Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 1 04/09/2019 16:05:01
Preface IMAX partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. IMAX presents the latest version of the Pinnacle series – especially crafted as an accompanying workbook series for the Tamil Nadu state board textbooks. The Pinnacle series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the Tamil Nadu Curriculum Framework, 2017, in conjunction with the content covered and approach adopted in the Samacheer textbooks. The IMAX English workbooks and Grammar & Composition books for the Pinnacle series strive hard to provide adequate opportunities for students to practise all the four skills of Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing (LSRW). Below are some salient features of the Pinnacle English workbooks series: Summaries of the Samacheer English textbook lessons Meanings of difficult words from the lessons provided, along with example sentences Coverage of all textbook questions that require space for writing along with adequate space for writing ‘Quick Check’ questions at the start of every workbook lesson to recapitulate details of the textbook lesson Inclusion of questions based on comprehension, vocabulary, judgement & appreciation and speaking skills Here are some salient features of the Pinnacle Grammar & Composition series: The grammar concepts covered have a horizontal and vertical progression across grades, providing a spiral of cumulative learning Inclusion of age-appropriate picture reading for grades 1 & 2, and reading comprehension passages for grades 3, 4 & 5 Inclusion of samples for format-based writing to provide for scaffolding of learning of formal writing Provision of a listening to audio section for honing of listening skills for different purposes for grades 4 & 5 Overall, the IMAX English Pinnacle series aims to generate greater engagement with and enhance fluency in English language communication, while providing students the opportunity to develop a genuine appreciation of the language and its literature. – The Authors Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 2 04/09/2019 16:05:01
GrammarFeaantduCreosmposition Dictation Words from the textbook or sentences with commonly confused spellings for dictation practice PR VoDcicatbautilaorny LisDteicntiangtioAnudio Q Questions based on an audio piece for Practice exercises to help build and listening practice enhance age-appropriate vocabulary GrDaimctmataior n Writing Engaging grammar explanations and Formal Writing inculcates writing skills by well-crafted exercises introducing formal writing styles by providing samples and adequate practice R ReDaicdtiantgioCnomprehension Creative Writing exercises to foster Interesting reading comprehension creative writing by using imagination and passages on varied themes along drawing from real-life experiences with questions that focus on language building Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 3 04/09/2019 16:05:02
Class 5 6 Module 6 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 R3 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 12 7 Module 7 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15 8 Module 8 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 27 R4 Reading Comprehension �������������������������������������������������������������������� 40 9 Module 9 ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 44 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 4 04/09/2019 16:05:02
Module 6 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Vocabulary in context Grammar Articles Formal Writing Editing exercise Creative Writing Story writing Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 1 1 04/09/2019 16:05:03
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. [ ] 1) How do dogs help people who cannot move? [ ] a) by helping them across the road b) by fetching things for them [ ] c) by making them smile d) by chasing geese away [ ] 2) How can dogs help unhappy people? a) by saving them from drowning b) by being noisy c) by helping them across the road d) by making them smile 3) What does a dog do to keep people safe? a) they sniff out fires and notify fire fighters b) they are cute c) they are extremely fast learners d) they fetch things for people 4) What is one of the strangest tasks that dogs undertake? a) make unhappy people smile b) help deaf people hear c) chase geese away from airports d) save drowning people 2 04/09/2019 16:05:04 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 2
5) What is a dog’s best work? [ ] a) being able to sniff out bombs b) being man’s truest friend c) being a fast learner d) b eing able to do strange jobs PR Vocabulary Q Vocabulary in context Context clues are hints that help us to understand a difficult or unusual word. The clue may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers, or in a preceding or succeeding sentence. The four kinds of context clues that are quite common are as follows: • Synonym clue A synonym or another word that means the same is used in the same sentence that gives the reader a clue about the meaning of the new word. Example: The new girl was an introvert, she was quiet and mostly kept to herself. • Antonym clue A word or a group of words that has the opposite meaning reveals the meaning of the unknown word. Example: Marty is gregarious, unlike his quiet and shy brother. • Explanation clue The unknown word is explained either within the sentence or in a sentence that immediately precedes it. Example: The team was elated when they won the trophy. • Example clue Specific examples are used to define the unknown word. Example: Celestial bodies such as the Sun, the Moon, and the stars are very far away from the Earth. Module 6 3 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 3 04/09/2019 16:05:04
Exercise 3.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the options given in brackets. Use a dictionary to look for the meanings of the words in brackets. One is done for you. 1) Mala was very happy and eager (eager/scared) to go to the school picnic. She even bought herself a new pair of shoes. 2) Please hold the glass carefully; it is __________________________________ (fragile/flexible). 3) The clown __________________________________ (invited/entertained) the audience with her funny tricks. 4) I cannot __________________________________ (afford/affect) to buy the big pencil box because it is expensive. 5) We must __________________________________ (repair/prepare) for our examinations that start next week. 6) Rohit finished the __________________________________ (entire/retire) plate of laddoos all by himself. Exercise 3.2: Read the following sentences. Use the clues in the sentences to tick the best meanings of the words in bold. 1) There is harmony among the people in that community. Everybody comes together to celebrate all festivals. a) strong dislike b) peace c) laughter 2) At the sound of the bell, the children hastened towards their class. a) stopped b) walked slowly c) walked fast 3) She smiled with glee as she opened her gift. a) happiness b) sadness c) anger 4) This man used to be very lazy, but now he works all day long. a) active b) inactive c) friendly 4 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 4 04/09/2019 16:05:04
5) My throat felt so parched that I felt like I could drink the entire stream. a) liquid b) dry c) full 6) We had the option of a hot or a cold beverage. a) drink b) spoon c) soup Grammar Articles Fill in the blanks with the correct articles to complete the paragraph. ___________ frog can live in ___________ water and on ___________ land. It is called ___________ ‘amphibian’. ‘Amphibian’ is ___________ Greek word, which means ‘having a double life’. ___________ wet skin holds the secret of ___________ frog’s double life. It can breathe only when ___________ skin is wet. If ___________ skin dries out, ___________ frog cannot breathe. Isn’t that ___________ interesting piece of information? Remember • Articles are words used before nouns. • There are three articles in English: ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’. • ‘A’ and ‘an’ are indefinite articles, while ‘the’ is called the definite article. Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 5 Module 6 5 04/09/2019 16:05:06
Remember Remember that the first ‘sound’ and not the first ‘letter’ should be considered. Example: It is an honour to meet you. We say ‘an’ honour even though the first letter in honour is ‘h’, which is a consonant. This is because while pronouncing this word, ‘h’ is silent and we pronounce the word as ‘aunur’. The same goes for words like ‘uniform’ or ‘unicorn’. We use the article ‘a’ before them as the first sound in these words is /y/ even though the first letters are vowels. Examples: A: used before singular, countable nouns that begin with consonant sounds Tejas is a little boy. She is wearing a uniform. Gagan has a mini car. An: used before singular, countable nouns that begin with vowel sounds An old man sat on the We will go in an aeroplane. They have an hour left to bench. catch the train. 6 04/09/2019 16:05:11 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 6
The: used before singular/plural and countable/uncountable nouns that have been mentioned earlier • Use ‘the’ before particular (definite) things, such as specific articles, names of rivers, lakes, oceans, holy books, newspapers, well-known buildings and a few countries such as the US and the UK. • ‘The’ is also used to refer to specific locations such as ‘the airport’, ‘the railway station’, ‘the ticket counter’, ‘the kitchen’ and so on. • Use ‘the’ while mentioning something unique such as ‘the Sun’, ‘the Moon’ and so on. • ‘The’ is pronounced ‘thee’ when used before nouns that begin with vowel sounds. Examples: The Ganga is the longest river I have read the Ramayana. I liked the bag that you in India. gave me. Zero articles Remember • Do not use articles while saying general things about plural and uncountable nouns. Examples: I hate sweets made of sugar. I am afraid of heights. • Do not use articles before abstract nouns. Examples: I have confidence in you. My parents give good advice. • Do not use articles before names of people, countries, towns, subjects and languages. Examples: Sudeep is from Bangladesh. We are studying Botany. Raza is fluent in Spanish. Module 6 7 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 7 04/09/2019 16:05:12
Exercise 4.1: Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’. One is done for you. 1) 2) 3) ________ giraffe and an ant and an apple ________ hour and ________ minute ________ umbrella 4) 5) 6) ________ cupcake and ________ Sun and ________ owl and ________ candle ________ Moon ________ pussycat Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct articles. Put where no article is needed. One is done for you. 1) Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. 2) My mother is __________ doctor, and my father is ___________ architect. 3) Ravi works at ____________ airport every night. 4) Do you have __________ dictionary with you? 5) Do not worry about ____________ Mehak’s illness. She will be fine. 6) She was faint with ____________ thirst. 8 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 8 04/09/2019 16:05:12
Exercise 4.3: Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’. One is done for you. 1) You can see the Arabian from Mumbai. 2) I love to sip ____________ of grape juice in the morning. 3) My sister attended ____________ class at school today. 4) Raima has ____________ injury from playing tennis. 5) I gifted my father ____________ for his birthday. ____________ is black in colour. 6) This is ____________ . I wear it to school. Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 9 Module 6 9 04/09/2019 16:05:13
Writing Formal Writing Editing exercise Exercise 5: The paragraph given below has mistakes such as incorrect spellings, punctuation, capitalisation and grammatical errors. Rewrite the paragraph after correcting at least ten errors. Animals We Love We loves animals, especially the ones mentioned here. A elephant is the biggest living animal on land. It is grey big and extremely heavy. Elephants love to eat Bananas. They carry loads from one place to another, horses are farm animals. They have hard hoofs that protect their legs. They help their masters by carrying loads. A dog is a grate Companion to peeple. Dogs are obedient and loyal. They helps protect our homes from thiefs and burglars. The police use dogs to catch crinimals! Now, write the correct paragraph here. 10 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 10 04/09/2019 16:05:13
Creative Writing Story writing Exercise 6: Create a story based on the prompts given below. Give the story a suitable title. a member of a group slips and falls while mountain climbing – gets stuck on a ledge and twists his or her ankle – the group members are horrified – start rescue operations – a group member climbs down to the ledge with some medicines – the others make a stretcher – put the person on the stretcher – take to the hospital – the group members are relieved Module 6 11 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 11 04/09/2019 16:05:13
R3 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. The history of Chinese tea is a story of gradual refinement. Generations of growers and producers have perfected the Chinese way of manufacturing tea and its many unique variations. The original idea is credited to the legendary Emperor Shennong. His orders required that all drinking water be boiled. A story goes that one summer day, while visiting a distant part of his kingdom, he and the court stopped to rest. According to his ruling, the servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from a nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and a brown substance soaked into the water. As a scientist, the Emperor was interested in the new liquid. He drank some and found it very refreshing. And thus, according to the legend, tea was created in 2737 BC. Tea is an important part of the Chinese tradition. The main varieties of Chinese tea are green tea, red tea (black tea), Wulong tea, white tea, yellow tea and reprocessed tea. 1) What happened when the emperor’s servants were boiling water for the court to drink? Ans. 2) Which are the main varieties of Chinese tea? Ans. 12 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 12 04/09/2019 16:05:14
3) Fill in the blanks with an appropriate adjective from the passage. . a) Milk is ______________________ for growing babies. b) I want a ______________________ cup of tea. c) He has a ______________________ voice. It is very different. 4) The meaning of ‘reprocessed’ is 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) gradual a) special 2) refinement b) over a long period 3) unique c) improvement Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Once upon a time, a smart boy from the city was travelling in a train. The only other person in the compartment was a boy who looked like a simpleton. The city boy, Akshay, thought he would have some fun at the other boy’s expense. ‘Hi, what is your name?’ he asked. ‘Ram’ was the reply. ‘Well, we have a long journey ahead of us. To make it more interesting, I suggest that we ask each other questions to pass the time’, he said. ‘All right’, said Ram. ‘Let us decide on a penalty. If the answer is wrong, the person has to pay 50 rupees’, said Akshay. ‘Fair enough! However, you are well educated, knowledgeable and smart whereas I am a simple village dweller. My penalty should be half of yours’, said Ram. Akshay agreed to this condition. Ram suggested that Akshay should ask the first question. Reading Comprehension 13 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 13 04/09/2019 16:05:14
‘What is the latest technology by which seeds can produce stronger plants?’ asked Akshay. ‘I don’t know’, said Ram and handed 25 rupees over. ‘Your turn now’, said Akshay. ‘Why is it that when a handful of seeds are sown, a few germinate faster and a few don’t germinate at all?’ asked Ram. Akshay was stumped. He thought for a long time. Finally, he said, ‘I give up’ and handed Ram 50 rupees. ‘Tell me the answer’, said Akshay, watching Ram put the money into his wallet. ‘I don’t know either’, answered Ram. 1) Name the two boys in the story. Ans. 2) Who ended up with more money in the end? Ans. 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verb ‘to be’. a) What ____________________________ the answer to this question? b) We ____________________________ travelling by train last night. c) I ____________________________ Ram. 4) The antonym of ‘half’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) stumped a) begin to grow 2) simpleton b) did not know the answer to something 3) germinate c) a simple or ignorant person 14 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 14 04/09/2019 16:05:14
Module 7 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Antonyms Grammar Verbs Formal Writing Paragraph writing Creative Writing Picture-based composition Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 15 15 04/09/2019 16:05:15
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) Who are considered to be the friendliest creatures of the seas and oceans? [ ] [ ] a) sharks b) goldfish [ ] c) dolphins d) whales [ ] [ ] 2) What are the stories that have been told about dolphins? a) about them saving people from drowning b) about what they eat c) about how they kill people d) about how people save them 3) What are the young ones of dolphins called? a) foals b) cubs c) children d) calves 4) How are dolphins similar to humans? a) They live in water like humans. b) They live in a society like humans. c) They fight like humans. d) They are not like humans. 5) Which of the following proves that dolphins are intelligent? a) They have children. b) They live in water. c) They use tools. d) They are friendly. 16 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 16 04/09/2019 16:05:15
RP Vocabulary Q Antonyms Exercise 3.1: Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with their antonyms and rewrite them. 1) As soon as he rubbed the magic lamp, the genie appeared. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2) The questions in the final examinations were really easy. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 3) My father could not lock the door as he had lost the keys. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 4) The mango was delicious as it was unripe. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 5) The smooth surface of the floor made me slip and fall. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 6) At the zoo, there were only a few tame animals to see. Ans. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 17 Module 7 17 04/09/2019 16:05:16
Exercise 3.2: Write the antonyms of the following words by adding the correct prefixes. 1) infect × _______________________________________ 2) honest × _______________________________________ 3) obedient × _______________________________________ 4) possible × _______________________________________ 5) willing × _______________________________________ 6) active × _______________________________________ Grammar Verbs Main verbs and helping verbs Let us revise verbs and helping verbs learnt in earlier classes. Remember ► Verbs are action words. They show the action that the noun does or the state of being of the noun. Examples: a) Sandeep sings well. b) Chetana went to the market. ► Helping verbs do not show any action but help the main verb to complete its meaning. They also add detail or show the state of being of the noun. Helping verbs are also called auxiliary verbs. Examples: a) Parag is happy. b) I have seen her before. 18 04/09/2019 16:05:16 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 18
Exercise 4.1: Connect the balloons that have only main verbs to Circle A and the balloons that have both main verbs and helping verbs to Circle B. One is done for you. My friends I remember She is Arsha He cried They are have gone your third walking in likes for his lost swimming birthday. the park. Khushi. home. dog. in the pond. Circle Circle A B Module 7 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 19 19 04/09/2019 16:05:17
Modal verbs Remember ► M odal verbs are also helping verbs. They give additional information about the main verbs that follow them. ► T he modal verbs ‘can’ (present tense) and ‘could’ (past tense) show ability. ► The modal verbs ‘may’, ‘could’, ‘might’ and ‘can’ are modal verbs of permission. ‘Can’ is an informal modal verb of permission, whereas ‘might’ is an extremely formal modal verb of permission. More on modal verbs ‘Shall’ and ‘Should’ ‘Must’ ‘Will’ and ‘Would’ • T he modal verbs ‘shall’ • T he modal verb ‘must’ and ‘should’ make expresses obligation. • T he modal verbs suggestions, ask for ‘will’ and ‘would’ opinions or express • ‘Must’ also emphasises show preference, preferences. or recommends actions. determination, capability and wishes. • ‘Shall’ is also used for obligations in very formal • ‘Will’ is also used to situations. describe future actions. ‘Would’ is used to give advice. Exercise 4.2: Choose the best modal verbs to complete the sentences. One is done for you. 1) You must be tired. You worked till very late last night. a) must b) shall c) can 2) _________________ we dance? a) Wouldn’t b) Will c) Shall 3) I _________________ speak English when I was four years old. a) can b) could c) must 4) _________________ I come in? (extremely formal) a) May b) Would c) Might 5) We _________________ play with sharp objects. a) mustn’t b) will c) could 6) I _________________ leave earlier for the movie, if I were you. The roads have heavy traffic. a) could b) would c) should 20 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 20 04/09/2019 16:05:17
Subject-verb agreement Remember ► In a correct and meaningful sentence, the subject should be in line with its correct verb. This means that the subject and verb should agree. ► This is known as subject-verb agreement. Rules of subject-verb agreement Rule 1: A singular subject takes a singular verb, while a plural subject takes a plural verb. Example: • Squirrels eat nuts. • My mother makes great pulao. Rule 2: Two singular subjects connected by ‘or’, ‘either ... or’ and ‘neither ... nor’ require a singular verb. However, if one of the two subjects is plural and is closer to the main verb than the singular subject, the verb will be plural. Examples: • Either Samantha or Miranda plays the guitar. • Neither my aunt nor my uncles live here. Rule 3: Use a plural verb with two or more subjects connected by ‘and’. Example: • Bhubaneshwar and Puri are in Odisha. Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the base verbs in brackets. One is done for you. 1) Kirti and Simi are (be) in class. Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 21 Module 7 21 04/09/2019 16:05:17
2) He _____________________ (study) for six hours every day. 3) Either Karan or Ali _____________________ (cook) on Sundays. 4) Many of the books _____________________ (be) missing. 5) All the princes and princesses _____________________ (eat) tasty food. 6) The frogs _____________________ (leap) over each other. 22 04/09/2019 16:05:18 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 22
Writing Formal Writing Narrative paragraph writing Exercise 5: Have you ever watched a performance such as a magic show, a play or a dance on stage? How was your experience? Narrate it in the form of an anecdote. What is an anecdote? Steps to writing a good anecdote An anecdote is a short Generate interest with an attention-grabbing story about a personal first line. experience. Set the scene. Describe the main events. Say what happened in the end. Connect the story to the present. Include adjectives to convey feelings and emotions effectively. Hints: • What sort of a performance was it? • Whom did you go with? • W hat did you see? Narrate the events in the order in which they happened. • What did you like about the performance? • How did it end? • How did you feel at the end of it. Module 7 23 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 23 04/09/2019 16:05:19
04/09/2019 16:05:19 24 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 24
Creative Writing Picture-based composition Exercise 6: Look at the picture given below and describe what you see. Hints: • Who are the people in the picture? • Where are they? • What does this picture symbolise? • Is it important to maintain peace and harmony? Why? • How does this picture show peace and togetherness? Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 25 Module 7 25 04/09/2019 16:05:20
04/09/2019 16:05:20 26 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 26
Module 8 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Words related to sports Grammar Tenses Formal Writing Notice writing Creative Writing Diary entry Reading Passage 1 Comprehension Passage 2 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 27 27 04/09/2019 16:05:21
Dictation Exercise 1: Sentence dictation 1) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ______________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) What is the theme of the poem? [ ] [ ] a) drowning b) friendship [ ] [ ] c) death d) angels [ ] 2) What question does the poet ask? a) Are we friends, or are we not? b) Are we relatives, or are we not? c) Are we in heaven, or are we not? d) Are we enemies, or are we not? 3) Where will the poet wait for his friend if the poet dies first? a) at a restaurant b) in hell c) at home d) in heaven 4) What will the poet do in heaven? a) sing for the angels b) tease the angels c) give the angels’ wings back d) give the angels’ wands back 5) What would the poet risk losing everything for? a) to have someone just like his friend b) to live again c) to go to heaven d) to meet the angels in heaven 28 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 28 04/09/2019 16:05:21
RP Vocabulary Q Words related to sports Exercise 3.1: Complete the crossword puzzle based on the clues given. 1 3 4 O P T 2 T Across 1) the person whom one competes against in a contest or game 2) a group of players that plays on one side in a competition or sport Down 3) a punishment imposed on a player or team for breaking the rules of a sport 4) an object awarded as a prize Module 8 29 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 29 04/09/2019 16:05:22
Exercise 3.2: Match the names of sports from the given box to the pictures given below. One is done for you. karate boxing lawn tennis cycling kabaddi archery 1) 2) boxing ____________________________________ 3) 4) ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 5) 6) ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 30 04/09/2019 16:05:22 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 30
Grammar Tenses We have learnt various types of tenses before. Let us revise them once again. Remember ► The simple present tense describes habits and ideas that apply in general or as a rule. Rule: subject + base verb (+ ‘-s’/‘-es’) + object Example: • Let us eat pancakes. ► T he simple past tense describes actions that have already happened. Rule: subject + past tense form of verb + object Example: • Sumi ate pancakes. ► T he simple future tense describes actions that will happen in the future. It also tells us about promises, decisions or hopes about a later time. Rule: subject + will/shall + base verb + object Example: • Moiz will eat pancakes. ► T he present continuous tense describes actions that are going on at the time of speaking. In the present continuous tense, we use ‘is’, ‘am’ or ‘are’ before the ‘-ing’ forms of the verbs. Rule: subject + is/am/are + ‘-ing’ form of the verb + object Example: • Rustom is eating pancakes. ► T he past continuous tense describes actions that were happening or going on at some point in the past. In the past continuous tense, we use ‘was’ or ‘were’ before the ‘-ing’ forms of the verbs. Rule: subject + was/were + ‘-ing’ form of the verb + object Example: • Penny was eating pancakes. Module 8 31 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 31 04/09/2019 16:05:23
Remember ► T he present perfect tense reports news or describes completed actions (past) that are important now. It also talks about actions or situations that have started in the past and continue into the present. Rule: subject + have/has + past participle form of verb + object Example: • Meera has eaten pancakes. Exercise 4.1: Answer the following questions in the tenses mentioned in brackets. One is done for you. 1) How far is your house from your school? (simple present) Ans. My house is six kilometres from my school. 2) State something that you will do in the next thirty minutes. (simple future) Ans. 3) What were you doing last Friday? (past continuous) Ans. 4) What did you eat for breakfast today? (simple past) Ans. 5) Have you read the Harry Potter books? (present perfect) Ans. 6) What are you doing right now? (present continuous) Ans. 32 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 32 04/09/2019 16:05:23
Past perfect tense Read the given paragraph. Dina and Ravi participated in a dance competition yesterday. They had practised for this performance for almost a year. They glided together on the dance floor like birds in the sky. It was Dina and Ravi’s first public performance. They had never danced in front of people before. They had been inspired by salsa dancers. For this performance, they had designed their own costumes and had composed the music as well! Many dancers participated in the competition. The judges awarded the first prize to Dina and Ravi. Needless to say, they were over the moon! The previous paragraph talks about an event in the past – the dance competition – and the events that happened before it. We use the past perfect tense to show which of two past actions happened first. When I arrived at the party, my best friend had already left. an earlier past event a more recent past now event past perfect simple past Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 33 Module 8 33 04/09/2019 16:05:23
A sentence in the past perfect tense looks like this: subject + had + past participle form + object of verb Kanta + had + left the house + when her brother broke the cup. Let us look at some more examples: Later events in the past before the guests arrived. Earlier events in the past before it crashed. I had already finished my dinner before she visited me. The aeroplane had received many warnings when I arrived at the clinic. Navika had completed her work The doctor had left Later events in the past Earlier actions in the past When we reached their house the baby had slept. When the computer crashed I had saved all my data. Meera did not have any money as she had lost her wallet. Second event in the past First event in the past before the By the time Satyam reached the cinema hall second event occurred the movie had already started. Exercise 4.2: Circle the past perfect form of the verbs in the given sentences. One is done for you. 1) Everyone had gone home when I reached the party. 2) Samar had eaten his breakfast before he left for school. 3) When the chief guest arrived, the dance performance had already started. 4) The train had left the station when I arrived there. 5) Mayur had cleaned the house before the children came. 6) Siya had studied French before she moved to Paris. 34 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 34 04/09/2019 16:05:23
Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks using the simple past or past perfect forms of the verbs in brackets. One is done for you. 1) He had eaten (eat) his dinner before he boarded (board) the bus. 2) I ____________________________________________ (sleep) early last night as I ____________________________________________ (finish) my project. 3) Ayush _____________________________ almost ___________________________________________ (complete) his homework when the lights ______________________________ (go) off. 4) They ____________________________________________ (live) in Hyderabad for five years before they ____________________________________________ (move) to Gurgaon. 5) By the time I ________________________________________________ (reach) home, my father ____________________________________________ (repair) the bicycle. 6) M r Khanna ____________________________________________ (own) this house for five years before he ____________________________________ (sell) it. Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 35 Module 8 35 04/09/2019 16:05:24
Writing Formal Writing Notice writing A notice is a brief, formal piece of communication that contains details regarding a certain event or process. It should contain the following: • a proper heading or title • date of issue • name and designation of issuing authority • relevant content The content should answer questions such as ‘what’, ‘when’, ‘where’ and ‘from whom’. Read the given sample of a notice and observe its elements. Headline AMAR school Issuing Authority Name and notice Date designation of the person 20th October 2019 Body issuing the It talks about the notice should Change in 5A timetable purpose, event, be provided date, time and here. All Class 5 Section A students will venue. have Mathematics class instead of 36 English class during the first period on Tuesdays. On Thursdays, the Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 36 sixth period will be an English class instead of a Mathematics class. Students must bring their textbooks and workbooks accordingly. Gokul Maan Class Teacher, Class 5A 04/09/2019 16:05:24
Exercise 5: Independence Day celebrations are to be held at your school. Your principal has partly filled a notice and has requested you to complete it. Complete the notice below with the necessary details. Model Public School Notice Date: _____________________________ Independence Day Celebrations On the occasion of ____________________________________________________________________, the school is ___________________________________________________________________________. It will be held on the _____________________________ in the ________________________________. The programme will start at ________________ and continue _______________________________. The programme will consist of ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________. All students are requested to wear ______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________. Smita Paul _______________________________________ Model Public School Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 37 Module 8 37 04/09/2019 16:05:24
Creative Writing Diary entry Exercise 6: Write a diary entry about a play that you attended. The play was about spreading awareness on the importance of education. Use the hints given below to help you write the diary entry. Hints: • Write what the play was about. • Describe the events of the play. • Write about how it affected you and what you think about it. 04/09/2019 16:05:24 38 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 38
Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 39 Module 8 39 04/09/2019 16:05:25
R4 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Two men and a woman approach. Old man: I have already paid money for this land. We’ll make multi-storeyed buildings here. Young lady: S ir, let’s provide facilities like a club, gym, pool and all-day water and power supply for the residents. Old man: W e’ll make a good profit. People who buy apartments over here will pay us a good amount. Old man: L et’s go. We’ll begin the work by next week! (They leave together.) All trees: Oh! Pine tree: Our end is near. (A group of two young men and a middle-aged woman approach.) Young man: Look at this Green Forest. Isn’t it beautiful? We will never allow this to be cut down. We are environmentalists, and we will fight to save the trees. Another young man: I often come here for nature walks. Families and children come here for picnics. Some painters come here and make beautiful paintings. Middle-aged lady: T hat is right. This forest and the trees are so important for us. The animals and birds will also have nowhere to go. We’ll go to court. Why should the forest be destroyed? Let’s get orders to stop any construction work that may be taken up here. (They leave together.) 40 04/09/2019 16:05:25 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 40
(After a few days) Pine tree: Good news! The Green Forest will not be cut down! Eucalyptus tree and Neem tree: Great news! Peepal tree (to the Pine tree): Who told you that? Pine tree: W ell, I have my reliable sources. A little birdie told me that the court has ordered that no construction should take place here. The environmentalists have saved us. Everybody is talking about it. We are all safe. All the trees: G od bless the environmentalists. Humans should understand that they are closest to God when they are close to nature. 1) What was the old man planning to make on the land? Ans. 2) What did the pine tree tell the other trees at the start? Ans. 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct verb forms from the brackets. a) Her finger started to __________________________ (bled/bleed) when she cut it. b) Ram __________________________ (hold/held) the arrow in his hand. c) The dog __________________________ (bite/bit) Geeta as she tried to slap it. 4) The meaning of the word ‘environmentalist’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) residents a) gain 2) facilities b) people who stay somewhere for a long time 3) profit c) special equipment or places provided for particular purposes Reading Comprehension 41 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 41 04/09/2019 16:05:25
Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. India was celebrating its Republic Day on the 26th of January. It was a national holiday. Mr Gupta was very annoyed and in a bad mood. He had had to close his factory and give the workers time off from work. A lot of work was incomplete and left undone. His profits would suffer. Mr Gupta was driving his luxury car with the air conditioner on full blast. At the traffic light, he slowed down and then stopped as the light turned red. His mood worsened. Just then, he happened to look out of the window and see a boy selling Indian flags. The boy was dressed in torn clothes, but his smile was infectious and lit up his face. On a whim, Mr Gupta rolled the window down and called out to him, ‘I want two flags’. The boy immediately ran over to him and handed him the flags, saying ‘Please give me change.’ Mr Gupta took out a ` 20 note and held it out. ‘No, change please’, repeated the boy. Mr Gupta was surprised. ‘I am giving change’, he said. ‘The flags are for ` 1 each, please give me ` 2 only’, said the boy. Mr Gupta was amazed. ‘How can you sell them for so less?’ he asked. ‘Today is Republic Day. Today, we are not doing business. We do that every other day. We are doing our bit for our country. The flags actually cost one rupee, so we are selling them at that rate’, the boy answered. Mr Gupta was taken aback. The poor, uneducated street boy valued his country more than him. He felt terribly ashamed. 1) Why did Mr Gupta have to give his workers time off from work? Ans. 42 04/09/2019 16:05:26 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 42
2) Why were the flags being sold at a cheaper rate? Ans. 3) Write the gender of the following nouns from the passage. (masculine, feminine, neuter, common) a) workers Ans. ______________________________________________ b) window Ans. ______________________________________________ c) country Ans. ______________________________________________ 4) The antonym of ‘educated’ is . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) annoyed a) c apable of being easily spread to other people 2) infectious b) a sudden wish or desire 3) whim c) slightly angry Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 43 Reading Comprehension 43 04/09/2019 16:05:26
Module 9 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Homophones Grammar Adverbs Formal Writing Message writing Creative Writing Story writing 44 04/09/2019 16:05:26 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 44
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and answer the questions. 1) What will you see bats doing if you enter a dark cave in the daytime? [ ] [ ] a) eating b) flying around [ ] [ ] c) hanging upside down from the ceiling d) sitting on the floor [ ] 2) What do we call animals that venture out at night? a) amphibians b) bats c) scary d) nocturnal 3) Name the two categories of bats. a) microbats and megabats b) megabats and minibats c) microbats and giant bats d) microbats and minibats 4) How are bats our friends? a) They eat insects that disturb us. b) They live in caves. c) They are good pets. d) They fly only at night. 5) How do bats find food at night? a) by using smell b) by using echolocation c) by using their eyes d) by using their claws Module 9 45 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 45 04/09/2019 16:05:27
PR Vocabulary Q Homophones Homophones are same-sounding words that have different spellings and meanings. Examples: The first number is one. I won the race. A rose is a beautiful flower. Flour is used in baking. The knight held up his sword. The stars appear at night. Exercise 3.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct homophones from the options given in brackets. 1) It has ___________________ (been/bean) a long time since we last met. 2) Would you like me to call ___________________ (hymn/him) as well? 3) The baby was ___________________ (bored/board), so he started crying. 4) I did not ___________________ (here/hear) the class bell ring. 5) Orange ___________________ (peel/peal) is very useful in making medicines. 46 Pinnacle_G5_G&C_T2.indb 46 04/09/2019 16:05:28
Search
