D. Govu 2B Flipbook

Body Systems Project

Table of content

Integumentary System Assigned Terminology ■ derm/o, dermat/o: skin ■ kerat/o: hard; horn-shaped tissue ■ xer/o: dry ■ xanth/o: yellow ■ erythr/o: red ■ pedicu/o: louse ■ onych/o: nail ■ myc/o: fungus ■ pil/o: hair; hair follicle ■ lip/o: fat ■ rhytid/o: wrinkle ■ albin/o: white Function The integumentary system's main function are protection, body temperature maintenance, excretion, perception of stimuli. Vocabulary Allergy Skin Test- skin test used to identify allergies Intradermal Skin Test- skin test in which different substances are injected into the skin to test for allergic reaction Biopsy- the removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination Autograft- surgical transfer of tissue from one part of a patient's body to another part of the same body Curettage- removal of tissue by scraping the surface; common treatment for removal of basal cell tumors Lipoectomy- surgical removal of fat below the skin Rhytidectomy- elimination of wrinkles through surgical removal of skin on the face; face lift Dermatoplasty- replacement of damaged skin with donor skin from a different region of the body; skin graft Blepharoplasty- plastic surgery of the eyelid; lid lift Liposuction- use of suction during surgery to remove fat below the skin

Integumentary System Continued Diseases/Disorders Purpura- a purple or brownish-red rash in which blood leaks from vessels into the skin or mucous membrane Urticaria- hives with localized swelling and itching Pustule- a small, infected skin elevation that contains pus; abscess Tinea- a skin infection caused by fungus Healthcare Careers Dermatologist- physician who diagnoses and treats conditions and diseases of the skin, hair, and nails Dermatology Nurse Practitioner- may perform many of the same tasks as physicians; depending on the area of medicine in which they work, nurse practitioners may prescribe certain medications, order lab work, and perform procedures such as suturing wounds and diagnosing and treating minor illnesses such as the flu or ear infections.

Musculoskeletal System Assigned Terminology ■ my/o: muscle ■ myel/o: bone marrow ■ oste/o: bone ■ cost/o: rib ■ crani/o: cranium ■ -pexy: surgical fixation ■ chondr/o: cartilage ■ arthr/o: joint ■ -plegia: paralysis ■ kinesi/o: movement Function The musculoskeletal system provides the body with support, protection of internal organs, mineral storage, and blood cell formation along with holding body parts in position, making movement possible and producing a majority of the amount of heat that keeps the body warm. Vocabulary Bone Scan- a nuclear scanning test that identifies bone fractures, tumors, or infections Goniometry- the measurement of range of motion in a joint X-ray- radiographic image used to diagnose skeletal changes in the body Myoplasty- surgical repair of a muscle through plastic surgery Closed Reduction and Internal Fixation- external manipulation to restore a fractured bone to normal position Tenotomy- incision to the tendon, usually to repair a deformity caused by a shortened muscle Diskectomy- surgical removal of a herniated (ruptured) vertebral disk Electromyogram- a graphic recording of the contraction of a muscle as a result of electrical stimulation Prosthesis- artificial replacement for a missing body part, such as an extremity Deep Tendon Reflexes- evaluation of involuntary muscle responses with a reflex hammer

Musculoskeletal System Diseases/Disorders Ankylosis- a stiff joint caused by adhesion, or abnormal fusion of two bones into one Ataxia- inability to coordinate voluntary muscle activity; characterized by shaky, unsteady movements Gout- form of arthritis in which uric acid builds up in the blood and causes joint swelling and pain Impingement Syndrome- condition that occurs when tendons of the shoulder become compressed by the bones of the shoulder Healthcare Careers Orthopedic Surgeon- physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal disorders, sports injuries, arthritis, and fractures; must hold a Medical Doctor or Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree. Sports Medicine Physician- treats and prevents sports-related injuries of the bones, joints, and muscles; qualified to diagnose and treat patients, prescribe medications and therapy, and perform surgery.