Final body systems flipbook

BodFylipSbyosotekms By: Samyuktha Chandrasekar Health Science 4B Mr.Pickett 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1-Integumentary System………………………………………………………3 Chapter 2-Musculoskeletal System…………………………………………………..4 Chapter 3-Nervous System………………………………………………………………………5 Chapter 4-Special Senses………………………………………………………………………….6 Chapter 5-Cardiovascular………………………………………………………………………….7 Chapter 6-Respiratory System………………………………………………………………8 Chapter 7-Digestive System…………………………………………………………………….9 Chapter 8-Urinary System………………………………………………………………………10 Chapter 9-Reproductive System………………………………………………………….11 Bonus Chapter: Fun facts…………………………………………………………………………..12 2

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: FUNCTION: The integumentary system is most -derm/o, dermat/o: skin commonly know for acting as a shield or barrier for -kerat/o: hard 1. Melanin (natural pigment) our body, protecting us from toxic substances. -xer/o: dry 2. Arrector pili muscle (muscle that generates heat) Additionally, it regulates our body temperature. -xanth/o: yellow 3. Hypodermis (fat tissue below dermis) -erythr/o: red 4.Hair shaft (part of hair not attached to folicle) -pedicu/o: lice 5. Sebaceous glands (gland that secretes oil) -onych/o: fingernail/toenail 6. Epidermis (upper layer of skin) -myc/o: fungus 7. Adipose tissue(tissue fat that stores energy) -pil/o: hair 8. Keratin(fibrous protein found in hair) -lip/o: fat 6. Dermis(middle layer of skin) -rhytid/o: wrinkle 9. Alopecia(absence of hair from certain body parts.) 10. Callus(thickened portion of the skin) -HalbEinA/o:LwhTitHe CARE CAREERS: -Dermatologist(skin doctor) -Plastic Surgeon(skin reconstruction) Diseases/Disorders 3 -Skin Cancer(Cancer of the skin) -Acne(clogged hair follicles w/ oil) -Keratosis Pilaris(bumpy skin) -Atopic Dermatitis(severe itching)

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -my/o: muscle FUNCTION: Our bodies’ bones and muscles work together in order to provide support -myel/o: spinal cord/bone marrow 1.Hematopoiesis (RBC production in the bone marrow) and stability for our movements. -oste/o: bone 2.Dislocation (When a bone pops out of its socket) -cost/o: ribs 2.Strain (Stretching/Tearing of a tendon) -crani/o: cranium/skull 3.Sprain (Twist of a ligament) -pexy: surgical fixation 4.Ankylosis (Stiffness of a joint) -chondr/o: cartilage 5.Scoliosis (Lateral curvature of the spine) -arthr/o: joint 6.Lordosis (Inward curvature of the spine) -plegia: paralysis/stroke 7.Kyphosis (Front to back curvature of the upper spine) -kinesi/o: movement 8.Cartilage (A tough flexible tissue) 9.Ligament (Fibrous connective tissue joining bones) HEALTHCARE 10.Joint (Where two or more bones meet) CAREERS: -Myologist(studies muscular system) -Physical Therapist(reduce/improve Dipsaien)ases/Disorders 4 -Tendonitis(inflammation of tendons) -Carpal tunnel syndrome(pinched nerve) -Osteoarthritis(degeneration of joint cartilage) -Fibromyalgia(muscle tenderness)

NERVOUS SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -neur/o: nerve 1.CNS (central nervous system) FUNCTION: The function of the nervous system is to receive information such as -encephal/o: brain cord 2.PNS (peripheral nervous system) sensory and motor input and process -myel/o: bone marrow/spinal 3.SNS (somatic nervous system) information from our surroundings. 4.Neuron (cell that conducts messages) -ambul/o: walk 5.Cell (basic unit of all organisms) -esthesia: feeling/sensation 6.Reflex (automatic response) -mening/o: meninges 7.Nerve (bundle of nerve fibers) -psych/o: mind 8.Cerebrum (largest part of the brain) 9.Cerebellum (controls balance and coordination) -concuss/o: shaken together 10.Stimulus (signal that makes an organism react) HEALTHCARE 5 CAREERS: -Neurosurgeon(operates on brain) -Psychologist(evaluate behavior) Diseases/Disorders -Cerebral Palsy(impacts ability to move) -Schizophrenia(impacts ability to think) -Epilepsy(disturbed nerve cell activity) -Parkinson’s Disease(impacts movement)

SPECIAL SENSES: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -Canthus (corner of the eye) FUNCTION: The special senses transfer energy into electrical impulses which -irid/o: iris/eye -Conjunctiva (covers front and insides of eye) then help produce a response. -cusis: hearing -Iris (colores part of the eye) -opia: vision condition -Fundus (posterior wall of the eye) -ot/o: ear -Hyperopia (farsightedness) -tympan/o: tympanic membrane/middle ear-Myopia (nearsightedness) -Cornea (transparent part of fibrous layer) -opthalm/o: eye -Sclera (protective part of the fibrous layer) -metry: process of measuring -Sensory Receptors (sense organs) -Sensation (process of detecting a stimulus) HEALTHCARE 6 CAREERS: -Optometrist(eye doctor) -Dermatologist(skin doctor) Diseases/Disorders -Blindness(inability to see) -Deafness(inability to hear) -Ptosis(drooping eyelid) -Cataract(clouding of eye lens)

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: FUNCTION: The main purpose of the -cardi/o: heart -Aorta (largest blood vessel) cardiovascular system is to deliver oxygen -angi/o: blood vessel -Vein (carries blood toward heart) to the entire body while also removing -hem/o, hemat/o: blood carbon dioxide. -brady: slow -Artery (carries blood away from heart) -tachy: fast -Capillary (connects veins and arteries) -thromb/o: blood clot -Ventricle (two lower chambers of heart) -emia: pertaining to blood condition -Atrium (two upper chambers of heart) -leuk/o: white blood cells -erythr/o: red blood cells -Cardiac Cycle (complete heart beat) -arteri/o: artery -Diastole (relaxed heart muscle) -Heart Murmur (abnormal sound from heart) HEALTHCARE -Heart Rate (measure of cardiac activity) CAREERS: -Cardiac Surgeon(operates on hearts) -Pediatric Cardiologist(studies kids’ Dihseaertsa) ses/Disorders 7 -Anemia(lack of RBC) -Arrhythmia(irregular heartbeat) -Cardiac Arrest(loss of heart function) -Stroke(interruption of blood supply)

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -bronch/o: bronchial tube FUNCTION: The respiratory system -Bronchi (directs air into lungs) essentially helps us breathe by inhaling -cyan/o: blue -laryng/o: larynx (voicebox) -Lungs (organ responsible for respiration) oxygen and exchanging it for carbon -Alveoli (small sacs of lung tissue) dioxide. -oxia: oxygen -Mucus (protective secretion) -oxy-: sharp -Allergy (reaction to foreign substance) -pleur/o: pleura -Diaphragm (muscle under lungs) -pneum/o: lung, air, gas -Carbon Dioxide (gaseous waste of respiration) -pulmon/o: lung -Exhale (breather out) -thorac/o: chest -trache/o: trachea (windpipe) -Inhale (breathe in) -Pleura (membrane covering lungs) HEALTHCARE CAREERS: -Pulmonologist(specializes in lungs and sys.) 8 -Respiratory Therapist(breathing disorders) Diseases/Disorders -COVID-19(infects healthy cells) -Asthma(inflamed airway) -COPD(blocked airflow, difficulty breathing) -Lung Cancer(cancer most common in smokers)

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -cholecyst/o: gallbladder FUNCTION: The main function of the -enter/o: small intestine -Gallbladder (organ that stores bile) digestive system is to aid in the digestion -Enzyme (substance that breaks down nutrients) of food absorb nutrients, and process -col/o, colon/o: large intestine -Saliva (liquid that chemically digests food) defecation. -hepat/o: liver -Esophagus (tube connecting mouth/throat to stomach) -gastr/o: stomach -Rectum (last section of colon) -or/o: mouth -Anus (opening at the end of the colon) -Chyme (thick mass of partially digested food) -pepsia: digestion -Stool (undigested material from the colon) -chol/e: bile, gal -Peristalsis (smooth muscle contractions in esophagus) -proct/o: anus, rectum -Mucus (fluid lining the wall of the stomach) HEALTHCARE 9 CAREERS: -Gastroenterologist(diagnosis diseases) -Proctologist(specializes in rectum/anus) Diseases/Disorders -GERD(bile irritates food pipe lining) -Stomach Flu(intestinal infection) -IBD(inflammation of digestive tract) -Hemorrhoids(inflamed veins in rectum/anus)

URINARY SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -cele: hernia FUNCTION: The main function of the -Urinalysis (chemical analysis of urine) urinary system is to filter blood and create urine. -lysis: breakdown, seperation -Glomerulus (network of capillaries) -cyst/o: urinary bladder, sac of fluid-Renin (enzyme produced by kidney) -Erythropoietin (hormone from kidney) -nephr/o: kidney -Urinary Bladder (organ where urine is stored) -ren/o: kidney -Urethra (canal carrying urine) -uria: urination -Ureter (duct passing urine from kidney to bladder) -pexy: fixation -Filtration (process of filtering) -ectasis: dilation -Kidney (filters waste to form urine) -pyel/o: renal pelvis -Urination (process of expelling urine) HEALTHCARE CAREERS: -Urologist(diagnose/treat conditions) 10 -Nephrologist(treats kidney disorders) Diseases/Disorders -Nephrolith(kidney stone) -Urethritis(inflammation of urethra) -Enuresis(involuntary release of urine) -Bladder Cancer(cancer of bladder)

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: IMAGE: KEY TERMS: VOCABULARY: -cervic/o: cervix (neck of uterus) FUNCTION: The function of the -salping/o: fallopian tube -STD(sexually transmitted disease) reproductive system is to produce -ov/o: egg -gonads(male reproductive glands) offsprings. (male=sperm, female=ovum) -orchid/o: testis -gametes(reproductive cells) -oophor/o: ovary -semen(thick white fluid) -men/o: menstruation -scrotum(external pouch containing testes) -mamm/o: breast -testosterone(male sex hormone) -gynec/o: women, female -ovulation(expulsion of an ovum) -colp/o: vagina -fallopian tubes(tube carrying eggs) -cervix(opening to uterus) HEALTHCARE-prostat/o: prostate gland -uterus(hollow muscular organ in females) CAREERS: -OB/GYN(deliver babies) -Reproductive Biologist (studies bio of the gamete) Diseases/Disorders 11 -Endometriosis(inner uterus tissue grown outside) -ED(inability for male to maintain firm erection) -Prostatitis(swelling of the prostate) -Testicular Cancer(Cancer in male organs)

FUN FACTS: Integumentary Sys: Cardiovascular Sys: -The average human sheds -The heart expels 5 quarts of blood each minute 40lbs of skin in their lifetime Respiratory Sys: Musculoskeletal Sys: -Lungs float on water -The smallest bone in the human body is located in the ear Digestive Sys: Nervous Sys: -Humans produce 2 pints of saliva everyday -There are more nerve cells in the human brain Urinary Sys: than there are stars in the Milky Way -Each kidney has 1,000,000 nephrons Special Senses: Reproductive Sys: -Snakes can hear from their jawbones -The average female can birth up to 35 babies in her lifetime 12