Revised Edition English 4Workbook Name: Class:
Revised Edition English 4Workbook
© 2017 Scholastic Education International (Singapore) Private Limited A division of Scholastic Inc. First edition published in 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the written permission of the publisher. This edition 2017 Reprinted 2018, 2019 (twice), 2020 ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Preface Scholastic ™ English Grades 1 to 6 is an English as a Second Language (ESL) programme. It uses an effective integrated approach to teaching and learning reading, writing, listening and speaking skills. Language skills are systematically taught in a spiral progressive way, making it easy for students to learn English. Lessons are also taught in an engaging and interactive manner. The result is a comprehensive and effective approach that makes the teaching and learning of English easy and enjoyable! This Workbook can be used to extend the learning in the Coursebook or as an independent learning resource. Coursebook Correlation to Extend Learning 5 Houses and HomesHbFTuoihltmleEdMTiBonlipheffanaVeptitenychhhrmkdotseeasuuscnnalrcbtetnaaekl1nrdmhass.bedaneEbwudwkmanuisnolagiloTllWairatlinvnihdhnfstregeeteshheesryeyeatlyb.rapahitlorrwsiocaemycynthathompeiyhhsopoussoayowtra.vssftleiee.aaroavntwnorohtihfunetmhorgssieeetnaaeenbmethtseaieeneusndltgnbsmkripjacswtee.eieogicttlshlfthoisnttwnh.hghiiehostaihmnrssiudvaebephrje.roocmntsuo.nncyia.mtion1,A. . Grammar Grammar Everybody likes to be surrounded by plants a“b“nDNadobWdoc-Fetfly1otoa2ae.s3ioh4lnlb.5bl6e.nlweaeie.u©e.rn.voli2nvvodsene0ge1fteeey7trorHSihrrsPtrbaicnWyswhrDyyeh.eIoabolbdlaoetpfiorewososdmhoteoe?iancernuiyaErfidv”sbdedpno’luietetydncatswglopaoaewt.siihsolsaytndnkesauoueInone,iktncerrfbturdapnsorryhaltnyytherlriooMwip,,onadak,aa”slasssnehsi(unSoptsr)oooeemPshtmartsmmheluipvoiLpec.todeidenieenuneluIbllSrsotoBmloendNyrah.o9nudo7erbWy8imid-enn9nk8ofip1tyts-gye4e7eatdne-8hea1pfau1yriwi4tetn-ssc5e,sheeoadheansherfnniernacparnpyotfreyilogosr3l.erlm?.boor7u.abtiTaaonnIonTrtntunnthhdohhoy-tyybeiiyteusbenuotehnhflognannrbisiloe.dnnoenaseTosgdyettgatfehrniarfrnneoidoufsdoosrmirmnitewradthgynhtenwithtinibt’hnnot?e.sgo1gerhh-x6dfiswnnbano..lsooromohwUmbadetoe.nBhroynndieaitd.nWenow3uygByrt:HephhAoALUF.oenenni6is.ti5mre-.l3I4ticdel,.nosW3.ep2ae.doai1n.ncf.gCnl?.oeeloea!e(”n1To(ir6trHudaorfrhfhWhrnroocAsnGetye(eeiseoerTrl2yneidarS4mhenwst/af0httepdrw3abohoaphgh/hsd1eeaftee7miimkulooeaieenrhnmraan4ofs:vlnkrre3gtiedew9ngpw.pdnbebesPtoeMIik/ilasio/ieastccettpgsnr’ssssoraen.os,so(aaeebnuIaoiiwauUrsncsbscp.dfayc/nrmopkyagneirigkethydttemhAssorchenpehceltefdiaanleinptesotuaentatthsot.fyflrt(rclhtgbthbliiohSotueyknnnaisiooee)iannnr?vcigotnudnftucmhoeuestghcIcg)eapt.ehurlc.dca)ofuW/yfrooineuorsniatebsrnnfseoasnuyegerpsoivsiti.sleeelotdedhfd/.deu(enocncur.Teyrsnamdsrntrtryeh,ponsoofiot(idaeenu.ybwrnnhptenTorgnototirddeuvhnyohoh.ondieiebnginrearnwnnoy.rdfotrtigo)g-y“ainueh/edtnCIouosahs)nirytisninnnrestsioonogsetegacwyma.guniieo/lvnTpnnidefnuaedhnodrbkdrnoneoirnosiUosnntodoiaethngnowhnybicwuniietssnl)neghneohg)s-enrs.Sbi.dmwi.tanob.smh.draeya.rnceokwreets. Vocabulary Match the pictures with the correct sentences. hAigjhetsppleaende. can fly at a very 2. TehveercyhSiladtruerndapyla. y at the An isrtroitraetkinegepfleyrl’sanhdeeadd.on the Tbhuesebsuastdtrhievedrespot every the 2. evening. Unit 5, pages 24–25 3. TtThhheeengbeaairgbbhyabghoeaustrrhauocokdmeavkeersyam, cohrnuibnbgy. of aLssfRecttoaeth’gnsroe,ogsTdcol’ishnaaoaannondaeln.nwpudalpalEylcamobymnafcsoaekrerttth.beailrl face. B W Try itPmhoaauonaitrmdyuuogpsuneeywmsaist.hdtTihacheteciotlnawn,saoasrsmmyk)ae.ytMoaenu.aTirnkhpegiasntrwkotnfooetfshraeetnnohoteortehnmaecodrenshyyooummsui.rnosgneytnhmtee(nycoeu3s. tbThaherehcsahilgill.ndrweansfrpoumt tehnetreeritnog © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8114-5 61 dI aferkelclhikoecohalavtiengriaghbtanroowf. 24 Unit 5: Houses 24/03/17 4:54 PM © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Active English Rev ed CB G4 Int U5 page 61.indd 61 and Homes Active English Rev ed CB G4 Int U3 page 37.indd 37 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Active English Rev ed WB Int G4 U5.indd 24 Active English Rev ed WB Int G4 U3.indd 16 17/04/17 11:15 AM 17/04/17 11:14 AM Each unit in the Workbook correlates to a unit in the Coursebook in terms of its theme and language skills. The exercises provide additional practice for reinforcement and consolidation. Integration of Language Skills Independent Learning Resource Writing The writing Grammar Concise language exercise in each notes allow students An I used to poem describes something you did in the past. It is four unit consolidates A group of words that has meaning but does not make complete to practise their lines long and may or may not follow any rhyming pattern. the language skills sense is called a phrase. skills independently covered in the A group of words that has a subject and a verb is called a clause. in the classroom or I used to live in a small town Coursebook. A clause may form a sentence on its own or it may form part of a at home. Walk along streams and catch fish barehanded sentence. A clause that forms part of a sentence usually begins with a word such as and, but, when, where, that, if, because, unless Now that I’m a city dweller or why. I walk along crowded streets and breathe polluted air. A. Read each group of words below. Write P for Phrase and C for Clause. A. Make notes in the table below to help you write your 1. Because he was happy I used to poem. 2. As proud as a peacock Think of one thing you used to do. When and where did it happen? 3. Rainy days Describe the way it used to be. Describe the way it is now. 4. When the teacher entered B. Write your I used to poem below. 5. But he was sad I used to 6. Throughout the night 7. To the city 8. A slippery road Now that 9. He is a good boy © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 7: Spades and Spoons 39 10. If I should go © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 56 Unit 11: My Amazing Grandmother Active English Rev ed WB Int G4 U7.indd 39 17/04/17 11:15 AM Active English Rev ed WB Int G4 U11.indd 56 17/04/17 11:15 AM 3 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Contents Page 5 Unit Title 10 1 A Clean Neighbourhood 15 2 An Unusual Solution 19 3 An Indoor Garden 24 4 Nature’s Blessings 29 5 Houses and Homes 35 6 Helping Others 40 7 Spades and Spoons 47 8 A Well for Ugandans 52 9 More Than an Artist 55 10 A Magical Journey 60 11 My Amazing Grandmother 12 A Greek Hero 4 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
1 A Clean Neighbourhood Vocabulary A. Add the suffixes -ous and -al to form new words. The spelling may change in some cases. Use a dictionary if needed. 1. ambition + ous 2. music + al 3. person + al 4. globe + al 5. carnivore + ous 6. nature + al 7. mountain + ous 8. continue + ous B. Fill in the blanks with the new words above to match their meaning. 1. wanting success, wealth or importance 2. without a break 3. land with many mountains 4. belonging to a particular person 5. relating to music 6. relating to the whole world 7. existing in or got from nature 8. feeding on other animals © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 1: A Clean Neighbourhood 5
Grammar When a noun is placed in front of another noun to describe it, the first noun acts like an adjective. A noun used as an adjective is usually singular. A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. bus tennis toy fruit 1. robot 3. ball 2. driver 4. a bowl of salad B. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. paper computer apple brick pencil diamond 1. Mum bought me a new box recently. 2. Jack spends many hours playing games every day. 3. Please clean your hands with the towel. 4. The sparkly ring caught the attention of the thief. 5. Baby Thomas drinks juice after lunch every day. 6. The house near the lake has a beautiful garden. 6 Unit 1: A Clean Neighbourhood © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
C. What do you call the following? Look at the example and work out the answers. 1. something that opens cans: a can opener 2. something that dries hair: 3. someone who plays tennis: 4. someone who robs banks: 5. something that peels vegetables: D. Complete the sentences with the singular or plural form of the nouns given in the brackets. 1. Mrs Ramos has a garden. She grows many kinds of there. (vegetable) 2. A net protects a sleeper from . (mosquito) 3. My mother has made many holders. She uses them to hold hot pans and . (pot) 4. There was a accident at this crossing. Luckily, no one was injured as both the involved in the crash were moving slowly. (car) © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 1: A Clean Neighbourhood 7
Words such as always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely and never tell us how often an action takes or does not take place. They are called adverbs of frequency. A. Circle the correct adverbs of frequency given in the brackets. 1. We have ( never / usually ) seen him cry before. 2. Mary and John ( rarely / often ) buy toys because they are saving up for a computer. 3. Mr Cole is a generous man. He ( sometimes / always ) donates to the poor. 4. My grandma is very calm. She ( always / never ) gets angry. 5. Susan doesn’t like to get wet. She ( always / never ) carries an umbrella with her. B. Write a sentence for each picture using the given words. 1. Matthew, often 2. children, never 3. Melanie, always © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 8 Unit 1: A Clean Neighbourhood
Writing A. Read the description given below. My friend a fun-loving girl always joking wears big round spectacles brightens up my day How would you describe your friend? B. Look at the poem written below. Now, write your own poem. My Friend My friend loves to have fun She jokes around with everyone Big round spectacles cover her eyes She brightens up my day with her smiles. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 1: A Clean Neighbourhood 9
2 An Unusual Solution Vocabulary A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. pharmacist baker florist fishmonger jeweller 1. I had to meet the to order my birthday cake. 2. A person who sells fish for food is known as a . 3. The made a lovely gold ring for Mrs Samuel. 4. That gets whatever medicines I want. 5. This sells very beautiful flowers. B. Look at the pictures and fill in each blank with words from the box. a packet of a bottle of a pair of a head of a tin of 1. lettuce 2. ketchup 3. biscuits 4. earrings 5. baby food 10 Unit 2: An Unusual Solution © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar The verb in a sentence must agree with its subject. If the subject is singular, the verb in the predicate must also be singular. If the subject is plural, the verb must be plural. A. Circle the correct form of the verb given in the brackets. 1. This carpet ( is / are ) very colourful. 2. They ( has / have ) a big tree in their house. 3. The queen ( was / were ) happy with the gift. 4. The books in our library ( is / are ) all torn. 5. Good children ( do / does ) not pick flowers. B. Match the columns to make complete sentences. 1. The girl a. visit us every year. 2. The students b. lives and hunts in open fields. 3. Those elephants c. are plants that eat small insects. 4. The cheetah d. likes to dance. 5. Our cousins e. like their teacher. 6. Pitcher plants f. destroy our sugar cane fields. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 2: An Unusual Solution 11
We use a plural verb when two or more subjects are joined by and. We usually use a plural verb with the pronouns I and you and with certain nouns that have no singular form. A. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs. 1. My mother and father (has/have) left for work. 2. The scissors (open/opens) very easily. 3. Fiona and her sister (is/are) in the same school. 4. You and I (listen/listens) to the same songs. 5. Shorts (is/are) very comfortable in summer. B. Circle the correct form of the verb given in the brackets. 1. My jeans ( is / are ) dirty. 2. James and I ( has / have ) become good friends. 3. Our winter clothes ( has / have ) been packed and put away. 4. Irina, Kate and Natalie ( is / are ) my friends. 5. My friends and I ( eat / eats ) our lunch together. 6. My spectacles ( look / looks ) new. I clean them every day. 7. Both Teresa and Pamela ( think / thinks ) I am smart. 12 Unit 2: An Unusual Solution © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
We use the past continuous tense to show that an action was going on when a second action took place. The second action is always in the simple past tense. Fill in the blanks with the past continuous tense of the verbs given in the brackets. Mouse : I cannot find my biscuits! Someone took them while I (sharpen) my teeth. Owl : What you sharpening his teeth? (do) when Mouse was Cat : I (clean) my whiskers. Dog : I (count) my bones. Duck : I (talk) with Hen. Where were the ducklings? Frog : They (swim) in the pond. Cow : I was with Sheep. We (eat) when we saw Owl. Owl : Yes, I saw Cow and Sheep when I (fly) across the field. What about Worm? Did anyone see him? Hen : I saw Worm. He (make) pudding with biscuits and cream when I came into this room. Owl : Hmmm, now I know who has taken the biscuits. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 2: An Unusual Solution 13
Writing A. Look at the pictures below. What shall I I am sure Cat Nobody remembers get for Cat? will like this! my birthday. B. What do you think will happen at the end of the story? Write a suitable ending for the story. You can even give your story a twist! 14 Unit 2: An Unusual Solution © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
3 An Indoor Garden Vocabulary Read the sentences below and say whether the words in bold are used as nouns or verbs. Write N for Noun and V for Verb. 1. Grandpa has a lovely garden. 2. Rhonda likes to garden in her free time. 3. He held the world record for four years. 4. Don’t record my voice. 5. The cook made a lovely pasta. 6. Father cooks a special dinner every Saturday. 7. Whenever I am thirsty, I drink lemonade. 8. She had a drink of water because she was thirsty. 9. Don’t shop for too many things. 10. Go to the barber’s shop to get your hair cut. 11. That film was terribly boring. 12. She likes to film cats and dogs. Unit 3: An Indoor Garden 15 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar We use words such as everybody, anybody and nothing when we do not refer to any particular person or thing. These words are called indefinite pronouns. We use pronouns ending in -body or -one for people, and pronouns ending in -thing for things. A. Circle the correct indefinite pronoun given in the brackets. 1. There is ( something / everything ) on your shoulder. Is it a fly? 2. ( Someone / Anyone ) told me that Cecilia is absent. 3. Adam was upset because ( nobody / somebody ) remembered his birthday. 4. We have packed ( nothing / anything ) for the picnic yet. 5. He spoke so fast that I could not understand ( nothing / anything ) he said. 6. The fair was a great success. There was ( anything / something ) fun for ( everyone / no one ). B. Fill in the blanks with the correct indefinite pronouns. Listen! is knocking on our door. “Is home?” he asks. It’s Uncle Sam. in town knows him. He is carrying a big bag full of presents. There is in there for . is crowding around Uncle Sam. wants to be left out of the fun. 16 Unit 3: An Indoor Garden © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
We use a singular verb immediately after an indefinite pronoun. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. Everyone to the beach eagerly. a. hurry b. was hurrying c. were hurrying 2. No one to take care of my baby brother. a. want b. wants c. have wanted 3. Nothing impossible if we work hard. a. is b. are c. were 4. Somebody Sheila greatly. a. admires b. admire c. are admiring 5. We need not worry about the trip. Everything taken care of. a. are b. were c. is We usually use a plural pronoun when we refer back to an indefinite pronoun. Fill in the blanks with the correct pronoun. 1. No one wants to fail the test. want to pass it with flying colours. 2. Someone needs to be at home now because have to wait for the plumber. 3. Everybody dislikes Gary as find him very rude. Unit 3: An Indoor Garden 17 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Writing Write the steps needed to make a fruit salad. You may use the words in the box. strawberries pineapples apples bowl mix oranges bananas first then everything serve cut finally next wash Ingredients: Fruit Salad Method: 18 Unit 3: An Indoor Garden © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
4 Nature’s Blessings Vocabulary Fill in the blanks with sound words from the box. ticked snap splat splash fizzing croaking moo crunched bang jingling 1. Jenny jumped into the pool with a big . 2. My ice cream fell and landed with a on the floor. 3. The frogs are near the pond. 4. The clock continuously on the wall. 5. The lemonade was . 6. The cows on the farm next door all day long. 7. The gardener began to off the dead branches of the trees. 8. The dry leaves under our feet. 9. The coins in my bag were . 10. Ron closed the door with a loud . Unit 4: Nature’s Blessings 19 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar A sentence that expresses strong feelings and ends with an exclamation mark ( ! ) is called an exclamatory sentence. An exclamatory sentence usually begins with what or how. A sentence that makes a statement is called an assertive sentence. It ends with a full stop ( . ). A sentence that gives advice or an order, or makes a request is called an imperative sentence. The subject you is not usually mentioned in an imperative sentence. A sentence that asks a question is called an interrogative sentence. An interrogative sentence may begin with words such as what, when, which, who, whom, whose, where, why or how. It ends with a question mark ( ? ). A. Match the columns. a. imperative 1. Where did the rainbow go? 2. What a lovely dress! b. interrogative 3. Please close the door. c. assertive 4. I have a pretty umbrella. d. exclamatory 20 Unit 4: Nature’s Blessings © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
B. Rearrange these words to make sentences. Remember to use capital letters and the correct punctuation marks. 1. party everyone the loved 2. chloe bed day stayed in all 3. tasty what food 4. first australia the who of prime minister was 5. me water please some give 6. do in astronauts what do space 7. india ganges longest the is in river the 8. hands wash your 9. flower this beautiful so is 10. line in stand a Unit 4: Nature’s Blessings 21 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
C. Change these assertive sentences into exclamatory sentences. The first one has been done for you 1. The Learning Tower of Pisa is a beautiful monument. What a beautiful monument the Learning Tower of Pisa is! 2. It is hot today. How hot 3. Ron runs fast. How fast 4. She is tall. How tall 5. This is a beautiful beach. What a An exclamatory sentence is sometimes made up of just one or two words that express a strong feeling. These words are called interjections. Fill in the blanks with interjections from the box. what alas hurray 1. ! Our team has won the match. 2. ! The president is visiting our school tomorrow? 3. ! Her pet fish is no more. 22 Unit 4: Nature’s Blessings © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Writing A. Write a topic sentence for the paragraph given below. The reason they are called so is because of the high amount of rainfall they get every year. In some rainforests it rains more than one inch nearly every day of the year! Tropical rainforests are forests with tall trees, warm climates, and lots of rain. Rainforests are found in Africa, Asia, Australia and Central and South America. The largest rainforest in the world is the Amazon rainforest in South America. B. Write your own paragraph using the ideas below. The title and topic sentence have been done for you. Title Topic sentence Details about the topic sentence A short story or example to make your point clearer Your final remarks Saving rainwater It is important to save rainwater. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 4: Nature’s Blessings 23
5 Houses and Homes Vocabulary A. Match the pictures with the correct sentences. 1. A jet plane can fly at a very high speed. An irritating fly landed on the storekeeper’s head. 2. Ron, Tina and Emma staged a new play for their school’s annual concert. Let’s go and play basketball after school. 3. The sign was put there to bar children from entering the hall. I feel like having a bar of dark chocolate right now. 24 Unit 5: Houses and Homes © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
B. Write a or b in the brackets to indicate the correct meaning of the homonym. 1. We saw a seal ( ) balancing a ball on its nose when we visited the water park. 2. One should always seal ( ) envelopes carefully before posting letters, otherwise the letters might drop out. a. a sea mammal b. close 3. Can I have a bit ( ) of chilli sauce to go with my fried rice? 4. Ouch! The dog bit ( ) me! a. past tense of bite b. a small amount 5. Please draw ( ) the curtains. It’s very sunny outside. 6. Fred can draw ( ) very well. a. make a picture of b. pull 7. James was late because he was caught in a traffic jam ( ). 8. Mum bought a jar of strawberry jam ( ) last Sunday. a. a line or crowd of vehicles b. a sweet fruit mixture 9. Peter forgot to bring his tennis racket ( ) today. 10. We cannot hear what Mum is saying because of the racket ( ) the neighbours are making. a. a lot of noise b. a type of bat 11. I can beat ( ) you at running if I train hard enough. 12. Beat ( ) the rug with a stick to get rid of the dust. a. hit hard b. win against © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 5: Houses and Homes 25
Grammar The -ing form of a verb is called the present participle. We use a helping verb with the present participle to form a continuous tense. The present participle can also be used as an adjective. Fill in the blanks with the present participle of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. I hurt my knees while (scrub) the floor. 2. Don’t make a sound. Nate is (photograph) the deer. 3. Robin was (rub) his eyes because he was sleepy. 4. That was an (excite) football match! The -ed, -en or -t forms of a verb are called past participles. They can be used as verbs or adjectives. When used as verbs, they are often used with have, has or had. Write the past participle form of the verbs below. 1. sink 6. draw 2. speak 7. understand 3. lend 8. write 4. choose 9. keep 5. walk 10. tear 26 Unit 5: Houses and Homes © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Writing Read the short story. The Very Lazy Farmer Once upon a time, there was a very lazy farmer. Instead of getting his land ready and harvesting his crops, he would sit under a tree and daydream about what he would do if he were rich. One day, on his way home from the market, the farmer noticed that his neighbour’s field was full of big juicy carrots. Suddenly, a thought came to his mind. “What if I were to gather a sack or two of these big juicy carrots and sell them in the market?” He looked around. There was no one nearby. He quickly gathered two huge sacks of carrots. When he was done, the tired farmer sat down to rest. However, his thoughts started to wander again. “I could use the money from the sale of the carrots to buy some hens. The hens would lay eggs and then I could sell the eggs. With the money earned, I could buy a cow. I could milk the cow and sell the milk. Then, I could hire some people to work on my farm while I sit under a tree sipping tea, watching them work.” The farmer was so absorbed in his daydream that he laughed aloud unknowingly. His neighbour’s dog heard him and started to bark loudly. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 5: Houses and Homes 27
Now, complete the story web. Characters The lazy farmer Setting Neighbour’s dog (where and when) Neighbour’s field Problem The lazy farmer wanted to be rich, but did not want to work. He stole his neighbour’s carrots, but his laughter attracted the attention of his neighbour’s dog. Solution Ending 28 Unit 5: Houses and Homes © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
6 Helping Others Vocabulary A. Circle the correct homophone given in the brackets. 1. Dad will ( buy / by ) Susan a cycle for her birthday. 2. We ( cot / caught ) many fish yesterday. 3. I do ( knot / not ) know how to tie this type of ( knot / not ). 4. We know that it is wrong to ( steal / steel ). 5. Is it ( fair / fare ) that the bus ( fare / fair ) has increased again? 6. The young lady told the old man to speak louder because she could not ( here / hear ) him. 7. Peter ( new / knew ) his wife would fall in love with their ( knew / new ) house. 8. The mighty ( roar / raw ) of the lion sent the small animals running in all directions. B. Write a homophone for each word. 1. hare 4. nose 2. I 5. eight 3. meat 6. sore Unit 6: Helping Others 29 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past but still affects the present or continues in the present. We form the present perfect tense by using the helping verb has or have with the past participle of the main verb. A. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect tense of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. Rachel (read) three novels so far. 2. you ever (be) to the Eiffel Tower? 3. Mr Wendell not (pay) his rent since last month. 4. The cyclone (destroy) many wooden huts in the village. 5. They already (visit) Washington several times this year. B. Rewrite these sentences using the present perfect tense of the verbs given in the brackets. Remember to use any other word included in the brackets as well. The first one has been done for you. 1. I can’t study any more. I (already study) a lot. I can’t study any more. I have already studied a lot. 2. Ken is not here. He (go) to Ava’s house again. 30 Unit 6: Helping Others © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
3. Our school quiz team (win) all the competitions this year. 4. I (wear) the same pair of jeans for three days. 5. We (clean) the room three times since this morning. 6. Chris (already cook) dinner for us. The words for and since are used with the present perfect tense. We use for to talk about a period of time. We use since to show a particular time when an action started. A. Put the time expressions in the box below in the correct columns. a long time Sunday ten hours one day yesterday 6 o’clock For Since © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 6: Helping Others 31
B. Complete the sentences. The first one has been done for you. 1. Today is 7 June. I bought this pen on 1 June. This pen has been with me since 1 June . This pen has been with me for one week . 2. I started to teach in the year 2015. . I have been a teacher since . I have been a teacher for 3. Today is 1 September. He joined the company . one month ago. . He has been working in this company since He has been working in this company for We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action which began at some time in the past and is still going on or has just stopped. A. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect continuous tense of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. Mum (wait) for us at the bus stop for two hours. 2. The children are extremely hungry because they (run) for half an hour. 3. How long you (study) in this school? 32 Unit 6: Helping Others © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
4. Mrs Black (shop) for furniture for her drawing room. (quarrel) for 5. Dolly and Polly the past ten minutes. B. Look at the pictures. Write a sentence for each picture using the present perfect continuous tense of the verbs and the words provided. 1. rain, since morning 2. take ballet lessons, Unit 6: Helping Others 33 Polly, since five 3. work for the circus, Mr and Mrs Brown, a long time © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Writing You are on holiday in London. Write an e-mail to a friend telling him or her about what you have been doing. Include the following information in your e-mail. your arrival description of the city your feelings on visiting London what you ate From: To: Subject: 34 Unit 6: Helping Others © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
7 Spades and Spoons Vocabulary A. Fill in the blanks with the correct verbs from the box. take pay keep 1. a promise 4. an exam 2. a break 5. a visit 3. a secret 6. a fine B. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. tall burst committed heavy fast 1. When she heard the news, she into tears. 2. There was traffic on the way. We nearly missed our train. 3. They partied through the night. Now all of them are asleep. 4. The man was jailed because he had a crime. 5. Look at that building! I wonder how long it took to build it. Unit 7: Spades and Spoons 35 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar We use a helping verb such as am, is or are with the -ing form of another verb (present participle) to form the present continuous tense. We sometimes use the present continuous tense to talk about an action that has been planned for the future. Fill in the blanks with the present continuous tense of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. The boarders (attend) a secret party at Jack’s room tonight. 2. Macy is very excited because she (shop) in Paris next week. 3. The dentist (retire) at the end of the year. 4. The officers (prepare) for the meeting with their captain. 5. Siri and Mikkel (get) married next spring. 6. The Lee family (take) a vacation in New Zealand this summer. 7. My father’s birthday is next Sunday. I (give) him a pen. 8. Tara and her friends (meet) at the mall this evening. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 36 Unit 7: Spades and Spoons
We use am, is or are with about to and a verb to refer to an action that is going to happen in the immediate or near future. Fill in the blanks with am, is or are along with about to and the correct form of the verb given in the brackets. 1. We (call) for the ambulance because Grandma has fainted. 2. It looks like it (rain). 3. Let us hurry. The shopkeeper (close) the shop. 4. She (wash) her hands in the sink. 5. Fasten your seat belts. The plane (land). We use the verbs used to and would to express past habits. We use the verb will to talk about regular actions. A. Circle the correct verbs given in the brackets. 1. I ( will / used to ) be very shy when I was young. 2. A teacher ( will / would ) explain till a student understands. 3. I ( will / used to ) hate gardening when I was a teenager, but I take care of the plants in my garden now. 4. Kit ( will / used to ) work as a waiter in that restaurant when his family lived in this town. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 7: Spades and Spoons 37
5. Ten years ago, we ( would / will ) write letters to keep in touch. Now, we send e-mails. 6. Carly ( used to / will ) be a teacher in an elementary school, but now she is a writer. 7. Mum is so kind-hearted, she ( will / used to ) do anything for anyone. 8. When they were younger, the girls ( will / would ) bake a pie together every week. B. Fill in the blanks with words from the box. used to have would sit will differ used to cycle would punch will not give up 1. When Grandpa was young, he to school every day. 2. The athletes no matter how many times they fail. 3. The children a cat in their house, but now they do not. 4. The quality of air from place to place. 5. Every time David got angry, he his pillow and scream at the top of his voice. 6. When I was little, I on Grandma’s lap and listen to stories. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 38 Unit 7: Spades and Spoons
Writing An I used to poem describes something you did in the past. It is four lines long and may or may not follow any rhyming pattern. I used to live in a small town Walk along streams and catch fish barehanded Now that I’m a city dweller I walk along crowded streets and breathe polluted air. A. Make notes in the table below to help you write your I used to poem. Think of one thing you used to do. When and where did it happen? Describe the way it used to be. Describe the way it is now. B. Write your I used to poem below. I used to Now that Unit 7: Spades and Spoons 39 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
8 A Well for Ugandans Vocabulary A. Match the abbreviations with their correct full forms. 1. g a. kilometre 2. l b. doctor 3. C c. litre 4. Dr d. gram 5. e.g. e. Celsius 6. km f. for example (from exempli gratia) B. Write the acronym next to its full form. The first one has been done for you. 1. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN 2. International Labour Organisation 3. Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 4. National Organization for Women 5. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 6. National Aeronautics and Space Administration 40 Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar We use the past perfect tense to refer to something that happened in the past before the time we are talking about. We form the past perfect tense by using the helping verb had with the past participle of the main verb. We use the past perfect tense to describe the action that took place first and the simple past tense to describe the action that took place later. A. Decide which event came first. Then, change the verbs to their correct forms and rewrite the sentences as one. Use because to join the sentences. The first one has been done for you. 1. My legs hurt. 1 I played football. 2 My legs hurt because I had played football. 2. She was angry. She missed the bus. 3. Yasmin studied for the exam. Yasmin could do all the sums. 4. Ava got wet in the rain. Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans 41 Ava caught a cold. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
5. Keira could not enter the house. She lost her keys. 6. Grandma broke her glasses. Grandma could not read the book. B. Fill in the blanks with the past perfect tense of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. The aeroplane (take) off by the time they reached the airport. 2. After the sun (set) we went out. 3. All the reporters gathered at the artiste’s house, but the artiste already (leave). 4. Karl’s apartment looked bright and cheery after he (repaint) it. 5. Carla went back home as she (forget) to bring her purse. 6. When we arrived at the cinema hall, the film already (begin). 42 Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
We use the past perfect continuous tense to show an action that was going on in the past when a second action took place. We use had been and the present participle of the main verb to form the past perfect continuous tense. We use the past perfect continuous tense for the action that was going on in the past and the simple past tense for the second action. A. Fill in the blanks with the past perfect continuous tense of the verbs given in the brackets. 1. Samuel was angry because he (wait) for an hour for Derek. 2. Julie was tired as she (work) all day. 3. We (chat) for a long time when our teacher scolded us. 4. The fox (steal) chickens from the farmer for weeks before it was caught. 5. The burglar (prowl) around Mandy’s house for a while before he decided to get in. B. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in the brackets. Angie (go) to the beach with her cousins, Rosie and Roy. They (build) sandcastles when Roy (suggest) that they go for a swim. They (swim) for an hour when they © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans 43
(realise) that it (be) almost dinner time. No wonder their stomachs (rumble)! C. Look at the pictures. Write a sentence to describe the action that was going on and the second action. Use the past perfect continuous tense to talk about the first action. Use when to link the actions. Action that was going on Second action Mark Mark reading for hours ate dinner 1. Second action bus Action that was going on bus heading towards the city stopped by the police 2. © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 44 Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans
Writing Read the notes taken by a newspaper reporter. students of Springview Elementary School go green form ‘Go Green’ teams in class come up with practical and new ways to reduce, reuse and recycle reasons why they think the three R’s are important: º saves natural resources (saves trees and reduces the need to dig minerals from ground) º reduces air pollution caused by burning of waste º saves money by reusing things º recycling process creates jobs some ways to implement the three R’s: º reuse plastic bags by bringing own shopping bags º introduce recycling bins in schools º ensure both sides of paper are used º reuse bottles by turning them into vases º donate old books or clothes to libraries and other charitable organisations A. Tick the best headline for the newspaper report. Creative Elementary Students Recycling is Fun Elementary Students Go Green Ways to Save Money Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans 45 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
B. Use the reporter’s notes to complete the newspaper report below. Remember to include the headline you have chosen. The introductory paragraph has been written for you. (headline) (place, date) by (your name) Students from Springview Elementary School joined in the school’s efforts to go green yesterday. They formed ‘Go Green’ teams in class to come up with practical and new ways to help reduce, reuse and recycle waste. 46 Unit 8: A Well for Ugandans © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
9 More Than an Artist Vocabulary A. Match each clipped word with its full form. 1. plane a. influenza 2. bus b. cafeteria 3. cafe c. luncheon 4. flu d. omnibus 5. lunch e. aeroplane B. Fill in the blanks with clipped words from the box. photo ID ad exam vet 1. Our pet is not well. We have to take him to the . 2. The sale of this watch increased after a two-page was published in the newspapers. 3. The security officers in an airport check the card of every visitor. 4. In the olden days, it was terribly expensive to get a taken at a studio. 5. The last was the most difficult one. Unit 9: More Than an Artist 47 © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6
Grammar A tag question is a short question added at the end of a statement. It is used to ask for agreement or to confirm information. When the statement is positive, we use a negative tag. When the statement is negative, we use a positive tag. We put a comma after the statement just before the tag question. The pronoun in the tag question must match the subject of the sentence. The pronoun for this and that is it and the pronoun for these and those is they. A. Match the statements with the tag questions. 1. Grandma was angry with a. did I? the children, b. isn’t it? 2. I didn’t hurt you, c. aren’t you? 3. They will miss their music d. wasn’t she? teacher, e. weren’t we? 4. We were lost in the jungle, f. won’t they? 5. This is a sour fruit, 6. You are happy with their work, B. Fill in the blanks with the correct tag questions. 1. Uncle David has been to Hanoi, 2. That old cat can hardly jump nowadays, 3. Those boys are very studious, © 2017 Scholastic Education International (S) Pte Ltd ISBN 978-981-47-8120-6 48 Unit 9: More Than an Artist
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