A PRODUCT OF CLASSKLAP ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES TEXTBOOK ALPINE SERIES Latest Edition 1 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________ V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 1 1/19/2018 11:20:44 AM
Preface IMAX partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. IMAX presents the latest version of the Alpine series – updated and revised after considering the perceptive feedback and comments shared by our experienced reviewers and users. Designed specifically for state board schools, the Alpine series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the State Curriculum Framework and the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005. Therefore, our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. The larger aim of the NCF 2005 regarding science teaching is to acknowledge and address the dynamic nature of science by focusing on the development of skills to acquire and process information scientifically. The Alpine EVS/Science textbooks and workbooks for state board schools offer the following features: Interactive content that engages students through a range of open- ended questions that build curiosity and initiate scientific exploratio Opportunities for experimentation, analysis and synthesis of ideas and concepts Exposure to locally relevant environmental problem solving Effective use of visual elements to enable learning of structures, processes and phenomena A focus on science-specific vocabulary buildin Integrated education of values and life skills Promotion of participatory and contextualised learning through the engagement of all relevant stakeholders in the learning process Overall, the IMAX Alpine EVS/Science textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books aim to enhance the development of scientific temper along with the inculcation of healthy habits, skills and values that promote environmentally sensitive and culturally responsive democratic citizenship among students. – The Authors V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 2 1/19/2018 11:20:44 AM
Textbook Features Let Us Learn About Think Contains the list of learning objectives to Introduces the concept/subtopic and be achieved in the lesson arouses curiosity among students Understanding Remembering Explains the aspects in detail that form Introduces new concepts to build on the basis of the concept the prerequisite knowledge/skills required Includes elements to ensure that students to understand and apply the objective are engaged throughout of the topic Application Amazing Facts Connects the concept to real-life Fascinating facts and trivia related to situations by enabling students to apply the concept what has been learnt through the practice questions Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Encourages students to extend the concept learnt to advanced application scenarios Inside the Lab Provides for hands-on experience with creating, designing and implementing something innovative and useful V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 3 1/19/2018 11:20:45 AM
Contents 1Class 1 Who Am I? ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 2 My Family Members���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5 3 My Body Parts ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 11 4 Things Around Us ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 16 5 Water for My House ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 Inside the Lab – A������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 27 Activity A1: Body Map Activity A2: Living or Non-living Things? 6 Day and Night������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 29 7 Plants Around Us �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 34 8 Animals Around Us ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 39 9 What Should I Eat?����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 46 1 0 Cooking���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 52 Inside the Lab – B�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 57 Activity B1: Jal Tarang Activity B2: Fruit Salad 1 1 My House�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 59 1 2 Story of the Wheel������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 64 1 3 Seasons of the Year��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 70 Inside the Lab – C������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 75 Activity C1: Roller Activity C2: Rain Gauge V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 4 1/19/2018 11:20:46 AM
Lesson Who Am I? 1 Let Us Learn About R all about me. U reasons to know me. A ID card. H people with the same name. Think When you meet new people, they ask for your name. Why do we have names? Remembering Your friend wants to send you a birthday gift. What all does your friend need to know to do so? He or she needs your name, address and date of birth. We all have a name. Let us learn what a name is, and how to write it. The full name of a person has two parts – first name and last name. Examples: Reena Joshi, Saleem Shaikh, Pusarla Venkata Sindhu Some of us also have a middle name. Do you have a middle name? What is it? 1 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 1 1/19/2018 11:20:47 AM
Write your full name below. Do you know what these signs mean? They mean male and female (boy and girl). Male and female are two different genders. Do you know what your gender is? girl boy We celebrate our birthday every year on the same date. The day on which we were born is our date of birth. Do you know your date of birth? Someday, if you are unwell at school, what will your teachers do? They may want to tell your family members about it. For this, they will need your contact number. It is the phone number of one of your family members. When someone asks where we live, what do we tell them? We tell them our house number, street (road) name, city and so on. So, the address is a place where someone lives. Example: House number 22, Karol Bagh, New Delhi Do not share your name or address with people you do not know. Understanding Our names, genders, addresses and phone numbers help others to know about us. In trouble, others can call for help using the Rajat Sharma contact number. House 2, Block 9, Karol Bagh, New Delhi Date of birth helps people to know how old (age) we are. PIN code – 110005 India People write names and addresses on letters. This helps postmen to take them to the correct places and persons. 2 1/19/2018 11:20:48 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 2
Application Do you have a school ID card? An ID card has our name and contact number. It may also have our date of birth. ‘ID Card’ is the short form for Identity Card. Your photo is on your ID cards. Why? This is because your photo is very helpful in identifying you. ID cards are helpful in difficult times. If we are lost in a crowd, the contact number on the ID card is useful. So, we must keep our ID cards very safe. Talk to four friends. Collect the details to make their ID cards. Use the table below: First name Last name Contact number Like a school ID card, there are different kinds of ID cards. Ask your parents and teachers. Amazing Facts 100 is an important contact number. This number is used to get help from the police. Do you know who comes to help when you call 102 and 103? Who Am I? 3 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 3 1/19/2018 11:20:50 AM
Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) person 2 In your school, there may be many children with the same name. How will you identify them? You can check other details to find the right person. For example, photograph, last name (surname), address and date of birth. person 1 4 1/19/2018 11:20:50 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 4
Lesson My Family Members 2 Let us Learn About R family and family members. U jobs of family members. A roles of family members. H how each family and family member is different. Think In some homes, more people live. And in some, fewer people live. Some are young, and some are old. How many people live in your house? Remembering Some of us live with our mothers, fathers and siblings. Sometimes our grandparents also stay with us. A family is a group of people who are related to one another. They all are our family members. Some family members live in a different house. • Our mothers and fathers are our parents. • We are their daughters or sons. • Our sisters and brothers are our siblings. 5 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 5 1/19/2018 11:20:52 AM
• O ur mothers’ parents and fathers’ parents are our grandparents. • Our mothers’ sisters and fathers’ sisters are our aunts. • Our mothers’ brothers and fathers’ brothers are our uncles. • Children of our aunts and uncles are our cousins. Let us meet Ayush’s family. (Ayush’s parents) father aunt uncle mother Grandmother Grandfather brother sister Ayush Ayush’s (Ayush’s siblings) cousin Ayush’s family members Are there any other members in your family? Who are they? 6 1/19/2018 11:20:55 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 6
All families are different. Some families are big. They have more members. Some families are small. They have fewer members. Understanding Let us understand what our family members do. You come to school every day. Your family members go to work every day. Some members of a family work to earn money. Such work is called a job. Different family members have different jobs. Some jobs that parents do: 1) Doctor: A doctor treats people by giving them medicines. 2) Teacher: A teacher helps you learn new things. 3) Engineer: An engineer builds things like houses, roads, computers and so on. doctor teacher engineer 4) Artist: Artists are people whose work is to paint, draw, sing, dance or act. 5) Business person: A business person has a company or a shop and so on. 6) Homemakers: Parents who stay at home to take care of the house and family members are called homemakers. artist business person homemaker My Family Members 7 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 7 1/19/2018 11:20:57 AM
There are other jobs like rickshaw drivers, bus conductors and so on. People also work in hotels, schools, hospitals, post offices and so on. What are your parents’ jobs? My father is a . My mother is a . Application To run a family, all members have different roles such as: 1) taking care of the children and the elders in the family. 2) buying things for the house. 3) cooking and serving the food. 4) cleaning the house. 5) earning money. family members buying a family cleaning the house together things for the house 8 1/19/2018 11:20:58 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 8
These roles are played by one or more members of the family. Some members of the family have more roles to play than the others. So, it is important that we share roles and help each other. Think how hard it would be if you did not have all your family members! Each family member is special. They help us in special ways. How do parents help us? • They make food for us. • They buy us clothes and toys. They also play with us. • They look after us parents looking after their child when we are not well. • They help us do our homework, and so on. How do siblings help us? playing with siblings • They play with us. • Elder sister or brother helps us with homework. They also take care of us. How do grandparents help us? • They teach us good manners. • They tell us stories. grandmother telling a story My Family Members 9 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 9 1/19/2018 11:21:00 AM
Amazing Facts Meet the world’s largest family! Ziona Chana has 39 wives, 94 children and 33 grandchildren. This family lives in the Baktwang village in the Indian state of Mizoram. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Each family is different. Each family member in the family is also different. Do you know what is special about each family member? Find out the following things about your family: 1) Who laughs the loudest? 2) Who can sing the best? 3) Who is the tallest? 4) Who is the best cook? 10 1/19/2018 11:21:00 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 10
Lesson My Body Parts 3 Let Us Learn About R my body parts. U the function of my body parts. A taking care of my body parts. H helping people who do not have some body parts. Think Ajay gets ready for school and looks into the mirror. What body parts does he see? Can you name them? Remembering Look at the cat, bat and the boy in the picture. cat bat boy 11 Does the boy have a tail like the cat? Or wings like the bat? 1/19/2018 11:21:02 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 11
Do we all have the same head type of body? We have different body parts trunk than those of animals. Some parts of our body have same names as those of animals. But they look different from ours. The main parts of our body limbs are: head, trunk or torso and limbs. Let us learn about them in three main body parts detail. The head is the uppermost part of the body. The head has a face, hair, a forehead, eyes, a mouth, a neck, a nose, cheeks and ears. Trunk or torso is the middle part of wrist fingers the body. It has shoulders, chest nail and stomach. Limbs are our arms and legs. Arms have elbows, wrists, hands, fingers and nails Legs have knees, ankles, feet, elbow hand toes and nails. toes ankle knee nail foot 12 1/19/2018 11:21:03 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 12
hair forehead eye ear nose tooth mouth shoulder neck elbow chest arm finger stomach hand leg knee foot ankle parts of our body Understanding Let us find how different parts of our body help us Head: It has many important body parts. These parts help us in many ways: hair keeps our head eyes help us to see ears help us to mouth helps us to speak and eat warm and protected things around us hear My Body Parts 13 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 13 1/19/2018 11:21:05 AM
teeth help us to bite nose helps us to neck joins the and chew the food breathe and smell head and the trunk Trunk: It holds all our body parts together. Limbs: We do many things with our arms and legs. hands help us to legs and toes help us to nails protect the tips hold, eat and write walk, run, jump and climb of our fingers Application We have seen how different parts of our body help us. So, we must take care of them as shown below: 1) Keep our body parts clean take a bath daily brush our teeth wash our hands with soap and water cut our nails regularly wash our face wash and comb our hair 14 1/19/2018 11:21:07 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 14
2) Drink lots of water 3) Eat healthy food 4) Drink milk daily drink lots of water eat healthy food 5) Exercising and playing games make us healthy. We should play outdoor games or exercise everyday. play for some time Amazing Facts Do you know our nose and ears grow throughout our life? Find out why. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Some people around us cannot walk, hear or see. A part of their body does not work well. We should help them. We should never make fun of them. people who cannot walk, hear or see My Body Parts 15 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 15 1/19/2018 11:21:08 AM
Lesson Things Around Us 4 Let Us Learn About R things around us. U living and non-living things. A finding living and non-living things around us. H natural and man-made things. Think If you need to move a table, you have to push or lift it. Why cannot the table walk or run? Remembering There are many things around us. What are they? Let us find out stone bird pencil 16 1/19/2018 11:21:11 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 16
table dog people book tree shoe water fish soil Look at the picture given below. Can you name the things you see in the picture? Things Around Us 17 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 17 1/19/2018 11:21:14 AM
Look around. What are the things that move in your classroom? Some things do not move on their own. The things around us can be of two types: 1) Living things Example: people, dogs, fish, trees, birds 2) Non-living things Example: stone, water, shoe, table, pencil Understanding Let us learn about living and non-living things in detail. Living Things What are living things? 1) Living things breathe: We can see our chest moving up and down. This is because we breathe air in and out. 2) Living things need food and water to live: We eat many times a day. We also drink water and some other drinks. breathe in breathe out living things breathe living things need food and water 3) Living things grow from small to big: If we look at our old pictures, we look small in them. Now we look bigger. This means we grew up. Plants and animals also grow. living things grow 18 1/19/2018 11:21:25 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 18
4) Living things can move: We can walk, run and jump. Plants are also living things. Do plants move from one place to another? No, they do not walk, run or jump. But they move in many other ways. Do you know the name of a flower that moves towards the Sun? living things move 5) L iving things give birth to young ones: Your mother gave birth to you. Have you seen puppies? Their mother gave birth to them. Non-Living Things living things give birth to young ones Now, let us learn about non-living things. Unlike living things, non-living things: 1) do not eat or drink. 2) do not breathe. 3) do not move. 4) do not grow. 5) do not give birth to young ones. Let us now see how a living thing is different from a non-living thing: 1) Breathe Living Non-living 2) Eat and drink Yes No 3) Grow Yes No 4) Move Yes No 5) Give birth Yes No Yes No Things Around Us 19 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 19 1/19/2018 11:21:26 AM
Application Look at the pictures given below. Tick mark () the living things. Cross () mark the non-living things. To know more about living and non-living things: 1) Collect pictures of living and non-living things. 2) Paste pictures of living things on one page and pictures of non-living things on another page. Read the passage given below. Circle the living things. One day, Sam went to kids playing in the park the park with his dog. They played under a big tree. Another child was flying a kite in the park. There are five more children in the park. Amazing Facts Some living things around us are very small. We cannot see them with our eyes. Some of them can even make us ill. 20 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 20 1/19/2018 11:21:30 AM
Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Nature gives us many things. They are called natural things. Some are living and some are non-living. Example: plants, animals, human beings, mountains, rivers and rain Things that are made by human beings are called man-made things or artificial things. Some man-made things are made from natural things. Example: clothes, furniture, paper, books and so on Natural things Artificial or man-made things cloud stone storm doll teddy ball the Moon wind mountain skateboard chair Are man-made things living or non-living? Find out. Things Around Us 21 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 21 1/19/2018 11:21:32 AM
Lesson Water for My House 5 Let Us Learn About R sources of water. U types of water sources – natural and man-made. A water in our homes. H water then and now. Think We drink water every day. We use water for bathing also. Do you know where this water comes from? Remembering All living things need water to live. We all get water from different sources. The main source of water is rain. The water from rain is called rainwater. 22 rain V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 22 1/19/2018 11:21:35 AM
Rainwater goes to rivers, ponds, lakes, wells, streams and waterfalls. These are called water bodies. river pond lake well stream waterfall Some other water bodies are seas and oceans. They are huge. They contain a large amount of water. sea ocean All water bodies are sources of water for living things. • Trees get water from the rain. • Animals get water from rivers, ponds, lakes, streams and waterfalls. • We get water from wells, rivers, lakes, tap water pipeline ponds and waterfalls. Water from these sources come through the taps and pipelines in our houses. Water for My House 23 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 23 1/19/2018 11:21:37 AM
Understanding We have seen many sources of water. Sources of water are of two types: 1) Natural sources 2) Man-made or Artificial sources Sources of water Natural sources Man-made or Artificial sources Rain River Well Pond Lake Borewell Ocean Sea Tube well Spring Waterfall Look at the picture below. Where are the water bodies getting the water from? Let us fin out. rain as main source of water 24 1/19/2018 11:21:40 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 24
Some rainwater flows into the rivers water spring and streams. The water from the river goes well borewell or tube well to the seas and oceans. Some rainwater collects over the ground to form lakes and ponds. Some water goes under the ground as groundwater. Sometimes, it comes out in the form of water springs. To use the water stored under the ground, we dig wells, borewells and tube wells. Application The water that we use every day is called freshwater. It tap water comes hand pump from rivers, ponds, lakes, streams, wells and so on. We use this water for drinking, bathing, washing and cooking. We cannot use water from seas and oceans. It is salty. In cities, people use tap water for their daily use. Tap water comes from wells, ponds, rivers, lakes and wells (borewells and tube wells). In villages, people may use tap water. Or they use water from wells, rivers, streams or lakes directly. They also use hand pumps. Should we use river or pond water directly for drinking? No, because it contains dirt or mud. Sometimes, the water looks clean to our eyes. But it may have germs in it. Water for My House 25 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 25 1/19/2018 11:21:41 AM
To use this water for drinking, we need to boil it first. Boiling makes the water fit to drink. Nowadays, water purifiers are used to make water fit for drinking. Ways to purify water boiling water water filter water purifier Amazing Facts Did you know that the salt we use at home is got from sea water? Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) People in the olden days made houses near the water sources because there were no taps, wells or hand pumps. Only natural sources of water were there. Then they started building artificia sources like wells, taps and pipelines. Today also, some places have very women bring water from few sources of water. In these places, faraway places every day people walk to faraway places to get water for daily use. Water is not easily available to them. 26 1/19/2018 11:21:43 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 26
Inside the Lab – A Make sure you do these activities only with the help of your teacher or an adult. Activity A1: Body Map We have learnt about the parts of the body and how they work. Let us try to remember them. You will need: hair a large sheet of paper, coloured eye crayons nose You need to: neck shoulder 1) spread the large sheet of paper arm on the floor. stomach hand 2) ask one of your classmates to lie finger down on the paper. knee 3) trace the outline of his or her body. leg foot 4) ask him or her to get up. toe 5) draw parts of the face on the paper. 6) both of you together try to label all the parts of the body on the map made by you. 7) use different coloured crayons to colour and mark the different parts of the body. 27 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 27 1/19/2018 11:21:44 AM
Activity A2: Living or Non-living Things? You have seen seeds of plants. They don’t move. You cannot see them breathe. Are they living things or non-living things? Let us find out. You will need: 10–12 mustard seeds, cotton, petri dish (dish), water You need to: 1) spread the cotton inside the dish. 2) soak the cotton with water. cotton inside a petri dish 3) spread the mustard seeds over the cotton. 4) cover the dish with a lid. 5) keep it in a cool corner of the room. 6) see the changes after 3–4 days. What do you see? What happened to the seeds? Seeds are living things, but they remain like seeds growing into plants non-living things. When they get water and the right conditions, they grow into plants. 28 1/19/2018 11:21:44 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 28
Lesson Day and Night 6 Let Us Learn About R day and night. U changes around you during the day and night. A the Sun, the Moon and the stars. H rainbows in the sky. Think Rahi likes to watch the stars in the sky. She wonders where they go in the daytime. Can you guess? Remembering Look at the pictures of daytime and night-time given below. daytime night-time V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 29 29 1/19/2018 11:21:46 AM
Days and nights are different from each other. Usually, the day is bright and warm. The day sky looks blue. We can see the Sun shining in the sky. Morning, afternoon and evening are the three parts of a day. Morning is the first part of the day. After morning, comes the afternoon. Evening is the last part of the day. It comes after the afternoon. Nights are dark and cool. We cannot see the Sun in the sky at night. We can see the Moon and the stars. Understanding We wake up in the morning. How does the sky look then? It looks orange-red. This is because of sunrise. Then we get ready and go to school. We play and study in school. In the afternoon it is lunchtime. We can find the Sun above us in the sky. Then it is warm outside. In the afternoon, the Sun shines very brightly. It is difficult to look at the Sun at noon. Do you play in the evening? How does the sky sunrise look in the evening? The sky looks orange-red. This is because of sunset. Similar colour of the sky is seen during sunrise too. playing in the evening 1/19/2018 11:21:53 AM 30 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 30
After sunset, it becomes dark and the night begins. At night, we eat our dinner and then go to bed. sunset sleeping in the night Application During the day, the Sun gives us heat and light. Sunlight helps us to see things around us. The Sun appears at different positions in the sky at different times of the day. different positions of the Sun in the sky Day and Night 31 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 31 1/19/2018 11:21:54 AM
At night, the stars shine in the sky. They are far away from us. So they look small. The Sun is also a star. It looks bigger than the other stars because it is close to us. the Sun the stars We also see the Moon in the night sky. The Moon appears in different shapes on different nights. Like the Sun, the Moon also appears at different positions in the sky at different times of the night. different shapes of the moon Amazing Facts The stars are always there in the sky. But we cannot see them during daytime. This is because of the bright light of the Sun. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Have you ever seen a rainbow in the sky? It has seven colours. A rainbow forms when sunlight falls on raindrops. It may appear in the mornings or evenings on rainy days. rainbow 32 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 32 1/19/2018 11:21:55 AM
You can make a rainbow at home. water pipe Try this: 1) Stand with your back facing the Sun. 2) Take a water pipe. 3) Spray the water in front of you. 4) Watch what happens to the water spray. 5) You can see the rainbow colours there! Colour the rainbow given below. Day and Night 33 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 33 1/19/2018 11:21:56 AM
Lesson Plants Around Us 7 Let Us Learn About R plants and their parts. U types of plants. A identifying plants around us. H the age of various plants. Think You can see many plants around you. Some are small and some are big. Do plants also have body parts like us? Remembering Plants are also living things like us. They need food, air and water to live. Plants also have different body parts like us. They are different from the body parts of animals or birds or human beings. Parts of a Plant A plant has roots, stems, leaves, fruits and flowers. 34 1/19/2018 11:21:58 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 34
Flower: It is of many Leaf: It is usually green in colours and types. colour. It makes food for the plant. Fruit: There are different kinds of fruits. Stem: It can be hard or It contains seeds. soft. It takes food and water to all parts of the plant. Seed: It is present inside the fruits. Root: It fixes the plant to the ground. A plant has many roots. The roots are usually below the ground. The stem grows above the ground. All plants are not alike. They have different shapes and sizes. Their leaves, stems and fruits may also look different. Understanding Let us now learn about the different types of plants. Types of Plants Big plants Some plants are big. They are called trees. They have thick and broad stems. They usually live for many years. Plants Around Us 35 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 35 1/19/2018 11:21:58 AM
Examples: banyan tree mango tree Small plants Some small plants have woody stems. They are called shrubs. Examples: rose plant (shrub) rose hibiscus plant (shrub) hibiscus Some plants are small and have weak stems. They are called herbs. Examples: mint basil Stems of shrubs are stronger than herbs. Plants that need support money plant pea plant Some plants with weak stems cannot stand 1/19/2018 11:22:05 AM straight. They need support from other things or plants to grow upwards. Such plants are called climbers. Examples: money plant, pea plant 36 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 36
Some plants grow and spread on the ground. They are called creepers. Examples: pumpkin, watermelon pumpkin watermelon There are some plants that have different coloured leaves. Some plant parts have a special smell. Do you know any such plants? coloured leaves tulsi Application We see many plants around us. They are of different types. Some such plants are given below. Can you tell their types? 1) 2) 3) mint banyan tree money plant Plants Around Us 37 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 37 1/19/2018 11:22:09 AM
4) 5) 6) hibiscus plant pea plant mango tree Have you ever sat on a swing? What type of plants gives support to a swing? Give examples. Amazing Facts Bamboo trees grow very fast. They can grow as tall as you within a week. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) You must have heard your grandparents saying, “This tree is from the time when I was young.” There are some trees that live for a long time. Find out from your parents and grandparents about the plants that are present from the time they were young. 38 1/19/2018 11:22:11 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 38
Lesson Animals Around Us 8 Let us Learn About R different animals around us. U types of animals. A day and night animals. H identifying different animals. Think Riya sees many animals in her alphabet chart. Some are big; some are small. Some can fly and some can walk. She wants to know the different types of animals around her. Can you help her? Remembering Animals can be seen all around us. Some animals can be seen inside our houses. Some can be seen only on farms or grounds near our houses. Some can be seen only in forests or jungles. V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 39 39 1/19/2018 11:22:17 AM
Animals Inside A House Some animals live in the farms, fields and houses. They are called domestic animals. They need humans for food, water, shelter and care. For example, dog, cat, cow, buffalo, chicken, sheep, goat, rabbit and so on. Domestic animals that live inside the house are called pets. For example, dogs, cats, rabbits, pet birds and so on. dog cat rabbit pet birds Domestic animals that live on farms and fields are called farm animals. They are very useful to us. For example, cow, buffalo, goat, horse and so on. cow buffalo horse goat Animals in the Jungle or Forests Some animals live in the jungle or forest. They are called wild animals. They find food, water and shelter on their own. For example, lion, giraffe, hyena, bear and so on. You may have seen them at the zoo. lion hyena giraffe bear 40 1/19/2018 11:22:21 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 40
Can we see wild animals around us? We can see only farm animals or domestic animals around us. But we may see some wild animals in the zoo. Understanding Animals are of many types. Let us look at different animals. 1) Size: Different animals have different shape, size and colour. Animals like the lion, tiger and elephant are big in size. Animals like the dog, rabbit and cat are small in size. animals differ in size, shape and colour 2) Tail: Tails of animals also differ in shape and size. For example, the tail of a dog is smaller than the tail of a tiger. Some animals have a tail; some do not. animals that have a tail animals that do not have a tail 3) Moving from one place to another: Some animals have legs, and some animals have wings to move from one place to another. Animals with legs can walk. Animals with wings can fly. Animals Around Us 41 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 41 1/19/2018 11:22:23 AM
animals with legs animals with wings There are other animals that do not have legs or wings. For example, Snake, fish, worms and so on. animals that do not have legs or wings 4) P lace: Some animals live on land. For example, lion, elephant, dog, cat and so on. Some animals live in water. For example, fishes, whale, dolphin and so on. Some animals live on the land as well as in water. For example, frogs, crocodiles. frog crocodile 42 1/19/2018 11:22:27 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 42
Application We know about many types of animals. Some animals are active during the day. They spend the whole night resting or sleeping. They are called day animals. For example, dog, monkey, elephant and so on. monkey elephant Some animals are not active during the day. They spend the whole day resting or sleeping. They are called night animals. They are active at night. For example, bat, mouse, owl and so on. bat mouse owl V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 43 Animals Around Us 43 1/19/2018 11:22:27 AM
Amazing Facts The pattern on the tiger’s body is stripes. No two tigers have the same stripes on their bodies. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) We have seen many different types of animals. • Wild and domestic animals • Day and night animals • Pet animals • Farm animals • Land and water animals Using these types, can you fill the given ‘Animal Letters Chart’? 44 1/19/2018 11:22:29 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 44
Animals Around Us 45 V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 45 1/19/2018 11:22:29 AM
Lesson What Should I Eat? 9 Let us Learn About R the food we eat. U types of food. A food for good health. H eating food with others. Think Riya eats her meals on time. But she likes to eat rice and dal only. She does not like vegetables. Is it good? Remembering We eat food many times a day. Let us learn about the food we eat. Do you have a baby brother or sister? Small babies do not have teeth to chew. So, they mostly drink milk as food. Babies drink milk many times a day. baby drinking milk 46 1/19/2018 11:22:31 AM V3_Alpine_EVS_G1_TB.indb 46
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