Padhle E-Book - Previous 10 Year Question Papers with Solutions 2011-20 - Class 10 Social Science

ii). The make demands for the people so that the can in the elections. iii). The r n the go ernment if the in in elections. i ). The form the opposition if the lose in elections. ). The shape p blic opinion. OR Modern democracies cannot e ist itho t political parties. The necessit of a political part in democrac can be nderstood from the gi en points: i). If e er elected representati e is independent, then no one ill make promise for an major polic changes. The go ernment ma be formed b t its tilit ill remain al a s ncertain. Non-part based ii). Pancha at election also create same problems. The rise of political parties is directl linked to the emergence of representati e democracies. iii). As societ became larger and complicated, the also need some agenc to gather different ie s on ario s iss es and to present these to the go ernment. i ). Political parties inform the people abo t the orking of the r ling part . The talk abo t the problems of the state, the orking and fail re of the go ernment and gi e s ggestion for the pliftment of masses. ). Political parties act as a link bet een go ernment and masses. Th s, political parties are necessar for democrac . 22. The importance of rail a s as the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India are as follo s: i). Rail a s make it possible to cond ct m ltifario s acti ities like b siness, sight seeing, pilgrimage along ith transportation of goods. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

ii). It is s itable for long distance tra el. iii). Pla s an important role in national integration. i ). Rail a s bind the economic life of the co ntr ). It accelerates the de elopment of the ind str and agric lt re. 23. Feat res of Indian sec larism are : i). Eq al respect and recognition for all religions b the state. ii). No discrimination b the state on the basis of religion. iii). Non-interference in the f nctioning of an religion b the state. i ). This also sa s that there s no official religion in India. ). An indi id al has the right to practice, propagate and profess an religion. 24. The condition of indent red labo r that migrated from India d ring the nineteenth cent r : i). In the 'nineteenth cent r ', tho sands of intended labors and Chinese laborers migrated to ork in mines, plantations, in the road, and rail a s established projects aro nd the orld. ii). In India, the ere 'hired nder contracts' for fi e ears for plantation ork and the o ld ret rn back home once the contract and ork ere o er. iii). Most Indian indent red laborers came from the present-da areas of central India, dr districts of Tamil Nad and eastern Uttar Pradesh. Man became indent red laborers to escape the idespread po ert and famine hich became orse in the 19th cent r . Some tra eled alone, and others 'bro ght their families' to 'settle in the colonies' the orked in. OR The role of earl entreprene rs of India in the de elopment of ind stries is as follo s: Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i). D ring the colonial period , the British traders and merchant begans the barter of opi m ith tea ( from China to England ). ii). Ho e er , this process as also accommodated b some of the indian Entreprene rs ; ho pro ided finance , obtaining stocks and transportation consignments . iii). To name some India Entreprene r e can incl de , D arkanath Tagore of Bengal ( established si joint -stock companies d ring the trade ith China ) , Jamsetjee N sser anjee Tata and dinsha Petit of Bomba ( b ilt an ind str domain in India b acq iring their initial capital from shipping to China and ra cotton cargoes to England . i ). Moreo er , there ere some other Entreprene r from Madras e changed their goods ith the merchants of the Middle East , B rma and East Africa . ). Th s, ​earl entreprene rs pla ed a er important role in de elopment. OR i). In 1784, the Bomba go erner William Hornb proof the b ilding of the Great sea all hich pre ented the flooding of the lo l ing areas of bomba . ii). In 1864, the Back Ba Reclamation Compan (pri ate compan ) on the right to reclaim the estern fore shore from the tip of Malabar hill to the end of Colaba . iii). Reclamation often mean the labelling of the hills aro nd Bomba . B 1870's the cit had e panded to abo t 22sq miles. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i ). A s ccessf l reclamation project as ndertaken b the Bomba Port Tr st hich b ilt a dr Dock bet een 1940-1980 and sed the e ca ated earth to create the 22acre of Ballard state. ). S bseq entl , the famo s Marine Dri e of Bomba as de eloped. 25. Tertiar sector has become important in India beca se : (i) Basic ser ices like hospitals, ed cation, post and telegraph, co rts, etc. are the responsibilit of the go ernment in de eloping co ntries. (ii) Demand for ser ices s ch as transport, trade, storage ill increase ith the de elopment of primar and secondar sectors. (iii). Demand for to rism, shopping, pri ate schools, pri ate hospitals, etc. increases ith the increase in the le el of income. (i ). Rapid gro th of the ser ices sector also benefited from e ternal demand s ch as the soft are ind str and call centre ser ices. ( ) Liberalisation of the financial sector pro ided an en ironment for faster gro th of financial ser ices. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

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CBSE Social Science 2018 Ge e a I c i : . (i) A e i a e c (ii) Thi e i aec i f 30 e i di ided i f ec i A, B, C a d D. (iii) Sec i A c ai 6 e i f 1 a each. Sec i B c ai 6 e i f 2 a each, Sec i C c ai 10 e i f3 a each. Sec i D c ai 8 e i f 4 a each. (i ) The e i e a ch ice. H e e , a i e a ch ice ha bee ided i f e i f 3 a each a d 3 e i f 4 a a e e f he a e a i e i a ch each. Y ha e ei . ( ) U e f a ca c a i e i ed. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

Q e ion (1 Mark Each) 1. Wh ere big E ropean po er me in Berlin in 1885 ? OR Wh ere merchan from o n in E rope began o mo e co n r ide in e en een h and eigh een h cen rie ? OR Wh did Charle Boo h, a li erpool hip o ner cond c he fir ocial r e of lo killed orker in he Ea End of London in 1887 ? 2. Wh did he Roman Ca holic Ch rch impo e con rol o er p bli her and book eller ? OR Wh do no el e ernac lar ? 3. Cla if re o rce on he ba i of origin. 4. A challenge i no j an problem b an oppor ni for progre . Anal e he a emen . 5. S a e an o goal of de elopmen o her han income. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

6. When e prod ce good b e ploi ing na ral re o rce , in hich ca egor of economic ec or ch ac i i ie come ? 7. Gi e an o e ample of informal ec or of credi . (3 Mark Each) 8. De cribe he impac of Rinderpe on people' li elihood and local econom in Africa in he 1890 . De cribe an hree major problem faced b Indian co on ea er in nine een h cen r . OR De cribe an hree ep aken o clean p London d ring nine een h cen r . 9. The 'Prin Re ol ion' had ran formed he li e of people changing heir rela ion hip o informa ion and kno ledge. Anal e he a emen . OR Di ing i h be een he heme of Pride and Prej dice and Jane E re no el ri en b Jane A en and Charlo e Bron e re pec i el . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

10. Ho ha he e er increa ing n mber of ind rie in India made or e po i ion b e er ing pre re on e i ing fre h a er re o rce ? E plain. 11. Den e and efficien ne ork of ran por i a pre- req i i e for local and na ional de elopmen . Anal e he a emen . 12. De cribe an hree pro i ion of amendmen made in 'Indian Con i ion' in 1992 for making 'Three- Tier' go ernmen more effec i e and po erf l. 13. E plain he hree fac or ha are cr cial in deciding he o come of poli ic of ocial di i ion . 14. Sec lari m i no an ideolog of ome poli ical par ie or per on , b i i one of he fo nda ion of o r co n r . E amine he a emen . 15. Ho i he i e of ainabili impor an for de elopmen ? E plain i h e ample . 16. Di ing i h he er ice condi ion of organi ed ec or i h ha of norgani ed ec or. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

17. Wh i cheap and affordable credi impor an for he co n r ' de elopmen ? E plain an hree rea on . 18. Ho can con mer a arene be pread among con mer o a oid e ploi a ion in he marke place? E plain an hree a . (5 Mark Each) 19. De cribe he e plo i e condi ion pre ailed in Balkan af er 1871 in E rope. OR De cribe he role of differen religio gro p in he de elopmen of an i-colonial feeling in Vie nam. 20. Ho did Non-Coopera ion mo emen ar i h par icipa ion of middle cla people in he ci ie ? E plain i impac on he economic fron . OR Wh a Congre rel c an o allo omen o hold an po i ion of a hori i hin he organi a ion ? Ho did omen par icipa e in Ci il Di obedience Mo emen ? E plain. 21. The Go ernmen of India ha in rod ced ario in i ional and echnological reform o impro e agric l re in he 1980 and 1990 . S ppor hi a emen i h e ample . OR Downloaded from www.padhle.in

Compare 'in en i e b i ence farming' i h ha of 'commercial farming' prac iced in India. 22. Wh i he economic reng h of a co n r mea red b he de elopmen of man fac ring ind rie ? E plain i h e ample . 23. De cribe an fi e major f nc ion of poli ical par ie performed in a democrac . 24. \"Democrac and m ch perior o an o her form of go ernmen in promo ing digni and freedom of he indi id al.\" J if hi a emen . OR \"Democracie lead o peacef l and harmonio life among ci i en .\" J if hi a emen . 25. Ho ha foreign rade been in egra ing marke of differen co n rie ? E plain i h e ample . OR Ho do e feel he impac of globali a ion on o r dail life ? E plain i h e ample . 26. (A) T o fea re a and b are marked on he gi en poli ical o line map of India. Iden if he e fea re i h he help of he follo ing informa ion and ri e heir correc name on he line marked near hem : (a) The place here he Indian Na ional Congre Se ion a held. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(b) The place here Gandhiji organi ed \"Sa agraha' in fa o r of co on mill orker . (B) Loca e and label he follo ing i h appropria e mbol on he ame gi en o line poli ical map of India. (i) Raja San i In erna ional Airpor (ii) Bhadra a i- Iron and S eel Plan (iii) Sof are Technolog Park of We Bengal Downloaded from www.padhle.in

An er 1. All he major E ropean a e ere in i ed in Berlin Conference in 1885. The conference a organi ed b O o Von Bi marck, fir Chancellor of German . The E ropean po er me o decide he cramble for Africa. The a e ere German , Spain, Ne herland , Belgi m, Por gal, France and Grea Bri ain. No African a in i ed o hi conference. ​OR In e en een h and eigh een h cen r merchan from he o n in E rope began o mo e co n r ide, ppl ing mone o pea an and ar i an per ading hem o prod ce for an in erna ional marke . ​OR Charle Boo h, in hi r e in 1887, a Ea end of London, fo nd ha 1 million Londoner ere er poor and heir a erage age i 29 ear . 2. The Roman Ca holic Ch rch impo ed con rol o er p bli her and book eller beca e cholar and ri er ar ed in erpre ing religio book , hich e er one co ld read and nder and. OR The no el e he ernac lar, he lang age poken b common people o ha he can come, clo er o people ho can feel en e of a hared orld. Fir ch ri er a Thoma Hard . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

3. Re o rce cla ifica ion on he ba i of origin : (a) Bio ic re o rce : All li ing organi m in o r en ironmen are kno n a bio ic re o rce. E ample : Tree, animal, in ec e c. (b) Abio ic re o rce : All non-li ing hing pre en in o r en ironmen are kno n a abio ic re o rce . E ample : ear h, air, a er, me al , rock e c. 4. A challenge i no a h rdle in he a of o r cce ra her i an oppor ni for progre . Challenge al a force o pro e o r or h in a po i i e a . Differen co n rie face differen kind of challenge : (i) Fo nda ional challenge (ii) Challenge of e pan ion (iii) Deepening of democrac Once e o ercome a challenge, e go o a higher le el han before. 5. Income i defini el one of he mo impor an a pec of o r li e , b here are o her impor an goal of de elopmen , ch a : i) Eq al rea men , ec ri and digni for all ci i en . in ii) Safe and ec red en ironmen for omen o make progre e er alk of heir life. 6. When e prod ce good b e ploi ing na ral re o rce , i come nder he ca egor of Primar ec or . 7. The o informal ec or of credi are : (i) Mone lender Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(ii) Trader 8. Rinderpe refer o he ca le plag e in Africa in 1890 . Thi di ea e ho ha ho d ring hi era of conq e e en a di ea e affec ing ca le re haped he li e and for ne of ho and of people. The infec ed ca le a impor ed from Bri i h A ia in o Africa o feed I alian oldier . The follo ing ere he impac of Rinderpe on people' li elihood and he local econom in Africa: i). I de ro ed nearl 90% of he li e ock. ii). I de ro ed he li elihood of he Na i e . Mine o ner and colonial po er benefi ed b i a he monopoli ed ha carce ca le re o rce remained and Africa cea ed o be a free con inen . OR The gi en are he ep aken o clean p London hro gh he nine een h cen r : i). The de elopmen of b rbia a a par of he ini ia i e o deconge Landon reg la ed he e en ion of he o n be ond he ci here orking people co ld mo e o he job. ii). The large q are of re idence ere b il . iii). Ebene er Ho ard (an archi ec and direc or) de igned a garden ci for he orker , ho co ld ork and remain here ell. i ). A million of he ho e ere con r c ed b he local a hori and people ere enco raged o li e in he e apar men . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

9. The prin re ol ion no onl led o he de elopmen of prin echnolog , b al o ran formed he li e of people b changing heir rela ion hip o informa ion and kno ledge a ell a in i ion and a hori ie . I ran formed he li e of people in follo ing a :- i). I crea ed a ne reading p blic. ii). I crea ed a ne c l re of reading. iii). I infl enced people' percep ion and opened ne a of hinking. i ). Reading became a lei re ac i i and increa ed reading ra e. OR (i) The no eli Jane A in and Charlo e Bron e he main idea of no el of i cen ered aro nd omen b bo h of hem ha e differen idea and opinion . (ii) The fir line of Jane A en Pride and Prej dice a e I i a r h ni er all ackno ledged ha a ingle man in po e ion of good for ne m be in an of a ife. The ob er a ion of A en can be implified ha omen al a are preocc pied i h hinking of marriage and mone . (iii) In Charlo e Bron e Jane E re , o ng lad Jane i ho n a independen and a er i e, hile girl of her ime ere e pec ed o be q i e and ell beha ed, Jane a he age of en pro e again he h pocri of her elder i h ar ling bl n ne . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

10. The e er increa ing n mber of ind rie in India made or e po i ion b e er ing pre re on e i ing fre h a er re o rce . Some of he rea on are a follo : i) In India, he hea ind rie e h ge amo n of a er for ind rial e and h deple e a er re o rce . ii) Man ind rie depend on h droelec rici for he energ con mp ion of heir fac orie . There i e en i e e of a er p ream leading o he ri er ge ing dried in he lo er ream. iii) E ce i e e of gro nd a er lead o deple ion of gro nd a er. i ) The ind rie d mp chemical a e in he a er o rce like ri er , ea , ocean , e c. h con amina ing he a er and endangering h man life. 11. Efficien ne ork of ran por i prereq i i e for local and na ional de elopmen : i). The mo emen of he good and er ice from heir ppl loca ion o demand loca ion nece i a e he need for ran por a ion. ii). De elopmen of co n r depend pon he prod c ion of good and er ice a ell a mo emen o heir de ina ion . iii). Tran por help in bo h prod c ion and di rib ion of good . i ). S ppor all ec or of he econom . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

12. A major ep o ard decen rali a ion a aken in 1992. The con i ion a amended o make he hird ier of democrac more po erf l and effec i e : (i) No i i con i ionall manda or o hold reg lar elec ion o local go ernmen bodie . (ii)Sea are re er ed in he elec ed bodie and he e ec i e head of he e in i ion for SC/ ST/Back ard cla e . A Lea one hird of all po i ion are re er ed for omen. (iii) An independen in i ion called he S a e Elec ion Commi ion, ha been crea ed in each a e o cond c Pancha a and M nicipal elec ion . (i ) The S a e Go ernmen are req ired o hare ome po er and re en e i h local go ernmen bodie 13. i). People' percep ion - If people ee heir iden i in ing lar and e cl i e erm hen here ill be conflic b if he ee heir iden i a a reflec ion of he na ional iden i hen he ill li e a peace i h each o her. ii).The role of comm ni and c l re - I depend on ho he leader ill rai e he demand and need of a par ic lar comm ni . I ill be peacef l if hi i done i hin he dic a e of he con i ion. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

iii).The role of poli ical par and go ernmen - The o come ill depend on ho he go ernmen addre e he need of a par ic lar comm ni . If i i done in fairne and according o he con i ion hen here ill be peace. 14. Sec lari m i he fo nda ion of o r co n r (i) There i no official religion of India. (ii) O r con i ion doe no gi e a pecial a o an religion. (iii) The con i ion prohibi di crimina ion on gro nd of religion. (i ) The con i ion pro ide all indi id al and comm ni ie freedom o profe , prac ice and propaga e an religion or no o follo an religion. 15. (i) S ainable e of na ral re o rce i he proce b hich economic, ind rial and ocial need are me b he re o rce are o be managed and e ploi ed in ch a a ha he biodi er i , balance in he eco em, and he biological c cle like carbon, ni rogen and a er c cle are no de ro ed. (ii) Coal, oil and na ral ga are chiefl ed o pro ide elec rici and o po er ehicle . We ho ld ake ad an age of he ab ndance of olar, ind, a e, idal and hermal energ ha i free, rene able and ainable. The e re o rce ill pro ide more han eno gh green elec rici hich can hen po er all he ind rie , home and ran por ha e need. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(iii) The go ernmen reac ion. If he rea onable demand of a comm ni are ppre ed b he go ernmen , hen i lead o ocial di i ion, hich in rn hrea en he in egri of he co n r . 16. Difference be een he er ice condi ion of organi ed ec or i h ha of norgani ed ec or. O​ rgani ed ec or: i) R le and reg la ion are follo ed. ii) Regi ered b he go ernmen iii) The are highl ec red. i ) Working ho r are fi ed,o er ime ork are paid ) The ha e man benefi like a gra i f nd,paid lea e,medical benefi ,e c.. U​ norgani ed ec or: i) R le and reg la ion are no follo ed. ii) Largel o of go ernmen con rol. iii) Their job i in ec re. i ) The don' ha e fi ed ime,o er ime ork i no paid. ) The don' ha e an benefi . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

17. Cheap and affordable credi i cr cial for he co n r ' de elopmen d e o he follo ing fac or : i). More lending o ld lead o higher income and enco rage people o in e in agric l re, engage in b ine and e p mall cale ind rie . ii). Cheap credi mean more income o ld be lef i h he borro er o rein e ra her han re rn a in ere . Thi lead o accelera ion of economic ac i i . iii). Cheap credi o ld al o allo eaker ec ion of ocie o en er formal ec or of lending and rid hem of e ploi a ion a he hand of informal mone lender . Th , i ma impro e he economic condi ion of he poor and landle . 18. Con mer a arene can be pread hro gh: i). The enac men of he COPRA (Con mer Pro ec ion Ac ) ha led o he e ing p of epara e depar men of Con mer Affair in cen ral and a e go ernmen . The e make people a are of e ploi a ion in he marke and al o ell ho o file ca e in e ploi a ion. ii). The po er ha e ee are one e ample hro gh hich he go ernmen pread informa ion abo he legal proce hich people can e. iii). The go ernmen ho ld organi e Con mer A arene a of Campaign a e er place reg larl o de cribe he ario e ploi a ion in he marke and ho o a oid hem. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i ). Con mer ho ld be made a are of heir ario righ like he righ o be informed, righ o choo e. Con mer ho ld be made a are of d ie like reading he in r c ion before b ing a prod c . 19. (i) Af er 1871, e plo i e condi ion pre ailed in Balkan area in E rope. The Balkan a a region of geographical and e hnic aria ion compri ing modern da Romania, B lgaria,Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croa ia, Bo nia Her ego ina, Slo enia, Serbia and Mon enegro ho e inhabi an ere broadl kno n a he la e . (ii) In 19 h cen r , he O oman Empire had o gh o reng hen i elf hro gh moderni a ion and in ernal reform b i h er li le cce . (iii) One b one, i E ropean bjec na ionali ie broke a a from i con rol and declared o n independence. (i ) The Balkan people ba ed heir claim for independence or poli ical righ on na ionali and ed hi or o pro e ha he had once been independen b had b eq en l been bj ga ed b foreign po er . ( ) Hence he rebellio na ionali ie in he Balkan ho gh of heir r ggle a heir a emp o in back heir long lo independence hich con er ed he region in o a ba le gro nd. OR Downloaded from www.padhle.in

Religion pla ed an impor an role in he de elopmen of an i colonial feeling - i). The French in rod ced Chri iani in Vie nam in order o e end i c l ral and ocial domina ion in Vie nam. The enco raged con er ion . ii). Thi a een a an in erference in he religio belief of he Vie name e. Thi helped o ni e hem again a common ca e and in illed a en e of na ionali m. iii). Pop lar pri ing ook place in Ng An and Hai Tien pro ince and ho and of ca holic ere killed. i ). The Hoa Hao mo emen fo nded b H nh Ph So a an an i colonial religio mo emen . ). The religio mo emen reng hened he an i imperiali r ggle and ni ed he people again he coloni . 20. Non-coopera ion mo emen ar ed i h middle cla par icipa ion in he ci ie : (i) Thi mo emen a la nched b Gandhiji in 1920. I aim ere o ho re en men o ac ion con idered oppre i e like Jalia an ala Bagh and Ro la Ac . Tho and of den lef go ernmen con rolled chool and college . (ii) Teacher , Headma er re igned and la er ga e p heir legal prac ice . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(iii) The co ncil elec ion ere bo co ed in mo pro ince e cep made a here he j ice par , he par of non-Brahmin fel ha en ering po er he co ncil a one a of gaining. Impac on Economic Fron : (i) Foreign good ere bo co ed, liq or hop picke ed, and foreign clo he ere b rn h gel . (ii) In man area , rader and merchan ref ed o rade in foreign good and ome ime e en he ref ed o finance foreign rade. The impor of foreign rade hal ed be een 1921 and 1922, i al e dropping from 12 crore o 57 crore r pee . (iii) A he bo co mo emen pread, people ed onl Indian clo he and began o di card foregin clo he . A a re l , prod c ion of Indian e ile mill and handloom en p largel . OR i). Gandhiji a con inced ha i a he d of omen o look af er he home, be good mo her and good i e . And for a long ime, he Congre a rel c an o allo omen o hold an po i ion of a hori i hin he organi a ion. I a keen onl on heir mbolic pre ence. ii). Women par icipa ed in pro e marche , man fac red al , and picke ed foreign clo h and liq or hop . Man en o jail. iii). In rban area , he e omen ere from high-ca e familie herea in r ral area , he came from rich pea an ho ehold . Mo ed b Gandhiji call, he began o ee er ice o he na ion a a acred d of omen. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i ). Ye , hi increa ed p blic role did no nece aril mean an radical change in he a he po i ion of omen a i ali ed. 21. The Go ernmen of India ha in rod ced ario in i ional and echnological reform nder he comprehen i e Land De elopmen Programme (LDI) o impro e agric l re in he 1980 and . Land De elopmen Programme : (i) Pro i ion for crop in rance again dro gh , flood, c clone, fire and di ea e. (ii) E abli hmen of Grameen (regional r ral) bank , coopera i e ocie ie and bank for pro iding loan facili ie o he farmer a lo er ra e of in ere . O her Reform : Apar from he land de elopmen programme, go ernmen ha ini ia ed man o her benefi cheme for he farmer . (i) Ki an Credi Card (KCC) Scheme for gi ing ea and cheap loan o mall farmer . Per onal Acciden In rance Scheme (PAIS) for Ki an Credi Card (KCC) holder . (ii) Special ea her b lle in and agric l ral programme for farmer ere in rod ced hro gh radio and ele i ion channel . (iii) The Go ernmen al o anno nced a Minim m S ppor Price (MSP) for ario agric l ral prod c like cereal , p l e and o her ( o check he e ploi a ion of farmer b middlemen). OR Downloaded from www.padhle.in

In en i e S b i ence Farming Commercial Farming I i done in a high-den i area, Crop are gro n for he marke . here i a high pre re on land. High do e of modern inp , eg., Si e of field i mall h req ire HYV eed , chemical fer ili er , high do e of biochemical inp in ec icide , pe icide are and irriga ion. req ired. Labo r in en i e agric l re Capi al in en i e and req ire ac i i ie ophi ica ed echnolog Yield per hec are i high and Proce ing ni ho ld be prod c ion for elf-con mp ion loca ed near he plan a ion 22. i). Man fac ring ind rie help in moderni ing agric l re hich form he backbone of o r econom . ii). I help in red cing he pre re of people from he agric l ral ec or b gi ing hem job in he ind rial ec or. iii). The red ce he hea dependence of people on agric l ral income b pro iding hem job in econdar and er iar ec or . i ). Man fac ring good e pand rade and commerce ). I i nece ar for he remo al of nemplo men and po er . i). I increa e he GDP / Na ional Income of he co n r . 23. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(i) Candida e are p for ard b poli ical par ie o con e elec ion . The e candida e ma be cho en b he op leader or b member of he par . In ome co n rie like USA, member and ppor er of a par choo e i candida e. (ii) Par ie p for ard heir policie and programme for o er o choo e from hem. A go ernmen i e pec ed o ba e i policie on he line aken b he r ling par (Poli ical par han r n go ernmen ). (iii) Poli ical par ie pla a major role in making la for he co n r . No la can become a bill nle majori par ie ppor i . (i ) Poli ical par ie pro ide people acce o go ernmen machiner and elfare cheme . I i ea ier for he p blic o approach heir local par leader han a go ernmen officer. The local par leader ha o li en o he p blic demand, o her i e people can rejec hem in he ne elec ion . ( ) Par ie hape p blic opinion. The rai e and highligh i e . Par ie ome ime al o la nch mo emen for he re ol ion of he problem faced b he people. 24. Democrac and m ch perior in promo ing digni and freedom o he ci i en : (i) E er indi id al an o recei e re pec from fello being . (ii) The pa ion for re pec and freedom i he ba i of an democrac . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(iii) Democracie hro gho he orld ha e recogni ed hi . I ha been achie ed in ario degree in ario democracie . (i ) Long r ggle b omen ha e go hem re pec and eq al rea men . ( ) In man democracie , omen ere depri ed of heir righ o o e for a long ime, hich he ha e achie ed no . ( i) In India 1/3rd of ea ha e been re er ed for omen in local bodie . OR Democracie lead o peacef l and harmonio life among ci i en : (i) Democrac ha e had grea er cce in e ing p reg lar, free and fair elec ion . (ii) In democrac e er ci i en ha eq al righ o o e, o profe hi /her religion and o ge ed ca ion. (iii) In democrac : E er ci i en can ake par in an deba e. (i ) Democrac en re ha he righ of i people are pro ec ed b he a e and he go ernmen f nc ion according o he la . ( ) In a democra ic e p , here in no di inc ion be een people ba ed on race, religion, ca e, colo r or bir h. Eq al oppor ni ie are pro ided o all o be ed ca ed o gro a good ci i en and o earn heir li ing. 25. Foreign Trade i In egra ing marke of differen co n rie Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(i) Foreign rade crea e an oppor ni for he prod cer o reach be ond he dome ic marke . (ii) Prod cer can ell heir prod c in he marke loca ed in o her co n rie . (iii) I help for e panding he choice of good be ond dome ic marke . (i ) I i main channel for connec ing co n rie . ( ) I i Highl helpf l for e en i e rade. OR Impac of Globali a ion in o r dail life : (i) Tran por a ion echnolog ha made m ch fa er deli er of good acro long di ance po ible and ha oo a lo er ra e . (ii) The in en ion of comp er , in erne , mobile phone and fa ha made con ac i h each o her aro nd he orld q i e ea . (iii) Ne job ha e been crea ed in ind rie here MNC ha e in e ed, ch a elec ronic , fa food, cell phone e c. (i ) The price of ario prod c ha e come do n d e o compe i ion among he prod cer and man fac rer . ( ) People are ge ing more emplo men beca e ome Indian companie ha e become m l ina ional hem el e d e o globali a ion. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

26. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

CBSE Social Science 2017 Ge e a I c i : . (i) A e i a e c (ii) Thi e i aec i f 30 e i di ided i f ec i A, B, C a d D. (iii) Sec i A c ai 6 e i f 1 a each. Sec i B c ai 6 e i f 2 a each, Sec i C c ai 10 e i f3 a each. Sec i D c ai 8 e i f 4 a each. (i ) The e i e a ch ice. H e e , a i e a ch ice ha bee ided i f e i f 3 a each a d 3 e i f 4 a a e e f he a e a i e i a ch each. Y ha e ei . ( ) U e f a ca c a i e i ed. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

Q es ions (1 Mark Each) 1. Name he ri er of he book Hind S araj . 2. Name he ri er rela ed o Na ional Wa er a s No. 2. 3. E plain an one difference be een a press re gro p and a poli ical par . 4. E plain he meaning of democrac . 5. Name an one poli ical par of India hich gre o of a mo emen . 6. Ho does he se of mone make i easier o e change hings ? Gi e an e ample. 7. Gi e an e ample of iola ion of cons mer s righ o choose. 8. Ho is he ma im m re ail price prin ed on packe s beneficial for o? (3 Marks Each) Downloaded from www.padhle.in

9. Describe an hree economic hardships faced b E rope in he 1830s. OR Describe an hree problems faced b he French in he sphere of ed ca ion in Vie nam. 10. Wh did Gandhiji decide o i hdra he NonCoopera ion Mo emen in Febr ar , 1922 ? E plain an hree reasons. 11. E al a e he role of b siness classes in he Ci il Disobedience Mo emen . 12. Describe an hree charac eris ics of D rg-Bas arChandrap r Iron-ore bel in India. OR (b) Ho ere he concerns of Ori an Socie depic ed in he Ori an no els of 19 h cen r ? E plain. 13. Anal se he role of he man fac ring sec or in he economic de elopmen of India. 14. E amine i h e ample he role of means of ranspor and comm nica ion in making o r life prospero s and comfor able. 15. Ho do press re gro ps and mo emen s s reng hen democrac ? E plain. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

16. On he basis of hich al es ill i be a fair e pec a ion ha democrac sho ld prod ce a harmonio s social life ? E plain. 17. E plain an hree loan ac i i ies of banks in India. 18. Ho do M l i-Na ional Corpora ions (MNCs) in erlink prod c ion across co n ries ? E plain i h e amples 19. Anal se he impor ance of he ree- ier j dicial machiner nder Cons mer Pro ec ion Ac (COPRA), 1986 for redressal of cons mer disp es. (5 Marks Each) 20. The firs clear e pression of na ionalism came i h he French Re ol ion in 1789. E amine he s a emen . OR E amine he reasons ha forced America o i hdra from he Vie nam ar. 21. Ho did he Colonial Go ernmen repress he Ci il Disobedience Mo emen E plain. 22 . Wh is i necessar o conser e mineral reso ces ? E plain an fo r a s o conser e mineral reso rces. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

23. Anal se he role of chemical ind s ries in he Indian econom . 24. Describe an fi e charac eris ics of democrac . 25. I is er diffic l o reform poli ics hro gh legal a s. E al a e he s a emen . 26. Anal se an fi e posi i e effec s of globalisa ion on he India econom . 27. Wha is liberalisa ion ? Describe an fo r effec s of liberalisa ion on he Indian econom . 29. Three fea res A, B and C are marked on he gi en poli ical o line map of India. Iden if hese fea res i h he help of he follo ing informa ion and ri e heir correc names on he lines marked on he map : A. The ci associa ed i h he Jallian ala Bagh inciden . B. The place here he Indian Na ional Congress session (1927) as held. C. The place here Gandhiji iola ed he sal La . 30. On he gi en poli ical o line map of India loca e and label he follo ing fea res i h appropria e s mbols : A. Nara ra N clear Po er Plan . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

B. T icorin Major Sea Por . ers C. Bhilai Iron and S eel Plan . Ans 1. The book Hind S araj as ri en b Maha ma Gandhi. 2. Na ional Wa er a s No. 2 is rela ed i h he ri er Brahmap ra . 3. A press re gro p is an organi ed gro p of people ha does no p p candida es for elec ion, b seeks o infl ence go ernmen polic or legisla ion. The can also be described as 'in eres gro ps', 'lobb gro ps' or 'pro es gro ps' hereas, a poli ical par consis s of a gro p of people ho come oge her o con es elec ions and hold po er in he go ernmen . 4. Democrac is a form of go ernmen in hich he s preme po er is es ed in he people and he represen a i es of he people are elec ed b he o ers on he basis of ad l franchise. 5. There ha e been man poli ical par ies in India hich ha e gro n o of a mo emen . Eg. Asom Gana Parishad (Assam People's Associa ion, AGP), a s a e poli ical par in Assam, India. The AGP as formed af er he his oric Assam Accord of 1985. The la es o join he gro p has been Aam Aadmi Par hich gre o of a mo emen agains corr p ion. 6. Mone in o r dail life ac s as a medi m of e change.A person ha ing mone in his hand can e change mone for he ser ices and commodi ies he an s. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

7. Mone makes he hings easier as : (i) I is in he form of a horised paper c rrenc hich gi es he g aran ee of he men ioned price o he o ner. (ii) I has general accep abili . (iii) I s price remains cons an compared o o her commodi ies. (i ) I can be s ored easil and doesn need m ch space. 8. The ma im m re ail price prin ed on packe s gi es informa ion o he cons mer abo he con en s of he package and he marke price of he prod c . i). The cons mers sho ld no be e ploi ed b he sellers i h he rong pricing of goods. ii). The cons mers are pa ing a price for he goods ha he are b ing and he sho ld be charged he righ price for he righ q an i of goods ha he ha e paid for. iii). I res ric s he seller from gaining profi s b charging e ra price for he goods. 9. The economic hardships faced b E rope in he 1830's are: 1. Rise in food prices or a ear of bad har es lef he co n r poorer. 2. The ra io of he rise of pop la ion as larger han ha of emplo men genera ion. 3. Migra ion of r ral pop la ion o ci ies led o o ercro ded sl ms. Peasan s s ill s ffered nder he b rden of fe dal d es and obliga ions in some regions in E rope. OR 10. The economic hardships faced b E rope in he 1830's are: Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i). Rise in food prices or a ear of bad har es lef he co n r poorer. ii). The ra io of he rise of pop la ion as larger han ha of emplo men genera ion. iii). Migra ion of r ral pop la ion o ci ies led o o ercro ded sl ms. 11. The role of b siness classes in he Ci il Disobedience Mo emen is as follo s : (i) Keen on e panding heir b siness, B siness classes s ppor ed Ci il Disobedience Mo emen and Pro es ed agains colonial policies ha res ric ed b siness ac i i ies. The an ed pro ec ion agains impor of foreign goods and a r pee-s erling foreign e change ra io ha o ld disco rage impor s. (ii) To organise b siness classes agains colonial policies, he formed he Indian Ind s rial and Commercial congress in 1920 and he Federa ion of he Indian Chamber of Commerce and Ind s ries (FICCI) in 1927. (iii) The b siness comm ni in erpre ed S araj in heir o n a . The came o see S araj a he ime hen colonial res ric ion on b siness o ld no longer e is and he rade ind s r o ld flo rish i ho cons rain . 12. Three charac eris ics of D rg-Bas arChandrap r Iron-ore bel in India: (i) D rg-Bas ar-Chandrap r bel lies in Chha isgarh and Maharash ra and comprises of high grade haema i e iron ore. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

(ii) Ver high grade haema i es are fo nd in he famo s Bailadila range of hills in he Bas ar dis ric of Chha isgarh. (iii) Iron ore from hese mines is e por ed o Japan and So h Korea ia Vishakhapa nam por . 13. i). Man fac ring sec or has helped crea e s able emplo men in he Indian Econom hich ere no possible in agric l re. ii). I has helped promo e modernisa ion and o erall prosperi . iii). I has helped in making he agric l ral sec or more mechanised and hence more efficien . i ). In he presen da orld of erri orial speciali a ion, o r ind s r needs o be more efficien and compe i i e. O r goods m s be a par i h hose of o her co n ries in he in erna ional marke . This ill fe ch 14. Impor an role means of ranspor and comm nica ion pla s: i). Toda , he orld has he been con er ed in o a large illage i h he help of efficien and fas mo ing ranspor . ii). Transpor has been able o achie e his i h he help of eq all de eloped comm nica ion s s em. iii). Therefore, ranspor comm nica ion and rade are complemen ar o each o her. i ). Rail a s, air a s, a er a s, ne spapers, radio, ele ision, cinema and in erne ha e been con rib ing o i s economic progress in man a s. 15. (i) Informa ion campaigns, organising mee ing, file Downloaded from www.padhle.in

pe i ions : Press re gro ps carr o informa ion campaigns, organise mee ings and file pe i ions o a rac p blic a en ion and gain s ppor for heir ac i i ies. The infl ence media o a rac more a en ion o heir iss es. (ii) Pro es ac i i ies : Press re gro ps organise pro es ac i i ies like s rikes, demons ra ions or disr p ing go ernmen s programmes. S ch ac ics are emplo ed b orkers organisa ions, emplo ees associa ions and mos of he mo emen gro ps in order o force he go ernmen o ake no e of heir demand. (iii) Lobb ing : B siness gro ps emplo professional lobb is s or sponsor e pensi e ad er isemen s. The par icipa e in official bodies and commi ees ha offer ad ise o he go ernmen . (i ) Take a poli ical s and on major iss es : In eres gro ps and mo emen s do no direc l ake par in par poli ics b r o e er infl ence on poli ical par ies b aking a poli ical s and on differen iss es. The ha e heir o n poli ical ideolog and poli ical posi ion on major iss es. 16. i). A democra ic co n r looks in o he needs and aspira ions of e er sec ion of socie . ii). I is also able o handle social conflic s, di isions and differences. iii). Accommoda ing he demands of he nderpri ileged, he back ard sec ions of he socie and he minori comm ni ies hro gh democra ic principles, helps in b ilding a more incl si e and a harmonio s socie . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

17. (i) A democra ic co n r looks in o he needs and aspira ions of e er sec ion of socie . I is also able o handle social conflic s, di isions and differences. (ii) The go ernmen of Belgi m as able o nego ia e differences be een o ling is comm ni ies af er framing policies hich accommoda ed he major e hnic comm ni ies in he co n r . (iii) Accommoda ing he demands of minori comm ni ies red ces he possibili of problems becoming e plosi e or iolen . In a democra ic go ernmen , he majori sho ld ork in close coopera ion i h he minori . (i ) The r le of he majori comm ni sho ld no be aken in he religio s or ling is ic sense alone. Th s, on he basis of social accommoda ion and respec ing each o her s c l res and freedom hich is a major fea re of democrac , i is a fair e pec a ion ha a democra ic co n r sho ld prod ce a harmonio s social life. 18. Loan ac i i ies of banks in India. (i) Banks pro ide loans for ario s economic ac i i ies. (ii) Banks in ermedia e be een hose ho ha e s rpl s f nds and hose ho are in need of hese f nds. (iii) Banks offer er less in eres on deposi s han ha he demand on loans. 19. M l i-Na ional Corpora ion (MNC) in erlink heir prod c ion across co n ries in ario s a s : (i) A m l ina ional corpora ion (MNC) is s all a large compan ha o ns and con rols prod c ion in more han one na ion. MNCs se p offices and fac ories for prod c ion in regions here he can easil Downloaded from www.padhle.in

ge cheap labo r and o her reso rces. This is done o minimise he cos of prod c ion end o ma imise he profi . (ii) The MNC is no onl selling i s finished prod c s globall , b more impor an , he goods and ser ices are prod ced globall . (iii) The prod c ion process is di ided in o small par s and spread o across he globe. (i ) The mos common ro e for MNCs in es men s is o b local companies and hen o e pand prod c ion. 20. I has follo ing impor ance:- 1. I red ces he press re on o her co r s. 2. I finishes a case i hin 3 mon hs. 3. Cases seeking redressal p o 20 lakh are handled b dis ric cons mer co r s. 4. Cases seeking redressal p o 1 crore are handled b s a e cons mer co r s. 21. (i) Till 1789, France as f ll-fledged erri orial s a e nder he r le of absol e monarch. The poli ical and cons i ional changes ha came in he ake of he French Re ol ion led o he ransfer of so ereign from ha monarch o he bod of French ci i en. (ii) The re ol ion proclaimed ha i as he people ho o ld hencefor h cons i e he na ion and shape i s des in . From he beginning, he French re ol ionaries in rod ced ario s meas res and prac ices ha co ld crea e a sense of collec i e iden i , and a feeling of na ionalism among he French people. (iii) A ne French flag, he ri colo r, as chosen o replace he former ro al s andard. The Es a es General as dele ed b he bod Downloaded from www.padhle.in

of ac i e ci i ens and renamed i as Na ional Assembl . Ne h mns ere composed, oa hs ere aken and mar rs ere commemora ed, all in he name of he na ion. (i ) Regional dialec s ere disco raged and French, as i as spoken and ri en in Paris, became he common lang age of he na ion. The re ol ionaries f r her declared ha he o ld help o her people of E rope o become free na ions. OR i). The prolonga ion of he ar crea ed s rong reac ion e en i h he U.S. ii). I as clear ha he US had failed o achie e i s objec i es. iii). The Vie namese resis ance had no been cr shed; The s ppor of he Vie namese people for US ac ion had no been on. i ). Tho sands of o ng US soldiers had los heir li es. ). The idespread q es ioning of he go ernmen polic s reng hened mo es o nego ia e an end o he ar. i). US media and films pla ed a major role in bo h s ppor ing as ell as cri ici ing he ar. 22. Colonial Go ernmen repressed he Ci il Disobedience Mo emen : (i) The Colonial Go ernmen ook br al s eps o repress he Ci il Disobedience Mo emen . The go ernmen began arres ing he Downloaded from www.padhle.in

Congress leaders one b one. This led o iolen clashes in man places. (ii) Abd l Ghaffar Khan, a de o disciple of Maha ma Gandhi as arres ed (April 1930). (iii) Angr cro ds demons ra ed in he s ree s of Pesha ar facing armored cars and police firing, man ere killed. (i ) Gandhiji as himself arres ed. ( ) A frigh ened go ernmen responded i h a polic of br al repression. Peacef l Sa agrahis ere a acked, omen and children ere bea en. Abo 100,000 people ere arres ed. 23. Minerals are non-rene able reso rces and heir s ock is limi ed. Con in o s e rac ion of minerals raises he cos of e rac ion as he ha e o be d g from grea er dep hs. (i) A concer ed effor has o be made in order o se o r mineral reso rces in a planned and s s ainable manner. (ii) Use s bs i es in oder o sa e minerals sho ld be enco raged. (iii) Impro ed echnologies need o be cons an l e ol ed o allo he se of lo grade ores a lo cos s. (i ) Rec cling of me als, sing scrap me als and o her s bs i es are some s eps in conser ing o r mineral reso rces for he f re. 24. i). Wi h he c rren si e of aro nd 108 billion dollars, he Indian chemical Ind s r acco n s for appro ima el 7 percen of Indian GDP. ii). The chemicals sec or acco n s for abo 14 % in o erall inde of Ind s rial prod c ion. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

iii). The share of he Ind s r in he na ional e por s is aro nd 11 percen . i ) In erms of ol me, India is he hird larges prod cer of chemicals in Asia af er China and Japan. ). The go ernmen aims o crea e 100 million addi ional jobs in he man fac ring sec or b 2025. Hence, in es men s in man fac ring in he chemical sec or are absol el essen ial o ens re gro h of he Indian Chemical Ind s r . 25. The main charac eris ics of democrac ar in ide selec ion of a s. (i) Democrac is a form of go ernmen in hich he r lers are elec ed b he people. (ii) In a democrac , he final decision of making po er m s res i h hose represen a i es, elec ed b people or ci i en. (iii) A democrac m s be based on a free and fair elec ion. Where hose ho c rren l in po er ha e a fair chance of losing. (i ) In a democrac , each ad l ci i ens m s ha e one o e and each o e m s ha e one al e. ( ) A democra ic go ernmen r les i hin limi s se b cons i ional la and ci i ens righ . 26. I is er diffic l o reform poli ics hro gh legal a s. i) De ising ne la s can help o disco rage he prac ice of rong poli ical prac ices and enco rage ne ones. ii) B hese changes can' onl help o reform poli ics ha is a challenge o democrac . iii) For e ample j s b changing he r les in cricke can' impro e he q ali of he game. Downloaded from www.padhle.in

i ) In cricke , pla ers, coaches and adminis ra ors can impro e and bring good changes o he game. ) Similarl , in poli ics, he reforms ha e o be carried o b poli ical par ies, ac i is s, press re gro ps,mo emen s and ci i ens. 27. The isible impac s of globalisa ion on Indian econom can be described in he follo ing a s : (i) There is a ide choice of goods and ser ices in he Marke s. For e ample The la es models of digi al cameras, mobile phones and ele ision made b he leading man fac res of he orld are a ailable in he marke s. These prod c s are affordable as ell as i hin reach of he people. (ii) Se eral impro emen s in he ranspor a ion echnolog has made m ch fas er deli er of goods across long dis ances possible and ha oo on lo er ra es. (iii) The impro emen in informa ion and ele-comm nica ion echnolog is e en more remarkable. The in en ion and se of comp er, in erne , mobile phone, fa , e c, has made con ac i h each o her aro nd he orld q i e eas . (i ) Ne jobs ha e been crea ed in ind s ries here MNCs ha e in es ed s ch as elec ronics, fas foods, cell phones e c. ( ) Some Indian companies ha e become m l ina ional b hemsel es d e o globalisa ion, s ch as Ta a Mo ors (a omobiles), Ranba (Medicines), Infos s (Comp er and Informa ion Technolog ) and L & T (cons r c ion). Downloaded from www.padhle.in

28. Liberali a ion is an process hereb a s a e lif s res ric ions on some pri a e indi id al ac i i ies. Liberali a ion occ rs hen some hing hich sed o be banned is no longer banned, or hen go ernmen reg la ions are rela ed. Fo r effec s of liberalisa ion on he Indian econom : i) Economic liberali a ion has opened p he Indian econom o he foreign in es ors. ii) I has also opened p he econom o he foreign companies ho no ha e grea er access o he Indian marke s. iii) I has increased foreign rade. i ) I has increased he job oppor ni ies for he people. 29. A. The ci associa ed i h he Jallian ala Bagh inciden --- Amri sar B. The place here he Indian Na ional Congress session (1927) as held --- Madras C. The place here Gandhiji iola ed he sal La --- Dandi (Na sari) Downloaded from www.padhle.in

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A. Nara ra N clear Po er Plan . B. T icorin Major Sea Por . C. Bhilai Iron and S eel Plan . Downloaded from www.padhle.in

CBSE Social Science 2016 Ge e a I c i : . (i) A e i a e c (ii) Thi e i aec i f 30 e i di ided i f ec i A, B, C a d D. (iii) Sec i A c ai 6 e i f 1 a each. Sec i B c ai 6 e i f 2 a each, Sec i C c ai 10 e i f3 a each. Sec i D c ai 8 e i f 4 a each. (i ) The e i e a ch ice. H e e , a i e a ch ice ha bee ided i f e i f 3 a each a d 3 e i f 4 a a e e f he a e a i e i a ch each. Y ha e ei . ( ) U e f a ca c a i e i ed. Downloaded from www.padhle.in