 3) A necklace that Iram is wearing looks lovely. Ans. 4) Danish is a simple man with an unique point of view. Ans. 62
5) Great storms occur in a southern part of India. Ans. 6) Yes, I am a artist. Ans. Definite and indefinite articles Imagine that you have a plate of biscuits in front of you. There are many types of biscuits: salty biscuits, coconut biscuits, chocolate-chip biscuits and so on. Now, let us use these biscuits to understand the difference between definite and indefinite articles. Read the following sentences. • I want a biscuit. • I want the chocolate-chip biscuit. The first sentence is about any of the biscuits that are on the plate. So, we use the indefinite article ‘a’. The second sentence is about a particular or definite biscuit. So, we use the definite article ‘the’. Remember • ‘The’ is used for both singular and plural nouns. Examples: the chocolate-chip biscuit, the chocolate-chip biscuits • ‘A’ and ‘an’ are used for singular nouns only. Examples: a biscuit, an aeroplane • We use the article ‘a’ before nouns like ‘unicorn’ because the first sound is that of a consonant. ‘An’ is used before nouns like ‘honest’ and ‘hour’ because they start with a vowel sound. Module 6 63
Exercise 3.4: Underline the articles. Then, write 'I' for indefinite articles and 'D' for the definite article in each sentence. One is done for you. 1) We have a pet cat. I 2) Give me the book that is next to you. 3) I need to complete this work before the class ends. 4) I saw an ostrich. 5) This is the dog that bit Ramya. 6) I need to buy a new pair of shoes. Formal Writing Friendly letter We write friendly letters to our friends and close family members. These are informal letters. The tone of an informal letter is relaxed and friendly. Read the given sample of a friendly letter. Use this sample to observe the different parts of a friendly letter. 64
Salutation/ 403 Prajvi Apartments Sender's address Greeting Gachibowli You can use Hyderabad Date a person’s first name. 19 October 2019 Introduction In the first Body Dear Lila, paragraph, This is the part explain why between the Thank you for the birthday card! you are writing. introduction It was very pretty. I put it up next Remember to use and the closing to our photo so that I could see it friendly language. paragraph. You every day. talk about the Closing main idea of the Guess what Mummy and Papa paragraph letter here. got me for my birthday? A Harry Ask a question Potter book! It is the first one, and or make a Signature the story is so exciting to read! Do suggestion so that Sign your name. not worry, we can read it again the person can How you sign off together when we meet during the send a reply. shows how you holidays. feel about the person to whom Please ask your parents if they you are writing. would let you bring your dolls. I cannot wait to see you again! We are going to have so much fun! Lots of love, Ruby Exercise 4: Veeru is planning to celebrate Makar Sankranti by flying kites and eating special sweets. He wishes to invite his best friend, Ali, to celebrate with him. Complete the invitation letter that Veeru wrote to Ali by filling in the gaps. 34 Lane No. 5 Guldastah Lucknow – 226012 12 January 2019 Module 6 65
Dear _________________, How are you? I am writing this letter to ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________. The celebrations are next week. This festival is very special. We celebrate it by ___________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________. Please come for the celebrations. It would be ______________________________________ _______________________________________________________. I will ask my mother to make __________________________________________________________________________________. I hope you can ___________________________________________________________________. Awaiting your reply, Your friend, ___________________ Creative Writing Picture-based writing Exercise 5: Look at the pictures given below. Describe what activity each person is doing. Porus 66
Nuria David Faiz Module 6 67
Now, write five sentences about the importance of outdoor games and activities. You can use the words and phrases given below as hints. healthy fresh fit routine fun time with mind activities friends 68
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