Unit 7-Tourist Destinations – United Kingdom

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BTT 2MARKETING MANAGEMENT All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Tourism product Europe and Asia Course Code: BTT113 Semester: Third Unit: 7 www.cuidol.in

Tourist destination of United Kingdom 33 COURSE OBJECTIVES • To familiarize students with world geography • To enrich student with knowledge of physical location of continent • To enrich student with knowledge of tourist destination on the map of Europe & America www.cuidol.in Q 101) INSTITUTE OF DAISllTAriNgChEt aArNeDreOsNeLrvINeEdLwEiAthRNCIUN-GIDOL

Tourism destination of United Kingdom 43 UNIT OBJECTIVES UNIT INTRODUCTION • After studying this unit, the students will be able to . • State the basic facts of UK • Outline the general information's of UK • List the famous people from UK • Explore the famous top-rated tourist destination of UK www.cuidol.in Q 101) INSTITUTE OF DAISllTAriNgChEt aArNeDreOsNeLrvINeEdLwEiAthRNCIUN-GIDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 5 www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 6 • The United Kingdom, also called the U.K., consists of a group of islands off the northwest coast of Europe. • Fast facts • OFFICIAL NAME: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland • FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional monarchy with parliamentary government • CAPITAL: London • POPULATION: 65,105,246 • OFFICIAL LANGUAGE: English • MONEY: Pound sterling • AREA: 93,635 square miles (242,514 square kilometers) • MAJOR RIVERS: Thames, Severn, Tyne www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 7 • GEOGRAPHY • The United Kingdom, also called the U.K., consists of a group of islands off the northwest coast of Europe. • It is a unique country made up of four nations: England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. • England, Wales, and Scotland also make up Great Britain. • Much of the north and west of the U.K. is covered in high ground, knife-edged mountain ridges separated by deep valleys. This terrain was shaped in the last Ice Age, when thick glaciers covered the land. • In the south of England, the countryside is mostly rolling hills. • In northwest England and the Scottish Highlands are dozens of lakes, called lochs. These were left behind when the Ice Age glaciers melted. • They tend to be long and narrow, and some are very deep. Legends say that a giant monster called Nessie lives in Loch Ness in Scotland. • Great Britain's rugged mountains, like the Scottish Highlands, offer habitat that is relatively untouched by humans. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 8 • The United Kingdom is a country in northwestern Europe. • The UK consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. • The UK is located mainly on two large islands in the Atlantic Ocean: the islands of Great Britain and Ireland • No location in the UK is further away from the sea than 125 km/ 77 miles! • The United Kingdom is slightly smaller than the state of Oregon/USA and slightly bigger than Ghana. • The UK lies on the prime meridian which marks the Greenwich meridian time zone (GMT). • The landscape is dominated by rolling plains and rugged hillsides. • The UK has 13 British Overseas Territories, among them are Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, Gibraltar on the Iberian Peninsula and Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 9 • The United Kingdom was part of the European Union from 1973 until 'Brexit' was finalized on 31 December 2020 when the transition period (from 31 January 2020) ended with new arrangements between the EU and the UK • People and culture • The British are the creation of waves of invaders and migrants, including Celts, Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings, and Normans. In the 1950s and 1960s, people from former colonies in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia came to the United Kingdom to work. • Sports and literature are among the United Kingdom's cultural claims to fame. Soccer, rugby, cricket, boxing, and golf were all invented in Britain. • The U.K. has produced many great writers, including William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, and Robert Burns. J.K. Rowling, the writer of the Harry Potter books, is British. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 10 • Nature • About 5,000 years ago, the center of the United Kingdom was covered with thick forests. • Thousands of years ago, these woodlands were cleared by ancient farmers, and today only about 10 percent of the land is forest. • The United Kingdom's complex geology gives rise to a wide variety of landscapes and a range of habitats for its animal and plant life. But it is a very crowded country, and there are not many truly wild places left. • The most successful wildlife species are those that can live alongside people. • Great Britain's rugged mountains, like the Scottish Highlands, offer habitat that is relatively untouched by humans. The country's 7,700 miles (12,429 kilometers) of shoreline, ranging from tall cliffs to beaches to marshes, also provide homes for wildlife such as seabirds and seals. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 11 • The United Kingdom includes four countries. First let's start with explaining the distinctions between United Kingdom, Great Britain and Britain. • UK: United Kingdom is a country belonging to the European continent that includes four separate countries on the British Isles: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. • Great Britain is the name for three nations on the main isle: England, Scotland and Wales • Britain is used only for including the mainland countries England and Wales www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 12 • Other Facts • Population: about 67 million people live in the United Kingdom (2021) • Capital: London with 9 million inhabitants • Name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland • Government: Parliamentary Monarchy, Democracy • Language: English • Religion: mainly Christians 60% • Currency: 1 British Pound (GBP) = 100 penny • National Anthem: 'God Save the Queen' www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 13 • National Holiday: none, however, the Queen's official birthday is a celebrated public holiday on the second Saturday in June. • National Symbol: Lion (national animal), Union Jack (national flag) and the national colors: blue, white and red • History: In 1707, the first political union of the Kingdom of England which then included Wales and Scotland was formed. In 1922 Northern Ireland joined this Union. • From 1835 until 1925 the city of London was the largest city in the world. In 1927 the UK was officially proclaimed. From 1973 - 2020, the UK was part of the European Union. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 14 • Facts about the UK • The largest country of the UK is England. The smallest country is Northern Ireland. • The UK has the third longest coastline in Europe with 12,430 km/ 7,723 miles - after Norway and Denmark (Greenland) • The United Kingdom's highest mountain is Ben Nevis in Scotland with 1,345 m/4,412 ft. • The largest lake in the UK is Lough Neigh in Northern Ireland. • Loch Ness is the largest fresh water lake (by volume) in the UK. • The longest river in the UK is the River Severn with 354 km/ 220 miles. • London Heathrow is the biggest airport on the European continent. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 15 • There is only one land border to Ireland. • Bishop Rock off the Sicily Isles in southern England is the smallest of the UK islands. • Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch is the town with the longest name in the world, but fortunately the town is known also as Llanfairpwllgwyngyllor simply Llanfair PG. • The UK was the first to use postage stamps: In 1840 the first stamps show a portrait of • Queen Victoria. The first postage stamp called 'Penny Black' as it was worth one penny and was black. • And last but not least: The UK is one of only five countries that do not have a written constitution but follows a common law system. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 16 • Queen Elizabeth II (born 21 April 1926) is the longest reigning monarch in the world. She reigns in the UK for 60 years + on the throne. • Queen Elizabeth II ascended the throne after her father King George VI died in 1952. Queen Elizabeth II is the longest reigning royal in the world and still head of state of 16 Commonwealth countries. • William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616): nicknamed 'The Bard', Shakespeare is the world's biggest playwright. • His works 'Romeo and Juliet', 'Macbeth' and 'Hamlet' are known by people from all over the world. • Shakespeare's Globe theatre in London is a great place to experience a play or learn about his famous plays. • J.K. Rowling: author of 'Harry Potter' book series who became the first author who earn one billion US dollar in her career as a writer in 2014. • The seven fantasy novels talk about the adventures of the young wizard Harry Potter and his friends. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

GENERAL AND BASIC FACTS OF UK 17 • Language in the UK • The main language spoken in the UK is British English. Scots, Welsh and Irish are also spoken. There are also four Celtic languages spoken: Scottish Gaelic, Irish Gaelic, Welch and Cornish. • In Wales, Welsh names are given on road signs together with English names which makes traveling much easier for many. • The ancient languages Scottish Gaelic, Irish Gaelic, Welsh and Breton are still spoken in England but only by groups of people. • Did you know that French was actually the official language in the UK for about three hundred years, from 1066 - 1362! The Breton language is nowadays mostly spoken by the people in Brittany in north western France. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 18 • One of the most popular travel destinations in the world, England offers almost endless possibilities for vacationers seeking fun things to do and top attractions to visit. • Part of the beautiful British Isles, this small but influential country bursts with fascinating history,exciting cities, and rich cultural traditions. • Historic sites are at every turn, from prehistoric megaliths and ancient Roman sites to centuries-old castles and town centers dating back to the middle Ages. • England is also extremely easy to get around, with its most popular tourist destinations well connected by trains and buses. • Alternatively, you can drive between points of interest on a well-planned system of motorways. Whether you choose to tour the country by car or public transport, you're guaranteed an unforgettable experience. • To help you get the most out of your travel itinerary, be sure to use our list of the best places to visit in England www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 19 • stonehenge • Stonehenge, 10 miles north of the historic city of Salisbury on Salisbury Plain, is Europe's best-known prehistoric monument. • It's so popular that visitors need to purchase a timed ticket in advance to guarantee entry. • Exhibitions at the excellent Stonehenge visitor center set the stage for a visit, explaining through audio-visual experiences and more than 250 ancient objects how the megaliths were erected between 3000 and 1500 BC, and sharing information about life during this time. • After walking around the various viewing points adjacent to these enormous stones, visit the authentic replicas of Neolithic Houses to see the tools and implements of everyday Neolithic life as volunteers demonstrate skills from 4,500 years ago. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 20 • Tower of London • Prison, palace, treasure vault, observatory, and menagerie: the Tower of London has done it all and it's one of the top attractions in London. • The centerpiece of this Thames-side fortress is the White Tower. Built in 1078 by William the Conqueror, it's home to amazing exhibits, such as Line of Kings, the world's oldest visitor attraction, established in 1652 with a remarkable display of royal armor. • Other highlights include the impressive Crown Jewels exhibition, classic Yeoman Warder Tours, the Royal Mint, and exhibits and displays regarding prisoners and executions. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 21 • The Roman Baths and Georgian City of Bath All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • If you only have time to visit one smaller city in England, you couldn't do much better than Bath. This remarkably beautiful city in Somerset boasts more fantastic tourist attractions than you could hope to visit in a day. • While most famous for the magnificent 2,000-year-old Roman Baths built around the city's rejuvenating hot springs, it's equally well known for its honey-colored Georgian Townhouses, such as those located on Royal Crescent. • Bath makes an ideal location from which to explore some of England's most stunning countryside, including the Avon Valley, the Mendip Hills, and countless other fantastic Somerset landmarks www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 22 • The British Museum All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • With collections of antiquities that are among the world's finest, the British Museum holds more than 13 million artifacts from Assyria, Babylonia, Egypt, Greece, the Roman Empire, China, and Europe. The most famous ancient artifacts are the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, as well as the famous Rosetta Stone. • But there are many other outstanding pieces on show here that help make this one of the best places to visit in London. • The Ancient Egyptian collection is the largest outside of Cairo, and the hoard of Roman silver dating from the fourth century known as the Mildenhall Treasure, unearthed in Suffolk in 1942, is nothing short of spectacular. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 23 • York Minster and Historic Yorkshire • The magnificent York Minster is second in importance in the Church of England only to the cathedral at Canterbury. • It stands in the center of historic York, surrounded by half-timbered homes and shops, medieval guildhalls, and churches. • In turn, York's romantic streets are surrounded by three miles of magnificent town walls that you can walk atop for spectacular views over the city and its surroundings. While here, visit the National Railway Museum, one of England's most visited tourist attractions. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 24 • Chester Zoo • Located in Upton, just over a mile north of Chester city center, Chester Zoo is England's most visited attraction outside of London and is one of the best places to visit in England for families. • The more than 11,000 animals living in this 125-acre site represent about 400 different species • You can tour these extensive grounds on the zoo's monorail system to reach highlights that include Chimpanzee Island, a penguin pool, and Europe's largest tropical house. • There's plenty of other fun things to do at Chester Zoo, too, so expect to easily spend a day enjoying this top-rated tourist attraction. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 25 • Lake District National Park • Covering some 900 square miles, Lake District National Park is a must-visit destination for travelers to England. • With 12 of the country's largest lakes and more than 2,000 miles of rights of way waiting to be explored, there's little wonder the region continues to inspire, with its magnificent views and scenery straight out of a painting. • Other things to do include visiting the park's many fells, including Scafell Pike (3,210 feet), the highest mountain in England. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 26 • Canterbury Cathedral All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Located in the heart of the historic city that bears its name, Canterbury Cathedral (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) is home to the Archbishop of Canterbury and is the cradle of English Christianity. • It all started when St. Augustine converted the pagan Anglo Saxons here in 597 when he became the first bishop. • Excellent guided tours of the cathedral are available, and for a truly memorable experience, consider booking an overnight stay in the grounds at Canterbury Cathedral Lodge. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 27 • Eden Project • The Incredible Eden Project is a collection of unique Artificial Biomes containing an amazing collection of plants from around the world. • Located in a reclaimed quarry in Cornwall, this spectacular botanical garden complex consists of huge domes that look rather like massive igloo-shaped greenhouses. • As well as these stunning displays of plant life, the Eden Project hosts numerous arts and music events year-round www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 28 • The Cotswold’s • The Cotswold’s cover some 787 square miles and encompass parts of some of England's prettiest counties: Gloucestershire, Oxford shire, Wiltshire, Somerset, Worcestershire, and Warwickshire. And all of it begs to be explored. • Designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty due to its rare limestone grassland habitats and old-growth beech woodlands, the beauty of the Cotswold’s has much to do with its quaint villages and towns, such as Castle Coombe, Chipping Norton, and Tetbury. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 29 • The National Gallery • Displaying one of the most comprehensive collections of paintings in the world, the National Gallery is London's second-most visited museum. • The collections, which present an almost complete cross-section of European painting from 1260 until 1920, are especially strong in the Dutch Masters and the Italian Schools of the 15th and 16th centuries. www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 30 • Warwick castle All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Located in the beautiful city of Warwick on the River Avon, this impressive fortress has dominated the landscape and history of the region for more than 900 years. • Today, it serves as a backdrop to medieval-themed events and reenactments, from jousting festivals to fairs and concerts. • Warwick is also great base from which to explore the Cotswold’s, as well as nearby towns such as Stratford-upon-Avon, famous as the birthplace of William Shakespeare. Bigger city destinations, including Liverpool, hometown of The Beatles, as well as Birmingham and Coventry, are an easy drive www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 31 • Tate Modern All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • When the Tate Modern opened its new 10-storey extension in June 2016, adding 60 percent more gallery space, visitor numbers jumped by almost one-fourth, making it one of England's most visited attractions. • Now regarded as among the world's best - and certainly one of the largest -museums of modern and contemporary art, the Tate Modern shows a wide range of artistic expression, including paintings, works on paper, sculpture, films, performances, installations, and other forms of artistic expression. • Among the well-known artists represented here are Picasso, Rothko, Dali, Matisse, and Modigliani. Be sure to go to the viewing level for 360-degree views of the London skyline and the River Thames far below. www.cuidol.in

VARIOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS OF UK 32 • Royal Museums Greenwich All right are reserved with CU-IDOL • Downstream from Tower Bridge, Greenwich is the London base of the Royal Navy and holds England's largest expanses of preserved historic architecture and parks. • And although lovers of things maritime will certainly gravitate to Greenwich, there's a lot more there than just ships and boats here. • The highlight for most visitors is the Catty Sark, the last surviving of the 19th-century clippers from the lucrative tea trade between Britain and China. • Built in 1869, the Cutty Sark was one of the finest and fastest ships of its www.cuidol.in

Summary 33 • UK does not have its own official written constitution • But it follows a common law, like 4 other countries, which does the same • UK is smaller than one of the states in USA but has control all over the world • UK's sun is referred to as UK's sun never sets’ • Because in one or the other place, where UK colonized, the sun will be up. • UK has very old and unique things collected from all over the world. • All these things are showcased in a museum www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

Reference 34 • Reference books: • Specific Country Guidebooks of Lonely Planet Publication. • DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Europe • A.K Bhatia – International Tourism. • International Geography for Travel and Tourism by John P.Wrades www.cuidol.in All right are reserved with CU-IDOL

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