AWS Fundamentals

AWS Fundamentals

TECH BOOSTER Learning Series

Course Outline This course covers the following modules: Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS) & the Cloud AWS Elastic Compute Cloud- AWS EC2 AWS Storage Fundamentals AWS Simple Storage Service Amazon Identity And Access Management Amazon Virtual Private Cloud And Networking AWS Security Fundamentals 3

Course Outline This course covers the following modules: Securing Data on AWS Database fundamentals for AWS Load Balancing with Elastic Load Balancing AWS's Domain Name System Amazon CloudTrail Monitoring Performance and Availability Application Services 4

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Learning Objectives By the end of this module, you will be able to: • Get a conceptual overview on Cloud Computing • Acknowledge yourself on Amazon Web Services • Understand AWS Architecture and Terminology • Create an AWS Account

Glossary This table displays vocabulary of a technical terms : TERMINOLOGY MEANING 1. Cloud computing services over the internet. 2. Mobility technologies and services that enable people and goods to move 3. IaaS around more freely. 4. PaaS Infrastructure as a service. 5. SaaS Platform as a service. Software as a service. 7

What is Cloud Computing? • Cloud computing is the service in which the information being accessed is found remotely in the cloud or a virtual space. • Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence over the Internet . • Cloud services usage need to be paid. It offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. • Cloud computing helps to lower your operational costs, can run your infrastructure more efficiently and scale as your business needs change • There are majority of top cloud service providers which offer cloud services The two leaders in cloud computing are Amazon and Microsoft, followed by Google, Alibaba, and IBM 8

Cloud Computing Service Models Cloud-computing providers offer their \"services\" according to different models of which the three standard models are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). 9

Cloud Computing Advantages Following are the top business benefits of Cloud Computing : 1. Back-up and restore data’ 2. Improved collaboration 3. Excellent accessibility 4. Low maintenance cost 5. Mobility 6. IServices in the pay-per-use model 7. Unlimited storage capacity 8. Data security

Cloud Computing Service Models(Cont’d) IaaS offers entire IT computing infrastructure over the internet. The key components of IaaS are used to replace existing development and test environments. PaaS component of cloud computing offers a full development and deployment environment in the cloud, including dev, test, QA, debugging, and deployment tools and services. SaaS is a software developed and hosted by someone else. Businesses or individuals are able to use them as needed. There are many cloud service providers : Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, Alibaba Cloud, IBM Cloud, Oracle, Salesforce, SAP, Rackspace Cloud, VMWare etc. 1 1

Amazon Web Services Amazon Web Services (AWS) is Amazon's cloud computing platform. AWS is a pioneered the modern-day cloud service provider in the world. It was launched in the year 2002. AWS is the world’s most comprehensive and broadly adopted cloud platform. AWS offers over 200 fully-featured services from data centers globally. . This service is used by millions of customers. AWS use by Government agencies, educational institutions, nonprofits, and private organizations. 1 2

Amazon Web Services AWS offers : Virtual Private Cloud, EC2, AWS Data Transfer, Simple Storage Service, DynamoDB, Elastic Compute Cloud, AWS Key Management Service, AmazonCloudWatch, Simple Notification Service, Relational Database Service, Route 53, Simple Queue Service, CloudTrail, and Simple Email Service.

Leader in the cloud domain • AWS is like for everybody and each service can be configured based on particular user’s needs • AWS also has a data centers placed around the world • AWS Named as a Leader for the 11th Consecutive Year in 2021 Gartner Magic Quadrant for Cloud Infrastructure & Platform Services (CIPS) • AWS smaller competitors include Oracle and Alibaba Cloud • AWS dominates the market with 33.8 percent global market share while its closest competitors—Microsoft, Google, and IBM— together account for 30.8 percent of the total market. 1 4

Amazon Web Services Basic Architecture AWS EC2 is the basic architecture of AWS. EC2 stands for Elastic Compute Cloud which allows users to use virtual machines of different configurations as per their requirement. AWS EC2 architecture can be represented diagrammatically as shown in the figure AWS EC2 allows various configuration options, mapping of an individual server, various pricing options, etc. Note − In the diagram S3 stands for Simple Storage Service. It allows the users to store and retrieve various types of data using API calls. It doesn’t contain any computing element 1 5

AWS Region and Availability Zones • AWS has the concept of a Region, which is a physical location around the world where we cluster data centers. We call each group of logical data centers an Availability Zone. • AWS provides a more extensive global footprint than any other cloud provider • AWS opens new Regions rapidly • AWS maintains multiple geographic Regions, including Regions in North America, South America, Europe, China, Asia Pacific, South Africa, and the Middle East • AWS infrastructure Regions meet the highest levels of security, compliance, and data protection 1 6

AWS Account Activation Process: A video clip for your guidance: 1 7

Steps to create and activate a new AWS account? Sign up using Add your Add a payment your email contact method address information Verify your Choose an Wait for phone number AWS Support account activation plan Troubleshooting Improving the Get Your delays in account security of your Account Ready activation AWS account 1 8

For more information, click on the given hyperlink How do I create and activate a new AWS account? 1 9

Activity: Quiz Your Scorecard Choose the correct alternative: Total Questions: 1. How many types of services do AWS offers globally? a. 250 b. 200 c. 100 d. 50 2. How many categories of cloud computing services are there? Points Scored: a. 4 b. 5 c. 3 d. 2 Correct Answers: 3. In which year Amazon Web Service was launched? Incorrect Answers: a. 2001 b. 2002 c. 2001 d. 2000 Reset Next

Activity: True or False Choose the correct alternative: True False Your Scorecard 1. One has to paid for the cloud computing services usage. 2. Cloud computing services can’t be availed in Total Questions: more than one location. Points Scored: Correct Answers: 3. Cloud computing can be categorize into 3 sub - Incorrect Answers: categories. 4. AWS stand as one of the leader in the cloud computing service. Hadoop is one of the cloud computing platform Reset Next 5. from Amazon.

AWS Elastic Compute Cloud

Learning Objectives By the end of this module, you will be able to: • Describe on AWS Elastic Compute Cloud • Explain the benefits of EC2 • Give an explanation on AWS EC2 Instance Types • Identify Advance Features of Amazon EC2

Glossary This table displays vocabulary of a technical terms : TERMINOLOGY MEANING 1. Reliability ability of a system or component to function under stated 2. Elasticity conditions 3. Scalable ability of an IT infrastructure to quickly expand or cut back 4. AZs capacity and services 5. Instance measure of a system's ability to increase or decrease in 6. Cache performance and cost Availability Zones a case or occurrence of anything a high-speed data storage layer which stores a subset of data 2 4

AWS Elastic Compute Cloud- AWS EC2 Amazon EC2 is an abbreviation of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. Amazon EC2 is one of the most used and most basic services in Amazon so it makes sense to start with EC2 when you are new to AWS. AWS service lets users launch and manage server instances, at any time and for as long as one needs. Amazon EC2 offers the broadest and deepest compute platform with over 475 instances and choice of the latest systems to help you best match the needs of your workload. Amazon EC2 provides scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud. 2 5

Benefits of AWS EC2 : 1. Auto-scaling: Auto-scaling is basically providing resources according to the demand. They either scale up or scale down corresponding to the increase or decrease in demand. This is the benefit that makes most businesses opt for AWS EC2. 1. Pay as you go: We have to pay only for what we have used. A company, XYZ might be using 100 servers normally, and on Mondays, it scales down to 50 servers. So, one has to pay for 50 servers for those days, not the usual fee for the usage of 100 servers. 1. Increased Readability: AWS is spread across 20 worldwide regions with 61 availability zones (AZs) which helps your business when it is expanding. We can always store multiple copies of your application in multiple AZs.. 1. Elasticity: Instead of 10 low-configuration machines, we could rent a single high-configuration machine with an OS of your preferred choice for your application. Elasticity is the feature from which Elastic Compute Cloud got its name. 2 6

Types of AWS EC2 Instance AWS EC2 instance types determine the underlying hardware of the instances that are launched. AWS instances are of different types with different configurations as shown below. 2 7

Types of AWS EC2 Instance(Cont’d) General-purpose Instances General-purpose instances provide a balance among compute, memory, and networking resources. M5, M5a, and M5d Instances These instances provides an ideal cloud design. It could be used for a wide range of applications. M5 instances are well-suited for the following applications: 1. Web and application servers 2. Small and medium databases 3. Gaming servers 4. Caching fleets T2 and T3 Instances These instances provide clock up or down of CPU performance. These instances are well-suited for the following applications: 1. Website and web applications 2. Code repositories 3. Development, build, test, and staging environments 4. Microservices 2 8

Types of AWS EC2 Instance(Cont’d) Types of AWS EC2 Instance(Cont’d) These instances are for delivering fast performance for processing large data sets in memory. R4, R5, R5a, and R5d instances are memory-optimized. These instances can be used in the following applications: 1. High-performance, relational (MySQL) and NoSQL (MongoDB, Cassandra, etc.) databases 2. Applications that process real-time big data sets (financial services, Hadoop/Spark clusters, etc.) Accelerated Computing Instances These instances are the latest general-purpose instances. They provide an accelerated performance when the CPU clock rate increases. • P3, P2, G3, and F1 are instances for accelerated computing. • P3 and P2 are general-purpose instances. • G3 is for graphic-intensive applications. 2 9

Types of AWS EC2 Instance(Cont’d) Storage-optimized Instances Storage-optimized instances are designed for workloads that contain very large data sets. D2 instances D2 instances feature up to 48 TB of HDD based local storage. These instances offer the lowest price-per-disk throughput performance on Amazon EC2. H1 instances H1 instances provide a balance between computing and memory. Instances feature up to 16 TB of HDD-based local storage which delivers high-disk throughput. I3 instances I3 instances provide Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) SSD-backed instance storage optimized for low latency, very high random I/O performance, high-sequential read throughput, and high IOPS at a low cost. 3 0

Advance Features of Amazon EC2 There are various powerful features of AWS EC2 include the following :- • Amazon- EBS Elastic Block Store • EBS optimized instances • Optimized CPU Configurations • Elastic IP-Addresses • Amazon Virtual Private Cloud • Amazon CloudWatch • Auto Scaling • High-Performance Computing Clusters • Enhanced Networking • Auto Recovery 3 1

Activity: Quiz Choose the correct alternative: 1. Amazon EC2 is a web service that provides _______ compute capacity Your Scorecard in the cloud? Total Questions: a. Flexible b. Resizable c. Changeable d. Reliable 2. Amazon EC2 offers the broadest and deepest compute platform for Points Scored: how many instances? a. 475 b. 500 c. 485 d. 400 Correct Answers: 3. S3 allows the users to store and retrieve various types of data using Incorrect Answers: which calls? a. SPI b. TPI c. API d. RPI Reset Next

Activity: True or False Choose the correct alternative: True False Your Scorecard 1. Amazon Web Services offers reliable, scalable, and inexpensive cloud computing services 2. AWS instances are categorized into 10 types Total Questions: Points Scored: 3. AWS is spread in 20 regions worldwide and Correct Answers: provides 60+ availability zones. Incorrect Answers: Auto Recovery is one of the option of Amazon 4. EC2 Amazon EC2 is one of the cloud service avail by Reset Next 5. only private sector.

AWS Storage Fundamentals

Learning Objectives By the end of this module, you will be able to: • Describe on AWS Cloud Storage • Explain how cloud storage works • Identify AWS cloud storage requirements • Give an explanation on the types of storage options available • Select the most appropriate storage service for your needs

Overview • Storage is one of the core building blocks of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). • AWS Storage services provides a wide range of services that allow to architect the correct solution for our needs. • AWS Storage services gives the knowledge to implement best practices ensuring our data is stored, transmitted and backed up in the most efficient and scalable way. 3 6

What is Cloud Storage? • Cloud storage is a cloud computing model that stores data on the Internet through a cloud computing provider. • Cloud storage delivered an on demand with just-in-time capacity and costs, and eliminates buying and managing your own data storage infrastructure. • Cloud storage gives you agility, global scale and durability, with “anytime, anywhere” data access. 3 7

How Does Cloud Storage Work? 1. Cloud storage is purchased from a third party cloud vendor who owns and operates data storage capacity and delivers it over the Internet in a pay-as-you-go model. 2. Cloud storage vendors manage capacity, security and durability to make data accessible to our applications all around the world. 3 8

Benefits of Cloud Storing data• rtueeenmnpntfwurceincfpwpolWnecqptnmo,oadeaoyraacnoccnyneaimauoieatsrefogatnoeluvertheexactamoaanmshakhsseadtreooncnnordgtevucernievfgsaetilciamrm.lensteriaapgroddcsiseoi,nloaeeryttff Cloud lets IT departments transform three areas: Total Cost of Ownership Time to Deployment Information Management 3 9

Cloud Storage Requirements • Cloud storage operates data storage capacity and delivers it over the Internet as a pay-as- you-go model • Cloud storage vendors manage capacity, security and durability to make data accessible to our applications all around the world 4 0

Cloud Storage RequirementslmpoctfcdyshtawauknjcawstsiualdmNatfeeedtailhsmoemahfsnnudaicihrhoiiaaTh.seeviehicdductrondataandaittolenssdsorarsnclnorusippeoaeoioosecsilsyieieseuauaccrnsytercdnssdvulllltt.r,iillll There are several fundamental requirements when considering storing data in the cloud: Durability Availability Security 4 1

Why AWS has so many storage services? AWS is fully aware that not all your data is to be treated exactly the same. And sometime data can require very specific requirements. This is the reason why AWS has so many different storage to allow you to select most appropriate service for your needs. AWS storage can provide these features and is critical to select the most appropriate service allowing you to implement an effective and efficient solution. 4 2

Types of AWS Storage Services AWS offers following types of storage services with choices for back-up, archiving and recovery of lost data. 4 3

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) Let’s see what those services are and their features: 1. Simple Storage Service (S3) Amazon S3 is an object storage service that stores data of any type and size. S3 can store data for any business such as web applications, mobile applications, backup, archive, and analytics. It also provides easy access control management for all your specific requirements and is almost 100% durable. Amazon S3 can also be used to store all kinds of file formats as you would with a drop box. S3 also allows a simple web- based file explorer to upload files, create folders or delete them. 4 4

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 2. Amazon Glacier Amazon Glacier is an extremely low-cost storage service that provides highly secure, durable, and flexible storage for data backup and archival. With Amazon Glacier, customers can reliably store their data for as little as $0.01 per gigabyte per month. Amazon Glacier enables customers to offload the administrative burdens of operating and scaling storage to AWS. 4 5

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 3. Elastic Block Store Amazon Elastic Block Store volumes provide durable block-level storage for use Amazon EC2 instances. Amazon EBS volumes are off -instance, network-attached storage (NAS) that persists independently from the running life of a single Amazon EC2 instance. After an Amazon EBS volume is attached to an instance, you can use it like a physical hard drive, typically by formatting it with the file system of your choice and using the file I/O interface provided by the instance operating system. You can use an Amazon EBS volume to boot an Amazon EC2 instance and you can attach multiple Amazon EBS volumes to a single Amazon EC2instance. Note, however, that any single Amazon EBS volume may be attached to only one Amazon EC2 instance at any point in time. 4 6

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 4. Amazon EC2 Instance Storage Amazon EC2 instance store volumes (also called ephemeral drives) provide temporary block-level storage for many Amazon EC2 instance types. This storage consists of a preconfigured and pre-attached block of disk storage on the same physical server that hosts the Amazon EC2 instance. The amount of this disk storage varies by Amazon EC2 instance type. In those Amazon EC2 instance families that provide instance storage, larger instances tend to provide both more and larger instance store volumes. 4 7

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 5. AWS Import/Export AWS Import/Export accelerates moving large amounts of data into and out of AWS using portable storage devices for transport. AWS transfers your data directly onto and off of storage devices using Amazon’s high-speed internal network and bypassing the Internet. For significant datasets, AWS Import/Export is often faster than Internet transfer and more cost effective than upgrading your connectivity. AWS Import/Export supports importing and exporting data into and out of several types of AWS storage, including Amazon EBS snapshots, Amazon S3 buckets, and Amazon Glacier vault. 4 8

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 6. AWS Storage Gateway AWS Storage Gateway is a service that connects an on-premises software appliance with cloud-based storage to provide seamless and secure integration between organization's on-premises IT environment and AWS’s storage infrastructure. The service enables you to securely store data to the AWS cloud for scalable and cost-effective storage. It provides low-latency performance by maintaining frequently accessed data on-premises while securely storing all of your data encrypted in Amazon S3. It provides low-latency performance by maintaining frequently accessed data on-premises while securely storing all of your data encrypted in Amazon S3. 4 9

Types of AWS Storage Services(Cont’d) 7. Amazon CloudFront Amazon CloudFront content delivery network (CDN) is a web service for content delivery. Amazon CloudFront makes your website's dynamic, static, and streaming content available from a global network of edge locations. When a visitor requests a file from your website, he or she is invisibly redirected to a copy of the file at the nearest edge location, which results in faster download times than if the visitor had accessed the content from a data center farther away. Amazon CloudFront caches content at edge locations for a period of time that you specify. 5 0