1310003-CSGK-G3-Integrated Book-Computers+GK-FY

CLASS 3 COMPUTERS & GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Student Name: __________________________ Class: __________________________ Section: __________________________ Roll No: __________________________ GK-3.indb 3 06/02/17 5:04 pm

INDIVIDUALISED PROGRESSIVE LEARNING PROGRAM Because no two students are the same. IMAX is India’s only customised content and educational assessment company 350 Published Books Team of IITians & PhDs IMAX has authored about 350 publications Content development and automation are which are used by more than 3,00,000 led by a team of IITians, data scientists and students. education experts. Workshops 16 Lakh Assessments IMAX has conducted teacher training IMAX has conducted more than 16,00,000 workshops for more than 8,000 teachers. assessments across 11 states in the last 7 years. Copyright © 2017 BGM Policy Innovations Pvt Ltd Published by BGM Policy Innovations Pvt Ltd This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out or circulated in any form, without the publisher’s prior, written consent. All rights reserved. No part of this publication, including but not limited to, the content, the presentation layout, session plans, themes, key type of sums, mind maps and illustrations, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means(electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior, written permission of the copyright owner of this book. This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/ have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action. Some of the images used in the books have been taken from the following sources: www.freepik.com, www.vecteezy.com, www.clipartpanda.com Creative Commons Attribution This book is part of a package of books and is not meant to be sold separately. For MRP, please refer to the package price. GK-3.indb 3 06/02/17 5:04 pm

GK-3.indb 3 06/02/17 5:04 pm

GK-3.indb 3 06/02/17 5:04 pm

TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson Page No. COMPUTER BASICS 1. HOW DOES A COMPUTER WORK? 1–7  IPO Model  Input  Processing  Output PARTS OF A COMPUTER 2. MORE ON KEYBOARD 8 – 16 17 – 26  Alphanumeric Keys  Punctuation Keys  Navigation Keys  Function Keys  Modifier Keys  Special keys  Toggle Keys 3. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE  Hardware  Software OPERATING SYSTEM 4. LET’S LEARN OPERATING SYSTEM 27 – 35  Common Operating Systems  Learning Windows Desktop Computer 3.indb 1 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Lesson Page No. 36 – 45 DRAWING AND TYPING 46 – 58 5. DRAWING WITH MS PAINT 59 – 68  Working with More Tools  Drawing a Shape  Image Selection  Clipboard Menu 6. UNDERSTANDING MS WORD  Getting Familiar With MS Word  Styles and Effects  Save and Close the File  Opening an Existing File LET’S LEARN TO PROGRAM 7. GETTING STARTED WITH MSW LOGO  How to Start MSW Logo  Let’s Learn The Window Parts  Basic Logo Commands  Entering Commands  More Commands  Exiting Logo Computer 3.indb 2 06/02/17 4:13 pm

1 HOW DOES A COMPUTER WORK? Hello, Kids! Remember me? I am Clicko. Today, we will learn how a computer works. Let Us Start Now, we are familiar with what a computer is and what its parts are. Can you identify the main parts of a computer? Let Us Do 1: Write the names of the parts in the given boxes. Today, computers are used in most places because they are fast, accurate and safe to work with. Do you know that a computer cannot work on its own? We need to enter letters, numbers and commands into the computer. This is called Data or Input. Computer 3.indb 1 1 06/02/17 4:13 pm

In this lesson We will learn about how a computer works in ‘Input-Process-Output’ Model. A computer works step by step. We can divide this whole process into three phases: 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output IPO Model A computer is a machine that works on the principle of IPO or Input-Process- Output Model. The picture below shows the IPO model: Input Processing Output Some of our daily life activities also involve this IPO model. Let us see some examples. Dirty Clothes Washing Clean clothes Blunt Pencil Sharpening Sharpened Pencil 2 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 2

Let Us Do 2: W rite the correct word (Input, Output or Processing) in the given blanks: Do You Know? The word “Computer” comes from the word “compute”, which means “to calculate”. Come on Friends! Let us learn how a computer processes input to give us output. Let us also find out the different Input and Output devices. Input Computers need data to work. Any data or information we send to a computer for processing is called input. Input is sent to the computer using an input device. Examples of input devices are: Figure 1.1 Input Example keyboard, mouse, scanners, video cameras and microphones. Processing Processing is the method of taking input data and changing it to output. It occurs in the CPU of the computer. CPU converts data from the input devices into useful information. What we see on the screen is the result of our given data. It is processed by some program so that we can have the output. 3 Computer 3.indb 3 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Do You Know? “The first CPU was developed by Federico Faggin and Ted Hoff in 1970.” Federico Faggin Ted Hoff Output Any information sent out from a computer is called output. It is the result of processing of the input. A simple example of the output is anything you view on your computer monitor. Figure 1.2 Output Example In the above Figure 1.2, data is being sent from a computer to a printer, which is called as output. This data is then printed onto a sheet of paper, which is also a form of output. Now, let us understand better with the help of an example: To know the result of 5 x 5, we type 5 x 5 = using the keyboard. So, “5 x 5 =” is the input and the keyboard is the input device. Now, the CPU solves this and gives you the result as 25. It displays the result on the monitor. Hence, 25 is the output, and the monitor is the output device. Glossary 1. Data – Information like your address, phone number, class etc. fed into the computer. 2. Input – Information sent to the computer for processing. 3. Output – Processed information sent out by the computer. 4. Processing – Act of taking input data and changing it into a useful output. 5. Compute – To calculate. 4 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 4

Teacher’s Notes • D  iscuss with students different examples of the input/output devices. • H  ave a class quiz on the terms Input, Output and Processing to reinforce the understanding of these terms among students. • G  uide and help students to draw few examples from daily life which follow IPO Model in MS Paint (as given under student’s notes). Inside the Lab Student’s Notes • Name any five parts of a computer that you see in your computer lab. • You have already learnt drawing in Grade 2 using MS Paint. To revise the same, try to draw pictures to show the stages during growth of a plant from a seed. Mark the three parts of IPO Model in the pictures as: (a) Sowing of a seed (b) Sun shining and water drops falling on baby plant (c) Baby plant turned to big plant/tree with flowers EXERCISE 1) Multiple Choice Questions: a) The information sent to computer is called: (A) data (B) output (C) device (D) mouse b) Processed information sent out by the computer is: (A) output (B) input (C) device (D) monitor c) Input to computer can be given through: (A) screen (B) keyboard (C) speaker (D) printer Computer 3.indb 5 5 06/02/17 4:13 pm

2) True or False a) The CPU was invented in 1970. __________. b) Processing takes place in the keyboard. __________. c) Mouse is an input device. __________. 3) Fill in the blanks a) The word ‘compute’ means _______________. b) Any hardware that shows information is a __________ device. c) We need to enter ___________ as an input into the computer. 4) Match the following a) Input (i) b) Processing (ii) c) Ted Hoff (iii) Inventor of CPU d) Output (iv) The act of taking input data and changing it into output 5) Very Short Answer Questions a) Give an example of Input, Process and Output from your daily life. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) Name two input devices. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 6) Short Answer Questions a) What do you mean by processing? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 6 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 6

������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) What do you mean by input? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 7) Long Answer Question a) How does a computer system work? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8) Picture Based Questions I dentify the given picture. Which part of a computer is this? Explain how it helps in the working of a computer? _ _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ACTIVITY: Complete the table. Machine Input Process Output Sewing machine Cloth, Thread ________________ Shirt Rice Cooker Raw Rice, Water ________________ ________________ Juicer Juice Telephone ________________ Squeezing ________________ Dialling a Connecting the number number Computer 3.indb 7 7 06/02/17 4:13 pm

2 MORE ON KEYBOARD Hello, Friends! I am back. In grade 2, we learned about the keyboard. Do you want to learn more about the keyboard and its keys? Let Us Start In the previous lesson, we learned that we input data into the computer. It is done using a mouse or a keyboard. Whenever we want to write in the computer, we use the keyboard. Let Us Do 1: Let us see how much you know about the Keyboard. 1. Circle the key which sits directly to the right of this key. 2. Circle the key on which the given star symbol sits. In this lesson We will learn about a keyboard, its different keys, types and their functionalities. 8 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 8

The keyboard is the most basic input device. It is made of many small buttons called the ‘keys’. It allows us to enter letters, numbers and other symbols into the computer. The given image (Figure 2.1) shows a regular 104-keys keyboard. Figure 2.1 Keyboard Do You Know? Christopher Latham Sholes (1819-1890) is known as the “Father of the Typewriter.” There are various types of keys on a keyboard (Figure 2.2) such as: 1. Alphanumeric Keys 2. Punctuation Keys 3. Navigation Keys 4. Function Keys 5. Modifier Keys 6. Special keys 7. Toggle Keys Figure 2.2 Different Sets of Keys The keyboard layout is known as QWERTY as these are the first six letters in the first row of alphabets. Let’s have a look at some keys in the keypad section: Computer 3.indb 9 9 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Alphanumeric Keys These keys refer to either letter or number keys. The number keys are located in two places on the keyboard. They are above the letters and to the right of the letters. Figure 2.3 Alphanumeric Keys Numeric Keypad It is a group of keys located on the right side of the keyboard. It looks like a calculator. It has a plus sign, minus sign, Enter, Delete and Num Lock key. Punctuation Keys The punctuation keys are related to punctuations. These are: the “comma (,)”, “question mark (?)”, “colon (:)”, “semi-colon (;)” and the “period (.)” key. All of these keys have multiple uses. For example, the question mark key (?) doubles as the slash (/) key. To type the upper symbols, we need to press the key Figure 2.4 Punctuation Keys while holding the Shift key. Navigation Keys These keys are also known as Cursor or Arrow keys. It consists of four arrows. One is pointing up, one pointing down, one pointing right and one pointing left. Figure 2.5 Navigation Keys We can also change the position of the cursor using the below keys: Page Up, Page Down, Home and End. Do You Know? This key is called the Windows Key. It opens the start menu of Windows. 10 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 10

Let Us Do 2: Draw the arrow keys and complete the below sentence: These keys are also called ______________________. Function Keys The keys from F1 to F12 are known as Function Keys. These are lined along the top of the keyboard. The Function keys have many uses. Figure 2.6 Function Keys Modifier Keys A modifier key is a key on a computer’s keyboard that is only used together with another key. They perform computer keyboard shortcuts and other commands. Modifier keys include Shift, Control and Alt. Example, in many text editor programs pressing the Ctrl+A, will select all text. When the Shift key is pressed at the same time as a letter Figure 2.7 Modifier Keys key, an uppercase version of that letter is produced. For other non-letter keys, this action provides the symbol that is the main on the key. These shortcuts are useful to manage files. Ctrl+S Save Ctrl+C Copy Ctrl+O Open Ctrl+V Paste Ctrl+N New Ctrl+X Cut Ctrl+Z Undo Ctrl+A Select All Computer 3.indb 11 11 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Let Us Do 3: Look at the keyboard and write the keys which you will press to get the below sign on the screen. One has been done for you. shift + 5_______ ______________________ ______________________ Special Keys Special Keys on the keyboard have specific tasks. Tab - Moves between the items or move forward five characters. Esc Key – Is used to cancel/stop any command. Spacebar Key – Is the longest key on the keyboard. It is used to give one space while typing. Backspace Key – Is used to erase letters towards the left of the cursor. Delete Key – Is used to remove letters towards the right of the cursor or delete selected text or objects. Insert key- Is used to insert any letter or image while typing. Prt Scr Key - Pressing the Print Screen key captures an image of your entire screen. Let Us Do 4: Meena has typed the following sentence on the screen but forgot to use spacebar keys to separate words. Mark with a colour pencil where she should have pressed spacebar key. Ilikereadingbooksandwatchingcartoons. Toggle Keys. A toggle key is a key that is used to turn a function on or off. Caps lock key and Num lock key are examples of toggle keys. Num Lock - Turning the Num Lock on allows us to use the numbers on the keypad. When the Num Lock key is off, the arrows and special keys on the number pad are active. Caps Lock - When we press the Caps Lock key, the feature is ON that lets us type capital letters. To go back to typing lower case letters, press the Caps Lock key again. 12 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 12

Let Us Do 5: Sam wrote the names of his five friends on the computer. Mark the ones whose was written with caps lock on. AVANTIKA ANIRUDH VIVAN bella mihika Glossary 1. Keyboard – Primary input device of a computer. 2. Alphanumeric Keys – Alphabet and Number keys. 3. Function Keys – Keys F1 to F12, have special function sets. 4. CapsLock – Enables or disables all the letters from being typed in uppercase. 5. Enter Key – Used to send the cursor to the next line or execute a command or operation. 6. Prt Scr - Sends the current screen image to the computer clipboard or the printer. 7. Toggle - Switches a feature on a computer on and off by pressing the same button or key. Inside the Lab Let’s practice a little of what we just learnt. Teacher’s Notes • Explain to the students about different types of keys on the keyboard. Also, it must be explained that there are several types of keyboards available. • Give enough practice on using both their hands to type on the keyboard. • O pen Notepad and help students to practice typing and complete the activities given in the lesson. Computer 3.indb 13 13 06/02/17 4:13 pm

• Explain to the students the different functions of modifier keys. • Emphasize the difference between the CAPS LOCK and the SHIFT keys. Let students try using the SHIFT key with alphabet key while the CAPS LOCK is ON. Student’s Notes • Open Notepad and type your name in capital letters. Then write three sentences about your school using proper punctuation. • Write the names of any five states of India in Notepad. EXERCISE 1) Multiple Choice Questions a) Keyboard was developed by: (B) Christian Shol (D) Bill Gates (A) Christopher Sholes (C) Steven Shale (C) typewriter b) The modern Keyboard is based on: (A) printer (B) black Board (D) mouse c) The keys on a keyboard used with other keys are called: (A) toggle keys (B) modifier keys (C) alphabet keys (D) symbols 2) True or False a) A keyboard in general has more than 100 keys. __________ b) The Keyboard can be used to draw pictures. __________ c) T o type “&” using a keyboard, we use number key 8 along with Shift key. ___________ 3) Fill in the blanks a) A key that begins with ‘C’ that is used for shortcuts is called _____________ key. b) Esc key is also called _______________ key. c) ________________ key enables or disables all the letters from being typed in uppercase. 14 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 14

4) Match the following (i) Toggle key (ii) Print Screen a) (iii) Start Menu b) c) d) (iv) Longest key 5) Very Short Answer Questions a) Which key is used to move the cursor to the right by many spaces? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) Name the modifier keys. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 6) Short Answer Questions a) W  rite the difference between Backspace and Delete key along with examples. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) Describe the Toggle keys. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 7) Long Answer Question Describe the special keys of the keyboard along with their functions. Computer 3.indb 15 15 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8) Picture Based Question F  ill in the blank Keyboard: Match the colour codes with the type of keys they indicate: E Navigation keys Function keys Control keys Numeric keys Typing (alphanumeric) keys ACTIVITY: Write down the keys that you will press to enter the following. (An example is given). Know@ type Caps on K Caps off N O W Shift and @ Space T Y P Com#pute EA gle 16 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 16

3 Hardware AND Software Friends, by now, we know about the different computer devices and the way they work. Do you remember the types of devices? Let’s recall and learn more about these. Let Us Start The invention of the computer has had a huge impact on our day-to-day lives. They are now present all over – at home, at work, and in school. In the first lesson, we learned that computer works on the principle of Input-Process- Output model. It accepts data, processes and gives the result. Input devices are used to get data into the system. The output devices show results of processing. Do you remember the names of Input or output devices? Can you identify them? Let Us Do 1: List the devices and decide whether each device in the box is an input or output device. Device Input Or Output Keyboard, monitor, speaker, scanner, printer, mouse, microphone, joystick, webcam, projector Computer 3.indb 17 17 2/22/2017 11:09:40 PM

A computer system consists of two major elements. They are Hardware and Software. To make all input and output devices work together, we need both hardware and software. In this lesson We will learn • The hardware and software components of a computer • Functions of different computer parts Hardware is the physical parts of the computer. Computer Software is the programs that run on a computer. Without hardware, the software would not be able to run. They need each other. Hardware Hardware Software Computer hardware refers to the electronic parts that we can touch and feel. It includes all the input and output devices that we learned earlier. The devices which are connected to the CPU by wires or wirelessly are known as Peripheral Devices. Hardware is classified into four types of devices. Do You Know? 2/22/2017 11:09:40 PM “Hardware also includes the cables, connectors, and power supply units.” 18 Computer 3.indb 18

While processing, the computer saves the data or result in storage devices. Let us learn about them one by one. Input devices Input devices consist of external parts by which we give data and commands to the computer. Common input devices are Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, etc. Keyboard The keyboard is used to enter data into the computer system. It can type letters, numbers, etc. Mouse The mouse is a pointing device. It is used to give commands to the computer. Joystick A joystick is used to play games on a computer. Scanner We use a scanner to copy a document and input it into a computer. Microphone The microphone allows us to input sounds as our speech and songs into the computer. Webcam A web camera takes pictures and puts it into the computer. Processing Devices CPU The Central Processing Unit called the brain of the computer is also hardware. It is the most important part of the computer. It controls all the other parts and does all the calculations of the computer. Computer 3.indb 19 19 2/22/2017 11:09:40 PM

Output Devices Output hardware consists of devices that transfer information from the computer to the user. Below are some examples of hardware output devices: Monitor The computer displays the result of processing on a TV-like display screen called monitor. The monitor is also known as VDU (Visual Display Unit). Printer The printer can print the results of our work on the paper. The output is called a printout. Projector It takes images from a computer and copies them on a large, flat surface. Speakers You can listen to music, speeches or sounds from a computer from a speaker. Storage devices Any hardware that stores information in a computer is called a Storage Device. Let’s have a look at some of the hardware storage devices: Hard Disk A hard disk is a data storage device. It is used for storing and recovering large volumes of data. CD / DVD It is a round disk with a shiny surface. It is used to store large amounts of data mostly games, videos, movies, songs etc. These can be of different types which are used for reading only, writing only or both. USB Pen Drive (Flash Drive) It is a handy storage device and connects to the computer via USB port. It can also be used to store or transfer data from one computer to another. 20 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM Computer 3.indb 20

Let Us Do 2: What do you call the objects shown in the picture? ��������������������������������������������������� Are they hardware or software? ��������������������������������������������������� The computer hardware mentioned above is controlled by a list of commands called Software. Let us know more about it. Software Software refers to the part of the computer which we cannot touch. It is the form of commands which make the computer work. The set of commands is called a program, and one or more programs is termed as software. Do You Know? “The games you play on the computer are software.” Let us take the example of a TV. The TV itself is a hardware. But the programs we watch on TV are software. There are two main types of software. System Software The system software makes a computer useful. It helps all parts of a computer to work together. The Operating System is the most important system software. It is the first software loaded into computer memory. Some examples of system software are: Microsoft Windows MAC OS Computer 3.indb 21 21 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM

Microsoft Windows, MAC OS, Linux, Unix Do You Know? As CPU is the brain of a computer, Operating system is known as the “Heart of a computer”. Application Software Application software is designed to perform a specific task. For example, MS Paint is used for drawing and coloring. Notepad is used for typing text. We use Calculator for calculation. Some more examples include MS Word, MS PowerPoint, Media Player, Games. Let Us Do 3: Identify the following software from their icons. Which among these is a system software? _________________________________ Glossary 1. U ser – A user is a person who uses a computer. 2. P rogram - A computer program is a collection of instructions that performs a particular task when executed by a computer. 3. Hardware- Physical parts of a computer that we can see and touch. 4. Software – Set of computer programs to perform a specific task. 5. Application Software - Set of programs designed to perform a specific task. 6. M edia Player – A media player is a computer program for playing videos, movies and music. 7. Calculator – Software capable of performing mathematical calculations 8. Debugging – Removing errors from a program is called debugging. 22 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM Computer 3.indb 22

Inside the Lab Let’s practice a little of what we just learnt. Teacher’s Notes • D  iscuss the role of hardware and software with students. • S how students the various hardware components available in the computer lab. • Explain the various types of software. Student’s Notes • C  ollect information about any three hardware other than those given in the chapter. • Name five software present in the computer inside your lab. EXERCISE 1) Multiple Choice Questions a) Brain of the computer is (A) hardware (B) software (C) both (A) and (B) (D) none of these b) The output from a printer is called (A) operating system (B) software (C) hardware (D) printout c) MS Paint and Notepad perform particular task for (A) operating system (B) user (C) CPU (D) computer 2) True or False a) S oftware used in railway reservation, is an example of system software. ____________ b) MS Windows is a system software. ____________ c) Application software controls the basic functioning of computer. ___________ Computer 3.indb 23 23 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM

3) Fill in the blanks a) The devices that are used to give data to the computer are called ____________________devices. b) The devices used for displaying the results are called ______________ devices. c) Any hardware that stores information is __________ device. 4) Match the following a) Projector (i)  b) Flash Drive (ii)  c) Joystick (iii)  d) CPU (iv)  5) Very Short Answer Questions a) Correctly arrange the words in two columns: Keyboard, Mouse, CPU, MS-Paint, Notepad, Monitor, Printer, Operating System, Microsoft Word, Games, Calculator, Windows Media Player Hardware Software 24 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM Computer 3.indb 24

b) Name the following: i) Two input devices _____________________ , _____________________ ii) Two output devices _____________________ , _____________________ iii) Two storage devices _____________________ , _____________________ Are these devices hardware or software? ________________________ 6) Short Answer Questions a) W  hat is hardware? Give examples. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) Define software. Give examples. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 7) Long Answer Question Write the four differences between hardware and software. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8) Picture Based Question I dentify the following groups of devices/software: (Input, Output, Storage, System Software, Application Software) Computer 3.indb 25 25 2/22/2017 11:09:41 PM

i) ii) _______________________ _______________________ iii) iv) _______________________ _______________________ ACTIVITY: Identify the jumbled words and complete the blanks: 1. PUC__________________________ 5. ERPRTNI________________________ 2. OMINOTR_____________________ 6. AMEWBC_______________________ 3. OMSUE_______________________ 7. RSCNNA________________________ 4. EKBYAODR___________________ 8 YOJCKTIS_______________________ 26 2/22/2017 11:09:42 PM Computer 3.indb 26

4 Let’s Learn Operating System Hi, Kids! I am back. Do you remember which part is called the heart of a computer? Yes, it is the Operating System. Let Us Start We already know about various parts of a computer. An operating system is the most important part that runs on a computer. Between the hardware and the application software lies the Operating System. Did you know that you and your computer speak different languages? It does not speak Spanish, Swedish, or Chinese; it speaks in ones and zeros. We can’t communicate directly with the computer. Here the Operating System comes in. It is a system software. In this lesson We will learn • Operating system and its types • Different parts of a desktop The Operating System is the program that lets you talk to the computer without knowing its language. It tells the computer how to do its work and run its functions. These days the Operating System is already loaded on the computer. Operating System tasks: • Accepts inputs from mouse or keyboard. • Sends outputs to the display monitor and printer. 27 Computer 3.indb 27 2/22/2017 11:09:42 PM

• Identies to make Identifies peripheral devices. • Handles storage data. • Loads the application software. • Handles system problems. Common Operating Systems Nowadays, there are many Operating Systems available. The three most common are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. Operating Systems use Graphical User Interface. It is pronounced “gooey,” with menus, icons, and task bars. A GUI helps us to use the mouse to point and click on icons or buttons on the screen. Different operating systems have different GUI. Let’s have a look at the different operating systems: Microsoft Windows Microsoft created Windows Figure 4.1 Windows Operating System operating system in 1985. Over the period, Microsoft kept updating and releasing many versions of Windows. As of September 2016, the most recent version of Windows is the Windows 10. Other recent releases are Windows 8 and Windows 7. Windows happens to be the most popular operating system. Do You Know? First version of Windows, Windows 1.0 was released in 1985, two years after the initial announcement made by Microsoft about their new OS”. 28 2/22/2017 11:09:42 PM Computer 3.indb 28

Mac OS X Figure 4.2 Mac Operating System Mac OS was created by Apple in 1984 as part of Macintosh operating systems. It is the second most widely used desktop operating system after Windows. Initially, it was named Mac OS X until 2012. In 2016, with the release of MacOS 10.12 Sierra, the name was changed from OS X to MacOS. Linux Linux (pronounced LINN- ux) is a family of Open- source operating systems; It is unique among the most- used operating systems. Open source means the operating system is free and available to people for modifying. Figure 4.3 Linux Operating System Do You Know? 21-year-old Linus Torvalds created Linux in Finland in 1991. Computer 3.indb 29 29 2/22/2017 11:09:42 PM

Learning Windows Desktop Here we will learn about Microsoft Windows desktop. An operating system needs a way to communicate with the user. The way the OS interacts with a user is called the Interface. MS-Windows is the most popular GUI operating system. When we start the computer, the area we look at is called the Desktop. It acts as a work area. The desktop is usually different from one computer to another. Figure 4.4 Windows Desktop There are various parts in the Microsoft Windows desktop. Let’s have a look at the parts: Icons: From the upper left to the lower left side of the screen, there are small pictures or images called icons. These small images represent items such as My Computer, Recycle Bin, etc. Fun Fact We cannot give the same name to different icons. My Computer: It shows the stored information on the computer. It can also show us the location of that information. Recycle Bin: It is the dustbin of your computer. It has all the deleted files. 30 2/22/2017 11:09:43 PM Computer 3.indb 30

My Documents: This folder stores our files, documents, music, movies, etc. File: A file a collection of stored information. Any work is done in a file. We have already worked on MS Paint, Notepad, etc. and saved the work with different names. Folder: A folder is a container that helps to organize files and other folders. Start Button: This button is found at the bottom left of your screen. When we click this button, the list that shows is called Start menu. It provides a central point to access programs and performs other tasks. Desktop Background: It is the picture we can see behind the objects. Hence it’s known as desktop background. Taskbar: This bar is placed at the bottom of the desktop. At the left- hand corner, there is a start button. At the right-hand side, there are shortcuts to Speakers, Clock, etc. Glossary 1. G UI – Graphical User Interface. 2. O pen-Source Operating System – This operating system can be modified and distributed by anyone around the world. 3. File – An object in a computer that stores data and information. 4. Folder – A place to store files. 5. Icons – Different pictures that we see on the desktop. 6. Desktop – The screen that comes up when we start the computer. 7. Taskbar – It is a long horizontal bar at the bottom of the desktop. 8. Mac – Short form for Macintosh Operating system, developed by Apple. Computer 3.indb 31 31 2/22/2017 11:09:43 PM

Inside the Lab Let’s practice a little of what we just learnt. Teacher’s Notes • B  riefly explain about the OS loaded in the school’s computer lab. • Explain the interface of Windows Operating System. • Show different parts of Windows Desktop in the school lab. • Ask students to sort different icons on the desktop. Student’s Notes • S  ee the below picture and answer the following questions: 32 2/22/2017 11:09:43 PM Computer 3.indb 32

a. Name any folder in the above figure. b. Locate the recycle bin. • F  ind out the version of Windows installed on your computer. • M  ake a list of icons on your desktop. Compare the list with your friends and tick those which are common in all the lists. EXERCISE 1) Multiple Choice Questions: a) The bar at the bottom of the desktop is called the: (A) Taskbar (B) Title bar (D) Start button b) MS Windows is easy to use because of its _____________ User Interface. (A) Graphic (B) Graphical (C) Image (D) both (A) and (B) c) The first version of Windows was released in: (A) 1995 (B) 1983 (C) 1900 (D) 1985 2) True or False a) The Linux operating system was created by Linus Torvalds. __________ b) Files can store any number of folders and files. __________ c) We can give 2 different icons the same name. __________ 3) Fill in the blanks a) S  tart button is at the __________ side of the taskbar. b) The latest version of Microsoft Windows is __________. c) The ________ folder shows our files, documents, music, etc. 4) Match the following a) Has deleted files (i) Icons b) Heart of a computer (ii) My computer c) Small pictures on desktop (iii) Operating system d) Shows the information (iv) Recycle bin 33 Computer 3.indb 33 2/22/2017 11:09:43 PM

5) Very Short Answer Questions a) Name any two operating systems. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) Name the picture that you see on the monitor in background. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 6) Short Answer Questions a) W  rite two primary tasks of an operating system? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) List the different components of a desktop? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 7) Long Answer Question Write a short note on “Mac OS”. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 34 2/22/2017 11:09:43 PM Computer 3.indb 34

8) Picture Based Question D escribe the different icons in the above picture with their functions. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ACTIVITY: In the below box, there are many words which you have read in this lesson. How many can you find? T S L Z X M CGU I D A S K T O P ABC U X T S A C P WJ O M L A X S E J I GN E B R E K G CNXQ N V T P B I L DZA U Q A M A C V OU Z K M I C R O S WF T R F O L D E R SDX Computer 3.indb 35 35 2/22/2017 11:09:44 PM

5 DRAWING WITH MS PAINT Friends! You can now draw and color pictures using Paint. Do you know Paint has many advanced features using which you can make your drawing more creative? Let Us Start We are now familiar with the MS Paint program. It is included with all the versions of Microsoft Windows. We can use Paint to create simple to detailed drawings, and also for editing pictures. So far, you have made drawings in Paint using the tools in the Home tab. Can you now do the following activity to practice? Let Us Do 1: Draw a similar picture given below and using different Paint tools you learned. Color the picture and save your file. 36 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 36

In this lesson We will learn about some more tools, the Select and Crop features available in Paint. Also, will learn to move and copy the portions of an image. When Paint opens, you will see an empty window; drawing and painting tools are located in the ribbon at the top of the window. The following illustration shows the different parts of the Paint window. Let’s have a quick look at the window [Figure 5.1]. Figure 5.1: Paint Window Working with More Tools Figure 5.2: Paint Ribbon The Ribbon in Paint [Figure 5.2] includes a handy collection of drawing tools. We can use the tools to create freehand drawings and add a variety of shapes to your pictures. The Magnifier Tool Magnifier tool [Figure 5.3] is used to get a closer view of an image. To use the magnifier tool follow the below steps: Computer 3.indb 37 37 06/02/17 4:13 pm

STEP 1: In the Home tab, select Magnifier. STEP 2: Left click the mouse button to zoom the image and right click zoom out the image. Figure 5.3: Magnifier Tool Do You Know? Magnifier tool does not affect the actual image. It affects just how it appears on your screen. Brushes Brushes let you paint in various widths and textures. Brush size can be adjusted using Size option. Using brushes, we can add additional effects to our image. Size This tool becomes active only after Figure 5.4: Size Tool you have chosen either a Brush or a Shape. You can also increase the border thickness of an image using the size option. In the given image [Figure 5.4], the rectangular shape is selected and the size of the border is adjusted to 5px (pixels). Let Us Do 2: Draw Mountains using different sizes of the brush. Drawing a Shape We know to draw many different shapes in Paint. For example, we can draw ready-made shapes such as rectangles, circles, squares, triangles, and arrows. Do you know you can also make your own custom shapes by using the Polygon shape? 38 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 38

P olygon is a shape with three or more sides. Using this tool, you can draw one side of the Polygon at a time. To draw a Polygon: STEP 1: Click on the Polygon shape in the Shapes group [Figure 5.5]. STEP 2: Move the mouse pointer to Drawing Area. The mouse pointer changes to cross. STEP 3: Click a color for the polygon outline. To keep your lines straight, remember to hold down the Shift key as you are drawing your lines. STEP 4: To draw the polygon, drag the mouse pointer Figure 5.5: Polygon Tool and click at each corner. Keep clicking end points until you want the last line to finish the shape. Double-click when you are done. Curve line Tool is used to draw curved lines. STEP 1: Click on the Curve tool in the Shapes group [Figure 5.6]. STEP 2: Move the mouse pointer to Drawing Area. The mouse pointer changes to cross. STEP 3: Draw a line by dragging the pointer. STEP 4: Click where you want one arc of the curve to be. Figure 5.6: Curve line tool Do You Know? If you want to draw an exact shape—say a square or a circle—hold the Shift key while you draw and release the mouse button before you let go of the Shift key. Image Selection In Paint, you might want to make a change to part of a picture or an object. To do this, you need to select the part of the picture that you want to change, and then make the change. Computer 3.indb 39 39 06/02/17 4:13 pm

Select Option This option is used to select the rectangular areas Figure 5.7: Select Option of an image. How to select rectangular area in Windows 7 Paint? STEP 1: To select part of a picture or rectangular area, click in the Select tool in the Image group, STEP 2: Drag the pointer to select the part of the picture you want to work with. The Clipboard Menu The clipboard menu offers three options— Cut, Copy and Paste. Only when a Selection is active, the Cut and Copy icons show as being ready. You can move or copy a part of an image or an entire image once it is selected. The Cut option removes the selected part from its original place. The Copy option copies the selected part, but does not Figure 5.8: Select Part of Image remove it from its original place. You can insert the cut or copied part anywhere using Paste option. Follow the steps below: STEP1: Select the part of the image you want to cut or copy. STEP 2: On the Home tab, click Cut or Copy in the Clipboard group. STEP 3: Click Paste in the Clipboard group. The cut Quick Keys or copied part will appear on the top-left corner of the Copy Ctrl+C drawing area. Paste Ctrl+V Cut Ctrl+X STEP 4: Click and drag the pasted image where you want. You can paste the cut or copied images as many times as you want. 40 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 40

Figure 5.9: Cut and Paste Figure 5.10: Copy and Paste Do You Know? The cut and copied part of the image is stored in a temporary place called Clipboard. Glossary 1. Microsoft – Microsoft Corporation is one of the largest companies in the computer industry. 2. Tool – Is a shortcut button to perform a task. 3. Icons – Different pictures that we see on desktop. 4. Magnify – To make something look bigger than it actually is. 5. Zoom – To have more detailed value of an image. 6. Clipboard - A temporary place where cut and copied item is stored. Inside the Lab Let’s practice a little of what we just learnt. Teacher’s Notes • A  sk students to create a drawing using basic shapes present in MS Paint to recap or revise the working of tools and commands. Computer 3.indb 41 41 06/02/17 4:13 pm

• E  xplain and help students to draw different pictures using Polygon and Curve line tools in Paint. • Ask students to create a pattern using the different shapes they learnt. • Explain the difference between Cut and Copy options. • A  sk students to make some images and use cut, copy and paste options in them. Student’s Notes • D  raw a shape using the shapes of your choice. Select the shape and paste and it at a new location on the Drawing area. • Make a birthday card for your friend using the tools you learnt. EXERCISE 1) Multiple Choice Questions: a) The blue bar at the top of the screen is known as (A) Menu bar (B) Title bar (D) Ribbon b) All the tools, the color palette, and most commands are grouped together in the: (A) Menu bar (B) Title bar (C) Quick Access Toolbar (D) Ribbon c) The tool that becomes active only after choosing brush or shape is (A) Brush (B) Size (C) Shapes (D) Colors 2) True or False a) Brushes help us paint in various widths and textures. _________ b) It is possible to select a part of an image.__________ c) The keyboard shortcut for the Cut option is Ctrl+X. __________ 3) Fill in the blanks a) C  olor 1 is the _________________ Color, and is always __________________ when you open Paint or open a different Paint page. 42 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 42

b) Color 2 is the __________________ Color, and is always __________________when you open Paint or open a different Paint page. c) I f you haven’t yet saved your picture, the name will be shown as ___________________. 4) Match the following a) (i) Control buttons b) (ii) Clipboard c) (iii) Paint button d) (iv) Title Bar 5) Very Short Answer Questions a) Write the names of the tools corresponding to following actions: b) Group the following into correct columns: Program name, Control buttons, help option, home tab, view tab, quick access toolbar, paint button Title Bar Menu Bar Computer 3.indb 43 43 06/02/17 4:13 pm

6) Short Answer Questions a) W  hat is Ribbon? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ b) H  ow is the function of eraser different with right and left buttons of the click of the mouse? Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 7) Long Answer Question Identify and write the functions of the five tools of MS Paint. Ans. ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8) Observe the Figure and answer the below questions. ( a) Identify the shapes used to draw the picture. (b) Name the tab that is selected in the Figure. (c) What is the foreground color selected in the Figure? �������������������������������������������������������������������������� �������������������������������������������������������������������������� �������������������������������������������������������������������������� 44 06/02/17 4:13 pm Computer 3.indb 44