ENGLISH 2 LANGUAGE – 2 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________
Preface ClassKlap partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. Our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. ClassKlap presents the Traveller series, designed specifically to meet the requirements of the new curriculum released in November 2016 by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). Guiding principles: The 2016 CISCE curriculum states the following as a few of its guiding principles for English language teaching: Connecting learning to life in the outside world Integrating English with other subjects across the curriculum Using meaningful contexts to develop language as a whole Making assessment for learning an integral part of the teaching-learning process Ensuring active participation of children by using a variety of activities and tasks Each of these principles resonates with the spirit in which the ClassKlap textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books have been designed. The ClassKlap team of pedagogy experts has carried out an intensive mapping exercise to create a framework based on the CISCE curriculum document. Key features of ClassKlap Traveller series: B ooks for English are mapped to the assessment patterns of English-I and English-II in ICSE schools. T he grammar concepts covered in English-I have a horizontal and vertical progression across the grades, providing a spiral of learning. T he writing sections contain a wide variety of topics with a focus on process-based writing in higher grades. T he English-II book also covers all the themes recommended by the CISCE curriculum across classes 1–5. A hallmark of ICSE English is a wide representation of authors – Indian and foreign. The Traveller series includes pieces by writers such as Charles Dickens, Rabindranath Tagore, Sarojini Naidu, Oscar Wilde and Mark Twain among others. Vocabulary building is a key focus area for ClassKlap Pictures for word meanings are included in each lesson to help students with visual clues for new or difficult words. All in all, the Traveller English books aim to generate greater engagement and enhance fluency in English communication, which spans all the four skills of Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing. – The Authors
Workbook Features • Subject-related vocabulary building • Scaffolded approach for development of writing skills • Combination of inductive and deductive approaches to grammar teaching • Simple and age-appropriate explanations of grammatical concepts Grammar Engaging grammar explanations and well-crafted exercises W Writing Diverse writing exercises with adequate hints to develop writing skills P Picture Reading Engaging picture-based reading comprehension exercises
Contents 8 Tenses ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 W8: Make questions ����������������������� Art a nd Culture �������������������������������� 7 P4: Picture Reading ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 8 9 Adverbs ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 10 W9: Describe a picture .................... Self, Family, Home, Friends ����������� 16 10 Prepositions – position words ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 17 W10: Write a paragraph ................... The World Around Us ��������������������� 25 P5: Picture Reading ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26 11 Conjunctions – joining words ������������������������������������������������������������������������ 28 W11: Answer questions based on a picture ............................... Art and Culture ������������������������������ 35
8 Tenses Revision of tenses The simple present tense Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense form of the verbs given in brackets. Maggie __________________ (visit) her grandparents. They ________________ (live) in Shimla. Maggie often ________________ (go) there. When she is in Shimla, she _______________ (wake up) at 6 o’clock in the morning. She _______________ (help) her grandparents in the garden and kitchen every day. At night, they _______________ (play) carrom. Remember T he simple present tense describes habits, regular events and actions that are always true. Rule: subject + base verb (+ -s/-es) + object Examples: • Harish gets up at 6 o’clock in the morning every day. • The Sun rises in the east. Add ‘-s’ or ‘-es’ to verbs that follow ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ and singular nouns. Do not add ‘-s’ or ‘-es’ to verbs that come after ‘I’, ‘we’, ‘you’, ‘they’ and plural nouns. 1
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks using the given verbs in the simple present tense. One is done for you. begin talk open ring sit read a) The bell rings at 8 o’clock in the morning. b) The teacher ______________________ the door. c) I ______________________ in the second row. d) Seema ______________________ to me. e) Our teacher ______________________ the lesson. f) We ______________________ our English books. The simple past tense Read the paragraph and underline the verbs in the simple past tense. Yesterday, I walked to the park. Suddenly, a big, white rabbit in a blue coat jumped out of the bushes. The busy rabbit hopped hurriedly. He stopped for a minute and looked at his watch. Remember T he simple past tense talks about actions that are finished or were completed earlier. Rule: subject + past tense form of verb + object Examples: • Rustom played with Samira yesterday. • We talked last night. In the simple past tense: is and am was are were The past tense forms of most words are made by adding ‘-d’, ‘-ed’ or ‘-ied’ (for a few words that end in ‘-y’). 2
Exercise 2: Make sentences in the simple past tense using the verbs given in brackets. One is done for you. a) The boy tasted (taste) the cake. b ) She ______________________ (wash) the clothes. c) Julie ______________________ (finish) her homework at night. d) The birds ______________________ (play) with each other. e) It ______________________ (rain) last afternoon. f) The cat ______________________ (chase) the mouse. The future tense Fill in the blanks with verbs in the future tense. One is done for you. • My aunt will travel (travel) to Cochin next week. • Her alarm clock ___________________________ (ring) at 8 o’clock tomorrow. • I ___________________________ (answer) all the questions correctly tomorrow. • They ___________________________ (paint) a picture in a few days. • W e ___________________________ (decorate) the Christmas tree together next year. Tenses 3
Remember The future tense talks about actions or events that will happen later. It also tells us about promises, decisions or hopes about a later time. Rule: subject + will + base verb + object Examples: • I will become a teacher in five years. • I will tell you tomorrow. To talk about events or actions that will NOT happen, we use the word ‘not’ between ‘will’ and the ‘base verb’. Example: • We will not come to school next week. Exercise 3: Choose the correct verbs from the box to complete the sentences. One is done for you. sing fly sleep feel win eat a) Anu will eat the pie by herself. b) This aeroplane will ________________ in the sky. c) She will ________________ happy if she wins the game tomorrow. d) Azhar will ________________ a song for the function next month. 4
e) You will ________________ if you practise every day. f) He will ________________ after a few hours. Now read some examples of sentences in all three tenses before you practise tenses some more. Simple present tense Simple past tense Simple future tense She knocks on the She knocked on the She will knock on the door. door. door. We wait in the class. We waited in the class. We will wait in the class. Rachel chews her food Rachel chewed her food Rachel will chew her properly. properly. food properly. Exercise 4: Complete the table with verbs in the different tenses. One is done for you. Simple present tense Simple past tense Simple future tense a) search searched will search b) climb _____________________ _____________________ c) _____________________ called _____________________ d) _____________________ pushed _____________________ e) _____________________ _____________________ will touch f) bake _____________________ _____________________ Tenses 5
Exercise 5: Circle the verb in each sentence and write the tense. One is done for you. a) It rained last night. – past tense b) Rohit will meet you tomorrow. – ______________________________ c) They waved at her. – ______________________________ d) I dance well. – ______________________________ e) Leela plays tennis every evening. – ______________________________ f) Soni will help Ali. – ______________________________ Exercise 6: Follow the instructions and rewrite the sentences. One is done for you. a) The lion hunted in the jungle. (Change to the simple future tense.) Ans. The lion will hunt in the jungle. b) Kira looks for her pen. (Change to the simple past tense.) Ans. c) Saif will visit his grandmother. (Change to the simple past tense.) Ans. d) The ice melted slowly. (Change to the simple present tense.) Ans. e) We licked our ice cream. (Change to the simple future tense.) Ans. f) They will greet us. (Change to the simple present tense.) Ans. 6
W8 Writing Make questions Exercise 1: Make simple questions for the given answers using ‘how’, ‘what’, ‘when’, ‘where’ and ‘who’. One is done for you. Ans. Jay is a dancer. Jay Q. Who is a dancer? / What is Jay? Ans. Jay looks very good when he dances. Q. Ans. Jay looks like a bird who flies in the sky. Q. Ans. Jay started dancing when he was three years old. Q. Ans. Jay loves dancing. Q. 7
P4 Picture Reading Picture 1 Look at the picture given below and choose the correct answers. 1) The time is ______. [ ] a) 11:30 b) 01:30 c) 12:30 d) 04:30 2) There is a ______ on the platform. [ ] a) bench b) stool c) desk d) blackboard 3) A man ______ a woman are getting off the train. [ ] a) but b) and c) or d) so 4) There is a man with a mop. The word that rhymes with [ ] ‘mop’ is ______. a) hope b) most c) mat d) hop 8
5) There is a ______ in the picture. We throw rubbish in it. [ ] a) bag b) bench c) dustbin d) train Picture 2 Look at the picture given below and write what is happening in it. Picture Reading 4 9
9 Adverbs Introduction to adverbs She ran slowly. He spoke impatiently. The children played gladly. Remember Look at the words ‘slowly’, ‘impatiently’ and ‘gladly’. All of these words show how the actions of ‘running’, ‘speaking’ and ‘playing’ were done. Such words are also known as adverbs. Adverbs tell us when, where, why or how an action happens. Exercise 1: The action words or verbs are underlined in the given sentences. Circle the adverbs that describe the verbs. One is done for you. a) He shyly answered the question. b) My granny smiled at me kindly. c) The Sun shines brightly. d) Jamal quickly walked home. e) They came home safely. f) Natasha spoke rudely to her sister. 10
Adverbs vs. adjectives Many adverbs are formed by adding ‘-ly’ to the end of an adjective. Let us look at a few examples. Adjective Adverb Adjective Adverb swift swiftly sudden suddenly quick quickly polite politely For adjectives that end in ‘-y’, we Some adjectives remain the can form adverbs by replacing same when they become the ‘-y’ with ‘-ily’. adverbs. Examples: Examples: • angry – angrily • fast – fast • lucky – luckily • hard – hard Now, it is your turn to make more adverbs from the following adjectives: slow easy neat ________________________________________________________________________ Remember How do we know if a word is an adjective or an adverb? Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns. Example: • S he is a happy girl. (‘Happy’ is an adjective that describes ‘girl’, a noun.) Adverbs describe a verb or an adjective. Examples: • T he girl sang happily. (The adverb ‘happily’ describes the action of how ‘the girl sang’.) • This book is very interesting. (The adverb ‘very’ describes the adjective ‘interesting’ and tells us how interesting the book was.) Adverbs 11
Exercise 2: Underline the adjectives and circle the adverbs in the given sentences. One is done for you. a) Babloo looked at the broken toy sadly . b) Mayur quickly jumped into the clear pond. c) The lion roared loudly at the small mouse. d) It rained heavily in the big city. e) Dhiraj slowly picked up the old leaves. f) The man lives peacefully in the beautiful mountains. 12
Exercise 3: Read the sentences given below. Underline the adverbs that describe how the actions happened. One is done for you. a) The flowers moved merrily in the breeze. b) He softly walked into his room. c) The children sang loudly. d) I can read this poem fast. e) The puppy licked me playfully. f) The ducks noisily swam in the water. Adverbs 13
Exercise 4: Colour the boxes that have adverbs, and help the bunny reach its burrow. One is done for you. My name is I am tired. I tightly closed They easily won The rabbit ate Alex. my eyes. the match. the carrots They cleverly hungrily. He nodded solved the weakly. problem. She opened I like making Pia was born in We answered I want to go her eyes tiredly. greeting cards. May. truthfully. home. Soham loves to They smelled Rabbits are She walked paint. the sweet cute animals. to her room flowers. sleepily. They went to My brother Go to the I am a girl. the circus. smiled at me. library. Exercise 5: Fill in the blanks with suitable adverbs from the box. One is done for you. excitedly fast slowly quickly happily badly a) I did my homework slowly as I was bored. b) We sang _________________________ because it was a nice day. c) My brother ran _________________________ to catch the last bus. d) Mohan is talking _________________________. e) The boy who behaved _________________________ was punished. f) Sinjini _________________________ ate the last rasagulla. 14
Exercise 6: Fill in the blanks with suitable adverbs by using adjectives given in brackets as hints. One is done for you. a) My mother rides her motorcycle carefully. (careful) b) We folded our clothes _________________________. (neat) c) My friend read her book _________________________. (silent) d) The bird looked at its mother _________________________. (loving) e) The soldier fought _________________________. (brave) f) Sahil greeted his friends _________________________. (cheerful) Adverbs 15
W9 Writing Describe a picture Exercise 1: Describe the animal and the person in the picture. Use the given hints. Hints: • What animal do you see in the picture? • Give names to the person and the animal. • What is the person in the picture wearing? • How do the person and the animal look? • What are the person and the animal doing? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 16
10 Prepositions – position words Prepositions We have learnt a few position words in Class 1. Now, let us practise using these words. Minnie has a naughty cat and a loving dog. Her cat is playing with a ball of wool. Her dog is walking around his kennel. Now, write the positions of the cat and the dog. Choose the correct position words from the box. in on under between beside – Remember • P osition words help in connecting two naming words. They tell us the positions of the naming words. • Position words are also called prepositions. 17
Let us learn four new prepositions. Below: It means a position that is at a lower level than someone or something. Rina and Suzy are The dog is sleeping The worm is below the standing below below the table. apple. Amjad. Above: It means a position that is at a higher level than someone or something. The mirror is hanging The aeroplane is flying The boy has raised his above the bathtub. above the clouds. arms above his head. 18
In front of: It means ‘to the front of someone or something’. A ball is in front of the The cat and the dog The clock is box. are sleeping in front of in front of the bag. the fireplace. Behind: It means ‘to the back of someone or something’. The Sun can be seen The bus is behind the The girl is hiding behind behind the hill. tree. the wall. Exercise 1: Underline the prepositions in the sentences. One is done for you. a) The principal was standing in front of the students. b) My sandwich is on the table. c) Bobby is sitting between Tania and Riki. Prepositions – position words 19
d) The hospital is behind the city gardens. e) The fan is hanging above the table. f) The grass is growing under the stone. Exercise 2: Where are the children? Choose the correct preposition for each child from the given box. One is done for you. between below beside in front of behind on in front of a) the suitcase _______________________________ b) _______________________________ the suitcase _______________________________ c) _______________________________ the suitcases 20
_______________________________ d) _______________________________ the suitcase _______________________________ e) _______________________________ the suitcase _______________________________ f) _______________________________ the suitcase Exercise 3: Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks. One is done for you. a) The eggs are in the b) The open book is c) The cat is sitting __________________ basket. __________________ the girl. the table. Prepositions – position words 21
d) The sea is e) The fox is f) The Sun was hiding __________________ __________________ __________________ the plane. the dog. the clouds. Exercise 4: Look at the pictures and complete the puzzle with the correct prepositions to show where the dragon is. One is done for you. a) b d) a hn d F b) f e) ue e w oN c) t f) c ve 22
Exercise 5: Look at the picture given below. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions. One is done for you. a) The ruler is on the desk. b) The book is ___________________________________ the bag. c) The bag is ___________________________________ the desks. d) The girl is standing ___________________________________ the desk. e) The boards are ___________________________________ the desks. f) The gift is ___________________________________ the desk. Prepositions – position words 23
Exercise 6: Look at the picture given below. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions. One is done for you. a) A girl is standing in front of the drawing board. b) Two children are sitting ______________________________ the sandpit. c) The drawing board is ______________________________ the ball. d) The boy wearing the cap is ______________________________ the slide. e) A dog is standing ______________________________ the girl. f) A boy is sitting ______________________________ a bicycle. 24
W10 Writing Write a paragraph Exercise 1: Write a paragraph about a park near your house. Use the given hints. Hints: • Does the park have a name? • Are there trees, plants and flowers in the park? • D oes it have a play set like a swing or a merry-go-round? • Does it have a grass lawn? • What kind of people do you see there? • Do these people run, walk or sit in the park? • Do you like to go there and play? Why? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 25
P5 Picture Reading Picture 1 Look at the picture given below and choose the correct answers. 1) There are __________ girls and __________ boys in the picture. [ ] a) three; three b) two; four c) three; two d) two; three 2) It is __________ Day. [ ] a) Republic b) Teacher’s c) Independence d) Children’s 3) They are sitting __________ a stage. [ ] a) on b) under c) between d) behind 4) The boy on the left is playing a __________. [ ] a) tabla b) flute c) harmonium d) guitar 26
5) A boy is playing a sitar. Arrange the underlined words [ ] in alphabetical order. a) a, boy, is, playing, sitar b) playing, boy, is, sitar, a c) sitar, is, boy, playing, a d) a, boy, sitar, playing, is Picture 2 Look at the picture given below and write what is happening in it. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Picture Reading 5 27
11 Conjunctions – joining words Conjunctions Complete the sentences with suitable joining words. Madhu _____________ You can choose the I like strawberries Priyanka are good books _____________ _____________ friends. chocolate. toys but not both. Remember The words ‘and’ and ‘or’ join words or sentences. They are called joining words or conjunctions. Conjunctions are words that join words or parts of sentences together. Examples: • My dog and cat like to chase each other. • Do you want a lollipop or an ice cream cone? Let us learn about two new conjunctions or joining words. Conjunction Usage Examples but It connects two • I want to play now, but I have to opposite ideas. help my brother. • I want to sleep, but my mother wants me to study. 28
Conjunction Usage Examples It joins two sentences where one sentence • It was late, so she went to sleep. so shows a cause or • Sam was hungry, so he ate the reason and the other whole cake. shows the result. Exercise 1: Match the sentences. One is done for you. Column A Column B a) Lily wrote a E A) so he bakes letter, cakes very often. b) He likes B) b ut she sleeps baking, late. c) They were C) or a pair of going on a jeans? vacation, d) A crow D) so they packed their bags. e) Will you wear E) b ut she did a skirt not post it. f) Swati wakes F) a nd an eagle up early, can both fly. Conjunctions – joining words 29
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunctions from the options given in brackets. One is done for you. a) Vivaan is my friend, so (so/or) he always helps me. b) Is Ali going to the market to buy vegetables _________________ (but/ or) milk? c) Does Rita have a brother _________________ (or/so) a sister? d) Rima was not thirsty, _________________ (or/but) she still drank the fruit juice. e) Suman plays the guitar _________________ (but/and) drums. f) Parrots can talk, _________________ (but/so) they cannot draw. Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the help of the options given in the box below. One is done for you. and bathed in it but healthy or tea so she was very strong but dogs cannot so I ate it a) My Grandpa is old but healthy. b) The food was tasty, _______________________________________________. c) Would you like to have milk ______________________________________? d) Kabir went to the river, ____________________________________________. e) Basira exercised a lot, ____________________________________________. f) Parrots can talk __________________________________________________. Exercise 4: Join and rewrite the following sentences using the conjunctions given in brackets. One is done for you. a) Sudha can go home today. Sudha can go home tomorrow. (or) Ans. Sudha can go home today or tomorrow. 30
b) I want to play. I have to do my homework. (but) Ans. c) He missed the bus. He walked to school. (so) Ans. d) You may have milk. You may have juice. (or) Ans. e) Gaurav likes movies. Gaurav likes books. (and) Ans. f) I am sleepy. I am tired. (and) Ans. Exercise 5: Make simple sentences based on the pictures below by using the given conjunctions. One is done for you. a) + so Rita had a cold. Rita drank hot soup. Ans. Rita had a cold, so she drank some hot soup. Conjunctions – joining words 31
b) + and You can buy a cycle. You can buy toys. Ans. c) + or She will wear the pants. She will wear the shorts. Ans. d) + but I wanted to go to the party. I had to stay at home and study. Ans. 32
e ) + and My mother loves me. My father loves me. Ans. f) + so It is raining. I will carry an umbrella. Ans. Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences by joining them by using and/or/ but/so. One is done for you. a) It is raining. Arya will not go out. Ans. It is raining, so Arya will not go out. b) Anita fell down. She still won the race. Ans. c) Aslam broke his pen. He could not write. Ans. Conjunctions – joining words 33
d) R ahul can play cricket at 9 a.m. Rahul can read a book at 9 a.m. Ans. e) The shirt was big. The shirt was old. Ans. f) Madan thought the test would be easy. He did not study. Ans. 34
W11 Writing Answer questions based on a picture Exercise 1: Look at the picture given below. Answer the questions based on the picture. a) What is the girl on the left using to paint a picture? Ans. b) What is the girl with the paintbrush trying to paint? Ans. 35
c) What do you think the boy is making with the clay? Ans. d) What is the girl with two ponytails making? Ans. e) Name two things that the girl is using to make the doll. Ans. 36
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