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OFFICE OF THE NON-FORMAL AND INFORMAL EDUCATION ONIE

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Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education www.nfe.go.th Background  Non-formal education in Thailand had been developed from adult education run by Adult Education Division under the General Education Department since 1940 focusing on literacy problem and then had been expanded to cover basic education for the out-of-school people, including vocational skills training and information service. Later, on March 24, 1979, the Department of Non-Formal Education was established through merging the Adult Education Division, the Centre for Education Technology, and the Centre for Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Educational Museum under the Department of Curriculum and Instruction Development. In 2003, when there was restructuring of the Ministry of Education and its administrative system, all tasks of the Department were then transformed to the Office of the Non-Formal Education Commission (ONFEC) on July 7, 2003 under the Office of the  Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education. After 5 years of the restructuring of the Ministry of Education and its administrative system, undertaking roles and responsibilities of ONFEC remained heavy and involved in the same tasks as before and the goal in mobilizing lifelong learning promotion among people was yet to be achievableand effective as it should be. Given the aforementioned problems, the government through the Ministry of Education realized to the need of putting up the legislation for promoting good Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

strategies and most effective mechanism for the 3 development and promotion of non-formal and informal education, the Cabinet then unanimously passed the Promotion of Non-Formal and Informal Education Act. The Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education, abbreviated as “ONIE”, was therefore established by this Act, officially promulgated on March 4, 2008 (B.E.2551) attached to the Office of the Permanent Secretary. ONIE is a main organization that offers educational opportunities especially to the out-of-school people who have missed and lacked formal schooling system. Moreover, ONIE provides basic education programme for disadvantaged people who have difficulties in accessing to the formal education system, such as street children, inmates, workforce, the disabled, conscripts, the needy, the elderly, farmers, hill-tribes, remote rural people, Thai-Muslims, slum dwellers, general public, etc. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Vision “All Thais have quality and equal education- al/ lifelong learning opportunities and are able to live appropriately through their whole lives in line with the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy. Furthermore, Thai people have the necessary skills for the 21st Century.” 4 Missions 1. To provide and promote the provision of quality non-formal and informal education so as to elevate educational level, improve learning skills for all target groups which are appropriate for every period of their age, as well as, to provide the readiness for change in social context and to create the lifelong learning society; 2. To promote, support, and cooperate with network parties in providing non-formal and informal education, lifelong learning, including, Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

performing various forms of CLC/learning resource 5 activities; 3. To promote and improve the effective use of educational and digital technologies in providing non-formal and informal education for all withcoverage; 4. To develop the curriculum, learning ac- tivity models, educational media and innovation, as well as the measurement and evaluation methods consistent with the current context; and 5. To conduct the personnel development and administration system for non-formal and informal education with efficiency based on the principles of good governance Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Goals 1. The disadvantaged who are deprived of, miss and lack educational opportunities, as well as, the general public have access to educational opportunities in basic non-formal education, informal education, and continuing education with quality, equality, and coverage relating to their  context, problems, and needs; 2. Thais’ education is raised. In addition, their moral and ethical behavior, and citizenship are promoted and instilled, leading to the life quality improvement and community strengths for the development of the sustainable and stable economy, society, culture, history, and environment; 3. Thais gain learning opportunities and have good attitudes towards science and appropriate technology enable them to think, analyze, and apply for their daily life. Moreover, they can solve their problems and improve their quality of life creatively; Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

4. Thais’ reading habit is improved and 7 encouraged in order to support self-study; 5. Communities and local network parties from all sections cooperate with ONIE to provide, promote, and support the operation of non-formal and informal education, likewise, to drive the community activities; 6. Educational and digital technologies are improved by organizations concerned and educational establishments in order to enhance the quality educational provision and increase the learning opportunities for all; 7. Educational media and learning pro- cesses are developed by organizations concerned and educational establishments to solve the problems and improve life quality responding to the change of economic, social, political, cultural, historical, and environmental contexts, as well as to the needs of people and various types of community. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

8. Work ability of ONIE personnel are improved to work more efficiently in non-formal and informal education; 9. All ONIE organizations and educational establishments have the administration system in line with the principles of good governance. Target groups  Group of general public Group of inmates Group of the workforce (aged 15-59) Group of the disabilities Group of farmers Group of the elderly Group of Thai hill tribes Group of local leaders Group of overseas Thais Group of disadvantaged or underprivileged children Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Target groups (Cont.) Group of conscripts Group of Thai-Muslims in southern border provinces Group of the Moken or “Chao Ley” or “Chao Thai Mai” in the official language ONIE Organizations  According to Section 14 of the Promotion of Non-Formal and Informal Education Act, B.E. 2551 (2008), the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education was given the mandate to act as the central organization in promoting, supporting, and coordinating non-formal and informal education, as well as undertaking the secretarial work of the Coordinating Committee for Promotion and Support of Non- Formal and Informal Education. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

ONIE has the following powers and duties as follows : 1. To become a central agency in the operation, promotion, support and coordination of non-formal and informal education and to be responsible for the secretarial work of the Commit- tee; 2. To prepare recommendations on non-  formal and informal education policies, strategies, plans and standards for the Committee; 3. To promote, support and undertake the development of qualities with respect to academics, research, development of curricula and educational innovations, personnel and information systems relating to non-formal and informal education; 4. To promote, support and undertake the equivalency transfer of educational results, the equivalency transfer of knowledge and experience Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

and the equivalency determination of educational  levels; 5. To promote, support and coordinate the conglomeration of persons, families, communities, communal societies, local administrative organizations, private bodies, professional bodies, religious institutions, business operators and other bodies into network parties, in order to strengthen operations with respect to non-formal and informal education; 6. To prepare recommendations relating to the utilization of information technology net- works, television and radio broadcasting stations for education, community radios, science centres for education, public libraries, museums, community learning centres and other educational resources in order to promote continuing learning and the development of quality of life of the people; Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Administrative Organizational Structure of ONIE Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education Coordinating (ONIE) Committee for Promotion and Support Internal of Non-Formal and Audit Unit Informal Education Central Provincial ONIE Provincial Educational Establishment under Administration Office (77) CommiƩee for Direct Administration PromoƟon of of ONIE Office of the Secretary District Non-Formal and Non-Formal and Informal EducaƟon Centre Regional InsƟtute for Non-Formal and Informal Informal EducaƟon (928) EducaƟon (5) Finance Division Distance Education InsƟtute Planning Division  EducaƟonal Non-Formal and Informal EducaƟon Establishment Centre for Special Target Groups CommiƩee InsƟtute for the PromoƟon and Development of Learning Non-Formal and Informal EducaƟon Development Network VocaƟonal Training and Development Party Centre Division (10) Community Learning Centre Test Systems (7,424) Science Centre for EducaƟon Development Division (including Rangsit, Roi Et) (17) OperaƟons PromoƟon Division King Mongkut Memorial Park of Science and Technology at Personnel Division Hill Area Community Learning Centre \"Mae Fah Wahkor, Prachuap Khirikhan Luang\" (767) Kanchanapisek Non-Formal EducaƟon Centre Supervisory Unit CLC (Royal Academy) CommiƩee Centre for EducaƟonal Sirindhorn InsƟtute for ConƟnuing Technology EducaƟon and Development Science Centre for EducaƟon (Ekkamai) Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

7. To carry out the monitor, inspection and evaluation of non-formal and informal education operation results; and 8. To perform other work under this Act or other laws which provide for the powers and duties of the Office or as entrusted by the Minister. List of ONIE Organizations  No. Name of Organization Number Status 1 Office of the Secretary 1 2 Finance Division 1 3 Planning Division 1 4 Non-Formal and Informal 1 Central Education Development Division administration 5 Operations Promotion Division 1 offices 6 Personnel Division 1 7 Test Systems Development 1 Division Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

No. Name of Organization Number Status 8 Internal Audit Unit 1 9 Supervisory Unit 1 Central administration 10 Centre for Educational Technology 1 offices 11 Science Centre for Education (Ek- 1 kamai) 12 Distance Education Institute 1  13 Non-Formal and Informal 1 Education Centre for Special Educational Target Groups agencies under 14 Institute for the Promotion 1 direct and Development of Learning administration Innovation of ONIE 15 Regional Institute for Non-Formal 5 and Informal Education Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

No. Name of Organization Number Status 16 Vocational Training and 7 Development Centre for Thai People along the Border Areas 1 Educational establishments 17 Kanchanapisek Non-Formal under direct and Informal Education Centre (Royal Academy) 1 administration of ONIE 18 Wat Yanasangwararam Woramahawiharn Agricultural  Training and Development Centre under the Royal Initiative of King Rama 9 Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

No. Name of Organization Number Status 19 Sam Song Songphrakhun 1 Vocational Training Centre 20 Wongduan Arkomsurathun 1 Vocational Training Centre 21 Science Centre for Education 17 Educational including Rangsit Science Centre establishments for Education and Roi Et Science under direct and Cultural Centre for Education administration 1 of ONIE  22 King Mongkut Memorial Park of Science and Technology at Wahkor, Prachuap Khiri Khan 23 Sirindhorn Institute for 1 Continuing Education and Development 24 Office of the Non-Formal 77 and Informal Education Educational (Provincial level) agencies 25 District Non-Formal and 928 Educational Informal Education Centre establishments Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

No. Name of Organization Number Status 26 Sub-District Non-Formal and 7,424 Informal Education Centre Community Learning Centre: CLC) or called “KOR SOR NOR TAMBON” Classrooms 27 “Mae Fah Luang” Hill Area 767 Community Learning Centre (HACLC) 28 “Chalermrajakumari” Public 113 Learning  Library resources 29 Rachamangkhalabhisek Library, 1 Klai Kangwol Palace 71 30 Provincial Public Library 31 District Public Library 745 Learning 32 Mobile Library for Marketers 77 resources 33 Community Book House 19,852 34 Non-Formal and Informal 51 Education Centre in Foreign Countries Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

According to Section 17, there shall be a Provincial Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education in every province, as follows: (1) in Bangkok, there shall be a Bangkok Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education, abbreviated as “Bangkok ONIE”, as an agency attached to the Office, and as an educational agency under the law on administration of teaching officials and  educational personnel, to perform the duties of a secretariat to the Bangkok Committee for Promotion of Non-Formal and Informal Education, and shall have the powers and duties of administering the provision of non-formal and informal education in Bangkok; (2) in other provinces, there shall be a Provincial Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education, abbreviated as “Provincial ONIE”, as an agency attached to the Office, and as an educational agency under the law on administration of teaching officials and Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

educational personnel, to perform the duties of  a secretariat to the Provincial Committee for Promotion of Non-Formal and Informal Education, and shall have the powers and duties of administering the provision of non-formal and informal education in the province. In addition, according to Section 18, an educational establishment shall perform the duties of promoting, supporting, coordinating and providing non-formal and informal education in collaboration with network parties. The operations of an educational establishment may provide for a community learning centre as a unit organizing and promoting learning activities and process for the community. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

ONIE Personnel (as of the fiscal year 2017) No. Job Title Number of Personnel 1 Government Officer 2 Government Teacher 312 3 Educational Personnel 2,225  4 Permanent Employee 481 654 5 Government Employee 14,382 6 Hired Employee 1,835 19,889 Total Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Community Learning Centre or Sub-district Non-Formal and Informal Education Centre in Thailand Background  Since the nation stepped into Thailand’s 20-Year National Strategy and Thailand 4.0 Policy, the Thai Government has placed its focus on lifting educational standard and quality, widening educational and learning opportunities and encouraging participation from every sector so as to ensure public access to quality lifelong learning at all levels with activities ranging from reading promotion to basic education, and vocational skills training through non-formal and informal education activities. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Fundamental Principle A Sub-district Non-Formal and Informal Education Centre (SNIEC), generally known as Kor Sor Nor Tambon (Community Learning Centre) incorporates the community-based approach into its operations and learning management, with full use of community capital (such as buildings and  locations, technical resources, local wisdom, cul- tures and traditions). It also coordinates with the network of community members to organize learning activities by encouraging participation of network parties from every sector in the community. Both service providers and recipients share ownership and responsibilities of thinking, doing, solving problems, designing, integrating the learning process and providing learning experiences that are consistent with the community’s way of life. SNIEC committee is also formed from members of the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

community to support, monitor and evaluate its  performance. Objectives 1. To serve as a hub for learning and providing non-formal and informal education activities to ensure public access to quality lifelong learning 2. To form and expand the network of partners in organizing non-formal and informal education activities in a community 3. To promote and support non-formal and informal education activities performed by network parties 4. To coordinate and link with other agencies in the public, private and civil sectors in the provision of education activities Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Roles of Sub-district Non-Formal and Informal Education Centre (SNIEC) 7,424 Sub-district Non-Formal and Informal Education Centres (SNIEC) across the country play a key role as learning activity providing units for the non-formal and informal education activities and promoting lifelong learning among the  general public, and creating a learning society. In this respect, the CLC facilitators/teachers as the Head are the principal mechanism for managing and moving the centre towards its goal with the cooperation and collaboration of all sectors in the community. Currently, SNIEC plays new roles of another 5 centres as follows: 1. C ommunity Learning C entre for Sufficiency Economy and New Theory Farm- ing Promotion which promotes learning process, coordinates Sub-district Learning Centre for Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Promoting Sufficiency Economy and New Theory  Farming, as well as collects and disseminates knowledge in close cooperation with Internal Secu- rity Operations Command. 2. Community Centre for Democracy Promotion and Development which creates correct learning and understanding of rights and duties in a constitutional democracy and promotes people participation in politics in cooperation with the Office of the Election Commission of Thailand, the Council of Political Development, the Council of Community, and civil society. 3. Community Digital Centre which creates opportunities for people’s access to various kinds of information through internet system, develops skills and builds capacities of people to search information for job performance, daily living and quality of life improvement. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

4. Community Lifelong Learning Centre which promotes and supports the provision of non-formal and in formal education with quality in line with the educational policies based on the community contexts, and mobilizes community resources and participation of network parties for implementation and for providing learning activities.  5. ONIE Online Commerce Centre (OOCC) which is the centre for selling online products at sub-district level and acts as the basic online trade counseling centre for people in the community. ONIE’s major target are the work force with 15 - 59, the disadvantaged who are deprived of, miss and lack educational opportunities, and the general public interested in learning and seeking knowledge. Around 4 million people a year have obtained education and learning services from non-formal Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

and informal education with financial support by  the government more than 2.1 billion baht. With the capacity of 8,672 CLC facilitators/ teachers, target groups over the target number as set could receive learning services. This results from: 1) the well trained sub-district CLC facilitators/teachers in knowledge management, micro planning, and learning and teaching process management accord- ing to basic NFE curriculum, 2) the readiness of ICT for supporting learning provision, 3) the readiness of data base and community ICT for management linked throughout the country, 4) the use of sub-district micro planning as a mechanism for educational planning and management, 5) participation of CLC committees, communities, learners, and service beneficiaries in making the implementation plan for the development of community lifelong learning, the readiness of trained CLC committees in performing their Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

roles and responsibilities, and in knowledge and understanding in non-formal and informal provision of CLCs, 6) the ability of CLC facilitators/ teachers in building network parties and in encouraging them to take part in providing learning activities, planning, giving support of resources, knowledge, including monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of CLCs and 8) the use of  Deming Cycle (PDCA) in managing operations of CLCs. These are all key factors resulting in the great success of CLCs in Thailand. Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Thailand Profile 1. Official Name : The Kingdom of Thailand 2. Location : Located in Southeast Asia, adjoining the Democratic People’s Republic of Laos  and the Republic of the Union of Myanmar to the North, the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Gulf of Thailand to the East, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the Indian Ocean to the West, and Malaysia to the South 3. Area : 513,115 Sq.Kms. (198,114 Sq.miles) 4. Capital : Bangkok 5. Government : Constitutional monarchy Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

6. Head of State : His Majesty the King 7. Head of : Prime Minister Government 8. Population : 66.41 million (2018) 9. Religion : Buddhism (the national religion: 95% of the population)  10. Language : Thai (the national and official language) 11. Currency Unit : Baht (1 USD = 31.14 THB : 2019) 12. Literacy Rate : 94.1% (2018) SOURCES : World Bank The Bureau of Registration Administration, Department of Provincial Administration Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Advisors Dr. Srichai Pornprachatham Secretary-General Office of the Non- Formal and Informal Education Dr. Wilekha Leesuwan Deputy Secretary- General Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education  Produced by : Dr. Apiradee Kandet Director, Planning Division Prepared by : Foreign Relations Section, Planning Division Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (ONIE), 2019 Translated by : Punramol Sutthirit Foreign Relations Officer, Practitioner Level, Planning Division Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Edited by : Foreign Relations Officer, Roong-Aroon Omas Senior Professional Level, Planning Division Proofreaders Foreign Relations Officer, Roong-Aroon Omas Senior Professional Level, Planning Division  Foreign Relations Officer, Practitioner Level, Punramol Sutthirit Planning Division Cover and Artwork Designer Punramol Sutthirit Foreign Relations Officer, Practitioner Level, Planning Division Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education

Office of the Non - Formal and Informal Education Office of the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Education Bangkok, Thailand Tel: 66 (2) 281 6364, 628 5068 - 72 Call Center: 1660 Website: www.nfe.go.th ONIE