Alpine-G5-Workbook-English-Part1

Preface IMAX partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. IMAX presents the latest version of the Alpine series – updated and revised after considering the perceptive feedback and comments shared by our experienced reviewers and users. Designed specifically for state board schools, the Alpine series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the State Curriculum Framework and National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005. Therefore, our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. NCF 2005 asserts that listening, speaking, reading and writing (LSRW) are all generalised skills, and students’ mastery over them is key to success at school. All these skills frequently need to be used together. Therefore, the Alpine English textbooks and workbooks strive to provide adequate opportunities for students to practise all the four LSRW skills. To this effect, the Alpine English textbooks and workbooks for state board schools offer the following features:  Themes recommended by the NCF across grades 1–5 in the literature pieces  Samples of Indian writing in English as well as popular English literature pieces from western countries  Pictures for word meanings in each lesson to help students with visual clues for new or difficult words  Non-detailed lessons to enable additional reading  A speaking project and two reading comprehension passages in each unit to further hone speaking and reading skills  Horizontal and vertical progression across grades for the grammar concepts covered in the workbooks, providing a spiral of cumulative learning  Samples of format-based writing to provide for scaffolding of learning of formal writing Overall, the IMAX Alpine English textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books aim to generate greater engagement with and enhance fluency in English language communication and empower students to develop a genuine appreciation of the language and its literature.  – The Authors

Dictation B C VDoicctatbiounlary A Dictation – Words from the lesson or sentences with commonly confused Helps to build vocabulary with spellings for dictation practice explanations and practice exercises Listening Audio – Questions based on an audio piece for listening practice (for DGircatmatmioanr Grades 4 and 5 only) Introduces and teaches an aspect of LDaicntgautiaogne in Use grammar with explanations and practice exercises Develops an aspect of language structure with explanations and practice DCircetaattiivoen Writing exercises Fosters creative writing skills by DFoicrmtaatiloWn riting encouraging students to imaginatively draw from real-life experiences Inculcates writing skills by introducing formal writing styles by providing samples and adequate practice

Theme 1: Peace and Harmony 1 Module 1 �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 David Copperfield 2 Module 2 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 15 The Happy Prince 3 Module 3 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 28 Community Peace Theme 2: Life Around Us 4 Module 4 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 31 Three Questions 5 Module 5 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 43 A Lesson in Addition 6 Module 6 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 54 Days with Kiki Theme 3: Art and Culture 7 Module 7 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 58 The Story of Eklavya 8 Module 8 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 71 Little Women 9 Module 9 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 85 The Coromandel Fishers

Lesson 1 David Copperfield Module 1 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Vocabulary Listening audio Grammar Prefixes Language in Use Formal Writing Abstract nouns Creative Writing Punctuation Paragraph writing Photo-based character sketch 1

Dictation Exercise 1.1: Word dictation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Exercise 1.2: Listening audio 1) How did people travel in the olden days? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Which was the first car manufacturer to use an assembly line? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What do modern cars use as fuel? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Mention two harmful effects of modern cars. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) Mention a measure that is being taken to reduce the pollution caused by modern cars. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2

B C Vocabulary A Prefixes A prefix is a letter or a group of letters added to the beginning of words in order to form new words. These new words usually have the opposite meaning or a different meaning. Examples: • possible – impossible In the example above, the word ‘possible’ becomes ‘impossible’ after the prefix ‘im-’ is added. Thus, a new word is formed that has the opposite or negative meaning. • happy – unhappy In the example above, the word ‘happy’ becomes ‘unhappy’ after the prefix ‘un-’ is added. Thus, a new word is formed that has the opposite or negative meaning. Exercise 2.1: Use any of the prefixes ‘un-’, ‘in-’, ‘im-’, ‘dis-’ or ‘mis-’ with the given base words to make new words. 1) suitable – ______________________________ 2) dependent – ______________________________ 3) proper – ______________________________ 4) obey – ______________________________ 5) behave – ______________________________ 6) complete – ______________________________ Exercise 2.2: Use a suitable prefix for the highlighted words and form new words. Rewrite the sentences using these new words. Ensure that the sentences are grammatically correct. 1) He does not like pets. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) I am not able to learn the trick. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ David Copperfield 3

3) It is not polite to stare at people. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Raman and Salim do not agree on this issue. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) Thomas did not continue his studies. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) This bed is not comfortable. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Grammar Nouns Read the following passage, identify the nouns and list them in the table given below. Chander was excited on the first day of his new school. Sacred Heart Convent was one of the best schools in town. Its teaching staff was well known. Chander’s friends also studied in the same class at the same school. Chander wore his uniform, packed his bag, grabbed a bunch of grapes and walked out of the house. His parents Ganesh and Neeru, his sister Megha, and his pet dog Rush were waiting for him. 'Why is the entire family coming along?' he wondered. Common nouns Proper nouns Collective nouns Let’s recall the different types of nouns that you’ve studied earlier. 4

Nouns (words used to name people, places, animals, things) Common nouns Proper nouns Collective nouns specific names given to general names given to people, places, animals and words that refer to groups people, places, animals of people, animals or things things and things (bed, lake, cat, girl, they begin with a capital letter (army, flock, hive, bunch) (Aayat, Asif, Sunday and Goa) alarm clock) Abstract nouns Read the following sentences: Little children have a lot of You can find useful information Our vacation was full of happiness and joy. curiosity. on the internet. The words 'curiosity', 'information', 'happiness', 'joy' are also nouns. Do you know what kind of nouns they are? curiosity a quality information ideas or concepts happiness, joy feelings or emotions Nouns that name ideas, feelings, qualities and concepts that cannot be felt, touched or seen are known as abstract nouns. David Copperfield 5

Many abstract nouns are formed from adjectives and verbs. However, they might differ in meaning from the nouns. Let’s look at a few examples. Adjectives Abstract Verbs Abstract nouns Common Abstract nouns nouns nouns kind obey obedience brother brotherhood strong kindness grow growth mother motherhood dark strength please pleasure child brave darkness act action slave childhood wise bravery laugh laughter scholar slavery wisdom scholarship Exercise 3.1: Identify the noun types and sort them into the correct columns of the given table. One is done for you. 1) 2)       3)      choir Thomas Edison school 4)    6)      5) dancers team Bruno Common nouns Collective nouns Proper nouns     Thomas Edison Exercise 3.2 Underline the abstract nouns in the given sentences. One is done for you. 1) King Solomon is known for his wisdom. 2) We get knowledge from books. 6

3) He believes in kindness. 4) Health is better than wealth. 5) Most of her childhood was spent playing tennis. 6) The wolves disappeared into the darkness. Exercise 3.3: Underline the nouns in the following sentences and write them in the correct columns of the table given below. One is done for you. 1) India gained independence in 1947. 2) The cruelty of the king made the people dislike him. 3) A pack of wolves caught the deer. 4) Hercules was known for his bravery and strength throughout Greece. 5) The crowd was walking towards the palace. 6) Rahul bought a bouquet of roses for his mother. Common nouns Proper nouns Collective nouns Abstract nouns India independence Language in Use Punctuation Rewrite the given sentences by correcting the usage of punctuation marks and capital letters. 1) when are you coming back from delhi! Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ David Copperfield 7

2) i will buy fish chips and cheese from the supermarket. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Reena is very excited to be in chennai. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Wow what a beautiful painting. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) dad wait for me. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ Here are the various rules of punctuation that we’ve learnt so far. Punctuation marks and Usages Examples capital letters It is placed at the end of a I will travel tomorrow. sentence or statement. Full stop It is placed at the end of a Where are we going? question. Question mark It is used to separate: •  We ate chips, cake, •  three or more words or candies and ice cream Comma at the party. items in a list. 8 •  Percy, the colourful •   the person addressed. parrot

Punctuation marks and Usages Examples capital letters •  It is placed at the end of •   What a beautiful Exclamation mark sentences that convey beach! emotions (happiness, excitement, frustration or anger). •  It is placed after •  Oh dear! This room is so interjections. messy. Use capital letters: • at the beginning of a • They wanted to sing songs. sentence. •  S achin Tendulkar lives in • as the first letter of a proper Mumbai. noun. • Reeta and I will come to Capital letters •  for the pronoun ‘I’. the party. Colon and semicolon Read the following sentences: Rosey has only one friend: We read books by three Our football match starts at Tina. (word) authors: Roald Dahl, J.K. 8:30 a.m. (separating hours Rowling and Charles Dickens. from minutes) (list) Notice the use of the colon (:) in the above sentences. •  It is used to introduce a word, sentence or list. It makes the reader stop and pay attention to the information. •  It is also used to separate hours from minutes and in ratios. David Copperfield 9

We had to stop studying; I I like milkshakes; however, I Bats are nocturnal; they hunt had to go out for dinner. don’t like milk. at night. Notice the use of the semicolon (;) in the above sentences. A semicolon is stronger than a comma but weaker than a full stop. •  It joins two closely related complete sentences. •   It is also placed between two complete sentences that are connected using words like ‘otherwise’, ‘however’, ‘moreover’ and ‘consequently’. Exercise 4.1: Rewrite the given sentences by correcting the usage of punctuation marks and capital letters. One is done for you. 1) we will travel to kolkata tomorrow Ans. We will travel to Kolkata tomorrow. 2) do you think it will start snowing in some time Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) the food was out of this world Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) rohan has to carry a sleeping bag a mosquito repellent cream heavy boots and a water bottle to the camp Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) C.v. raman and jagdish chandra bose are two great scientists from india Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 10

6) we will send new year cards to samit asha rajam and ali. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 4.2: Rewrite each sentence using a colon or a semicolon appropriately. One is done for you. 1) There are four seasons summer, monsoon, winter and spring Ans. There are four seasons: summer, monsoon, winter and spring. 2) The traffic was horrible I decided to wait. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Mix the oil and vinegar in 1 2 ratio. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) Varun met with an accident yesterday consequently, he did not come to the party. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) Seema likes ice cream. Aryan likes pizza. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) There was one place she loved the most the library. Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 4.3: Rewrite the given sentences by correcting the usage of punctuation marks and capital letters. One is done for you. 1) disha we’ll go together Ans. Disha, we’ll go together. 2) rita bought pens pencils erasers and a scale from the stationery shop Ans. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ David Copperfield 11

3) I like four colours red orange pink and blue Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) you may bring your sister however, she might have to wait for five minutes Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) i can’t believe i’ve won the quiz Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6) There’s only one way to make it to the top hard work Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Formal Writing Paragraph writing Exercise 5: Do you sometimes fight while playing games? Fill in the gaps to complete the paragraph that explains ways in which we can play games without fighting. Use linking words to join the sentences. Any game can turn bad if the players don’t have a sporting spirit. For a game to be fair, __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________. Remind each other about the importance of a sporting spirit. ____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________, but do not give up or think that your opponent is 12

better. If you are winning, _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________. __________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________ and to never give up without trying their best. _____________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________ over the idea of winning or losing. A game well enjoyed is never a loss in its truest sense. Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch Exercise 6: Look at the photograph below and complete the character sketches of the girls. Leena and Sheena _________________________________________________________. They are best ___________________________________________________________________. You will never see them __________________________________________________________________________________________. _____________________ quiet and shy, while Sheena is _____________________________________ David Copperfield 13

_________________________________________________________. But that does not stop them from __________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________. Even when they fight, ______________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________. Their parents are also happy because _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________. 14

Lesson 2 The Happy Prince Module 2 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Vocabulary Listening audio Grammar Spelling Language in Use Formal Writing Pronouns Creative Writing Countable and uncountable nouns Informal letter writing Photo-based character sketch 15

Dictation Exercise 1.1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 1.2: Listening audio 1) Which of the following is a type of tea? [] [] (A) purple (B) indigo (C) yellow (D) brown [] 2) Where was tea invented? [] [] (A) India (B) China (C) Indonesia (D) Japan 3) Which of the following may be a reason for drinking tea? (A) It tastes bad. (B) It was invented in China. (C) It is exported. (D) It makes our body burn fat. 4) Where is tea grown? (A) Mumbai (B) Munnar (C) Bhopal (D) Delhi 5) What happens to most of the tea grown in India? (A) It is distributed. (B) It is thrown away. (C) It is exported. (D) It is sold to tourists. B C Vocabulary A Spelling The letters 'ei’, 'ie', 'ea' and 'ey' often stand for the long 'ee' sound. Examples: deceive, relieve, please, journey 16

1)  When the letters ‘e’ and ‘i’ are used together in a word: • U sually, the letter ‘i’ is used before the letter ‘e’ when the word has the long 'ee' sound as in ‘piece’. •  If a word has the letter ‘c’ before ‘e’, we write the spelling as ‘ei’, as in ‘deceit’. •  When the sound of the letter ‘e’ is like ‘ey’ as in words like ‘neighbour’ and ‘weigh’, the word is spelt with ‘ei’ and not ‘ie’. 2) The letters ‘ea’ in a word also gives the long 'ee' sound like in ‘heal’. The ‘ea’ in this word is pronounced like ‘ee’ as in the word ‘heel’. 3) In two-syllable words like 'valley', the letters ‘ey’ have the long 'ee' sound. Exercise 2.1: Write four words in each box. The words must contain the letter pairs given in each circle. ei ie ey ea The Happy Prince 17

Exercise 2.2: Find the following words in the word search below. w eep   please    chief   feet   thief    beam T EAS EXDP R B HBDE EDL LCE I R B Z N E T E AA E E R T PAEALM F E E T S LCS EO L F APQBH EA L S T T E UG I XGE F WH E E Z E E U A WE E PA I F E E K SLEEKZ T TVI HAO S P E E CH B Grammar Pronouns You have learnt that pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. Let’s recall the different types of pronouns that you’ve studied earlier. Type of pronoun Definition Example Subject pronouns They perform the action in a sentence. (I, we, you, he, she, it, they) You ran a race. 18

Type of pronoun Definition Example Object pronouns They receive the action in a sentence. (me, us, you, him, her, it, them) Rama is going to the party with him. Relative pronouns They refer to the noun introduced earlier in the sentence and provide additional information about it. (who, whom, whose, which, that, She is the woman who lives next when, where, why) door. Possessive pronouns They show ownership. (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs) Reflexive pronouns They are used when we refer The bicycle is hers. to the subject of the sentence Demonstrative again. In other words, these In the camp, we cooked for pronouns pronouns are used when the ourselves. object of a sentence is the same as its subject. (myself, This is my house. yourself/yourselves, himself, That is yours. herself, themselves, itself, ourselves) They point to the nouns (people, places, things) in sentences. (this, that, these, those) The Happy Prince 19

Exercise 3.1: Write the correct subject or object pronoun that can replace the underlined noun in each sentence. One is done for you. 1) Richa switched off the fan before she left the room. – She 2) Mom and I went for a walk this morning. – ___________________ 3) Give the card to Shamit. – ___________________ 4) My father is taking Rahul and me to the museum. – ___________________ 5) The dogs finished all the milk. – ___________________ 6) Please ask Lavika and Rina to bring my book. – ___________________ Exercise 3.2: Choose the correct possessive or relative pronoun from the brackets for each sentence and fill in the blanks. One is done for you. 1) This bag is mine, but you can use it too. (my, mine, myself) 2) The place _________________ they live is very close to the sanctuary. (that, where, which) 3) Your car is much bigger than _________________. (our, ours, us) 4) Have you seen Sameer? I think this bag is _________________. (his, its, him) 5) I could not find out _________________ pen it was. (who, whose, whom) 6) Megha’s parents, _________________ are retired now, live in Coimbatore. (that, which, who) Exercise 3.3: Write which type of pronoun the underlined pronoun in each sentence is. One is done for you. relative demonstrative object possessive reflexive subject 1) The stadium where the match took place was renovated two months ago. Ans. relative pronoun 2) I had forgotten my bottle, but she had got hers. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________ 20

3) They were at the store yesterday. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________ 4) I cleaned the house by myself. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________ 5) This is my mother’s handbag. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________ 6) Ajmi looked after him. Ans. _____________________________________________________________________ Language in Use Countable and uncountable nouns Look at the pictures in the table. Label them ‘C’ for countable nouns and ‘U’ for uncountable nouns. 1) 2) 3) 4) eggs – ______ courage – ______ cookies – ______ books – ______ 5) 6) 7) 8) cereal – ______ boys – ______ time – ______ coffee – ______ The Happy Prince 21

Remember: • Anything, singular or plural, that can be counted is called a countable noun. • We use ‘a’, ‘an’ or 'one' before singular countable nouns. • We use words such as ‘any’, 'some', ‘many’, ‘a few’ or numbers greater than one before plural countable nouns. Examples: Please give me three books. I have many friends. There is one cut orange in the Remember: basket. • M any nouns, such as names of materials (cotton), food items (milk) and ideas (love, happiness, information), cannot be counted. They are called uncountable nouns. • U ncountable nouns do not have a plural form. We cannot use ‘a’, ‘an’ or numbers before uncountable nouns. • To show the quantity of uncountable nouns, we use words such as ‘some’, ‘any’, ‘a bag of’, ‘a lot of’, ‘much’ and ‘less’. Examples: There is a lot of water Roger does not get much time There isn’t any sand in the river. to listen to music nowadays. in my socks. 22

Exercise 4.1: Sort the words given in the box into the correct columns. One is done for you. lemon truth jewellery photograph candle milk Countable nouns Uncountable nouns 2) 1) lemon 4) 3) 6) 5) Exercise 4.2: Read the sentences and write ‘C’ if the underlined noun is countable and ‘U’ if the underlined noun is uncountable. One is done for you. 1) The girls fell asleep after returning from the picnic. –C 2) Pottery items are made of clay. – _______________ 3) The ambulance rushed to the accident site. – _______________ 4) Rina likes tea; Rehman hates it. – _______________ 5) The weather of Pune is excellent in July. – _______________ 6) Her child loves to play tennis. – _______________ Exercise 4.3: Use ‘a’, ‘an’, ‘a little’ or 'a few' and write ‘C’ for countable nouns and ‘U’ for uncountable nouns. One is done for you. a/an / a little / a few C/U (countable noun or uncountable noun) 1)  a little salt U 2)  _______________________________ egg 3)  _______________________________ cheese 4)  _______________________________ apples 5)  _______________________________ salad 6)  _______________________________ cucumber The Happy Prince 23

Formal Writing Informal letter writing Read the given sample of an informal letter carefully. See the different parts of an informal letter. Study its format and tone. There is no need to H. No. 18 – 421 – 12 Your address include the address Krishna Colony Date of the person to Hyderabad whom you are Introduction writing. 12th March 2018 In the first paragraph, explain why you Salutation/Greeting Dear Javed, are writing. Use You can use a friendly language person’s first name. Hope you are well. I am excited throughout. about your trip to my city! Body Hyderabad is a historical city, and Closing paragraph This is the part there are many places to visit Ask a question or between the here. make a suggestion introduction and the so that the person closing paragraph The Charminar and its nearby can send a reply. where you talk markets, the Golconda Fort and about the main idea the Buddha statue in Hussain of the letter. Sagar are regular tourist spots. If you want to stay indoors, we can Signature visit the Salar Jung museum, which Sign your name. How is one of the largest museums in you sign off shows the world. Ramoji Film City is also how you feel about an excellent place to visit; you can the person to whom see films being made. you are writing. Other than these, there is the Nehru Zoological Park, but I don’t like zoos as I believe animals should not be put in cages. Let me know which of these places sound interesting to you, and we shall plan accordingly. I’m already looking forward to my next vacation when it’ll be time for me to visit Lucknow! Lots of love, Satvir 24

Exercise 5: In the morning, Rahul had a fight with his friend Shyam about the better football player between the two. By evening, Rahul started to feel bad and wrote a letter to his friend. Complete his letter by filling in the gaps. H. No. 12 . _________________________________ . Mumbai . _________________________________ Dear Shyam, . I am writing this letter to  .  Football is a game  .  Football cannot be   If both of us were equally good,    I promise you that   Both of us    Your loving friend, Rahul The Happy Prince 25

Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch Exercise 6: This is a photo of Manisha and her dog. Write a character sketch based on the photo by using the given hints. Hints: • Describe Manisha's appearance. • What kind of a relationship do you think Manisha has with her dog? • Do you think she takes care of her dog? • What kind of life do you think Manisha has? • What do you think makes her different from you? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 26

___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ The Happy Prince 27

Lesson 3 Community Peace Module 3 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Vocabulary Listening audio Vocabulary in context 28

Dictation Exercise 1.1: Word dictation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Exercise 1.2: Listening audio 1) What was the name of the strange bird and where did it live? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What was strange about the bird? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Why did the first head say that he had the first right to eat the fruit? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) How did the second head take revenge on the first head? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What was the consequence of eating the poisonous fruit? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Community Peace 29

B C Vocabulary A Vocabulary in context Exercise 2.1: Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the options given in brackets. Use a dictionary to look for the meanings of the words in brackets. 1) Mala was so happy and _______________________ (eager/scared) to go to the school picnic. She even bought herself a new pair of shoes. 2) Please hold the glass carefully; it is _______________________ (fragile/flexible). 3) The clown _______________________ (invited/entertained) the audience with his funny tricks. 4) I cannot _______________________ (afford/agree) to buy the big pencil box because it is expensive. 5) We must _______________________ (repair/prepare) for our examinations that start next week. 6) Rohit finished the _______________________ (entire/retire) plate of laddoos all by himself. Exercise 2.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct words to make meaningful sentences. 1) I want to eat ______________________________ ice cream. (sum/some) 2) He solved the problem with ______________________________. (ease/easy) 3) Frogs ______________________________ around on the ground. (hop/hope) 4) Sanaya and Karishma do not ______________________________ with each other. (get away / get along) 5) Lucy and Rehman had a ______________________________. (fighting/fight) 6) We need to work hard in order to ______________________________. (succeed/success) 30

Lesson 4 Three Questions Module 4 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Sentence dictation Vocabulary Listening audio Grammar Language in Use Suffixes Formal Writing Creative Writing Direct and indirect objects Modals of ability and permission Paragraph writing Editing exercise 31

Dictation Exercise 1.1: Sentence dictation 1) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Exercise 1.2: Listening audio 1) What is the innermost layer of the Earth called? [] [] (A) mantle (B) crust [] [] (C) upper mantle (D) core [] 2) What is the Earth’s crust made up of? (A) molten lava (B) water (C) huge rocks (D) sand 3) Why does the pressure under the Earth increase? (A) earthquakes (B) the plates rubbing together (C) the cold (D) the weight of people 4) How does the Earth ease the increased pressure? (A) by causing rain (B) by keeping it inside the crust (C) by causing famines (D) by trembling and breaking apart 5) Which machine measures earthquakes? (A) seismograph (B) scale (C) barometer (D) thermometer B C Vocabulary A Suffixes '-ive' and '-tion' A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to make a new word. Sometimes, there is a change in the spelling of the new word. 32

1) The suffix '-ive' helps to make adjectives. Examples: • digest + ive = digestive • t alk + ive = talkative 2) The suffix '-tion' helps to make abstract nouns. Examples: • d igest + tion = digestion • a dmire + tion = admiration The original word to which a suffix is added is called the root word or base word. We can make both adjectives and abstract nouns by using the same root or base words. Examples: • relate (root word) • r elate + ive = relative (adjective) • relate + ion = relation (abstract noun) Exercise 2.1: Form adjectives and abstract nouns by adding the suffixes '-ive' and '-tion' to the given base words. 1) protect – ________________________________________________________________ 2) educate – ________________________________________________________________ 3) narrate – ________________________________________________________________ 4) product – ________________________________________________________________ 5) inform – ________________________________________________________________ 6) act – ________________________________________________________________ Suffixes '-less' and '-able' 1) The suffix '-less' lends the meaning without any or lacking. Examples: • pain + less = painless (without pain) • home + less = homeless (lacking or without a home) 2) The suffix '-able' lends the meaning worthy or having the ability. Examples: • d epend + able = dependable (trustworthy) • capacity + able = capable (worthy) Three Questions 33

Exercise 2.2: Make adjectives by adding the suffixes '-less' or '-able' to the root words given below. 1) port – _________________________ 2) rely – _________________________ 3) hope – _________________________ 4) like – _________________________ 5) harm – _________________________ 6) work – _________________________ Grammar Direct and indirect objects Identify the subject, verb and object in the following sentences. One is done for you. We enjoyed the roaring sea Our teacher showed the Jerry bought some waves. pictures. chocolates. Subject Verb Object We enjoyed the roaring sea waves. Remember: l The subject is the person, animal or thing who/that does the action. l The verb is the action word. l The object is the person, animal or thing that receives the action. In the above sentences, you pointed out direct objects. 34

Now, look at the following sentences: I sent you a birthday card. My brother gave me a bicycle. You gave them money. These sentences have indirect objects as well. Let’s take a look. Subject Verb Indirect object Direct object I sent you a birthday card gave me My brother gave them a bicycle You money Direct Object vs. Indirect Object Direct object Indirect object • It is a noun or pronoun that receives • It is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb. what the direct object names.  Remember SAD (Subject - Action •  Remember SAID (Subject - Action Verb Verb - Direct Object) - Indirect Object - Direct Object) •  It shows who or what receives the • It shows 'to whom' or 'for whom' or 'to action. what' and 'for what' the action is done. • It does not depend on the indirect • It depends on the direct object. object. An indirect object exists only if there is a direct object in the sentence. Here are a few more examples: The direct objects are underlined, and the indirect objects are in bold. • Mina told all of us the good news. • S he bought me a cake. Three Questions 35

• I  bought the book for Nira. (Notice that, in this sentence, Nira is ‘for whom’ the action is done. Therefore, ‘Nira’ is the indirect object.) Exercise 3.1: Identify the subject, verb and direct as well as indirect objects in the given sentences. One is done for you. Sentence Subject Verb Direct object Indirect The chef cooked a meal object 1) The chef cooked a for the meal for the customers. customers 2)  Can I ask you a question? 3)  The office gave Ranit a new car. 4)  Nisha passed the parcel to her father. 5)  She bought new gloves for her husband. 6)  Som built a sandcastle for his son. Exercise 3.2: There are two objects in each of the sentences given below. Underline the direct object and circle the indirect object. One is done for you. 1) Manas gave Poonam a gift. 2) Sheena was reading a story to her daughter. 3) The landlord always gives them too much work. 4) Grandmother gave us old books. 5) We helped the gardener to water the plants. 6) Do I owe Rohan any money? Exercise 3.3: Write 'd' against the sentences that only have a direct object and 'd and i' against sentences that have both a direct and an indirect object. One is done for you. 1) The coach gave the team a motivational lecture. – d and i 2) The girls won the championship. – ________________ 3) Raja lent his jacket to Gaurav. – ________________ 36

4) Leena had a terrible accident. – ________________ 5) My mother wrote a letter. – ________________ 6) Shahid gave his brother a new video game. – ________________ Language in Use Modals (ability and permission) Read the following sentences: Can I use your phone, Could my sister come along I can swim for an hour. please? too? Observe the use of 'can' and 'could' in the above sentences. They are used by speakers to seek permission or to show ability. ‘Can’ and ‘could’ are modal verbs. What are modal verbs? Modal verbs, or helping verbs, give additional information about the main verb that follows them. They usually express ability, permission, advice, possibility and necessity. Common modal verbs can could ought to shall should may might will would must Let us learn about the modal verbs for permission and ability. Three Questions 37

Modal verbs for permission (more formal) Saying that someone Asking for permission Giving permission has permission Students may borrow may May I borrow your You may borrow an extra book from could book? my book. the library tomorrow. might (extremely formal) Could I take a leave – – tomorrow? – can Could I sit next to you? – Might I suggest an idea? Modal verbs for permission (less formal) Asking for permission Giving permission Saying that someone has permission Can I watch the play You can watch the tonight? play. Students can use the spare pencils kept in the box. Modal verbs of ability can (ability in Positive Negative Question the present) Can you speak I can play the guitar Reema can’t play table Spanish? could (ability in very well. tennis. the past) Could you read Gina could walk I can’t hear you. or write before when she was just Megha could not write until you were six? eleven months old. she was seven. My mother could understand me perfectly. Exercise 4.1: Choose the appropriate modal verb and complete each sentence. One is done for you. 1) I was feeling very weak yesterday. I couldn’t walk at all. (can’t/couldn’t) 2) Finish your work. We’ll go together. I _____________________ wait. (may/can) 38

3) Excuse me, I _____________________ come to your party next week. (can’t/couldn’t) 4) When Soma was 14, she was a fast runner. She _____________________ run for 10 kilometres at a stretch. (can/could) 5) You _____________________ leave the office earlier than usual. (Formal: may/might) 6) I _____________________ swim very well since I have taken a few classes. (can/could) Exercise 4.2: Choose the correct modal verb for the given sentences. One is done for you. 1) I can’t pick this box up; it 2) _ __________ I ask a question, 3) When I was a child, is very heavy. please? (less formal) I _____________ do a headstand. (A) can’t (A) Could (B) may not (B) Can (A) can (C) couldn’t (C) May (B) could (C) may 4) ___________ I leave 5) He ___________ talk fluently in 6) You ____________ go early? (extremely formal) English when he came here home if you like. (less two years ago. formal) (A) Can (B) Might (A) can’t (A) can (C) Could (B) couldn’t (B) might (C) may not (C) may Three Questions 39

Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with can/could/can’t/couldn’t. One is done for you. 1) Can Reema cook Chinese food? No, she can’t. 2) Most dinosaurs walked on land, but some ____________________________ fly. 3) Excuse me, I ____________________________ hear you. The music is too loud. 4) He hit the pole because he ____________________________ stop his car in time. 5) ____________________________ you open the door, please? 6) ____________________________ you swim when you were four? Yes, I ____________________________. Formal Writing Paragraph writing Exercise 5: There are many celebrations in school. One such celebration is the Annual Day. Complete the paragraph by filling in the gaps about a fun-filled Annual Day. This year, our Annual Day was celebrated on ______________________________________________. The school was founded in _________________________________________________, so this was our _______________________________ year. Our class decided to put up a _________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. We were all feeling __________________________________________________________________. I had the responsibility of __________________________________________________________________. After practising for ________________________________________________, the day finally arrived. The performances of the other classes _____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________. When it was our turn, _____________________________________________________ 40

___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________. Everyone ______________________________________________________. I will always remember the day because ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________. Creative Writing Editing exercise Exercise 6: The paragraph given below has mistakes such as spelling, punctuation, capitalisation and grammatical errors in it. Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph. Animals We Love We loves animals, especially the ones mentioned here. A elephant is the biggest living animal on land. It is grey big and extremely heavy. Elephants love to eat Bananas. They carry loads from one place to another, horses are farm animals. They have hard hoofs that protect their legs. They help their masters by carrying loads. A dog is a man’s best freind. Dogs are obedient and loyal. They helps protect our homes from thiefs and burglars. The police use dogs to catch crinimals! Now, write the corrected paragraph here. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Three Questions 41

_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 42

Lesson 5 A Lesson in Addition Module 5 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Vocabulary Listening audio Grammar Using a dictionary Language in Use Transitive and intransitive Formal Writing verbs Creative Writing Past perfect tense Report writing Biography writing 43

Dictation Exercise 1.1: Word dictation 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Exercise 1.2: Listening audio 1) What were the names of the two friends? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What were the things that the two friends did together? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) What type of food were the two friends learning to cook? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) What did the two friends prepare for the cooking competition? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5) What lesson did the two friends learn? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ B C Vocabulary A Using a dictionary The words that appear at the top of a dictionary page are called guide words. 44

The word on the top-left side of the page tells us about the first word on the page. The word on the top-right side of the page tells us about the last word on the page. The words on the page are arranged in alphabetical order in between the guide words. Alphabetical order is the order in which the letters from A to Z are written in the English language. The purpose of guide words is to help us to find a word easily. By looking at the guide words, we can quickly tell which words will appear on a particular page. Guide words appear above the red line as shown in the picture below. harvest 22 hasty Example of a dictionary page Exercise 2.1: Given below are the guide words on a page of a dictionary. birth 12 bleed Look at the list of words below. Tick () the words that can be found on that page of the dictionary and cross out () the others. 1) blow 2) blind 3) biscuit 4) blanket 5) blank 6) balloon A Lesson in Addition 45

Exercise 2.2: Make six four-letter words using the letters from the word given below. Rewrite the words you made in alphabetical order in the second table. BIODEGRADABLE S. No. Words S. No. Alphabetical order 1) 1) 2)   2)   3) 3) 4) 4) 5) 5) 6) 6) Grammar Transitive and intransitive verbs We know that a verb describes an action or a state of being. The verbs may or may not have an object. Remember: The object of a verb receives its action. It is a noun or a pronoun that answers the question ‘whom’ or ‘what’. Read the following sentences and identify the verbs as well as their objects. One is done for you. 1) 2) 3) He cut the cake. The doctor prescribed I bought a car. medicine. 46