202110725-PERFORM-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SCIENCE-G07-FY_Optimized

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) I. Choose the correct option: 1. The types of trees and animals thriving in the forest depends on a. Climate of a place b. Topography of a place c. Soil type of a place d. All of these. 2. Forests have been cleared for a. Agriculture b. Industry and housing c. Construction of roads d. All of these. 3. Plants that give us medicines are a. Vanilla and mango b. Teak and sal c. Neem and Eucalyptus d. Both b and c 4. Green plants are a. Producers b. Herbivores c. Decomposers d. Scavengers 5. Which of the following is not a forest product? a. Medicines b. Spices c. Gums d. Plastics. 6. Which of the following serve as green lungs? a. Green pigment of the plants b. Forests c. Kitchen gardens d. Green house gases 7. Boojho visited a forest near his town with his classmates and his teacher. As they were entering the forest, their class teacher told them not to make noise in the forest as noise could disturb the a. Birds b. Animals c. Both birds and animals d. Plants 8. Which among the following forest animals is the smallest? a. Fox b. Boar c. Bison d. Porcupine 9. Which of the following has the strongest stem? a. A tree b. A creeper c. A climber d. A bush 139

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 10. Which of the following is not prepared from the wood obtained from forest? a. Paper b. Thermocol c. Matchsticks d. Plywood 11. Which of the following is not the name of a tree? a. Teak b. Sal c. Porcupine d. Kachnar 12. Pick the option which gives the names of a tree and an animal, respectively from the following. a. Small, hornbill b. Sal, khair c. Chinkara, blue bull d. Neem, palash 13. Which of the products is not obtained from a forest? a. Honey b. Catechu c. Gum d. Ginger 14. The branchy part of a tree above the stem is known as a. Crown b. Canopy c. Sapling d. Humus 15. Forests are not responsible for a. Providing medicinal plants. b. Maintaining the flow of water into the streams. c. Creating flood conditions. d. Absorbing rainwater and maintaining water table. II. Answer the following: 1. While moving in a forest, Paheli observed that there was no noise pollution, though lots of heavy vehicles were passing from the nearby highway. Why? 2. How do microbes help in recycling? 3. Two friends shared their experiences of their vacation to two different forests. Do you think they would have seen the same type of plants and animals during their respective trips? Give reason. 4. “A bunch of seedlings were seen sprouting on a heap of animal dung in a forest.” How do you think is the seedling benefited from the animal dung? 140

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 5. Deforestation may lead to floods. Why? 6. Name any four useful things you would lose if forests are destroyed? 7. Fig shows a part of a forest. Write any three activities going on in the forest on the basis of this figure. III. State whether the following statements are true or false. If false, give the correct statement. a. Forests influence climate, water cycle and air quality. b. In a forest, trees form the uppermost layer, followed by herbs. The shrubs form the lowest layer of vegetation. c. The forest keeps on growing and changing and can regenerate. d. Forests protect the soil from erosion. e. Interconnected food chains form a food web. f. Most of the food chains begin with producers. g. Fungi and bacteria help in recycling of nutrients. 141

PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) I. Choose the correct option 8. Which of these are found on the forest floor? a. Dead and decaying leaves 1. The reason for decrease in the area of forests: b. Fruits and seeds a. Construction of roads and buildings c. Twigs and small herbs b. Industrial development d. All of these c. Increase demand of wood d. All of these 9. Which of the following is not a product from forest? 2. Which of the following feed on dead animals? a. Oils a. Vultures b. Gum b. Jackals c. Rice c. Insects d. Spices d. All of these 10. Which of the following trees form lowest layer of 3. In the presence of ______ the nutrients of the understoreys in the forest? dead plants and animals are released into the a. Giant and tall trees soil. b. Shrubs and tall grasses a. Humus c. Herbs b. Insects d. Both (B) and (C) c. Snakes d. Ants II. Short answer questions 1. List few trees that grow in forest. 4. Identify the missing component in the given diagram. 2. Write three different food chains. a. Micro-organisms b. Plants 3. Forest is a dynamic living entity. Justify. c. Decomposers d. Humus III. Long answer questions 1. How important are forests? Explain. 5. Micro-organisms which convert the dead plants and animals to humus are known as: 2. There is interrelationship between plants, ani- a. Insects mals, soil and decomposers in a forest. Justify. b. Animals c. Decomposers d. Birds 6. Branchy part of a tree above the stem is known as the _______ of the tree. a. Crown b. Leaves c. Head d. Trunk 7. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Climatic conditions differ from forest to forest. b. Types of trees and plants vary from forest to forest. c. Same kind of animals are found in different forests. d. Along with giant trees we find shrubs and herbs in forests. 142

SELF EVALUATION SHEET Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins I. Fill in the blanks: (6 Marks) 1. Many interconnected food chains form a ___________. 2. ___________ and _________ are decomposers. 3. The lowermost layer of the forest is ______________. 4. Most of the food chains begin with __ _____________. 5. Tigers, lions, cow and goat are ___________________. 6. The branchy part of a tree above the stem is known as the _____. II. Answer each of these questions: (9 Marks) 1. People say that nothing goes waste in a forest. Can you explain how? 2. Give any three factors which are responsible for the destruction of forests. 3. All the needs of animals living in a forest are fulfilled. Justify this statement in a forest. 143

18. Wastewater Story Learning Outcome By the end of this chapter, you will be able to: • Describe how water reaches from homes to waste • Explain sewage. water treatment plants. • List the contaminants of water. • Classify the contaminants as organic impurities • Describe the steps involved in Waste Water Treatment. and inorganic impurities. • State ways to become an active citizen to reduce waste water generation and conserve water. Concept Map Key Points • Low cost, on site sewage disposal system like septic tanks, chemical toilets and composting pits • Household, industry, mining and agricultural improve sanitation. activities are the sources of waste water. • Adopting good sanitation practices should be our • Sewage is carried out of our homes through way of life. sewers and drains. • A channel system of pipelines known as sewage system carries sewage out of our homes to treatment plants. • Human faeces, animal wastes, oil, urea are organic impurities of sewage. • Nitrates, phosphates and metals are inorganic impurities of sewage. • In the treatment plants mechanical, biological and chemical treatments cleanse the water. • Treated water is released into water bodies. • People consuming contaminated water suffer from gastroenteritis, dysentery, typhoid and hepatitis. 144

18. Wastewater Story Work Plan CONCEPT COVERAGE CONCEPT DETAILS PRACTICE SHEET PS – 1 Water pollution and generation of • Sources of water pollution waste water • Generation of wastewater PS – 2 • Sewage PS – 3 • Wastewater treatment Self-evaluation Sheet Water conservation • Tips for water conservation • Better housekeeping techniques • Sanitation • Public hygiene Worksheet for “Wastewater Story” Evaluation with self- check or Peer check* 145

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) I. Write the term that describes each of these statements: 1. Network of big and small pipes. 2. Nitrates, metals and phosphates in water. 3. Solids like faeces that settle down at the bottom of the waste water treatment plant. 4. Settling of suspended microbes at the bottom of the lake. 5. An onsite sewage disposal system. II. Match the following: COLUMN I COLUMN II 1.  Chlorine and ozone a. Chemical treatment 2.  Ground water b. Suspended impurities 3. Secondary treatment of sewage c. Water disinfectants 4. Phosphorus, nitrogen d. Sources of water for wells, tube wells and springs. 5. Contaminants e. Nutrients III.  Answer the following: 1. What are the reasons for water scarcity? 2. What is sewage treatment? 3. Define sewage. 4. Name the organic and inorganic impurities of sewage. 5. What is the composition of activated sludge and use of dried sludge? IV.  Match the meanings with their terms MEANING TERM 1. Blowing of air into aeration tank. a. Anaerobic bacteria 2. Bacteria that needs oxygen for its respiration b. Sewage 3. Gas produced from the waste of living things. c. Aeration 4. Suspended impurities of water d. Biogas 5. Bacteria that does not need oxygen for its respiration e. Activated sludge 6.  Waste water f. Contaminants 7. Network of big and small pipes g. Aerobic bacteria 8. Settling of suspended microbes at the bottom of the h. Sewers tank. V. Say whether the following statements are true or false: 1. Water from sinks and bath tubs do not generate waste water. 2. Primary treatment of water is a physical process. 3. Open drains are perfect places for breeding of mosquitoes. 4. Chemicals like paints and solvents clog the drains. 5. Cholera, typhoid, polio, meningitis, hepatitis and dysentery are water borne diseases. 146

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) I. Choose the correct option. 1. Which one of the these is a mechanical process of treating waste water? a. Screening of wastes b. Digestion of wastes c. Disinfecting water d. None of these. 2. Improper management of sewage results in a. Diseases b. Contamination of water supply c. Water pollution d. All of these. 3. Which one of these is not a water borne disease? a. Cholera b. Typhoid c. Dysentery d. Polio 4. The light materials that float during waste water treatment a. Scum b. Sewer c. Sludge d. Sewage 5. Treated water has a a. Very high level of organic material and suspended matter. b. Very low level of inorganic material and suspended matter. c. A very low level of organic material and suspended matter. d. None of these. 6. Which of the following is waste water? a. Water trickling from a damaged tap. b. Water coming out of a shower. c. Water flowing in a river. d. Water coming out of a laundry. 7. Sewage is mainly a a. Liquid waste. b. Solid waste. c. Gaseous waste. d. Mixture of solid and gas. 8. Which of the following is/are products of wastewater treatment? a. Biogas b. Sludge c. Both biogas and sludge d. Aerator 9. Open drain system is a breeding place for which of the following? a. Flies b. Mosquitoes c. Organisms which cause diseases d. All of these 147

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 10. Water polluted by various human activities causes a number of water borne diseases. Which of the following is not a water borne disease? a. Cholera b. Typhoid c. Asthma d. Dysentry 11. Pick one chemical from the following which is used to disinfect water a. Chlorine b. Washing soda c. Silica d. Coal 12. The system of a network of pipes used for taking away wastewater from homes or public buildings to the treatment plant is known as a. Sewers. b. Sewerage. c. Transport system. d. Treatment plant. 13. Which of the following is a part of inorganic impurities of the sewage? a. Pesticides b. Urea c. Phosphates d. Vegetable waste 14. In a filtration plant, water is filtered using layers of a. Sand and clay. b. Clay and fine gravel. c. Sand and fine gravel. d. Sand, fine gravel and medium gravel. 15. Which of the following is not a source of waste water? a. Sewers b. Homes c. Industries d. Hospitals II. Answer the following: 1. Why are open drains a concern? 2. How are open drains harmful for human health? 3. Name two inorganic impurities present in sewage. 4. Animal waste, oil and urea are some of the organic impurities present in sewage. Name two more organic impurities present in sewage. 5. Given below is a jumbled sequence of the processes involved in a wastewater treatment plant. Arrange them in their correct sequence. a. Sludge is scraped out and skimmer removes the floating grease. b. Water is made to settle in a large tank with a slope in the middle. c. Large objects like plastic bags are removed by passing wastewater through bar screens. d. Sand, grit and pebbles are made to settle by decreasing the speed of incoming wastewater. e. Wastewater enters a grit and sand removal tank. 148

PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 6. Three statements are provided here which define the terms – (a) sludge (b) sewage and (c) wastewater. Pick out the correct definition for each of these terms. a. The settled solids that are removed in wastewater treatment with a scraper. b. Water from kitchen used for washing dishes. c. Wastewater released from homes, industries, hospitals and other public buildings. 7. A mixture (x) in water contains suspended solids, organic impurities, inorganic impurities (a), nutrients (b), disease causing bacteria and other microbes. Give names for (x), (a) and (b)? 8. The terms sewage, sewers and sewerage are interlinked with each other. Can you explain how? 149

PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) I. Choose the correct option 8. What is the sludge in the wastewater treatment? a. Solid waste that settles at the bottom of the 1. General Assembly of the United Nations tank proclaimed the period 2005–2015 as the b. Water that goes to the grit and sand removal International Decade for action on: tank a. Water for life c. Large rags, sticks that are removed in step 1 b. Cleaning of water d. Floating solids like oil and grease c. Water that is wasted d. Wastewater 9. The biogas produced during wastewater treatment is used: 2. Wastewater treatment is commonly known as: a. As fuel a. Purifying water b. To produce electricity b. Sewage Treatment c. As Air purifier c. Saltwater treatment d. Both (A) and (B) d. Used water treatment 10. We should plant eucalyptus trees all along 3. In which of the following states do we find sewage ponds. Why? sewage? a. To absorb the bad smell a. Solid b. To absorb all surplus wastewater rapidly b. Gaseous c. To release pure water vapour into the c. Liquid atmosphere d. Mixture of solid and gas d. Both (B) and (C) 4. Which of the following breed rapidly in open II. Short answer questions drainage system? 1. List out the factors for increasing scarcity of a. Mosquitoes b. Flies fresh water? c. Disease causing germs d. All of these 2. What are the consequences of having open drainage system? 5. The treated water from wastewater treat- ment plant is disinfected with chemicals like 3. What do you do, if there is an open drainage ______ and ______ before releasing it into the system in your locality? distribution system. a. Chlorine III. Long answer questions b. Ozone 1. Write a short note on advantage of onsite sew- c. Both (A) and (B) d. Nitrogen age. 6. Aerobic bacteria in clarified water feeds on: 2. What precautions are to be taken while releas- a. Human waste ing the waste that is produced at houses into b. Food waste the drain? Explain. c. Soaps d. All of these 7. When wastewater is passed through ________, large objects like rags, sticks, cans, plastic pack- ets, napkins are removed. a. Filter paper b. Bar screens c. Pipes d. Road 150

SELF EVALUATION SHEET Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins I. Match the following: (4 Marks) 2. A man travelling in a train threw an empty packet of food on the platform. Do you think COLUMN I COLUMN II this is a proper waste disposal method? a.  Inorganic impurities i.   Phosphorus and Elaborate. nitrogen b.  Organic impurities ii.  Nitrates and phosphates c. Nutrients iii.  Cholera and typhoid d. Bacteria iv.  Pesticides and herbicides II. Fill in the blanks: (5 Marks) 1. Waste water is generated from farms 3. Why should we not throw containing __ __________ (crops/pesticides) (a) used tea leaves into sink? (b) cooking oil and fats down the drain? 2. All waste water released from various sources forms the ____________ (sewage/ impurities) 3. Sewer system is a channel of _ ________ (pipelines/tanks) that carries out sewage from our houses. 4. Solids like feces settle at the bottom, removed with a scraper form the _______ (sludge/activated sludge) 5. _______________ is used to disinfect water before releasing it into distribution system. (Nitrogen/Chlorine) III.  Answer the following: (6 Marks) 1. Name two alternative arrangements for sewage disposal where there is no sewerage system. 151

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