Cambridge English: First Masterclass Workbook

Cambridge English liiiii¡i11: *, :riirffi ijiii iili r .i$ ffiliii.i ;i iH Simon Haines Barbara Stewart

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Reading and Use of Engtish Part 5 1 You are §oin§ to read a magazine article about !rish folk dancin§. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best accordin§ to the text. 1, What did the stage show Riverdance achieve? A lt showed lrish competition dancing at its best. B lt demonstrated how complicated lrish dancing is. C lt presented traditional dances from all over the world. D lt introduced lrish dancing to an international audience. 2 Why do some individual dresses cost so much money? A They are made of very heavy material. B The pattern of each dress is different from every other. C They are made of very expensive material. D They are created by top designers. 3 What do we find out about the competition judges? A They are looking for perfection. B They are sympathetic if a dancer makes a mistake. .! C They only watch one dancer at a time. +J D They pay Sreat attention to all the dancers. C pc) 4 How does the writer compare lrish dancing with other -o sports? r Traditionatlrish folk dancing, which is well known for its cotourful costumes and etaborate steps, has become very gtamorous si c the stage show Riverdance made it recognizabte attover the (() A She thinks it is more competitive than other sports. What many peopte do not know about, however, is competition q) s dancing and the importance of appearance in competitions. (J Appearance, which can include costume, make-up, shoes and C B She thinks performance matters less than in many posture, can make up 40-50% of the dancer's total score. rt] other sports. Solo competition dresses often run to thousands of dottars t- because of the intricatety embroidered designs which are unique (o ro eách dress. The otder and more experienced a dancer is, the hear o her make-up and the more etaborate her dress. Dresses, shoes C She thinks experience is more important than in other make-up are atlmarks of status. o_ o_ Dancers begin preparing for competitions up to a week in r(] sports. advance by apptying fake tan to their tegs. Then, for almost an rs dfld a half before performing, they perfect themsetves - applying D She thinks there is more pressure on the participants make-up, attaching wigs, and gtuing their socks to their legs to prevent them from falting down. lt seems incredibte that the c t{ of hours a dancer spends preparing for a competition are atmost equalin points to the months, or even years, that she spends than in other sports. zo perfecting and memorizing compticated steps. .1trJ 5 What is important about lrish dancing to the dancers ln competition, dancers wittperform different steps in a line of a dozen or more dancers. A judge wiltwatch severaldancers at themselves? once, but if the judge perceives a singte imperfection in the appearance or in her performance, he wittmove on to watch a A the honour of winning compet¡tions zs better dancer. lf a dancer cannot catch and hotd the attention of the judge, she has no chance of winning a medalor even a ptace. B their beautifully designed costumes C working hard and making good friends D the fact that they are representing their country 6 What do people appreciate most about dance competitions? A the uniqueness of the dancers' costumes B the teamwork shown by groups of dancers C the fact that the dancers look beautiful D the fact that the pedormers are talented athletes ,iI i:á ,l # ,.d d lr,$

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Writiñg Part 1 1 The paragraphs of this sample essay are not in the correct order. Read the essay and put the five paragraphs in the correct order. Do not try to choose the correct words yet. E lt is clear that for some of these people, such experiments with appearance are / /successful; (a) but however things can go seriously wrong. Unfortunately, (b) this such can cause great unhappiness and can even ruin people's lives. tr lt seems that the majority of operations are on people (c) who / which are simply unhappy with the way they look. They believe that altering their physical appearance will increase their confidence or make them more attractive to other people. They hope surgery will make it easier for them to make friends or to get a good job. E /tOl They There have been many recent reports about cosmetic surgery operations that have gone wrong. When I heard about these, I wondered why so many people choose to have these oPerations. I t\"l /To tn conclude, I would suggest that everyone considering cosmetic surgery should first receive honest medical advice and be warned about the risks involved. I fO ft / There is no doubt that some cosmetic operations are necessary for medical /or psychological reasons, (É) by for example for patients who have been involved in serious accidents. (h) However / But, it is clear from the number of operations conducted every year that most 'patients' are not in (i) this / the category. 2 Now choose the correct words in italics in a-i above. .1: +cJ pq) E Reading and Use of Engtish Part 1 C ro to(J For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits C each g!ap. There is an example at the beginn¡ng (O). ro l- roo o_ n* ttl ,(o]- Tweetie de Leon-Gonzalez lOl broke into the competitive world of modelling at the notice, but she was not easily (r) agoóf l+ ers from gett:ng' . ,#F{ ''her eduea$ofi. $he accepted modelling projects brrt made t3l thesews're only'l tr at weekends. With a discipline that would make any parent proud, this hard-working (41student finished high school and then a university degree in philosophy. to ., After graduating, Tweetie went job-hunting, but nrodelling pro1ects continued . 'r,,':r rt-:- ü'{§} ..-------- her way. until her days were all booked up. lt was o'nly after (ü} ' corfipet1ion that she deeided to take {7} ------,.*-- modelling as a profession. As wellas ' l earning the respect of other models, she established solid friendships throughout her career. Yet at the height of her popularity, she turned her back on the glamour of the rcsált*l-fashion world because she was findlng modelling less and , She said it was beginning to feel more like work than enjoyment. OA threw B started q@ D launched B got D Saw 1A took B distracted C made D interrupted 2A disturbed B careful C interested D sure 3A definite B held C clear D earned 4A awarded B find D make 5A come B gaining C won D going 6A taking Bto Din 7A on B popular cgo D entertaining 8A rewarding C winning cup C agreeable

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Reading and Use of Engtish Partz 1 You are gloins to read a newspaper article about a child genius. For questions 1-1O, choose from the sections (A-D).The sections may be chosen more than once. Which paragraph ffffffffiiii says that the writer found it hard to establish rules? ffffffffffffiiiiii suggests that the writer controlled how Leo spent his leisure time? describes an incident which shocked the writer? gives an example of Leo's inventiveness? states that the writer believed some people thought he wasn't strict enough with Leo? refers to Leo's enquiring mind? gives examples of Leo's stubbornness? states that the writer finds parenting Leo difficult but worthwhile? suggests that the writer is confident that Leo will succeed in life? says that finding the risht environment for Leo was key to his development? a +J C 0) +ro, A c r My 11-year\"old son Leo is a flnalist in Channel 4's 'Child Genius' There are of course other downsides to having a very bright child. #§¡ competition, For me, it caps a decade spent learning how to Not least of these is dealing with the education system, I've seen raise a child whose intellect and independence of spirit simply :o state schools that are content to be of average standard, and aren't ordinary. lt has been rewarding, but it hasn't always expensive private schools with equally average teachers that ¡ been easy. I was struck by Leo's curiosity and independence don't make allowances for students who have different needs, of thought almost as soon as he could speak. When I told little which I find alarming, I will never forget the ignorant teacher Leo something, he would hungrily analyze it and respond with a who, in my hearing, patronized my six-year-old when he referred penetrating question, He learned to play Monopoly at four and m to Shakespeare as a poet. 'He wrote prose,' she snapped. was soon beating me; at six, he had read the Odyssey. He would Eventually, we found the right school for him, His frustration has ro do jigsaw puzzles without the pictures - because it was more gone, he has matured, he has strong friendships, and his grades are mainly 'A's. At last, he's just an intelligent, appropriately challenging, ln fact, for every game he played, he would make up new rules, ones that would make the games harder. siimulated child, and achieving his potential. BD Leo's lQ was tested on his 11th birthday, lt scored him in the top +c 'Child Genius' has very much cast me in the role of the pushy 0,01 per cent of his age group. So yes, he is bright, I think I only parent, but I would argue that I have simply been discriminating. rs f ully admitted that to myself after I saw those results. Not having Leo has seen little live television in his life; instead, good stuff other children, I had no real way of measuring Leo's intelligence, on DVDs and as many books as he has wanted. At six, he was And, also, I have to admit that part of me just wanted a standard reading versions of the classics written for ieenagers, and last kid. Every parent wants their child to socialize well and make +s w€ek we watche d Coriolanus together, Shakesp.ár*', language f riends, not to be a genius and potentially difficult, Discipline was was not a barrier for him, This September, Leo goes to a highly :* challenging. Explaining to Leo that he needed to sit in a given academic secondary schoo{, and he plans to go to university, place, eat a given meal, foltow a given routine, he would invariabty He's strong in maths and English, and a keen actor, What will he ask, 'Why?'. And, often, he'd ref use, By the time he was four, it become, I wonder: a barrister, a doctor, a journalist? I tell him he was sometimes hard to tell if he was wildly creative, or merely sü can be anything he wants to be, and I believe it. The programme wild, tfelt isolated, because many parents and teachers assumed has conflrmed my belief that raising a really bright child is a task ei; that Leo was atlowed to do just as he liked. The opposite was true. society neither really understands nor supports, We worked daily to impose routines. But Leo was reluctant to go along with anything just because he was asked to.

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Grammar 4 Complete these sentences with can, be able to, mana$e or can, be able to, manaÉle, succeed succeed in an appropriate form. You may need to use the 1 Choose the correct alternative in italícs in these sentences. negat¡ve. ln which two sentences are both options correct? a That's as fast as I can run. I run any faster a /How long could you have you been able to drive? even if I tried. b I can't / 'm not able to understand a word he's saying, b Despite setting ofl late, Karen to catch the can you? train. c The teacher told me he couldn't / didn't mana§e to correct my essay because he couldn't read / didn't c Even if the fire fighters had arrived sooner, they succeed in reading mY writing. d I'd like to - saved the building. d Has your brother managed to / been able to find a job? play a musical instrument. e /I could was able to beat you at chess any day of the week. f A tall man stood in front of me at the concert, so I e He play tennis since he hurt his back. couldn't / wasn't able to see a thing. f The high jumper finally in clearing the bar g I can't / 'm not able to believe it. I got an 'A' in maths! h Fortunately, they could / were able to rescue the children on his third attempt. from the burning building. - - 2 Complete these questions with an appropriate form of can or be able to. In which sentences are both forms correct? a come to my party on Saturday, or have you made other plans? (you) b speak Spanish before you went to live in @ Spain? (you) +J oC c ever do everything people do, fo -d-o you think? (robo-ts_) -- +J §¡ d get the sofa in if we took the door off? (we) .ct e find out Richard's new phone number yet? (David) f My jeans are torn. repair them? (you) g picked us up if we'd asked you sooner? (you) 3 Complete these sentences with the correct form of can. lf it is not possible to use can, use the correct form of be able to. You may need to use the negat¡ve. a When you give your speech at tomorrow's conference, nobody understand you unless you speak more clearly. b I'm afraid I go to the party. I was busy on Saturday. c Janet read before she was three years old. I think that's amazingl d They - eat any more. They were full. e Despite the delay, the passengers $et their connecting flights. f I -- tell Darren yet, but I will as soon as I see him. - Sara walk for a long time after the accident. She had to use a wheelchair. When the chip pan caught fire, John _=- put the fire out with a wet cloth. - t2

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Listening Part2 f t) 1.2 You will hear a journalist called Richard Prior talking about the time he met the autistic savant Daniel Tammet. For questions 1-1O, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. +a, Cq (U Daniel works from home because he would find being +J (\\¡ l: E Vocabutary Comparaflve and superlatlve 1 Complete these sentences with the comparatlve or superlatlve form of an appropriate adverbsadjectlvos and adject¡ye or adverb from thls list. You can use one of the words twice. good heaw high superst¡t¡ous I J a She's the person l've ever met. This morn¡ng, on the way to college, she refused to walk under a ladder. b l\\4y su¡tcase ¡s than yours. I can hardly lift mine. c That's the car we've looked at so far. We couldn't possibly afford to -buy ¡t. d I can see much now that I've cleaned my glasses. e I'm - than I was th¡s t¡me last year - I must go on a diet' than men - that's why they have fewer accidents. f -Women drive g There's no doubt that she§ the student in the class. She always gets the - marks ¡n tests. -h He's a brilliant maths teacher. He expla¡ns things much than any -teacher l've ever had. ¡ -I hope the weather doesn't get j That was the - we're going on holiday on Saturday. film I've seen ¡n a long t¡me - lthought it was even - than this year's Oscar winner' - L4 -

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Vocabutary Phrasal verbs with §íve t Replace the verbs in italics in these sentences with the correct form of §ive and one of these words. \".--*--*: i3y9l- *9?-.[- r---gY! YP i a When are you going lo return the CD you borrowed from me last year? b At the beginning of the exam, the teacher distributed the question papers. c I've tried not to play so many video games, but I'm hooked - I just can't stop doing it. d They are lett¡ngyou have a T-shirt free with every CD you buy. e My little brother realized he wasn't going to win the game, so he admitted defeat. Grammar Habitual actions 1, ln each of these sets of three sentences, two sentences have a similar meaning and one has a different meanin§. Put a cross (/0 next to the sentence with a different meaning. C a L l always used to walk to school. 2 I would always walk to school. .a9 f o_ 3Eo l've always walked to school. (J b 1\" I used to get up early. 2(Y) I am used to getting up early. 3.1J I am accustomed to getting up early. c 1, I usually check my emails before I get up. 2 Normally, l'd check my emails before I got up. 3 Normally, l'll check my emails before I get up. 2 Choose the correct words in italics to complete these sentences. a /I lived in Africa for nearly five years, but I never got used to was never used to the heat. b I sot used to smoking / used to smoke, but I gave up nearly three years ago. c Even though they are only three years old, the twins are used to getting dressed / used to get dressed themselves. d People from other countries get used to drivin§ / are used to driving on the left quite quickly when they come to Britain. /e Where did you use to live were you used to livin§ before you moved to New York? 16

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Reading and Use of Engtish Part 6 1 You are going to read a magfazine article which explains some of the reasons why people collect things. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. r People have been collecting things for centuries. Their collections range from rare baseball cards worth thousands of dollars to beautiful, brightly-coloured orientaljewels that glisten in display cases, showing their owner's wealth. ffi r Even with a valuable collection, it isn't often that a collector sells up and claims the money. Why, then, would someone put so much time and effort into amassing a valuable collection? Terry Shoptaugh, from Minnesota State University Kim Herzinger, an English professor and an avid collector, r* Moorhead, can shine some light on why people collect. ln :* provides yet another explanation for our obsession with an article, he offers the idea that collecting is based on a collecting. Herzinger says: 'Collecting is a way of dealing C need to inspire recollection.ml'We use keepsakes to with a feeling of incompleteness that many people feel .a9 stimulate memory especially to trigger happy memories,' in childhood.'He adds, however, that collecting is also a f Shoptaugh writes. 'But even if memory cannot be relied i5 upon to faithfully reproduce the past, it remains vitalto our passion. ffi Herzinger also believes that it's important for o_ :s collectors to maintain a sense of control over their collection. Eo ffil-lfo avoid this, the collector narrows the field from O understanding of the past.'This may explain why people baseball cards to, for example, the NewYorkYankees cards. (Y) IcJ collect unattractive, old war memorabilia in an effort to Herzinger admits that while the collection brings much joy remember the romantic aspects of war while not forgetting the true horror of such times. to the collector, there will always be disappointment.'l once ac Anthropologist Marjorie Akin is also an expert on collecting. +* had a very good friend, a record collector, who was showing She shares Shoptaugh's idea that people collect for a me around his collection of valuable American jazz records. connection to the past and memories. She writes: 'Objects can connect the collector to the historic, valued past.'Akin ffi Many people feelthey have a special bond with their also gives four other reasons why people collect. The first collection and can't help feeling frustrated if no one else seems to appreciate it as much as they do.' :* is to satisfli a sense of personal order and beauty. Some +* A simpler explanation for the popularity of collecting as a collect to please personaltastes. ffiJ-lnnother reason is the hobby is suggested by Kurt Kuersteiner, who says, 'l believe collector's need for completeness. Akin says she has seen the main reason people collect things is a basic interest in the people cry out with relief once their collection is complete. topic.'Can it really be that simpleT After showing me his favourite items, he became silent, apparently disappointed with my lack of response. B And, like most similar obsessions, it lets you live in another world for a while. c Despite this, she believes that some people collect for money and profit. D However, more collections consist of oddities that have nothing more than sentimental value for the collector. E ln other words, people collect in an effort to remember and relive the past. F Others collect items that are weird or unusual to show their individualism. G To collect every baseball card would be impossible, leaving the collector with a feeling of always being overwhelmed. 18 d § &*

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r Reading and Use of Engtish Part2 L For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginn¡ng (O). *.-their authors, btoggers, (1) own voice on the internet. lt's a ptace {2} aordinary peopte can share interests - whether through a pol.itical commentary, persona[diary,(3}-atist-oftinkstofavouritewebsites. , \"r$ra6onat'ai t+i ii, ,'..' as a,ma '¡ou na,[i ,often use blogs to publish breaking , ,oca Vocabutary f Adverbs L List these adverbs under the correct headin$s. * .- o_ i \"eovei\"niühtaerdry*in;tie*rñes*t;in;*gÜly éluÜctk-ilyd*oácáclaosüi§oniva-*ll-yAoáiníüly'.terüa*re;'lpyés;e,nrsilitvively j Eo i sometimes surprisingly totally unfortunately very (J Adverbs of manner (Y) .11 Comment adverbs: c, Focusing adverbs: 20 Frequency adverbs: Adverbs of degree: - Rewrite these sentences using an appropriate adverb from the list in 1 in the correct position. Sometimes more than one adverb can be used. a I only caught my train because it was a few minutes late - that was luci<y. b I §o to the theatre from time to time if there's something Sood on. My brother was stopped by the police because he wasn't driving safely. d I hate long road journeys. I hate them most in the winter when the roads are icy. e My sister passed her driving test first time. That surprised everyone. f When I was foul I broke my brother's favourite toy. lt was not an accident. g That was a terrible fire. The house was destroyed - there's nothing left of it.

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Listening Part 3 f {} J-.4 You witl hear five short extracts in which women are talkin§ about their relationships with their brothers. For questions 1-5, choose from the list (A-H) what speaker says. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. orüLy oNE c&FD A Her brother had more freedom than she did. B She never sees him because he's studying away from To Go: home. Speaker 1 ffffffffffiiiii c Her parents preferred her to her brother. Speaker 2 D She became good friends with her brother in her teens. Speaker 3 Speaker 4 E She doesn't keep in touch with her brother because he Speaker 5 lives abroad. She doesn't make the effort to see her brother nowadays. She used to like her brother but doesn't now. H When she was younger, she was proud of having an older brother. ao o t- t Vocabu[ary .tc @ enrasal verbs with píck L Replace the words in ítalics in these sentences with the correct form of pick and one these words. You need to use one of the words three times. iat on out upi a Our plane landed at 4 a.m., so my brother came to collect us in his car. b He's such a bully - he always treats younger or weaker people unfairly. c I've got a terrible cold. I probably caught it at the swimming pool. d You can tell when she's worried - she just eats little bits of her food. e She's easyto spot in a crowd - she's verytall, and she's got long black hair. f I learned French when I lived in Paris. have and take 2 Complete these sentences with the correct form of have or take. a Do you know what time the ceremony place this afternoon? b We don't want to children until we're in our late twenties. c Maria is thinking of a nursing course next year. d Their children are old enough to care of themselves. eldon,twantto-anargumentaboutthis'Weneedtodecide. f I'd like to visit the-gallery, but unfortunately we enough time. - - - 22 i d

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Reading and Use of Engtish Part 5 1 You are §oin§ to read an article about a computer scientist. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (4, B, C or D) which you think fits best accordin§ to the text. L How is Wendy Hall different from many other computer scientists? A She is fascinated by the technical details of computing. B She is not as creative as the majority of her colleagues. C She is not interested in talking about the technicalities of computers. D She is less well qualified than many of her colleagues. Why was Wendy Hall first attracted to computer science? A She was interested in computer programming. B She saw the future potential for the use of computers. C She became addicted to playing computer games. D She enjoyed using her own personal computer. What was the purpose of the first software designed by Wendy Hall? A lt helped upload texts on to computers. B lt made information available electronically. a C lt enabled teachers to produce educational videos. 0¿ D lt helped other teachers she worked with. o 4 What were Wendy Hall's feelings when she first became a If university lecturer? ..trrJ A She felt out of place as a woman in a man's world. B She couldn't use the same specialist language as her colleagues. r Although Wendy Hall is an internationally-renowned computer scientist, there is nothing geeky about her. ln fact, this C She didn't know the answers to questions she was gregarious woman with a warm laugh is among the best and brightest. As well as heading the University of Southampton's asked. s Electronics and Computer Science department, Hall works D She was worried because her colleagues were better closely with Tim Berners-Lee, the 'father of the Web'. So why qualified than her. did a woman who is indifferent to writing computer code or discussing processor speed choose a career in lT, a field with How did other researchers react to what Hall proposed? a reputation for being dominated by geeky men? A They considered her ideas to be an important rs Hall's work with computers began in the early 1980s, long before the Web existed and when personal computers were breakthrough. a novelty. 'Allyou could do with PCs in those days was learn programming or play games,' she says, Like many women at B They suggested improvements to her basic ideas. that time, Hall avoided such activities: she was more interested C They didn't understand the importance of her ideas. rs in pure mathematics. Her ability to appreciate abstract ideas is what then drew her to explore the growing field of computer D They said her ideas were not important for computer science. She taught herself to program, but it was the thought of how computing could change people§ lives that fascinated science in general. her. 'l could see what was possible,' she says. How was Tim Berners-Lee's system different from Hall's? A His system depended on access to the internet. B His system applied only to individual computers. C His system could not be used on individual computers. D His system did not require a computer hard drive. 24

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Reading and Use of Engtish Part4 1, For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meanins to the first sentence, using the word g¡ven. Do not changle the word g¡ven. You must use between two and five words, includin§ the word given. Here is an example (O). EXAMPLE O Jason adds up fisures well for someone his age. GOOD upJason is good at adding figures for someone his age. 1 We were in too much of a hurry to eat before we left. TIME We to eat before we left. 2 lt is certain that she will pass her music exam. BOUND She her music exam. 3 I am meeting my tutor at 2 o'clock this afternoon. ARRANGED with my tutor at 2 o'clock this afternoon. Many countries have introduced a new law to ban smoking in public places. BROUGHT ln many countries, a new law to ban smoking in public places. a 5 lt's improbable that we'll ever go there again. q) UNL¡KELY o We there again. L Dan learned Russian when he lived with a family in Moscow. He didn't study it formally. t .t PICK -t Dan didn't study Russian formally. He living with a family in Moscow. 26 Vocabutary Personality adjectives L Match the follow¡ng adjectives*w.riethátfhireéir definitions. An example is given. oráve cáring ór,eé.rul -ánáiá\"iiC entñrriá;iñ fa\" A person who... well-educated a has had a good education. b is always lively and doesn't tire easily. c is original, artistic and imaginative. d is calm and does not get annoyed or frustrated. e is helpful and sympathetic to other people. f is not afraid of dangerous situations. g is friendly and enjoys being with other people. h treats everyone equally. i is efficient and good at making and carrying out plans. j is healthy and in good physical condition. k is interested in and excited about something. I is the opposite of lazy. m is always happy and optimistic.

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Vocabutary o @ Travet 1 Complete these sentences with the appropriate word from this list. l- i .to.:-il{ _ *gryl:e* _ g}g,i:l9t__i_o_Tlg\"y _ttplg_yl _ _y_oJ?_q_\"__ q= a lf you live in the south of England, it's easy to go on a day to France. (=) E b Have you ever been on a gu¡ded of Westminster Abbey? C c Do you know, my to work took over an hour this morning. (o d The price of the holiday includes a full-day to a place of cultural o interest. (o e The ferry was canc-elled because of rough seas. l- f -Last year, we went on a around the Mediterranean. The ship was very +J luxurious. ¡f) g The Titanic sank on its first transatlantic to New York. .ü C 2 Choose the correct alternative in italics in these sentences. a We made / d¡d a lot of s-i§htseeing when we were in Athens. 28 b The campsite / camping was very crowded, so we had to install / put up our tent close to the exit. c The plane set down / landed on time. d Once the passengers had got in / boarded the plane, the cabin staff / crew asked them to fasten / close their seat belts. e /Next year, we're going on a cheap packase charter holiday to Portugal. f lf you lose / miss the train, you'll just have to wait for the next one. g The bus / coach trip to Bruges was fully booked / reserved. h On the cruise, when we stopped at the major ports / harbours, most of the passengers got out / disembarked. /I Did you make take a lot of photos while you were away? j /It's much more interesting to drive on country ways lanes than motorways. /k She bought the hand-carved elephant as a souvenir memory of her safari holiday.

6Z g roleads 'arnlua^pe ue seM ,iem srql Eu¡¡¡ener1 ¡1 ffffii , raleads 'Fulllener] e¡doed Eu!]saralut oLuos ]aul I g 'ureBe Áeal stql lo^el] plno/v\\ | I [ffi t roleads 'acuar.radxa aq],{q peluroddesrp ,ilfqBlls se^ | l ffi z raYeods 'du] aq] Jro pua aL{} ,iq po}sneqxa sem I O tffi T roYeods 'olqeuolruocun Fulllo^er] ¡o Áem slq] punot I C I'¡n¡d¡eq ¡{.ran a.rem JJe}s aL,lI 'pelcadxe ueql iaFuol tlcnu Xool,{aurno[aql V 'esn ol poou lou op noÁ qc¡qrn sreual erlxo aaJql a¡e o¡aql'ecuo Áluo s¡etle! eql asn 'sÁes ra¡eads qceo leLUrA (U-V) lsll eqt uorl asootlc'g-tr suo¡¡sanb rol 'uo ueaq o^eq ,(etll sÁau¡no[ ¡noqe Fulltel ere e¡doed qclq^^ u! s]cerlxe ]¡otls e^[ reaq ll!^ no^ g'T (] T It0f-,) r lred SuluaJstl L=) ooc 'au uo o ereds riue aneq ],uplp I se,ieuou ¡{ue reBBeq eL{} oAlF o} alqe },use/v\\ | CU 'u^^op learq ,iaq1 ueqm sJec plo JoJ a.reds laB of ]lncuJlp s,]l l- ¿-+J ro ereds rnoÁ ur Eu¡op e¡¡¡ noÁ op ]eL,l/v\\'spuouJ r.llr^ ]no EuloB tror¡ yedy {., c, -ereds aq] ul daa¡s uec no^ 'oruoc no,{ ueqm dn noÁ pd Á¡tsea uec aM c .eln}cundeleEnoAesecul-eledseÑrccp|noLlSno^q e.reds e peq Áeq1 se ouloc o] polue/v\\ | Jr pelse pue Jec lor.,ll FuUet arem Áaq1 'spuau} euos qltan d¡11,{ep e uo acuell o} }uo/v\\ ¡ 'teaÁ 1se1 e i-\"JL -:gll - x1.-\" lrrL-*:]l?\"1*-9:y9!: i ateds qil^ suolsserdx3 @ n'ls!l slr,ll ruorl pro/n e¡e¡rdordde oql qlr^ sacuoluos asaq¡ e¡e¡duo3 )ec aL,l] ¡red ¡ aroJoq leuruuo] aq] ]e noÁ ll,l V 'pueleoz /v\\aN o] Áem rno uo sÁep ¡o e¡dnoc e ro¡ Fuoy Fuo¡1 ul ol EuloE eJ,oM t 'alel s;noLl aolLl] -eue¡d aL¡] pue 'pe,ie¡ep sem lqft¡1 eq1 o o}uol}e}Sot]}o}}uo^^SpUal]Jpue,i¡tue¡.,,-,,,.on,n-,I}l*,,-,.*p - 'eBuno¡ etnlredap or.l] o] UBnorql luam pue e¡n'uodre oL{} }e penure e/v\\ se uoos sV c .tvtouÁqajaq}eqplnoqSÁeq1os.'LU.e8}eUodlleaq}lo¡-,(eq1q ¿- ,{teu pue ouoc no,i p¡no3 'Eulurotu fitee aq] ul Furnure sl ]tlElu e i*:_i,di-i:d_\"qe *g::\":[_ffi- '\"-\"*\".*^** ^*.: 'tuJol ale!¡dordde -ue u! lsll slrll ruoll q¡el ¡eserqd eleudo¡dde ue Lll!/rt secualuos asaqt e¡e¡dtuo3 e lelerl :sq¡ol leseJqd

Grammar Complete this story with verbs from the list below. Use an appropriate past tense and make any other changes that are Past tenses necessary. 1 Choose the correct alternative in ítalics in these sentences. ii-a* get in G*\" ---p\"k ,p--**\"-\"-*l get out make rain shake Jan was go¡ng/ went to live in ltaly in 2OLO. She hadn't iobegin give notice reach open realize try i been in the country long before she got / was gett¡ng I have wait i married. id i ii^drive off /'Didn't you finish Haven't you finished your homework /yet, Alex? You haye been doing have done it for ages.' 'l d¡d / have done most of it, but I'm stuck on the last bit.' I know I said I'd phone you as soon as lsot / had got /back but I can't remember where I have been writins down wrote down your new number. It's typical, isn't it? I had just put / just put shampoo on my hair when the phone had rung / rang.l was thinking / thought it might be important, so I have rushed / rushed downstairs. Needless to say, it had stopped / has stopped ringing before I was reaching / reached il. /e 'l'm terribly sorry, but I have forgotten forgot your name.' f Police said that the man they wanted to question had / /was having long hair and has been wearing was wearing a denim jacket and jeans. He was driving off / had driven o off in a stolen car. l- tf iulie has just covered / had just covered herself in suntan One evening, a young woman (1) through f lotion when the sun went / had Sone behind a large black (J Ec cloud. lonely counmyside. It (2) heavilv and it (() /I was thinking have thought of calling Sam and have just /0) (3) to get dark. Suddenly, she (4) ro picked up had just picked up my address book to look an old woman by the side of the road, holding her thumb out l- /+J up her number when the phone started was start¡ng as if she wanted a lift. 'I can't leave-her out in this rveather,' the ro ringing. lt was herl young woman said to hers-elf, So she stopped the car and .1J 'ls anything the matter?' (5) - the door. 'Do you want a lift?' she /tr 'No. I have peeled have been peeling onions. Onions (6) . The old woman nodded and (7) always make me cry.' /I was sitting sat on the bus on my way to work when I Asshe(8)-herselfcomfortable.theyoungwoman realized I left/ had left something cooking on the stove. aske-d- her, '(9) you long?' The- old woman (10) her head. 'You were lucky, then,' the young woman commented, rvondering why the old woman never spoke. She (11) again. 'Nasty weather for the time of year,' she -continued. The old woman nodded in agreement.-No matter what the voung rvoman said, the hitchhiker (12) no ans\\\\¡er except for a nod or a shake of the head. All of a sudden, the young woman (13) that her passenger's hands were very large and hairv. 'With a shock she (14)-thatthehitchhiker§,,aSn'tanoldwomanat all but e man dressed up as an old woman. She braked suddenly. 'I can't see out of the rear window,' she e-xplained. ''W'ould you mind cleaning it for me?' The hitchhiker nodded and opened the car door. As soon as the hitchhiker (15) of the car, the terrified woman (16) ar top speed. \\lhen she (17) the next village, she stopped. She noticed that the hitchhiker (18) a handbag behind. She (19) it - and opened it. Inside the a narrow escape! 30 bag was a gun. She (20) -

IT qlnr] o ocuapl^e c ]ce] I ¡oord V 8 lelauoF o Áreurpro 3 ¡0-) le^oJdde o leurou g vuor.ur.uoc L f acue/v\\Olle C ! pto^e o lruu.red I uorssruu.lad V g f axeu o ssll.u c alns o alqeuo c ssed g adecse V 9 (J Á¡¡en1ce o olqelr^aur c Fulseercul o sÁepemou C eBeueu I ]ol v? E pailu o olruuap v t Eu¡do¡enep 3 ureuac g C ,{¡uelueuou V e ((l @ryD ,i¡luertnc g Fulpeards V tr 0) Eu¡ster g pe>,lced V o t(o- llnJ I +J ro (g) ue / e sureurar lllls t! '- 'peor eLl] ssortr o1 ueq] ÁB ol reles sr ]r }eq1 (¿) erou pue oroLu 6ururoceq st ]uoPrf,ur +o Uos srqf q6noqf¡y .1J 'slq6l[ 6ururocu¡ req]o o] onp puel ot (9) penrecet 1o¡rd tr or.l] ololeq solnutul Á¡rqt lor.lunj e seM 1r 'ronennoq 'r{¡6ursudrns leqnneLuos 'lo}sestp olqtlJo} e uooq a^eq plnotr leqM (S) of uurq ped¡eq of,uorradxe pue ssauurlef, srH 'lenl s,eue¡d aL1] +o ]soLU dorp otr q6noue 116rq +e6 o] urlr.1 (t) or peeds lln+ uo seur6ue roqlo eql lnd 1o¡rd eq1 'jlo-e)e] 'rorye 1snI pe¡re1 peq seur6ue rno] s,eue¡d oq] ]o ouO (g) senn qsert e lri6noq+ euo,{rene 1eq} sesnoq ,{qteeu .la^o Mol os MeB 1e[ oqrunl. e erel]M ]uopr)ur ]uaf,or e 6urÁpn1s (¿l erc slelll]]O (¡) s-r sluepllul snote6uep orour pue oroLu le6 suodre s,plroM oq] punore sor)s ot{} sV '(O) Fuluulleq eq¡ le alduexe ue s! oreql'deF qcee qU lsaq (O ro C'g 'V) /a/nsue qclLl,l aptcep pue ^ oleq lxal eql peal 'g-tr suollsenb ¡oJ T r tred L,lstl8ul Jo asn pue Eulpeau

Reading and Use of Engtish Part 6 1 You are soing to read a newspaper article about a future expedition to the planet Mars. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. A They are looking for applicants who are healthy, smart enough to learn new skills and able to function in a small group. B The viewing fisures and income they brought in were also influential. C One would have to agree with their reaction, given that the privately-financed plan does not involve a return journey. D Applications had been expected to be around the one million mark, however. E The pioneers will also face lethal hazards such as high doses of cosmic radiation and potentially toxic Martian dust. F This is the number of people who have so far offered to join an ambitious private mission to send a group of four men and women to Mars in 2023. G And the final total could rise even higher before the deadline for applications is reached. ffiMars. The quatity of the appticants is very high, according to Bas Lansdorp, the Dutch entrepreneur who dreamed up the to- scheme tast year. f, ! Lansdorp's plan is to create a media event which is 'exciting, f aa inspiring and beautiful just tike the Otympic Games. which L) ffi!co The estimated f4bn cost of the Mars o gave him his idea. mission witt be met by tetevision rights and other kinds of ro media sponsorship, and atthough Big Brother creatol Pau[ l- Romer, is one of those sittíng on the Mars One board, the event +J u) :s wi[[ not be a TV reatity show. .1J C A selection committee wil.t begin to sort the appticants in the coming weeks, and shorttists witl bI e dI rawn up i. n t-lhe coming ffif*lyear. Nearl.y a quarter of the appticants Live in the United States. The space nations of China, Brazit, lndia and Russia so corTt€ next on the ti§t of the 140 countries where the appticants live. Britaiil comes in 6th ptace with about 7.m. The pLan is r A,o,ne-way ticket to another ptanet where there is no air no to buitd teams of four peopte, each from a different continent, who wiLt live and train together for seven years before the first -, wat€f or food * and certainty no return home may not sound manned taunch in l}2l,arriving the fol.l.owing year. tlt<e a lot of fun. hlowever, to the 165,000 appticants, the rs Rockets carrying cargo, food and tiving modutes wi[[ be sent 'ü$portunity to live permanently on Mars has been too tempting to Mars a few years in advance of the manned tanding. A further crew of four peopLe wiLl arrive two years after the first i io l ffi They wil.t be the first intrepid pioneers for a permanent space cotony on the Red Planet. The organizers of the Mars One mission said they were surprised astronauts have tanded. Lansdorp insisted that the míssion was by horv rnany peopte ha offered to become the first astrCInauts viable, even though drinking water wiLl. have to be coltected mto tand and tive on Mars. This is not because it woutd be +o from the Martian soil by robotic exptorers before the astronauts io impossibte, but because of the technica[ difficul.ty and cost of ffiare able to tand. fuel.l,ing the trip home. But Berhaps the biggest obstacte of all witl. be the psychotogicat anxiety of knowing there is no return joumey no matter what Each appl.icant has had to pay on average $25, depending on happens. 'They witl only step into the rocket if they reatly want their country to cover the administrative fees of the selection process. Neverthel.ess, even this smatt financiat penatty has *s to so. The risk is theirs and they can't change their mind once rs faited to dissuade the tens of thousands who dream of going to thel¿ are on the way,'Mr Lansdorp said. 32

Eg 'leoc Jo acord e laF lsnl-llt/v\\ Áeq1 'peq are Áaq1 ¡1'poo? ere /ioll] ¡r lueserd e ]oE Á¡uo ¡¡rrvr Áaql leql peuJe/v\\ aje uerplrr.lc 'sluosard rleq] ]eF uerp¡rqc qsruedg ]soru ualuv\\ sr Árenue¡ g 'peorqe laler] noÁ ueqm op ],uplnolls pue plnol,ls noÁ leqm ]noqe acr^pe pooF aAlF Allensn serueduroc Áepr¡o¡1 'uercrsnu poo? Áren e s! oH ']edunr] aql sÁe¡d 'epered oq] ul Ued >loo] oqm 'qoce¡ raqlorq Á6¡ e 'surened luarelJrp Áueu ur sossoJp ac/u ero/v\\ uor.uo/v\\ oq] lle lenrlsal aq] ]V p 'unLl se/v\\ ouo ou ,i¡Furzeue ]nq ']uoprcce peq e ur pa^lo^ur oJo/v\\ oM 'areq1Áem eq1 uo 'FuoJ/v\\ ]uo^ Eulr.,lt{renf ,{epr¡oq peq Árc¡ e seM }l sn Lflr^ erel o] crucrd ouu esn epeu Áaq1 'acru Áren are¡n qlrrvr peÁe1.TlilJ:i;rT q 'Áep Árene ]lror..fleo/v\\ poo? peL.l o/v\\ pue 'pooB Áren sem lolor.l orl] ul poot or.,ll Áepr¡oq poo? e seM e i ñ*G+na - -iruüñ-- xüuñé \" - sñóuál- xui,ci i I pul),1 a¡qe,iol'ua s^norlsesrp snorcrlop paqs¡¡dtuocce i ; ,ilr.,lBneu 'ocuo Á¡uo er¡¡cefpe qcee asn ']s!l slr,lt ruort en¡¡ce[pe e]errdordde lsou eq] lselelu! Fullea¡C r.ll!^ scrrel u! so^llce[pe eq¡ ece¡deg 'p!^!^ ororu uo¡¡d¡lcsep e eleu qclLl/r^ sen¡¡ce[pe ,or4lo Aq pece¡de,t eq uec Aaql 'pasn ,a^o ua¡o ile peq pue poof 'ec¡u sen¡¡cefpe eql T z red 8ur1u¡¡ o t- != (:fJ e¡qrsuodser I -o C luelled e (() o ornleu p (() ]sauoLl c t- --IDr1úú- --frn1r1T InJSSoccns q ¡f) lerou e .1t1r ar¡¡ce[pe enltepeN unoN er¡¡ce[py .uen¡F es¡ e¡duexo uV'sa^!lce[pe eseq] lo srurol an!]eFeu eql pue sunou Fulsslru eqt elUA sen¡¡ceJpe en¡¡eEe¡ AANI1IASSISIC]S I]CC]NJ HOtnsllNyndlre rlovncu^todltN ldrHolzxcrssyr lMeNtttoScln9z llltuNnuctEvll l9SSnOtUVttHtl clnnrno^d3nxvu VSdOH po;!] Á]sel lleus ]oL.l Áuun¡ ,il.rlp ploc Flq ,üEue 'uollcerlp Áue u¡ oF uec TspJo/r^ eql'sa^rlce[pe leurou asaql o¡ puodsarJoc Llc!r..1/r,\\ senr¡cefpe otuarlxa aql pu!l sen¡¡ce[pe ouar]xI Ále¡nqero¡

Reading and Use of Engtish Part 6 1 you are going to read an article about sleepwalking. six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6)' There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. A lt turned out that she had been making them in her sleep. B She did not realize that anything was wrong at first' C These work by temporarily stopping the body entering the phase of sleep which accomPanies sleePwal ki ng. D She does not look fonruard to turning the lights out at nisht. E lt may seem amazing, but all these kinds of things are possible' F Others include severe tiredness or the excessive consumption of alcohol. G ln the majority of cases, the experience is quite uneventful' ! .E E o -+cJ (o .1J to thern (rnanyof thern internatioRal), none of which she C ,remembered. ffiJ-l she has since been forced to hide her i r Dangerous as well as embarrassing, sleepwalking remains telephone in a drawer at night. ''ü@y; wh,il¿ its,resülts ian be both up§efting and t.úUpreeictabiu Despite their popular image as zorrbie- Iike figures who stumble about with outstretched arms, It is estimated that a§ many a§ one in three children and one I sleepwalkers are often capable of performing complex acts' Dr esintwentyadu1tssleepwa1katsometime.Expertsbelievethe Peter Fenick says their capabilities are surprising. 'I've known thdy, 'condition is rnastcommoü among children and the ,, , '' ptuaimir *t o have got onto motsrbikes, ridden horses, though the reasan for this remains a mystery. What is'nsw' ' a***ry.ffiJ:r, becoming clear is that sleepwalking tends to run in famities;r - '-' tarnis *¡*otgsr exFerti believe that such complex ffistr*ss or anxiety are believed to be major causes' \" rc behaviour occurs when the individual is suffering from af:* Sleepwalking is thought to start about ninety minutes ,. ' \"üá¿tffi,blaikouts or amnesia. Tt e*e p*duce wtrat is called ffia person Soes to sleep. It leads to lit1le,y.or1¡!ry'a \" ' ,ti,the,,f.ugUer¡{frre. In this condition, the individual enters a watrkround the bedroCIm or the opening of a few,dralv¡rs. lighter state of sleep and can coPe more easilywith lengthier Injuries most oftea occur when sleepwalkers'belieVe thef r ', , and more complicated tasks than the average sleepwalker, \" áre sornewhere they are not: windows, stAirsand elect1i , rs who is usuallyback in bed within fifteen minutes' , := appliances can lead to disaster. fiát'i, fudefinitirxr giver,tn however; few people are n1Nancy Harrison from wiltshire woke r.rp *hirnering orre , ' á¿**ái\"trr,imng *\"d articulate when rhey are asleep as .¡auerfd f',ro' London, r+ho f,og'nd that her phone bill to find the bedroom window uride open andher hr¡sbandi ,\",' ' Robert,§ bed empty.ffi-l'I assumed Robert had .ro.th4' s rha ,.m uttS¡, ted. she later díscovered why. Friends hisbathroout. But when I went to close the wiqdor¡¿ tr saW , :*¡',-#áutd rema* on lengthy late-night ea1ls she had made 34

I tb 'Fullsneqxe / pe¡sneqxe Á¡e¡n¡osqe u,l 'peq ol oF lsnf ll,l ),lulr.l] I ')4ool o] olot,lA /v\\oul ],Uplp | 'auleu JaLl laql.rlotuoJ ],uplnoc I ueq/v\\ Fwsseueqwa / pessu)equlo os seM ]l 'au!] ]sru lsel Futnup lleull ssed ],uop e¡doed ]sohl 'Fulluloddesp / pelu¡oddeslp oo] oq o] lou ,{4 ,ie¡niue paqBnel ¡ ¡nq'Fu¡snwe / pasnwe Á¡re¡ncryed elo|all] pulJ ],uplp I i;onocoJ o¡ Áepr¡oq e poou l'Funsneqxe / petsne¿/xa ]nq leetF sem dU] etll 'plo/v\\Ssolc otl] o] lolv\\Sue ]sel aLl] pu[ ],uplnoc /or-l uoLl/v\\ Fulletlsrul peletpn4 Á¡euer¡xo se/v\\ olod ¡Par ]LlFuq ]ua/v\\ ¡ ,{euou tlBnoue o^ell },uprp I pazlleei pue lllq oq} E /.E ¡(ed ol luo/y\\ I uaq/v\\ ?u¡sseteqwa pessu)equla os se/v\\ | E 'LUlrl ]e Eulmoqs (¡) /-+CJ dn pepue I leL,¡} ueu aq} qllm Fulz(ouue peÁouue os }oE I ',{ep Árana sBultll aues (c' or.l] op no¡'Fugoq / penq os aq uec oc4Jo ue ur Eu!>lroM ..trrJ 'fiwsseueqwe / pesseueq{//a se lla/v\\ se snoretuep oq uec Eu¡¡¡emdea¡g e 'a!q o+ +xeu tls 0l s+uDM oul oN '6upoq s! utlo¡ 'e¡doed Jaqlo uo seLl Fulqleuos ro euoeuos lco¡Ja eql eqlrcsep sa^llcoÍpe Fuf 'a6uoqt p s+uDM eH 'paroq s! utlol 'sloel ro sloot ouoeuos Áem eq¡ oq¡csap sen¡¡ce[pe pe- 'f-e secualues u! scrreil u! ollleurelle lco¡roc eLll esoor,.lc ueql'^ olaq xoq eql u! uolletu¡olu! eql peeu e sen¡¡cefpe íut- pue pe- @ pesr.rdrns palsneL.lxe palerlsnrl peÁouue pasnue paroq peluloddeslp posseJrequra en!lcefpv unoN en¡¡cefpy unoN 'uen!F sen¡¡ce[pe aq] o] pe]ele, sunou aq] ql!/r^ elqet eq] ateldu¡oC T OFulp¡lnq p¡o/n Árelnqero¡

Grammar My uncle didn't give up (smoke), even after the doctor told him he risked (have) a heart Gerunds and infinitives attack. 1 Complete these sentences with an appropriate preposition Pleased (meet) you. Glad and verb in the glerund form from the lists below. You can (hear) you're enjoying your stay. use the prepositions more than once. An example is g¡ven. Can you imagine (be) famous and j against of i become do pass (have) enough money to do whatever you orlng draw at on i break get persuade il wanted? tor with i i upput I Have you considered (get) a part-time job i i i to make some extra money? !i¡n I do apologize for bringing Rachel to your party, but she insisted Vocabu[ary Most politicians are extremely skilled in public. Personal qualities Even though he was bored the same thing 1 Which of the adjectives below describe positive personal day in day out, he never made an effort to look for a new qualities (P), which describe negative personal qualities (N), job. - /and which could be either positive or negat¡ve (P N)? a boring A good salesperson is clever people to buy b optimistic things they don't really need. c determined d efficient I'm not responsible the vase. lt was Greg's fault. e friendly Due to the increasing number of burglaries in the area, the police are warning people their windows ! open. - t patient C E Jack is quite capable good marks at g sensible so school, but he never does. h serious +J The examiner congratulated Graeme his i emotional j jealous .t(o driving test first time. E i Despite the strong wind, we succeeded our k envious tent. I thoughtful j David is good ' but he -isn't really interested What prefixes are added to the adjectives in ítalics in 1to \", .r.rr.** make them ne§ative? Complete these sentences with the gerund -or infinitive form of the verbs in brackets. Remember that some verbs can What are the nouns related to each of the adjectives in L? take both the infinitive and the gerund but with a change of meaning. a lf you don't stop (waste) time and at least try (get) the report finished today, the boss will be furious. 'We regret (inform) passengers of the cancellation of th-e 10.06 train to Glasgow.' The-directions she gave me were easy (follow), so I was amazed (find) I still Sot lost. - (get up) earlier, but I forgot I meant (set) my alarm clock. 36

LE Á¡ree dn olsn ',{¡ree dn leB o} our roJ rarseo EulUeE s,}l 9 roLlleoA oL.l] uec ll OUVH ']lnculrp sor.u rlauos sr JaLlleom orl] Fullclpord 9 'lloM se opt oNlN |'¡¡am se Fu r.uoc lned o] uollce[qo ou o^el] ? 'nOr{ ALIS NV]hI t'no,i Eurl¡nsur Jo uorluolur ou pel{ oL.ls 'uroq sem ,iqeq oq] Joue ull} otl] roJ auer IN]M 'uJoq sem Áqeq aq] roge ull ot.l] to] ),lio^ ol penutluoc ouef z ro 'p!es aLl ler.lM asrou aLll .E o3rN3A3Ud E o I'osrou or.l] Jo asnecaq ples ol,l ]eLlM reaq ],uplnoc T .C 'eBe s¡q ouoauos rort sernFtt uosef +J (o oooc .1trJ 'eBe s¡q auoaulos Jot lloiv\\ sarnEU dn sppe uose[ 0 31d1lVX3 '(g) e¡duexe ue s! aroH 'uenlF pro^ eLll Fu!pnlcul 'splom a^U pue o^ l uea^,Ueq esn lsnu no¡'uan¡! pro/rt aql eFueqc lou oq 'uen¡F plo/rt eql FuFn 'ecualues ls¡lt otlt ol Fulueeu relluls e seq ll leql os ocuoluas puocas eqt elalduoc'g-tr suol¡senb lo3 T vred Llsrl8ul Jo osn pus Sulpeau or.ll ol leF ],uo¡n no^ 'anonb e ur are noÁ uall^ ¡re>iclnb,iue luol¡ Eulaq ]utod ou s,aJoLlI t{ 'sraFuerls ,ieq1o] ),lle] Á¡rpeer ¡¡ran lar.,l] Jol u^ oul llom ale e¡doed qsl11ocs 7 'Fu!,irl deay o] o^eL,l no,{ 'Eurtl}\"*:. ,r\"rvr ,i¡¡eer noÁ,t¡ 'ssoccns Jo o}nqu1¡e }ueuodtul ue sl I ¡o polp ]sotule I 'pua ro^au plno^ Eulleeul aLl] ]tlBnoql I e o 'LUlLl qllm a^ol ur lltls s,ot,ls oux no¡ Áyed o 0 aq] o] pueul¡r¡F ou srrl pue puau¡Áoq-xa s,estl altnut o] no,{ Jo ^ sem }l p Ápreq¡oo,r ^ op o] ]ou rall ]snr] ueo no^ 'UlE e st euuv c Eulrlviue 'r{}uncesur JO ]lnsal oql uauo sl paria-ueelB eq], se umoul os¡e' q s,oH 'uosted ¡o - 'oPls e s)1ool s,{em¡e pue \"rolsuou ltlFuq aq] pu-l),,1(r,lelnn,t }leul sselB, uo e s! ,{tleg 'unou ro en¡¡ce[pe e]eudoldde ue q]l^A sacue]ues asaq¡ e¡a¡duto3 V -

Vocabutary Collocations 1 Complete these sentences with an appropriate adjective from this Iist. One adjective is used more than once. IL_c_l*o_ se hard heaarv4y serious stron-ea i a Unemployment is a --- problem nowadays. b The forecast for tomorrow is for winds and rain in the west, and scattered showers elsewhere. c He said he had been held up in traffic. d I went on holiday with a ---- friend. e Trying to explain how the internet works to people who have never used a computer is work. f The punishment for crimes like murder is life imprisonment. 2 Complete these sentences with an adverb or a verb from this list in the appropriate form. atte-ntively become ji express find hard (x2) heavily passionately soundly take ! I -.-J a I was sleeping so -- that I didn't hear my alarm go off. b Governments need to =---.- a solution to the problem of global warming. c lf you work , you'll be finished by lunchtime. d You can the exam three times a year- p e The motorist had been drinking and was well over the limit. .E f The wet weather is a problem for farmers, who need to harvest their E 0) g cErvoeprsyosnoeonli.stened-.-- to what the boss was saying. -+CJ (o h The politician argued his point and almost convinced me he was right. .'tHr i I had to think before I remembered where I had seen him before. j She the opinion that there was too much violence on TV. 3 Choose the correct alternative in ítalics. Sometimes both words are possible. a When /we were on holiday, we went on took a short / smallcoach trip to Loch Ness. b lt was a tough / hard decision lo make / do. c She had spent / passed her life helping others. d The store has a wide / bt§ range of products. e Competition for the contract was fierce / hard. f /People who violate break the law should be punished. g I can't afford lo run / keep a car even though I direct / run my own business. h There are reports of important / seyere delays on the Central Line. i The motorist admitted to breakinÉ/ passing the speed limit. j The bookshelf came with ful/ / complete instructions on how to build it. k I'm afraid I wasn't giv¡ng/ paying attention to what she was saying. I /We rented hired a car for a few days when we were on holiday. /m The band Coldplay will be playing performin§ live on TV. n The dream was so clear / vivid it seemed real. 38

6t I'a +\"o#a '§-¡our +ou '(1uhLa aJu Lprr.uv\\ op uuc adoad r.l\"!L.l¡^ sra#^r+ao -€\\4+o (uut^r arr2 a.-\\aq+ +\"alp a¿rsoddo eq+ onuq uue |! sraq+o ro3. +hq'l',no1 6r¡1ea1 eru Gq+ uaq¡^ afdoed a\\^.tot -ro1 (du-^eq¿ poo6 v aq fuu, *y r*aen\\¡,r dn u,rns oI 'X.ro¡A oos €L{+ Q -^o ep,s(^1wo\" or.l+ q +ho 6.^pg pao\\^¡ J!a\\.{+ \\ro +a#a anr¡re6d o\\^rus aq+ §uL.t spua'+ q+!/^ aw!+ Dulpueds edoed -eaL{+o roj 'a r+\"aJ+e sr asp.roxo bl' \".lop +utl+ pu,1 atdtoadtl Ñw21¿ 'op ut?\" atdoad Se+!^l+?U JAq+O (/rtl,U,^, eJu e.€\\.1+ -¡'A^A/ o\\.{ s¡4ds Jho +}ll (ur¡,r ersrn.,t pessgJdgp ro pus 6.^lpa3. aru a/^ 3'I 'pt(2s ¡aa3. sh a)pu uuc +srod ¡ho u! +uana lhlurpd 12 3,o flsh spun tr¿-r *l It ?rshr^,r ¡^oF a¡LtA fltuduq 1aa1 aldoed seXrtu\\^r (1uraw6 Ñ-ru1rn,¡-rud ?rshr^, +uaqdn 'Ñ+rera#!p poow rro +\"41fl2 ll!¡^ o+ ua+sll a^^ ?rsh.^, 3'o pul) ott+ e!J*OnQO\\p^o¡t+ow§\\t¡Orho+U+\"+allJO.r+0u(Al+r'§rl+l lrlga,€¡u*ru'U\" ;\"erd§Ohtv\",¡¡'qs\\:^rzots2u[oAr§1n\\o^,t(¡Xa?,-OrJun v roq-{ouu dOd arSnr^.r lglrssul\" sr +r -LaLl+aL{A 'sanll Eadoad (.ru,^, ur olo¡ \"l9}¡¡\\,\\r +uu¡-rodr^.r, up s(uld \"rshw ¿ear6e noÁ oO 'passeJdep ro pes 6ulleel arp nort lr Aderaq¡ lsoq aql s! )tsnnt 'sra]lal lelldec pue sdots ¡¡n¡'seuuoc Fulssltu Áue Fulppe'sqderFered lno¡ otu! ll ep!^!C 'Áesse slqt peeu T E T trBd 8ur1u¡¡ .E : E Usllplofi dae¡ o1luel¡odlul s,l! sÁes uoutls o :l , r' ul u§llptos das¡ o1Jstlaq §\"ll §)tu[{} uourls Í, .ÁU,lp ,fie s.fi,ulaql luern ñort -C JI+-J (o ..c9 §l alqBun §Js xauosoeu É eABq l,uop ]eq} ssJnlBs,¡olstll e^allag slEluafc§ eulo§ 'BrJ'p ¡n¡u¡ad aq1 Áq uled acnpsJ ol Jeüdde UslJ {d'detd,un oxlt po*Ér{oq,{aql 'u;ouart +sq q}lrv\\ Pa}c$ul eJai'A }no¡} }o sdfl aLl] ueqM ¿o sad¡{l usorll}ofx,scus,la#lp st{},llo} o} paule¡} uaoq osls a stt u§lj JáUe a1noJ,a eo§t aul'Jüqualuaj.ol elga lills ejo/v\\ q§!}rtt,Il §{.1} t¿Enolq} sdeo§§, plnoa ,{aql'reu} paulsal q !} 'tuttuuedxa auo ul JoJ §fiulur}Jsqul§ur§J or slqe'Bu¡,a§ r(¡uo lo uollelndej sLl} areq,'qs1¡ r:e §.rsulo seaJsL{rvr l}uap$uqc,s¡p qst} tt}Jo§ }eH sÁes uouJls 'aserqd Uorls ,o pro/rt e ql!,r socuoluos eql elelduoc 'Of,-T suollsenb ¡ol'r{sll uo Ile} e FulnlF rellnl uotuls pallec ueru e reeLl ll!/r^ no¡ g'T q} T zred Sulualstl

q) Listening Part 4 E f '$ 1.? You will hear part of a radio interview with Jerry, a student who works on a +, railway. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B or C). oot- 1 What was the original purpose of the railway? ¡\\ A to carry passengers to a large town .rcJ B to transport §oods to the sea 40 C to take miners to and from work 2 What is the main use of the railway now? A lt is a place that tourists enjoy visiting. B lt is for villagers to travel to town on. C lt is a centre for educational visits. 3 What kind of work does Jerry do? A He does a range of different jobs. B He drives the engines. C He cleans the engines. 4 Why is repairing engines appropriate work for Jerry? A He went on trains like this when he was younger. B He is studying engineering at unlversity. C He has always found it interesting. 5 When are the eng¡nes repaired? A during the spring and summer B at weekends C when not many tourists are there 6 What is the main reason the railway needs money? A to pay essential employees B to fund new projects C to buy coal for the steam trains 7 Why do some adults particularly enjoy their visit? A They like to see their children happy. B They find the visitor centre interesting. C The train journey reminds them of the past.

w '^Aoqs s,^ oroluol ]e uotltlodtuoc rno lo rouurm eq] (ecunouue) e¡¡ ,{epu¡ uo (ut pueq) ']salel aq] ]e plnolls yro/v\\eruotl rno^ -'FuloF st asla euoÁren3 ',ieplnles ]xeu ¡iued s,ool o] (alrnur ]ou) laeLlclt4 Áqm rapuotvt ¡ 'oFe aJnssajd poolq roll o] s,rolcop all] o] sllluoru xrs (rano a)4el) ,iuedutoc aL,¡} oculs luo¡ olls os 'Á¡luacer parl],üen BulleeJ uaoq s,aLlS ]uepunpor (aleur) see,io¡dtua porpunL.l o^tl ',iepqulq qluealqB¡e-,{u ']callL,lcle U/v\\oUI-lleM e /iq uo otu o} (antB) .--- }l 1l aM ¿asnoq /v\\au lno alll no,i o6 'anleA leluaurluos seLl ]l ]nq 'qcnut quoM ],usl qcleM otll - '/V\\OJIO[XO] Ser{e lOlul/v\\ ]sel (u¡vtop Áru ¡ os 'sasse¡F mau paeu ]qFlLU I yulrll I >1eerq) uals¡is Fulleeq lelluac s,looL1cs -'uoouraue srL,ll - ]l aql uor.l^ oruor.l (pues) uarplltlc oLl] llv r.u,l os 'Fuo¡ ,{ren s,rreq Á6¡ F 'Fu¡peeds (tlctec) orr]-o] rr\"^ ,*u*rln-.nu^*- , *5J:;1l''§5 t (urem) oLl au!] lxou al,l] ecuocll slt,l osol plnoc ot,l aH 'aruelq ol Jlostultl seq Á¡uo eg p -'Ioa/v\\ ]Sel r! o/v\\ oS Áep reqlo ,{rene slomo} eql (eFueqc) ')4rep ¡{ran esnoq Jno Eu!>1eu seM uapJeF eull ur aor} lle} V e Áaq1 pue,{ep Arana (uee¡c) 'MOilOTUO] stuoor aq1 'pooB elrnb sel ]e pe,iels a/v\\ lolot,l ot,ll c pol! E ! os'uns lsaq Ille aauoc palllds (unq) auo ou {oteunuol - ^uJ.ra^-o 'uld 6 ]aup tsnf (uaddeq) uotsoldxa aql q +., ]l Iceq ]! Ioo] I 'euoq loF o/v\\ se 'aroLl] (Áo¡dtra) oo uoos se os uo ojo/v\\ a/v\\ olrr.,uv\\ alorq eleuec,{¡¡¡ c e¡doed puesnoql orvrl ',{uedtuoc aBnq e s,}l e t- ta|- ']uled \"o{qep] ru¡oaqsoqc,ipeer¡e en,Áaq1 -'uroJ erlssed Jo enllce eql to esual lcorroc eql iiN uroorpoq r!aq] sluered Áu '¡eam ya¡ q -Fu¡sn 's¡eycerq ul pro/n oql ql!/rt secueluas osot.ll a¡a¡duog ¡ É, 'u-oouJoue slu] ]! o^llce Io e^lssed ¡ os 'Árec o] oru rort ,ineeq oo] sr uorsrnala] /v\\au oL.lI e olelos-op]sU/av-\\o]p lno ale] redar uBIsep JeruLUeJe ]nc ]nc Ja^llop -Ueolc Ycot,lc i i 'sqre^ eseql lo euo pue euop Fulqlewos lecrsnu e,ie¡d ol uJeal P,l ' ']uotunjlsul pF / e^eq p urroJ lceroc orll r{}l^ [-e secue]ues e¡e¡duog t ejoru peLl I Jl I /euop Tulq¡p.utos ¡aF aaeq e1a¡dtroc e s,]r Iurrl] | 'Iro/v\\asnoLl Fu¡op olell I 'IoaM e ocuo pelceiloc s/ L{srqqnr s,e¡doed 'ure}ug ul o pue,{eurno[Fuol e uo -or,noÁ ¡t leatB o^ell reuluns ]xau lrlun ole sa-lzznd pro¡¡ p ' u euoM pessar p-¡ileFu erls olol.u iole Aq panoilot Fupq se^l or..ls lUBnoql olBuv '¡uetuoru e p ,iue laF l,uop | 'uollsanb all] lo ]no st ree,i sltl] ¡iepllotl V c plno^ letll ¿dn ,ipll tpoq am 1,uop Áq¡¡ q ']aBroJ ],uoc 'Áep e ac!/vq pat oq ol speeu Eop eq1 c eauetrc o] a^ell ll,aM' 'Fulleeu Jot.lloue a^,a/v\\ ptejle [u,l e 'r.uooJsselc or.ll olul lq?notq aq ]ou ]snur pooj q tñüñt aurl ereds aur] enes (o]) eu!1lo 1no unr ; 'rvrou FulppaM atl] lacuec ],uec a/vl os '¡no ¡uas uoaq o\\eLl 'suo¡sserdxe eseLll suorlelrnur eL,l] pue 'pa»looq uaaq Ípea4e se{./ r.loJnllc ot,ll e lo auo lo ruJol lcerroc ot¡ t.lt!/n secueluas eseq] a¡e¡duog tr 'al¡/n noÁ secueluas eql lo euos ro¡ ¡cefqns Oaurr¡ tlll,l,r suo¡sserdx3 e lo ),lu!rll ol e^eq Aeu no¡'ec!o^ a^llce oLll otu! sorreil u! sqrel en¡ssed eUl BulFueqc'secue¡uos onlssed eseq¡ ellr/neu Z Árelnqero¡

Reading and Use of Engtish Partz 1 You are go¡ng to read a text on page 43 about cooking. For questions 1-10, choose from the sections (A-D).The sections may be chosen more than once. Which person ffffffffffffffffffffiiiiiiiiii attempts to copy food they had when they were eating out? has had experience of cooking pre-prepared food? is considering having cookery tuition? is sure they will continue to cook well into the future? learns to cook new things by trial and error? learned about cooking when they were abroad? started cooking to save moneY? thinks they have a natural talent for cooking? was encouraged to cook by one of their parents? would like to work in a field related to cookery? VocabutarY Depondent preposltlons 1 Complete the phrases ln itarbs ¡n these sentences wlth the correct prepositlons. These phrases are used in the reading texts. a0) I don't l¡ke it when people ask my op¡nions' E b I usually hang out my friends at the weekends' r-, cG) ln our family, my mother was always ¡n charge mak¡nÉ, rneals. 0) d(1l-l_ Helen has never been particularly keen cookinÉ' ¡\\ e My dad ¡s always exper¡m-ent¡nÉj- new combrnations of spices. f -c..rJ My parents think ¡t's a waste to spend too much money -g Many of the world's most famous rec¡pes were tnvented -h lvly fr¡end learned Russ,an acc¡dent. scratch in less than six months. i Do you have any ¡deas suitable dishes? (, --food.phfasal vefbs wlth come 2 Complete these sentences with the appropriate fofm of come and a word from this llst. F*oss \",x ,ou\"d (-r)- ,rP ,e -,Iil -a lrarelybuy hardback books - they're so expensive lalwayswaittill they in paperback. b I this wh¡le I was clean¡ng out a cupboard the other day. ls ¡t yours? c you won't forget that Paula and N¡ck for dinner on Saturday, will you? d I can't think what to buy Zoe for her birthday. lf you any good ideas, let me know. -e When Jane heard the news, she fainted. When she she didn't know where she was. - f -I'm afra¡d I'll have to cancel the meeting. Something at home' - - 42

ev :i1llr.:i:i+;:.,r+i.r;iii.1;i¡j:i::r;11r:rli+iiir:iil;:u:=':i.jr'r:ii:li¡ 'oror.l] sdr] pooO oulos dn pe¡ctd pue eLuti oluos rol A¡e1¡ ut pa^tl I 'Ino pel,l o^,1 s6urq] Iooc o] polueM lonou 'pl;oA otll Jo,t dn 1t enl6l.uplno^ o^,1 lnq 'sodlcer Out1ce¡¡oc ponol on,l 'pltqc e sem I o3uts 'Iooo Es poo6 Aren e st oqnn Mel-ut-Jolsls Auu ulol+ Iol e pouleol | 'Jalel I pue Our¡ooc leor o^ol I - sleeui Apeat leo ]snl sÁep eseql e¡doed Aueur os nnotl puelslapun l,uop ¡ 'eat0e l,uop I Inq '0u¡¡ooc ul sdels lstrl Au eu lq6n-l sluated A6¡ '6urddoqs Aauoul pue oulrl +o elsem e s,]l >lutlll Asql'6ut¡ooc. ]noqllM Ez ñuroñ sanps 1l pue - llnsol otl] a^ol sÁem¡e rtstfl ilq - ,sodtc§J CIAtl l,uplnoo I 1BL1I st puels;opun l,uop slueled Au leQM Acuafuaua, osaq} ¡¡ec A¡ruq Á6¡ '1o6 a^,o^A leL{A^ luoi1 sedrcel 's! or.,l ueql Our¡ooc ]noqe oleuolssed elou.t lol e u,l pue - nneu Outluo^ut pue spteoqdnc pue eOpu,t lno ut 6ut¡oo1 st os 1¡esÁlu 1q6nei A¡¡ecrseq ¡ 'punotD¡ceq bur¡ooc e seLl pep 6urop Ao[ue A¡¡eer I ]eqm ]ng 'saqstp uetle]l 6ur¡eu llorlt Auu q6noqllv '11 ]sure6e paprcap o^,1 lnq 'e6e¡¡oc tre Ate¡ooc sp'speles Jo] ssapt ¡nau 6utÁrtr 'suncstq pue soleo §_sueqeul 6urop Inoqs 1q0noq1 I '+ot.lc e aq CI1luerrn I uor1ecnpa Au s¿ Aofua I /!\\oN 'suoturdo Alu lo¡ palse sAafle e¡1 '6ur1rcxCI senn rlslul+ I uaLlM leql MouI Apeet¡e I '1el4l uel{} oloul L4cntu sl polooc enn 6u¡qlÁJa^o alrl loal ou apeu aq :luaupedxe of 1r A¡¡enlee lnq ',laaA/\\§ §,Il Iultl} Attill',ouoÁup ilol I Ja^ouot,lM 'spueu+ Aur qlrnn ¡no 6ueq ueU] Al uo soLuLuer0ord pool panol pue looü alsuotssed e se¡n aH 'LulL{ pad¡eq I pue Aepung st qole A Jor{}el ua*a p,l '}§a;e}ut lBoJ {uo iltu s,}l '}ol,p A¡ane usqo¡I otll Ja^o ¡oo1 loLlle+ ALu 'p!>l E §enn I uaq6 EI|aqluolA¡ lnEd-ussr leuolssalo:d rtue se §ur>1oo3 uo ugol se LU,l lnq 'uoa]+!] uJ,¡ er 'ure§e ñunrl B Jo$ 1r op o1]uenn l,uplno^^ | lnq 'sluglel uspos pt EI Eur¡ooc Aur OurÁotuo o;e uolpltLlc Atu pue pueqsnq Au.r nno¡ 'slupJnelsal Jtgtll +o au;os ]e soslnoc uo o0 o1 olll 'luauuadxo puB outoLl o6 o1Iue^A auJ apeuj IJo^^ le sedrcel Á¡¡eer p,l - pl:o^ otll ul §+Btlc }§aq aLll t\"tlo;+ u:eal o] st urte 6urnno¡¡o1 'onennolctlu ot,ll u! 1r 6ut¡crls pue poo+ 6urlsollep ut A6¡ 'suorleulqLuoc lq6tr eq1 ut sluotpolOul e¡duls 6utsn sl ]ueelr Our¡ooc 'ololoq ]p po>l;o^ q¡ sace¡d u¡ 'sluerpalEur lsJoss Ap¡ 'snorrg¡ap A¡e1n¡osqe al,Aaq¡salull JCIi{}o }nq '}no >llo¡¡r l,uop Aot{tr seut}oulos 'so}se} ¡nau Ll}!¡n ñut}ueuttedxo or qsol+ LUor+ Ourq]fuena apeul ]eLlI ]ueJnelsot e ]e looo e seM Aq A¡urer\"u ureal I 'Aep euo o0 o1 adoq I 'uelpul A¡¡etcedse ¡ A¡1ee: 'luapl3cg Aq - sqofsnot¡ard Áiu ¡o suo ul Al.redold 'poo+ uetsv uo ueol A¡¡eer ul,l - 0ut¡ooc Atu olul slnonel+ o Ioos o1 paulpal I uaq} :§unoÁ Aian seAA I uaqm }Etl} }o sclseq le0uolls 0urund pouels an,¡ A¡luecoi inq :sololossec olll E oll] aul peMoL,ls JotlloLu pue eulpuel6 Au; pue Ala¡ooc rt +, ucaxol¡/rü ut aJe slooi A6¡ 'siue:n€1sCIJ ul peq aA.l sstlslp 'sÁqpuels deeqc 'poo6 1o eOuel e ]oO oA,l 'sMot,ls Allo oo 6urlelrur oltl osle ¡ 'uo o0 plnoc | - sottJno 'uol3ttJ3 pue qs4 solrsqom Are¡ooc ulol+ ole soqstp oulnone+ Aut 'Aepo1'1¡ s (1l-|- 'sollstp elsed - 6ultlúue lsoLule loo3 ll,l nnou lnq 'sluolpelOur palol sÁean¡a I pue '§leoLu A¡¡urel eql0ur¡eu ¡o e6.reqc ut #t\\ enrsuedxeul Ll]llln sleou e¡durrs 6ur¡ooc pouels | 'sleouJ selrn I suoal A¡ree Au Aq IeL{} os '6unoÁ sem I uol..,lm looc o} c A¡rure1 uo ssal puads o1 popaou I osneoeq polselolul ]06 loe serlrunuoddo uenlO osle sem I ing ']l t4llm uloq Alqeqold senn | 'ruol+ seLuoc Dut¡ooc lo+ uotssed Aul aJoqnn olns ]ou tll,l I J lnq '18 pooñ Alle¡nleu u.r,¡ ourqlaLuo§ st 6ur>¡ooc )ultll },uop I §oluss eullsprlS EI §Irtero¡ug¡ euÁu¡

Reading and Use of Engtish Part 1 1, For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the be§inn¡ng (0). G) A new (Ol genre of TV programme began in 2000 when ten volunteers moved E into a custom-built house (1) _- off from the world to live underthe +, constant gaze of hidden television cameras. BiS Brother \\tas an instant hit. 0to-) Its success marked the (2) of modern reality telerision and produced t1l- countless imitators. Now, reality television (3) up about 60 per cent of all r\\ shows produced around the world. #c ln a show (4) Cadets, ten successful applicar^ts were sent into 44 space in a shuttle. They received two weeks of intensire (5) in Russia, before being f-loSwpn a1c00ekilometres into space by two hign'¡-experienced astronauts. Here, they spent five jduasytslooorbkiintinggotuhteofetahrethv. ,(,6i',)dc-,-t and watching the experiments, eating, sleeping, or world go (7) There was just one problem: they weren't actually in space. Tney weren't even in Russia. They were in a building on a disused army base (8) -- in the UK. OA species B class (@ D category B cut D ret 1A put B birth C separated D foundation 2A opening B accounts C origin D explains 3A describes B referred C makes D called 4A known B training C labelled D learninS 5A education B carrying C exercise D creating 6A making B along 7A through B anyrwhere C doing D Dr 8A somewhere Con C everywhere D *, herever

9V (\"'st uorlsenbÁ¡uo,{6¡) 'e^ell luol}senbÁ¡uo eqlsl s!rll¿Ue}s qoloq}saop uaqg e (\"'spreBar sy) 'auuerFord ur-auoqd olpeJ e uo paylo^ Jo^eu e^ell I p (\"' 'peu.racuoc are '\" Ise leJ sV) 'slueulrtutuoc Á¡ture,t Áu ere eseL{I 'pllr..lc ouo eneLl pue pot;Jetu ue c (\"' ol roMSUe u¡) 'uorlsenb Ipuocos .¡no¡{ o} lo/v\\sue ,{u s,1eq1 's.leaÁ ooJLl} JoJ sa}e}s pa}lun aq} ul pollo/v\\ q (\"' spreEer sy) 'uorsl^elel u¡ Eu¡¡loan,iofue,{¡¡eer ¡ e 'lel oF ol ueql pappap J,ue^eq an'Áepr¡oq )awwns lxeu )no ol pte7et tllltl (\"' ol pteFu Lfillil'¡el Áep¡oq )awwns lxau )no n1oF ol uaql peplcap J,ua^eq eA 3'ldnvx3 'SpIO/rA erOtu ,O euo lltuo Jo ppp sosec euos ur pue ocuoluos lsrlJ eqt lo Japro pro/n eql alueqc ol eleq Áeu no¡'slelcerq u! suolsseldxe Eulsncol eql Fulppe'mo¡aq e-e socueluas elu/na, oN Z ^ liii]'i+ o E +, oo) l.ll-- N c..rJ . ::¡ii:¡l .] 'peorqe Eul>llorvr ur polsalolul ,{Uelnct}.led }ou r.Ll,¡ 'ou g 'ueueJouec AI e se Eur¡.ro/v\\ se^ qo|lsel ,iru g I t'Á¡¡enluene Áueduoc uorlcnpord u¡vro Áu unr o] adoq 'urer] ,iq EulllaneJl ueq] raqler Fu¡nup o] pasn ue I t I'r..llr/v\\ IJo/v\\ o] r{sea Fu¡aq lo} uot}e}ndel e o^eLl e ¿srseq Á¡¡eem e ro,{¡rnoq ue uo pted eq I lll/v\\ T sFu¡pu3 'sue¡d ura] Euol ¡{ur o} uo Eurno^¡ t 'sanBee¡¡oc r.llliv\\ uo EulueB JoJ sV o 'uorlsenb puocas lnoÁ o] lo/v\\sue ul p ',{le¡es Áu EurpleBeg c 'peu;ecuoc sl FulllaAeJ] se reJ sV q T 'ecueuadxo ]uecat spleFar sy e sFu!uulFeg 'uanlF s¡ e¡duexe uV'g-tr Fulpue elqellns e qtur^ ¡-e Fu¡uu¡Feq e qctew T, lreura / rauat - zted 8ut1u¡¡

Vocabu[ary Gompound nouns L Use a word from each !ist, A and B. Form compound nouns to complete sentences a-9. Some compounds are written as one word, some as two. Check in a dictionary. B j assistant board A\"*, ** éñc, ñé_.- i ;tü;¡--reade ¡ ---§ü-l ; a The wasn't very helpful. lt was five minutes before he served me. b It's incredible how quickly a can find information on the internet. c Whatl'dreallyliketobeisa-'l'denjoyteachingstudentsand researching my subject. d I was- under so much pressure at work last year that I nearly had a nervous - e When you're using a computer, make sure the is at the right height or you could get back pains. f Our college has its own where you can find out about every course on offer. g Did you see that on Channel One last night? He couldn't stop E.og laughing at one of the stories. so and such 2 Rewrite these sentences sta-rting with the words provided. In each case, your answers E should include so instead of such or such instead of so. .t@ a Maria works so hard that she always gets the highest marks. c Maria is b John has such a h¡gh lQ that he got into university when he was fourteen. John's lQ c Claudia is such a fast writer that she always finishes first. Claudia writes d I know so many people who wish they hadn't lef[ school at sixteen. I know e Some people have such boring jobs that they can't wait to retire. Some people's jobs are 46

LV IAAM ]xou rOleJOCAp Aq] AOS O] OFuerJe C auoLld oLl] uo Jolerosap oll] o] Ieods g raruea ouoc o] rolelocop or.l] )4se v ¿op o] oorBe ¡iaql op leq6 'sue¡d JlaLll ]noqe Fuulel ueuro^ e pue ueul e Jeall no^ 8 'sacuenbesuoc snouos oneq llr^ C 'clseq ellnb are g 'Fu¡spdrnsun are V sBu¡pur¡ or..l] slulq] or.lS 'uorlecnpa poor.lplrr.lc Á¡ree olur L{cieeseJ }noqe Eulllel ueuo^ e reaLl no¡ L slouuellc AI Jo o3ror.l3 eql c setuuerBord ¡1¡o ,i¡r¡enb eq] g mes Áaq] ul4 relncryed e V ¿uorleslanuoc rol¡] ¡o crdol ureu all] s! ]eL{M 'uorsrnala] ]noqe Euylel a¡doed o/v\\] reaL,l no¡ 9 Eu¡ueddeq s,]er.lm ]no pu4 uec noÁ Á¡¡c¡nb moq C puu uec nor{ uor}euroJur punorDlceQ Jo }unoue ell} g .Eroo sradeds¡neu ,inq o] onurluoc a¡doad ]eL{} }ce} aq} V ¿]noqe pesudrns s! oL1 ,{es eq saop }eqM E ']auralur oL{} }noqe Fuulel ouoauos ieall no^ 9 .t@ 'a^rlce aq ol sre¡erd eg C 'suods 1e pooF sl oH g :reBeuea] lecld,{l e s! aH V ¿llostulr..l ]noqe Áes eq soop ]eqM 'uorsrnala] uo saLlcle^ aq ]eqm ]noqe Eulllel ¡aleueel e reaL,l no¡ n slerles uorsrnalal ureuac Jo saposrda ernln¡ 3 sarqeq s,e¡doad snotueJ I snoueJ pue L,lcu are oLuv\\ a¡doed Jo sauoq oq] v ¿]noqe sarjols Jo spurl oluno^e} roLl are ]eL{M 'spear oL.ls sourzeBetr aLl] ]noqe Fuulel ouoauos reaLl no^ t s^ au suods aLl] C S/vlou lelcueuU oL]] g saurlpeaLl or.,l] v ¿]sJlJ ]e yool or.,l saop radeds¡nau aq] Jo Ued qcllyv\\ '¡.rorvr o] ,{em aL{} uO no's]lqeLl Fulpeer srLl ]noqe pa^ or^Jalul Fulaq auoauos reoL{ z s^ au alll peal oqm a¡doed aull C sorlols s^ ou uBleroJ I SalJolS S/v\\au lecol V ¿Fullserelur ]sotu puu alls soop ]eqM 'orper aLll uo auuerBo.rd s¡vreu e o] Fu!uelsrl lnoqe FuUlel euoorlos reaq no^ tr '(O ¡o g 'y) remsue lseq eql osool.lc 'g-tr suo¡¡senb ,oJ 'suoltentls luoroltlp tqFla ul Fullle¡ a¡doed reaq llr/n no^ B'T $ I T lred Sulualstl

Vocabu[ary @ enrasal verbs with so t Replace the verbs in ítatics in these sentences with the correct form of §o and one of the words below. , aftgl á1ó1e *ith by on tnrougn ,p a When you're looking fonvard to something, time passes very slowly. b lf you follow him, you might catch him before he gets on the train. c I don't understand what's wrong with my work. Can you explain it again, please? d There was a lot of noise outside our apartment, so we looked out of the window to see what was happening. e I'm afraid the price of petrol is likely to increase again next month. f Sorry, but I can't accept that idea. .Eog Reading and Use of Engtish Part 5 E 1 You are go¡ng to read an article on page 49 about radio in rural Africa. For questions @ .'trri 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. 1, What is the main purpose of the first paragraph of this article? 48 A to tell the reader about the economy of rural Kenya B to give background information about a local problem C to introduce the tea and coffee farmer, lsaac Kinyua D to illustrate the effects of bad weather conditions 2 What do we learn about the accident in which the girl was killed? A People had not been told bad weather was on its way. B On that day, there had been poor radio reception. C People in the area had refused to leave their homes. D Nobody had expected heavy rain at that time of the year. 3 What is Winfred Chege's attitude to the sound of the radio in the town? A She is against it because it is very loud. B She welcomes music being played in public. C She finds the interruptions annoying. D She finds the weather news useful. 4 What does the fact that Winfred Chege puts on a 'heavy sweater' suggest? A She is finishing work for the day. B She thinks ¡t is going to rain hard. C She is preparing herself for the night. D She thinks the temperature is going to drop. 5 What was the problem with weather forecasting methods before the arrival of local radio? A They relied on natural si§ns. B They only covered short periods. C They did not relate to the local area. D They were based on old-fashioned beliefs. 6 What is special about the radios g¡ven to poor communities? A They are easy to use. B They do not use electricity. C They cost nothing to use. D They do not need charging.

'uollpurolur ssaff,B o1 aldoad Áueu rc¡ Áem lsedeaq¡ atll ,'op ol leqm MouI I MoN, 'sÁes s: sureual orppJ 'leuosees e;p sJelseslp leJnleu pup au¡ Áyanod aq] Mo¡aq so^ll uonelndod aqt lletl lsotulp oroqm fu1uno: e u¡ er.ls ,'sulauBd Jaqleem tu.lel-.¡aEuol pue -uot{s }o str¡Jal u! sn punore sl ]eq/v\\ ou,l ol sn padleq seq trl 'paqstlqelsa sem uollpls olpeJ A1^¡untur.uo) aq] e)uls, 'ssed ol utpJ aLll .'slsPfeJoJ Jol sllpm pue Jelea*rs Á.teaq e uo slnd uaql aLlS 'ualJpp ol u! aunl Á11sea ue) Áaqt tetll os aBleqr ol Á6olout{)e1 to ol ul6aq aloqe salls aqt se punolE aql uo salqela6al pue 0r rplos pue dn-purm osn teql sle8peE a¡du1s sotllunuruof Itnr, aql ra^o ll llor ot sut8aq pue llpls ot.¡} Jo aEpe auo olul pallnl Jo^of, r11se1d E lno s'¡1nd aq5 Áepplu JaUE \"rood eq1 errlB os¡e a A, 'Juaul.¡ede6 ¡er1Bo¡o.toelew eÁuey arll le rol)aJlp Álndep 'afuaquy Jalad sÁes ,'¡qEnolp pue seJnuru Ma, e evzvp orros eq o] ,{le>{n sl aJaql asnPf,aq Eu¡poop sB Ll)ns sJelseslp of alqpleulnl spa.le u! paseq Eululotu '¡1e 6u1¡¡es uaaq seq eLls poo¡ aql rallotls ot Áem aJe, suorJPls 'sr»l Ez uet{] eJout }o snlpel e ut }sPfppoJq *s e pu¡¡ ol seq aqs smoul eEaql 'paqslug seq Jeluese.ld sz uef, pue Je¡luusuerl P q]$ auo) suollels oql 'alqellP^e aql uaq^'slsef,aJo} Jaqlea/v\\ .to¡ uo¡¡dnJjatu! lPuolspl)o aql lnq frsnu aql lou sr lenamoq 'srap'¡oqllels aLll Jo aJoqm Á1r:upa1a.ro .l(B¡eua Jelos Áq pelamod 'suottreJs r(trruntrurol qfns rno¡ spr..l r*ou eÁuay 'olppr pue leuJalul euo 'aEaq) parlul^ Jo uollua¡p aql sqel6 leq¡ 'Pare Eursn sol¡unuuof lplnl o1 uolleulJoJut alpulll pue Eulddoqs s,euaEuey u1 ñupelq olppr aqt pulJ o1 Áddeq s1 rCIqteam lpll^ llrusueJl ol peqsllqetsa lrafo.¡d 13NVU ¡eqo'¡E su aq 'Bulddoqs sao8 enÁu1y uaq^ 'ltsnu le)ol ¡o Á1ue1d Hlyvr o¿ oql pue er(uay 13NVU Jo ued s! uotlPls eruaEuey eq1 sJeuelsll sl)eJup 'uorleJs lpf,ol s,euta8uey 'I3NyU euaBuey .'eBenEuel lerol aql ul 'soruoLl Jleql a^Bal ol Álrunuuol aql o1 paÁe'¡al uaql eJe qlelap aq¡ 'eqle,Euey aldoad jo sparpunq palroJ pue p¡E p¡o-leaÁ-gI e pallpl tet{l sr(es , ,l(lnp uo Jaluosa.rd olper eql o] passed pue uollels eprlspuel e lo uro¡ eql u! I)nJls ApaEB.lt 'ualsÁs Eulule*t teqlesm lrlpruolnp aql uJoJ, ualet ale s8ulpeel JaqJPe¡\\¡, oe Á¡rea ou peq euaEuey ueqm 'oEe s.lear( eoJql lsnf 'enÁutx !I 'uollpls Jaqleam Bu¡u1o[pe ue uoJJ s]¡oda.l le'¡n8al soJn]pa] sÁes .'sap1¡spuel pue leqleom otl] ul saBueqr papadxaun uollels aq1 Áepo1 'uralsÁ5 uolleflunutuo) leuJalul pup jo asnpf,aq aJaq ]uel.lodtut rfuarr s! sseupaJede¡d lalsest6, olpPu - 13NVU ¡Qlunuruof lprru aql pue luau¡ede6 'Jaqua)a6 pup JaqualoN ut pe¡radxo aJP sule; rtreaq leql peshpe Eu¡u.re/v\\ JuofoJ aug 'uollpls olpeJ Állunutuor lerlEo¡o.roalew eÁuey oql ueemleq uolleloqpllof ,o ]lnseJ aql l1e uo truam IINVU euaBuey uaqm '8002 fuenlqa¡ u, Áq.reau aLll ruoJ, suale Jeqlpem solta)al aq 'o¡pe; a¡qeyod at .Eog sp{ o} ur saun} enÁury uoLlm 'Á¡a1e1 asnp)eg ¿mou Áq¡¡ u1 pa8ueq) teq_L 'eJeJnffe sÁer*1e lou pue tu.rel-Euo1 E uoljo ereM slselaJoj asoqf 'sleurlue pll/v\\ lo s¡¡er Eutfuen 'Molaq Áa¡'¡en aqt ol Áldeels sllp, puel aLll pue eÁuey 'lW uo sla^el Eo¡ pue Mous eql 'pelemog saaJl qllq/v\\ le seull eql Eulpn¡:ur 'spoqletu EullsEf,aloJ aL{} aJaqm 'esnoq stq Jo ep}s ulatrsea aLl} uo llem a}aJf,uo3 e @ Eulp'¡rnq Jo uorlnera.rd eq1 6u¡¡e1 Mou st enÁu1y uospeJ auo *.rcJ seprlspue¡ Áq 1gq Á¡¡euotse)f,o oslp ere saplsllltl eql lng ü Jaqleam leuorltperl uo Á¡er ol pasn a¡doed 'Jsed oUl ul ov 'fu1uno: oLl] Jo syed 'Ár¡unor eql ,o s]¡ed Jaqlo .larro eEeluelpe rttuouofa ue eÁuey lertuar Eu¡n1E 'pooq1¡a,rll p q]¡t't Á¡tue¡ slt{ pup ulq lsalurel aql Jo euo 'pere slql ul dn merE oqr* 'eqla.Buey peuant oalpq+I leqdso¡ 'uortre1s olper aq] jo aEreq: ul rel¡Jlo aql ol peppro.rd 6uo¡ erreq er(uay u! auoq s,en;(uty f,pesl i saplslllr.l aqt uo 6u¡tto.tñ saqsnq aa¡lol pue 6u1pro:re 'oEB s.reaÁ MaJ e llnl$]lp ueaq alpll plnom lpql

Grammar d Pete Why didn't you come to Paul's party, Delia? (ask) Reported speech Delia Oh, because everyone said it would be boring. 1 Write these sentences in direct speech. (reply) a Andy told his wife to hurry up, adding that they were going Pete I really enjoyed it. (say) lt didn't finish till after four. to be late. Angie and John were there. (add) Andy Sylvia asked him if he thought she should wear her long Rewrite these sentences in reported speech. Choose the dress or her short stripy one. most appropriate reporting verb from this list, usingl each verb once only. Sylvia Andy suggested she wore her black dress. t§i:iler{g iffi Andy a 'Don't speak with your mouth full, John!' Sylvia told him that she couldn't because it was at the John's mother dry-cleane r's. b 'Remember to get your father a birthday present, Laura.' Sylvia Laura's mother e Andy said he didn't care what she wore, but that if they c 'Don't cross the road here, Tom! lt's not safe.' were late, he miÉht lose his job. The man 'You really must let me pay.' Andy David Report the following conversations, using the verbs in e 'Let's try that new Chinese restaurant in King Street.' brackets. Use conjunctions to join short sentences together Susie where possible and make any other necessary changes. The first one is done as an example. a Paul Would you like to come to my party next Saturday? .g (invite) Pete and John are coming, so there'll be l'iJ 0) some people there that you know. (add) E (@ 'tr+, would be eome people there that she Knew. Delia Yes, I'd love to. (say) What time does it start? (ask) Paul About ten, but you can come when you like. (reply) b Delia l've been invited to Paul's party. (say) Angie When is it? (ask) Delia On Saturday. (reply) I don't want to go, but I couldn't say no. (add) Angie Why don't you phone him on Saturday and say you don't feel well? (suggest) c Mum Now, don't make too much noise. (warn) I don't want any complaints from the nei§hbours. (add) Paul I won't. (promise) 50

T9 'Icolc,o g Áq uorlels aq] o] loF uec I odotl I 'Ycolc,o I ]e uollels otll oplslno ]aou o] poBuerJe aM 'antleurolut pue Fu!]selelur are,{Eo¡our.lco} pue acuarcs }noqe sauuerFotd 'uolutdo ,{ru u¡ ,{Fo¡ouqce} pue ocuercs }noqe setuue.lBord o¡per Fu!}sale}ul ,{ueu ale oJot.ll c 'Eulualsll a.re no,{ ollrliv\\ Fu!q}auos op uec noÁ I]eL{} sl aBe}uenpe }sr4 al{l 'uotst^ala} ro^o seL,l orper seBeluenpe o/v\\] Jo IUlLll uec q 'socuarpne elre¡ slefl pue ecnpord o] deaqc st orpel lecol 'uorlua^ur luellluq e st o!pel leco-'l e 'uolllladel plone ol se os sr¡ed asaLll lo qcee u! acuolues puoces aqt elUA eU ¿ 'ur palsoralu¡ ,i¡¡eer s,aq Fultllou s,aleq] 'leql se ilall sV / rcql wot¡ ¡tedy 'suode.l spods ot,ll speal s,{ean¡e leqlolq ,{6¡ t 'ppo^ aLl] ul uo Eu¡oE s,]eq/v\\ Áq peleutcse¡ we1'fuetluocotllug /ssa¡aqua^aN's/v\\ou oL.ll ul ]sololul ou onell llult,l],{eu no¡ e '.¡adedsrvreu e Jo seFed ou] Fulurn] ]noqe Ful,itslles Bultllauos s,olotll 'pueq )eqlo aql uO / §enuoc ÁA 'Al uo s/v\\au oLl] tlclem o] Jolsea qcnu s,ll p 'euo ltlFnoq Á¡¡en1ce I aLU!] ]sel eLf] raquouol l,uec l'lceJ q / lsetluoc Ág 'mou sradedsmau peor lona ,{lpleq I c 'Uleuelua ol Sl eloJ sll ,iepo] .Ero() seuoql¡ / q7noqUe'slv\\ou eq] Uoder o] sem .lededsmau e Jo olol aq] ']sed aq] ul q 'aulluo s/v\\au aul Eulpeal ele e¡doad /E alou 'ecuepq ug rcnano¡¡ 'sladeds¡neu Bur,{nq ere e¡doad tame¡ pue lalvtal'Áepo1 e @ 'secueluas flu¡rno¡¡o¡ eq¡ e¡e¡duoc ol aserqd Jo pJo/n lceroc or.lt osooqC tr .! c, T tred 8ul1ll¡¡ ']noun]sal]a]]eqaLl]-(g)8urmarns.jnoqueJ|eq la8,(¡uo uer aLl :Á¡¡:rnb (/) sauaileq dn asn t,uplp ll pue ra88rq sEM uaalrs aqt (9) panordLul aq plno) Al Jo uos sLlt sa^arlaq Ined ,'alntld aqr aas touuef no,( tq8r¡ lq8rrq ur (5) 'srooplno lr asn ol Pelue^ | 'uloolqleq aqr ur l¡:soru I asn ¡,'sreaÁ lera^as ro; Al ra¡:od e pau^^o (7) a¡:se:preH Ined - I',(ep,fuana sasn aq se A1 aqr 8ur,(nq rarBar lou saop tnq 'ueu laSpe8 e sr aq tellt sttupe ltols ,'leuae aqr Jo luol; -ut sa^our Surqrou se 8uo¡ (g) poo8 st uot¡da¡ar aq1.SauoqdpeaqL{]lMUa^at-(z)pnot]ouSl]l]eq]sruua¡qolduleLuaq1 .s.llPJJe]Ua]lnfH]!¡n-(¡)8urdaa¡to;poo8oS|eSl]l]nq,]uauuule].la]UaloJ I asn ¡ 'sa,(a Áuu surer¡s raSuo¡ Áue se'Jnoq ue tnoqe tsel qlrLlM sauuuer8old q:renr,(¡uo l, 'paq ur saL{fte^ ,(¡ureuu aq---wqñ- (o) hr azrsaa¡:od sltl sa^ol ueu/v\\aN llo)s '(O) FuluulFeq eq¡ le elduexo ue s! oJeql'deF qcee u! pro/r^ euo A¡uo as¡ 'deE qcee slll lseq qc!Ll/r^ pJo/\\A eql lo ),lu!tll pue /notaq txal eqt peal 'g-tr suollsenb ¡oJ T, zred Llstl8ul Jo asn pue Eulpeau