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Literature review 2 All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Meaning of Literature, • Literature Review • Purpose of Literature Review • Uses of literature review, • Source of information www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607)
Literature-? 3 • Different People – Different Understanding. • The 11th edition of Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary considers literature to be “writings having excellence of form or expression and expressing ideas of permanent or universal interest.” • Describe written and sometimes spoken material • Literature may also be define as a group of things - exists on history, psychology and maths also. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
4 Literature in Research is.. • Literature refers to a collection of published information/materials on a particular area of research or topic, such as books and journal articles of academic value. • Does not need to be inclusive of every thing written on topic of interest. • Key sources related to the main debates, trends and gaps in your research area www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
5 Below are example of Literature www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
6 Primary Literature/sources • means original studies, • based on direct observation, • use of statistical records, interviews, or experimental methods, • usually published in a peer-reviewed journal. • They are authored by researchers, contains original research data, and are usually published in a peer-reviewed journal. Primary literature may also include conference papers, pre-prints, or preliminary reports. Also called empirical research www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
7 Secondary Literature • Consists of interpretations and evaluations that are derived from or refer to the primary source literature. • Professionals within each discipline take the primary literature and synthesize, generalize, and integrate new research. • Monograph - a detailed written study of a single specialized subject or an aspect of it. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
8 Tertiary Literature • Tertiary literature consists of a distillation and collection of primary and secondary sources such as textbooks, encyclopedia articles, and guidebooks or handbooks. • The purpose - to provide an overview of key research findings and an introduction to principles and practices within the discipline. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
9 What is meant by the term review? • To review the literature means to be able to identify: • what has been established, discredited and accepted in your field* • areas of controversy or conflict among different schools of thought • problems or issues that remain unsolved • emerging trends and new approaches • how your research extends, builds upon, and departs from previous research. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
10 Types of Literature www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
11 Act of review involves • Evaluating individual sources, discusses common and emerging approaches, • notable patterns and trends, • areas of conflict and controversies, • and gaps within the relevant literature • you need to engage • Compare, contrast, synthesize, and make arguments - contribute www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
12 So Literature Review is • In essence, a literature review identifies, evaluates and synthesises the relevant literature within a particular field of research. • It illuminates how knowledge has evolved within the field • identifies a research gap • articulates how a particular research project addresses this gap www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
13 Related academic genres www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
14 Purpose of literature review ∙ Provide foundation of knowledge on topic ∙ Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication and give credit to other researchers ∙ Identify inconstancies: gaps in research, conflicts in previous studies, open questions left from other research ∙ Identify need for additional research (justifying your research) ∙ Identify the relationship of works in context of its contribution to the topic and to other works ∙ Place your own research within the context of existing literature making a case for why further study is needed. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
15 Analysis and synthesis • Whereas analysis involves systematically breaking down the relevant literature into its constituent parts, • synthesis is the act of making connections between those parts identified in the analysis’ www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
Lets see an Example 16 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
Literature Review Matrix 17 Literature review matrix is a table in which you can represent the views, ideas, or data according to thematic categories that correspond to your research project. www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
18 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
19 Types of Literature Review Simple Applied Academic www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
20 Contd… • Simple - A simple literature review is a brief overview of the topic not necessarily purely academic in scope • Applied - Used mostly in business, government and other professional environments applied literature reviews are more fact finding. Used to look at marketability and profitability. • Academic - requires accuracy, quality resources , objectivity thoroughness and quality analysis but and requires a depth www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
21 www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
22 • In the selective approach, a single or limited number of sources are reviewed (e.g. as in an annotated bibliography assignment, or the introduction of a journal article). • A comprehensive approach requires the review of numerous books and articles (e.g. as in a review article), which can be presented as a substantial chapter in a research thesis or published on its own as a scholarly review article. • Within a thesis, a literature review may appear in a single chapter – often being the first independent chapter after the introduction. However, reviews of literature may also be dispersed across several chapters, each of which may focus on a different theme, concept, theory or method. As a result, a thesis can contain multiple reviews based upon thematic, conceptual, theoretical and methodological considerations www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
The function/Uses of literature reviews 23 • provide a background to your work by summarising the previously published work • classify the research into different categories and demonstrate how the research in a particular area has changed over time by indicating historical background (early research findings in an area) as well as explaining recent developments in an area • clarify areas of controversy and agreement between experts in the area as well as identify dominant views • evaluate the previous research and identify gaps (i.e. unexplored areas) • help justify your research by indicating how it is different from other works in the same area www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
24 THANK YOU www.cuidol.in Unit-1(MAP-607) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL
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