4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES - II WORKBOOK PART-2 Name: ____________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: ______ School: ____________________________
Preface ClassKlap partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. ClassKlap presents the latest version of the VISA NEP series – updated and revised after considering the perceptive feedback and comments shared by our experienced reviewers and users. Designed specifically for CBSE schools, the VISA NEP series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005. Furthermore, to facilitate comprehensive coverage and improved understanding of diverse themes, the EVS curriculum has been split into EVS – I and EVS – II. Our books also strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. The NCF 2005 advocates the creation of age-appropriate and easily relatable content that ensures that students can perceive social realities while imbibing the values of the Indian Constitution and human rights. The NCF also recommends the use of graphics, illustrations and pictures to help students to engage with concepts and ideas better. These objectives are integrated in the VISA NEP EVS – II textbooks and workbooks to provide a holistic learning experience to students. The key features of the VISA NEP EVS – II books are as follows. Arrangement of concepts based on the RUAH model based on Bloom’s Taxonomy Character and dialogue-based introductions to concepts to ground EVS – II concepts in reality to make them relatable to students Visually engaging formats for the organisation and presentation of information In-text activities to assist memorisation and understanding Subject-related vocabulary building in every lesson Use of timelines and historical maps to help students to develop timeline, map and globe skills Use of maps and scenario-based questions in the workbooks Integration of values and life skills Promotes awareness and personal responsibility through dialogue and enquiry about the world around us Overall, the ClassKlap VISA NEP series aims to enhance social, cultural and analytical skills for the intuitive and harmonious growth of an individual in an interconnected and independent global community. – The Authors
Workbook Features I Remember I Understand Recollecting critical information Engaging with the ‘how’ and related to the ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘why’ of the concept ‘when’ and ‘where’ of the concept I Explore (H.O.T.S.) I Apply Extending the application of the concept to more advanced and Applying the understanding of challenging questions that meet the concept to questions related the criteria of higher order to real-life scenarios thinking skills Map Practice Developing spatial thinking abilities and sharpening map work skills for improved application and analysis of the concepts learned
Contents Class 4 7 Plateaus and Highlands of India 7.1 The Deccan Plateau and the Central Highlands .............................................................1 8 The Western Desert 8.1 Life in the Western Desert ...................................................................................................7 9 The Coastal Plains and the Islands of India 9.1 The Coastal Plains and the Islands..................................................................................12 10 Natural Resources: Forests and Soil 10.1 Natural Resources: Forests .............................................................................................17 10.2 Natural Resources: Soil...................................................................................................21 11 Some Famous Kingdoms of India 11.1 Some Powerful Dynasties of India .................................................................................26 11.2 The Mughal Empire .........................................................................................................30 12 Laws, Rights and Duties 12.1 The Indian Constitution...................................................................................................36 Map Practice................................................................................................................40
Lesson Plateaus and Highlands 7 of India Concept 7.1: The Deccan Plateau and the Central Highlands I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [] 1) Which is the largest region of India? (B) (A) The Northern Mountains The Peninsular Plateau (C) (D) The Coastal Plains The Western Desert 2) Which city is not on the Peninsular Plateau? [ ] (A) Hyderabad, Telangana (B) Nagpur, Maharashtra (C) Bengaluru, Karnataka (D) Nainital, Uttarakhand Fill in the Blanks 3) The ________________________ Plateau lies between the Aravalli hills and the Vindhya hills. 1
4) The Peninsular Plateau is ________________________ in shape. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Which river flows through the Peninsular Plateau and divides it into two regions? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Through which part of the Peninsular Plateau do the rivers Narmada, Godavari and Kaveri flow? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Where is the Malwa Plateau located? Which states does it cover? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Match the following Column B Column A a) flows towards the west 8) Deccan Plateau 9) Central Highlands b) has uneven slopes 10) Godavari c) is wider in the west 11) Narmada d) flows towards the east Short Answer Questions 12) Colour and label the part of the Peninsular Plateau that lies between the Ganga plains and the Vindhya Range. Complete the legend on the map. 2
Legend 13) Why are there many waterfalls in the Deccan Plateau? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Ruhi is making a chart on the Deccan Plateau for a project. Can you help her to complete the following chart? Plateaus and Highlands of India 3
a) Extent of the plateau b) The rivers _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ c) Soil found d) Special features _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Rashi is going on a school trip to a region where a lot of minerals are found. Which of the following places might she be going to? [] (A) Jaisalmer (B) Bokaro (C) Chennai (D) Darjeeling 4
16) If you visit a forest in the Peninsular Plateau, which of the following animals are you likely to find? [] (A) (B) (C) (D) Short Answer Questions 17) Anuj’s father is a coffee cultivator, and Aahil’s father works in a steel factory. Where are Anuj and Aahil likely to stay? Give reasons why it is so. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) Imagine you are standing on the banks of the river Narmada in Madhya Pradesh in June. What kind of climate will you find there? How is it different from the climate in Kerala? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Look at the given word search. Find eight words related to the plateaus and highlands in India. Some words may also be diagonally placed. Plateaus and Highlands of India 5
R S MC K V B E P I UARAZN PMEV V T JWL J I I N I H P YMCW I N I N VU YCA Z A E ND OR Z P PHWR S H NA RMAD A A U Y HQF P HC I L L A MA J WDM Z S AW T OB ACCO Y R D I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Is the Deccan Plateau suitable for the cotton industry? What are the factors that influence the setting up of a cotton factory in this region? Hints: • What kind of soil is good for cotton? • What are the other resources needed for the cultivation of cotton? • What are the resources needed for an industry? • How does the climate of a place affect industries? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6
Lesson The Western Desert 8 Concept 8.1: Life in the Western Desert I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) In which part of India is the Great Indian Desert located? [] [] (A) north-eastern India (B) north-western India (C) south-eastern India (D) south-western India 2) Which of the following cities is located in the Great Indian Desert? (A) Jamshedpur (B) Jodhpur (C) Jangipur (D) Jabalpur Fill in the Blanks 3) ________________________ carried sand from different places and deposited it to form the Great Indian Desert. 4) The ________________________ is to the south of the Great Indian Desert. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What is the other name for the Great Indian Desert? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Name a famous hill station in the Aravalli hills. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Name the states covered by the Great Indian Desert. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7
____________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) Summer days are warm in the Indian desert. [] 9) Most plants in a desert can be found around sand dunes. [] 10) People rear goats and sheep in the Thar Desert. [] 11) Bajra is not a popular crop in the Thar Desert. [] Short Answer Questions 12) What is an oasis? Why is there much greenery around an oasis in a desert? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13) Why are the days in the Great Indian Desert hot while the nights are cold? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Why is water scarce in the desert? How has scarcity of water affected the food habits of people in the desert? Explain with examples. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 8
I Apply [] Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following animals is not found in the Thar desert? (A) (B) (C) (D) 16) Which of the following occupations is common in the Great Indian Desert? [ ] (A) (B) Tourist guide Fishing (C) (D) Jute-weaving Salt-making The Western Desert 9
Short Answer Questions 17) Can you think of four problems faced by the people living in the desert? List them. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) In a desert, are you more likely to see a neem tree or a cactus plant? Why? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Label the different body parts of the camel that makes it a ‘unique desert animal’. Also, explain how those body parts help the camel to survive in the desert. Ans. Body part Function 10
I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Have you seen water getting wasted? How? Do you think there is a need to conserve water? Can you think of ways in which rainwater can be stored for later use? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ The Western Desert 11
The Coastal Plains and Lesson 9 the Islands of India Concept 9.1: The Coastal Plains and the Islands I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Where are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands located? [] [] (A) Arabian Sea (B) Mediterranean Sea (C) Indian Ocean (D) Bay of Bengal 2) Which of the following is bordered by the Arabian Sea? (A) Western Coastal Plains (B) Eastern Coastal Plains (C) Western Ghats (D) Eastern Ghats Fill in the Blanks 3) The group of islands known as ________________________ is located in the Arabian Sea. 4) The Western Coastal Plains have ________________________-flowing rivers. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Which of the two groups of islands consists of 349 islands? Andaman and Nicobar Islands Lakshadweep Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 12
6) What helps to keep the weather on the islands cool? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘coastal plains’. Name any four states covered by the Coastal Plains of India. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Circle the Correct Word 8) More rainfall occurs on the western / eastern part of the Coastal Plains. 9) The Godavari / Narmada is a river of the Eastern Coastal Plains. 10) The width of the Western Coastal Plains is more / less than the Eastern Coastal Plains. 11) Due to the climate, the islands have many forests / cities. Short Answer Questions 12) How are deltas formed on the Eastern Coastal Plains? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13) On the given map of India, colour and label the coastal plains where rivers flow swiftly. Also, make a legend for the map. The Coastal Plains and the Islands of India 13
Long Answer Question 14) Aloka goes on a road trip from Kolkata to Chennai. On her journey, she comes across many deltas but only a few ports. Along which region of India is she travelling? Can you explain why she does not see many ports in this region? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 14
I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Joseph lives in a town on the Western Coastal Plains. Which physical feature is most likely to affect his occupation? [] (A) Arabian Sea (B) Thar Desert (C) South China Sea (D) Bay of Bengal 16) If you were a fruit seller in Port Blair, which of the following fruits can you get from the local farmers? [] (A) coconut (B) apple (C) orange (D) apricot Short Answer Questions 17) Why do you think salt is collected from coastal plains? Ans. ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 18) If you visit a town in the coastal plains, what kind of clothes will you carry? Why? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) During the summer vacations, Rashi went with her family to Puri, a coastal city in Odisha. Meher spent his summer vacation in Tarkarli, a coastal village in Maharashtra. Rashi called Meher. Fill in the blanks to complete their conversation. Rashi: (excited) Meher, I saw the ________________________ at Puri! Which sea did you see? The Coastal Plains and the Islands of India 15
Meher: The ________________________. I can see many hills of the ________________________ from here. Can you see any hills? Rashi: Yes, I can see hills of the Eastern Ghats. Meher: We watched the sunset from the banks of the ________________________ river yesterday. Rashi: We visited the place where the Bhargavi river met the sea. There was a big ________________________ at the point where the river met the sea. Meher: Which river do you think flows more swiftly? Rashi: ________________________ Meher: Have you seen any ships yet? Tomorrow we will go to a ________________________ where we will find many ships. Rashi: ________________________. Meher: Oh, I see. That is very interesting! I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Can you tell what kind of physical feature is shown in the given picture? What are the various ways of reaching this place? What basic preparations are needed to visit it? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 16
Natural Resources: Lesson 10 Forests and Soil Concept 10.1: Natural Resources: Forests I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is made from wood? [ ] [ ] (A) glue (B) eraser (C) school bag (D) paper 2) Which of the following is not a natural resource? (A) air (B) plastic (C) water (D) sunlight Fill in the Blanks 3) ________________________ forests are found in cold regions. 4) The ________________________ is constantly made fresh by the forests. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Name two things we get from forests that can be used as medicine. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Name the type of forest found in hot and dry regions. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘forest’. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 17
I Understand Circle the Correct Word 8) Reforestation / Afforestation is to plant trees in an area where there was no forest earlier. 9) Rosewood / Teak tree does not shed its leaves completely. 10) Trees such as bamboo and teak have broad leaves to catch snow / sunlight. 11) Eucalyptus trees are called evergreen because they never / always shed their leaves. Short Answer Questions 12) How do the roots of trees growing in tidal forests get air? Give an example of tidal forest. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13) Why do plants in scrub forests have long roots? Where are they found in India? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Label the given pyramid. Can you explain in your own words what this pyramid shows? Ans. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 18
I Apply [] Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following pictures shows deforestation? (A) (B) (C) (D) 16) What activity is taking place in the [] given picture? (A) harvesting (B) fishing (C) mining (D) farming Short Answer Questions 17) Meher and Morad were walking through a scrub forest. Suddenly, a thorn pricks Meher’s hand. Meher gets annoyed and says that plants should not have thorns. Do you agree with Meher? Why do you think some plants have thorns? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Natural Resources: Forests and Soil 19
18) Rashi went to visit a tyre factory in Chennai. She got to know that there used to be a forest there a long time ago. What kind of trees could have grown in the forest? Why do you think the forest was cleared? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Look at the two pictures given below. Can you identify the types of forests shown? Discuss three ways in which these forests differ from each other. Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Draw a picture to show deforestation. How long will it take to regrow an entire forest? 20
Can you suggest a way to increase the tree cover in your neighbourhood? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Concept 10.2: Natural Resources: Soil I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) In which type of soil do spices grow? [] [] (A) alluvial soil (B) mountain soil (C) laterite soil (D) red soil 2) Red soil is suitable to grow which of the following crops? (A) apple (B) cotton (C) groundnut (D) rice Natural Resources: Forests and Soil 21
Fill in the Blanks 3) There are ________________________ types of soil found in India. 4) ________________________ soil is found in areas where there is heavy rainfall. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Which soil supports the growth of sugarcane and cotton? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) In which region of India is alluvial soil found? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘soil’. How many layers does it have? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) The top soil contains decomposed remains of plants and animals. [] 9) Soil contains microorganisms and insects in it. [] 10) The bottom layer of soil is known as subsoil. [] 11) Soil erosion occurs when it becomes very cold. [] Short Answer Questions 12) Mention two ways in which soil erosion takes place. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 22
13) What helps in preserving the soil from erosion in windy regions? How does it do so? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Draw a mind map to show how soil affects plant and animal life. Hints: • How does soil affect plant and animal life? • How is animal life dependent on other animals? Ans. I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Nalini is a farmer. She stays in a village in coastal Karnataka. Which crop do you think Nalini grows? [] (A) (B) Coffee Apple Natural Resources: Forests and Soil 23
(C) (D) Gram Groundnut 16) Raman wants to grow a small garden in his school. He and his friends are collecting soil. Which part of the soil should they collect to ensure good plant growth? [] (A) topsoil (B) subsoil (C) broken down fragments (D) parent rock Short Answer Questions 17) Take a look at these two pictures. Which place do you think is more likely to experience soil erosion? Why? Place A Place B Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) In which state of India would it be easy to grow an apple tree? Why? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 24
Long Answer Question 19) Imagine that the soil in your region has been completely eroded. What can be the possible results of this? Discuss any four ways in which this would affect the region. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Where do you live? Find out the kind of soil that is found in your region. What kind of crops can you grow in this region? Find out the same about two of your relatives who live somewhere else, and complete the table given below. Ans. I Relative 1 Relative 2 Name Place Type of soil Crops that can be grown (draw and write) Natural Resources: Forests and Soil 25
Lesson Some Famous 11 Kingdoms of India Concept 11.1: Some Powerful Dynasties of India I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following was one of the earliest types of government? [ ] [ ] (A) democracy (B) dynasty (C) monarchy (D) republic 2) Which dynasty was the first to rule over a large united kingdom in India? (A) Mauryan dynasty (B) Chola dynasty (C) Gupta dynasty (D) Sena dynasty Fill in the Blanks 3) The ________________________ dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in India. 4) Kingdoms had the power to create and ___________________ laws. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Name the famous mathematician who lived during the Gupta period. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) What did subjects pay to a king in return for protection? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) What is an empire? Name an Indian emperor. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 26
______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Circle the Odd One Chola dynasty Mauryan dynasty Bhalla dynasty 8) Gupta dynasty Ashoka Kalinga Ashoka Pillar 9) 300 BC – 158 BC Kalidasa 300 BC – 1279 AD Rajendra Chola I 10) Kallanai dam Aryabhata the Mughals 320 AD – 550 AD 11) Samudragupta Short Answer Questions 12) Draw a timeline showing the periods during which the Mauryan dynasty ruled. Ans. 13) Why did the Mauryan empire not increase in size after the Battle of Kalinga? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Use the clues given below to solve the crossword puzzle. Across 1. A ruler known for creating a great army and a powerful navy 3. An area ruled by a king or a queen 4. When the rulers of a kingdom are from the same family Some Famous Kingdoms of India 27
Down [] 2. The empire which had an army of soldiers on horseback 12 3 4 I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) During which dynasty was the monument in the picture built? Jama Masjid (A) Cholas (B) Mauryas (C) Pallavas (D) Mughals 16) This structure was made under the rule of Ashoka. What is the significance [ ] of the structure in the present day? (A) It is the national emblem of India. (B) It is the national monument of India. (C) It is the national pillar of India. (D) It is the national tower of India. A pillar constructed by Ashoka 28
Short Answer Questions 17) In the past, people moved from one kingdom to another. Can you think of any two reasons for doing so? Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) If you were to choose a dynasty to rule India today, which one would you pick? Why? Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Imagine that you are the ruler of an ancient kingdom. How would you make sure the kingdom is safe and prosperous? Write how you would rule and be remembered by future generations. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Every kingdom in India has left behind something by which future generations remember it. Find out three such places that are not mentioned in the book. Paste the pictures of those places and complete the table given. Some Famous Kingdoms of India 29
Name [] of place Ruler History of the place/ monument Photo Concept 11.2: The Mughal Empire I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which Mughal emperor built the Jama Masjid ? (A) (B) Shah Jahan Aurangzeb (C) (D) Jahangir Humayun 30
2) During which period did the Mughal Empire rule over India? [] (A) mid-16th century to 17th century (B) early 16th century to the mid-18th century (C) 17th century to 19th century (D) early 15th century to the mid-18th century Fill in the Blanks 3) ________________________ was the first Mughal emperor. 4) ________________________ lost the control of parts of the Mughal Empire to Afghan rebels. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Which ruler brought the Mughal Empire to its greatest size? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Who became the Mughal emperor at the age of 13? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Where did Babur come from? How did he create the Mughal Empire? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) The Mughal Empire was smaller than the Mauryan Empire. [ ] 9) Aurangzeb became the emperor forcefully. [ ] 10) The Mughal Empire became strong after the death of Aurangzeb. [ ] 11) Music and poetry were of importance to Akbar. [ ] Short Answer Questions 12) Write any two ways in which Akbar and Aurangzeb differed in the way they ruled. Some Famous Kingdoms of India 31
Ans. Akbar Aurangzeb 13) Rearrange the following events in the order in which they took place. a) In 1648, Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan. b) In 1526, Babur came to India. c) Jahangir became the king in 1605. d) In 1542, Akbar was born. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) If you were the emperor of a large empire with people of different religions, how will you maintain peace within the empire? Discuss any four ways you would do so. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 32
I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following is not used to draw comparison between empires? [ ] ] (A) size of the empire (B) popularity of the ruler (C) size of the ruler’s family (D) religious policies of the ruler 16) Which of the following emperors was the first to be in favour of all religions? [ (A) Babur (B) Ashoka (C) Samudragupta (D) Akbar Short Answer Questions 17) Can you identify the two monuments pictured below? What is your understanding of the religious beliefs of the rulers who built them? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) Shambhu is a Hindu artisan. Under which Mughal emperor would he have lived a comfortable life? Why do you think so? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) The British Empire was the largest empire in history. It was often described as the empire on which ‘the sun never set’. The empire extended over a vast area on six continents of the world. The first British colony was established in the sixteenth century. The British Some Famous Kingdoms of India 33
used to trade slaves from Africa. They also set up missionaries to spread Christianity. Today, some of the countries that were British colonies are known as countries of the Commonwealth. The Empire tried to spread European art and showed no interest in the art of the colonies they ruled over. But the artists from Europe as well as those from the colonies influenced each other’s work later. Finally, in 1997, the Empire came to an end. The British Empire Based on the information in the passage, compare the British and the Mughal Empires. Feature British Empire Mughal Empire 34
I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Did you know that many dynasties are still flourishing all over the world? Find out about two dynasties that are not in power anymore but still exist. Write about them here. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Some Famous Kingdoms of India 35
Lesson Laws, Rights and Duties 12 Concept 12.1: The Indian Constitution I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) When did the Constitution of India come into force? [] (A) 26 January 1930 (B) 26 January 1950 (C) 15 August 1947 (D) 15 August 1950 2) What is the national song of India? [] (A) Vande mataram (B) Jana gana mana (C) Saare jahan se achha (D) Ae mere watan ke logon Fill in the Blanks 3) The Constitution of India is the ________________________ written constitution in the world. 4) The Indian Constitution was written by ________________________ and a team of very educated leaders of India. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What do we call the symbols that represent India? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) Which is the national river of India? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘constitution’. Mention one thing that a constitution tells us. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 36
I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) Our Fundamental Right is to follow the Constitution and respect it. [] 9) According to the Right to Equality, we are all equal, no matter what our [] religion, gender or place of birth is. 10) National symbols say that everybody is equal. [] 11) The Indian Constitution states that children up to the age of 10 have [] the right to receive free education. Short Answer Questions 12) Why is the Preamble important? Can you think of a value that it stands for? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 13) Explain the meaning of ‘Fundamental Duties’. Mention any one such duty that you think is important. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question B R AMB E D K A R EQUA L I T Y D J 14) Look at the given word search puzzle. HU TOJ E L NUU Find and circle eight words related to NW L WGMG F T S the Constitution of India. B Z BBUXRX I T F R E E D OM X E I R E PUB L I CSC P L UW L Z H R B E P R E AMB L E NA UH R R I GH T SM Laws, Rights and Duties 37
I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Mayura’s parents are doctors. But she wants to become a fashion designer. According to you, which fundamental right allows Mayura to become a fashion designer? [ ] (A) Right to Equality (B) Right to Freedom (C) Right to Education (D) Right against Exploitation 16) Why should we stand up when we sing ‘Jana gana mana’? [] (A) It is a holy song. (B) It is our national song. (C) It was written by Rabindranath Tagore. (D) It is our national anthem. Short Answer Questions 17) Look at the following pictures. Which Fundamental Duties should we follow to prevent these from happening? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) Kabir is an 11-year-old boy who does not go to school as his parents cannot pay the school’s fees. Is there anything in the Constitution that can help children like him? If yes, how? 38
Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Rashi follows Jainism, whereas Meher follows Zoroastrianism. They can use all the public facilities without any discrimination. They can wear clothes of their choice. They can study in a school for free till their fifteenth birthday. Identify the rights given to Indian citizens that allow Rashi and Meher to do so. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) If given a chance to make your own constitution, what are the values you will keep in mind while writing it? Give reasons. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Laws, Rights and Duties 39
Map Practice 1) On the given map of India, mark and label the following. Make a key to show what you have marked. a) the landform that has resulted from volcanic activity b) the landform that has many waterfalls c) the region where ‘bajre ki roti’ is a popular food item d) the range that separates the Thar Desert from the Peninsular Plateau 40
2) On the given map of India, mark and label the following. a) an area where travelling nomads can be found (yellow) b) an area where cotton is grown (purple) c) an area where spices are grown (green) d) an area where a delta has formed (blue) Map Practice 41
3) On the given map of India, mark and label the following. a) Eastern Coastal Plains b) Western Coastal Plains c) Andaman and Nicobar Islands d) Lakshadweep e) Rann of Kutch f) Satpura Range g) Rajmahal hills h) Vindhya Range 42
4) Mark the following on the given map of India. a) an area where coniferous forests are found (dark green) b) an area where trees have broad, flat leaves (light green) c) an area where mangroves are found (purple) d) an area where an oasis can be seen (dark blue) e) an area where dolphins are a common sight (light blue) f) an area where eucalyptus and rosewood trees grow (pink) g) an area where babul trees grow (brown) h) an area where tea and coffee is grown (orange) Map Practice 43
5) On the given map of India, colour and label the states where you will find the following. a) Kallanai Dam b) Mount Abu c) Jama Masjid d) Taj Mahal 44
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