202110216-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-ENGLISH-G07-PART2

3. Why didn`t Har Singh climb the tree? 4. Did the tiger attack Har Singh? 5. What happened to Har Singh after the tiger sprang on him? Antonyms 1. uphill × 2. privately × 3. educated × 4. familiar × 5. fortunate × UNIT- VII Reading A The Wonderful World of Chess 1. Read the following passage carefully: The benefits of playing chess are innumerable. Some say it refreshes their mind while others say it improves their memory, concentration and logical thinking. In fact some experiments have proved that it does all these things. Since chess involves a number of calculations, it increases our mathematical abilities and problem solving skills .That is why it is taught in as many as 30 countries including Venezuela, Russia and Ice - land. Answer the following questions: 1. What are the benefits of playing chess? 2. What do some people feel about chess? 3. What is the opinion of other people towards chess? 100

4. How does chess increase mathematical abilities and problem solving skills? 5. How many countries teach chess as a school subject? Comprehension Passage II: Read the following passage carefully: This wonderful game of chess is a gift of India to the world. The Hindus believe that it was invented by Queen Mandodari, the wife of king Ravana. However, historian H.J.R. Murray holds that it was invented by a scholar from North - West India in the fifth century. Answer the following questions: 1. Which country gifted chess to the world? 2. What do the Hindus believe about the origin of chess? 3. Who was Queen Mandodari's husband? 4. According to historian H.J.R. Murray who invented chess ? 5. In which century the scholar invented the wonderful game of chess? Reading B CHESS Read the following lines carefully: I like to think chess is a courteous game, I play it with family and friends I like to think chess is a peaceful game, Nobody gets hurt when it ends. I never distract my opponent, I don't want to act like a pest. On the board we're enemies, Off the board we're friends. 101

Answer the following questions: 1. What type of game is chess? 2. Does anybody get hurt at the end of the game? 3. Is chess a physical game or mental game? 4. How are the players on the board? Why? 5. How are the players off the board? Reading C Koneru Humpy Read the passage carefully: Koneru Humpy was born on the 31st of March 1987 at Gudivada, Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. Her father, Koneru Ashok worked as a lecturer in chemistry. He was a wonderful chess player, who won the South India Open Championship in 1985. Young Humpy got attracted towards the game at a very young age of just 5 years. Her father soon spotted her extraordinary skills in the game and realised she could become a great player if conditioned properly. Ashok look the bold decision of giving up his job to concentrate fully upon Humpy's chess career. Answer the following questions: 1. When was Koneru Humpy born and where? 2. Who was Koneru Humpy's father ? 3. What was Ashok's profession? 4. Did Ashok win many championships in chess? 5. Why did Ashok give up his job? 102

Antonyms × × 1. Demotion × 2. Expectedly × 3. Buying × 4. Remember 5. Successful UNIT -VIII Reading A Snakes In India I. Read the following passage carefully: Of the death - dealing quartet, the Russell's viper is found from the paddy fields and river valleys of north India to the densely forested hills of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka in the south. Tan, or brownish, thick bodied, and reaching a length of one meter, it has long movable fangs that injects a large account of venom, making it even more dangerous than the Indian cobra. Answer the following questions. 1. Where are the Russell's vipers mostly found? 2. In which part of India can we find Russell's viper more in number? 3. What is the length of Russell's viper? 4. What is the colour of the Russell's viper`s body? 5. Which is more poisonous, Indian cobra or Russell's viper? 103

Comprehension Passage II Read the below passage and answer the following questions Contrary to what many people believe, most snakes are timid, nocturnal creatures feeding mostly on rats, nice, frogs, loads, lizards or birds. They attach humans only when actually stepped upon, or provoked in some way. Precautions such as wearing shoes and long trousers when walking through high grass and undergrowth, will lessen the risk of being bitten, for most snake bites in India occur as people walk barefoot. Answer the following questions: 1. Do you think that snakes are brave? 2. What do the snakes feed on? 3. When do the snakes attack humans? 4. What are the precautions to lessen snake bites? 5. Why do more people die of snake bites in India? Reading B Trees Read the following lines carefully. Trees are the kindest thing I know, They do no harm, they simply grow. And spread a shade for sleepy cows, And gather birds among their boughs. They give us fruits in leaves above, And wood to make our houses of Answer the following questions 1. Who is 'I' in the above lines? 2. What do trees give us? 104

3. How does tree help the animals? 4. Do trees harm anyone? 5. How are birds helped by the trees? Reading C A Letter from Mother Earth Read the following passage carefully I give you food to eat, like rice, wheat and fruits you also wear clothes made of cotton and live in a house made of leaves, wood and bricks all of which come from me. Long ago, humans used to worship me as a goddess and they used to take care of me. But now they have big axes to cut my trees down and cars and buses to pollute my air with smoke and fumes. They don't respect me anymore. Now answer the following questions: 1. Who is 'I' in the above passage? 2. What does the earth give us? 3. What did the humans do long ago ? 4. How are the humans destroying the earth? 5. What does the Mother Earth say in the last line of the paragraph? . Antonyms 1. drab × 2. resolve × 3. request × 4. stress × 5. idle × 105

Unseen Comprehension Passages Template for unseen passages These passages or stanzas (from poems) have been picked up from various sources on a variety of topics. They would be immensely beneficial to the students in enhancing their thinking skills and substantiating their understanding. The key concept of CCE, the '5 W and 1 H' has been emphatically incorporated into this section as well. Students must be encouraged to do them on their own. The different type of questions like multiple choice, True or False, fill in the blanks and content based questions would help the children from the examination point of view 1. Read the passage carefully:- Yoga is an ancient art which originated in India around six thousand years ago. Yoga helps in balancing the relationship between body and mind. It is a type of exercise which helps in learning physical and mental discipline through regular practice. Various types of yoga are Raja Yoga, Gnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga and Hatha Yoga. Hatha Yoga simply refers to the practice of physical yoga postures. Yoga, as an integral part of our culture, has been practised in India for centuries as a way of freeing the mind and body . International Day of Yoga or World Yoga Day has been declared by the United Nations General Assembly to be celebrated on 21st of June after the suggestion and initiation of India. Its main objective is to increase the awareness of yoga benefits among people all over the world. Answer the following questions. 1. What are the two ways in which yoga is beneficial? 2. When do we observe “ The World Yoga Day”? 3. Who declared “ the World Yoga Day” ? 4. How many kinds of yoga are mentioned in the passage? Write True or False against the sentences . () 1. Yoga is a modern art () 2. Yoga is only a physical exercise () 3. Yoga has been an integral part of our culture. 106

2. Read the following passage. Dr.APJ Abdul Kalam’s full name was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam. He was born in a Tamil Muslim family on 15th Oct 1931 at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu. He was an ordinary student at school and he had average grades, though he used to be highly appreciated for his will to study. He had his schooling at Ramanathapuram. He studied his B.Sc., from St. Joseph College in Tiruchirapalli. Then he moved to Madras in 1955 to study Aerospace Engineering in IIT Madras. As a child he had a dream of becoming a fighter pilot. But he missed his chance very narrowly. This great personality is popularly known as ‘ Missile Man’. He breathed his last while giving a lecture at IIM, Shillong on 27th July 2015. He may not be present physically but his works will always be remembered. And all we can do is to contribute our part as a new generation kid in making India a developed country. This is what he expressed in his book ‘India 2020-A Vision for the New Millennium’. Answer the following questions. 1. What is the message given by kalam in his book, “India 2020-A Vision for the New Millennium”? 2. What was Kalam’s ambition as a student? 3. When did Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam pass away? 4. Where did Kalam have his schooling? 5. Describe some qualities of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. 6. Give a suitable title to the passage. 3. Read the following passage. Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (born on 24 April 1973), is an Indian cricketer widely acknowledged as one of the greatest batsman of all times. He took up cricket at the age of eleven and made his test debut against Pakistan at the age of 16. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in one day international, the only player to complete more than 30,000 runs. Tendulkar received the Arjuna Award in 1994, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1997, Padma Shri in 1999 and Padma Vibhushan in 2008. After a few hours of his final match on 16 November 2013, the Prime Minister`s office announced the decision to award him the ‘ Bharat Ratna’, India’s highest civilian award. In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya sabha. The great qualities that we can learn from Sachin are many. His greatness lies in his simplicity and humility. He is encouraging and supportive to his co- players. He is very cool, calm and he worships his work. Since childhood he has chased his dreams. He has always spread happiness. 107

Answer the following questions. 1. When did Sachin Tendulkar make his debut? 2. Name some awards won by Sachin. 3. What was Sachin’s contribution to cricket? 4. When was the announcement to give him the Bharat Ratna made? 5. Mention some adjectives which you could use to describe Sachin. 4. Read the following passage. A woman was visiting Hyderabad for the first time. She wanted to see the Charminar. Unfortunately, she couldn’t find it, so she asked a police officer for directions. “ Excuse me, officer, how do I get to the Charminar?” The officer replied “ Wait here at this bus stop for number ‘65’ bus. It’ll take you right there.” She thanked the officer and he drove off. Three hours later the police officer returned to the same area and, sure enough, the woman was still waiting at the same bus stop. The officer got out of his car and said, “ Excuse me, but to get to the Charminar, I said to wait here for the number 65 bus. That was three hours ago. Why are you still waiting?” The woman replied, “ Don’t worry, officer, it won’t be long now. The 56th bus just went by!” Answer the following questions. 1. Why did the woman go to Hyderabad? 2. Whom did she ask for directions? 3. Did the woman reach the Charminar? 4. Which bus would take the passengers to the Charminar? 5. How many hours did the woman wait at the bus stop? 108

5. Read the following passage. Sita was a ten year old girl who went to school by bicycle every day. She was a kind hearted young girl, always trying to help people. She was very good at studies and always followed her teacher’s advice that one must always lend a helping hand to those in trouble. One morning, as she was on her way to school, she saw a blind man trying to cross the road in the midst of busy traffic and there was no one to help him. Sita, who saw this, parked her cycle in front of a shop and requested the shop owner to look after her cycle. Then she ran across to the blind man, took hold of his white cane and told him to walk with her. She waved her hand at all the vehicles signaling them to stop. All the vehicles stopped and they crossed the road safely. The blind man thanked the girl heartfully. Answer the following questions. 1. How did Sita go to school every day? 2. What was her teacher’s advice? 3. Pick out the word which means “ in the middle of”? 4. What was the blind man holding in his hand? 5. Why did the blind man thank Sita? 6. Describe the character of Sita. 6. Read the following passage. Siddhartha was born into the royal family of a small kingdom on the Indian Nepalese border. According to the traditional story, he had a privileged upbringing but was jolted out of his sheltered life on realizing that life includes harsh facts of old age, sickness and death. Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, Shakyamuni or simply the Buddha became a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. Born in the Shakya Republic in the Himalayan foothills, sometime between the sixth and forth centuries BCE, Gautama Buddha taught primarily in northeastern India. Lumbini in Nepal is considered to be his birth place. Buddha means “ awakened one” or “ the enlightened one. “Buddha” is also used as a title for the first awakened being in an era. In most Buddhist traditions, Siddhartha Gautama is regarded as the supreme Buddha (Palisammasam buddha, Sanskrit samyaksam buddha of our age). He attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya under a Bodhi Tree. 109

Answer the following questions. 1. What do you mean by the word “Buddha”? 2. Write the other names of “ Gautama Buddha”. 3. Which three sights jolted Siddhartha out of his sheltered life? 4. What do you understand by the word ‘ enlightened’ ? 5. When and where did he attain ‘enlightenment’ ? 110

IIIIII.. WWoorrdd--WWeebbss Unit-VI Bold A Hero Smart Smart Leader Brave Hero Confident Confident Intelligent Courageous PlanPnlainnnigng Shade Food Wood Medicine Trees Photosynthesis Green Oxygen Shelter 111

Unit-VII The Wonderful World of Chess Rook Bishop Grandmaster Defense Chess Logical thin king Game Calculations Knight Wickets Bat Umpire 11 Players Cricket Outdoor game Sachin World cup Ball 112

Unit- VIII Snakes in India Nurse Nurse Injection Ambulance Vaccination Hospital Doctor Operat ion Treatment theatr e EmeSyrrguepnscy Teacher Students Black boa rd Knowledge School Books Discipline Benches Principal 113

IV. Writing Discourses I. Dialogue Writing:- Dialogue writing is basically a conversation between two people. It could be a formal conversation or an informal conversation. Template:- The points that need to be kept in mind while writing a dialogue are:-  Type of participants ( For eg:- between friends or between teacher and students, etc)  The language used (for eg:- between friends informal words could be used where as between teacher and student, formal language has to be used.)  The topic to be covered.  Greetings to begin with and ending with concluding words.  Dialogue should be short and to the point. Write a dialogue between a student and a teacher who happened (by chance) to meet in the market. Student : Good Evening, Ma`am. What a pleasant surprise seeing Teacher you here! Student : Good evening, Mary. Yes I have come to the market after a long Teacher time. My nephew is arriving from Australia tomorrow, so I just Student came to pick up a few things he likes. Teacher : Would that be Rohan, about whom you told us in the class the Student other day? The boy who can eat fifty rossogullas at one time? : Yes, it is the same Rohan. Can you guess what I have come to buy now? :Rossogullas? (Smiling) Am I right? : Correct! (Laughing) I must hurry. See you in class tomorrow, dear, Bye. : Bye, Ma`am. Happy shopping for the rossogullas. 114

II Letter Writing – Informal You are Anita studying in Father Danien School, Nagpur. You have received a letter from your mother who has asked you to describe your new school. Now, write a letter to your mother describing your new school. The following hints may help you in writing this letter. 1. Describing teachers and friends of new school. 2. Explaining about dance, music classes. 3. Games and sports. 4. Comparison of old and new schools. 5. Regards to parents. Father Damien School, Nagpur, 27th January, 2016. My dear mother, I am sorry I could not write to you earlier about my new school. I have settled down well and I am happy, though, of course, this school is quite different from the one I last attended. The teachers are very kind, and the other girls are quite nice. But I miss my old companions a great deal. I am learning many things likegrammar, history and geography, besides music, dancing and painting. I do not like geography at all. I find it so dull. But I take interest in painting. I have painted a beautiful picture which I will show you when I come home. We have a large play ground, where we play all sorts of games in the evenings. I am looking forward to the Christmas holidays when I shall see you again. Give my love to papa and others at home. Your affectionate daughter, Anita To Mrs.Sharma, SV Apartment, Jyoti Nagar, Aurangabad 115

III Newspaper Report :- A report is essentially a prepared talk or a written composition about a particular subject. Common things we read every day in newspaper are reports about happenings in different parts of the country or world. Reports may be written or read about many other things like: 1 A newspaper report 2 A function held 3 An accident happening that you have witnessed 4 Report about an enquiry or survey. Template:-  A report should be factual, i.e, it should contain only facts and the writer should not add any information from his own side.  It should be written in third person, i.e. avoid use of pronouns like, I, me and you.  The language should be natural, i.e. it should not try to influence the readers' opinion.  Strong adjectives on figurative language/ ornamental language are avoided.  Nowhere should the writer impose his views or make any conclusions. Write a newspaper report about an accident where a bus runs over two school children. DTC bus runs over school children in capital DELHI, DEC 23rd : In what may be called another ghastly accident, two school boys Ashish and Binu were brutally run over by a Blueline bus operating in the Trilok Puri area. The boys who were on their way back home from school, were walking down the road when a speeding bus, which had swerved to the left to avoid collision with another bus coming from the opposite side, ran over two boys. The boys died instantly. The crowd on the busy road immediately reacted and prevented the bus driver from making his escape. The angry mob pulled out and beat him brutally. He is languishing in the hospital. Meanwhile an FIR has been lodged with local police station. The bus has been impounded and the driver’s license too has been confiscated. The SP Traffic has ordered an enquiry against the driver and the owner of the bus. Ravi M - Correspondent 116

IV. Invitation Card:- Invitations are a means to announce special occasions in a grand manner. Letting people know about the details of the occasion in charming designs and flowery words, just about defines an invitation. Template:- The following tips will help in designing an invitation card  The name of the programme must be bold and highlighted.  Details about venue, time, day and date must be given.  Key attractions of the programme with pictures must be presented.  Host’s name, phone number must be given at the bottom. Design an Invitation Card for the inauguration of their new Showroom at Pusa road by Lovely Prints . M/S LOVELY PRINTS Request the pleasure of your company on the auspicious occasion of the Inauguration of their new showroom THE PARADISE HOUSE For all kinds of ladies and children’s wear At 13-H, Pusa Road, New Delhi On Sunday, the 13th Dec, 2002 At 10 a.m. R.S.V.P M/s. Lovely Prints , New Delhi. Phone- 26430799 V Paragraph Writing:- A paragraph is a short composition which consists of a number of sentences linked together all relating to one topic. 117

Template:-  The first sentence is the topic sentence. It states the topic.  The body of the paragraph consists of the description of the main idea.  The final sentence sums up the whole idea.  Deals with one topic or one idea  Avoid unnecessary repetition of words. Write a paragraph about year favorite festival . My favorite festival My favorite festival is Diwali. Lights all around us, fire crackers zooming in the sky, happy children in new clothes, eating delicious sweets. This is what diwali is all about. What fun we have for four days beginning with ‘ Chhoti Diwali’ and ending with ‘ Bhai Duj’! The preparations for Diwali start much in advance. For days together mothers make sweets, and clean and decorate the houses . Presents and sweets are exchanged with relatives and friends. Families visit each other in their new clothes. Shops are loaded with sweets, buildings and houses are decorated with lights and earthen lamps. ‘Laxmi Puja’ is performed in the evening. Diwali is really a festival of joy. VI Letter Writing- formal We have discussed about informal letters in the previous units. Formal letters are further of many types- Business letters, letters to the Editor/ Manager/ Officer, letter applying for a job ,letter to principal, complaint letter etc. Template The following points need to be followed while writing a formal letter  Heading- Writer’s address and date  The superscription- receiver’s address  Subject: Topic of the letter  Salutation: Respected Sir/ Madam, etc  Body of the letter- content related to the topic  Subscription- Yours truly, Yours faithfully, etc. 118

Write a letter to the Municipal corporation about the insanitary condition of your area. Guntur Dt: 27th Jan, 2016. From K. Kiran Kumar, Sarada Colony, 15th line, Guntur. To The Muncipal Commissioner Municipal Corporation, Guntur. Sir, Subject:- Insanitary condition of Sarada colony 15th line. I am a resident of Sarada colony. I am sorry to bring to your notice that the sanitary conditions of our area have became worse since the last fifteen days. M o s t o f t h e d r a i n s a r e blocked and the dirty water with foul smell is flowing on the streets. Too many mosquitoes are breeding and troubling us day and night. There has been accumulated garbage in the dustbin for weeks and the roads are always dirty. I fear that dangerous diseases like cholera and Malaria would break out, if these conditions continue for some more days. Our behalf of the residents, I request that you send the sanitary staff immediately. They should clean the drains and spray bleaching powder along the canals. The roads should be swept daily and waste matter should be taken away regularly . I hope that you will take immediate measures which are necessary. Yours faithfully, K. Kiran Kumar 119

VII Creating an Advertisement Advertisements are powerful tools of expression. They are used either to make us aware of a new product launched or to spread a social message or to give certain information to the public. Advertisements involve a lot of creativity. Template  Content should be presented interestingly.  Short phrases must be used.  Pictures can be used for better impact.  An advertisement must have the sender’s details.  Contact number and e-mail address must be given.  Captions make them more noticeable. Key characteristics of an Advertisement  Catching attention  Stimulating interest  Arousing desire  Supplying details  Motivating action Create an advertisement for the inauguration of tribal crafts exhibition on October 29,2001 at 4.30 p.m. 120